HSC Notice 8

GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING
HIGH SPEED CRAFT

OCTOBER 2001
NOTICE NO. 8 November 2009
The following Rule Changes were approved by the ABS Rules Committee on 3 June 2008
and 18 June 2009 and become EFFECTIVE AS OF 1 JANUARY 2010.
Notes -
The date in the parentheses means the date that the Rule becomes effective for new construction
based on the contract date for construction, unless otherwise noted. (See 1-1-4/3.3 of the ABS
Rules for Conditions of Classification (Part 1).)
PART 3
HULL CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT
SECTION 4
KEELS, STEMS, STERN FRAMES, SHAFT STRUTS, AND PROPELLER

NOZZLES
(Revise Section title as above and add new Subsection 3/4.19, as follows.)
3/4.19
Propeller Nozzles (2010)
3/4.19.1
Application
The requirements in this section are applicable for propeller nozzles with inner diameter d of 5 meters
(16.4 feet) or less. Nozzles of larger inner diameter are subject to special consideration with all
supporting documents and calculations submitted for review.
3/4.19.2
Design Pressure
The design pressure of the nozzle is to be obtained from the following:
N
p d = 10 6 c
Ap
N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi)
where
c
coefficient as indicated in Table 3/4.1
coefficient as indicated in Table 3/4.2, but not to be taken less than 10
maximum shaft power, in kW (hp)
Ap
propeller disc area
D2
propeller diameter, in m (ft)
, in m2 (ft2)
ABS GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING HIGH SPEED CRAFT . 2001
Notice No. 8 November 2009
TABLE 3/4.1 Coefficient c (2009)

c
Propeller Zone
(see 3-2-7/Figure 1)
pd in N/mm
pd in kgf/mm2
pd in psi
10.0
1.02
11.62 103
1&3
5.0
0.51
5.81 103
3.5
0.36
4.067 103
TABLE 3/4.2 Coefficient (2009)

pd in N/mm2
N
21 2 10 2
Ap
3/4.19.3
a
than:
pd in kgf/mm2
N
21 2 10 2
Ap
pd in psi
N
21 16 10 2
Ap
Nozzle Cylinder
Shell Plate Thickness. The thickness of the nozzle shell plating, in mm (in.), is not to be less
t = to + tc, but not to be taken less than 7.5 (0.3) mm (in.)

where
to
thickness obtained from the following formula:
cn S p pd
cn
Sp
spacing of ring webs in mm (in.)
pd
nozzle design pressure in N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi), as defined in 3/4.19.2
tc
corrosion allowance determined by Table 3/4.4
Kn
nozzle material factor as defined in 3/5.1.2
mm (in.)
TABLE 3/4.3 Coefficient cn (2009)
cn
pd in N/mm2
pd in kgf/mm2
pd in psi
1.58 10-1
4.95 10-1
1.32 10-2
TABLE 3/4.4 Coefficient tc (2009)

Value of to
tc
mm (in.)
If to 10.0 (0.4)
1.5 (0.06)
If to > 10.0 (0.4)
the lesser of b1, b2
where
b1 =
3.0 (0.12) mm (in.)
t
t
b2 = o + 5 10 1 mm or b2 = o + 0.2 10 1 in.
K
K
n
n
b Internal Diaphragm Thickness. Thickness of nozzle internal ring web is not to be less than
the required nozzle shell plating for Zone 3.
3/4.19.4
Nozzle Section Modulus
The minimum requirement for nozzle section modulus is obtained from the following formula:
SM = d2 b Vd2 Q n cm3 (in3)
where
d
nozzle inner diameter, in m (ft)
nozzle length, in m (ft)
Vd
design speed in ahead condition, in knots, as defined in 3/5.2.1
reduction factor conditional on material type
1.0
for ordinary strength steel
0.78
for H32 strength steel
0.72
0.68
Q factor for steel having yield strength other than above is to be specially
considered.
n
nozzle type coefficient taken equal to 0.7 (0.0012) for fixed nozzles
FIGURE 3/4.1 Nozzle Ring Section View (2009)

Zone 4
Zone 3
Zone 2
Zone 1
3/4.19.5
Welding Requirement
The inner and outer nozzle shell plating is to be welded to the internal stiffening ring webs with
double continuous welds as far as practicable. Plug/slot welding is prohibited for the inner shell, but
may be accepted for the outer shell plating, provided that the nozzle ring web spacing is not greater
than 350 mm (13.8 in.).
PART 3
SECTION 5
RUDDERS (2009)
(Revise Section 3/5, as follows.)
3/5.1
General
3/5.1.1
Application
Requirements specified in this Section are applicable to:

i)
Ordinary profile rudders described in Table 3/5.1A with rudder operating angle range from
35 to +35.
ii)
High-lift rudders described in Table 3/5.1B, the rudder operating angle of which might be
exceeding 35 on each side at maximum design speed.
Rudders not covered in Table 3/5.1A nor in Table 3/5.1B are subject to special consideration,
provided that all the required calculations are prepared and submitted for review in full compliance
with the requirements in this section.
Special consideration will be given to aluminum rudder stocks and fiber reinforced plastic rudders and
rudder stocks. Material specifications are to be listed on the plans.
4
3/5.1.2
Rudder and Rudder Stock Materials
Rudder stocks, pintles, coupling bolts, and keys are to be of material in accordance with the requirements
of Chapter 1 of the ABS Rules for Materials and Welding (Part 2). The Surveyor needs not witness
material tests for coupling bolts and keys. The surfaces of rudder stocks in way of exposed bearings
are to be of non-corrosive material.
Material factors of castings and forgings used for the shoe piece (Kg), horn (Kh), stock (Ks), bolts (Kb),
coupling flange (Kf), pintles (Kp), and nozzles (Kn) are to be obtained for their respective material from
the following equation:
K = (ny /Y )e
where
ny
235 N/mm2 (24 kgf/mm2, 34000 psi)
specified minimum yield strength of the material, in N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi), but is
not to be taken as greater than 0.7U or 450 N/mm2 (46 kgf/mm2, 65000 psi),
whichever is lesser
minimum tensile strength of material used, in N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi)
1.0 for Y 235 N/mm2 (24 kgf/mm2, 34000 psi)
0.75 for Y > 235 N/mm2 (24 kgf/mm2, 34000 psi)
3/5.1.3
Expected Torque
The torque considered necessary to operate the rudder in accordance with 4/8.8.2, is to be indicated on
the submitted rudder or steering gear plan. See 4/8.1.3 and 3/5.2.2c.
Note that this expected torque is not the design torque for rudder scantlings.
3/5.1.4
Rudder Stops
Strong and effective structural rudder stops are to be fitted. Where adequate positive mechanical stops
are provided within the steering gear in accordance with 4/8.3.1, structural stops will not be required.
3/5.2
Rudder Design Force
Rudder force, CR, upon which rudder scantlings are to be based, is to be obtained from equation described
either in Section 3/5.2.1 or Section 3/5.2.2 as applicable. Where for the ordinary rudders the rudder
angle, , exceeds 35, the rudder force, CR, is to be increased by a factor of 1.74 sin ().
3/5.2.1
Rudder Blades without Cutouts
Where the rudder profile can be defined by a single quadrilateral, the rudder force is to be obtained
from the following equation.
CR = n kRkcklAVR2
kN (tf, Ltf)
where
n
0.132 (0.0135, 0.00123)
kR
(b2/At + 2)/3 but not taken more than 1.33
mean height of rudder area, in m (ft), as determined from Figure 3/5.1
At
sum of rudder blade area, A, and the area of rudder post or rudder horn within the
extension of rudder profile, in m2 (ft2)
total projected area of rudder as illustrated in Figure 3/5.11, in m2 (ft2)

