BB Catalogue June 2013

Catalogue
version 3.1
Breathing Buildings
is the UKs leading
low energy ventilation
company a spinout from
Cambridge University
that is changing the world
of natural ventilation.
Contents
01
Breathing Buildings | Catalogue
Breathing Buildings
04 What is Natural Ventilation
05 Why Use Natural Ventilation
07 The Breathing Buildings Difference
08 Smart Ventilation Systems
Other System Components
48 Phase Change Material
51 Window Actuation
52 Dampers
53 Natural Ventilation without Mixing
53 Natural Ventilation with Cooling
New Products
54 FX Series
55 NVHR - Natural Ventilation and Heat Recovery
Systems overview
R Series
13 Product Information
14 Dimensions
15 Performance
& Installation
16 Terminations
18 Controls & Interface
18 System Schematic
& Wiring
19 Natural Ventilation
Delivered
S Series
22 Dimensions
23 Performance
& Installation
24 Terminations
29 System Schematic
& Wiring
30 Thermal Modelling
A Series
36 Dimensions
37 Installation
40 System Schematic
& Wiring
F Series
44 Dimensions
45 Performance
& Installation
47 System Schematic
& Wiring
Summer Strategy
Upwards Displacement Ventilation
Winter Strategy
Mixing Ventilation
03 02
Breathing Buildings
Breathing Buildings is the UKs leading low energy
ventilation company a spinout from Cambridge University
that is changing the world of natural ventilation
Use Our Services
If you are interested in creating a low energy building then we are
ideally placed to assist you with the ventilation strategy for your
project. Our website provides an array of information including a
design tool which can be used to get started on the design of the
ventilation system for certain room types.
Our engineers also provide assistance and our frst consultation
visit is free of charge. If the project is relatively straightforward then
we may suggest a range of options during the meeting and then
work with the project team to develop the scheme further. We also
offer site visits to existing installations so that clients can see our
systems in operation and talk to the end-users.
If the building is more complex then we might suggest that in-
depth modelling is required, in which case we will discuss how to
work as part of the design team to develop the optimal low energy
ventilation strategy.
Innovation

Our research and development is on-going. Whilst the e-stack
system is ideal for certain building types in the UK climate, there
are further opportunities to reduce the energy consumption of the
built environment by integrating our system with other building
technologies and extending the range of building types and climate
zones in which our product can operate.
We have developed an integrated heating control system which
is now installed in a number of buildings. We also collaborate with
the University of Cambridges Undergraduate Research projects.
Our research and development team continue to work on a
number of fascinating projects with new product launches planned.
Awards
Breathing Buildings Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered Offce: The Courtyard, 15 Sturton Street, Cambridge, CB1 2SN. Registered No. 05676785
For more information
01223 450060
info@breathingbuildings.com
www.breathingbuildings.com
What We Do For Our Clients
Our mission is simple
We aim to help clients create the lowest energy building possible
with minimum associated CO2 emissions and capital cost, whilst
providing appropriate levels of ventilation and thermal comfort
at all times of the year.
Design consulting
We have a wealth of experience and unique airfow modelling
capabilities which enable us to devise the most appropriate
natural or hybrid ventilation strategies for any building. We offer
design consulting services as part of a building design team.
Natural Ventilation products
The natural ventilation product range which we supply includes
the e-stack system as well as standard dampers and louvres.
The systems are ideally suited to a variety of building types
including school classrooms, halls, offces, theatres, healthcare
and retail buildings.
Our Customers and Partners

Breathing Buildings customer base is varied: already e-stack
ventilation systems are operating in over 80 different schools
in the UK, as well as theatres, halls and supermarkets.
The team also has design experience in more than 50 buildings
across auditoria, shopping centres, multi-storey offces and
apartment buildings.
We work closely with partners which enables us to offer
complementary sustainable building technologies and hybrid
solutions where necessary. Our partners include Modcell
(carbon negative straw bale construction panels), Mitsubishi
(provider of air conditioning systems) and Price Industries
who are providing e-stack products in North America.
Installation and After Sales Support

