McGill

1971

IIIIII

I1969
II1970 McGill III1969
Dr. Mehdi Muaqqiq, Dr.
Herman Landolt McGill
1968

Shar-i Manmah Mehdi Muaqqiq

1969 Dnesh-i Irn
McGill

Dr. Raynond Klibansky, Dr. Abraham Kaplan, Dr.

Joshua Blau, Dr. Seyyed Hossein Nasr
McGill Dr. Charles Adams

wujd

irfn /

1971.2.20
1

1
alienation
the existential and metaphysical aspects
the basic
structure itself of Islamic metaphysics

uniformity

metaphilosophy

unity of
existence unity of
existence 11-12
Ibn Arab1165-1240 13 16-17
16-17
adr al-Dn Shrz1571-1640
Moll adr
culminating and all-synthesizing point

1969.6-7
The Alienation of Morden Man

existencewujdbeing
existencewujdbeing


the world of relative and transient things

the reality
of existenceexistence / wujd

accidentality of existence
Avicenna980-1037Ibn Sn12
Ibn Rushd1126-1198Aveeroes

Thomas Aquinas

existence / wujd
Flb872-950

quiddity / mhyah
accident / ara

The table isThe

table exists
The table is existent

substance
property
accident
essence

the objective, external reality

predicamental or categorical accident

ens in alio

whitenesscoldness
brownness

the extra-mental,
objective reality

-
self-subsistent substance

-shadow-picture
illusion

waking
experiencethe world of reality

a corresponding piece of
reality

an inner
modificationone of its self-determinations

essences

being-a-table
being-a-flower

modify and delimit

the one single reality

human consciousness
total transformation of itself
the dimension of ordinary cognition
the world of beingsolid
self-subsistent thingsessence
ontological core
5
awareness

the mystical vision of reality

a unique form of subject-object relationship

selfsame Reality

the unification of the knower and the known / ittid al-lim

wa-al-malm
becomes completely unified and indentified
with
differentiation or distinction
ignorance
entities

existence
2

rational reasoning
a very peculiar kind of intuition

by mans becoming or rather being

existence itself
mans self-realization

object
existence in its reality
actus essendi
6

14 3 0aydar mul
aql afafkr rakkah

the transcendental experience of Reality

the veils of the phenomenal

forms
the splendid beauty

13-14 Mamd
Shabastar
Gulshan-e Rzv.114
2
3

Cf. Moll adr: al-Shawhid al-Rubbyah, ed. Jall al-Dn shtiyn, Mashhad, 1967, p.14.
Cf. his Rislah Nadq al-Nuqd, ed. Henry Corbin and Osman Yahya, Teheran-Paris, 1969, p.625.
5

Lhj 4

sheer
nothing
light in its true reality

reflections7
5 1
2nrill
the pure
reality of existence
shadowy figures

the objectified forms of existence

wholly unreal

the ultimate ground of reality

the reality and unreality of the phenomenal

worldShankara
The world is a continuous series of cognitions of
Brahman / Brahma-pratyayasantair jagat7 Vedanta

a pure
illusion

an ultimate, self-subsistence reality

unreal or false / jagan mithy
qua Brahman as perceived by our non-absolute

Muammad Lhj: Shar-e Gulshan-e Rz, Tehran, 1377 A.H., pp.94-97.

Cf. Jmi al-Asrr wa-Manba al-Anwr, ed. Henry Corbin and Osman Yahya, Teheran-Paris, 1969, p.259, p.261.
6
Cf. al-Shawhid al-Rubbiyah, op. cit., p.448.
7
Vivckcman, 521.
5

consciousness 8

the absolute truth or Reality

8
the underlying Reality
the phenomenal form
self-manifestationself-determination

philosophy of existence
inner witnessing / shuhd
tasting / dhawq
presence
/ urillumination / ishrq

the subject of
cognition
ego-consciousness
the empirical ego
seeing by self-realization
the subsistence of the individual ego

be it
his own existencethe empirical selfhood
ego-consciousnessthe Consciousness
of Reality
Consciousness which is Reality

fan/ annihilation

the world of Multiplicity

the absolute Reality itself
the self-revealing
its variously articulated forms
the underlying Unity of Reality
self-realization

Reality in its absolute indetermination

its own essential determination

a human aspect
15
Abd al-Ramn Jm

9

tawd
unification
an absolute concentration of the mind in deep
8

Cf. S.N.L. Shrivastava: Samkara and Bradley, Delhi, 1968, pp.45-47.

multiplicityunity

9
Lawi, ed. M.H. Tasbi, Tehran, 1342 A.H., p.19.

meditationtakhl
desire and will
knowledge and cognition
9

fanannihilation of annihilation / fan-ye

fan10 the
consciousness of fan
an absolute fan
Mahayana Buddhistshnyat /
nothingness
subjective state
the realization or actualization of absolute Reality in its
absoluteness

fan

the
metaphysical Reality itself
the self-actualization of Reality

the preponderance of the self-revealing aspect of Reality

over its own self-concealing aspect the
preponderance of the hir, the manifest, over the bin, the concealed
effusion / fay

relative, and spatio-temporal forms

-
in its original absoluteness beyond all relative
determinationskashfmukshafah
unveiling 11

Zen Buddhism the

mind-and-body-dropping-off / shin jin datsu raku 12
the whole unity of mind-body
10ego
or self
metaphysico-epistemological nothingness

the
dropped-off-mind-and-body / datsu raku shin jinbaq
10

Ibid., p.19.
Cf. Nihat Keklik: Sadreddin Konevnin Felsefesinde Allah, Kint ve Insan, Istanbul, 1967, pp. 6-9.
12
datsu raku shin jinDgen1200-1253
11

survivaleternal
remaining in absolute Reality with absolute Reality
the pseudo-ego or the relative selfNothingness

is resuscitated
an absolute Self

the normal, daily, phenomenal world of

multiplicitythe world of
multiplicity

a pseudo-determination
baq
so many determinations of one single
Reality
the seething world of becoming

unitymultiplicity

the relation of ultimate identity

11

fan and baq /

annihilation and survivalsubjective states
objective states

unification / jamgathering

all-things-being-put-together
the unification of unification / jam al- jam
separation
after unification / farq bad al- jamsecond separation / farq thn

