1.

B CNG THNG
TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TPHCM

MN : NH GI CM QUAN
BI TP:
PHP TH PHN BIT
GVHD: NGUYN B THANH

SVTH: NHM
MSHP:

Tp H Ch Minh 11/2012
DANH SCH NHM

H v tn

mssv

Ly Ly

10293141

Nguyn Th Kiu Ngn

10236931

Trn Th Thanh Mai

10271161

MC LC
2.

TOPIC 1:.......................................................................................................................5
2.1 TIN HNH TH NGHIM.................................................................................5
2.1.1
Mc ch tin hnh:.......................................................................................5
Nhm xc nh sn phm sa mi ca cng ty c khc vi sn phm sa ca 2 cng
ty ang c tiu thu rng ri trn th trng..............................................................5
2.1.2
Chn php th: A-not A.................................................................................5
2.1.3
Nguyn liu:...................................................................................................5
2.1.4
La chn ngi:.............................................................................................5
2.1.5
K hoch chun b mu v dng c th nghim:............................................5
2.1.6
Tin hnh th nghim:....................................................................................8
2.1.7
X l kt qu:..................................................................................................9
2.1.8
Bo co kt qu..............................................................................................9
3. TOPIC 2:......................................................................................................................9
3.1 TIN HNH TH NGHIM.................................................................................9
3.1.1
Mc ch tin hnh:.......................................................................................9
3.1.2
Phng php:.................................................................................................9
dng php th 2-AFC..................................................................................................9
3.1.3
Nguyn liu v i tng:..............................................................................9
3.1.4
Ngi th:......................................................................................................9
3.1.5
Phn cng cng vic:...................................................................................10
3.1.6
K hoch chun b mu v dng c th nghim:..........................................10
3.1.7
Tin hnh th nghim:..................................................................................11
3.1.8
X l kt qu:................................................................................................12
3.1.9
Bo co kt qu:...........................................................................................12
4. Topic 3:......................................................................................................................12
4.1 TIN HNH TH NGHIM...............................................................................12
4.1.1
Mc ch tin hnh:.....................................................................................12
C s khc bit hay khng gia hai sn phm cream sa c v mi khi thay i cng
thc mi.....................................................................................................................12
4.1.2
Phng php:...............................................................................................12
4.1.3
Nguyn liu v i tng:............................................................................13
4.1.4
Ngi th:....................................................................................................13
4.1.5
Phn cng cng vic:...................................................................................13
4.1.6
K hoch chun b mu v dng c th nghim:..........................................13
4.1.7
Tin hnh th nghim:..................................................................................15
4.1.8
X l kt qu:................................................................................................15
4.1.9
Bo co kt qu:...........................................................................................16

1. TOPIC 1:
Mt cng ty sn xut sa mun a ra th trng mt sn phm mi v h mun bit
sn phm ca h c khc vi sn phm cng loi ca 2 cng ty khc dang c tiu
th rng ri trn th trng. Cng ty ngh nhm nh gi cm quan tin hnh mt
php th cm quan tr li cu hi trn.
1.1 TIN HNH TH NGHIM
1.1.1 Mc ch tin hnh:
Nhm xc nh sn phm sa mi ca cng ty c khc vi sn phm sa ca 2
cng ty ang c tiu thu rng ri trn th trng.
1.1.2 Chn php th: A-not A.
1.1.3 Nguyn liu:
Sa c ca cng ty A
:A
Sa c ca cng ty B
:A
Sa mi
: not A
Vi A l mu chun v not A l mu cn so snh.
Ta mc nh sa l sa ti tit trng c ng.
1.1.4 La chn ngi:
Da vo quy tc cn bng chng ti quy ra s lng ngi tham gia th nghim l 28
ngi: 28 ngi c hun luyn quen vi sn phm sa c ca cng ty A v cng ty
sa c B.
C 5 ngi phc v chun b th nghim. Trong gm:
M ha mu:
1 ngi.
Rt mu : 2 ngi (1 ngi rt mu sa c, 1 ngi rt mu sa mi)
Phc v th nghim v hng dn:
1 ngi.
Thu v v tng hp kt qu:
1 ngi.
Chun b mu:
1 ngi
Ch : Th nghim vin phi hng dn ngi lm th nghim v quy tc cng nh cch
vit cu tr li tht k. Th nghim ch c tin hnh khi tt c thnh vin tham gia th
nghim hiu r cch th nghim.
1.1.5 K hoch chun b mu v dng c th nghim:
V k hoch chun b mu th chng ti chun b: 1.5 lt sa A ca cng ty A, 1.5 lit
sa A ca cng ty B v 3 lt mi, tng cng 240 cc tt c mu s c cha trong
cc mi cc ng 50 ml sa.