We offer a turnkey solution for our clients, including design support,
control system integration, installation, fnal inspection, service
agreements and on-going monitoring. We will work with you from
start to fnish to ensure a successful project.
A research programme at the university
created a new concept for ventilation
that combines the principles of natural
mixing ventilation in winter and natural
upward displacement ventilation in
summer. This was patented in 2005
and the company was set up to develop
an easy-to-install system derived from
the patent, and to provide the resulting
e-stack product range to the industry.
05 04
What is Natural Ventilation Why Use Natural Ventilation
Natural ventilation is the process of using natural
air movement, caused by the effects of wind and
buoyancy, to provide fresh air into buildings
The built environment accounts for
around 45% of the energy consumption
in developed countries
Naturally ventilated buildings use roughly 60% less
energy than a traditional mechanically ventilated, air
conditioned building. Naturally ventilated buildings are
therefore typically more effcient than mechanically
ventilated ones.
In order to reduce the burden on the energy supply
system and to reduce carbon emissions, there is a
drive to make buildings even more energy effcient.
Although switching from mechanical to natural
ventilation is one way of achieving this, the UK is
seeking even more savings. One of the potential
savings identifed is a reduction in heating
requirements of buildings through improvements in the
thermal envelope of buildings. Part L of the Building
Regulations is changed around every four years,
with requirements for lower U-values and more air-
tight buildings, leading to lower heat losses and less
infltration. This makes complete sense especially
during periods of low or zero occupancy; for example
it helps to reduce the pre-heat requirement on a cold
winter morning. However, it also means that rooms
need to be ventilated with a ventilation system during
occupied hours in winter when occupants are unlikely
to open windows.
In high summer, the improvements in building fabric
can help protect the interior from the hot external
air. This is particularly helpful when the interior is
comprised of thermal mass which has been night-
cooled. In this case a ventilation system is needed
which provides purge ventilation at night and minimum
ventilation during the day.
The net result of the changes to Building Regulations
is that properly controlled airfow is required both in
winter and summer. An intelligently controlled natural
ventilation system is one of the key ingredients for a
successful building.
Breathing Buildings has signifcant experience
helping teams to design both simple buildings and
complicated spaces.
By understanding these factors and sizing the
system correctly we can design a natural ventilation
system that provides appropriate air fow without the
need for a mechanical system. Most building types
are suitable for natural ventilation including homes,
offces, schools, theatres and healthcare centres.
More careful design is required when there are
specifc acoustic requirements.
This contrasts with mechanical ventilation
which uses electrical energy to drive air into
those spaces.
In its simplest form natural ventilation is
opening windows to allow air into and out of
a room. This solution might be appropriate
if the requirements are simply some fresh
air in the immediate proximity of the window.
However, there are many other factors
which need to be addressed by natural
ventilation systems; these include:
Thermal comfort - avoiding cold draughts
in colder weather and preventing
overheating in hotter conditions.
Energy use - minimizing heating energy
in winter and any energy used by
supplemental cooling systems (if present)
in summer.
Air distribution - designing the location
of vents so that air fows are distributed
throughout the occupied zones.
Temperature stratication - designing
the natural ventilation system to maximise
the benefts of vertical stratifcation in both
summer and winter.
Heat gains and occupancy - incorporating
a control system which enables the natural
ventilation system to respond to changes in
occupancy and heat gain.
We do not leave you once our
systems are installed, unlike
others in our industry
07
The Breathing Buildings philosophy of
natural ventilation stems from pioneering
research at Cambridge University
The research at Cambridge identifed a paradox with
ventilation - many naturally ventilated buildings were
found to use more energy than mechanically ventilated
ones! This was solved by developing a new approach
to natural ventilation which is now completely changing
the industry.
The traditional method of naturally ventilating a building
was to bring air in at one location and to exhaust it
from another. In winter, the problem of cold draughts
was overcome by pre-heating the air with a radiator or
other such device. However, in modern well insulated
buildings, if the cold fresh air has been pre-heated to
16C by a radiator then the space becomes incredibly
hot if the ventilation rate is limited to the minimum
required in terms of CO2 levels. This results in spaces
being over-ventilated, and therefore the radiators emitting
more heat to pre-heat higher quantities of cold air.
This conundrum was solved by treating the heat gains
in the space as a beneft to be used rather than a
problem. A new method of naturally ventilating a building
in winter was devised which requires the incoming
cold fresh air to be mixed with warm room air before
it reaches occupants. With this winter mixing natural
ventilation strategy, the heat gains in the space are
used to effectively pre-heat the air and the heating
bills for naturally ventilated buildings can be reduced
dramatically; by 50% over the whole year.
In warmer weather, when cold draughts are no longer a
problem, the strategy reverts back to the conventional
displacement natural ventilation concept. If openings are
available at lower level then these are used as the infow
and the higher level vents provide the exhaust.
The patented system developed by Breathing Buildings
which utilises the pioneering concept is called the
e-stack. In order to quantify the energy savings of
the e-stack system, in-depth IES modelling has been
undertaken to compare the performance of various
ventilation strategies.
The poorest system in terms of energy use is in fact
the traditional opening window or low level damper
with integrated heating element. The amount of heating
energy expended in overcoming the cold draught
problem is simply heinous! The excessive heating
energy use by this type of system has now resulted
in the regulations for new schools in the UK Priority
Schools Building Programme stating that fresh air must
be pre-mixed in winter.
The next best option is the use of mechanical ventilation
with heat recovery (MVHR) in colder weather and in
bypass mode in warmer weather. If opening windows
are available, then the mechanical ventilation system is
only used in colder weather and opening windows are
used in warmer weather. However, both of these options
use a considerable amount of electricity through the use
of fans driving the fow.
The lowest energy solution is the e-stack system. The
heating energy use (denoted by the red portion on the
bar chart) is marginally higher than with MVHR, but the
fan power is considerably lower. This is because the
fans within the e-stack system are used for mixing rather
than driving the fow through ducts and mixing is a much
lower energy process.
Winter mixing uses the heat gains in
the space to pre-heat the air,
06
The Breathing Buildings Dierence
dramatically
reducing
heating bills
by up to 50%
over a year
R Series S Series Atrium Series
09 08
Smart Ventilation Systems
Smart design is important but we want to
change the world of ventilation and
we have the product range to help you
01 02 03
Facade Series
04
01
02
03
04
11 10
Systems Overview
R Series
01
02
03
04
05
The R Series unit is a ceiling mounted unit that
has been designed to ventilate a room with
occupancies from 10 to 35 people. The split shaft
provides infow and outfow in winter and can
combine with opening windows in the summer to
create a stack effect. Integrated fans mitigate cold
draughts in a low energy way delivering appropriate
ventilation and superb thermal comfort as well as
providing fan boost and night cool functionality.
S Series
Atrium Series
Facade Series
Terminals
The S Series unit is a ceiling mounted unit that
comes in 3 sizes S1500, S1200 and S1000.
The S1500 has been designed to ventilate a
room with occupancies from 35 to 100 people, the
S1200 for spaces with occupancies of 15 to 35.
S1000 units are suitable for spaces with lower heat
gains or when operating as multiple units. For larger
spaces multiple S Series units are installed and
can be controlled independently or in zones. The
split shaft provides infow and outfow in winter and
can combine with opening windows or dampers in
the summer when available to create a
stack effect. Integrated fans mitigate cold
draughts in a low energy way delivering
appropriate ventilation and superb thermal
comfort as well as providing fan boost and
night cool functionality.
When vents or windows are located at the top of
atria in multi-storey buildings then these can be
used for in- and out-fow in colder weather. When
the atrium is warmer than the outside then air will
come in and out of the high level windows if all
other doors and windows lower in the building are
closed. Unlike a classroom situation, the air which
enters through high level windows in an atrium
can fall 10+ metres before reaching occupants.
The descending plumes of relatively cold, dense
air can therefore entrain suffcient atrium air before
reaching occupants so that cold draughts are
avoided naturally.
The F Series is designed for a standard school
classroom with an elevated facade. If there is a
clerestory window concept as indicated in the
fgure shown then the unit will operate in single
sided mixing ventilation mode in winter and in
displacement cross-fow ventilation in summer.
Without an elevated facade the F500 units or our
new FX units operate as a pair to provide ventilation.
13
The R Series is our most popular unit.
Designed for a space the size of a
standard school classroom, ventilation
is provided through a split shaft
giving access to the roof
The R Series unit is a ceiling mounted unit
that has been designed to...
12
R Series
Product Information
Features
Low energy mixing fans to mitigate against cold
draughts in winter
Summer exhaust boost mode
Night cooling
Insulated volume control damper with spring return
ensures appropriate ventilation rates
Internal temperature sensor with integrated
CO
2
sensor
External temperature sensor
Integral control responds to environmental conditions
Traffc light indicator panel for window opening
Mill fnish pre-galvanised steel
Ready ftted mounting brackets
Three choices of mixed air delivery direction
Key switch for automatic operation; test
Combined internal temperature and CO
2
sensor
Options
Penthouse louvre or mushroom terminal
Integrated noise attenuation unit offering 25dB
for noisy sites, more available on request
Patented heating control strategy ensures
minimum energy use
Control signal for automated actuation of low level
windows or dampers
Modbus link for integration into wider Building
Management Systems (BMS)
Eggcrate grilles

Air Flow Strategies
Summer Mode
When it is warm outside the system operates in upfow
displacement mode, using the stack effect to achieve high
air fow rates and keep the room at a pleasant temperature.
Fan boost and night cooling modes offer greater
thermal comfort in exceptional summer conditions.
Winter Mode
When the outside temperature becomes too low to bring
directly onto the occupants the R Series unit operates
as infow and outfow. The fans in the unit pre-mix the
incoming air with air from within the room, preventing the
need for wasteful pre-heating.
The split shaft provides inow and outow
in winter and combines with opening
windows in the summer to create a stack
eect. Integrated fans mitigate cold draughts
in a low energy way delivering appropriate
ventilation and superb thermal comfort with
fan boost and night cooling as standard.
ventilate a room
with occupancies
from 10-35 people.
15 14
R Series Dimensioned Drawing Performance Installation
The R Series comes with fxing brackets.
The e-stack unit can be hung from 4 no. pieces
of M10 studding of maximum length 1200mm.
The unit can be lifted into place and four M10
Studding (drop-rods) are brought through the holes
on the end of the brackets, positioned and secured
in place using a pair of M10 full nuts
per bracket.
Alternatively a cradle can be formed from a unistrut
channel, with vertical support studding attaching to
either side of the cradle on which
sits the e-stack unit.
Dimensions
H 500 mm
D 950 mm
W 1,600 mm
Weight 110 Kg
Physical area 0.75 m
2
Effective Area (A*) 0.6 m
2
Finish Mill (RAL at additional cost)
Electrical
Power Rating 0.1 kW
Voltage 230V AC (+- 10%)
Full load current 0.5A
Short Circuit Rating N/A - Control only
Earth Leakage <3.5 mA
www.breathingbuildings.com/downloads
Acoustic performance Sound Power (dB) Overall Ambient
Frequency Band (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k dB (A) dB (A)
#
Winter Slow 41 47 38 35 30 26 18* 24* 36.8 32.8
Winter Fast 44 50 41 38 34 28 18* 24* 39.6 34.4
Summer Boost 44 46 42 40 37 29 18* 24* 39.1 35.0
* denotes results at background
# Ambient sound pressure in typical classroom for BB93
U-Value
Part L2a requirement 3.5 (W/m
2
K)
R Series 3.4 (W/m
2
K)
Damper section <0.8 (W/m
2
K)
Damper air leakage
Part L2a requirement 10 m
3
/h/m
2
R Series 2.9 m
3
/h/m
2
Tested at 50 Pa across whole damper unit
Conformity
CE marking Yes
BB93 (standard room) Yes
Mixed air temperatures at the occupied zone
Internal Temperature
E
x
t
e
r
n
a
l

