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Table of content
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Table of content
1 Master Data
1.1 Supply Chain Model, Planning Version, and Supply Chain Engineer
1.1.1 Creating, Copying, and Deleting Model/Planning Version
1.1.2 Planning Version Copy with Parallel Processing
1.1.3 Merge Master Data of Active Version with Inactive Version
1.1.4 Planning-Vers.-Depend. and Planning-Vers.-Independ. Master Data
1.1.5 Model Consistency Check
1.1.5.1 Profile Maintenance
1.1.5.2 Executing the Model Consistency Check
1.1.5.3 Log Selection
1.1.5.4 User-Specific Checks
1.1.6 Supply Chain Engineer (SCE)
1.1.6.1 The Supply Chain Engineer Screen
1.1.6.2 SCE Settings Maintenance
1.1.6.2.1 Maintaining the SCE User Profile
1.1.6.2.2 Maintaining Units of Measure for Display
1.1.6.2.3 Maintaining Time Zone for Display
1.1.6.2.4 Maintaining Cost Functions
1.1.6.2.5 Defining Work Area
1.1.6.2.6 Using Supply Chain Hierarchies
1.1.6.3 APO Model Maintenance
1.1.6.3.1 Creating a Model
1.1.6.3.2 Maintaining SCE Views
1.1.6.3.3 Maintaining Objects in Model
1.1.6.3.4 Maintaining Dependent Objects in Model
1.1.6.3.5 Deleting Objects from Model
1.1.6.4 Supply Chain Queries and Data Maintenance
1.1.6.4.1 Displaying and Maintaining Location Data
1.1.6.4.2 Displaying and Maintaining Location Product Data
1.1.6.4.3 Displaying and Maintaining Resource Data
1.1.6.4.4 Displaying and Maintaining PPM Data
1.1.6.4.5 Displaying and Maintaining Transportation Lane Data
1.2 Location
1.2.1 Displaying, Creating, and Changing a Location
1.2.2 Deleting a Location
1.2.3 Location Hierarchy
1.2.4 Application Log for Location
1.2.5 Geocoding
1.2.5.1 Calculation of Transportation Zone Coordinates
1.2.5.2 Interface for Third-Party Geo-Coding
1.2.5.2.1 Parameter Description
1.2.5.2.2 Data Types of the ABAP interface
1.2.5.2.3 Data Types of the RFC interface
1.3 Product
1.3.1 Global Product Master Data
1.3.1.1 Maintaining Global Product Master Data
1.3.1.2 Maintaining Properties
1.3.1.3 Maintaining Units of Measure
1.3.1.4 Maintaining Classifications
1.3.1.5 Maintaining Product-Related Data for SNP1
1.3.1.6 Maintaining Product-Relevant Data for ATP
1.3.1.7 Product Group
1.3.1.8 Alternative Product Number
1.3.2 Location-Dependent Product Master Data
1.3.2.1 Maintaining Location-Dependent Product Master Data
1.3.2.2 Maintaining Administration Data
1.3.2.3 Maintain Requirements Data
1.3.2.4 Maintain Lot Sizes
1.3.2.5 Maintaining Product-Related Data for SNP2
1.3.2.6 Maintaining Procurement Data
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1 Master Data
Purpose
Master data is used in different components of SAP Supply Chain Management (SAP SCM).
Master data is stored in individual master records, which can be changed either individually or through Mass Maintenance.
Integration
Master data is created directly in the relevant component. However it can also be transferred from SAP R/3 via the APO Core Interface (CIF) for use in SAP
Advanced Planning and Optimization (SAP APO). For more information on the integration of master data in SAP APO and SAP R/3, see Integration of Master
Data.
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Navigation
Create Model/Planning Version Model
Select the model or planning version you wish to delete in Deletion is only possible if you have the authorization to
the left-hand part of the screen and choose Delete
Model/Planning Version.
delete.
When you delete a model, all planning versions of the
model are also deleted.
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You can carry out the copying and deletion of models/planning versions either in the foreground or in the background.
If you are copying in the foreground, the copy log is displayed, and the copies are added in the left-hand area of the screen.
If you are copying or deleting in the background, you receive a mail when the copying or deletion process is completed.
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Prerequisites
If you want to make use of the parallel processing option, you must have created a parallel processing profile in Customizing for the master data under Model and
Version Management Create Parallel Processing Profile for Planning Version Copy .
Features
The program provides you with the following options:
Improved performance due to parallel processing
Additional improvement in performance when copying the active planning version if you unset the Also Copy Location Products indicator
Determination of scope of copying
Copy master data only
If you choose this option, the system copies the master data only.
You can additionally restrict the scope of copying for location products.
Copy master and transactional data
If you choose this option, the system copies all master data. In the Copying Scope in Detail section of the screen, you have additional selection options
for transactional data. Only the transactional data selected here is copied.
You can also restrict orders and stocks by selecting certain location products.
To prevent inconsistencies arising from transfers per APO Core Interface (CIF) that take place parallel to the copying of the active planning version, two Business
Add-Ins (BAdIs) are also available:
BAdI: Deactivation of CIF Prior to Copying of Planning Version (/SAPAPO/MVM_COPY1)
BAdI: Activation of CIF After Copying of Planning Version (/SAPAPO/MVM_COPY2)
You will find the BAdIs in Customizing for the master data under Model and Version Management Business Add-Ins for Planning Version Copy .
Activities
1. To invoke the program, from the Advanced Planning and Optimization menu, choose Master Data Model and Version Management Copy Planning
Version.
2. Under Source Version , enter the planning version whose data you want to copy.
If you enter the active planning version, the Also Copy Location Products indicator additionally appears. In the standard system, this indicator is set. If you
unset this indicator, the location products of the active planning version are merely referenced. This facilitates an additional improvement in performance.
3. Under Target Version , enter the planning version to which you want to copy the data.
If a planning version with this name already exists, its data is overwritten with the data of the source version. The name and the GUID of the planning version
are retained so that you can continue to use it in variants and profiles.
If no planning version of this name yet exists, it is created automatically.
4. To use the parallel processing facility, specify a parallel processing profile under Profile .
5. Define the scope of copying.
Example
You want to optimize your planning by changing the data of your active planning version. Before making these changes to the active planning version, you
simulate a planning run. To do so, copy the data of the active planning version into a new planning version. You change the data of this planning version and
execute simulation runs. Where appropriate, adopt the optimized data in the active planning version.
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Use
You have created a planning version and have used it to simulate planning runs. You have changed the master data attributes of this planning version until you
have reached an optimal planning run. Now you wish to adopt the master data attributes of this planning version in the active planning version. You do not have to
change the relevant master data attributes in the active planning version individually this function provides the option of doing so on a collective basis.
As standard, the system merges all version-dependent attributes of the master data object location product. You can also select the following master data objects
for merging:
Location
Transportation lane
Quota arrangement
The system also only merges the version-dependent attributes for these master data objects.
Note that making mass-changes to the active planning version can have major implications for the planning. You should therefore use this function
with the greatest care.
To improve performance and achieve a better overview, we recommend that you work with template planning versions that only affect the master
objects that are relevant to the planner in question in each case. You should have created these template planning versions manually, that is,
without a planning version copy. With this approach, the changes transferred back to the active planning version are minimized.
Procedure
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Application-Specific Master Data Service Parts
Planning (SPP) Merge Master Data of Inactive Version with Active Version .
2. Enter the planning version you wish to use as a source version.
3. Enter the planning version you wish to use as a target version.
4. You can also specify specific products and locations whose master data you want the system to merge.
5. You can also choose additional master data attributes whose version-dependent attributes you want the system to merge.
6. Choose Merge Versions .
Results
The system adopts the master data attributes of your template planning version in the active planning version. Master data attributes for which there are no
parameters in the template planning version remain unchanged in the active planning version. Transaction data attributes likewise remain unchanged.
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Location
By choosing a planning version and the change mode on the initial screen for location master data maintenance, you can process all fields that are dependent on
the planning version.
For more information, see Displaying, Creating and Changing a Location.
Location Product
By choosing a planning version (via Extras Choose Planning Version ) and choosing the change mode on the initial screen of the location-specific product
master, you can process all fields that are dependent on the planning version.
If you did not choose a planning version on the initial screen, the values you specified in the planning-version-dependent fields will automatically be assigned to
planning version 000 (this applies in any case to planning-version- in dependent fields).
If you change the planning-version-dependent data in the location product master without explicitly specifying a planning version, you will also change the
planning-version-dependent values of version 000 and all versions for which no planning-version-dependent data has previously been defined.
Only the location products for which you have explicitly created planning-version-dependent data use separate data and not the planning-version-dependent data
of planning version 000.
For more information, see Maintaining Location-Dependent Product Master Data.
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Scrap of an activity
The duration of an activity defined at the mode
The capacity requirement of an activity defined at the resource
The material consumption defined at an alternative component
If you define one of these parameters dependent on time, you can specify a planning version for which this setting is valid.
If you specify a planning version, the system only uses this setting for the specified planning version.
If you copy this planning version, the system also copies the time-dependent parameters. If you change the parameters in the original planning version later,
this has no effect on the parameters of the copy.
If you do not enter a planning version, the system uses this setting for all planning versions for which you have not defined any other time-dependent
parameters. If you change this parameter, this also affects all planning versions for which you have not defined any individual settings.
If you copy a planning version for which no planning-version-dependent data and no time-dependent parameters have been defined, the copy also uses this
information.
For more information, see PPM Plan.
Resource
All the data of a resource is dependent on the planning version. Specific data for the resource, such as the resource type, cannot be changed; some data can only
be changed depending on the status of the activities scheduled on the resource.
If you assign a resource to a model, the system automatically assigns it to all planning versions of this model. If you create a new planning version for this model
later, the system also automatically assigns the resource to the new planning version.
If you change the data for a resource, you only change it in the planning-version-specific copy; in other words, if necessary, you have to change the data in all
planning-version-dependent copies of the resource.
On the initial screen of the master data for the resources, you can copy the resource data of all planning versions of a model via Tools Copy
Resources .
Behavior of the planning-version-dependent resource master data when a planning version is copied
Source version
Copy
Not possible
Separate planning-version-dependent data, separate variant data; uses the data of the
shift definition
Not possible
Separate planning-version-dependent data, separate variant data; uses the data of the
Quota Arrangement
All quota arrangements can be defined as dependent on the planning version. However, you can also define planning-version- in dependent quota arrangements.
Planning-version- in dependent data is used in all quota arrangements for which there is no planning-version-dependent data.
If you wish to explicitly assign quota arrangement data to planning version 000, you must specify the planning version 000 while in quota arrangement
maintenance mode ( Master Data Quota Arrangements from the SAP Easy Access screen). If you change this data, the change will have no effect on other
planning versions.
If you copy a planning version for which no planning-version-dependent data has been defined, the copy contains no planning-version-dependent data and also
uses the planning-version- in dependent data.