13

separation / farqthe common-sense

view of reality
13

LhjGulshan-e Rzop. citk., pp.26-27


impermanenttransient
constantly changing
the principle of universal impermanence
the world of multiplicity

farq
essential
demarcations

all psychological commotions and agitations

the point of nothingness
the ontological commotionan
absolute Stillness12the limitation of the ego
all the phenomenal limitations of
thingsthe
absolute Unity of Reality in its purityan absolute
Awareness

their original indiscrimination

God was, and there was nothing else

the Taoist philosopher Chuang Tzuchaos / hun tun

14

existential annihilation
phenomenal consciousness

in the form of the surging waves of multiplicity

unity
entities

pre-fan
an
14

Eranos

The Absolute and the

Perfect Man in TaoismEranos Jahrbush XXXVI, Zurich, 1967, pp.398-411.
10

independent, self-subsistent entity

Multiplicity qua Multiplicity

Unity

so many self-determinations of the absolute Unity itself

the
whole world of beingone single
metaphysical root13
this unique metaphysical root of all things
Multiplicity
Unity
unity with inner articulationsgathering of
gathering / jam al-jam
the absolute unity of total annihilation
this new vision of Unity

a simple, absolute Unity

an internally articulated
Unitycoincidentia
oppositorum
Lhj

15
man of two eyes /
dhu al-aynayn

14
determined
individualizedessentially delimited
non-existent

15

1130-1200tai chi

94

11

nothing
unreal / bil
nothingness
subsists

the world of being

the temporal and the eternalthe finite and the infinite

the relative and the absolute

mumkin
divine
self-manifestation / tajall

-
Mamd ShabastarGulshan-e Rz
bright night amidst
the dark daylight / shab-e roushan miyn-e rz-e trik16
Reality

the original indiscrimination

all considerations of the

limitations set by the very structure of our relative consciousness

in the form of determined, relative things

15

spiritual hierarchy
1the
common people / awmmmen of reason / dhawu al-aql2
the privileged people / khawmen of intuition / dhawu
al-ayn3the privileged of all privileged people / khaw
al-khawmen of reason and intuition / dhawu al-aql
wa-al-ayn
17
16
17

Gulshan-e Rz (op.cit.). v.127, p.100.Cf. Lhjs commentary, p.101.

cf. Jmi al-Asrr (op.cit.), p.113, p.591.
12

-
by their
very mode of existenceSomething

self-revealing Something

Jm 18
16

19
seeing as
seeing
technique
aspect-blindness 20

a peculiar way of thinkinga mode of

cognition
a fact of transcendental Awareness
self-evidentdiscursive thinking

Something-beyond

an absolute Other
18

Lawi (op.cit.), p.61.

Marcus B. Hester: The meaning of Poetic Metaphor, The
Hague-Paris, 1967, Introduction.
20
Wittgenstein: Investigations, p.213.
19

13


men of
externality / ahl-e hir

awal
17

immediate vision

existent

mysheer illusion
illusion-producing principle

21

-
the vision of the Absolute

the coincidentia
oppositorum of Unity and Multiplicity
18

22
absoluteness / ilq
21
22

Jmi al-Asrr (op.cit.), p.217, p.221.

Ibid., p.113.
14

 comprehensive contraction / ijml

determination / taqydconcrete expansion / tafl

a whole integral view of Reality as it really is

unification
of existence / tawd wujd23

a fundamental intuition of the one single reality of

existence

oneness of existence / wadat al-wujd

non-existent / adam

a voidan illusionsheer nothing

relational forms of the Absolute itself

19

perfectly co-ordinated with each

other

shunsg. shanaffairs
internal modes of beingexistential
perfections / kamlt
virtues/te in relation to the way/dao24
myriads of
self-determinations

the inherent limitations of the finite human consciousness

pure existencesheer Unity

in
its original Unitythe very
nature of the Absolute

the finitude of the

consciousness
its real formless formunder the apparent forms

23
24

Ibid., pp.113-115.
Cf. my The Key Philosophical Concepts in Sufism and Taoism, II, Tokyo, 1967, pp.122-123.
15


self-manifestation / tajall
adhysa superimposition
Nirgua Brahman
ignorance / avidy

names and forms / nma-rpa

avidy
my my the
self-conditioning power inherent in Brahman itself avidy
quddities / mhyt,
sg.mhyahnames and
attributes / asm wa-ift my
existential mercy / ramah wujdyah
20
-

Reality
the self-subsistently real
ontological core
svabhva / self-nature
wadat al-wujd
anti-essentialismessencesquiddities
the position of the fictitious
borrowed existence

so many intrinsic modifications

and determinations of the Absolute

Mamd Shabastar 25 Gulshan-e Rz

appearance

something other than the Absolutesense perceptions

the faculty of imagination
the phenomenal surface

2126
25
26

Gulshan-e Rz (op.cit.), v.15, p.19.

Sh B Gen ZGen J K AnIII
16

27

qua letters

unfolds itself in many forms of

self-modification

22

can
even be intuited as such, in its eternal Unity and absolute unconditionality
the condition of
unconditionality itself 29

the realm of extra-mental reality

30
28

mind-natureself-subsistent entity

fan
ego-less

self-subsistence
27
Gulshan-e Rz (op.cit.), p.19.
28
Cf. 0aydar mul: Jmi al-Asrr (op.cit). pp.106-107.
29

l bi-shar maqsam
the quality of being -unconditional
Mystery of Mysteries
-wu or
non-existencewu wu--non-non-existence

30
Jmi al-Asrr (op.cit.), pp.161-162.
17

31

23

32

parabrahman / Supreme
Brahmanwu chi / Ultimateless
God

in the form of
MultiplicitySomething24

parameshvara the supreme Lord

tai chi / Supreme Ultimate
[]the wu chi / the Ultimate of Nothing as an eternal
31
32

Ibid., pp.206-207.
Ibid., pp.207-209.
18

principle of creativity

oneness of existence / wadat al-wujd

pure monismexistential monism

existential
experience

19

25

existentialism

Sabzawrwadat al-wujd

Mull adr

existence

wujdexistence
Existenzexistence

33
ishtirk-e laf

26

the alienated man

Albert CamusEtranger
Meursault

33

ishtirk-e lafhomonymy

20

supra-personaluniversal
existence
wujd
27

the deepest stratum of existential experience

itselfepoche

the most
fundamental vision or experience of existence

irfn

one and the same root experience, or primary vision, of the reality of existence

alt al-wujd

the fundamental reality of existence

mawjd
existentthat-which-isthat-which-exists
das Seiende
the ultimately
real things
real reality
the pre-eminent
realprimary substances

that-which-is
das Seiendemawjd that-which-is is
that-which-is
28
is das Sein
be Existence
be
the sky is blue
is
21

 is
to be to exist
be existence
nothingmy head is empty
is
the whole plenitude of existence

