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*Good morning one and all.

*My name is ali.
*our project is(name).
*this is embedded system based project.
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*In todays life, everyone gives importance to time.
*Time does not wait for anybody.
*Everything should beperformed in time & accurately.
*This electronic project going to automatically ringing the bell
at a correct time replacing manual switching including RTC.
*It has an Inbuilt Real Time Clock (DS1307 /DS 12c887)
which tracks over the Real Time.
*When this time equals to the Bell Ringing time, then the
Relay for the Bell is switched on.
*The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit)Bus is a two-wire,communication bus.
*It was created to reduce the manufaturing costs of electronic products.
*RTC continuously updating the time & displaying on LCD
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*These are the contents...
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*Bell ringing concept using buzzer but under user supervision.
*Manual work is done to ring the bell by swithing system.
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*Bell ringing concept by buzzer which is automatic under the concept of

I2C PROTOCOL
*The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit)Bus is a two-wire, low to
medium speed, communication bus (a path for electronic signals)
developed by Philips Semiconductors in the early 1980s.
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*This is the block diagram we connect lcd,ds1307,4*4 keypad,buzzer to AT
89s52 microcontroller
*Let us discuss one by one regarding this parts.
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*The DS1307 Serial Real-Time Clock is a low-power, full binary-coded
decimal (BCD) clock/calendar plus 56 bytes of NV SRAM.
*Address and data are transferred serially via a 2-wire, bi-directional bus.
*The clock/calendar provides seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month,
and year information.
*The end of the month date is automatically adjusted for months with fewer than 31 days,
including corrections for leap year.
*The clock operates in either the 24-hour or 12-hour format with AM/PM indicator.
*The DS1307 has a built-in power sense circuit that detects power failures and automatically
switches to the battery supply.
*Features are...any 4 points(56-byte, battery-backed, nonvolatile (NV)Two-wire serial
interfaceProgrammable square wave output signal
Automatic power-fail detect and switch circuitry,Available in 8-pin DIP or SOIC
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*This is the block diagram of ds1307
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*LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find

a wide range of applications.

*A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines.
*In this LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix.
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*This is schematic diagram of lcd
*Explain the connections
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*AT89S52 microcontroller is a great family supports Intel MCS-51 .
*Is created by Atmel AT89S52, indicated by the initials "AT".
*This microcontroller has a low consumption, but acquis CMOS 8-bit gives high performance
with an internal flash memory of 8K Bytes.
*This is achieved using non-volatile memory technology and high density belonging Atmel and
is compatible with standard 80C51.
*Flash memory chip allows internal or scheduled to be reprogrammed by a non-volatile memory.
*By combining an 8-bit CPU with Flash programmable memory per core monolithic Atmel
microcontroller
*AT89S52 is very strong which has high flexibility and is thus the perfect solution for many embedded
applications.
*Features[40 pin Dip-Ic,Internal RAM of 256 x 8.Compatible with TTL and CMOS digital technologies.
Memory addressing capability 64k ROM and 64k RAM]
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*This is the block diagram of at89s52
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*Matrix keypads use a combination of four rows and four columns to provide button states to the
host
typically a microcontroller. Underneath each key is a pushbutton, with one end connected to one
row, and the other end connected to one column. These connections are shown in Figure 1.

*In order for the microcontroller to determine which button is pressed, it first needs to pull each of
the
four columns (pins 1-4) either low or high one at a time, and then poll the states of the four rows
(pins 5-8). Depending on the states of the columns, the microcontroller can tell which button is
pressed.
*For example, say your program pulls all four columns low and then pulls the first row high. It then
reads
the input states of each column, and reads pin 1 high. This means that a contact has been made
between column 4 and row 1, so button A has been pressed.
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*This is the matrix keypad connections
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*A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device,which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or
piezoelectric. Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers and confirmation of
user input such as a mouse click or keystroke.
*Gives sounds under relevant electronic devices
Specified time schedule is maintained for making sounds
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*This is the buzzer
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*These are the hardware and software requirements
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*This is how power supply given to kit.
*Step down transformers are designed to reduce electrical voltage. Their primary voltage is greater
than their secondary voltage. This kind of transformer "steps down" the voltage applied to it.
For instance, a step down transformer is needed to use a 110v product in a country with a 220v
supply.

*The bridge-wave rectifier configuration is more commonly used because it does not require the use
of a center tapped transformer.
Instead, it uses a single secondary winding attached to one side of the diode bridge network.
Eliminating the center tapped transformer
reduces the size and cost of the rectifier.It is used to convert ac to dc
*Bridge-wave rectifier is used more commonly than Full-wave rectifier because bridge -wave rectifier
has better transformer utilization, since all the copper carries current for the full AC cycle. Full-wave
(half-bridge) carries current only half the time for each half of the winding.
The main advantage of this bridge circuit is that it does not require a special centre tapped
transformer, thereby reducing its size and cost.
*Electronic filters are analog circuits which perform signal processing functions, specifically to remove
unwanted frequency components from the signal, to enhance wanted ones, or both. Electronic filters
can be:
*A voltage regulator is designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level.
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*This is the kit working photograph
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*These are the advantages[Riskless factor,Less time consuming,Accurate time maintenance]
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*The applicaton areas are schools,colleges,institutions
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*The basic design of the Automatic School Bell (mainly for Primary and Secondary Schools) in this
work remains the same though extra functions can be included.
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*The future scope is development of this project in rural areas
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*THANK U
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*Any questions???

***********SEE the components to which pins of the mc are connected