If you copy a planning version for which separate, planning-version-dependent data has been defined, this data is also copied. If you change the original version
(after copying), this change has no effect on the data of the copy.
If you copy planning version 000, all planning-version-dependent data is copied at the same time. If you change the data in planning version 000, this change
has no effect on the data of the copy.
Changes to the planning-version- in dependent quota arrangement data affect all planning versions for which no planning-version-dependent data has been
defined.
For more information, see Validity of Quota Arrangements.
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model or
work area
to make sure it is complete and does not contain inconsistencies regarding its use as an
APO supply chain model.
The check provides important information about the maintenance of master data and its suitability for use in APO scheduling functions.
The model consistency check only includes checks from a business view, not technical (such as
liveCache-oriented) checks.
You can either execute the model consistency check manually or in the background. For more information about executing the model consistency check in the
background, see
Executing the Model Consistency Check under Saving Messages to the Database .
Integration
You should execute a model consistency check after you maintain the model in the
Supply Chain Engineer (SCE). The results of the check point out the following master data inconsistencies:
error
wrongly maintained
not needed for the APO scheduling functions.
You can easily correct these inconsistencies from the model consistency check.
The model consistency check is a useful tool when creating and changing APO models.
See also:
Create profile
For more information, see
Profile Maintenance.
Execute model consistency check
For more information, see
Executing the Model Consistency Check.
Display a log that is saved to the database of a model consistency check that has already been executed
For more information, see
Log Selection.
You have the option of including user-specific individual checks. For more information, see
User-Specific Checks.
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Integration
All of the individual checks to be executed in the model consistency check are contained in a profile. It determines the scope of the model consistency check.
Features
Individual checks of the following master data and applications are available in the model consistency check:
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We recommend that you always execute a master data check after maintaining a model in the Supply Chain Engineer (SCE).
Cross-Master Data Checks:
Here you can search for inconsistencies between master data objects.
In-house production: If in-house production is defined for a location product, the system checks whether a PPM exists for the location product.
External procurement: If external procurement is defined for a location product, the system checks whether the product is defined for a
transportation lane that leads to the product.
Application Checks:
Here you can check that master data objects are used consistently in the applications. Use this check depending on your business process.
For more information on individual checks, see the corresponding field helps.
Activities
To create a profile, take the following steps in the SAP APO Easy Access menu:
1. Choose Master Data Model Consistency Check Maintain Profile.
You are now on the Model Consistency Check: Administration Check Profiles screen.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Prerequisites
Before you execute the model consistency check, ensure the following prerequisites have been met:
You have created a profile in the profile maintenance containing the individual check to be executed.
You can only specify a work area if you have already created it in the Supply Chain Engineer (SCE).
For further information, see
Defining Work Areas.
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You can also call the model consistency check from the Supply Chain Engineer. Choose Master Data Supply Chain Engineer Display Model
Goto Model Consistency Check.
You can call the CTM-specific parts of the model consistency check directly from the CTM Profile Maintenance.
1. Choose Multi-Level Supply & Demand Matching Planning Capable-to-Match (CTM ) Planning .
2. On the Settings tab page under Profiles, specify a check profile of the model consistency check.
3. Choose Check Profile .
Features
You can execute a model consistency check for a planning version. In addition to the planning version, specify a profile and a check date. All master data objects
assigned to the planning version form the object selection:
The system uses planning-dependent data for individual master data objects, if it exists.
If it does not exist, the system uses the planning version-independent model data for the check.
If you specify a check date, the system considers the time specifications (for example, validities of objects or time-dependent attributes) of the particular date.
If you specify a work area, you can limit the amount of data to be checked. The system then checks the objects in this work area only.
The following options are also possible:
Use Strict Check Criteria
With this indicator, you can define criteria for the check of objects from the object selection and for the favored message type.
If you set the indicator (check type 1), the system checks the objects of the object selection to see whether they display a consistent (partial) model.
In this case, the system assigns the message type using the following criteria:
Error (E)
: This message refers to an inconsistency.
Warning (W)
: This message indicates that the current data situation may lead to problems in the applications, especially in the planning functions.
Information (I)
: This message informs you about the current data situation.
If you do not set the indicator (check type 2), then the system assumes the objects in the object selection are
work areas, in Supply Chain Cockpit (SCC) terms. A work area is a quantity of objects in a planners area of responsibility.
In this case, the system assigns the message type using less strict criteria:
If only the relevant start location exists in the object selection of a transportation lane, the message The target location of transportation lane
XY is not found in the object selection, that results from the model consistency check, is an error message in check type 1, and a warning
message in check type 2.
Information
Here you can display the existing objects in the object selection.
Object Selection
Here you can display the following information regarding the object selection:
Number of
objects that exist in the object selection for each object type
location products for each location in the object selection
PPMs for each location in the object selection
Resources for each location in the object selection
Check Results
After executing the model consistency check, the system displays the relevant check messages. You can process these later.
There are different ways of doing this:
Select Messages
You can select the displayed messages according to the following criteria:
Message type: The messages are displayed as error, warning, or information messages.
Check area: Messages regarding the affected master data and application area for the following areas are displayed:
Locations
(Location) products
Resources
Production Process Models (PPMs)
Integrated Product and Process Engineering (iPPEs)
Transportation lanes/quota arrangements
Master data, general
Characteristics-Dependent Planning (CDP)
Supply Network Planning
Capable-To-Match (CTM)
Vehicle Scheduling
User-Specific Checks
Check object: Messages about the affected master data objects are displayed.
To select the messages, choose Sort .
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You have the option of executing the model consistency check in the background, using report /SAPAPO/CONSCHK. In this case, the
check messages are automatically saved to the database.
The duration of a run depends on the number of executed checks. We recommend you to execute the checks in the background if you have
several master data and application areas. There is no time difference between a manual check run and a check run executed in the
background.
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Prerequisites
You have saved the check messages to the database and executed the model consistency check in the background.
Features
You can select the check log using the following criteria:
Date and time of log creation
User
Profile
Planning version
Check date
Work area
If you want to display the logs saved in the database, the display options described in
Executing the Model Consistency Check under Check Results are also relevant here.
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various nodes and links. A model can have different planning versions. This gives you the option of creating different models, each with different versions for
simulation purposes.
Integration
The Supply Chain Engineer is a fully integrated component of SAP Advanced Planning and Optimization ( SAP APO ) which is used to create models. The
model is the basis for all APO planning functions. It covers all areas of the network chain, from the suppliers supplier to the customers customer. Here the
relevant data objects are imported from the source system into SAP APO.
Features
Nodes and links are used to construct a supply chain model. A node denotes to a location or business entity in SAP APO. The connections between the locations
are the transportation lanes. Locations include production plants, distribution centers, customers, and suppliers.
In addition to locations and transportation lanes, the model also enables you to keep an eye on other supply chain elements, such as products, production
process models (PPMs), and the following resources:
Handling
Production
Storage
Transportation
The SCE enables you to view data pertaining to the different elements in your chain. You can submit queries for information about individual or combined elements
in your supply chain. For example, you can launch a query that will generate a list of all products belonging to a specific location in your model.
You can display your supply chain model either geographically on the map or as a logical view.
For more information, see:
The SCE Screen
SCE Settings Maintenance
APO Model Maintenance
Transportation Lanes
SCE Queries
Supply Chain Model, Planning Version, and Supply Chain Engineer
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Structure
The layout of the SCE screen is as follows:
The upper section is a graphical representation of your current model.
The middle section has a number of pushbuttons that you can use to select objects for the work area.
The lower section is a tree structure containing all the objects in the work area.
Supply Chain Engineer
Screen Elements
Functionality
Header
Graphical Display
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maps. First, save the map files locally, then activate the Add button in
the map maintenance screen to add map layers. On this screen you can
also customize the fill and line colors on the map as well as the width of the
lines
Filter: This enables you to filter objects displayed on the map
Choose: Enables you to select a location on the map
Highlight: You can highlight the inbound and outbound lanes of a location
by selecting the location and activating this icon
Move: You can move a location that you have first selected
Connect : You use this to connect (create transportation lanes between)
locations. (First choose locations by clicking on Connect draw line to
other location lane maintenance screen appears)
Change Representation of Connection : You use this to change the way that
transportation lanes are displayed
Print/Save : You choose this to print and save the view
Use the context menus on nodes and links (click once with right-hand mouse button) as
described in Object Selection.
Object Selection
Tree structure with different pushbuttons for locations, products, resources, PPMs, and
transportation lanes. Context menus on nodes and links (single click on right-hand
mouse button) enable you to:
For more information, see Supply Chain Queries and Data Maintenance
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Prerequisites
You have maintained all relevant SAP APO master data.
Process Flow
Perform the following procedures:
Maintaining the SCE User Profile
Maintaining Time Zone for Display.
Defining SCE Work Areas
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Define parameters
Set a work area filter for graphical and/or hierarchical display
Choose means of transport
Set parameters for the Selections for Query screen
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Queries
Transportation Lanes
Procedure
1. From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Master Data Supply Chain Engineer Make Settings .
The view for user-specific settings appears.
2. Maintain the profile as described below:
You can also access the profile from the SCE menu ( Settings User profile ). In this case, however, you will only find a reduced version of the
General tab page from the settings screen.
Pushbuttons of the Menu Bar
Field
Procedure
Load Default
Time Zones
General Settings
Field.
Procedure
If you want the work area to be used as a filter for the graphical display, set the
corresponding indicator.
Hierarchies
Set the indicator according to whether or not you want to display hierarchies in the SCE.
For more information, see:
APO Hierarchy
Model Maintenance
Field.
Procedure
Set this indicator for the automatic assignment/deletion of dependent objects to/from a
model. All dependent objects are automatically included in the activity.
Geographical Coordinates
Activate this indicator if you want to confirm geographical coordinates each time you
move locations on the map.
Queries
Field.
Procedure
Relative Interval
If you have chosen Relative Interval, activate the radio button that corresponds to the time
period you want to work with.
Enter the number of periods.
Fixed Interval
The selection you make defines the parameter for the Selection for Query screen. This
is an intermediate screen that always appears when you want to run a query. The query
objects entered and other options are displayed. This enables you to view your current
selection and change it if necessary before proceeding. (See APO document: APO
Supply Chain Cockpit)
Use the input help to make your selection.
Use standard SAP settings. The selection screen for queries always appears if it might
make sense to change the query selection.
Always use standard selection screen. Choose this option if you always want to see the
selection screen.
Do not use standard selection screen. Choose this option if you never want to see the
selection screen.
Transportation Lanes
Field
Procedure
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Product Procurement
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Procedure
1. From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Master Data Supply Chain Engineer Maintain Model
Result: The SCE initial screen appears.
2. Choose the model you want to maintain.
Result: The SCE main screen appears.
