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MicroLogix 1100/1400
Presenter: Peter Bell
MicroLogix and PanelView Component Regional Product Manager
Please DO NOT take this manual!
Contents
Before you begin......................................................................................................................................... 5
About this lab ................................................................................................................................................ 5
Tools & prerequisites .................................................................................................................................... 5
Lab A1 Creating a New Project............................................................................................................... 7
Launching RSLogix Micro Programming Software ....................................................................................... 7
Creating a New Controller Project ................................................................................................................ 7
Examining Your New RSLogix Micro Project................................................................................................ 9
Creating the First Rung of Ladder Logic ..................................................................................................... 10
Creating the second ladder logic rung ........................................................................................................ 16
Creating the third ladder logic rung............................................................................................................. 22
Verifying your ladder logic program ............................................................................................................ 22
Saving your work......................................................................................................................................... 24
Lab A2 Testing Your Ladder Logic ...................................................................................................... 25
Power cycle your MicroLogix 1100/1400 demonstration box ..................................................................... 25
Downloading your ladder logic to the PLC.................................................................................................. 25
Changing the PLC from Program to Run mode .......................................................................................... 29
Monitoring and testing your PLC ladder program ....................................................................................... 30
Lab A3 Using Basic Instructions in Ladder Logic.............................................................................. 32
Changing the PLC from Run to Program mode .......................................................................................... 32
Copy and Rename your previous ladder logic program ............................................................................. 32
Modifying your existing ladder logic program.............................................................................................. 33
Adding a timer to your ladder logic program ............................................................................................... 35
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(1) 1766-L32BWA
(6) Lights
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2. From the toolbar menu, select File > New, or click on the New File icon, to create a new controller
file.
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At this time you do not need to make any changes to the communications
settings
5. Once you have selected your controller all that is left is to click OK.
6. From the toolbar menu, select File > Save As and then click Save as shown below.
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A: Project Viewer
Controller information/setup = Series Revision, Configuration Information
Program Files - Where ladder logic is entered
Data Files - Where data values are stored
Force Files - Where you can override the state of the I/O with a forced value, so an input that is
turned on by an external sensor may be forced off even when the sensor is turned on. Or a relay
output may be forced on, even when the program running in the controller did not turn it on.
Custom Data Monitors = User Configurable Data monitor registers, which allows a user to manipulate
user program information (beyond the scope of this course)
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B: Program Viewer
Where Programs reside
Where ladder logic is entered
C: Program TABS
When a program file is open a TAB is created
Allows easy/quick access to program file content
D: Instruction Buttons
Drag & Drop, or Double Click
Must have Program Viewer Active
E: Tabbed Toolbar
Instructions grouped by function.
Floating Toolbar Support
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4. Click and hold the New Rung with the left mouse button and drag the icon to rung zero (0000).
5. When you see the green X on rung zero release the left mouse button.
Rungs can be thought of as the means to get current from the left rail to the
right rail. In simple relay ladder diagrams, wires did exactly that.
6. Verify that your RSLogix Micro program window appears as shown below.
The lower case e to the left of the ladder logic indicates the rung is in edit
mode.
Our empty rung represents a dead short, so we need to add the conditions that define
when we want current to flow, or actions to take place. We will start by adding an input
instruction to our blank ladder rung. An input instruction gives the controller information that
it interprets as the cause component of cause and effect. Given the proper inputs
(causes) the controller will generate specific outputs (effects).
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8. Click on the Examine if Closed ( XIC ) instruction and drag the instruction to your new rung.
We now need to provide an address for our new XIC input. The address tells the ladder
logic where to look for the input. PLCs use addressing where Relay Logic (or hard-wired
logic) used the physical connection of wires to make a circuit.
If at anytime you wish to delete a rung or instruction from your program simply
select the rung or instruction (Highlight it red) and press the delete key on your
keyboard or right mouse click and select delete.
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10. Make sure your XIC instruction is highlighted, type I:0/0 and press Enter.
11. When the description window appears, enter the description as shown below and click on OK.
Now let us add an output instruction to this rung. This represents the effect, as discussed earlier.
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13. From the Bit tab, click and drag an OutpuT Energize OTE instruction
below. As before, when you see the green X release the mouse button.
There is a difference between the letter O (which stands for Output), and the
number 0.