T
e
m
p
21 22 23 24 25
10 19.5 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5
12 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5
10 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5
4 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5
Based on fresh air fow rate of 150 l/s, 30 people at 5 litres/person/s
R Series continued
R & S-Series Unit
(10 amp supply)
D
Traffic Lights
Red / Blue
T

TC
+CO2

L

TC
External

External
Temperature
E
Combined Room
Temp/CO2 sensors
Secret Auto / Test Switch
with rocker switch override
W
LED Panel
Mains Fused
Un-switched
connecton Unit
F
Fire
Healthy
Signal
Two Port
Radiator Valve
M
Modbus
T-Piece
Provided by
Breathing
Buildings
M
E-Stack network
M
R1
R2
Wall Damper
Window
Actuator
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Y
P
Optional
5
0
0

500
5
0
0

ACTUATOR COVER
(A) SIDE
(C) SIDE
(B) SIDE
CL

CL
CL
CONTROL
BOX
FAN
C
A
B
ADDITIONAL COST
COST
ORDERING
BE USED
CONTROL BOX LOCATION
DO NOT DRILL THROUGH
THIS AREA - ACCESS FOR
CABLES TO LEFT-SIDE OF
SPACE ENVELOPE (500X500)
17 16
R Series continued
R Series Terminations Installation Penthouse Louvre Dimensioned Drawing
Mushroom Terminal
Shaft
Breathing Buildings offer two roof terminations,
the penthouse louvre or the mushroom.
The penthouse louvre is the most common type
of terminal and is frequently associated with a
natural ventilation system. We offer a double bladed
system as standard which offers class A weather
performance with a triple bladed system for sites
where better weather performance is required.
The standard terminal comes in RAL 7035
(Light Grey) with corner posts and gabled roof
but other options and sizes are available.
The mushroom terminal is an unobtrusive alternative
to the traditional bladed metal louvre and has better
noise attenuation properties. The terminal is RAL
7035 (Light Grey) as standard but other colours are
available on request.
Both terminals offer optional acoustic attenuation.
A weathered builders curb around the perimeter of
the roof penetration and shaft to the e-stack supports
the roof termination which is usually a minimum
height of 150mm above the fnish roof surface.
Once in place the roof terminal is fxed to the curb
using self tapping screws at a maximum separation
of 500mm. Once installed a bead of mastic or similar
is laid around the perimeter of the overcurb.
An insulated shaft needs to be constructed by others
between the bottom of the roof termination and the
R series indoor unit. A rubber seal is provided on the
top of the e-stack indoor unit to ensure air tightness
with the bottom edge of the shaft. Breathing Buildings
has no preference as to the material of the shaft.
Previous examples have utilised the concrete sofft,
plywood, plasterboard, and ductwork. This is sized
to ft the damper (1550mm x 900mm). The terminal
height is pre-ftted with a divider.
The shaft is to be divided into two pathways vertically
for separation of infow and outfow. Usually this is
constructed from either plywood, plasterboard or
galvanised steel etc. and does not require insulation.
Note that the split is not equal, with the larger section
above the e-stack fan.
The vertical divider extends from just above the
dampers (typ. 25mm above) on top of the e-stack
unit to the underside of the acoustic attenuator or
the penthouse louvre roof terminal.
Physical properties
Typical weight 180 Kg
Finish standard RAL 7035
Finish options Standard RAL
Lifting points Eyes supplied on request
Standard attenuation 5 dB
Optional attenuation 25 dB
Shaft dimensions
W 1550 mm
D 900 mm
Weather performance
Double blade Triple blade
Performance Class A up to 1 m/s
airfow face velocity
Class A up to 2 m/s
airfow face velocity
Physical properties
Height (Inc. base) 945 mm
Curb dimensions 1850 (l) x 1200 (w) x 150 (h)
Lifting points Eyes supplied on request
Optional attenuation 21 - 28 dB
Shaft dimensions
W 1550 mm
D 900 mm
Test involves simulated rainfall of 75l/h at a wind speed of 13m/s (29 mph).
Full BSRIA weather performance test data available on request
Weather performance
Water testing has been carried out at the BRE
using test method prEN 15601Hygrothermal
performance of buildingsresistance to wind
driven rain coverings with discontinuously laid
small elements. The terminal was subject to
75mm/hr/m
2
at a driving wind speed of 30mph
(13.4 m/s). Water ingress during the tests was
too small to measure in meaningful terms.
19 18
R Series continued
R Series Control and Interface
System Schematic and Wiring
Natural Ventilation Delivered
The R Series units have an integral control panel
which provides power for the e-stack fans and
damper and interfaces to the ancillary components
e.g. sensors, switches, etc. The control panel
does not have any controlling elements which are
serviceable to the user. Power is provided by others.
The sensors are wired to the units by others using
4 core, screen cabling such as CY Cable or Trend
Cable TP/2/2/22/HF/200.
The units have an optional interface with a building
management system (BMS) using a series of
pre-defned modbus points.
Breathing Buildings e-stack systems do not form
part of a fre strategy. However, e-stacks are able to
react to a fre condition to close the damper and stop
fans if a fre interface is desired and agreed with
Building Control.
Winter supply
In winter ventilation it is important to balance
the ventilation requirements with heating and
thermal comfort. As you can see from chart 01
even when the outside temperature is below
5C we are able to successfully mitigate cold
draughts, the supply temperature remaining
at a comfortable level.
Chart 02 looks at the daily average CO2 levels
in the space during the winter months, which
BB101 requires to be below a daily average of
1,500ppm.
Summer supply
In summer ventilation the primary concern with
BB101 is ensuring that the ventilation rates are
adequate to prevent the rooms from overheating.
Using our e-stack units we are able to achieve
this even when the outside temperature climbs
above 30C. (Chart 03).
Chart 04 looks at the daily average CO2 levels
in the space during the summer months, which
confrms that average remained below the BB101
requirement of 1,500ppm.
Close Window Open Window
on
off
test
R Series unit
13A Double Pole Switched Fused
Connection Unit (FCU) for complete isolation
Room temperature
and CO2 sensor
4-core CY cable
5-core CY cable
4-core YY cable
4-core YY cable
LED Interface
Key switch
We are proud of our understanding
of natural ventilation and our ability
to deliver low energy buildings with
great internal environments. We have
monitored several installations to
make sure that they are ventilating
properly and mitigating cold draughts.
These charts show data from Linton
Village College where we installed
e-stack, roof based units
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
22/11/201022/11/201023/11/201023/11/201024/11/201024/11/201025/11/201025/11/201026/11/201026/11/201027/11/2010
T
e
m
p
e
ra
tu
re
[ oC
]
External temperature
Room temperature
Supply temperature
f 22/11/2010 23/11/2010 24/11/2010 25/11/2011 26/11/2010
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
05/07/10 06/07/10 07/07/10 08/07/10 09/07/10 10/07/10
T
e
m
p
e
ra
tu
re
( oC
)
Summer
External temperature
Room temperature
f 28/06/2010 29/06/2010 30/06/2010 01/07/2010 02/07/2010
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500
P
e
rce
n
tag
e
o
f d
ays at o
r ab
o
ve
a g
ive
n
C
O
2 le
ve
l (%
)
Daily occupied average CO2 level (ppm)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500
P
ercen
tag
e o
f d
ays at o
r ab
o
ve a g
iven
C
O
2 level (%
)
Daily occupied average CO2 (ppm)
02
03
01
04
21
The S Series is designed for larger spaces
such as school halls, theatres or rooms
with high occupancy. Ventilation is provided
through a split shaft giving access to the roof
The S Series unit is
a ceiling mounted
unit that comes
in 3 sizes S1500,
S1200 and S1000.
The S1500 has been designed to ventilate a
room with occupancies from 35 to 100 people,
the S1200 for spaces with occupancies of
15 to 35. S1000 units are suitable for spaces
with lower heat gains or when operating as
multiple units. For larger spaces multiple
S Series units are installed and can be
controlled independently or in zones.
20
S Series
Product Information
Features
draughts in winter
Night cooling
Insulated volume control damper with spring return
ensures appropriate ventilation rates
CO2 sensor
Three choices of mixed air delivery direction
Key switch for automatic operation; test
2
sensor
Options
Low level control panel
Penthouse louvre or mushroom terminal
Integrated noise attenuation unit offering 25dB for
noisy sites, more available on request
Patented heating control strategy ensures minimum
energy use
Control signal for automated actuation of low level
windows or dampers
Modbus link for integration into
wider Building Management
Systems (BMS)
Eggcrate grilles