3. From the SCE menu, choose Settings Unit .
4. Enter the units of measure for distance and velocity.
5. Save.
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Procedure
1. From the SCE menu, choose Settings Time Zones .
Result: The Time Zone for Display screen appears .
2. Make your selection.
3. Choose Continue.
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Procedure
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Result
The cost function will be included in the Possible Entries for cost functions in the Product Procurement maintenance screen.
Fixed costs
Variable costs
0000
5,000
1.8
5,000
10,000
1.6
10,000
20,000
1.4
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Procedure
1. Access your model from the SAP Easy Access menu. Choose Master Data Supply Chain Engineer Maintain Model
The Supply Chain Engineer: Choose Model screen appears.
2. Choose the model and work area you want to use. Choose Display, Change or Create , depending on the activity you want to perform.
Result: The SCE main screen appears. The objects of the work area/model appear in the overview tree and on the map.
The map shows all locations that the model contains. In the user-specific settings, you can specify that only those locations that are included both in the
model and in the work area are to be displayed.
Maintain Work Areas
Field
Procedure
1. Choose the Work Area pushbutton and select the Add Objects option.
Result: The Select Work Area screen appears.
Resource
Production process model
iPPE
2. On the left-hand side, select the dimension from which you wish to add objects.
3. On the right-hand side, enter the objects or use the input help.
4. Choose Adopt .
Location product
Pushbutton...
Procedure
Adopt
Save Selection
Load Selection
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Delete Line
Selection Options
Cancel
Display an object
Add objects
Remove objects
Clear the work area
Save the work area
Save work area as...
Result
The objects in the work area you created appear in the SCE tree structure.
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Production plant
Distribution center
Customer
Supplier
The supply chain model also enables you to keep track of other supply chain elements, in addition to locations and transportation lanes, such as products,
production process models (PPMs), and the following resources:
Handling
Production
Storage
Transportation
Features
A model can have different planning versions. This gives you the option of creating different models, each with different versions for simulation purposes.
The SCE modeling screen is divided into two areas:
The upper part of the screen provides the view of your model.
The lower part shows you a hierarchical display of the objects in your work area.
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Prerequisites
Create master data (model-independent data):
Locations
Location products (define the global and location-specific data for the product)
Resources
Production process models (PPMs)
Means of transport (APO Customizing)
Process
Before starting, you must create master data for locations, location products, resources, and other model-independent elements. You create and maintain the
supply chain model in the SCE by placing the locations on the map and using transportation lanes to connect the locations together and form a network. The
direction of the lanes shows the direction of the product transportation flow. To assign the products to the locations, simply use the drag and drop function. You must
also assign a quota arrangement to your products to specify which percentage of the product quantity is to be transported to other locations in the chain.
Creating a Model
Defining SCE Work Areas
Maintaining SCE Views
Maintaining Objects in Model
Maintaining Dependent Objects in Model
Deleting Objects from Model
Supply Chain Model, Planning Version, and Supply Chain Engineer.
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You can create a work area at the same time as you create a model. However, this step is optional at this point. The purpose of the work area is to
restrict the number of objects you want to work with at any given time. It makes sense to create the complete supply chain model first, and then
create the necessary work areas. If you do not enter a work area when you create the model, you will have an unnamed, user-dependent work
area containing your entire model.
For more information, see:
Defining SCE Work Areas
Supply Chain Model, Planning Version, and Supply Chain Engineer
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Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
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Prerequisites
Maintain the master data for the individual objects.
Procedure
1. Go to the SAP menu and access your supply chain model in Change mode.
2. From the SCE main menu, choose Model O bjects All Object Types Add to/Delete from Model.
Result: The Selections for Chosen Function screen appears.
3. Choose the objects you want to include in or delete from the model. You can choose:
Location
For locations, you can also maintain transportation lanes and quota arrangements in the SCE.
Location products
Resources
Production process models (PPMs)
4. Limit your selection to the work area (optional).
You can maintain individual objects from the SCE main menu or using the context menus attached to the objects displayed in the tree and on the
map. You can also use the following SCE menu pushbuttons for model maintenance (see the quick info under the icons).
Model/planning version management
Objects in model (display list of all objects in the model)
Add objects to model (access context menu: Selections for Chosen Function ).
Delete objects from model (access context menu: Selections for Chosen Function ).
Assign dependent objects to model (automatic assignment of dependent objects to ensure model consistency)
Reset display
User-specific settings (access SCE user profile)
Result
The objects you selected have been added to or deleted from the model.
For more information about maintaining individual object types such as locations or products, see also:
Supply Chain Queries and Data Maintenance
Maintaining Dependent Objects in Model
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dependent objects assigned to them. To ensure model consistency, you can automatically assign or delete the dependent objects along with the primary object.
Automatic assignment not only ensures consistency, but also makes model maintenance much easier.
Example
If you assign a production process model (PPM) to your supply chain model, the location and all associated resources and products will automatically be
assigned as well.
Procedure
1. From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Master Data Supply Chain Engineer Make Settings .
2. In the SCE settings profile, choose Model Maintenance .
3. Set the Include Objects to Ensure Model Consistency indicator if you want all dependent objects that are necessary for model consistency to be assigned
automatically. See table below.
4. Set one or more of the other indicators if you want to assign objects that are attached to the primary object but are not necessary to maintain model
consistency (for example, products at a location). See entries in table below:
Model Consistency and Dependent Objects
Primary Object
Dependent Object
Location
Loc. prod.
Resource
PPM
Location product
Location
Resource
PPM
Resource
Location
X
X
Loc. prod.
PPM
PPM
Location
Loc. prod.
Resource
Location of resource
For locations, you can also specify that the following objects are to be automatically assigned or deleted:
Location products
Resources
PPMs
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If you delete a location for which dependent transportation lanes still exist, you get a warning message. When you delete the location, the
dependent transportation lanes are automatically deleted as well.
4. The selection screen appears. Adjust the selection if necessary.
5. When prompted, confirm deletion with Yes .
If you have set the indicator for the dependent objects in the SCE user settings, ALL dependent objects will be deleted along with the primary
object.
For more information, see:
SCE Settings Maintenance
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!--a11y-->
Procedures
Displaying and Maintaining Location Data
Displaying and Maintaining Product Data
Displaying and Maintaining Resource Data
Displaying and Maintaining PPM Data
Transportation Lane Data
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Prerequisites
You have maintained the location data.
Procedure
1. Access your model via the SAP menu: Master Data Supply Chain E ngineer . Choose display mode if you want to view the object, and change mode
to maintain objects in the model.
2. Choose Location .
3. In the overview tree, there are two levels: location type and individual locations. Open the relevant context menu by clicking the right-hand mouse button.
Depending on the activity (for example, query for list of models), this screen appears, giving you the option to change your selection before
continuing.
4. You can perform the following activities for each level.
Location Type
Result
Individual Locations
Result
Display/Change
Location
Location product
Quota arrangements
All incoming or outgoing product quota arrangements maintained for a specific location in
the current model are displayed and can be changed.
Transportation lanes
Incoming
Outgoing
Queries:
List of models
Product list
Resource list
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PPM list
The transportation network shows all the transportation lanes (starting with this location),
all the products assigned to this location and to the destination locations, as well as all
products assigned to the lanes.
The production network shows all products assigned to this location and all its
transportation lanes.
Use this context menu option to delete the objects from your work area.
You can also perform these activities from the Supply Chain Engineer main menu. Choose
Model Objects
....
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Prerequisites
You have maintained the location product data.
Procedure
1. Access your model via the SAP menu: Master Data Supply Chain E ngineer . Choose display mode if you want to view the object, and change mode
to maintain objects in the model.
2. Choose Location Product .
3. Expand the product list. Open the relevant context menu by clicking the right-hand mouse button.
Depending on the activity (for example, query for list of locations and lanes), the selection screen appears, giving you the option to change your
selection before continuing.
4. You can perform the following activities:
Location Product Header
Result
Master data
Products in model
Location Product
Result
Display/Change
Product
Location product
Queries:
List of models
PPM list
The transportation network shows all transportation lanes and locations that this product
is assigned to.
The production network shows all transportation lanes and locations that this product is
assigned to.
Use this context menu option to delete the objects from your work area.
You can also perform these activities from the Supply Chain Engineer menu. Choose Model Objects
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....
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!--a11y-->
Prerequisites
You have maintained the resources.
Procedure
1. Access your model via the SAP menu: Navigation Supply Chain E ngineer . Choose display mode if you want to view the object, and change mode to
maintain objects in the model.
2. Choose Resource .
3. There are two levels in the overview tree: resource type and the individual resources. Open the context menu by clicking the right-hand mouse button.
Depending on the activity (for example, query for list of models), this screen appears, giving you the option to change your selection before
continuing.
4. You can perform the following activities for each level.
Resource Type
Result
Individual Resources
Result
Display
Queries:
List of models
Use this context menu option to delete the objects from your work area.
You can also perform these activities from the Supply Chain Engineer menu. Choose
Model Objects
....
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Prerequisites
You have maintained the PPM.
Procedure
1. Access your model via the SAP menu: Navigation Supply Chain E ngineer . Choose display mode if you want to view the object, and change mode to
change objects in the model.
2. Choose Production .
3. There are two levels in the overview tree: the PPM header and the individual PPMs. Open the context menu by clicking the right-hand mouse button.
4. You can perform the following activities for each level.
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Result
PPMs of model
PPMs
Result
Display
Queries:
Model list
Use this context menu option to delete the objects from your work area.
You can also perform these activities from the Supply Chain Engineer menu. Choose
Model Objects
....
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Prerequisites
You have maintained transportation lanes.
Procedure
1. Access your model via the SAP menu: Navigation Supply Chain E ngineer . Choose display mode if you want to view the object, and change mode to
change objects in the model.
2. Choose Transportation Lane.
3. There are two levels in the overview tree: the lane header and the individual lanes. Open the context menu by clicking the right-hand mouse button.
Depending on the activity (for example, query for list of locations and lanes), this screen appears, giving you the option to change your selection
before continuing.
4. You can perform the following activities for each level.
Transportation Lane Header Data
Result
Transportation Lanes
Result
Display
Change
Lane
Mass maintenance
Parameters
Queries:
List of products
The transportation network shows all locations, products, and lanes that are connected to
this lane
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You can also perform these activities from the Supply Chain Engineer menu. Choose
Model Objects
....
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1.2 Location
Definition
A logical or physical place at which products or resources are managed on a quantity basis.
The following standard location types exist:
Production plant (1001)
Distribution center (1002)
Shipping point (1003)
Transportation zone (1005)
Stock transfer point (1006)
Storage location MRP area (1007)
Customer (1010)
Vendor (1011)
Subcontractor (1050)
Transportation service provider (1020)
Terminal (1030)
Geographical area (1031)
Store (1040)
Use
If you assign a location to a supply chain model, SAP APO takes the location into account in the planning. For more information, see Supply Chain Model,
Planning Version and Supply Chain Engineer.