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If your addresses do not look the same, make sure that you are properly using
the letter O and the number 0.
Congratulations you have just created your first rung of ladder logic!
When the conditions on the input (left) side of a rung are met, the instruction on the output (right) side of
the rung will be executed. In this case, the OTE instruction will be executed whenever the XIC instruction
is evaluated as true. In other words, when the input (InputButton0) is closed or turned on at address
I:0/0 the result will be the output (Light0 on the controller) will be turned on at address O:0/0.
The inputs and outputs in your ladder logic can be physical, real outputs like the relay output shown
above, or can be virtual or a bit stored in the data table. You use physical outputs for controlling external
devices but you may want to create virtual outputs to identify when something turns on or off other parts
of your ladder logic program.
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Lets add the first input instruction to this new rung just as you did in the previous section.
2. Click and Drag an XIO instruction
button.
to rung 1 until you see the green X, then release your mouse
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3. With the newly added XIO highlighted, enter the address I:0/1 and then press Enter.
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6. Using what you learned in the previous steps, address this new instruction as I:0/2 and add a
description of StartButton. When finished your rung should now look like this.
Putting serial conditions on the rung allows us to look for AND conditions. In
this case we are asking if the Stop Button is not pressed AND the Start Button is
pressed. Both conditions have to be true for the rung to be true.
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8. Click on the User tab and then click and hold the left mouse button to drag the Rung Branch
button in between the XIO (StopButton) and the XIC (StartButton) instructions on rung 1.
9. When you see the green X as shown below, release the mouse button.
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We must now identify what the either / or decision will be. To do this, we need to move the branch
around our Start Button.
11. Click and hold on the right side of the branch leg (the part highlighted red). Drag the branch leg to the
right side of the Start Button. When you see the green X, release the mouse button.
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12. Using what you learned in the previous steps, click and drag an XIC onto the new branch you just
created and address the new XIC as O:0/1.
You will notice you are entering the same address for this XIC instruction as the
output address of your OTE instruction. This is the power of the PLC. What you
have just accomplished is the PLC equivalent to auxiliary contacts on a motor
starter that allow you to create a Seal In circuit. By adding this branch with the
OTE address the motor will now stay on when the start button is released, until
the stop button is pressed.
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When the verify has completed and no errors are found all program edit markers (the e to the left of
the ladder rungs) will disappear and no errors found will be displayed at the bottom of the RSLogix
Micro software screen.
2. If no errors are identified in your logic program proceed to the next section Saving Your Work.
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3. If you have errors in your logic program, those rungs containing the errors will still show the edit
markers (the small e beside the rung number) as shown below:
4. If the Verify Results window doesnt open automatically, select View > Results from the toolbar menu
or simply press ALT+1.
5. Click on the error message in the Verify Results window and you will notice RSLogix Micro highlights
the ladder rung and instruction that contains the error.
6. Go back through the previous lab and correct your error(s).
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The revision note box will appear. RSLogix 500 software is automatically
configured to allow you to enter notes on version changes of your program and
back-up older versions of your program as you make changes. This allows you to
quickly go back to an older version if you make a mistake. The number of
revision copies is configurable and can be turned off if you do not desire to have
this feature active.
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2. Expand the AB_ETHIP-1 driver by clicking on the + sign in front of the driver.
3. Highlight the MicroLogix 1100 or 1400 at 192.168.1.2 as shown below:
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4. Click Download. If the revision note window appears simply click OK.
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6. You may then be prompted to replace the controllers communications settings with your new project
settings. Simply click YES.
7. If the controller is currently in remote RUN mode and executing a program the following screen will
appear asking to switch the controller to the remote PROGram mode to begin the download. Simply
click YES.
The MicroLogix 1100/1400 controller has a mode switch that is accessible using
the LCD display and buttons located on the controller. The software is able to
change the controllers mode only when the controller is in the remote RUN or
PROGram mode. If the Mode Switch on a MicroLogix 1100/1400 controller is in
the Run position or the Program position, the software program will not be able to
change the operating mode.
You will see the download progress window appear as the download occurs.
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****************************************IMPORTANT******************************************************
8. You may be prompted to apply communications channel changes if your program settings are
different then what is configured in the Micrologix. Since we made no changes to how the MicroLogix
1100/1400 communicates, if this screen appears, simply click Dont Apply.