Air Flow Strategies
Summer Mode
Fan boost and night cooling modes offer greater thermal
comfort in exceptional summer conditions.
Winter Mode
directly onto the occupants the S Series unit operates
as infow and outfow. The fans in the unit pre-mix the
incoming air with air from within the room, preventing
the need for wasteful pre-heating.
The split shaft provides infow and outfow in winter
and can combine with opening windows or dampers
in the summer to create a stack effect. Integrated fans
mitigate cold draughts in a low energy way delivering
appropriate ventilation and superb thermal comfort as
well as providing fan boost and night cool functionality.
23 22
S1500 Dimensioned Drawing Performance Installation
The S Series comes with fxing brackets.
in place using a pair of M10 full nuts per bracket.
Alternatively a cradle can be formed from a
unistrut channel, with vertical support studding
attaching to either side of the cradle on which sits
the e-stack unit.
Dimensions
H 500 mm
D 1,575 mm
W 1,575 mm
Weight 168 Kg
2
2
Finish Galvanised
(RAL at additional cost)
Electrical
Power Rating 0.1 kW
#
Winter Slow 41 42 39 38 34 24 18* 24* 38.7 31.7
Winter Fast 46 47 44 42 40 30 18* 24* 43.5 33.8
Summer Boost 41 41 40 40 38 28 18* 24* 41.1 32.6
S Series continued
6
3
0
4
0
0
1575 75
1475 2
3
0
1425
4
0
0
3
9
5

mixed air delivery
open both sides
C
L
1
5
7
5
CL 1649
1
8
8
.5
1
0
6
.5 CL 1753
C
L
1
5
2
0
1
4
1713.1
TOP VIEW
Removable electrical
connection access box
1575
1475
RIGHT SIDE VIEW
insulated control damper
neoprene seal
1
4
1
7
1477
UNDERSIDE VIEW control panel
FRONT VIEW
BACK VIEW
mixed air delivery
open both sides
Notes:
Weight - 168kg 1.
Finish - Galvanized Steel as standard or RAL 9010 2.
available on request at additional cost
Unit shown without grilles. Grilles available on request at 3.
additional cost
Unit supplied with mounting brackets 4.
ISOMETRIC TOPSIDE VIEW
1532 1799
to
su
it h
e
ig
h
t
A
B
DETAIL A
SCALE 1 : 5
trimmer steels
(by others)
Steel roof structure
(by others)
12 mmdrop rod
(by others)
DETAIL B
SCALE 1 : 5
Support bracket
by Breathing buildings
12 mmdrop rod
(by others)
E stack unit S1500
C
DETAIL C
SCALE 1 : 2
Notes:
Shaft removed for clarity
Shown with e-stack fixing brackets, provided at additional cost
1 2 3 4
C
D
8
A
B
Suggested fixing with e-
stack brackets
A3
SHEET 1 OF 1 SCALE 1:20
DWG NO.
DATE SIGNATURE NAME
Q.A
APPV'D
CHK'D
DRAWN
Third Angle
Projection
Do not scale
drawing
Surface texture to be
umRa or better
Tolerances unless
otherwise stated
x.xx = +/- 0.05
x = +/- 0.5
angles +/- 0.5
Dimension in mm
FINISH: FINISH
MATERIAL: MATERIAL
Revision
Rev A XBBC-100621-05
XC 15/07/2010
E
DEBUR AND BREAK SHARP EDGEs AND HOLES.
iTEM MUST BE FREE FRO SCRATCHES, DENTS
AND OTHER BLEMISHES
TITLE:
MFG
U-Value
2
K)
S Series 3.4 (W/m
2
K)
2
K)
Damper air leakage
3
/h/m
2
S Series 2.9 m
3
/h/m
2
Conformity
CE marking Yes
E
x
t
e
r
n
a
l

T
e
m
p
21 22 23 24 25
10 19.5 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5
12 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5
10 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5
4 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5
Based on fresh air fow rate of 150 l/s, 30 people at 5 litres/person/s
25 24
S Series Terminations Installation
Shaft
Breathing Buildings offer two roof terminations, the
penthouse louvre or the mushroom.
The penthouse louvre is the most common type
of terminal and is frequently associated with a
natural ventilation system. We offer a double bladed
system as standard which offers class A weather
performance with a triple bladed system for sites
where better weather performance is required.
The standard terminal comes in RAL 7035
(Light Grey) with corner posts and gabled roof
but other options and sizes are available.
The mushroom terminal is an unobtrusive alternative
to the traditional bladed metal louvre and has better
noise attenuation properties. The terminal is RAL
7035 (Light Grey) as standard but other colours are
available on request.
Both terminals offer optional acoustic attenuation.
A weathered builders curb around the perimeter of
the roof penetration and shaft to the e-stack supports
the roof termination which is usually a minimum
height of 150mm above the fnish roof surface. Once
in place the roof terminal is fxed to the curb using
self tapping screws at a maximum separation of
500mm. Once installed a bead of mastic or similar
is laid around the perimeter of the overcurb.
When used with a louvred terminal the shaft is
divided with a central circular duct (annulus) mounted
within the square shaft. The duct commences
immediately above the horizontal damper at the
base of the shaft and should extend to the base of
the terminal.
When a penthouse louvre terminal is used the duct
extends up through the shaft to mid-way up the
penthouse louvre. At this point the circular duct meets
a square horizontal plate with a circular hole in the
middle. In winter mixing mode the cold fresh air is
drawn in through the top of the penthouse louvre
and down through the middle of the duct. Exhaust
air exits from the room around the outside of the duct
and out of the lower half of the penthouse louvres.
When a mushroom termination is used a square duct
separates the mixed air delivery within the shaft. The
duct is located in the corner of the shaft forming an
L shape in plan view. The shaft divided starts at the
top of the S Series unit and fnishes at roof level.
Physical properties
Lifting points Eyes supplied as standard
Optional attenuation 25 dB
1800 10 overcurb
(including flashing)
1500 10 shaft opening
F
F
M M
1800 10 overcurb
(including flashing)
1200 10
7
2
5
fo
r 1
2
5
0
m
m