For information enabling you to set up the location master data maintenance display on a user-specific basis by suppressing individual tab pages, see UserSpecific Display Profiles for Master Data Maintenance.
For information on logging changes for location master data, see Change Logging for Master Data.
For information on the where-used list for location master data, see Where-Used List for Master Data.
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Procedure
1. From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO Master Data Location . The Location Master Data: Initial Screen appears
2. Enter a location number and a location type. Location types are predefined.
When you first choose a location type, the input help for the Location field shows you all already existing locations of this location type.
Choose:
Display , to view an already created location
Change , to alter an already created location
Create , to create a new location
Set Planning Version , to set a planning version f or a location. The system sets the active planning version 000 by default.
Assign Model, to assign one or more supply chain models to a location.
3. The screen for the selected location appears.
4. Choose a tab page and enter the relevant data in the fields.
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Tab page
General
Maintain Address
Address
Calendar
TP/VS
Resources
SNP
Additional Data
The fields on the Addit . tab page are fields that must
be released in Customizing before they become
available. In the APO Implementation Guide,
choose Advanced Planning and Optimization)
Master Data Define Free Attributes .
VMI
TSP
ATP
Input fields that do not exist for other location types are activated for the location type 1007 MRP Area .
5. On each tab page, w hen you have finished entering your data choose Save.
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Prerequisites
The general prerequisites for the deletion of master data apply.
You have eliminated any still-existent dependencies involving this location. Possible dependent objects include ATP assignments or a product, model, or
resource assignment, for example.
For more information, refer to SAP Note 572579.
To clarify existing dependencies, you can generate a where-used list for the location that is to be deleted.
Procedure
1. On the Location Master: Initial screen, choose a location and then choose Location Deletion Flag .
On the following screen, set the deletion flag for the location and choose Save .
You can remove the deletion flag by unsetting the indicator for the relevant location.
Choose Extras Delete Locations, to finally delete one or more locations that have been flagged for deletion. You can either perform the deletion
immediately or schedule it for a later point in time.
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See Implementation Guide documentation, under Advanced Planner and Optimizer Master Data Define Hierarchy Structure or Define Hierarchy .
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Features
The location application log shows you the messages issued by the following programs:
Deletion program for locations (program /SAPAPO/DLOC_DEL_JOB )
The application log for this program provides you with an overview of where references to the deleted location still exist. You can then remove these.
All programs capable of running in background mode.
Logs can be displayed, saved in the database, and deleted from the database.
You can call up the following information:
Basic header information (kind of log, who created it when and how, etc.)
Long text of message
Detailed information
Technical information
Activities
You can display logs from the SAP APO Easy Access menu via Master Data Location Application Log Display Application Log .
You can delete logs from the SAP APO Easy Access menu via Master Data Location Application Log Delete Application Log .
See also:
Application Log - Guide for End Users
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1.2.5 Geocoding
Use
The term geocoding comes from the area of geographical data processing. It describes the process for determining the geographical coordinates (longitude and
latitude, altitude) from the address data given.
There are various commercial geocoding programs that determine the required data using the address attributes (country, region, postal code, city, street, and so
on). It is therefore possible in many ways to enhance the existing data basis of these programs gradually (per country, for example).
Within the SAP system, an interface has been created for such geocoding programs that is generally accessible for applications. Geocoding is a service that is
not firmly integrated into the central address management (CAM). Applications that do not use CAM can nevertheless implement geocoding. In addition, in a
further step, geocoding has been installed directly into the central address management (CAM) to simplify applications and their usage.
The coordinates determined can be used in various applications; for example, in the following applications:
Display of business objects on a map (localization of a business object on a map using address data)
Determination of the distance (distances can be calculated on the earths surface from the geocoordinates determined; for example, as a first approximation
as the crow flies or with the relevant map material on a street basis)
Routing (for example, in Transportation Planning, determining a route on a street basis)
Regional evaluation (for example, evaluating all customers within a radius of 50km or determining the nearest competitor)
The solution chosen by SAP guarantees a problem-free connection to various geocoding programs. A model has been selected that provides a single interface for
SAP applications. In Customizing it is possible to pass on these addresses, on a country-specific basis, to various geocoding programs. This distribution function
is carried out by the SAP geocoding framework. This function allows various geocoding programs (for example, a special geocoding program for North America,
another for Europe) to be used in the system. Depending on the country given in the address, the various geocoding programs are used. The geocoding programs
are called via an interface defined by SAP. Manufacturers of geocoding programs can be validated for use of this interface.
SAP SCM
Specifically in SAP SCM, you have the option of geocoding the locations that have an address, using the PTV eServer geocoding program. For more information,
see the Service Marketplace under service.sap.com/instguides mySAP Business Suite Solutions mySAP SCM Using SAP SCM 5.0 Server
Installation Guide - PTV eServer.
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Latitude
Longitude
Time zone
Precision of the geolocation (for example, continent, country, region, postal code)
The system calculates the transportation zone coordinates by means of a geocoding program. The program determines the geographical latitude and longitude of
the transportation zone. You can use this data to calculate the distance between two business partners, for example.
The geocoding is carried out according to the required precision, which may be defined at the level of country, region, postal code, place, street, or house number
The SAP geocoding program supplied works at the country and region levels.
Prerequisites
You have made the basic settings for geocoding in Customizing for SAP Supply Chain Management (SAP SCM) under General Settings Set Up
Geocoding .
You have entered the necessary address data. The system calculates the transportation zone coordinates on the basis of this address data.
Activities
On the SAP Easy Access Menu mySAP Supply Chain Management screen, choose A dvanced Planning and Optimization
Location Calculate Transportation Coordinates .
On the initial screen, enter a supply chain model and choose Execute .
Master Data
If you set the Take Deletion Flag Into Account indicator on the initial screen, the customer and vendor locations that are assigned to the
transportation zone and for which the deletion flag has been set are not taken into consideration in the calculation of the transportation zone
coordinates.
Choose the transportation zones for which you wish to calculate the coordinates from the list of results and then choose Calculate Coordinates .
The system calculates the coordinates of the selected transportation zones. You will find the geographical data of the transportation zones on the General tab
page of the location master record.
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Prerequisites
The geo-coding interface is valid for SAP's basis releases 4.6C, 4.6D, and 6.10.
You are not required to set up a user interface. The dialog box for selecting an address is part of the SAP geo-coding framework.
Features
Internal Structure of Geo-Coding Framework
The SAP system uses a geo-coding framework that provides a dispatcher. The dispatcher enables you to choose between several geocoders for a given address
and an interface to ABAP applications. The application calls this dispatcher in order to pass one or more addresses. The dispatcher chooses the correct geocoder
(depending on the country where the address is located and on Customizing settings), and then calls it via the geo-coding interface.
The following figure shows the geo-coding framework from the left (application) to the right (geo-coding program). The relevant part for geo-coding program suppliers
can be found in the right-hand section of the figure (colored red), including the Interface to geo-coding programs.
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Data Exchange Between the SAP Geo-Coding Framework and the Geo-Coding Program
exporting
changing
addresses
type
aes_addr_table
xinfo
type
geocdxinfo
results
type
geocd_res_table
choice
type
geocd_choice_table
relevant_fields
type
geocd_addr_relfields_sortedtab
corrected_addresses
type
aes_addr_sortedtable
messages
type
aes_msg_table
containers
type
aesc_sortedtable.
The interface always works with tables and is able to run mass transactions. Each address carries an identifier ( GUID16) for identification purposes. The geocoding program needs to assign the identifier to all calculated results. Within this documentation, only one address is passed to the method for simplification
purposes.
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RFC Interface
To attach a geo-coding program to the SAP system via the RFC interface, you must implement an RFC server and use SAP's generic geocoder class to call it via
RFC. The RFC destination and geocoder function name can be maintained in the geo-coding customizing settings. The ABAP class (
CL_GEOCODER_GENERIC_RFC) simply maps the given parameters to RFC-safe structures and passes them to the RFC server, which you must implement.
We recommend that you use a function name such as RFCGEOCODER_pv_c, where pv is a product identifier and version number, and c your company
identifier. The maximum length of such a function name is restricted to 30 characters. For example, an SAP geocoder could use a name such as
RFCGEOCODER_GC10_SAP.
This interface is as follows:
RFC_FUNCTION name_is_up_to_you
importing
exporting
changing
addresses
type
aes_rfc_addr_table
xinfo
type
geocdxinfo
time_zone
type
timezone
results
type
geocd_res_table
choice
type
geocd_choice_rfc_table
relevant_fields
type
geocd_addr_relfields_sortedtab
messages
type
aes_msg_table
containers
type
aesc_rfc_sortedtable
container_lines
type
aesc_cont_sortedtable.
COUNT
SERVICE
FIELD
VALUE
FCA753
GEOCODING
LONGITUDE
1.234
FCA753
GEOCODING
LATITUDE
34.243
FCA753
GEOCODING
LONGITUDE
-53.987
FCA753
GEOCODING
LATITUDE
12.433
AF6C32
GEOCODING
LONGITUDE
38.432
AF6C32
GEOCODING
LATITUDE
-84.342
Activities
Customizing Settings
1. In Customizing for General Settings , register your geo-coding program in the SAP system by selecting Geo-Coding Register Geo-Coding Program in the
System .
Enter the value for SRCID that you received from SAP and the name of your class. When using an RFC interface, the third-party vendor can have his own
SRCIDs.
Save your entry. From now on, the SAP system only works with SRCID.
2. Set up a country for your geo-coding program in Customizing for General Settings by selecting Geo-Coding Assigning Geo-Coding Program to Countries .
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Create a new line for the desired country, enter the value for SRCID that you received from SAP, and enter a value for the sequence. If there already is an existing
line entered for this specific country, select a number smaller than this one.
Set the exclusive flag.
3. Mark all fields of the ADRC_STRUC address structure that will be used to determine the geographical location in Customizing for General Settings by
selecting Geo-Coding Assign Relevant Address Fields for Geo-Coding for each attribute used in your geo-coding process. First enter the ID of your geocoding program, then enter a value in the address field (or press F4 for a list of possible attributes).
To test it, run the GEOCODING_FIRST program. It is a very simple program that lets you enter an address and prints out the values returned
from the geo-coding program. As this is only a test program, we recommend using it as an entry point for your test program. You can also use this
program for testing the SAP geo-coding program SAP0 that works on a country/region basis.
Keep in mind:
You are not required to write a geo-coding program for all countries at once.
It is possible to use more than one geo-coding program.
It is possible to set up the system for using specific geo-coding programs for specific countries.
Example
Fine-Tuning the Customizing Settings
A customer wants to use two different geo-coding programs for the same country (for example, France): a reasonable version that works on a regional basis in
France (for example, the SAP0 geo-coding program that is contained in the standard delivery) (Geocoder1), and one that works at street level for Paris as capital
of France (Geocoder2) for routing purposes.