****************************************IMPORTANT******************************************************
9. Just click OK if you get the following message:
10. If your controller was in the RUN mode prior to the download RSLogix 500 will ask if you wish to
switch the controller back into the RUN mode. Click NO. We will manually switch into the RUN mode
in a later step.
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11. You will then be asked if you wish to Go Online with your controller. Click YES.
Notice there are three (3) Run selections for the PLC:
Test Continuous scans the program and the outputs are disabled
Test Single Scan performs one scan cycle with outputs disabled
2. Click Run.
3. When asked Are you sure you want to change processor mode to RUN? click Yes.
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COMM1
Ethernet Status
Controller
Mode
(it may also
say
REMOTE
meaning
Remote
RUN)
Input Status
Output Status
So now lets examine your ladder logic in operation. (If needed, you may refer to the button location at the
end of this lab document)
When green bars are shown on either side of ladder logic elements this indicates Logical Continuity,
which helps determine how the application is operating and is designed to help you in debugging your
application ladder logic. In a relay logic model, this is the same as current flowing.
1. To test rung 0, enable (Press and hold) InputButton0 (DI0) on the demonstration box, examine the
display of your MicroLogix controller and rung 0 in your RSLogix 500 project.
2. Light0 (DO0) will turn ON and in your ladder program you see InputButton0 and Light0 highlight
indicating that the input switch and output have been turned on. Also notice on the LCD display that
Output 0 is also turned on.
3. To test rung 1, press and release (ON then OFF) StartButton (DI2). Motor1 (DO1) will illuminate on
the demonstration box. Notice StartButton and Motor1 in your MicroLogix 1100/1400 program is
also highlighted indicating an energized or on condition.
Inputs and Outputs are numbered 0,1,2, etc. This means that address I:0/2 is
actually the third button on the demonstration box.
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Notice that even after you release StartButton, Motor1 continues to stay on. The logic decision
between StartButton and Motor1 in our input circuit is an OR. If either StartButton is pressed, or
Motor1 is energized, Motor1 will stay running. This is a perfect example of a latching circuit also
called a 3-wire control circuit. If you toggle StopButton (DI1) on the demonstration box, you will see
that Motor1 will de-energize or turn off.
The two inputs on rung 2 are the outputs of rungs 0 and 1. RunningLight will energize (Turn On)
when the two inputs are true. So in other words, the outputs from rung 0 and rung 1 must be ON or
TRUE to turn on our RunningLight. This is an example of AND ladder logic.
Go ahead, give it a try - turn on your RunningLight.
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4. With the XIO instruction highlighted type C5:0/DN and then press Enter.
5. When asked to enter a description, type CounterDoneBit and press OK.
6. Click on the rung number, 0001, and then click on the Accept Current Rung Edits checkmark:
7. The es will disappear and your modified ladder logic should appear as shown below:
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This is one of the most powerful features of a micro controller, the ability to
change the operation of a program through software. To do the same thing in
relay logic, an electrician would have to disconnect the wire from a normally open
contact (our InputButton0 in rung 0) and wire it to the done or output of a timer.
Besides avoiding the obvious potential for miss-wiring and the time it would take
to do the wiring, the micro controller has the benefit that the timer is already built
in.
10. When asked to enter a description, type Timer done bit and click OK.
11. Verify that your rung now appears as follows:
12. To accept the changes, click on the rung number, 0002, and then click on the Accept Current Rung
Edits checkmark, as before. The es by rung 0002 should disappear.
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Notice as soon as you entered the address O:0/1 the description Motor1 was
automatically shown. Once an address has a description associated with it, that
description is carried throughout your ladder logic program.
Your rung should now look like this
Time Base: 1.0 This is the increment that the timer counts, 1 second per count. Press Enter
Preset: 10 This is the value the timer must reach to be done. Press Enter
Accum: 0 This is the elapsed time of the timer while counting. Press Enter
7. To accept the changes, click on the rung number, 0003, and then click on the Accept Current Rung
Edits checkmark, as before. The es by rung 0003 should disappear.
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Preset: 10 This is the value the counter must reach to be done. Press Enter
Accum: 0 This is the number of counts that the counter has recorded so far. Press Enter
6. To accept the changes, click on the rung number, 0004, and then click on the Accept Current Rung
Edits checkmark, as before. The es by rung 0004 should disappear.