lo
u
v
re
h
e
ig
h
t
ro
o
f te
rm
in
a
l
5
0
1
5
0
m
in
h
e
ig
h
t to
su
it
1500 10 shaft opening
1
6
0
E
E
L
N
SECTION F-F
timber cap
(by others)
SECTION E-E
1
6
0
DETAIL L
SCALE 1 : 5
50mmmax. interior
shaft insulation
(by others)
shaft wall
(by others)
cylindrical
divider
(by others)
insulation
starts
160mm
above base
of shaft
BASE OF SHAFT
1
2
0
0
1
0
1500 10
1
5
0
0
1
0
50 insulation thickness
SECTION M-M
circular divider
(by others)
brackets and method
of fixing to be
provided by others
150
5
0
DETAIL N
SCALE 1 : 5
timber cap
(by others)
shaft insulation
(by others)
shaft wall
(by others) TOP OF KERB
Counter sunk
screw or recess
head of roof
screw
Test involves simulated rainfall of 75l/h at a wind speed of 13m/s (29 mph).
Full BSRIA weather performance test data available on request
Shaft dimensions
W 1,550 mm
D 1,550mm
Weather performance
Double blade Triple blade
Performance Class A up to 1 m/s
face velocity
Class A up to 2 m/s
face velocity
S1500 Penthouse Louvre Dimensioned Drawing
S Series continued
27 26
S1500 Mushroom Terminal Dimensioned Drawing S 1200 Dimensioned Drawing
Physical properties
Max Height (Dome to sill bottom) 875 mm
Max Length (across dome) 2170 mm
Max Width (across dome) 2170 mm
Height above curb
Typical weight
Finish
780 mm
<140 kg
RAL 7035 Grey standard.
Other RAL colours available
at additional cost
Lifting points Not ftted
Key dimensions
Overcurb 1800 x 1800 mm
Shaft 1500 x 1500 mm
Curb Height 150 mm
Curb Thickness 150 mm
Weather performance
Water testing has been carried out at the BRE
using test method prEN 15601Hygrothermal
performance of buildingsresistance to wind
driven rain coverings with discontinuously laid
small elements. The mushroom profle terminal
was subject to 75mm/hr/m
2
at a driving wind
speed of 30mph (13.4 m/s). Water ingress
during the tests was too small to measure in
meaningful terms.
6
3
0
5
0
0
1540
1276 75
1
3
0
4
6
5
1126
4
0
0
mixed air delivery
open both sides
1
2
3
2
1500
1540
1
2
7
5
1350
6
7
8
.5
5
9
6
.5
TOP VIEW
1275
1192
RIGHT SIDE VIEW
insulated control damper
neoprene seal
1
1
1
7
1178
UNDERSIDE VIEW
control panel
FRONT VIEW
BACK VIEW
mixed air delivery
open both sides
Notes:
Weight - 130kg 1.
additional cost
Unit shown with e-stack mounting brackets at additional 4.
cost.
ISOMETRIC TOPSIDE VIEW
Dimensions
H 500 mm
D 1,275 mm
W 1,275 mm
Weight 130 Kg
2
2
Finish Galvanised
Electrical
Power Rating 0.1 kW
Refer to drawings XBBC-100706-02 RevA
Frequency Band (Hz) 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k dB (A) dB (A)
#
Winter Slow 35 29 26 20 16 18* 24* 28.6 30.7
Winter Fast 44 38 36 22 33 18* 24* 37.1 33.1
Summer Boost 39 35 36 32 28 18* 24* 36.3 32.7
63
32
39
33
S Series continued
8
7
5

A
A
SIDE VIEW
2169
TOP VIEW
ISOMETRIC VIEW
1830
Overcurb 1800
+
-
20
5
Curb
width
150
7
7
7
.5
0

A
SECTION A-A
Internal dividing
walls for use with
S1500L
11.75
5
0

1
0
0

15
DETAIL A
SCALE 1 : 5
Packing
material
Space for
roofing felt
Curb
Fixing
centre
NOTES
Provisional design, subject to change - S1500 MushroomRoof Terminal (MRT) 1.
C10-6
RAL 7035 as standard. Available in other standard RAL colours at additional cost 2.
When installed, suitable packing must be used between mushroomskirt and 3.
curb side - see detail A
Compatable with S1500L only when used with e-stack: S-Series range 4.
For shaft dimensions and splitter details see installation drawing for S1500L 5.
S Series Control and Interface
The S Series units have an integral control panel which
provides power for the e-stack fans and damper and
interfaces to the ancillary components e.g. Sensors,
switches, etc. The control panel does not have any
controlling elements which are serviceable to the user.
Power is provided by others. The sensors are wired to
the units by others using 4 core, screen cabling such as
CY Cable or Trend Cable TP/2/2/22/HF/200.
Breathing Buildings e-stack systems do not form part of
a fre strategy. However, e-stacks are able to react to a
fre condition to close the damper and stop fans if a fre
interface is desired and agreed with Building Control.
When ftted at high level such as in a sports hall we
recommend the installation of a low level control panel,
which replaces the on-board controller. Please contact
us to discuss your project specifc requirements.
29 28
S1000 Dimensioned Drawing
3
9
2

5
0
0

882
FRONT
CONTROL
BOX 900
1000
6
3
0

1
3
0

LEFT
1000
1103
RIGHT

C
L
1
0
6
3

CL 925
TOP

8
4
9

FIXING BRACKET
TEMP SENSOR
FAN MODULE
BOTTOM
INTERNAL CONTROL BOX
ISOMETRIC VIEW
MIXED AIR DELIVERY
CONTROL BOX
840
4
0
0