You can set up Customizing in two different ways:
1. Run Geocoder1 to get a valid geographical location somewhere in France, and then improve it by trying Geocoder2, which may improve the location if it is in
Paris.
In Customizing for General Settings , select Geo-Coding Assign Geo-Coding Program to Countries . For France, Geocoder1 needs to get a value for the
Sequence column that is smaller than Geocoder2 to make the program run earlier. But although Geocoder1 may succeed, we need to run Geocoder2, which
may improve the result of Geocoder1. This requires that you remove the exclusive flag in Customizing.
This solution requires that you ALWAYS run both of the registered geo-coding programs, even for addresses in Paris.
2. Run Geocoder2. Only if the address is not located in Paris, start Geocoder1.
In Customizing for General Settings , select Geo-Coding Assign Geo-Coding Program to Countries . For France, Geocoder1 needs to get a value for the
Sequence column that is higher than Geocoder2 so that the program runs later. If Geocoder1 succeeds (because it found an address in Paris), Geocoder2 does
not need to be run because there is no chance for it to improve the location. For this set, the exclusive flag of Geocoder2, which means Do only continue if no
result (result=6 -> not responsible
class=Section2>
) was determined. If this flag is set once for a geo-coding program, all geo-coding programs for the same country with a higher value in the Sequence column are
implicitly set as exclusive.
This is the preferable solution because of its higher efficiency, but it requires the geo-coding program with the higher order value to be able to improve on an
already existing location.
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The interface passes all addresses in the table to the geo-coding program. Each entry consists of an ID and the address
data itself (ADRC_STRUC structure).
When implementing the geo-coding program via the RFC interface, the data type of the address is different. It is
GEOCD_ADDR which is a subset of ADRC_STRUC.
xinfo
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results
This table is used to return the status from the geo-coding process. Each entry consists of the ID to identify the
corresponding address. For each address you need to return a result value ( RES attribute) with valid values (shown in
bold font):
0
choice
This table is used to return a list of addresses the user can choose from. It will only be used if the return value in the
results parameter equals 3.
The structure of the table is as follows:
ID
RANKING
PERCENTAGE
ADDR_SHORT
ADDRESS
COUNT (CONTAINER in the ABAP interface, see argument CONTAINERS for details)
The table starts with the ID attribute.
The following RANKING and PERCENTAGE attributes will be used to put these addresses in order. RANKING is
used internally to determine the order. PERCENTAGE is only used for display purposes and does not have an impact
on the displayed order.
The addr_short attribute is mandatory and is used for displaying the address in the dialog box.
In the address attribute, you must store the complete modified address as it would be passed from an external source.
The addresses data type is different when using the RFC interface. For more information, see section Differences
Between IF_GEOCODING_TOOL and RFC Interfaces in Interface for Third-Party Geo-Coding.
RFC interface:
The final count attribute is used in conjunction with the container_lines attribute. container_lines holds all pairs of
service/key/value triples with results from geo-coding (for example GEOCODING/LONGITUDE/13.533). To identify
such an entry, each such line has ID/COUNT as access key. For more information, see the example in the Example
for a result in container_lines section in Interface for Third-Party Geo-Coding. (The address with ID FCA753 returns
a list of two addresses in choice and corresponding geographical data in container_lines ( count 1 & 2 in the table).
Please do only use count values greater than or equal to one. Zero is reserved for the unambiguous result of the geocoding process (see argument containers).
ABAP interface:
If you use the ABAP interface, container directly links to a table with corresponding container lines.
relevant_fields
Currently SAP displays the short form of the address ( addr_short attribute) in the selection dialog box. This table
contains the selection-relevant attributes of the returned addresses in the choice parameter. Only the attributes
mentioned in this table are displayed.
For example, if the user wants to geocode Frankfurt in Germany, he will encounter the problem that there are two cities
called Frankfurt in Germany (Frankfurt-upon-Oder and Frankfurt-upon-Main). The geo-coding program returns a choice
of addresses. Though these addresses also contain attributes like street name and house number, there is no need to
display these fields if the user first needs to select the correct town. So you may only return the attribute names
COUNTRY, POSTCODE and CITY1 in relevant_fields. A list is now displayed that shows only these three relevant
fields.
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corrected_addresses
Do not change this attribute. Usually this attribute is used for internal purposes only.
messages
It is possible to create messages that are displayed to users or written to the application log. There are some predefined
messages in the SZGEOCODING development class. Simply append messages to this table. Do not modify or delete
a message.
containers
This is a table of AES containers. For each imported address, there will be an AES container to be exported. Again,
each AES container can be identified via the ID.
Note that for each address passed to the geo-coding program, there will also be an AES container passed with the
corresponding ID. So it is not required to create a new AES container entry in the table.
The attributes of each AES container structure are ID, CONTAINER, and CANCELLED in the ABAP interface, and ID
and CONTAINER in the RFC interface.
CANCELLED should not be set. This flag is set by the SAP geo-coding framework when users cancel the selection of
an address.
More details regarding the container are inside the AES container: One line of such a container consists of a SERVICE
field that describes which service created this line. For geo-coding purposes, use constant GEOCODING (upper case
is mandatory). The possible values for the FIELD attribute are LONGITUDE, LATITUDE, ALTITUDE, SRCID,
SRCTSTMP, PRECISID, and TZONE (upper case is mandatory). The VALUE attribute is used to store values for the
fields given in the FIELD attribute.
For a description of the container, see the graphic in section Data Exchange Between the SAP Geo-Coding Framework
and the Geo-Coding Program in Interface for Third-Party Geo-Coding.
For a description about the possible values and their data format, see Data Types of the ABAP interface.
RFC Interface:
For technical limitations, a direct link to the container table is not available in the RFC interface. Instead the ID is used
as link to the CONTAINER_LINES attribute, where the lines of the container are stored. Store container lines using
the address ID and COUNT=0 as key to table CONTAINER_LINES.
!--a11y-->
Type
Domain
GUIDLOC
geoguid
SYSUUID
LONGITUDE
geolon
GEOLONLAT
LATITUDE
geolat
GEOLONLAT
ALTITUDE
geoalt
GEOALT
SRCID
geosrcid
CHAR4
SRCTSTMP
timestamp
TZNTSTMPS
PRECISID
geoprecis
D_GEOPREC
TZONE
timezone
TZNZONE
The GUIDLOC attribute is for special use only. Do not create an entry with the GUIDLOC! field. The meaning of the LONGITUDE, LATITUDE, and ALTITUDE
attributes is self-explanatory. Longitude and latitude need to be passed in WGS84 data format. Altitude should be passed in meters above sea level and are set
to zero if unknown.
The SRCID attribute is an identifier for the program that determines the geographical data. The SRCID value is passed in the XINFO structure and can simply be
copied to your result.
The SRCTSTMP attribute holds a timestamp reflecting the time and date of data determination (this is not the date of geo-coding a specified address). A timestamp
always contains the time and date in the UTC time zone. The format of a timestamp is YYYYMMDDHHMMSS:
YYYY
Year
MM
Month
DD
Day
HH
Hour
MM
Minute
SS
Second
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An example for a valid timestamp is 20001224121314, which is December 24th, 2000, 12:13:14, UTC time zone.
The PRECISID attribute describes how precisely a geographical location has been determined. The following values have been defined in the D_GEOPRECIS
domain.
0000
0100
World
0200
Continent
0300
Country
0400
Region
0500
Borough
0600
Zip code
0700
Town
0800
District
0900
Center of street
1000
1100
1200
1300
The TZONE attribute describes the time zone in which the geographical location is located. The SAP table TTZZ lists the valid time zones. We need to determine
the time zone here because mapping from address to time zone is much easier than mapping a geographical location to time zone. You may use the
tzon_location_timezone function to determine the time zone for a given country or country + region. Determining the time zone is only difficult for bigger countries
with multiple time zones, like the US or Russia. If you do not use our framework, but start to implement an RFC server (using SAP's
CL_GEOCODER_GENERIC_RFC class for calling the geocoder via RFC), we additionally pass the time zone of the country used in the given addresses. This
makes it easier to develop geo-coding programs for countries that do not have different time zones. If you develop a geo-coding program for countries with multiple
time zones, you should ignore the given time zone.
!--a11y-->
Prerequisites
For more information about the data types passed via the ABAP IF_GEOCODING_TOOL interface, see Data Types of the ABAP interface.
Features
The data types of the RFC interface are as follows:
importing
exporting
changing
addresses
type
aes_rfc_addr_table
xinfo
type
xinfo
time_zone
type
timezone
results
type
geocd_res_table
choice
type
geocd_choice_rfc_table
relevant_fields
type
geocd_addr_relfields_sortedtab
messages
type
aes_msg_table
containers
type
aesc_sortedtable.
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!--a11y-->
1.3 Product
Definition
A product is a tangible good or a service. It is the subject of business activity and is taken into account in the planning of the value chain.
Structure
Starting from the Product Master: Initial Screen , you can maintain both global and local product master data, set planning versions, assign models, and carry out
mass maintenance for products and penalty costs.
For more information, see:
Global Product Master Data
Location-Specific Product Master Data
For information enabling you to set up the product master data maintenance display on a user-specific basis by suppressing individual tab pages, see UserSpecific Display Profiles for Master Data Maintenance.
For information on logging changes for product master data, see Change Logging for Master Data.
For information on the where-used list for product master data, see Where-Used List for Master Data.
!--a11y-->
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!--a11y-->
Procedure
The following fields are available on the Properties tab page:
Field
Use
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Material Group
EAN/UPC
If you set this indicator, you specify that a European Article Number (EAN) exists for this
product. In the United States, the equivalent of the EAN is the Universal Product Code
(UPC).
Product Hierarchy
Country of Origin
Transportation Group
Products that can be combined in groups, because they have the same transportation
requirements.
If you set this indicator, you specify that the product is managed in batches.
Gross Weight
Volume
Cubic space occupied by the product expressed in a unit of volume. The unit of volume
must be specified.
The volume and its unit always relate to the base unit of measure.
Stacking Factor
Specifies whether and how often a pallet with this product can be stacked.
SDP Relevance
If you set this indicator, you specify that the product is relevant to Supply and Demand
Planning (SDP).
Additional Data
Additional fields are fields that are not available in the standard system and which you
must first release in Customizing. To do so, in Customizing, choose Advanced Planner
and Optimizer (APO) Master Data Maintain Freely-Definable Attributes .
If you choose this radio button, the specified use-by/expiration date is interpreted as the
final expiration date (maximum product shelf life).
If you choose this radio button, the specified use-by/expiration date is interpreted as the
best-before date (minimum product shelf life).
Overall period for which the product can be kept and/or used.
Specifies whether the system is to take both the maturity and shelf life of product receipts
and the shelf-life demanded in requirements into account in the planning of this product.
Maturation Time
Period that a product needs after production before it can be used for further production or
by a customer.
Rounding Rule
1.