Now we need to add an instruction so we can reset our counter.
7. Add a new rung (rung 0005).
8. Add a XIC button onto the left side of the rung you just created.
9. Address the instruction as I:0/3 and then press Enter.
10. Enter the description Motor On/Off Counter Reset Button and click OK.
11. Click on the Timer/Counter tab and drag the RES button onto the right side of the rung you just
created (this instruction will allow us to reset our counter).
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12. The address we will use for our RES instruction is C5:0.
Your rung should now appear as follows:
The function of the RES or reset instruction in our program is to zero out the
accumulator of our C5:0 counter whenever I:0/3 is energized.
13. To accept the changes, click on the rung number, 0005, and then click on the Accept Current Rung
Edits checkmark, as before. The es by rung 0005 should disappear.
The LIM instruction will allow us to compare the value of our timer against
predetermined limits.
3. Enter the following parameters for the LIM by double-clicking on each parameter in the Limit
instruction:
Low Limit: 1 This is the low limit we will use for our comparison. Press Enter
Test: T4:0.ACC This is the value we will be evaluating; If asked to enter a description simply
leave it blank and click OK
High Limit: 7 This is the high limit we will use for our comparison. Press Enter
The LIM instruction is true when the timer is between 1 and 7 seconds. The
question marks will disappear when you accept the rung edits.
Lets now add an output instruction to our LIM rung.
4. Click on the Bit tab and drag the OTE button over to the right side of the LIM rung you just created.
5. Address the instruction as O:0/4 and press Enter.
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6. Following our good programming practices, label your new output address Motor Starting Light.
Your rung should now look like this:
7. To accept the changes, click on the rung number, 0006, and then click on the Accept Current Rung
Edits checkmark, as before. The es by rung 0006 should disappear.
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2. Select File/Rung and type the description While the timer accumulator is between 1 and 7 seconds,
the LIMit instruction will turn output #4, the 'Motor Starting Pilot Light' ON.
Rung Comments can be used to describe in detail the function of a rung of ladder
logic. This is a good programming practice, and a great feature of RSLogix 500
programming software.
Your rung should now look like this:
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2. Select Run and then click Yes when the following window appears.
2. RUNG 1 - Watching your ladder logic carefully, Press and release (ON then OFF) StartButton or DI2
on the demonstration box. Notice Motor1 turns on. Also notice that on rung 3 the timer begins to time
because its input condition Motor1 has been turned on and the counter has incremented by one
count.
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Even after you release DI2 StartButton the motor continues to stay on and the timer continues to
time. This is a perfect example of a latching circuit also called a 3-wire control circuit. Toggle
StopButton DI1 on the demonstration box. You now see that Motor1 turns off and the timer stops
timing.
3. RUNG 2 The two inputs on rung 2 are the T4:0 done bit and Motor1. The output RunningLight is a
condition of these two inputs. In order for our RunningLight to turn on the timer needs to time for 10
seconds and be done and Motor1 must be on. Only then will RunningLight or DO3 on the
demonstration box turn ON. So once the motor has been running for at least 10 seconds the
Running Pilot Light will come on.
4. RUNG 3- In order for our Motor On/Off Timer the TON to start timing Motor1 must be on. The
Timer starts timing once the motor begins running up to speed.
5. RUNG 4- Each time Motor1 is toggled from Off to On our Motor On/Off Cycle Counter the CTU will
count up by one. This will allow us to keep track of how many times our motor has been turned on
and off. This will help us to schedule maintenance appropriately.
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6. RUNG 5- When Motor On/Off Counter Reset Button our counter reset switch is energized this will
reset counter C5:0 back to 0 . When we perform maintenance on the motor, we can reset the counter
to keep track of the next maintenance cycle.
7. RUNG 6- While our Motor On/Off timer accumulator is between 1 and 7 seconds, the LIMit
instruction will energize our Motor Starting Light and illuminate DO4 on our demonstration box. This
gives us the indication that the motor is spinning up to speed. DO4 then turns off after 7 seconds to
conserve the use of our pilot light.
CONGRATULATIONS!!
YOU HAVE JUST COMPLETED
THE BASICS OF PLCs
HANDS ON LAB
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StopButton
StartButton
Light0
Motor1
Running Light
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