For steering nozzles, A is not to be taken less than 1.35 times the projected area of
the nozzle.
kc
coefficient depending on rudder cross section as indicated in Table 3/5.1A and

3/5.1B. For cross section differing from those in Table 3/5.1A and 3/5.1B, kc is
subject to special consideration.
kl
coefficient as specified in Table 3/5.2
VR
craft speed, in knots
for ahead condition VR equals Vd or Vmin, whichever is greater
for astern condition VR equals Va or 0.5Vd, or 0.5Vmin, whichever is greater
Vd
design speed in knots with the craft running ahead at the maximum continuous
rated shaft rpm and at the summer load waterline
Va
maximum astern speed in knots
Vmin =
3/5.2.2
(Vd + 20)/3
Rudder Blades with Cutouts
This paragraph applies to rudders with cutouts (semi-spade rudders), such that the whole blade area
cannot be adequately defined by a single quadrilateral. See Figure 3/5.2. Equations derived in this
paragraph are based on a cutout blade with two quadrilaterals. Where more quadrilaterals are needed
to define the rudder shape, similar rules apply.
The total rudder force described in 3/5.2.1 is applicable for rudders with cutout(s), with A being the
summation of sub-quadrilaterals that make up the whole area of the rudder blade. Rudder force
distribution over each quadrilateral is to be obtained from the following equations:
CR1 = CRA1/A
kN (tf, Ltf)
CR2 = CRA2/A
kN (tf, Ltf)
where
CR and A are as defined in 3/5.2.1
A1 and A2 are as described in Figure 3/5.2.
TABLE 3/5.1A Coefficient kc for Ordinary Rudders (2009)

Profile Type
1
kc
Ahead Condition
Astern Condition
1.0
1.0
1.1
0.80
1.1
0.90
1.21
0.90
1.35
0.90
Single plate
NACA-OO
Gttingen
Flat side
Mixed
(e.g., HSVA)
Hollow
TABLE 3/5.1B Coefficient kc for High-Lift/Performance Rudders (2009)

Profile Type
1
kc
Ahead Condition
Astern Condition
1.4
0.8
1.7
1.3
1.9
1.5
Fish tail
(e.g., Schilling high-lift
rudder)
Flap rudder
2
Rudder with steering nozzle
3
FIGURE 3/5.1 Rudder Blade without Cutouts (2009)

z3 + z4 - z2 - z1
2
x3 + x2 - x1 - x4
c=
2
b=
z (vert)
Rudder Stock
Centerline
A (see 3/5.2.1)
Af (see 3/5.3.2)
3
c
A
Af
x (fwd)
2
1
FIGURE 3/5.2 Rudder Blade with Cutouts (2009)

z3 + z4 - z2 - z1
2
x 6 + x3 - x 4 - x 7
c1=
2
x 2 + x5 - x 1 - x 7
c2=
2
b=
Rudder Stock
Centerline
z (vert)
A1 (see 3/5.2.2)
A2 (see 3/5.2.2)
A1f, A2f (see 3/5.3.3)
A1f
C1
A1
b
5
A2
A2f
C2
x (fwd)
1
3/5.3
Rudder Design Torque
3/5.3.1
General
The rudder design torque, QR, for rudder scantling calculations is to be in accordance with 3/5.3.2 or
3/5.3.3 as applicable.
3/5.3.2
Rudder Blades without Cutouts
Rudder torque, QR, is to be determined from the following equation for both ahead and astern conditions.
QR = CRr
kN-m (tf-m, Ltf-ft)
where
CR
rudder force as calculated in 3/5.2.1
c( k) (but not less than 0.1c for ahead condition)
mean breadth of rudder area, as shown in Figure 3/5.1, in m (ft)
Af /A
Af
area of rudder blade situated forward of the centerline of the rudder stock, in m2 (ft2),
as shown in Figure 3/5.1
whole rudder area as described in 3/5.2.1
TABLE 3/5.2 Coefficient kl (2009)

Rudder/Propeller Layout
kl
0.8
Rudders outside propeller jet

Rudders behind a fixed
propeller nozzle
All others
1.15
1.0
TABLE 3/5.3 Coefficient (2009)

Rudder Position
or High-lift
Located behind a fixed
structure, such as a rudder
horn
Located where no fixed
structure forward of it
High-Lift Rudders
(see Table 3/5.1B)
Ahead Condition
Astern Condition
0.25
0.55
0.33
0.66
Special
consideration
(0.40 if unknown)
Special
consideration
3/5.3.3
Rudder Blades with Cutouts
This paragraph refers to rudder blades with cutouts (semi-spade rudders) as defined in 3/5.2.2.
Equations derived in this paragraph are based on a cutout blade with two quadrilaterals. Where more
quadrilaterals are needed to define the rudder shape, similar rules apply.
Total rudder torque, QR, in ahead and astern conditions is to be obtained from the following equation:
QR = CR1 r1 + CR2 r2
kN-m (tf-m, Ltf-ft)
but not to be taken less than QRmin in the ahead condition

where
QRmin =
0.1CR (A1c1 + A2c2)/A
r1
c1( k1 ) m (ft)
r2
c2( k2 ) m (ft)
c1, c2
mean breadth of partial area A1, A2, from Figure 3/A2
coefficient as indicated in Table 3/A.3
k1, k2
A1f /A1, A2f /A2 where A1f, A2f = area of rudder blade situated forward of the
centerline of the rudder stock for each part of the rudder, as shown in Figure
3/A.2
CR, CR1, CR2, A1, A2 are as defined in 3/5.2.2.
3/5.3.4
Trial Conditions
The above equations for QR are intended for the design of rudders and should not be directly
compared with the torque expected during the trial (see 3/5.1.3) or the rated torque of steering gear
(see 4/8.1.3).
3/5.5
Rudder Stocks
3/5.5.1
Upper Rudder Stocks
The upper rudder stock is that part of the rudder stock above the neck bearing or above the top pintle,
as the case may be.
S = N u 3 QR K S mm (in.)
where
3/5.5.2
Nu
42.0 (89.9, 2.39)
QR
rudder torque, as defined in 3/5.3, in kN-m (tf-m, Ltf-m)
Ks
material factor for upper rudder stock, as defined in 3/5.1.2
Lower Rudder Stocks
In determining lower rudder stock scantlings, values of rudder force and torque calculated in 3/5.2 and
3/5.3 are to be used. Bending moments, shear forces, as well as the reaction forces are to be
determined from 3/5.5.3 and 3/5.11.3, and are to be submitted for review. For rudders supported by
shoe pieces or rudder horns, these structures are to be included in the calculation model to account for
support of the rudder body. Guidance for calculation of these values is given in Appendix 3/A.
10
The lower rudder stock diameter is not to be less than obtained from the following equation:
S l = S 6 1 + (4 / 3)( M/QR ) 2 mm (in.)