!--a11y-->
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
In this screen, you can display, create, or change products. You can also delete products from here, or assign them to a different model.
Enter a product number. Then choose:
Display
, to view an existing product.
Change
, to modify an existing product.
Create,
to maintain a new product.
3. Choose Enter . The screen for the selected product appears.
4. Enter the relevant data in the fields.
The following fields are provided on the Units of meas. tab page:
Units of measure
Use to Define...
Denominator
the denominator of the quotient that indicates the relationship between the
alternative unit of measure (AUn) and the base unit of measure (BUn)
Numerator
the counter of the quotient that indicates the relationship between the alternative
unit of measure and the base unit of measure
AUn
the unit of measure that can be used as an alternative to the base unit of
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measure
BUn
EAN/UPC code
!--a11y-->
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
In this screen, you can display, create, or change products. You can also delete products from here, or assign them to a different model.
Enter a product number. Then choose:
Display
, to view an existing product.
Change
, to modify an existing product.
Create,
to maintain a new product.
3. Choose Enter . The screen for the selected product appears.
4. Enter the relevant data in the fields.
The following fields are provided on the Classification tab page:
Classification
Use to Define...
Reference product
Class
a product class
!--a11y-->
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
In this screen, you can display, create, or change products and location products. You can also delete products for locations products from here, or assign
them to a different model.
Enter a product number or (for a location product) a product number and location number. Then choose:
Display
, to view an existing product/location product.
Change
, to modify an existing product/location product.
Create,
to maintain a new product/location product.
3. Choose Enter . The screen for the selected product/location product appears.
4. Enter the relevant data in the fields.
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Use to Define...
The following fields are dependent/independent of the location and are based on
Customer demand
Demand forecast
Demand forecasts that require correction
Penalty for ND
the daily penalty rate for nondelivery of the required product quantities
Delay penalty
the daily penalty rate that is used by the Optimizer to weight the delivery delay
of a product above and beyond the planned delivery date
Maximum delay
!--a11y-->
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product .
The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
On this screen, you can display, create, or change products and location products. You can also delete products or location products or assign them to a
model from here.
Enter either a product number only, or (if a location product is involved) a product number plus a location number. Choose:
Display
, to view an existing product/location product.
Change
, to change an already created product/location product.
Create,
to create a new product/location product.
3. Choose Continue .
The screen for the selected product/location product appears.
4. Enter the necessary data.
5. When you have finished entering your data, choose Save.
!--a11y-->
Use
Product groups are used in various processes, such as those in Service Parts Planning (SPP) . When defining product groups, you can also maintain
transportation lanes for product groups instead of for individual products, for example. For more information on maintaining transportation lanes for product groups,
see
To assign a product to an existing product group, choose Properties 2 in product master maintenance.
To assign a large number of products to an existing product group at one time, you can use the mass maintenance function. Here, the following cases exist:
You want to assign products for which an entry for a product group type already exists. To select these products, enter the following values:
Component
Product groups
Attribute
Product group
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Value
Name of product group
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The system selects all products that are assigned to this product group. You can now also assign them to another product group, for example.
You want to assign products for which no entry for a product group type yet exists. To choose these products, enter the following values:
Component
Attribute
Value
Product groups
Product group
Initial
Product groups
The system selects all products fort this product group type that have not yet been assigned to a product group. You can now assign them to a product group.
Structure
Product groups consist of a product group type and a value assigned to this product group type.
Example
You want to group products according to size. For this purpose, you have defined a product group type Size . You assign the values small, medium, and large
to this product group type.
!--a11y-->
Use
You assign alternative product numbers to a product on the Properties 2 tab page in the products master record. Alternative product numbers are always
assigned to a type(APN type), which is defined in Customizing for the product master under Product Maintain 1.3.1.8 Alternative Product Number Type .
Alternative product numbers facilitate a more flexible search for a product, since you can conduct the search via not just one but several product numbers. To
search for an alternative product number, invoke the input help for the Product field on the initial screen of the product master and choose the Search with
Alternative Product Numbers tab page .
You can assign multipe alternative product numbers. The system does not perform a check of uniqueness.
Structure
Alternative product numbers comprise an APN type and an assigned value.
Integration
Alternative product numbers are not integrated with the ERP system via the APO Core Interface (CIF).
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Prerequisites
Your system administrator must maintain unique identifiers for valid planners. Only these planners can be assigned to a location product in master data
administration. To assign planners, in Customizing for SAP Advanced Planning and Optimization (SAP APO), choose Supply Chain Planning Specify
Person Responsible (Planner).
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product. The Product Master initial screen appears.
Enter a product name.
Choose Location .
Choose a location.
To apply the specifications in the predefined profiles, enter the profile name for each of the following:
Lot size profile
Demand profile
SNP demand profile
SNP supply profile
Deployment profile
The relevant fields in the product master are populated with the data specified in the profiles you selected. If you modify this data, the product master cannot
be maintained globally via the profiles. Create and maintain master data profiles in Customizing. In Customizing for SAP APO Supply Chain Planning,
choose Supply Network Planning Profiles .
Choose Create . The Create Product for Location screen appears.
On this screen, you can see both the tab pages for global product master data (see also Maintaining Global Product Master Data) and those for location
product master data (described in the following).
Enter the unit of measure in which the product is measured. The system converts all the quantities you enter in alternative units of measure into the
corresponding quantities in the base unit of measure.
Enter the relevant data on the tab pages. Depending on how the master data is used, the following tab pages are now available:
Administration
ATP - both global and location-specific product master data
SNP 1 - both global and location-specific product master data
SNP 2
Requirements
Lot Size
PP/DS
Procurement
GR/GI
Additional
SPP Inventory Planning
SPP DRP
SPP Deployment
SPP Inventory Balancing/Inventory Surplus
Except for the SNP1 and ATP tab pages, which contain both global and location-specific data, these tabs contain location-specific product master data.
Unlike the global product view, the location product view also shows the tab pages containing the global product master data.
Save the entries.
More information on the maintenance of application-specific master data is available in the documentation for the relevant application. This applies, in particular, to
the following applications:
Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling (PP/DS)
Master Data Maintenance
Integration documentation:
Demand Planning:
Lifecycle Planning
Like Profile.
Supply Network Planning
Master Data Setup
ATP
Creating Product Allocation Procedures
Creating Sequences of Product Allocation Procedures
Maintaining Check Modes
Product Availability Check Using the Checking Horizon
Maintaining ATP Groups
Service Parts Planning (SPP)
For more information, refer to the SAP Library under Advanced Planning and Optimization Service Parts Planning (SPP) .
!--a11y-->
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Prerequisites
The fields on the Administr . tab page are fields that must be released in Customizing before they become available. In Customizing, choose Advanced Planner
and Optimizer (APO) Master Data Maintain Freely-Definable Attributes .
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
In this screen, you can display, create, or change location products. You can also delete location products from here, or assign them to a different model.
Enter the product number and a location number for a location product. Then choose:
Display
, to view an existing location product.
Change
, to modify an existing location product.
Create,
to maintain a new location product.
3. Choose Enter . The screen for the selected product appears.
4. Enter the relevant data in the fields.
The following fields are provided on the Administr. tab page:
Administration
Use to Define...
Production planner
SNP planner
Demand planner
Transportation planner
!--a11y-->
Prerequisites
The fields on the Addit . tab page are fields that must be released in Customizing before they become available. To do this, choose Advanced Planner and
Optimizer Master Data Maintain Freely-Definable Attributes.
Procedure
1. In the SAP menu choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data
The Product Master: Initial Screen is displayed.
Product .
2. In this screen, you can display, create, or change location products. Enter a product and location number and choose
Create.
The screen for the selected product is displayed.
Display ,
You can also flag location products for deletion or assign them to a model. To do this, choose Product Flag for Deletion or
3. Choose the Demand tab page.
The Requirements Strategy , Pegging and Available Stock tab pages are now visible.
Enter the necessary data.
Change or
( Assign Model ).
Requirement Strategy
Fields/Area
Use to define...
Proposed Strategy
How quantities forecasted in APO Demand Planning are produced and how the demand
forecast is consumed with sales orders
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Dependent Requirements
Always Coll. Requirement
Consumption
Consumption Mode
Consumption Period
Assembly Planning
Whether the system performs forecast consumption for the product's dependent demand
or transportation requirements when the dependent demand or transportation
requirements change
Pegging
Fields/Area
Use to define...
Dynamic Pegging
Pegging Strategy
The maximum time interval that could occur between an issue and a receipt element,
allowing the system to still set a pegging edge and thus create a pegging relationship
between the two in spite of the time interval
The maximum duration for which a receipt element may exist before an issue element,
so that the system can still create a pegging relationship between both elements
How far ahead an alert will be triggered if the date of a receipt element is before that of an
issue element and there is a pegging relationship between them
You also use the alert thresholds to define that early or late receipts are taken into
account to cover requirements or in the days' supply calculation.
See
How far ahead an alert will be triggered if the date of a receipt element is after that of an
issue element and there is a pegging relationship between them
The maximum permitted shortage or surplus of the individual product tolerance in the
requirement element as a percentage.
The amount, as a percentage, that specifies the amount by which the supply quantity
may fall below the order quantity
Overdelivery Tolerance
The amount, as a percentage, that specifies the amount by which an order quantity may
be exceeded
Use Quantity
Use total order quantity (Use Total Receipts)
Available Stocks
Fields/Area
Use to define...
!--a11y-->
Prerequisites
The fields on the Addit . tab page are fields that must be released in Customizing before they become available. In Customizing, choose Advanced Planner and
Optimizer (APO) Master Data Maintain Freely-Definable Attributes .
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Procedure
1. From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen is displayed.
2. Enter a product and a location.
Choose Display, Change or Create.
3. The screen for the selected product is displayed.
4. Choose the Lot Size tab page.
The Procedure and Quantity and Date Determination tab pages are displayed.
Enter the necessary data.
Procedure
Fields/Area
Use to define...
Lot-Size Unit
Procedure
Lot-for-Lot
That a fixed lot size is to be used in production planning calculations. It also specifies the
quantity that is to be ordered or produced if the available product quantity is not sufficient
By Period
That a period lot-sizing procedure is to be used with the associated period type (day,
week, and so on)
Reorder Point
That a reorder point procedure is to be used, with the corresponding type of procedure
The number days for which the current stock and the planned receipts of a material
should last to cover the demand that exists at the time of planning
Planning Calendar
Number of Periods
TrgtStklLvl Method
The target stocks level is a value representing the available stock level that should be
reached through planning.