Tn cng ty
S lng sa trong 1 cc(ml)
Sp sa mi ca cng ty chn b a
50
ra th trng
Sp sa c ca cng ty A
50
Sp sa c ca cng ty B
50

Tng sa cn dng
1500 (ml)
1500 (ml)
3000 (ml)

Thm vo cn chun b: nc thanh v, 60 ci khn giy, 10 cy bt ch, 10 cc

ty
Chun b 3 phiu hng dn: 1 phiu gc, 1 phiu cho nhn vin hng dn, 1 phiu
d tr.
Chun b 60 phiu tr li: 30 phiu tr li cho th nghim so snh vi cng ty A, 30
phiu tr li cho th nghim so snh vi cng ty B. (Trong gi li 2 phiu tr li
gc v 2 phiu d tr)

Lp danh sch m ha mu c trnh by trong bng 1 v bng 2. Theo nguyn tc

cn bng trong php th A-not A, mu c 4 v tr cn bng (A-not A/ A-A/ not A-A/
not A-not A)
Bng 1:
Vi A l mu sa c ca cng ty A.
Vi not A l sn phm sa mi:
149
122
137
692
298
280
777
771
916
514
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
398
767
958
593
914
922
780
468
439
974
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
274
600
773
100
593
986
446
623
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

643
notA
123
notA
052
notA

555
notA
111
notA
089
notA

433
notA
134
notA
065
notA

355
notA
452
notA
645
notA

977
notA
441
notA
658
notA

907
notA
739
notA
732
notA

664
notA
891
notA
755
notA

470
notA
781
notA
590
notA

508
notA
271
notA

108
notA
972
notA

Bng 2:
Vi A l mu sa c ca cng ty B:
Vi not A l sn phm sa mi:
156
A
542
A

842
A
589
A

906
A
835
A

688
A
752
A

865
A
808
A

643
A
753
A

258
A
642
A

168
A
897
A

532
A
325
A

578
A
556
A

648
A

989
A

697
notA
301
notA
734
notA

683
notA
691
notA
608
notA

799
A
667
notA
510
notA
435
notA

560
A

220
A

900
notA
489
notA
769
notA

888
notA
190
notA
790
notA

357
A
768
notA
443
notA
883
notA

863
A
788
notA
358
notA
742
notA

685
A
999
notA
661
notA
890
notA

Bng 3: Danh sch th t a mu:

Stt ngi
nhn
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Th nghim so snh vi
sa ca cng ty A
B mu A
149
122
643
555
732
986
274
052
137
692
433
355
755
446
600
089
773
065
590
623
977
907
298
280
777
771
664
470
100
645
739
914
916
514
508
108
593
658
441
922
398
767
123
111
780
781

Th nghim so snh vi sa
ca cng ty B
B mu B
156
542
697
301
648
734
999
532
683
691
906
835
989
608
043
578
799
435
688
752
667
589
432
325
560
769
661
556
900
489
865
808
220
790
890
753
643
753
888
190
258
642
357
883
768
443

