Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction to Networking
Module One
Networks
A Gentle Introduction
5/4/2011
Mainframes
Terminals
Stand-Alone Environment
Cannot share or receive resources from any
other device
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The Sneakernet
Manually move files between hosts
Network
Adapter
XMIT
XMIT
RCV
RCV
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What is a Network?
I will share
my files!!
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Benefits of Networks
Share resources
Files
Data
Printers
Exchange information
Email
Instant messaging
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Sharing Resources
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Connect to Media
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5/4/2011
Terminator
Terminator
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02608c133456
00c02494f74d
00a0249cf76c
0020af151d8b
10
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Signal
Strength
11
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A Repeater
Port 2
Port 1
12
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1
4
2
3
2
4
3
1
13
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Co-axial
14
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No privacy or security
15
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Review
Networking Fundamentals
16
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Network
End
Devices
Network
Devices
Network
Media
Protocols
Services
17
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Web Service
Email Service
Name Service
File Services
Many, many more
18
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Node
A device on the network, not necessarily with an
IP address.
19
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Routers
20
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21
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Headquarters
Gotham City
Warehouse
Branch 2
Data centre
22
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An Internetwork is a Network of
Computer Networks
Intranet
A private network, with resources accessible only to internal
members of the organization running the network
Extranet
A secured private network, with resources made available to
a select group of authenticated outside users
Internet
The global public inter-network that connects networks
using the TCP/IP protocol
23
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Root DNS
Servers
.org
.linux.org
Countries
(.tt ; .us ; .uk
; )
.edu
.un.org
.mit
.uwi
.net
.com
.example.com
www.example.com
Server1.example.com
24
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NAPs
Tier 1 ISPs
National &
International
Tier 2 ISPs
Regional
Tier 3 ISPs
Local
End
Users
Local
End
Users
End
Users
End
Users
Network Components
Span of Networks
Types of Internetworks
Domain Name System (DNS)
Internet ISP Hierarchy
25
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Characteristics of Networks
Cost
Security
Reliability
Scalability
Availability
26
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Speed is Good
Speed is a measure
of how fast data is
transmitted over
the network
Cost
27
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Availability
The #!@*
Network is
down AGAIN!!!
28
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Failure Rate
Time
29
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Topology
Physical
Topology
Logical
Speed; Security;
Scalability;
Availability;
Reliability; Topology
Cost
30
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1010010100010001011110101001011101
1010
010100010001011110101001011101101010111101
101010111101
31
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DATA
Source Address
Destination
Address
0100100111010010100101111100101011101
010
0100111010010100101111100101011101
Cycles/Second = Hertz
That
Hertz!!!
One Cycle
32
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Higher
Frequency
One Second
High Bandwidth
101011010101001010101001
010001000101111010101010
011111011000010111100111
010101000010010100010001
010111100100110101111101
33
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Batch
Interactive
Real Time
Network characteristics
Speed; Cost; Security; Availability; Scalability;
Reliability; Topology
Data Flow
Bandwidth
Effects of user applications
34
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End Devices
PCs
Servers
IP
Telephones
Printers
Home
Office
35
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Network Devices
Routers
Switches
Bridges
Hubs
Firewall
Wireless Devices
Mobile
Access
Phone
Wireless
Router
Wireless
Access
Point
36
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Network Media
LAN
WAN
Serial
Circuit-Switched
Wireless
Only connection
points are shown
37
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Minicomputer
Switch2
Internet Service
Provider
Router1
Switch1
Firewall
IP
Telephones
Wireless
Access Point
PCs
Laptops
38