existence
is

is is absolute reality

awarenessbe

existence, das Seinexistent,

das Seiende

29

quiddityexistence

mountain-ness
quiddity
actual presence

the
pre-conceptual structure of reality as it really is in the external world

22


Reality
the absolute Reality
internal modifications
phenomenal formsthe
empirical dimension of human experience

self-limitationself-determination
particular
30

irfn

12 1155-1191

1165-1240

19

Shar-e Manmah

31

Nausee
Roquintin
23

itibr original ficticiousness

32

24


33

dehumanizing
dehumanized

25

35
Metaphilosophy

wadat al-wujd Oneness of ExistenceUnity of Existence

12-13
1165-1240

16-17 adr al-Dn Shrz

Moll adr1571-1640
-

wadat al-wujd

36

the terms of comparison

a metaphilosophy of philosophies
sub-structures

26


the
key-concepts of Oriental philosophy
wadat al-wujd

a certain level of structural uniformity

wadat al-wujd

wadat al-wujd
typical patternarchetypal form

37
wadat al-wujd
in a purely formal sense

a system with inner articulations

wadat al-wujd
wadat al-wujd Oneness of
Existence
wadat al-wujd an original
metaphysical visionan intuition of
the reality of existence / wujd

existence
common-sense notionordinary,
empirical consciousness
a transcendental consciousness

the trans-empirical dimension of awareness

Kind
FlbAvicennaAverros
27


in the sense of the act of existing
wujd

38 mawjd
wujd
wujd

wujdactus essendi mawjdens

mhyah
quiddity
an accident or attribute

wadat al-wujd

wadat al-wujd

substances

the flower is white

white
whiteness

the flower is existent

the actualization

wadat al-wujd

39

wadat al-wujd

the structure of
the external reality

28

a self-subsistent substance

wadat al-wujd
the real ultimate subject

the eternal, ultimate Subject

adjectives or
adjectival
the sole reality

Brahman being
existenceSatall-pervasivenon-temporal

non-spatialabsolutely unqualified and

unlimited
so many determinations and particularizations
quiddities

existent
existence
being-a-flowera special
self-determination of this absolute Indeterminate

40
an absolutely simple unityan absolute
indiscrimination
illusoryShankara
Advaita Vedanta
the underlying pure unity of Brahman
illusory forms superimposed / adhysa

a thoroughgoing anti-essentialism
alat al-mhyah
quidditiesa
fundamental realityTa Cheng ChI Hsin Lun 34The Awakening of Faith in
Mahayana

jan fa 35

34
35

29


the Mind-Nature

appearance

super-impositions

wadat al-wujd
41
essentialismexistentialism

quidditiesessences
something that
exists mawjd ens actus essendi
existence/wujd

an attribute or property

on one single level of human experience

a transcendental existentialism
an ecstatic, mystical intuition of Reality
a
transcendental consciousness in the depths of concentrated meditation

tathatchen ju 36 shin-nyoTathat
suchnesschen ju-truly-such
/
being as it really is

existence as it naturally is

contemplation

36

30

this activation of the

transcendental function of the mind
kashf
42unveiling
taking off the veilfanbaq

fan baq

wadat al-wujd
fanextinction
something being annilhilated nirva

ego-consciousnessintense concentration of the

mind
-ego-substanceunderlying unity
of existence
this subjective annihilation
the pseudo-substantial form of an ego

can be subjectively actualized

his own
pseudo-subjectivity

Brahmantman

objectification

in the form of mans self-realization

the Ultimate Subject

the Mind-Nature or
Mind-Reality
ego-consciousness
the absolute Consciousness

their
original existential indetermination
a fundamental functional
correlation43

nothingness

31

Oneness or Unity
one single piece with
no articulationchaoshun tun
37

Moll ar
self-subsistence
connections / rawbi maah
avidyname-and-form / nma-rpa

baq
Baqremainingsurvival
Nothingness

the world of Multiplicity

fan
fan

baq

particularizations and self-determinations of the absolute

Indeterminate44

wadat al-wujd
wujd itibr fictitious existence wujd majz
metaphorical or transferred existence

sheer nothing

relation / ifah

illuminative relation
/ ifah ishrqiyah
partial realities

Brahman
37

32

Viveka Cmani
521

vyvahrika
45

sat-krya-vda

Brahman-as-world
wadat al-wujd aqq
khalq

al-Insn al-Kmil /
The Perfect ManAbd al-Karm al-Jl
creaturescreated things

creatureliness / khalqyah

divine
Nature

14
0aydar mul
46Jmi al-Asrr
38

38

Jmi la-Asrr wa-Manba al-Anwr, ed. Henry Corbin & Osman Yahya, Teheran-Paris, 1969, p. 161, 310,
pp.206-207, 397.
33

quiddities / mhyt
39

fictitious
/ itibr
realities /
aqiq

men of unification / muwaidn

47
men of two
eyes / dhu aynayn

existence/wujdone
single reality/aqqah
manifestation-forms

saryn al-wujd the pervasion

of existence inbis al-wujd the unfolding of existence
the
whole world of Being

self-unfolding or self-manifestation

39

Ibid., p.107, 212.

34

perfect uniformity
recognizable
archetypal

1
2

bin hir interior

exterior

bin
the self-concealing
hir the
self-revealing
- an absolute
Unknown-Unknowable

48

the unconditional plenitude of existence

hir

dvi-rpa Brahmatwo-fold Brahman

nirgua Brahmansagua Brahman
the absolutely attributeless Brahman
the same-self Brahman adorned with all kinds of attributes
Suchness as absolute Nothingness
Suchness as non-Nothingness

Non-Being and Beingwu ji / the Ultimateless

tai ji / the Supreme Ultimate 40
the entire sphere of existence
bin

dht al-wujd-existence-itself

dht Allh
the very Essence of God

ghaib

40

Wu chitai chi
35

 aadiyah
absolute Oneness

aadiyah49aadiyah
Dd Qayar
aadiyah-
aadiyahdht al-wujd-

internal articulationaadiyah

transcendence

beyond even the condition

of unconditionality and transcendence

absolute Nothingness
ahayb al-ghuyb/Mystery beyond Mysteries

41
hsan chih yu hsan
Mystery of Mysteries
4 --wu-wu-wu
--Non-Non-Non-Being
Non-BeingNon-( Non-Being)
aadiyah-Non-{Non-( Non-Being)}
42

existence as absolutely non-conditioned / l bi-shir maqsami aadiyah

existence as negatively
conditioned / bi-sha l

aadiyah
aadiyah
aadiyah
the first self-determination / taayyun
awwal50
the Way

Gateway of myriad wonders 43

aadiyah
41

EranosThe Absolute and the Perfect Man in

Taoism(Erannos-Jahrbuch XXXVI, 1967), pp.426-428.
43
Chung miao chih menThe Key Philosophical Concepts in Sufism and Taoism, vol. II,
Tokyo, 1967, pp. 115-135.
42

