Energy & Automation, Inc.

IGBT SHOVEL CLASS MANUAL A.C MOTOR SECTION i of 8

A.C MOTOR THEORY












Energy & Automation, Inc.
IGBT SHOVEL CLASS MANUAL A.C MOTOR SECTION ii of 8

Motor Nameplate
SIEMENS
Induction Motor
SER. No. F 11943-02-1 Type:RG Model 06/99
HP: 700 Frame 509 YZ SF 1.0
Amps: 260/520 Volts: 1400/700 Insul Class: F
RPM: 1481 Hz: 50
Basic Motor Formulas: Synchronous Speed
ns =
120 x f
p
Why does the nameplate say 1481? Will the motor always run
at 1481 with 50 hz?
For a 4 pole, 50 Hz motor:
ns =
120 x 50
4
= 1500 RPM
Energy & Automation, Inc.
IGBT SHOVEL CLASS MANUAL A.C MOTOR SECTION iii of 8

3 Phase Power
= Volts * Amps * Square Root of 3
= 1400 * 260 * 1.73
= 629 KVA
Note: 746 watts = 1 HP
629,000 / 746 = 843
The nameplate says 700, why the difference?
Motor Power
Flux will be proportional to Magnitizing Current (Iu) which is proportional to V/Hz
Ratio
Torque = KIw
Power = Torque * Speed
Power = Vln-ln * Iline * SQR(3) * PF
2 2
Iw Iu +
Is=
Energy & Automation, Inc.
IGBT SHOVEL CLASS MANUAL A.C MOTOR SECTION iv of 8

V/Hz Curves
The flux is proportional the magnitizing current. This is the current flowing through
the main inductance of the motor. Since the applied voltage is E, the magnitizing
current will be E/(2fL). While at base speed or less, magnitizing current should be
kept constant.
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
At 25 Hz, (half of
base speed), the
correct voltage will
half of the voltage
at base speed.
At 50 Hz, (base
speed), the correct
voltage will be the
namplate voltage
of the motor.
This will be a problem, if
there are zero volts, then
there will be zero current.
Energy & Automation, Inc.
IGBT SHOVEL CLASS MANUAL A.C MOTOR SECTION v of 8


5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
100%
80%
60%
40%
200 v
1400 v
1200 v
1000 v
800 v
600 v
400 v
20%
M
o
t
o
r

V
o
l
t
a
g
e
Motor Flux
Motor Current
M
o
t
o
r

P
o
w
e
r
Motor Voltage
Motor Flux
Motor Torque
Motor Current
Motor Power
Energy & Automation, Inc.
IGBT SHOVEL CLASS MANUAL A.C MOTOR SECTION vi of 8




Xs
Xh
Xr
R/S
Rs
Vmotor
Air Gap
Stator Rotor
Iu
Iw
Flux is proportional to Iu (if not in saturation)
Is
Motor Circuit (Single Phase)
Energy & Automation, Inc.
IGBT SHOVEL CLASS MANUAL A.C MOTOR SECTION vii of 8



MOTOR VECTORS
E
Is
E
Iu
V
I Xs Rs j *
2 2
+
Voltage
Applied to
the Motor
Voltage as seen across
the air gap
Compensates the for the leakage
reactance and resistance of the stator
based on current and frequency
Resistive
Drop
Inductive
Drop
Iw
Energy & Automation, Inc.
IGBT SHOVEL CLASS MANUAL A.C MOTOR SECTION viii of 8


PWM FIRING
1400 v rms
1980v Peak
1400 v rms
1800 vdc Bus Level
10 Hz Signal
50
Ms
280 v RMS
1800 vdc Bus Level