043
notA
763
notA

432
notA
589
notA

24
891
468
510
842
25
958
593
763
685
26
134
452
863
742
27
439
972
168
897
28
271
974
788
358
Lu : Chng ti tin hnh 2 th nghim so snh song song vi hai b mu A v B.
Phiu hng dn:
ngh sc ming vi nc trc khi bt u. C hai b mu, mi b gm hai mu cn
cn c nm, mi ngi s c nhn ln lt hai b mu: b mu A v b mu B. Hy
nm ln lt tng mu c m ha trong mi b theo th t t mu, t tri qua
phi, bt u vi b mu A sau l b mu B. C th nm nhiu ln nhng khng c
nm li, sau khi nm xong mt b mu th ta sc ming v dng nc thanh v ri mi
tip tc nm b mu sau. Anh/ ch hy cho bit cc mu trong mi b mu no l mu A ,
mu no l mu khng phi A, hy vit m s ca mu vo phiu tr li. Sau giao
li cho ngi hng dn.
Ch : p n ca cu tr li trc v th t mu c trnh by ngu nhin khng nh
hng n cu tr li ca anh/ ch. V mi b mu l mt phiu tr li.
Phiu tr li
Ngy ......, thng....., nm...........
H tn ngi th
M s mu A
M s mu not A

:............................................................................................................
:............................................................................................................
:............................................................................................................

1.1.6 Tin hnh th nghim:

Phc v vin hng dn th nghim vin tht k v cch tin hnh v cch ghi phiu tr
li trc khi cho th nghim vin vo phng lm th nghim. Sau khi th nghim vin
hiu r th hng dn vin cho th nghim vin vo phng th, mi ln l 7 ngi (ty
vo s lng phng th nghim), mi phng chun b sn 1 cy bt ch, 1 cc khn
giy.
Tip theo phc v vin s a ln lt tng b mu c chun b sn bn trong vo
phng th km theo l hai phiu tr li tng ng vi hai b mu, phc v vin s thu li
phiu tr li sau khi th nghim vin kt thc, c nh vy cho n khi th nghim vin
cui cng kt thc.
Cui cng phc v vin tng hp kt qu.

1.1.7 X l kt qu:
Dng phng php chi- bnh phng x l s liu
Theo cng thc:
X2 =
O: tn s quan st
T: tn s l thuyt
T=
Gi s: C 28 ln th nu X2 > 21 vi mc ngha 0.05 th gia hai mu c s
khc bit nu nh hn th khng.
X2 > 22 vi mc ngha 0.01 th gia hai mu c s khc bit nu nh hn th
khng.
X2 = 0 th tn s quan st bng tn s l thuyt.
1.1.8 Bo co kt qu
Sau khi x l xong kt qu th nhn vin bo co ln cp trn v th nghim kt thc.

2. TOPIC 2:
Mt cng ty sn xut c ph nhn c mt li than phin v v ng ca sn phm
h mi tung ra th trng . Cng ty khng mun thay i lng c ph trong mt
gi, m ch mun thay i lng nc thay i pha c ph. Cng ty mun bit rng
liu vic b sung mt lng nh nc c lm gim i v ng ca c ph hay khng ,
nhm nh gi cm phi thc hin mt php th xem c s khc nhau khng.

2.1 TIN HNH TH NGHIM

2.1.1 Mc ch tin hnh:

Thay i lng nc pha c ph c gim v ng hay khng.