36

 aadiyah

the
most sacred Emanation / fay aqdas
WidyahUnity
aadiyah Widyah
unity or oneness
aadiyah
Widyah
aadiyah
Widyah
Unity
Multiplicity

51

Widyah

a vast unityWidyah aadiyah

Widyah
Widyah aadiyah
Widyah aadiyah
aadiyah
Widyah Widyah
a principle of diversity
my
avidyNescience or Ignorance

love/ubb

0dith Quds44
Kuntu kanzan makhfiyan, fa-ababtu an urafa, fa-khalaqtu
al-khalaqa li-kiay urafa
aadiyah
aadiyah 45
aadiyahultimate Source or Ground

aadiyah
pure oneness
aadiyah
44

0dith Quds
aadiyahdht al-wujd-widyah
aadiyah

dht al-wujd
widyah
widyah

45

37

52

tathgata-garbha / Storehouse of the

Absolute
samsra / birth and deaththe
world of phenomenal transiency

a moving drive
phenomenal evolvement

self-manifestation / tajalli
aadiyah 46
widyahwidyah

widyah
asm wa-ift
Konwledge/ilmdivine Consciousness
widyahessential Perfections /
kamlt dhtyah
eternal archetypes / ayn
thbitahhir
bin

widyah wujd bi shar shay

existence-as-conditioned-by-being-something
53

universalia ante res

widyah

descent
sacred
Emanation / fai muqaddas aadiyah widyah

Nothingness

46

Cf. supra , p.49.

38

non-temporal priority-posterior relationship

54

Mercy / ramahbreath of Mercifulness / nafas

ramn wujd l bi-shar qism

existence as non-conditioned l bi-shar maqsam

existence as absolutely non-conditioned

-
l bi-shar

Kna Allh wa-lan yakun maa-hu shay

other / ghayr

55

1Dht al-wujd-existence-itself in its

absolute purity
39

2aadiyahabsolute Oneness

3widyahthe Unity of Multiplicity

1L bi-shar maqsamexistence as absolutely

non-conditioned
2Bi-shar l
existence as negatively conditioned
3Bi-shar shay
existence as conditioned
by being-something
4L bi-shar qism existence as relatively
non-conditioned

1-
=a
2=b2

3
3
d
=c
4

40

57

\ji Mull Hdi

Sabzawr 19

19

19
12
1970

Reality

Ocean of Beingspiritual
eye / barahthe secrets of Being

19
58

Avicenna / Ibn
Sin, 980-1037Awerroes / Ibn Rushd, 1126-1198

Frb, 872-950

41

afaw
Dynasty 47

48
59
ikmat 49
50 theo-sophiatheosophy

adr al-Dn ShrzMull adr,

1571/72-1640

19
51
12

Bahmaniyr b. Marzbn 52 d. 1006 60Ab

al-Abbs al-Lawkar 53d. 1006Nar al-Dn al-s, d. 1273
Dabrn al-Ktib al-Qazwn 54d. 1276 Qub al-Dn al-Shrz 55d. 1311
47

Seyyed Hossein NasrM. M.

Sharif
A History of Muslim PhilosophyWiesbaden, O. harrassowitz, 1966

pp.904-932Histoire de la philosophie islamiqueParis,

Gallimard, 1964
48
16 1737
49
ikmatop. cit., p.907.
50
Le livre des pntrations mtaphysiques Pairs-Thran, Adrien-Maisonneuve, 1965pp.82-83.
51

the esoteric teachings

52
Ab al-\asan al-Bahmaniyr
Kitb al-Tal
53
Ab al-Abbs al-LawkarBahmaniyrBayn al-\aqq bi-4amn al-idq

cf, Al b. Zayd al-Bayhaq: Tatinmah iwn al-\ikmah, ed. Shaf, Lahore, 1935, p. 120.
54
Nar al-Dn al-s
1Shamsyah
Kitb al-Shamsyah fi-l-Qawid al-Maniqyah2Kitb
al-\ikmah al-Ayn,
55
Nar al-Dn al-s
42


1037
al-Ghazl / Algazel, d. 1111
56

al-Ishrt wa-al-Tanbht
Tajrd al-Aqid
57
61

supra-consciousness
1165-1240
1155-1191

58
the path of Sanctity, i.e. via mystica

59
the Illuminationist / ishrq
60
existnece / wujd
a subjective view-point

62actus
essendithe reality or Reality

Durrah al-Tj (li-Ghurrah al-Dibj fi al-\ikmah)adr al-Dn Qunyaw or

Qnawd. 1273

56
Fakhr al-Dn al-Rz, d. 1209

57

Abd al-Razzq al-Lhjd. 1662Shawriq al-Ilhm

58
Murat 111, Opera Metaphysica et Mystica, ed. Henry Corbin, vol. I Istanbul Leipzig, Deutsche
Morgenlndische Gesellschaft, 1945p. 361.
59
Ibid.:
60
Three
Muslim SagesCambridge, Mass., Harvard Univ. Press, 1964pp.52-82; M. M. SharifA History of Muslim
Philosophy, vol. I, Shihb al-Dn Suhraward MaqtlWiesbaden, O. harrassowitz, 1963pp.372-398.
43

the same Reality

nrdegrees
stagesthe Light of all lights/nr al-anwr
Darkness /ulmah

nr/luminous
self-minifesting in itself and bringing others into
manifestation / hir bi nafsi-hi wa-muhir li-ghayri-hi
the Presence/ur

inner vision and inner illumination 61

62

63
theophanic visions

the absolute unknown-unknowable

the Mystery of mysteries
god
the world of Being
the Face of God
the othersHimself
self-manifestation or theophanies /
tajall, pl. tajallyt
existents / mawjd,
pl. mawjdt
stages of being

wadah al-wujdmanyone

61

Cf. \ikmah al-Ishrq ed. Henry Corbin, Opera Metaphysica et Mystica, vol.II (Paris- Thran,
Adrien-Maisonneuve, 1952) pp.10-11.
62
A Comparative Study of The Key Philosophical
Concepts in Sufism and Taoism, 2volumes (Tokyo, Keio Univ., 1966-67),
44