where
S
upper stock required diameter from 3/5.5.1, in mm (in.)
Sl
lower stock required diameter.
bending moment at the station of the rudder stock considered, in kN-m (tf-m, Ltf-ft)
QR
rudder torque from 3/5.3, in kN-m (tf-m, Ltf-ft)
Above the neck bearing a gradual transition is to be provided where there is a change in the diameter
of the rudder stock.
3/5.5.3
Bending Moments
The bending moment on the rudder and rudder stock may be determined in accordance with Appendix
3/A or in accordance with the following equations:
a
Spade Rudders
Mn = CR ln
Ms = CR
kN-m (Ltf-ft)
A1
l c kN-m (Ltf-ft)
A
where
Mn
bending moment at neck bearing.
Ms
bending moment at section under consideration.
ln
distance from center of neck bearing to the centroid of rudder area, m (ft)
lc
distance from section under consideration to the centroid of rudder area,

A1, m (ft)
A1
area below section under consideration, m2 (ft2)
CR and A are defined in 3/5.2.

b
Balanced Rudders with Shoepiece Support
The bending moment at the neck bearing may be taken as indicated below. Bending moments
at other locations are to be determined by direct calculation and are to be submitted. See
Appendix 3/A for guidance in calculating bending moments.
Mn = NCRlb
kN-m (Ltf-ft)
where
Mn
bending moment at neck bearing
lb
distance between center of neck bearing and center of shoepiece pintle

bearing, m (ft)
0 .5 + 1
l u Ib
1 + 11 +
l b I u
11
l3b I d
l3s I b
Id
mean moment of inertia of shoepiece about the vertical axis, cm4 (in4)
ls
distance between center of shoepiece pintle bearing and the effective

support point of the shoepiece in the hull, m (ft)
Ib
mean moment of inertia of the rudder, cm4 (in4), considering a width of

rudder plating twice the athwartship dimension of the rudder and
excluding welded or bolted cover plates for access to pintles, inc.
lu
distance between center of the neck bearing and the center of the rudder
carrier bearing, m (ft)
Iu
mean moment of inertia of rudder stock, between neck bearing and

rudder carrier bearing, cm4, (in4)
CR is as defined in 3/5.2.
3/5.7
Flange Couplings
3/5.7.1
General
Rudder flange couplings are to comply with the following requirements:

i)
Couplings are to be supported by an ample body of metal worked out from the rudder stock.
ii)
The smallest distance from the edge of the bolt holes to the edge of the flange is not to be less
than two-thirds of the bolt diameter.
iii)
Coupling bolts are to be fitted bolts.
iv)
Suitable means are to be provided for locking the nuts in place.
In addition to the above, rudder flange couplings are to meet the type-specific requirements in 3/5.7.2
(horizontal couplings) or 3/5.7.3 (vertical couplings) as applicable.
3/5.7.2
a
Horizontal Couplings
Coupling Bolts
There are to be at least six coupling bolts in horizontal couplings, and the diameter, db, of
each bolt is not to be less than obtained by the following equation:
db = 0.62 d s3 Kb /( nrK s )
mm (in.)
where
12
ds
required rudder stock diameter, S (3/5.5.1) or Sl (3/5.5.2) as applicable, in

way of the coupling
total number of bolts in the horizontal coupling
mean distance, in mm (in.), of the bolt axes from the center of the bolt
system
Kb
material factor for bolts, as defined in 3/5.1.2
Ks
material factor for stock, as defined in 3/5.1.2
Coupling Flange
Coupling flange thickness is not to be less than the greater of the following equations:
tf = dbt K f /( Kb )
mm (in.)
tf = 0.9dbt
mm (in.)
where
3/5.7.3
a
dbt
calculated bolt diameter as per 3/5.7.2a based on a number of bolts not

exceeding 8
Kf
material factor for flange, as defined in 3/5.1.2
Kb
material factor of bolts, as defined in 3/5.1.2
Vertical Couplings
Coupling Bolts
There are to be at least eight coupling bolts in vertical couplings and the diameter, db, of each
bolt is not to be less than obtained from the following equation:
db = 0.81ds Kb /( nK s ) mm (in.)
where
n
total number of bolts
ds, Kb, Ks are as defined in 3/5.7.2.

In addition, the first moment of area, m, of the bolts about the center of the coupling is not to
be less than given by the following equation:
m = 0.00043ds3 mm3 (in3)
where
ds
b
diameter as defined in 3/5.7.2
Coupling Flange
Coupling flange thickness, tf, is not to be less than db, as defined in 3/5.7.3a.
3/5.9
Tapered Stock Couplings
3/5.9.1
Coupling Taper
Tapered stock couplings are to comply with the following general requirements in addition to typespecific requirements given in 3/5.9.2 or 3/5.9.3 as applicable:
i)
Tapered stocks, as shown in Figure 3/5.3, are to be effectively secured to the rudder casting
by a nut on the end.
ii)
Taper length (l) in the casting is generally not to be less than 1.5 times the stock diameter (do)
at the top of the rudder.
iii)
The taper on diameter (c) is to be 1/12 to 1/8 for keyed taper couplings and 1/20 to 1/12 for
couplings with hydraulic mounting/dismounting arrangements, as shown in the following
table.
iv)
Where mounting with an oil injection and hydraulic nut, the push-up oil pressure and the
push-up length are to be specially considered upon submission of calculations.
13
c=
Type of Coupling Assembly

Without hydraulic
mounting/dismounting
With hydraulic
mounting/dismounting
do du
l
1/12 c 1/8
1/20 c 1/12
FIGURE 3/5.3 Tapered Couplings (2009)
du
l do 1.5
do
l do 1.5
do
du
hn
Locking
Nut
Securing
Flat Bar
dg
dg
dn
d1
a) Keyed Fitting
b) Keyless Fitting
3/5.9.2
Keyed Fitting
Where the stock is keyed, the key is to be fitted in accordance with the following:
i)
The top of the keyway is to be located well below the top of the rudder.
ii)
Torsional strength of the key equivalent to that of the required upper stock is to be provided.
iii)
The effective shear area* of the key is not to be less than Ak, given below.
Ak =
Y
S3
S
5.1rmd YK
where
14
Ak
shear area of key; mm2 (in2)
required upper stock diameter; mm (in.); as determined by 3/5.5.1
rmd
offered radius of tapered stock at mid length of the bearing surface of the
key; mm (in.)
YS
specified minimum yield strength of keyway material; N/mm2 (kgf/mm2,

psi)
YK
specified minimum yield strength of key material; N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi)

