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I take this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude to my project guide Dr.
Vikas Mahto, Associate Professor, Department of petroleum engineering, Indian
School of Mines, Dhanbad for his excellence guidance and meticulous examination of
the project report. Without his help it would not have been possible for me to carry out
the work smoothly. I thank him for his valuable suggestion supervision and constant
inspiration throughout the course of this work without it would not have been possible
to complete this work and I am deeply indebted to him.
I would also like to express deep gratitude to Prof. V.P. SHARMA, Head of
Department of Petroleum Engineering and Dr. T.K.Naiya course coordinator for their
periodic suggestion and corporation during the course of work.
I am also thankful to research scholar Mr.Rajat Jain and all the staff member of the
department for their coordination and during the work. And I also owe thanks to all
persons who directly and indirectly help me during the work.
ABSTRACT
The drilling of sensitive formations is not possible with water based mud only as they
possess many problems like swelling, dispersion, pipe sticking, high torque and drag. The
alternative may be Non-aqueous fluids but, environmental considerations associated with
their use limit their applications. In this work, oil-in water emulsion mud system has been
prepared with the use of jatropha oil which is eco-friendly. Also, an attempt is made to
develop two more oil-in-water emulsion system using mineral oil and diesel oil. The
developed mud systems are incorporated with different biopolymers and semi-synthetic
polymers like xanthan gum, poly-anionic cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose. Sodium
lauryl sulfate is used as a primary emulsifier which has stabilized the emulsions successfully.
Further, extensive experimental work is done to optimize the drilling fluid system with
different concentrations of the materials loaded. The rheological and filtration properties were
measured by Fann VG meter and API Filter press. The density of the developed system is
studied by Mud balance. The rheological and filtration properties are controlled by the
carboxymethyl cellulose and polyanionic cellulose. Zeta potential and Interfacial tension
measurements
have
been
done
with
Malvern
zeta
meter
4.0
and
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
Page No.
Acknowledgement ...................................................................................................... i
Abstract ..................................................................................................................... ii
Contentsiii
List of Figures ......................................................................................................... vi
List of Tables............................................................................................................ vi
1
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 2
1.1
1.2
2.2
2.3
2.4
.............................................................................. 10
17
.17
iv
LIST OF TABLE
S N.
Content
Page No.
24
5.1
Mud composition
27
5.2
27
5.3
27
5.4
28
LIST OF FIGURE
Fig No.
Content
Page No.
Shale structure
Mud balance
19
20
Speed viscometer
21
23
vi