 63

al-Qshn
64

wujd bat
existence
pure and simple qua existence
64

entityNothingness

non-existence
Existence
Existence
the world of Being

Oriental Nothingness

unfolded existence
everspreading existence
wujd munbasi

Qub al-Dn al-Shrz 65

65
63

pp.
83-121
64

Fu al-\ikamCairo. 1321 A. H. P.3:

Abd al-Razzq al-Qshn or Kshn(d. 1335)

65
9
45

66

subject / qilobject / maqlintellect

/ aqloneness
be intuited as it really is
look

19

19

19

20 Jacques Maritain
Neo-Thomists

13
doctrine of the priority of existence
67
66

68
Existentialistsexistential spot of actuality

in
and through the innermost heart of human existence
existence as actualized in its pure subjectivity
supra-consciousness

66

Le livre des pntrations mtaphysiques, op. cit.,

pp.4-5, 7.
67
William Barrett: Irrational Man, A Study of Existential Philosophy, New
York, Anchor Books, 1962p.106.
68
Existence and the Existent, New York, Vintage Books, 1966p.25.
46

open clearing / Lichtung

ex-sist althei
unhiddennesswissen
disclosedness / Offenbarkeit69

presence/urLight/nrreality
knowledge

70 67

visions

ltre-pour-soiltre-en-soi

1
2

69

Platons Lehre von der Wahrheit(1947), Uber den

Humanismus (1949), Vom Wesen der Wahrheit(1943), and Einfuhrung in die Metaphysik(1953).
70
W. Barrett, op. cit., p.206.
47

68

two levels of reference

1the level of notion / mafhm
2the level of external reality

mafhm

self-evidence/badhah

is
exists

badhx x

69

mafhm

/
to be/Sein

48

this sense of Being71

16

Beingmawjd
/that which is
existentdas Seiende ; ensBeing
wujd
to-beexistence
das Seinesseactus essendi

existent/ensexistence/esse
72
70
existencethe act of existing

73

the primacy of existence/esse

Dr. F.
Rahman 74
Kitb al-Shif, Metaphysics, Book I,
ch.5

das Sein, esse,

actus essendi, the verbal to-be

mawjd
71

William Barrett, op. cit., p.213.

73
Le livre des pntrations mtaphysiquesop.cit., p.62. Moll adr
opra une rvolution qui dthre la vritable mtaphysique de ldessence, dont le regne durait depuis des sicled,
depuis Frb, Avicenne et Sohraward. Meme sil nest pas impossible den dceler anterieurement les indices
prcurseurs. Cet acte rvolutionnaire a chez Moll adr sa vertu propre, car il commande toute la structure de sa
doctrine.
74
Essence and Existence in Avicenna, Mediaeval and Renaissance Studies, vol. IV(London, The Warburg Institute,
London University, 1958) p.4.
72

49

existent/ens
71wujdexistence/esse
75

das Sein das Seinde

existent/mawjd
quiddity/mhyah

quiddity in the state of actualization

the act of existing/ wujd

existence/esse

mawjdwujd

72

Shar-e Manmeh

Kitb al-Najt

wujd

existence/wujd
existent/mawjd 76

75

al-Shif, al-Ilhyt, Cairo, 1960, p.60.

Venice, 1508 mawjd Dicemus igitur quod

ens et res necessetalia sunt quod statim imprimuntur in anima prima impressione que
ono acquiritur exaliis notoribus se
76
Kitb al-Najt (Cairo, 1938) p.200.
50

mawjd

mawjd wujd
mawjd
esse entia
substancesaccidents

a priori
77 73

/is

existence of all things

in concreto

Ab al-Barakt al-BaghddKitb al-Mutabar

78

perceive
existent/mawjd

thing/shay

alah
wujd
mawjd

74
77

78
Ab al-Barakt al-Baghdd, \ibat Allh b. Malk 1165

I. p.3Pines
Etudes sur Awad al-Zamn Ab al-Barakt al-Baghdd, Revue des tudes juives, III, 1938.
51

79 75

alahmafhm
aqqah

mhyah 80

quiddity
quiddity

76vi
79

Kitb al-Mutabar III, Metaphysics (Haydarbd, 1358 A. H.) pp.20-21:

mhyahmhyah in the special sense /
bi-al-man al-akhawhat is it

mhyahmhyah in the general sense / bi-al-man al-aamm

mhyahquiddity
essence
80

52

16

notion/mafhm

awareness

donne immdiates de la conscience

mafhm 77
mafhm

mawjdtwujd

quiddiy/mhyah81

82
81

quiddity particularmhyah
mhyah
82

al-Ishrt wa-l-Tanbiht, vol. I, ed. Sulaymn Duny, Cairo, Marif, 1960 202
wujdniexistence in reality / wujd fi-al-ayn

existence in the mind / wujd fi-al-adhhn

53


modes of existence
real/ayn
external/khrij

in concreto

mental/dhihnshadowy/ill

Zayd

78

donnes
immdiates de la conscience
be represented
as it really is

x
y
z
x
y z

wujdexistences/wujdt
particular acts of existing
quiddity

in concreto

the quiddityof man which actually exists

the existenceof the quiddiy-man

composite intelligible entities

existence of
ofrelational reference[of]

existencesportions / ia sg. iah83

external existence / wujd khrijmental existence / wujd

dhihm
83

54

existencs-of
79

84

85
86 80
man exists

87
88

84

85

86
Rishah li-al-muallim al-thn fi jawb masl suila an-h, given in the Cairo deidtion of al-Jam bayna
Afln wa-Arisls (al-Sadah, 1907) p.57, 16.
87

in this sphere of Being

88
yanbaghi an yakn man al-ukum bi-wujdi-hiN. RescherDieterici

[]Studies in Arabic
Philosophy (Pittsburgh. Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, 1966)
55


1positive quality
2
N. Rescher 89

81Sein ist offenbar

kein reales Prdikat, d.i. ein Begriff von irgend etwas, was zum Begriffe eines Dinges
hinzukommen knne. 90
accident

91

essential
properties

82

knowledge by acquaintanceknowledge
by description92

93

89

Ibid.