iv)
In general, the key material is to be at least of equal strength to the keyway material. For keys
of higher strength materials, shear and bearing areas of keys and keyways may be based on
the respective material properties of the keys and the keyways, provided that compatibilities
in mechanical properties of both components are fully considered. In no case, is the bearing
stress of the key on the keyway to exceed 90% of the specified minimum yield strength of the
keyway material.
* Note:
The effective area is to be the gross area reduced by any area removed by saw cuts, set screw holes, chamfer, etc.,
and is to exclude the portion of the key in way of spooning of the key way.
3/5.9.3
Keyless Fitting
Hydraulic and shrink fit keyless couplings are to be fitted in accordance with the following:
i)
Hydraulic pressure is to be specially considered upon submittal of detailed preloading stress

calculations and fitting instructions;
ii)
The calculated torsional holding capacity is to be at least 2.0 times the transmitted torque
based on the steering gear relief valve setting;
iii)
Preload stress is not to exceed 70% of the minimum yield strength of either the stock or the
bore;
iv)
Prior to applying hydraulic pressure, at least 75% of theoretical contact area of rudder stock
and rudder bore is to be achieved in an evenly distributed manner;
v)
The upper edge of the upper main piece bore is to have a slight radius;
vi)
The locking nut is to be fitted in accordance with 3/5.9.4.
3/5.9.4
Locking Nut
Dimensions of the securing nut, as shown in Figure 3/5.3, are to be proportioned in accordance with
the following and the nut is to be fitted with an effective locking device.
Height
hn 0.6 dg
Outer diameter of nut
dn 1.2du or 1.5dg, whichever is greater
External thread diameter
dg 0.65 do
In the case of a hydraulic pressure secured nut, a securing device such as a securing flat bar is to be
provided. Calculations proving the effectiveness of the securing device are to be submitted.
3/5.11
Pintles
3/5.11.1
General
i)
Pintles are to be fitted in the gudgeons by conical attachment to the full extent of the gudgeon
depth
ii)
The depth of the pintle boss is not to be less than the required pintle diameter dp, and bearing
length is to between 1.0 and 1.2 times dp.
iii)
The taper on the diameter is to be:

1/12 to 1/8
for keyed and other manually assembled pintles with locking nut.
1/20 to 1/12
for pintle mounted with oil injection and hydraulic nut.
iv)
Threads and nuts are to be in accordance with 3/5.9.4.
v)
For rudders on horns with two pintles, as shown in 3-2-13/Figure 3b of the Steel Vessel Rules,
calculations are to include pintle bearing forces with the craft running ahead at the maximum
continuous rated shaft rpm and at the lightest operating draft.
vi)
The bearing allowable pressure is to be in accordance with Table 3/5.6.
15
3/5.11.2
Diameter
The diameter of the pintles is not to be less than obtained from the following equation.
d p = k1 BK p mm (in.)
where
k1
11.1 (34.7, 1.38)
bearing force, in kN (tf, Ltf), from 3-2-8/13.5 but not to be taken less than Bmin as
specified in Table 3/5.4
Kp
material factor for the pintle, as defined in 3/5.1.2
TABLE 3/5.4 Minimum Bearing Force Bmin (2009)

Bmin
Pintle Type
0.5 CR
Conventional two pintle rudder

Figure 3/A.2
lower pintle
0.5 CR
Figure 3/A.3
main pintle
CRla/lp*
3-2-13/Figure 3 of the Steel

Vessel Rules
main pintle
CRla/lp*
upper pintle
0.25 CR
Bmin = CR where la/lp 1

la, lp
3/5.11.3
as described in 3-2-13/Figure 3 of the Steel Vessel Rules
Shear and Bearing Forces
The shear and bearing forces may be determined in accordance with Appendix 3/A, or by the
equations given below.
a
Spade Rudder
Bearing force at rudder carrier: Pu =
Mn
lu
kN (tf, Ltf)
Bearing force at neck bearing: Pn = CR + Pu
kN (tf, Ltf)
Shear force at neck bearing:
kN (tf, Ltf)
Fn = CR
where CR is as defined in 3/5.2 and lu is as defined in 3/5.5.3b.

b
Balanced Rudder with Shoepiece Support
Bearing force at rudder carrier: Pu =
Mn
lu
kN (tf, Ltf)
l C l
Bearing force at neck bearing: Pn = Pu 1 + u + R R + l p

l
l
2
b
b
16
kN (tf Ltf)
where
=
distance between the center of neck bearing support and the center of
shoepiece support, as shown in Figure 3/A.2
lp + lr + ll
lp
distance between bottom of rudder blade and center of support of neck

bearing
ll
distance between top of rudder blade and center of support of neck

bearing
lb
Bearing force at shoepiece:
Pp = CR + Pu Pn
kN (tf, Ltf)
but not less than 0.5CR
Shear force at neck bearing:
Fn = Pn Pu
kN (tf, Ltf)
where CR is as defined in 3/5.2.
3/5.13
Supporting and Anti-Lifting Arrangements
3/5.13.1
Rudder Stock and Pintle Bearings
a Bearing Surfaces. Bearing surfaces for rudder stocks, shafts and pintles are to meet the
following requirements:
i)
The length/diameter ratio (lb/dl) of the bearing surface is not to be greater than 1.2
ii)
The projected area of the bearing surface (Ab = dl lb) is not to be taken less than Abmin,
where
dl
outer diameter of the liner, in mm (in.)
lb
bearing length, in mm (in.)
Abmin =
k1
P
qa
mm2 (in2)
k1
1000 (2240)
bearing reaction force, in kN (tf, Ltf), as determined from Table 3/5.5
qa
allowable surface pressure, as indicated in Table 3/5.6, depending on bearing

material, in N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi)
TABLE 3/5.5 Bearing Reaction Force (2009)
Bearing Type
Pintle bearings
Other bearings
P, Bearing Reaction Force

kN (tf, Ltf)
P = B as defined in 3/5.11
Calculation of P is to be submitted.
Guidelines for calculation can be
found in Appendix 3/A
17
TABLE 3/5.6 Bearing Pressure (2009)

qa
N/mm2
qa kgf/mm2
psi
lignum vitae
2.5
0.25
360
white metal, oil lubricated
4.5
0.46
650
Synthetic material with hardness between 60 and 70 Shore D*
5.5
0.56
800
7.0
0.71
1000
Bearing Material
Steel , bronze and hot-pressed bronze-graphite materals
Higher values than given in the table may be taken if they are verified by tests.
Stainless and wear-resistant steel in an approved combination with stock liner.
Indentation hardness test at 23C and with 50% moisture, according to a recognized standard.
Synthetic bearing materials to be of approved type.
b Bearing Clearance. With metal bearings clearance is not to be less than db/1000 + 1.0 mm,
(db/1000 + 0.04 in.) on the diameter. If non-metallic bearing material is applied, the bearing clearance
is to be specially determined considering the materials swelling and thermal expansion properties.
This clearance is in no case to be less than 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) on diameter or the bushing
manufacturers recommended clearance.
For spade rudders with a rudder stock diameter of 400 mm (15.75 in.) or less, the clearances on the
diameter are not to be less than given below:
Stock Diameter, mm (in.)
Metallic Bushing, mm (in.)
Synthetic Bushing (1), mm (in.)
400 (15.75)
1.15 (0.045)
1.15 (0.045) + E (2)
300 (11.81)
0.85 (0.033)
0.85 (0.033) + E
200 (7.87)
0.78 (0.031)
0.78 (0.031) + E
100 (3.94)
0.75 (0.030)
0.75 (0.030) + E
Notes
3/5.13.2
The bushing manufacturers recommended running clearance may be used as an alternative to

