EXPERIMENT # 05

6th May, 2008

OBJECT:
Spectroscopic analysis of solutions of KMnO4, K2Cr2O7 and K2CrO4
APPARATUS:
Spectorphotometer and commom laboratory glassware
CHEMICALS:
KMnO4 (0.01 M), K2Cr2O7 (0.01 M) and K2CrO4 (0.01 M)
OBSERVATIONS:

Readings for absorption spectrum

Wavelenght (nm)
380
385
390
395
400
405
410
415
420
425
430
435
440
445
450
455
460
465
470
475
480
485
490
495
500
505

KMnO4 (A) K2Cr2O7 (B)

1.40
0.50
1.47
1.33
1.44
1.50
1.12
1.54
0.21
1.58
0.13
1.61
0.11
1.63
0.10
1.65
0.10
1.65
0.11
1.66
0.11
1.67
0.12
1.67
0.14
1.68
0.16
1.68
0.19
1.68
0.27
1.67
0.5
1.66
1.46
1.66
1.61
1.62
1.67
1.36
1.72
0.35
1.74
0.27
1.75
0.23
1.76
0.20
1.76
0.17
1.76
0.15

Absorbance
K2CrO4 (C)
A+B
0.45
1.38
1.35
1.45
1.50
1.47
1.54
1.49
1.58
1.51
1.61
1.53
1.62
1.54
1.61
1.55
1.57
1.55
1.48
1.55
0.41
1.54
0.26
1.53
0.20
1.51
0.17
1.49
0.15
1.47
0.13
1.46
0.12
1.45
0.11
1.41
0.10
1.34
0.10
0.81
0.10
1.07
0.10
1.50
0.10
1.56
0.10
1.57
0.10
1.61
0.10
1.64

B+C
1.39
1.45
1.48
1.49
1.51
1.53
1.55
1.55
1.56
1.56
1.55
1.54
1.52
1.48
1.39
0.84
0.29
0.15
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.10
0.09
0.08
0.07
1.64

A+ C
1.40
1.45
1.47
1.48
1.49
1.46
0.98
0.21
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.20
0.24
0.36
1.36
1.51
1.60
1.63

510
515
520
525
530
535
540
545
550
555
560
565
570
575
580
585
590
595
600

1.77
1.77
1.78
1.78
1.79
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.81
1.81
1.81
1.81
1.81
1.80
1.74
0.36
0.25
0.22
0.20

0.14
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08

0.10
0.10
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09

1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.67
1.67
1.67
1.68
1.68
1.63
1.53
1.36
0.70
0.30
0.19
0.13
0.10
0.08
0.08

1.64
1.65
1.66
1.67
1.67
1.67
1.67
1.68
1.68
1.63
1.53
1.36
0.70
0.30
0.19
0.13
0.10
0.08
0.08

1.64
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.67
1.68
1.67
1.64
1.52
1.41
0.95
0.31
0.20
0.13
0.10
0.09
0.09

Readings for calibration graphs

Volume (ml)
1
2
3
4
5

KMnO4 (560 nm)

0.09
0.15
0.19
0.24
0.33

Absorption spectrum pure solutions

Absorbance
K2Cr2O7 (445 nm)
0.09
0.12
0.16
0.25
0.42

K2CrO4 (410 nm)

0.08
0.1
0.13
0.19
0.27

The spectrum indicates that Potassium Manganate (VII) shows a maximum absorbance in 500 to
550 nm region.

The spectrum indicates that Potassium Dichromate (VI) shows a maximum absorbance in 400 to
460 nm region.

The spectrum indicates that Potassium Chromate (VI) shows a maximum absorbance in 390 to
420 nm region.

Absorption spectrum of mixtures

The spectrum indicates that mixture of Potassium Manganate (VII) and Potassium Dichromate
(VI) shows a maximum absorbance in 380 to 460 nm and 500 to 550 nm regions.

The spectrum indicates that mixture of Potassium Dichromate (VI) and Potassium Chromate (VI)
shows a maximum absorbance in 400 to 450 nm and 520 to 550 nm regions.

The spectrum indicates that mixture of Potassium Manganate (VII) and Potassium Chromate
(VI) shows a maximum absorbance in 380 to 410 nm and 500 to 550 nm regions.

Calibration Curves

KMnO4 (0.01 M)

Volume (ml) in 10 ml
1
2
3
4
5

Wavelength = 560 nm
Path Length = 1 cm
Molar Absorptivity () = 57 M-1cm-1

Concentration (M)
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005

Absorbance (560 nm)

0.09
0.15
0.19
0.24
0.33

K2Cr2O7 (0.01 M)

Volume (ml) in 10 ml
1
2
3
4
5

Wavelength = 445 nm
Path Length = 1 cm
Molar Absorptivity () = 79 M-1cm-1

Concentration (M)
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005

Absorbance (445 nm)

0.09
0.12
0.16
0.25
0.42

K2CrO4

Volume (ml) in 10 ml
1
2
3
4
5

Wavelength = 410 nm
Path Length = 1 cm
Molar Absorptivity () = 47 M-1cm-1

Concentration (M)
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005

Absorbance (410 nm)

0.08
0.1
0.13
0.19
0.27

RESULT

Absorbance Spectrum
Solution
KMnO4
K2Cr2O7
K2CrO4
KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7
K2Cr2O7 and K2CrO4
KMnO4 and K2CrO4

Absorbance Region (nm)

500 550
400 460
390 420
380 460 and 500 550
400 450 and 520 550
380 410 and 500 550

Calibration Curves
Solution
KMnO4
K2Cr2O7
K2CrO4

Wavelength (nm)
560
445
410

Molar Absorptivity (M-1cm-1)

57
79
47