Kritik deer reinen Vernunft, A 598.N. Rescher Van den Bergh

Tahfut
al-Tahfut, ed. Sulaymn Duny, Cairo, Marif, 1964vol II, p.80.
91
Tahfut al-Tahfut, op. Cit., pp. 324-326.
92
B. Russell: The Problems of Philosophy (Oxford, Univ. Press, first edition, 1912),
charpter V.
93
Mashir, op. cit. pp. 11-12.
90

56

thingness / shayah
being-possible / mumkinyah94 95

secondary intelligibles / maqlt thnyah, sg. maqt thn

primary intelligibles / maqlt l, sg. maqt awwal

occur / ur
being
qualified / ittif

whiteness

qualified83

whiteness / bay

predicate by way adherence / maml

bi-al-ammah

being-a-universal / kullyah
al-insn kull 96

logic secondary intelligible / maql thn maniq

philosophical secondary intelligible /
maql thn falsaf or ikam
94

Being-possible
possibleimkn
having been caused
having a cause for its existence
95
being-necessary / wjibyahbeing-one / wadah
96
man is a species / al-insn maw
57

qualification

being-fatherpaternity

84

being-possible

being-a-thing

being-existent

existences / wujdt
which
is determined and delimited quiddity-wise in the form of particular existences

self-determinationself-delimitation

85

58

self-evidence / badhah

disclosure
presence

supra-consciousness

seeing Godunio mystica

the divine Subject

La
nause 97

86

EssentiaExistentia

essentiaexistentia

essentiaexistentia
Louis de Raeymaeker 98

essentia existentia
d. 947/950
980-1037
real
97

La nauseParis, Gallimard, first edition 1938, pp. 161-171.

Louis de Raeymaeker : Philosophie de Ptre-Essai de synthse mtaphysique (Louvain, Institue suprieur de
philosohie, 1947) p.145.
98

59

distinction

87
existences

quiddity

a two-fold ontological
principle

ens / mawjd essentiaquidditas ; mhyah

esseactus essendi ; wujd
individually
specifically

99 zawj tarkb
duality

act of existing

unity
multiplicity 100

the unitary reality of existence

partial determinations and delimitations
Norris Clarke

88esse
101

99

Shar-e Manmeh, Metaphysics, ad v. 17.

Ibid., v. 22.
101
W. Norris Clarke William Carlo
The Ultimate Reducibility
of Essence to Existence in Existential Metaphysics
The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1966XIV.
CarloGiles

100

60

existent qua
existent / to on on

7
102 essence / si
what-is-it-ness / to ti estin

quiddity

103

essence
to existexistent

89

104

-what-a-thing-is-that-it-exists

essencesexistents

102

92, a, 34-35.
anq
104
92. b. 4-18.
103

61

an essence being real

Etienne Gilsonun chosisme

intgral 105 les choses

90la substance (est) conue comme un bloc ontologique sans fissure, o

lessence, lexistence et lunit ne font quun. 106

unity

1=2
=3=4=

107

existent / to on
one / to hen
principle
cause

one man / heis anthroposman /

anthropos
existent man / on anthropos
man

being
one

108 91

105

Etienne Gilson : Ltre et Lessence (Paris, Virin, 1948) p.III.

Ibid., p.90.
107
Gamma, 2, 1003b, 26-27.
108

extra-mental piece of reality / midqan

106

62

quod esse sit accidens eveniens quidditati

rioccurslzim
inseparable or essential attribute

concomitantriara 109
accidental property of a
substratum

ri
occurringhappenning

ri

Ringstones of Wisdom 110

92
existence / huwyah111

112

-what-ness
ipso facto/-is-ness

113

114 93
quiddities

109

ara
Fu al-ikam. ikmat-i-Ilh II, by Prof. Muiy al-Dn Mahd Qumshi (Teheran,
muasseseh-yi Mabut-I Islm, 1345 A. H.) pp.5-6.
111
wujdhuwyah
1
al-taaqquq al-khrijal-aqqah al-juziyah2
huwyahwujd

112
wa-l (huwyatu-hu) dkhilah f mhyati-hi
113

114

110

63

being-an-animal
being-a-body

-is-ness
concomitant 115

116

117

94
actualization

cause
causednecessary

118

an Origin
115

concomitant / lzim

116
after/bada

117

12

118

64

95

an essential constituent / muqawwim

being-an-animalbeing-a-body
ri
accidental

ri

Source

96

119
119

al-Ishrt wa-al-Tanbiht III, op. cit. p.443, No.I:

65


120
1
2aqqah

121
122 -
being-man / insnyah

123

-
97

sense-perception 124

added to / zid

essentialistic 125

existent /mawjd

F. Rahman

98
126

120

121

Commentary, op. cit., p.203, note 3.

122
ibid., p.203,
note. 4.
123
muqawwimtal-Shif,
Kitb al-Madkhal (The Isagoge) (Cairo, al-Amiriyah, 1953) p.34.
124
I. pp.202-203.
125
Etinne Gilson: Le thomisme, 5 ed. (Paris, Virn 1944) p.58,

126
Essence and Existence in Avicenna, p. 13.
66

nature / abah
natural universal / kull ab
per se
bi-m hiya tilka al-mhyah, or min ayth hiya hiya

existent in concreto or in the mind

[]1

itibrt thalthah
127 itibritibrt
subjective manner of looking at

itibr
99

necessary existentpossible existents

127

al-Shif, Kitb al-Madkhal, op. cit. p.15.

67

principality or ontological fundamentality / alah

fundamentally real / ail

ail
itibrmentally posited
a concrete extra-mental piece of reality
128100ailitibr

1 ail
2 ail
itibr
3 ail
itibr

Amad As, d.
1640 129 Shayism
principality of existence / alat al-wujd

Mull Ali Zunzd. 1889/90 130

d.1191
Mr Dmd, d.1631
r Mzandrn 131 principality of quiddity / alat
al-mhyah101
mhyah
128

itibritibr

129
Imd Zdeh Ifahnir Mzandarnikmat-i-B Ali Sn, III (Teheran, Sahm, 1377 A. H.)
p.13, 16.

130
Badi al-ikam
131
ikmat-i-B Ali Sn, I, pp.364-375; p.385. II, pp.352-400.
68


1
in the particular sence / bi-al-man
al-akha mhyahm huwa
m hiyamhyah
2

in the general sence / bi-al-man al-aammmhyah

that by which a thing is what it is
reality / aqqahmhyahm bi-hi
huwa huwathat by which it is it
132
essence mhyah

the real
quiddity mhyah

mhyah

ail mhyah itibr

mawjd
1--being-a-stonestoneness
2being actualized

one single entity

102

132

quiddtiy
essence
69

ail
ail itibr
ail itibr

ail

primarily and essentially

itibr
secondarily and accidentally

alat al-wujd

existence in its various and variegated phenomenal forms

so many modalities
of existence
intrinsic limitations or determinations of existence
internal modifications of the
all-pervading existence103

the transcendental unity of existence

/ wadat al-wujd

nothing

act of existing / actus essendi

70

104
133
ail

itibr

existences / wujdt 134

primary realitiespermanent archetypes / ayn
thbitah 135

essential propertiesintelligible qualities

intelligible qualities / man aqilyah

existences

subjective qualitiesexistences

the reality of Existenceintrinsic determinnations

the true Reality

shadows and faint reflections of Reality

Existence

136 105
a unique self-subsistent entity
difination
essence one single
actualization 137

133

Mashir, p.35, no.85.