these clearances.
E = expansion allowance provided by bushing manufacturer, mm (in.).
Rudder Carrier
The weight of the rudder assembly is to be supported by a rudder carrier mounted on the hull structure
designed for that purpose. At least half of the rudder carrier holding-down bolts are to be fitted bolts.
Alternative means of preventing horizontal movement of the rudder carrier may be considered.
3/5.13.3
Anti-Lifting Devices
Means are to be provided to prevent accidental unshipping or undue movement of the rudder which may
cause damage to the steering gear. There are to be at least two bolts in the joint of the anti-lifting ring.
3/5.15
Double Plate Rudder
3/5.15.1
Strength
The section modulus and web area of the rudder mainpiece are to be such that the stresses indicated in
the following Subparagraphs are not exceeded.
In calculating the section modulus of the rudder, the effective width of side plating is to be taken as
not greater than twice the athwartship dimension of the rudder. Welded or bolted cover plates on
access openings to pintles are not to be considered effective in determining the section modulus of the
rudder. Generous radii are to be provided at abrupt changes in section where there are stress
concentrations, including in way of openings and cover plates.
18
Moments, shear forces and reaction forces are to be as given in 3/5.3.3 and 3/5.11.3.
a
Clear of Cutouts
Bending stress
b = K/Q
N/mm2 (kgf /mm2, psi)
Shear stress
= K/Q
Equivalent stress
e = b 2 + 3 2 = Ke/Q
where
Q
b
SI units
110
MKS units
11.2
US units
15,900
50
5.1
7,300
Ke
120
12.2
17,400
as defined in 3/6.1.1a
In way of Cutouts
Allowable stresses for determining the rudder strength in way of cutouts (see Figure 3/5.4) are
as follows:
Bending stress
b = K/Q
Shear stress
= K/Q
Equivalent stress
e = b 2 + 3 2 = Ke/Q
where
SI units
75
MKS units
7.65
US units
10,900
50
5.1
7,300
Ke
100
10.2
14,500
19
FIGURE 3/5.4 (2009)
In way of cutouts
r1
r2
6r1
6r1
6r2
6r2
X
Note:
r1 = corner radius of rudder plate in way of
portable bolted inspection hole
r2 = corner radius of rudder plate
The mainpiece of the rudder is to be formed by the rudder side plating (but not more than the effective
width indicated above) and vertical diaphragms extending the length of the rudder or the extension of
the rudder stock or a combination of both.
For spade rudders, the section modulus at the bottom of the rudder is not to be less than one-third the
required section modulus of the rudder at the top of the rudder or at the center of the lowest pintle.
Where rudders have an unsymmetrical foil section (e.g., reaction rudder) details of the rudder are to
be submitted.
Special attention is to be paid in design and construction of rudders with slender foil sections in the
vicinity of their trailing edge (e.g., hollow foil sections, fishtail foil sections). Where the width of the
rudder blade at the aftermost vertical diaphragm is equal or less than 1/6 of the trailing edge length
measured between the diaphragm and the trailing edge, vibration analysis of the rudder blade is also
to be submitted for review.
3/5.15.2
Side, Top, and Bottom Plating
The plating thickness is not to be less than obtained from the following equation:
t = 0.0055s k1 d + (k2CR / A) Q + k3 mm (in.)
where
20
k1
1.0 (1.0, 0.305)
k2
0.1 (0.981, 10.7)
k3
2.5 (2.5, 0.1)
summer loadline draft of the craft, in m (ft)
CR
rudder force according to 3-2-8/3, in kN (tf, Ltf)
rudder area, in m2 (ft2)
smaller unsupported dimension of plating, in mm (in.)
greater unsupported dimension of plating, in mm (in.)
1.1 0.5( s / b) 2 ; maximum 1.0 for b/s 2.5

material factor for rudder plating, as defined in 3/6.1.1a
The thickness of the rudder side or bottom plating is to be at least 2 mm (0.08 in.) greater than that
required by 3/9.1.2a with p obtained from 3/8.6.1, for which h is measured from the lower edge of the
plate to the design waterline in displacement mode.
3/5.15.3
Diaphragm Plates
Vertical and horizontal diaphragms are to be fitted within the rudder, effectively attached to each other
and to the side plating. Vertical diaphragms are to be spaced approximately 1.5 times the spacing of
horizontal diaphragms. Openings are in general not to be more than 0.5 times the depth of the web.
The thickness of diaphragm plates is not to be less than 70% of the required rudder side plate thickness
or 8 mm (0.31 in.) whichever is greater. Openings in diaphragms are not to exceed one half their depth.
Welding is to be in accordance with Section 2-4-1 of the ABS Rules for Materials and Welding (Part 2)
and Section 3/23 of this Guide. Where inaccessible for welding inside the rudder, it is recommended
that diaphragms be fitted with flat bars and the side plating be connected to these flat bars by
continuous welds or by 75 mm (3 in.) slot welds spaced at 150 mm (6 in.) centers. The slots are to be
fillet welded around the edge, and filled with a suitable compound.
3/5.15.4
Watertightness
The rudder is to be watertight and is to be tested in accordance with Table/1/2.1.
3/5.17
Single Plate Rudder
3/5.17.1
Mainpiece Diameter
The mainpiece diameter is calculated according to 3/5.5.2. For spade rudders, the lower third may be
tapered down to 0.75 times stock diameter at the bottom of the rudder.
3/5.17.2
Blade Thickness
The blade thickness is not to be less than obtained from the following equation:
tb = 0.0015sVR + 2.5 mm
tb = 0.0015sVR + 0.1 in.
where
s
spacing of stiffening arms, in mm (in.), not to exceed 1000 mm (39 in.)
VR
speed, as defined in 3/5.2.1
3/5.17.3
Arms
The thickness of the arms is not to be less than the blade thickness obtained in 3/5.17.2. The section
modulus of each set of arms about the axis of the rudder stock is not to be less than obtained from the
following equation:
SM = 0.0005 sC12V2 cm3
SM = 0.0000719 sC12V2 in3
where
C1
horizontal distance from the aft edge of the rudder to the centerline of the rudder
stock, in m (ft)
s, VR are defined in 3/5.17.2.
3/5.19
Shelled Rudder Blades
Rudder blades that are constructed out of cast resilient polymers or filled FRP shells are to have a
solid metallic core that complies with the requirements for single plate rudders, see 3/5.17.
21
PART 3
APPENDIX A
GUIDELINES FOR CALCULATING BENDING MOMENT AND SHEAR