2.1.2 Phng php:
dng php th 2-AFC.
2.1.3 Nguyn liu v i tng:
C ph bt pha phin ca cng ty khng dng chung vi sa.

2.1.4 Ngi th:

Da vo quy tc cn bng chng ti quy ra s lng ngi tham gia th nghim l
20 ngi. Ngi th l nhng ngi s dng c c ph v phn bit c mi
v c ph. Chn nhng ngi s dng c ph hng ngy v c hun luyn
quen vi sn phm.
2.1.5 Phn cng cng vic:
Chun b mu: 1 ngi
Phc v th nghim: 2 ngi ( rt mu v thu mu)
M ha mu: 1 ngi
Hng dn th nghim: 2 ngi
Tng hp kt qu v vit bo co: 1 ngi
Ch : Trong qu trnh th nghim cn hng dn r rng cho cc th nghim vin
bit v hiu r vic mnh lm, khi tin hnh th nghim cn gim st cc th
nghim vin gii p kp thi nhng thc mc ca th nghim vin v pht hin
ci sai.
2.1.6 K hoch chun b mu v dng c th nghim:
Mu b phn nn b ng v mu thay i hm lng nc pha. Cc mu c
ng trong ly nha s lng mi mu 20 v th tch l 65ml cho mi ly. C 5 b
mu, mi b c hai mu cn phi so snh. Tng th tch mu cn c l 3.21(lt)
Dng c dnh cho th nghim
Dng c
S lng
Ly nha
80
Khn
20
Bt ch
10
Ty
10
Chun b 3 phiu hng dn: 1 phiu gc, 1 phiu cho nhn vin hng
dn, 1 phiu d tr.
Chun b 25 phiu tr li: mi th nghim vin mi ngi mt phiu cn
li 5 phiu d tr
Chun b mu:
Mu b phn nn ng l A c pha nh sau:
Ly khong 20g c ph cho vo phin lc v nn nh c ph tip cho khong
15ml nc si hoc khong 90oC 30 giy n mt pht ri cho khong 40ml
nc si v ch c ph ra. Thm khong 2 - 3g ng.
Mu B c pha nh sau:
Ly khong 20g c ph cho vo phin lc v nn nh tip cho khong 20ml nc
si hoc khong 90oC 30 giy n mt pht ri cho khong 45ml nc si v
ch c ph ra. Thm khong 2- 3g ng.
S dng nc thanh v. Mu khong 40oC l ung c.
M ha mu: mu c m ha thnh con s c ba ch s.

Mu A: 599, 439, 324, 509, 812, 233, 220, 520, 537, 538.
Mu B: 380, 130, 730, 684, 926, 577, 435, 321, 197, 253.
Trt t mu:
Th t trnh by by mu trong php th 2-AFC c hai kh nng AB, BA. Th t
ny phi c thc hin ngu nhin i vi tt c cc th nghim vin, m bo
rng mi th nghim vin u c th mu A hay mu B ln u tin vi s ln
nh nhau. Trong mi b mu theo th t t mu t tri qua phi.
STT Trt t
M ha
STT Trt t
M ha
Lu : S ngi
1
A-B
599 - 380
11
A-B
598 - 568
th tham gia th
2
B-A
130 - 439
12
B-A
431 - 471
nghim c
3
A-B
324 - 730
13
A-B
439 - 484
chia lm hai t
4
B-A
684 - 509
14
B-A
301 - 966
tin hnh th
5
A-B
812 - 926
15
A-B
689 - 777
mu vi s mu
6
B-A
577 - 233
16
B-A
112 - 976
c trnh by
7
A-B
220 - 435
17
A-B
940 - 358
nh trn. Gia
8
B-A
321 - 520
18
B-A
533 - 822
hai ln th
9
A-B
537 - 197
19
A-B
836 - 745
nghim cch
10
B-A
253 - 538
20
B-A
164 - 654
nhau 20 pht
cc th nghim vin khng gp nhau trnh s chi phi lc thc hin.
Phiu hng dn v tr li:
Ngy..
Tn
M s ngi th.
ngh sc ming trc khi bt u. C hai b mu, mi b c hai mu cn so snh. Hy
nm th tng mu c m ha trong mi b mu theo th t t mu, t tri qua
phi, bt u vi b th th nht. a ton b mu vo trong ming, khng nm li. Sc
ming bng nc gia hai ln th mu v nh ton b mu v nc. Tip th mu tip
theo l lp li cc bc trn. Cui cng vi mi cp mu, anh ch hy in m s ca mu
no t ng hn vo phiu tr li.
Ch : p n ca cu tr li trc v th t mu c trnh by ngu nhin khng nh
hng n cu tr li ca anh/ ch.
Phiu tr li:
Ngy ......, thng....., nm...........
H tn ngi th
M s mu A
M s mu not A

:............................................................................................................
:............................................................................................................
:............................................................................................................