Wujd
135
ayn thbitahd. 1240
quiddityallati m shammat riah al-wujd

136
Mashir, p.4, no.4:
137
Ibid., p.5, no.4:
134

71

experience of
Existence

a certain defect of the intellect / defectus quidam intellectus

138

Shar-e Manmeh

139
ailail
unity/ wadah

common technical prediction / aml shi in140

106
man is capable of writing
/ al-insn ktib

writer
unitysameness
externally existent

object / misdq

141

138

Contra Gentiles I, c. 57.

Shar-e Manmeh vv. 22-23,
140
primary and essential predication

141
Cf. Taq al-mul: Durar al-Farid, I (Teheran, Markaz-e Nashr-e Kitb, 1377 A.H.) p.39.
139

72

 ail

itibr

multiplicitydiversity

itibr
107

analogical gradation / tashkkthe cause

the caused

ABAB
fire-nessbeing-fire
itibr
AB
precedence
AB
or priority142

priorposterior

143
more or less man

being-man

AB
ABfire-ness

A
B

AB

108
AB

142

causal
priority
143
I, 5, 3b-4a.
73

analogical gradation / tashkk

ikmat

actualization

quiddities

realities
itibr

109 ail
A
intensityB
ABweakness
A
BA

AB

itibr

74


144

110
in concreto

145

146

itibr

quiddity as it actually is / mhyah ka-m hiya

unity 147

148 111

anq

existences
149

144

Commentary on Avicennas al-Ishrt wa-al-Tanbht, I, p.301

145
kitb al-Talwt, ed. II. Corbin: Opera Metaphysica et Mystica, I (Istanbul. Deutsche Morgenlndische
Gesellschaft, 1945) p.22, 12:
146
Ibid., p.23:
147
Ibid., p.23.
148
Qub al-Dn al-Shrz, d.1311lithograph
ed. Teheran, 1315 A.H.

149
Talwt p.22.13:
75

150

112

itibr

itibr

151

itibr

The thing exists in the house.in the mind

in reality
in time
in / f
mhyah khrijyah

Zayd exists as a writer.

Zayd is a writer.

essence / aqqah or dht

rational aspects / itibrt aqlyah

113

150

Qub al-Dn al-Shrz, op. cit., p.185:

151
pp.189-191.
76


rational
aspects or modes / jiht aqlyah
152 possibility / imkn
oneness / wadah

form / rah

realities
153

actualizations / huwyt
154

mumkin
aynin concreto

114

155

156

mental attribute / ifah dhihnyah

X X

152

kitb al-Mashr wa-al-Murat, ed. H. Corbin, op. cit., p.343, 101.

Ibid., p.346, 103.
154
Ibid., p.344, 103
155
Ibid., p.346, 103
156

153

77

attribute / ifah
accident / ara

157 115

1
2

-being-particular
thing-ness / shayyah - -
being-a-thing

itibr
itibr

116

wujd-mawjdyah
158
non-existent / madm

--existence-being-existent
/ mawjdyah al-wujd

157
158

Ed. H. Corbin op. cit., pp.346-347,103:

Ibid., pp.358-359, 109
78

Shaykh al-Ishrqyah

117

spiritual-metaphysical Light / nr
the sole Reality

the
structure of Existence
the luminous
Reality

alah

118

alah al-mhyah
mhyah159 mhyah
159

mhyah
79

that by which a thing is what it is

19
Mrz Amad Ardakn Shrz 160
161
itibr

alah

accidentality of existence

1314

sit aliquod superadditum ad modum

accidentis
162
BrabantSiger
utrum ens vel esse in rebus
causatis pertineat ad essentiam causatorum vel sit aliquod additum essentiae
119existence / esse
illorum 163

quasi
constitutum per principia essentiae164

praeter essentiam / outside the quiddity165

Talqt
accident / araattribute / ifah

160

Nr al-Bair f all Mushkilt al-Mashir. Cf. H.

Corbins Introduction to his edition of the Mashir, p.51.
161
Cf. Jall al-Dn shtiyn: Hast az Naar-e Falsafah va-Irfn (Mashhad, Chpkhne-yi Khorsn, 1379 A.H.)
pp.217-218.
162
Thomas: In IV Met., lect.2.
163

164
Op. cit., lect. 2.
165
Cf. for example his Summa Contra Gentiles 1, 21, ed. Marietti.
80

166

Dr. ManserDas Wesen des Thomismus

sein irrtumliche Behuptung

167

120

praedicabile
praedicamentale
ens
contingenspredicable
ara mm
predicamental accident
ens in alio

substantial co-principle of a subtance

Dr. Manser ens in alio

ens in alio

predicamental or categorical
ens in alio

locus

being existent

168 121

166

Cf. Commentary on Aristotles Metaphysics, I, ed. Bouyges (Beirut, Univ. Saint Joseph) p.313, 315.
P. G. M. Manser: Das Wesen des Thomismus (Freiburg [Schweiz] St Pausdruckerei, 1935) p.469:

168
F. Rahman; op.cit., pp.10-11.
167

81

occurrence

Fakhr al-Dn al-Rz, d.1209

Fakhrian sophism / shubuht fakhryah

being

being in
the intellcetrational existence 169
being in the external world
170

121

being

171

selfsameness of existence and quiddity / aynyah al-wujd

wa-al-mhyah 172

Zayd mawjdZayd Zayd

173
169

wujd dhihn

171
Nar al-Dn al-: Commentary on Avicennas al-Ishrt wa-al-Tanbht, III, pp.462-463:
172
Mashr, p.27, no.71.
173
Ibid.
170

82

unification / ittid

123occurring
occurrence / ur

possibles

benot-be

a cause in actu

necessary-by-something-other-than-itself / wjib
bi-al-ghayr

nothing

being 174

175

124

174
175

William Carlo: op. cit., p.105.

