Extension of SSB-

Radio waves are often designated by a 3-symbol code, which is used by ICAO as part of
the definitions of all aviation communication and navigation systems. For example, a
VOR signal is designated as 'A9W'. The most important meanings of each part of the
code are listed below. Several signals are described by more than one designator if the
signal itself consists of more than one part. For example, a continuous wave signal with
no modulation which for a short period is modulated in amplitude using a single
modulating sub-carrier for identification purposes may be designated as NON A2A.


A3E (previously A3)- Double side band full carrier , standard AM .

R3E (Previously A3A)- single sideband reduced carrier. This pilot carrier system. An
attenuate carrier is reinserted into SSB signal to facilities receiver tuning & de
modulation. Replaced by J3E system.

H3E (previously A3E) single sideband full carrier .this could be used as a compatible
AM broadcasting system with A3E receivers.

J3E (Previously A3J)-single side band suppressed carrier. This system so far referred as
SSB, in which the carrier is suppressed by at least 45db in the transmitter. This need
high receiver stability for proper reception.

B8E (Previously A3B)- two independent side band, with a carrier this most commonly
attenuate or suppressed. This type of modulation also known as independent side band
emission (ISB). This is used for HF point to point radio telephony, in which more than
one channel is required.

C3F (previously A5C) vestigial sideband (used for TV video transmission), a system
in which a vestige, i.e. trace of the unwanted sideband transmitted usually with full
carrier.

Carrier reinsertion(pilot carrier system)-
J3E system required excellent frequency stability on the part of both transmitter &
receiver, because of any frequency shift, anywhere along the chain of event thru which
the information must pass will cause an equal frequency shift to the receiver signal. For
such frequency stability has been available from good quality temperature stabilized
crystal oscillator.

The carrier is normally reinserted at a level of 16 or 26db, which is an attenuated carrier
signal used to add after unwanted sideband has been removed.

Independent sideband system-
Multiplex techniques are used for high density point to point communication. For low or
medium traffic, ISB transmission often used. ISB essentially consist of R3E with two
SSB added to form two sideband around the reduced carrier.

Each band is quite independent from each other and can simultaneously convey totally
different transmission.

Vestigial sideband-
Major advantage of single side band is the bandwidth saving, but same time we can save
power also. vestigial sideband basically used for TV video transmission, a system in
which a vestige, i.e. trace of the unwanted sideband transmitted usually with full carrier.

First Symbol
This tells the type of modulation on the main carrier wave. This includes:
N No modulation.
A Amplitude modulated, double sideband.
H Amplitude modulated, single sideband and carrier wave.
J Amplitude modulated, single sideband, suppressed carrier wave.
F Frequency modulated.
G Phase modulated.
P Pulse modulated, constant amplitude.
K Pulse modulated, amplitude modulated.

Second Symbol
This designates the nature of the signal or signals modulating the main carrier:

0 No modulating symbol.
1 Single channel containing quantised or digital information without the use of a
modulating sub carrier.
2 Single channel containing quantised or digital information, using a modulating sub-
carrier.
3 Single channel containing analogue information. Two or more channels containing
quantised or digital information.
7 Two or more channels containing analogue information.
8 Composite system comprising 1, 2 or 7 above, with 3 or 8 above.
X Cases not otherwise covered.
Third Symbol
Type of information transmitted. (This does not include information carried by the presence
of the waves.)
N No information transmitted.
A Telegraphy - for aural reception.
B Telegraphy - for automatic reception.
C Facsimile.
D Data transmission, telemetry, telecommand.
E Telephony (including sound broadcasting).
F Television (video).
W Combination of the above.
X Cases not otherwise covered.