Scrap (as a percentage) that arises during production of the material (if the material is an
assembly)
Rounding Value
Rounding Profile
The key used by the system to adjust the order proposal quantity to deliverable units
The number days for which the current stock and the planned receipts of a material
should last to cover the demand that exists at the time of planning
Date Determination
Safety Days' Supply
The number days for which the current stock and the planned receipts of a material
should last to cover the demand that exists at the time of planning
The indicator for determining the availability date. You can choose between requirements
date = availability date and the availability date from the period factor
Period Factor
At what point the time in a defined period the system is to create the availability dates of
receipt elements. This field only applies to period lot-sizing procedures
Stock Data
Safety Stock
The quantity that is to satisfy an unexpectedly high demand in the coverage period
Reorder Point
The quantity that is to satisfy an unexpectedly high demand in the coverage period
The quantity that is to satisfy an unexpectedly high demand in the coverage period
Stock
SS method
A percentage value that specifies the proportion of the requirements that is to be covered
by the warehouse stock
Percentage depicting the mean deviation relationship between the forecast demand and
the actual demand at demand forecast level. The lower the percentage, the more accurate
the forecast is.
Percentage depicting the mean deviation relationship between the replenishment lead
time (RLT) that was forecast and the real RLT at RLT forecast level. The lower the
percentage, the smaller the deviation between the forecast and the actual RLT.
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!--a11y-->
Prerequisites
The fields on the Addit . tab page are fields that must be released in Customizing before they become available. In Customizing, choose Advanced Planner and
Optimizer (APO) Master Data Maintain Freely-Definable Attributes .
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
In this screen, you can display, create, or change location products. You can also delete location products from here, or assign them to a different model.
Enter the product number and a location number for a location product. Then choose:
Display
, to view an existing location product.
Change
, to modify an existing location product.
Create,
to maintain a new location product.
3. Choose Enter . The screen for the selected product appears.
4. Enter the relevant data in the fields.
The following fields are provided on the SNP 2 tab page:
SNP2
Use to Define...
Demand profile
Forecast horizon
a horizon in calendar days in which the forecast is not regarded as part of the
overall demand
the number of days in which the distribution demand is taken into account for
calculating deployment
Period split
how the planning data is disaggregated by time when you release the demand
plan from Demand Planning to Supply Network Planning
Like the target days supply, which refers to the total demand without VMI
promotions, and is specified in the lot size profile, this lead time refers to the
number of days required to satisfy demand, specifically for VMI customer
promotions prior to their due date
how the system calculates supply, that is, key figures such as production and
distribution receipts
Production horizon
where Supply Network Planning stops and Production Planning & Detailed
Scheduling (PP/DS) begins
the number of days, beginning when the heuristic run is initiated, during which
the system does not plan transfers. The system does not generate planned
distribution receipts within this horizon but postpones them until the first day
after the stock transfer horizon
the quantity available for distribution in the future. Receipts beyond this horizon
are too insecure to confirm by deployment
the push horizon for deployment when using the safety stock
Firm production
Fix transports
Deployment profile
the logic that the system uses during deployment calculations to generate
distribution proposals
If demand exceeds supply, the system can use fair share logic to calculate
deployment on the available to deploy (ATD) quantity. These rules allow for
alternative methods of allocating a restricted supply of a product to the demand
sources
Push distribution
push rules are used in Supply Network Planning to calculate deployment when
the available to deploy (ATD) quantity covers demand
Customer product
the identifier for the purchase or purchaser group responsible for the purchasing
tasks associated with the VMI product
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Purchasing group
Priority
!--a11y-->
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
In this screen, you can display, create, or change location products. You can also delete location products from here, or assign them to a different model.
Enter the product number and a location number for a location product. Then choose:
Display
, to view an existing location product.
Change
, to modify an existing location product.
Create,
to maintain a new location product.
3. Choose Enter . The screen for the selected product appears.
4. Enter the relevant data in the fields.
The following fields are provided on the Procurement tab page:
Procurement
Use to Define...
Procurement type
the number of calendar days required to acquire the product or service via
external procurement
Cost function
Procurement costs
used by the heuristic and Optimizer to calculate how much it costs to store the
product in the associated storage resource (warehouse) per base unit of
measure
!--a11y-->
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
In this screen, you can display, create, or change location products. You can also delete location products from here, or assign them to a different model.
Enter the product number and a location number for a location product. Then choose:
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Display
, to view an existing location product.
Change
, to modify an existing location product.
Create,
to maintain a new location product.
3. Choose Enter . The screen for the selected product appears.
4. Enter the relevant data in the fields.
The following fields are provided on the GR/GI tab page:
Goods receipt/goods issue
Use to Define...
the time between the delivery or the production of a product and its availability
as stock
the time between issuing the product from storage and transporting it
Loading group
Quantity propagation
Comp.adjust.confirm
RemNetDrtnAdjustment
Synchronous posting GI
HandlCap consump. GR
how much handling resource capacity is used by the product for a particular
plan
HandlCap consump. GI
how much storage capacity is consumed by the product for a particular plan
GR costs
CostsGoodsIssue
Time in wareh./days
the average retention period (in days) of the location product in storage
Prerequisites
The fields on the Addit . tab page are fields that must be released in Customizing before they become available. In Customizing, choose Advanced Planner and
Optimizer (APO) Master Data Maintain Freely-Definable Attributes .
Procedure
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose SAP APO : Master Data Product . The Product Master: Initial Screen appears.
In this screen, you can display, create, or change location products. You can also delete location products from here, or assign them to a different model.
Enter the product number and a location number for a location product. Then choose:
Display
, to view an existing location product.
Change
, to modify an existing location product.
Create,
to maintain a new location product.
3. Choose Enter . The screen for the selected product appears.
4. On the Extra tab page, enter any additional information in the freely definable fields.
5. When you have entered the relevant data, choose Save.
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Use
The mass maintenance of products refers to location-specific product master data (location products). It is possible to edit several location products in one
operation, which prevents you having to maintain them individually.
Procedure
In the Product Master Initial Screen choose Mass Maintenance of Products . You can select the records for mass maintenance via the product and location
numbers.
Set the indicator Detailed display to view all selected records and to restrict them if necessary. You can also choose the maximum number of hits to be
displayed.
When you have entered the relevant data, choose Save.
For further information on location products, see
Location-Specific Product Master Data.
!--a11y-->
Procedure
In the Product Master Initial Screen choose Extras Mass Maintenance Product Penalty Costs . You can maintain the penalty costs for products and
location products.
Enter the product number and description. When maintaining location products, you can also select Location, Production Planner, SNP Planner, Demand
Planner , and Transport Planner .
Set the indicator Detail display to view the number of products selected and to restrict this further if necessary.
For further information on master data maintenance for products, see
Global Product Master Data.
!--a11y-->
Procedure
In the Product Master Initial Screen choose Extras Mass Maintenance: Location Product Penalty Costs . You can maintain the penalty costs for products
and location products.
Enter the product number and description. When maintaining location products, you can also select Location, Production Planner, SNP Planner, Demand
Planner , and Transport Planner .
Set the indicator Detail display to view the number of products selected and to restrict this further if necessary.
For further information on master data maintenance for products, see
Global Product Master Data.
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You can assign location-specific product master data to a planning version to carry out planning with version-specific data.
If this data is not set, the version- in dependent data is used for a planning version.
Prerequisites
You have assigned the location product to a model. Using the F4 Help, you can choose a planning version from a list of planning versions assigned to the model.
You must create a planning version and a location product before you can make this assignment.
Procedure
1.
2.
3.
4.
You are on the Product Master: Initial Screen . Enter a product number and choose a location number for the Location view.
Choose the Set Planning Version button.
In the subsequent Set Planning Version dialog box , use F4 help to select a planning version.
Confirm the assignment with Enter. The Set Planning Version dialog box is closed and the selected planning version number is displayed in the Planning
Version field on the Product Master: Initial Screen .
5. Choose Create or Change . The Change Product for Location Version Specific screen then appears. This screen contains all the tab pages for
maintaining product master data and location product master data. You can now maintain version-specific data in all the active fields.
6. Maintain the relevant data on the tab pages for the set planning version. This data is specific location product data for a planning version.
7. Choose Save .
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Prerequisites
You have set a planning version for a location product.
Procedure
You are in the Product Master: Initial Screen . Enter a product number and choose a location number for the Location view.
Choose the Delete planning version pushbutton.
In the subsequent Selection of Location Products with Planning Version screen, select the row containing the relevant planning version.
Confirm the assignment with Enter.
Result
The planning version assigned to the location product is deleted.
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Procedure
You are in the Product Master Initial Screen .
Use F4 help to select a product number and a location, then choose Assign model. The Assignment Location Product - Model appears.
Set the indicator for the model which is to be assigned to the location product.
Choose Save .
In the screen Assignment Location Product Model , it is possible to assign one or more models to a location product by setting the appropriate indicator. You
can also delete assignments in this screen by removing the indicator. When you have entered the relevant data, choose Save.
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Prerequisites
The general prerequisites for the deletion of master data apply.
You have eliminated any still-existent dependencies involving this product. Dependent objects can be orders for the product or inclusion in production process
models (PPMs), for example. To clarify existing dependencies, you can generate a where-used list for the product that is to be deleted.
For more information, refer to SAP Note 571031.
Procedure
On the Product Master Data: Initial screen, choose a product, then choose Product Flag for Deletion.
1. On the following screen, set the deletion flag for the product and choose Save .
You can remove the deletion flag by unsetting the indicator for the relevant product.
2. Choose Extras Delete Products, to finally delete one or more products that have been flagged for deletion. You can either perform the deletion
immediately or schedule it for a later point in time.
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Use
These fields do not appear as default and must be released in Customizing. In Customizing, choose Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO) Master Data
Maintain Freely-Definable Attributes .
For more information, see Displaying, Creating, and Changing a Location.
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Prerequisites
To set up the inheritance of product master attributes, you must extend the table structures of the attributes supplied by SAP. For more information, see Extending
Table Structures for Inheritance.
The attributes for which you set up the inheritance facility must be attributes of the location product master.
Features
Pass on values
In the standard system, the values of all attributes that are displayed in the maintenance transaction for inheritance can be passed on.
Display inherited values
Exclude attributes from inheritance
You can exclude individual attributes from inheritance by deselecting the relevant indicator in the product master menu under Edit Inheritance.
Activities
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Product Maintain Values for Inheritance .
Enter the location and planning version for whose location products you wish to pass on values.
Enter the values of the attributes you wish to pass on in the relevant fields.
Choose Pass on Values .
The system populates the attributes of the products with the corresponding values provided that you have not explicitly excluded them from inheritance.
You cannot subsequently change inherited values manually in the product master. To be able to change the values, you must exclude the
relevant attributes from inheritance.
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Procedure
1. Determine the location product fields for which you wish to use inheritance.
When choosing the fields, note that any inconsistencies arising through the passing on of the fields will not be picked up by consistency checks.
Such inconsistencies are liable to occur when quantity fields are passed on, for example.
2. Determine which of these fields belong to table /SAPAPO/MATLOC, which to table /SAPAPO/MATLSPP, and which belong to both tables.
