Final Examination

GEO 141P
Hydrogeology
23 September 2014

1. Convert the concentration of the following samples into milliequivalent and check the accuracy of the
test results.
Water Quality Test Results (mg/L)
Sample 1
Sample 2
13
29
4.3
19
8.4
12
3.5
3.5
72
177
3.8
6.9
6.9
15

Parameters
Calcium
Magnesium
Sodium
Potassium
Bicarbonate
Chloride
Sulfate

Prepare Piper and Stiff diagrams of the two water samples. Differentiate based on water quality.
What geological environment do these groundwater exist?
2. Why reclaiming polluted groundwater is difficult compared with surface water?
3. An aquifer is 2045m wide and 28 m thick. Its hydraulic gradient is 0.05 and its hydraulic conductivity
is 145m/day. Calculate the velocity of the groundwater as well as the amount of water that passes
through the end of the aquifer its day if the porosity of the aquifer is 32%.
4. In aquifer test, why specific capacity decreases with increasing pumping rate?
5. Below are the drillers lithologic descriptions of deep wells in the Panacan District of Davao City.
Panacan is made up of the Mandog Sandstone, which consists of a poorly consolidated, thin
sequence of interbedded sandstone and shale with conglomeratic portions. Simplify the logs and
make correlation of the boreholes. Identify the aquifers, aquicludes and aquitards.

Well No. 1 Lithologic Log

From
(m)
To (m)

Description

Brown silty clay

12

Silty sand

12

16

Fine to coarse sand with some gravel

16

18

Gravel and coarse sand

18

30

Gravel and pebble with coarse sand

30

31

Well rounded gravel (4-6mm)

31

33

Well rounded gravel with sand

33

36

Well rounded gravel with pebbles and sand

36

39

Well rounded gravel (4-6mm) with silt

39

45

Gravel pebble and fine sand

45

46

Gravel, pebble, fine sand with silty clay

46

49

Gravel and coarse sand with pebbles

From
(m)

To (m)

49

52

Gravel, pebbles and sand

52

57

Pebbles

57

66

Gravel (Angular to sub-rounded) and pebbles

66

69

Gravel (Angular to sub-rounded) and pebbles with sand

69

72

Gravel (Angular to sub-rounded) and pebbles with silty sand

72

73

Gravel (Angular to sub-rounded) silty sand, clay

73

78

Gravel and pebble with coarse sand

78

86

Gravel, pebble and coarse sand with clay

86

87

Fine to coarse sand with pebbles

87

89

Clay with matrix

89

93

Silty clay with some gravel

93

98

Silty sand with clay

98

102

Silty sandy clay, some sand and gravel

102

103

Silty sand with gravel

103

104

Silty clay with very few gravel

Description

Well No. 2 Lithologic Log

From
(m)
To (m)

Description

Top soil brown clay

Blue clay with pebbles

Coarse sand with pea size gravel

22

Sandy, gray clay with gravel sub-rounded

22

32

Brown clay with coarse sand, gravel angular sub-rounded

32

33

Fine to coarse sand

33

41

Silty brown clay with gravel

41

42

Brown silty clay

42

47

Gray clay with gravel

47

49

Fine sand with clay

49

66

Gray clay with coarse sand and gravel

66

70

Fine to coarse sand with gravel and clay

70

73

Fine sand with clay

73

76

Fine sand with pea size gravel

76

78

Clay with coarse sand, gravel

78

82

Clay with fine sand

82

85

Fine to coarse sand, clay

85

92

Fine sand with clay

92

93

Clay with coarse sand

93

97

Fine sand with pea size gravel

97

100

Sandy gray clay

100

101

Fine sand

From
(m)

To (m)

Description

101

111

Sandy clay

111

115

Fine sand

115

120

Gray clay with coarse sand

Well No. 3 Lithologic Log

From (m)
0

To (m)

Description

Clay, dark brown sticky

Sand, fine grained with clay

10

Sand, fine to coarse grained

10

18

Sand, coarse grained with white quartzite chips

18

25

Gravel, pebbly with boulder chips

25

38

38

50

50

72

Sand, coarse grained pebbly admix in matrix of brown clay

Gravel, pebbly semi rounded to rounded grained chips admixed with
boulder chips
Clay, bluish admixed with pebbles cobbles and quartzites

72

84

Clay, bluish sticky

84

96

Clay, bluish admixed with pebbles cobbles and quartzites

96

109

109

153

153

164

Sand, coarse grained with pebbles

Gravel, pebbly semi rounded to rounded grained chips admixed with
boulder chips
Clay, gray sticky

164

177

Clay, gray sticky admix with sand

177

203

Clay, gray admixed with coarse sand pebbles and boulder chips

203

217

Clay, gray sticky with minor presence of sand and gravel

217

265

Clay, gray admixed with coarse sand pebbles and boulder chips

265

280

Clay, gray sticky

280

300

Clay, gray admixed with fine silty sand and minor presence of gravel

Well No. 4 Lithologic Log

From (m)

To (m)

Clay with tuff

Description

Sandy clay

12

Pebbles with boulder

12

18

Sandy clay

18

27

Clay with traces of tuff

27

39

Clay with tuff

39

52

Sticky clay with traces of sand

52

67

Sticky clay with fine sand

67

74

Sticky clay with traces of pebbles

74

86

Sticky clay, sandy

86

91

Sandy clay

91

99

Sandy clay with pebbles and traces of clay

From (m)

To (m)

Description

99

115

Fine to medium grained sand with clay

115

125

Sandy clay

125

134

Sticky clay with traces of sand

134

140

Sandy clay

140

144

Medium to coarse sand with traces of clay

144

149

Coarse sand with traces of pebbles

149

156

Pebbles with coarse sand and traces of clay

156

160

Sandy clay with traces of pebbles

The final submission of the answer sheet is 12:00MN 23 September 2014.

Good luck.