BACK
NOTES:
ESTIMATED UNIT WEIGHT - 80KG (UNIT WEIGHT NOT ON PALLET) 1.
FINISH - GALV. STEEL AS STANDARD OR RAL 9010, AVAILABLE ON REQUEST AT ADDITIONAL 2.
COST
UNIT SHOWN SUPPLIED WITH MOUNTING BRACKETS 3.
MIXED AIR DELIVERY HANDING TO BE CONFIRMED BY CUSTOMER PRIOR TO ORDERING 4.
E-STAK UNIT CAN BE HUNG FROM 4 NO. STEEL DROP RODS OR CRADLE ARRANGEMENT 5.
Dimensions
H 500 mm
D 1,000 mm
W 1,000 mm
Weight 130 Kg
2
2
Finish Galvanised
Electrical
Power Rating 0.1 kW
Refer to drawings XBBC-100706-02 RevA
Frequency Band (Hz) 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k dB (A) dB (A)
#
Winter Slow 35 29 26 20 16 18* 24* 28.6 30.7
Winter Fast 44 38 36 22 33 18* 24* 37.1 33.1
Summer Boost 39 35 36 32 28 18* 24* 36.3 32.7
63
32
39
33
S Series continued
on
off
test
S-Series Unit
13A Double Pole Switched Fused
Connection Unit (FCU) for complete isolation)
Room temperature
and CO2 sensor
4-core CY cable
5-core CY cable
Key Switch
4-core YY cable
Room Interface
(Red and Blue panel)
On/Off/Test Switch
31 30
S Series continued
Thermal Modelling
Breathing Buildings team of consulting engineers
undertake thermal modelling simulations for every
project at the proposal stage. Our 4DFlo modelling
software uses dynamic thermal modelling calculations,
using a model based on the formulae of CIBSE
Natural Ventilation in Non-Domestic Buildings,
and is compliant with the requirements of CIBSE.
Using 4DFlo dynamic thermal modelling, Breathing
Buildings are able to demonstrate that each room
complies with the Building Regulations Approved
Document Part F as well as the relevant overheating
criteria for the building type. Breathing Buildings
frequently design to BB101 or CIBSE overheating
criteria, but can also meet a clients specifc
requirements.
Breathing Buildings is also at the forefront of design
to meet the new adaptive comfort criteria set out for
the Priority Schools Building Programme and soon to
be outlined by CIBSE.
When required Breathing Buildings can take design
responsibility for the ventilation strategy based on the
calculations prepared using 4DFlo.
Breathing Buildings are also able to aid consultants
in their modelling of e-stack ventilation strategies in
thermal modelling packages such as IES-VE.
Our trained IES-VE users can provide documentation
and face-to-face advice to modellers in order to
accurately represent the e-stacks function.
Our Consulting Engineers also use IES-VE as a
design tool as part of our consultancy work on
larger or more complicated projects.
When the design team has particular concerns about
air distribution or temperature variation across a space,
Breathing Buildings offer consultancy services in CFD
(Computational Fluid Dynamics) using ANSYS CFX
software.
Breathing Buildings support the design team throughout
the design process of a natural ventilation strategy.
From providing advice at the concept stage, through
to detailed calculations as the building layout and detail
design evolves, through to demonstrating compliance
and learning from post-occupancy monitoring.
Modelling is one thing, delivering low
energy buildings is quite another. We work
with our clients throughout a project to
ensure that their energy bills are as low as
possible, including going back to monitor a
project where appropriate. This can also be
valuable for BREEAM as post occupancy
evaluations are an important aspect of the
assessment. The information gained from
the monitoring provides us with a wealth
of information and shows that not only do
we design low-energy buildings we also
deliver them!
33
The A Series is designed for a standard school classroom or offce
where a corridor or atrium is used and which provides access to the
exterior at high level. It is particularly helpful in multi-storey buildings
where it is not feasible to create dedicated shafts through upper
level rooms to provide air pathways to lower foors from the roof
32
A Series
When vents or windows are located at the top of atria
in multi-storey buildings then these can be used for
in- and out-fow in colder weather. When the atrium
is warmer than the outside then air will come in and
out of the high level windows if all other doors and
windows lower in the building are closed. Unlike a
classroom situation, the air which enters through
high level windows in an atrium can fall 10+ metres
before reaching occupants. The descending plumes
of relatively cold, dense air can therefore entrain
suffcient atrium air before reaching occupants so
that cold draughts are avoided naturally.
The A Series units have been designed to provide an
exchange fow between the atrium and occupied rooms
in winter mode. The A 500 units typically operate in pairs
and use low energy fans to drive the exchange fow
through low resistance acoustically attenuated ducts.
The A 400 units work as a standalone system, each one
comprised of a duct with a fan and an adjacent passive
acoustically attenuated duct.
In warmer weather, when fresh air can be brought
into the rooms via facade vents or opening windows
without risk of cold draughts, the strategy changes
to displacement mode. Air is brought into the rooms
through the opening facade vents or windows
and is exhausted into the atrium through all of the
A Series units. In this case the fans are not used
and the fow is completely natural. The exhaust
air rises and leaves the building via the opening
windows or vents atop the atrium. The A 500 units
are ceiling mounted and have been designed to
operate in pairs, providing suffcient ventilation for
occupancy levels of 10 to 35 people. The fans are
used in winter exchange mode and are normally off
in warmer weather when the displacement mode is
used. However, on the hottest days the fans can be
used again but in this case all of the fans operate in
the same direction to provide fan-assisted natural
ventilation exhaust into the atrium.
In summer air is
brought into the
rooms through the
opening facade vents
or windows and is
exhausted into the
atrium through all of
the A Series units.
Product Information
Features
draughts in winter
Acoustic attenuator to provide acoustic
separation of atrium and occupied rooms
Night cooling
CO
2
sensor
Networked, integral controllers report to central
Atlas Control panel to respond to local conditions
Key switch for automatic operation; long term
off; test
2
sensor
Options
Penthouse louvre or mushroom terminal in atrium
Actuated windows or dampers in atrium
Noise attenuation for noisy sites
minimum energy use
Control signal for automated actuation of low
level windows or dampers
Modbus link for integration into wider Building
Eggcrate grilles
Fire dampers

Air Flow Strategies
Summer Mode
When it is warm outside the system operates in
upfow displacement mode, using the stack effect to
achieve high air fow rates and keep the room at a
pleasant temperature.
Fan boost and night cooling modes offer greater
thermal comfort in exceptional summer conditions.
Winter Mode
When the outside temperature becomes too low to
bring directly onto the occupants the A Series units
operate in exchange mode. The building ventilates
naturally by exchanging air naturally between the
atrium and exterior. The occupied rooms exchange
fow using low energy fans within the A Series units,
preventing the need for wasteful preheating of fresh air.
35 34
A Series continued
37 36
Installation
The A Series comes with fxing brackets.
either side of the cradle on which sits the e-stack unit.
#
Winter Slow 45 43 38 34 31 21 18* 24* 36.2 32.5
Winter Fast 46 45 39 36 34 24 18* 24* 38.3 33.4
Summer Boost 46 45 39 36 34 24 18* 24* 38.3 33.4
Crosstalk attenuation Rating
Dn,e,w(C;Ctr)
Frequency Band (Hz) 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k dB (A)
Winter Slow 38 36 43 49 43 38 45 (-3;-8 )dB
A Series continued
A500 Dimensioned Drawing
Dimensions
H 503 mm
D 1,338 mm
W 1,810 mm
Weight 174 Kg
2
2
Finish Mill
Electrical
Power Rating 0.1 kW
Conformity
CE marking Yes
4
7
1
.5
3
1
.5
1458
1
6
4
0
1418
1
8
1
0
1338
TOP VIEW
65
1600
40
RIGHT SIDE VIEW
900
UNDERSIDE VIEW mixed air delivery
FRONT VIEW
60
BACK VIEW
mixed air delivery
Notes:
Weight - 200kg 1.
additional cost
Unit shown with e-stack mounting brackets at additional 4.
cost.
ISOMETRIC UNDERSIDE VIEW
39 38
Installation
The A Series comes with fxing brackets.
Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Insulation of Small Building Elements in accordance with BS EN 20140-10:1992, ISO 140-10:1991
A Series continued
A400 Dimensioned Drawing
Dimensions
H 410 mm
D 1,500 mm
W 1,700 mm
Weight 180 Kg
2
2
Finish Mill
Electrical
Power Rating 0.1 kW
Conformity
CE marking Yes
402 1298
642 CABLE ACCESS
FAN
1743
1825
1700
1
4
3
0
8
1
50
50
1500
4
1
0
1
3
4
MECHANICAL
SIDE
PASSIVE SIDE
ANY DUCT WORK SHOULD MAINTAIN THE
SEPARATION BETWEEN MECHANICAL AND PASSIVE SIDE Acoustic performance Sound Power (dB) Overall Ambient
#
Winter Slow 49 43 27 19 15 14 18* 24* 30.0 30.9
Winter Fast 58 47 33 19 15 14 18* 24* 35.3 32.6
Summer Boost 58 47 33 19 15 14 18* 24* 35.3 32.6
Crosstalk attenuation Rating
Dn,e,w(C;Ctr)
Frequency Band (Hz) 250 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k dB (A)
Winter Slow 24 32 49 61 51 40 35 44 (-2;-7) dB
A Series Control and Interface
The A Series units have a combination of centralised
and integral control.
Breathing Buildings E-Stack systems do not form
part of a fre strategy. However, e-stacks are
able to react to a fre condition and stop fans
if a fre interface is desired and agreed with
Building Control.
41 40
A Series continued
The atrium is often the architectural
heart of a building, oering space,
light and a feeling of airiness. But
it brings with it specic ventilation,
cooling and heating challenges.
To address these issues Breathing
Buildings has designed the A Series
natural ventilation system.
43
If there is a clerestory window concept as indicated in the fgure shown
then the unit will operate in single sided mixing ventilation mode in winter
and in summer using displacement cross-fow ventilation. Without an
elevated facade the F500 units or our new FX units operate as a pair
to provide ventilation
The F Series is
designed for a
standard school
classroom with an
elevated facade.
42
F Series
Product Information