FORCE IN RUDDERS AND RUDDER STOCKS
(Add new Subsections 3/A.3 and 3/A.5, as follows.)
3/A.3
Rudder Supported by Shoepiece
3/A.3.1
Shear Force, Bending Moment and Reaction Forces
Shear force, bending moment and reaction forces may be calculated according to the model given in
Figure 3/A.2.
=
rudder load per unit length
CR
lR
CR
rudder force, as defined in 3/5.2
ks
spring constant reflecting support of the shoepiece
ns I s
ns
6.18 (0.630, 279)
Is
moment of inertia of shoepiece about the vertical axis, in cm4 (in4)
Iu
moment of inertia of the rudder stock above the neck bearing, in cm4 (in4)
Il
moment of inertia of the rudder stock below the neck bearing, in cm4 (in4)
IR
moment of inertia of the rudder about the longitudinal axis, in cm4 (in4)
Ip
moment of inertia of the pintle, in cm4 (in4)
wR
kN/m (tf/m, Ltf/ft)
where
l3s
kN/m (tf/m, Ltf/ft)
ll, ls, lR and lu are dimensions as indicated in Figure 3/A.2, in m (ft).
22
FIGURE 2
Rudder Supported by Shoepiece
lu
ll
lb
lR
wR
lp
ks
ls
3/A.5
Rudder Supported by a Horn with One Pintle
3/A.5.1
Shear Force, Bending Moment and Reaction Forces
Shear force, bending moment and reaction forces are to be assessed by the simplified beam model
shown in Figure 3/A.3.
=
rudder load per unit length above pintle
CR1
l R1
rudder load per unit length below pintle
CR 2
l R2
CR1
rudder force, as defined in 3/5.2.2
CR2
rudder force, as defined in 3/5.2.2
wR1
wR2
kN/m (tf/m, Ltf/ft)
kN/m (tf/m, Ltf/ft)
where
23
kh
=
=
spring constant reflecting support of the horn

1
s
i e 2 l h
3
t
lh
+ i 2
nb I h
nt a
kN/m (tf/m, Ltf/ft)
nb
4.75 (0.485, 215)
nt
3.17 (0.323, 143)
mean area enclosed by the outside lines of the rudder horn, in cm2 (in2)
si
the girth length of each segment of the horn of thickness ti, in cm (in.)
ti
the thickness of each segment of horn outer shell of length si, in cm (in.)
Ih
moment of inertia of horn section at lh about the longitudinal axis, in cm4 (in4)
e, lh, lR1 and lR2 are dimensions as indicated in Figure 3/A.3, in m (ft).
FIGURE 3
Rudder Supported by a Horn with One Pintle (2009)
lu
ll
lR1
lh
e
lh
kh
lR2
24
wR1
wR2
PART 4
MACHINERY EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS
SECTION 1
CONDITIONS OF CLASSIFICATION OF MACHINERY
4/1.11
Machinery Plans & Data

(Add two new items to 4/1.11 Fire Safety, as follows.)
Fire Safety
Arrangement and details of control station for emergency closing of openings and stopping
machinery
Details and location of firemans outfits
Details of fire extinguishing appliances
Fire control plans (see 4/9.1.7)
Plans of the following systems:
Fire main system
Foam smothering system
Fire detection systems
Fixed gas extinguishing system
Fixed water spraying system
Other fire extinguishing arrangements
(2010) The most severe service condition for the operation of the emergency fire pump (e.g.
lightest draft as shown in Trim and Stability Booklet, etc.)
(2010) Calculations and pump data demonstrating that the emergency fire pump system can
meet the operational requirements specified in 4/9.3.2 with the proposed pump location and
piping arrangements (e.g. adequate suction lift, discharge pressure, capacity, etc.) at the most
severe service condition
PART 4
SECTION 5
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
PART A
SYSTEMS
4/5A2
Craft Service Main Source of Power
4/5A2.1
Power Supply by Generator

(Revise Subparagraphs 4/5A2.1.2 and 4/5A2.1.3, as follows.)
4/5A2.1.2
Capacity of Generators (2010)
The capacity of the generating sets is to be such that in the event of any one generating set being
stopped, it will still be possible without recourse to the emergency source of power to supply those
services necessary to provide normal operational conditions of propulsion and safety, preservation of
the cargo and minimum comfortable conditions of habitability, which are to include at least adequate
services for cooking, heating, domestic refrigeration, mechanical ventilation, sanitary and fresh water.
See also 4-6-2/3.1.6. In addition, the generating sets are to be such that with any one generator or its
primary source of power out of operation, the remaining generating sets are capable of providing the
electrical services necessary to start the main propulsion plant in conjunction with other machinery, as
appropriate, from a dead ship condition, as defined in 4-1-1/13.21, within thirty minutes of the
blackout. See also 4-6-2/3.1.3.
25
4/5A2.1.3
Starting from Dead Craft Condition (2010)
The generating sets are to be such that with any one generator or its primary source of power out of
operation, the remaining generating sets are capable of providing the electrical services necessary to
start the main propulsion plant from a dead craft condition. The emergency source of electrical power
may be used for the purpose of starting from a dead craft condition if its capacity either alone or
combined with that of any other available source of electrical power is sufficient to provide at the
same time those services required to be supplied by 4/5A3.3.2 to 4/5A3.3.3.
4/5A9
Manually Operated Alarms

(Revise Paragraph 4/5A9.1, as follows.)
4/5A9.1
General Emergency Alarm System (2010)
Each craft over 100 GT is to be fitted with a general emergency alarm. The system is to be
supplemented by either a public address system, in accordance with 4-6-2/15.9, or other suitable
means of communication. Any entertainment sound system is to be automatically turned off when the
general emergency alarm is activated. For passenger vessels, see also 5/13.13 and 5/13.15 of the
Guide for Building and Classing Passenger Vessels.
a The general emergency alarm system is to be capable of sounding the general emergency
alarm signal consisting of seven or more short blasts followed by one long blast on the crafts whistle
or siren and additionally on an electrically operated bell or klaxon or other equivalent warning system,
which is to be powered from the crafts main supply and the emergency source of electrical power
required by 4/5A3, as appropriate.
b There are to be not less than two sources of power supply for the electrical equipment used in
the operation of the General Emergency Alarm System, one of which is to be from the emergency
switchboard and the other from the main switchboard. The supply is to be provided by separate
feeders reserved solely for that purpose. Such feeders are to run to an automatic change-over switch
situated in, or adjacent to, the main general emergency alarm control panel.
c An alarm is to be provided to indicate when there is a loss of power in any one of the feeders
required by 4/5A9.1b.
d As an alternative to two feeders as described in 4/5A9.1b, a battery may be considered as one
of the required sources, provided the battery has the capacity of at least 30 minutes of continuous
operation for alarming and 18 hours in standby. A low voltage alarm for the battery and the battery
charger output is to be provided. The battery charger is to be supplied from the emergency switchboard.
e The system is to be capable of operation from the operating compartment and, except for
crafts whistle, also from other strategic points. The system is to be audible throughout all of the
accommodation and normal crew working spaces and open decks, and its sound pressure level is to be
at least 10 dB(A) above ambient noise levels under way in normal cruise operation. The alarm is to
continue to function after it has been triggered until it is manually turned off or is temporarily
interrupted by a message on the public address system.
26
4/5A10
Fire Protection and Fire Detection Systems
4/5A10.1
Emergency Stop
(Revise Subparagraph 4/5A10.1.2, as follows.)
4/5A10.1.2
Other Auxiliaries (2010)
See 4/6.43.3 and 4/9.5.3 for emergency tripping and emergency stop for other auxiliaries, such as
forced and induced draft fans, fuel oil units, lubricating oil service pumps, thermal oil circulating
pumps and oil separators (purifiers).
PART 4
SECTION 5
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
PART C
MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
4/5C4
Switchboards, Distribution Boards, Controllers, etc.
4/5C4.11
Bus Bars, Wiring and Contacts