2.1.7 Tin hnh th nghim:

Phc v vin hng dn th nghim vin tht k v cch tin hnh v cch ghi phiu tr
li trc khi cho th nghim vin vo phng lm th nghim. Sau khi th nghim vin
hiu r th hng dn vin cho th nghim vin vo phng th, mi ln l 7 ngi (ty
vo s lng phng th nghim), mi phng chun b sn 1 cy bt ch, 1 cc khn
giy.
Tip theo phc v vin s a ln lt tng b mu c chun b sn bn trong vo
phng th km theo l mt phiu tr li, phc v vin s thu li phiu tr li sau khi th
nghim vin kt thc, c nh vy cho n khi th nghim vin cui cng kt thc.
Cui cng phc v vin tng hp kt qu.
2.1.8 X l kt qu:
Dng phng php chi- bnh phng x l s liu
Theo cng thc:
X2 =
O: tn s quan st
T: tn s l thuyt
T=
Gi s: C 20 ln th nu X2 > 15 vi mc ngha 0.05 th gia hai mu c s
khc bit nu nh hn th khng.
X2 > 16 vi mc ngha 0.01 th gia hai mu c s khc bit nu nh hn th
khng.
X2 = 0 th tn s quan st bng tn s l thuyt.
2.1.9 Bo co kt qu:
Tng kt sau khi x l v bo co kt qu tin hnh th nghim.

3. Topic 3:
Mt cng ty sn xut cream sa mun thay i cng thc mi v mun bit liu
c s khc bit gia hai sn phm c v sn phm mi hay khng ban lnh o
cng ty ngh nhm nh gi cm quan tr li cu hi trn

3.1 TIN HNH TH NGHIM

3.1.1 Mc ch tin hnh:
C s khc bit hay khng gia hai sn phm cream sa c v mi khi thay i
cng thc mi.
3.1.2 Phng php:
dng php th tam gic.
3.1.3 Nguyn liu v i tng:
Trng g
ng
Sa ti
Bt vani
Cacao
3.1.4 Ngi th:
Da vo quy tc cn bng chng ti quy ra s lng ngi tham gia th nghim l
24 ngi. Ngi th l nhng ngi c hun luyn quen vi sn phm ca
cng ty.
3.1.5 Phn cng cng vic:
Chun b mu: 2 ngi
Phc v th nghim: 2 ngi ( rt mu v thu mu)
M ha mu: 1 ngi
Hng dn th nghim: 2 ngi
Tng hp kt qu v vit bo co: 1 ngi
Ch : Trong qu trnh th nghim cn hng dn r rng cho cc th nghim vin
bit v hiu r vic mnh lm, khi tin hnh th nghim cn gim st cc th
nghim vin gii p kp thi nhng thc mc ca th nghim vin v pht hin
ci sai.
3.1.6 K hoch chun b mu v dng c th nghim:
Mu c l cream A v mu mi l cream B. Mu c ng trong ly PS v s
lng mi mu l 24 v th tch ca mi ly l 50ml. C 10 b mu mi b mu c
3 mu cn phi so snh ( c 2 mu ging nhau c chun b t mt sn phm v
mu cn li t cng thc khc. Tng th tch lng mu cn l 3l.
Dng c dnh cho th nghim
Ly nha
72 ci
Khn
24 ci
Bt ch
12 ci