Features
draughts in winter
Night cooling
Insulated volume control damper with spring
return ensures appropriate ventilation rates
CO2 sensor
Key switch for automatic operation; long
term off; test
2
sensor
Options
minimum energy use
Weather louvre
Noise attenuation for noisy sites
Integrated noise attenuation through combination
of acoustic louvres and internal baffes depending
on site specifc requirements
Control signal for automated actuation of low
level windows or dampers
Modbus link for integration
into wider Building
Eggcrate grilles
The F1000 unit is a facade mounted unit that has been
designed to ventilate a room with occupancies from 10
to 35 people. Integrated fans mitigate cold draughts in
a low energy way delivering appropriate ventilation and
superb thermal comfort. The illustration below shows
an F1000 unit located in room with another variable
control damper located on the same facade in the
opposite corner of the room
Air Flow Strategies
Summer Mode
Fan boost and night cooling modes offer greater thermal
comfort in exceptional summer conditions.
Winter Mode
air directly onto occupants the F Series operates to pre-
mix the incoming cold fresh air with warm room air to
mitigate the risk of cold draughts and eliminate the need
for wasteful pre-heating with radiators. Exhaust is provided
by an adjacent window or variable control damper
provided by Breathing Buildings.
Summer Winter
45 44
F1000 Dimensioned Drawing Performance Installation
The F Series comes with fxing brackets.
Dimensions
H 500 mm
D 1,000 mm
W 1,000 mm
Weight 80 Kg
Physical area 0.5 m
2
2
Finish Galvanised
Electrical
Power Rating 0.1 kW
#
Winter Slow 33 39 33 29 21 15 18* 24* 30.6 30.8
Winter Fast 41 52 43 40 37 28 19* 24* 41.8 35.0
Summer Boost 38 39 38 37 33 23 18* 24* 37.4 32.3
U-Value
2
K)
F Series 3.4 (W/m
2
K)
2
K)
Damper air leakage
3
/h/m
2
F Series 2.9 m
3
/h/m
2
Conformity
CE marking Yes
E
x
t
e
r
n
a
l

T
e
m
p
21 22 23 24 25
10 19.5 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5
12 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5
10 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5
4 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5
F Series continued
ISOMETRIC VIEW
RIGHT VIEW
MIXED AIR
DELIVERY
CONTROL
BOX
FRONT LEFT
BACK RIGHT
3
9
2

5
0
0

FRONT VIEW
840
4
0
0

145

C
L
9
2
5

CL 1063
1000
TOP VIEW
1000
CONTROL BOX
FIXING BRACKET
FAN MODULE
TEMP SENSOR
BOTTOM VIEW
1103
BACK VIEW
NOTES:
UNIT WEIGHT - 60KG 1.
FINISH - GALV. STEEL AS STANDARD OR RAL 9010,
AVAILABLE ON REQUEST AT ADDITIONAL COST
2.
UNIT SHOWN WITHOUT GRILLES, AVAILABLE ON
REQUEST AT ADDITIONAL COST
3.
UNIT SHOWN WITH MOUNTING BRACKETS 4.
MIXED AIR DELIVERY HANDING TO BE CONFIRMED
BY CUSTOMER PRIOR TO ORDERING
5.
E-STACK UNIT CAN BE HUNG FROM 4 NO. STEEL
DROP RODS OR CRADLE ARRANGEMENT
6.
LEFT VIEW
High Level opening
Window or Damper
Inflow to room
Mixing air
from room
into main
e-stack unit
Main e-stack unit
inflow to room via
front grille (as shown)
Grille
1000mm
500mm
47 46
F Series continued
1103
FRONT
INTERNAL
CONTROL BOX