(Revise Subparagraph 4/5C4.11.7, as follows.)
4/5C4.11.7
Terminals (2010)
Terminals or terminal rows for systems of different voltages are to be clearly separated from each
other. The rated voltage is to be clearly indicated at least once for each group of terminals which have
been separated from the terminals with other voltage ratings. Terminals with different voltage ratings,
each not exceeding 50 V DC or 50 V AC may be grouped together. Each terminal is to have a
nameplate indicating the circuit designation.
PART 4
SECTION 6
PUMPS AND PIPING SYSTEMS
4/6.43
Vent Pipes
(Revise first paragraph of Paragraph 4/6.43.5, as follows.)
4/6.43.5
Vent Outlets (2010)
All vent and overflow pipes terminating in the weather are to be fitted with return bends (gooseneck),
or equivalent, and the vent outlet is to be provided with an automatic means of closure, [i.e., close
automatically upon submergence (e.g., ball float or equivalent)], complying with 4/6.43.5c.
27
4/6.71
Fixed Oxygen-Acetylene Installations

(Revise Paragraph 4/6.71.2, as follows.)
4/6.71.2
Piping and Fittings
a General. The wall thickness of piping between cylinders and pressure regulators is to be in
accordance with 4/6.13.6.
b Materials. Materials for piping on the high pressure side of the regulators are to be steel for
acetylene and steel or copper for oxygen. All piping is to be seamless. Copper or copper alloys
containing more than 65% copper are not to be used in connection with acetylene.
c Installation. Where two or more cylinders are connected to a manifold, the supply pipe
between each cylinder and the manifold is to be fitted with a non return valve. Piping and fittings on
the low pressure side of the regulators are to be in accordance with above requirements except that
seamless steel pipes of at least standard wall thickness may be used. Except for the cylinder manifolds,
acetylene is not to be piped at a pressure in excess of 1.0 bar (1.0 kgf/cm2, 15 psi). All piping on the
low pressure side is to have all joints welded. Branch lines are not to run through unventilated spaces
or accommodation spaces.
d Flexible Hoses (2010). Flexible hoses used to connect oxygen or acetylene gas cylinders to a
fixed piping system or manifold are to comply with an acceptable standard and be suitable for the
intended pressure and service. Further, the internal surface of a hose used to connect an acetylene tank
is to be of a material that is resistant to acetone and dimethylformamide decomposition. Where a
flexible hose is connected from an oxygen cylinder to the piping system or manifold directly (i.e. no
intervening pressure regulator), the internal liner of the oxygen hose is to be of a material that has an
auto ignition temperature of not less than 400C (752F) in oxygen.
e
Note:
Testing. The system is to be tested in accordance with 4/6.9.7.

Prior to installation of oxygen and acetylene pipe lines, all piping and fittings are to be thoroughly cleaned with a
suitable solution, which will not react with oxygen, to remove all grease, oil and dirt. Piping should be thoroughly
blown out after assembly to remove foreign materials. For oxygen piping, oil-free air or oil-free nitrogen should
be used. For acetylene, air or inert gas may be used.
PART 4
SECTION 7
PROPULSION SHAFTING, PROPELLERS, WATERJETS AND LIFT

DEVICES
4/7.5
Tailshaft Liners
4/7.5.1
Thickness at Bearings (2010)
a Bronze Liner. The thickness of bronze liners to be fitted to tail shafts or tube shafts is not to
be less than that given by the following equation:
t = T/25 + 5.1 mm
t = T/25 + 0.2 in.
where
28
thickness of liner, in mm (in.)
required diameter of tail shaft, in mm (in.)

b Stainless Steel Liner. The thickness of stainless steel liners to be fitted to tail shafts or tube
shafts is not to be less than one-half that required for bronze liners or 6.5 mm (0.25 inches), whichever
is greater.
4/7.5.13
Stainless Steel Cladding (2010)
Stainless steel cladding of shafts is to be carried out in accordance with an approved procedure. See
Appendix, Section 11, Guide for Repair and Cladding of Shafts of the ABS Rules for Survey After
Construction (Part 7).
4/7.16
Propulsion Shaft Alignment and Vibrations
4/7.16.2
Craft 61 m (200 ft) in Length and Over

(Add new Subparagraph 4/7.16.2e, as follows.)
e Cast Resin Chocks (2010). Resin chocks and their installation are to comply with the
requirements in 4-3-2/11.1.2 of the Steel Vessel Rules:
PART 4
SECTION 8
STEERING
4/8.2
Materials
4/8.2.2
Material Testing (2010)
Material tests for forged, welded or seamless steel parts (including the internal components) of rudder
actuators that are under 150 mm (6 in.) in internal diameter need not be carried out in the presence of
the Surveyor. Such parts are to comply with the requirements of 2/2 or such other appropriate material
specification as may be approved in connection with a particular design and will be accepted on the
basis of a presentation of mill certificates to the Surveyor for verification.
4/8.3
Design
4/8.3.3
Tiller
(Add new Item 4/8.3.3.9, as follows.)
Bolted Hub (2010). Split or semi-circular tiller or quadrant hubs assembled by

bolting are to have bolts on each side having a total cross-sectional area not less than
that given below (use a consistent system of units):
0.196 S 3 K b
L3
Ks
29
where
L3
distance between the center of the bolts and the center of the rudder stock
Kb
material factor of bolt (see 3/5.1.2)
Other symbols are as defined above.