Jall al-Dn shtiyn, op.cit., p.123. Cf. Also Aviccenna: al-Shif, al-Ilhyt, p.37.
83

Ab-l-Brakt 176
1by itselfout of itself

non-existencenothing
177

125

178
occurs / yari

ara

ifah
Bahmaniyr b. Marzbn 179 d. 1066

ifah
reality

176

kitb al-Mutabar, III, p.22, note 8:

Tahfut al-Tahfut, pp. 328-329 :
178
From al-Shif, quoted by Prof. shtiyn in op. cit., p. III:
179
Kitb al-TailIt is quoted by Prof. shtiyn in op. cit., p. 68. III:
177

84

 ifah Bahmaniyr

al-Talqt

existence
for their substrata 180 126

181

182

extrinsic
-

intrinsic

127

-being-father

occurrence / urqualification
180

181

182
Al-Talqt, quoted by Mull adr in the Mashir p. 34,83.
85

/ ittif

-
-

onts on

determinationslimitations
modifications

128

183

pre-existing
183

Muiy al-Dn Qumshi: op. cit., I, pp. 18-19.

86

illuminative relation / ifah ishrqyah

extrinsic
determinations intrinsic
determinations
William Carlo 184

Carlo

a self-determination or
self-limitation129

Carlo

specifiation
Carlo

variously limited
manifestations of the all-embracing act of existence

illuminative presence / ur ishrq

185

184
185

Op. cit., pp.103-104.

Mashir, p.24,57.
87


130

attributive existence

immediate witnessing

an immediate
vision
Jean-Paul Sartre

ishrq

186

131
187

essence

table-ness

188

186

La nause, p.160.
Ibid., pp.161, 162.
188
Ibid., pp.161, 162.
187

88

to be
belonging

132
189
Etienne Gilson descending ecstasies /
une extase vers le bas

diabolic mysticism / mystique diabolique

divine mysticism / mystique divine

Iaabsolute existence / wujd mulaq

bportion of existence / iah, pl. ia
II
cgeneral unit / fard mm
dparticular unit / fard kh, pl. afrd
khah

a
self-evident

133

189

Ltre et lessence, pp. 297-298.

89

bdetermined existence / wujd muqayyad

a

existence-of

man arf
cfard mm190

general / mm all-comprehensive
all-inclusivethe
totality of all external existential realities
unity
diversified

multiplicity
unitywujd munbasi
unfolded existence

martib

d
particular units / afrd khah

134

ab

cd

nothing
something limitied or
determineddetermining limit

191

190

absolute existence / wujd mulaqa

universal unit / fard kull

absolute unit / fard mulaq

191
Muammad Ri Sli KirmnWujd az Naar-e Falsifah-i Islm, I (Qum,
n. d.) pp.158-159.
90

15 adr al-Dn al-Dashtakd. 1497

192 a
b

subjective attitudeitibr
existent / mawjd

multiplicity

aqiq pl. of aqqah

existences

unifying threadthe world of

Being135

193
multiplicity
unityShaykh
Muammad Taq mul 194

phenomenal forms

itibr
unity

mul

negatively conditioned / bi-shar l 195

are
need / faqr,

being-necessary

Pahlaw

192

Mashir, p.28,71-72.
Shar-e Manmeh, v. 36.
194
Durar al-Farid, I, pp.87-88.
195

193

91

tasting of theosophy / dhawq

al-taalluh
Jall al-Dn
al-Dawwn (d. 1501/1503) Mr Dmd (d. 1631)

136

existences
portions
bd

itibr

X
Z
XYZ

/existent

unity
multiplicityJall al-Dn al-Dawwn

137

Pahlawfahlawyn

onemany
coincidentia oppositorumunity being
multiplicitymultiplicity being unity

92

existents

1
21
3

1
2

Kitb al-Asfr
196

being-man

multiplicitydiversity
reflection

pseudo-reality

reflectimitate138

effluences / ishrqt

being-related-to

pure relations / rawbi

maah

unity

196

Cf. mul: op. cit., p.90.

93

139

realities

irf al-wujd
quiddities

oneness
-

oneness

tashkk

tashkk

-
caused140-

non-material being

94


197
1
tashkk
kh2tashkk mm
identical with
each other

2 2000
2 2000

-being-existent
-being-existent

-being-existent

141

realities

non-existencenothing
unitymultiplicity

mental aspects /
itibrt
198 multiplicity
luminous multiplicity kathrah nrnyah
multiplicity of darkness / kathrah
ulmnyah

197

Muiy al-Dn Qumshiikamt-e Ilh, pp. 10-11

198

95

Giles
uniform

Giles
Omnehabet essentiam realiter differentem ab esse, et per aliud est ens et
per aliud existens: 199142

self-subsistant

200

the real Light

others
quiddities
-

wide
expanse

non-composite
143

199

Theoremata de Esse et Essentia, XIII (Louvain, Museum Lessianum, 1930) p.78, quoted by W. Carlo, op. cit.,
p.61, n. 7.
200
Shar-e Manmeh, ad. vv. 34-35.
96


universal comprehensiveness / shuml
all-inclusive
1

onemany

201

315

wujd munbasi
breath of Mercifulness / nafas
ramn 202

144

appear

descends / tanazzul
existential Mercy
203

201

Mashir, p.8,12.
A Comparative Study of the
Key Philosophical Terms in Sufism and Taoism, vol. I, Ibn Arab (Tokyo, Keio Institute of Clutural and Linguistic
Studies, 1966).
203
Cf. Bad al-Mulk MirzMashirin Le livre des pntrations mtaphysiques, op. cit., p.90.
202

97

multiplicity
unity

itibr-ness

204
205
145
real light
/ nr aqqah206 reality of existence
/ aqqatu al-wujd

aqqah nrnyah

bi-shar lnegatively-conditioned
l bi-shar non-conditionedbi-shar shay
conditined-by-something

1
purified / mujarradah
2absolute /
mulaqah
3mixed / makhlah
146
bi-shar l

204

ikamt al-Ishrq, ed. Corbin, p.113,116:

Ibid., p.197, pp.133-134.
206

205

98

207
l bi-shar

unity

in potentia

147

I al-wujd bi-shar l
II
al-wujd l bi-shar
III al-wujd bi-shar shay

a structure of three different strata

essence

207

ss Commentary upon Avicennas al-Ishrt wa-al-Tanbiht,

pp.229-230, and Qub al-Dn al-Qzs Mukamt found in the Tehenran edition of al-Ishrt, I, (Haydar, 1377
A.H.) pp.75-76.
99

self-revealing

wujd kh

particular existences / wujdt khah

208 148

actus

itibr
existents

209

ghayb majhl
kanz makhf

208

Shar-e Manmeh, v. 3.
Cf. shiyn: op. cit., p.157, 193.

209

100

149

101