C
L
9
2
5

CL 1063
TOP
1000
RIGHT
BOTTOM
FIXING BRACKET
INTERNAL
CONTROL BOX
FAN MODULE
LEFT
5
0
0

3
9
2

BACK
ISOMETRIC VIEW
MIXED AIR
DELIVERY
FRONT RIGHT
LEFT BACK
NOTES:-
E-STACK SUPPLIED WITH FIXING BRACKETS 1.
TYPICAL UNIT WEIGHT. - 59kg 2.
FINISH - GALV. BUT AVAILABLE IN RAL COLOURS AT ADDITIONAL COST 3.
INTERNAL CONTROL BOX
F500
The F500 units are designed to provide single
sided, mixing ventilation. They are designed for
use in spaces with limited foor to ceiling height.
The damper is mounted on the side of the mixing
chamber rather than above it as in the F1000.
A single sweep fan draws room air up to meet the
infow, cold air in winter. The F500 unit provides both
infow and outfow in winter. It is designed to provide
ventilation for up to 16 people and multiple units can
be used in higher occupancy. In summer the units
are usually operated in conjunction with lower level
vents or opening windows. The F500 units provide
the exhaust pathway whilst fresh air enters through
the lower opening.
F Series Control and Interface
The F Series units have a combination of centralised
and integral control.
management system (BMS) using a series of pre-
defned modbus points table.
Breathing Buildings systems do not form part of a fre
strategy. However, e-stacks are able to react to a fre
condition to close the damper and stop fans if a fre
interface is desired and agreed with Building Control.
on
off
test
MAINS
(via isolator)
Outside temperature
sensor
Room temperature
(RT) and CO2
sensor
24VDC, Ext T, GND, E
24VDC, RT, CO2, GND, E
24VDC, ON/OFF Signal, Test Signal, E
24VDC RED LED, 24VDC BLUE LED, GND, E
Room Interface
(Red and Blue panel)
Insulated faade damper(s)
or window(s) (supplied by other)
On/Off/Test Switch
Thank you so much
for your help so far!
We wouldnt have
made it without you.
49 48
Other system components
Phase Change Material
We use other system components to ensure the quality
and service of our products.
By having the PCM exposed to
occupants, the perceived temperature
in the room is reduced, which means
it is the most eective means of
delivering thermal comfort and
easiest way to comply with the new
CIBSE and EFA Adaptive Thermal
Comfort criteria.
51 50
Other system components continued
Window Actuation
Most of our systems are compatible
with manual window control. Where
windows are not accessible, high
up in an atrium or sports hall, or for
convenience or security then we have
partnered with SE Controls to deliver
best in class actuation and control.
Manual opening windows
Manual winding gear solutions can be applied to
single or multiple vents to provide smoke or natural
ventilation. With opening strokes of 250mm or
380mm they are available in 3 standard fnishes.
Automated windows
SE Controls chain actuators provide the most common
and cost effective solution for window automation. They
are usually surface mounted but concealed solutions
can also be offered. Actuators are available in a range
of stroke lengths from 100mm 1000mm and with
fngertrap risk mitigation technology built in. Additional
multi-point locking actuators help satisfy weather and
security performance requirements.
Integration with Breathing Buildings
Integration varies depending on the mode of operation
and the size and scope of a particular project. The
integration can range from provision of a 0-10V control
signal to Breathing Buildings providing and installing
the full system through our partners SE Controls.
What to consider when you
need to automate a window?
The following 12 criteria are an indication of the
types of information you may need to consider when
choosing the correct actuator for your application.
Smoke or natural ventilation Finish
Chain or linear actuator Voltage
Actuator size/aesthetics Force (N)
Locking points Hinge type
Vent position Speed
Free area requirement Flex length and
/ Opening stroke specifcation
Installation
With a varied range of automation products,
partnered with the vast array of window systems
and materials available within the industry, the need
for qualifed and experienced engineers is more
important now than ever. It is well documented that
90% of product failure can be attributed to incorrect
installation and product selection. SE Controls have
a national network of over forty engineers all of which
have been trained via their in house installation
academy. They are familiar with window system
componentry and all hold CSCS certifcation.
53 52
Other system components continued
Dampers
Many natural ventilation systems
incorporate faade dampers to provide
air pathways where it isnt desirable
or possible to have windows. We
provide a large range of variable
control dampers and associated
weather louvres. The dampers are
insulated and have seals to minimise
the air leakage from them when closed.
The dampers are supplied with fully
variable actuators.
In noisy locations, acoustic linings or acoustic attenuators
are provided so that suffcient attenuation is provided.
The extent of attenuation depends on the specifc site
conditions.
The actuators can be controlled using the Breathing
Buildings range of ventilation controllers, or if supplied
as product-only they can be controlled by the Building
Management System.
There are climates and building types when
controlled natural mixing ventilation is not
required. For example, if a building is located
in a zone where the external temperature is
consistently above 15C then it is not necessary
to pre-mix the incoming fresh air with room air
in order to mitigate cold draughts. Alternatively,
if the building is a factory with doors open a lot
for loading, then the building may be ventilated
adequately in winter through the loading doors
and no winter mixing system is required. Finally,
if the high level dampers are suffciently high
away from occupants in an occupied room, then
it may be possible to achieve suffcient ventilation
and natural mixing of the incoming plumes of
cold air with the warm room air to prevent cold
draughts in winter.
In all of these scenarios the most cost effective
means of providing natural ventilation is via a
damper in a shaft or a damper in a wall.
The high level damper will be used to provide
outfow and a cooling effect in warmer weather.
In colder weather, the damper can be used to
provide both the infow and outfow if necessary,
but in this case it is necessary to ensure that low
level openings (such as doors) are closed.
We provide a full range of roof and faade
based dampers, penthouse louvres, mushroom
terminals, faade louvres and grilles.
For cases where summertime peak temperatures
need to be capped and guaranteed, natural
ventilation with mechanical cooling is the ideal
and lowest energy solution. The hybrid solution
from Breathing Buildings is based on our
natural ventilation systems and cooling products
activated from the Breathing Buildings controller.
We have developed the solution in partnership
with Mitsubishi and it is appropriate for a wide
range of systems.
Natural Ventilation without Mixing Natural Ventilation with Cooling
U-Value
2
K)
Passive Stack 3.4 (W/m
2
K)
Damper air leakage
3
/h/m
2
Passive Stack 2.9 m
3
/h/m
2
U-Value
2
K)
Passive Stack 3.4 (W/m
2
K)
Damper air leakage
3
/h/m
2
Passive Stack 2.9 m
3
/h/m
2
Yet there are situations where the heat gains in the
space are not suffcient to pre-heat the incoming air
and it makes sense to use heat recovery:
Low occupancy spaces such as residential
developments or cellular offces where the internal
heat gains are much lower
Cold climates where the heat balance means you
spend a greater proportion of the year.
55 54
New products
We have a superb range of natural ventilation products and
systems for nearly all applications, yet we are constantly striving
for better solutions in more environments. With that in mind
we will be launching these products in the coming months
FX Series
One of the traditional problems
with single sided natural ventilation
is that without cross ow it the
air at the back of a room does not
get refreshed.
We have spent a lot of time
understanding buildings and the
impact of the ventilation strategy on
energy performance. As you can see
from the adjacent graphs the e-stack
mixing ventilation strategy oers
signicant benets compared to
both conventional natural ventilation
and hybrid MVHR systems in a
typical classroom environment.
Heat recovery in deep winter Mixing ventilation in mid season Displacement ventilation in summer
This is common problem in deep plan buildings or multi
foor spaces such as offces where there is no roof
access and an atrium system is not applicable.
The F Series hybrid from Breathing Buildings provides
a solution to this problem, using a low energy fan and
natural mixing to create a superb internal climate.
In the summer, natural ventilation will primarily be by
manual opening windows, however, in peak summer
conditions the fan integral to the FX-Series will run to
provide boost ventilation at the back of the room.
In the winter, opening windows in the classroom will be
closed. The damper on the FX-series will open in order
to control CO
2
levels in the space. The integral fan in
the FX-series will ensure than warm room air is drawn
upwards to temper the cold incoming air. This tempered
air will then be supplied to the room via the acoustically
attenuated duct to the rear of the classroom. Warm, stale
air will exit the classroom via the balancing dampers
as part of the FX-series unit. The FX-unit is capable of
providing a daily average of 5l/s/person of fresh air to a
room with an occupancy of 16 or less.
A secure nightcooling strategy will also take place after
warm summer days to purge the building air and fabric
of heat. This will take place by the same method as our
wintertime strategy.
NVHR - Natural Ventilation with Heat Recovery
Breathing Buildings is the leading
solutions provider in the feld of
Natural and Low Energy Ventilation.
We offer you a full turnkey service or a
selection of services to suit your needs.
1. Advisory services and consultation on
Natural and Low Energy ventilation.
2. Design services
Dynamic thermal modelling
Computational fuid dynamics
Water bath modelling
Design responsibility with full PI cover
3. Product solutions
Products to meet your criteria
Fully automatic controls and
BMS integration
Integration with other building systems
including BMS, HVAC and heating
Modelling
4. Installation support
5. Commissioning and user training
6. Service, maintenance, software
upgrades and extended warranty
7. Monitoring
56
Let us help
you change
the world...

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