The thickness of the bolting flange is not to be less than the minimum required diameter of
the bolt.
PART 4
SECTION 9
FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
4/9.1
General
(Add new Paragraph 4/9.1.8, as follows.)
4/9.1.8
Additional Fixed Fire Fighting Systems (2010)
Where a fixed fire extinguishing system not required by Section 4/9 is installed, such system is to
meet the applicable requirements of 4/9.25 and is to be submitted for approval.
4/9.3
Fire Pumps, Fire Main, Hydrants and Hoses

4/9.3.5
Additional Fixed Fire Fighting Systems (2010)
a General. Fire hoses are to be of a type certified by a competent independent testing

laboratory as being constructed of non-perishable material to a recognized standard. The hoses are to
be sufficient in length to project a jet of water to any of the spaces in which they may be required to
be used.
Fire hoses are to have a length of at least 10 m (33 ft), but not more than:
15 m (50 ft) in machinery spaces;
20 m (66 ft) in other spaces and open decks; and
25 m (82 ft) for open deck on vessels with a maximum breath in excess of 30 m (98 ft)
Each hose is to have a nozzle and the necessary couplings. Fire hoses together with any necessary
fittings and tools are to be kept ready for use in conspicuous positions near the hydrants.
b Diameter. For vessels less than 500 gross tons, hoses are not to have a diameter greater than
38 mm (1.5 in.). Hoses for craft under 20 m (65 ft) in length may be of a good commercial grade
having a diameter of not less than 16 mm (5/8 in.) and are to be have a minimum test pressure of 10.3
bar (10.5 kgf/cm2 , 150 psi) and a minimum burst pressure of 31.0 bar (31.6 kgf/cm2 , 450 psi).
c Number of Fire Hoses. In vessels of 1,000 gross tonnage and upwards, the number of fire
hoses to be provided is to be at least one for each 30 m (100 ft) length of the vessel and one spare, but
in no case less than five in all. This number does not include any hoses required in any engine or
boiler room.
30
In vessels of less than 1,000 gross tonnage, the number of fire hoses to be provided is to be at least
one for each 30 m (100 ft) length of the vessel and one spare. However, the number of hoses is to be
in no case less than three.
Unless one hose and nozzle is provided for each hydrant in the vessel, there are to be complete
interchangeability of hose couplings and nozzles.
4/9.5
Means for Closing of Openings, Stopping of Machinery and Oil

Containment
4/9.5.3
Other Auxiliaries (2010)
Machinery driving forced- and induced-draft fans, oil-fuel transfer pumps, oil-fuel unit pumps and
other similar fuel pumps, fired equipment such as an incinerator, lubricating oil service pumps,
thermal oil circulating pumps and oil separators (purifiers) are to be fitted with remote shutdowns
situated outside of the spaces concerned so that they may be stopped in the event of a fire arising in
the space. This need not apply to oily water separators. See 4/5A10.1.2.
In addition to the remote shutdowns required above, a means to shutdown the equipment is to be
provided within the space itself.
PART 4
SECTION 11
SHIPBOARD CONTROL AND MONITORING SYSTEMS

(Revise Item B4 and Note 6 of Table 4/11.5, as follows.)
TABLE 4/11.5 Monitoring of Propulsion Machinery Medium/High (Trunk Piston) Speed

Diesel Engines (2010)
Item (11)
B4
Lube Oil
System
(2010) Oil mist in crankcase, mist

concentration high; or
bearing temperature high; or
alternative arrangements
Alarm (1)
Display
Automatic Start
of Required
Standby Vital
Auxiliary Pump
with Alarm (1)
Remarks (12)
Automatic engine
shutdown (6)
Notes:
6
(2010) For engines having a power of 2250 kW (3000 hp) and above or having a cylinder bore of more than 300
mm (11.8 in.).
Single sensor having two independent outputs for initiating alarm and for shutdown will satisfy independence of
alarm and shutdown.
See 4-2-1/7.2 of the Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels.
31
(Revise Item D1 and Note 2 of Table 4/11.5, as follows.)
TABLE 4/11.8 Monitoring of Auxiliary Prime-movers and Electrical Generators (2010)

Item
D1
Diesel
Engine
Crankcase
Alarm
(1)
(2010) Oil mist in crankcase, mist

concentration high; or
bearing temperature high; or
alternative arrangements
Display
Remarks
Automatic engine shutdown (2)
Notes:
2
(2010) For engines having a power of 2250 kW (3000 hp) and above or having a cylinder bore more than 300 mm
(11.8 in.).
Single sensor having two independent outputs for initiating alarm and for initiating alarm and for shutdown will
satisfy independence of alarm and shutdown.
See 4-2-1/7.2 of the Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels.
32

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GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING

HIGH SPEED CRAFT

HULL CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT

KEELS, STEMS, STERN FRAMES, SHAFT STRUTS, AND PROPELLER

Propeller Nozzles (2010)

The design pressure of the nozzle is to be obtained from the following:

N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi)

coefficient as indicated in Table 3/4.1

coefficient as indicated in Table 3/4.2, but not to be taken less than 10

maximum shaft power, in kW (hp)

propeller disc area

propeller diameter, in m (ft)

Notice No. 8 November 2009

TABLE 3/4.1 Coefficient c (2009)

TABLE 3/4.2 Coefficient (2009)

t = to + tc, but not to be taken less than 7.5 (0.3) mm (in.)

thickness obtained from the following formula:

coefficient as indicated in Table 3/4.3

spacing of ring webs in mm (in.)

nozzle design pressure in N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi), as defined in 3/4.19.2

corrosion allowance determined by Table 3/4.4

nozzle material factor as defined in 3/5.1.2

TABLE 3/4.3 Coefficient cn (2009)

Notice No. 8 November 2009

TABLE 3/4.4 Coefficient tc (2009)

If to > 10.0 (0.4)

the lesser of b1, b2

Nozzle Section Modulus

nozzle inner diameter, in m (ft)

nozzle length, in m (ft)

design speed in ahead condition, in knots, as defined in 3/5.2.1

reduction factor conditional on material type

for ordinary strength steel

for H32 strength steel

for H36 strength steel

for H40 strength steel

Notice No. 8 November 2009

FIGURE 3/4.1 Nozzle Ring Section View (2009)

HULL CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT

Requirements specified in this Section are applicable to:

Notice No. 8 November 2009

Rudder and Rudder Stock Materials

235 N/mm2 (24 kgf/mm2, 34000 psi)

minimum tensile strength of material used, in N/mm2 (kgf/mm2, psi)

1.0 for Y 235 N/mm2 (24 kgf/mm2, 34000 psi)

0.75 for Y > 235 N/mm2 (24 kgf/mm2, 34000 psi)

Rudder Design Force

Rudder Blades without Cutouts

0.132 (0.0135, 0.00123)

(b2/At + 2)/3 but not taken more than 1.33

mean height of rudder area, in m (ft), as determined from Figure 3/5.1

Notice No. 8 November 2009

total projected area of rudder as illustrated in Figure 3/5.11, in m2 (ft2)

coefficient depending on rudder cross section as indicated in Table 3/5.1A and

coefficient as specified in Table 3/5.2

craft speed, in knots

for ahead condition VR equals Vd or Vmin, whichever is greater

for astern condition VR equals Va or 0.5Vd, or 0.5Vmin, whichever is greater

maximum astern speed in knots

Rudder Blades with Cutouts

Notice No. 8 November 2009

TABLE 3/5.1A Coefficient kc for Ordinary Rudders (2009)

TABLE 3/5.1B Coefficient kc for High-Lift/Performance Rudders (2009)

Notice No. 8 November 2009