Ty

12 ci
Chun b mu:
Mu A c chun b nh sau:
+ Cho sa vo ni un nng, khi si bc ra.
+ Trng ly lng , nh tan vi ng, cho vo ni sa, tip tc un si nh
la, quy u.
+ Khi ni sa si, quy u n khi thy hn hp trng v sa hi st li, dnh
cn mung th bc xung, cho vani vo quy u li ln na.
+ Lc hn hp qua ry, ngui. Cho hn hp vo my nh kem nh khong
25-30 pht cho kem bng ln.
+ Cho vo ngn t lnh.
Mu B c chun b nh sau:
+ Cho sa vo ni un nng, khi si bc ra.
+ Trng ly lng , nh tan vi ng, cho vo ni sa, tip tc un si nh
la, quy u.
+ Khi ni sa si, quy u n khi thy hn hp trng v sa hi st li, dnh
cn mung th bc xung, cho vani vo quy u li ln na.
+ Lc hn hp qua ry, ngui. Cho hn hp vo my nh kem nh khong
25-30 pht cho kem bng ln.
+ Cho thm 300 ml kem ti vo trn cng sau khi kem c nh bng.
+ Cho vo ngn t lnh.
M ha mu: mu c m ha thnh con s c ba ch s.
Mu A: 205, 935, 582, 391, 803, 930, 320, 762, 241, 183, 271, 182, 127, 408, 689,
426, 100, 728
Mu B: 129, 215, 870, 632, 470, 375, 839, 983, 471, 957, 178, 614, 286, 692, 324,
693, 341, 739.
Trt t mu:
Th t trnh by by mu trong php th tam gic c su kh nng: AAB,
ABA, BAA, BBA, BAB, ABB. c b tr cn bng cho cc th nghim vin.

STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Trt t
A-A-B
A-B-A
B-A-A
B-A-B
B-B-A
A-B-B
B-B-A
B-A-B
B-A-A
A-B-A
A-B-B

M ha
205-935-129
582-215-391
870-728-869
632-803-470
375-839-930
320-983-471
957-178-762
614-241-286
692-183-271
182-324-127
408-693-341

12

A-A-B

100-426-739

Lu : S ngi th tham gia th nghim c chia lm hai t tin hnh th

mu vi s mu c trnh by nh trn. Gia hai ln th nghim cch nhau 20
pht cc th nghim vin khng gp nhau trnh s chi phi lc thc hin.

Phiu hng dn:

Ngy..
Tn
M s ngi th.
B mu
ngh sc ming vi nc trc khi bt u. Nh nc vo ni quy nh. Bn nhn
c ba mu c m ha. Hai mu trong s ba mu ny l ging nhau v mt mu l
khc nhau. Hy th cc mu theo th t cho sn, t tri sang phi. Sc ming vi nc
gia cc ln th mu v nh tt c mu v nc. Anh / ch hy in m s ca mu no
khc vi hai mu cn li vo phiu tr li v a li cho nhn vin phc v.
Ch : p n ca cu tr li trc v th t mu c trnh by ngu nhin khng nh
hng n cu tr li ca anh/ ch.
Phiu tr li:
Ngy ......, thng....., nm...........
H tn ngi th
M s mu A
M s mu not A

:............................................................................................................
:............................................................................................................
:............................................................................................................

3.1.7 Tin hnh th nghim:

Phc v vin hng dn th nghim vin tht k v cch tin hnh v cch ghi phiu tr
li trc khi cho th nghim vin vo phng lm th nghim. Sau khi th nghim vin
hiu r th hng dn vin cho th nghim vin vo phng th, mi ln l 7 ngi (ty
vo s lng phng th nghim), mi phng chun b sn 1 cy bt ch, 1 cc khn
giy.
Tip theo phc v vin s a ln lt tng b mu c chun b sn bn trong vo

phng th km theo l mt phiu tr li, phc v vin s thu li phiu tr li sau khi th
nghim vin kt thc, c nh vy cho n khi th nghim vin cui cng kt thc.
Cui cng phc v vin tng hp kt qu.
3.1.8 X l kt qu:
Dng phng php chi- bnh phng x l s liu
Theo cng thc:
X2 =
O: tn s quan st
T: tn s l thuyt
T=
Gi s: C 24 ln th nu X2 > 17 vi mc ngha 0.05 th gia hai mu c s
khc bit nu nh hn th khng.
X2 > 19 vi mc ngha 0.01 th gia hai mu c s khc bit nu nh hn th
khng.
X2 = 0 th tn s quan st bng tn s l thuyt.
3.1.9 Bo co kt qu:
Nhn vin tng hp v bo co kt qu