3. Call up the table /SAPAPO/MLREFLOC.
4. Create append structures in the customer namespace for each of the following includes of this table supplied by SAP:
/SAPAPO/MLREF_I
/SAPAPO/MATLOC_R_I
/SAPAPO/MATL_SPP1_R_I
Extend just the include in each case, not under any circumstances the table.
Result
The system extends the selected fields in the tables /SAPAPO/MATLOC and /SAPAPO/MATLSPP by adding the inheritance indicator. Inheritance is now active
as standard for these fields. Values for these fields are used by the system as defaults in all products of location and planning version in question.
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Prerequisites
You have determined the fields you wish to use for inheritance.
Procedure
1. Invoke the include /SAPAPO/MLREF_I in table /SAPAPO/MLREFLOC by double-clicking.
2. Create an append structure for this include in the customer namespace.
Choose a name for the append structure in the customer namespace in which the structures are to be stored.
Copy the field names into the append structure under Component . Copy the corresponding data elements into the structure nder Component Type . The
system supplies the values for the remaining columns automatically.
3. Save your entries and activate the append structure.
Example
1. You want to set up the inheritance facility for the fields SCOST and MAXEOQ_POD. The field SCOST comes from the table /SAPAPO/MATLOC and the
field MAXEOQ_POD from the table /SAPAPO/MATLSPP.
2. You enter ZMLREF_APPEND as the name of the append structure.
3. You copy the fields and data elements into the append structure as follows:
Example of Append Structure
Component
Component Type
SCOST
/SAPAPO/SCOST
MAXEOQ_POD
/SAPAPO/ MAXEOQ_PERIOD
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Prerequisites
You have selected the fields you wish to use for inheritance.
Procedure
1. Invoke the include /SAPAPO/MATLOC_R_I in table /SAPAPO/MLREFLOC by double-clicking.
2. Create an append structure for this include.
Choose a unique name for the append structure in the customer namespace in which the structures are to be stored.
Copy the field names under Component . Under Component Type , specify the data element /SAPAPO/INH_FLAG for each field.
3. Save your entries and activate the append structure.
Result
The system creates the inheritance indicator for the selected fields in the product master.
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Example
1. You have selected the fields SCOST and MAXEQR_POD. The field SCOST comes from the table /SAPAPO/MATLOC.
2. You enter ZMATLOC_R_APPEND as the name the append structure.
3. You copy the field name SCOST under Component and the data element /SAPAPO/INH_FLAG under Component Type as specified below .
Append Structure
Component
Component Type
SCOST
/SAPAPO/INH_FLAG
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Prerequisites
You have selected the fields you wish to use for inheritance.
Procedure
1. Invoke the include /SAPAPO/MATL_SPP1_R_I in table /SAPAPO/MLREFLOC by double-clicking.
2. Create an append structure for this include.
Choose a unique name for the append structure in the customer namespace in which the structures are to be stored.
Copy the field names under Component . Under Component Type , assign the data element /SAPAPO/INH_FLAG to each field.
3. Save and activate your entries.
Result
The system creates the inheritance indicator for the selected fields in the table /SAPAPO/MATLSPP.
Example
You have selected the fields SCOST and MAXEQR_POD. The field MAXEQR_POD comes from the table /SAPAPO/MATLSPP.
You enter ZMATLOC_R_APPEND as the name of the append structure.
You copy the field name MAXEOQ_POD under Component and the data element /SAPAPO/INH_FLAG under Component Type.
Append Structure
Component
Component Type
MAXEQR_POD
/SAPAPO/INH_FLAG
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1.4 Resource
Definition
In the master data for resources, you define
Capacities of plant, machines, personnel, means of transport, warehouses
Resource-specific planning parameters for Supply Network Planning (SNP), Capable-to-Match (CTM) and Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling
(PP/DS)
Resource data is relevant to the planning of order dates taking working times and the available capacities of the resources into account.
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The following table shows in which planning components the most important resource types are used:
Resource Type
Planning Component
PP/DS
SNP
CTM
Single-Activity Resource
Multi-activity resource
Single-Mixed Resources
Multimixed Resources
Bucket Resources
Use
Use in Routing
In SAP APO, the system saves routing data of a production data structure (PDS) or a production process model. The resource at which the activity is carried out,
is assigned to each activity in a PDS or PPM in the relevant mode. You can also define alternative resources here. The system uses the resource data to
schedule the activities.
Relationship to Supply Chain Model and Planning Version
You create a resource independently of a particular supply chain model or planning version. You assign all planning-relevant resources to a model. The system
also automatically copies the resources to all the planning versions that exist in this model.
When you are creating a planning version for a supply chain model, the system creates a copy specific to the planning version for each resource that you have
assigned to the model. If you want to change the planning data for the resource subsequently, you have to adjust these changes in each planning-version-specific
copy of the resource where necessary. (See Planning-Version-Dependent and Planning-Version-Independent Master Data.)
Integration
You can copy work centers from SAP R/3 to SAP APO by means of the SAP APO Core Interface (CIF). The capacities of a work center in SAP R/3 are
mapped to resources in SAP APO.
For more information, see Integration of Resources.
You can create a where-used list for resources. For more information, see Where-Used List for Master Data.
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Integration
In the Customizing of the R/3 system, you can define which resource types are created when transferring work centers to SAP APO. In the R/3 system, choose
Integration with Other mySAP.com Components Advanced Planning and Optimization Application-Specific Settings and Enhancements Settings for
Resources Set the Transfer of Resources to SAP APO .
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Definition
Only one activity can be carried out at a time in a single-activity resource.
Several activities can be carried out at once in a multiactivity resource.
Use
You can carry out to-the-second planning for both resource types in Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling (PP/DS) and Capable-to-Match
Planning (CTM) to determine exact production dates. You can also define planning parameters that allow you to carry out a
the CTP process and in block planning.
Structure
Time-Continuous Capacity and PP/DS Bucket Capacity
Single and multiactivity resources have the following capacity categories:
Time-Continuous Capacity
The system can plan orders to the second using the time-continuous capacity. The system determines the available capacity of the time-continuous capacity
from the working time data.
PP/DS Bucket Capacity
The system uses the PP/DS bucket capacity to carry out a
bucket-oriented capacity check in the CTP process and in block planning. You can use this
procedure to check the capacity availability for incoming sales orders and reserve the required capacity.
The system determines the available capacity of the PP/DS bucket capacity from the productive time of the time-continuous capacities and the parameters
that you have defined on the PP/DS bucket capacity tab page. If you wish to use block planning with the bucket-oriented capacity check, then you must
define that the system uses the available capacity of the PP/DS bucket from block planning.
Working Time Data
The following working time data must be maintained for single-activity and multiactivity resources. This data is used by the system for scheduling activities:
Detailed working and break times
Rate of resource utilization
The rate of resource utilization is used to estimate the average periods when the resource is unavailable (due to technical and organizational failures) during
working times. The rate of resource utilization is defined as the percentage relationship between the productive time and the working time that remains once the
breaks have been subtracted.
The productive time of the resource is relevant for scheduling activities. It is calculated using the following working time data:
Productive time = (work end work start break duration) x rate of resource utilization / 100%
Productive time is the time that is actually available for carrying out an activity during working time. You should define the activity duration in the production
process model (PPM) for cases in which the resource is available without interruption and with 100% rate of resource utilization. During scheduling, the system
determines the actual duration of the activity. This is dependent on the productive time for the resource.
Capacity of Single-Activity Resources
A single-activity resource upon which only one activity can be executed at a time has a dimension-free capacity of one . For single-activity resources the
capacity value is fixed in the system. A single-activity resource can only have two different situations: Either it is loaded with an activity or it is not loaded at all. As
a result, only the working time data, in other words the time capacity is relevant for scheduling activities on such a resource.
Capacity of Multiactivity Resources
Multiactivity resources are used to map resources on which several activities can be carried out at a time. The maximum number of activities that can be
scheduled at the same time depends on the organizational or technical conditions for the resource. In order to model the multiple loading on the resource, you
define a multiactivity resource in addition to the working time data (time capacity), a capacity that reflects the technical and organizational requirements on the
resource:
If the multiactivity resource is, for example, a turnery with five lathes, you can schedule up to five parallel turning activities on the resource. The turnery has a
dimension-free capacity of five .
Another example of a multiactivity resource is a saw that can cut a slab/block up to three meters long into pieces. This block can also be formed from a
combination of several individual blocks of different lengths. These individual blocks can also come from different orders. You can schedule as many activities on
this resource at the same time as long as the total length of the individual blocks does not exceed three meters. The saw has the capacity three meters .
Each activity that is executed on the multiactivity resource consumes a certain proportion of this capacity. You can only schedule as many activities at the same
time as the available capacity allows for.
You define the resource consumption of an activity in the PPM. The resource consumption is the proportion of the multiactivity resource capacity that the activity
consumes.
Capacity Variants
Within a resource you can define various capacity variants with different working time data and capacities and select the variant of the resource to be used for
planning. See Capacity Variants for more information.
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Structure
Mixed resources also have a SNP bucket capacity in addition to time-continuous and PP/DS bucket capacity .
You can derive the SNP bucket capacities of mixed resources from the time-continuous capacity or define these separately. You define the parameters for this on
the SNP bucket capacity tab page.
When the system calculates the SNP bucket capacity from the time-continuous capacity, the system proceeds as follows:
A bucket capacity with the dimension time is determined for a single mixed resource and this is calculated by multiplying the working time by the loss
factor.
In this case, you cannot assign a dimension or unit of measure to the time-continuous capacity of a multimixed resource. The SNP bucket capacity is
calculated from the time-continuous capacity with the dimension time according to the following formula:
(Resource working time) x (time-continuous capacity) x (loss factor).
You use the loss factor to balance out the fact that neither sequence-dependent setup activities nor relationships are taken into consideration in SNP.
If the SNP bucket capacity is determined from the time-continuous capacity, you cannot define any costs. If you define the SNP bucket capacity
directly, you can define costs in the capacity variant using the definition of the quantity or rate.
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Structure
Capacity Variants
Within a resource you can define various capacity variants with different capacities and select the variant of the resource to be used for planning. See Capacity
Variants for more information.
Planning Parameters
You can define planning parameters in a resource in addition to those for working time data and capacity. These are taken into account when operations and
orders are scheduled for the resource. For more information, see SNP Bucket Capacity .
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The container resource is not characterized by a separate resource type. Instead, it is a resource with additional storage characteristics (container
resource).
Use
A container resource is used in production for intermediate storage of different products. It may, however, only contain one product at a defined time. Several
activities may fill or empty products. From the point of view of planning, the container is a resource that is occupied for a certain period of time with a defined
product quantity. Along with production capacity, the container resource also has storage capacity.
The container characteristics are defined using the fill level description. The fill level is characterized by the minimum production quantity , the maximum stock
level and the remaining quantity allowed .
A container resource has a time dimension and a capacity dimension. The capacity dimension is not the fill level. Their units and values allow you
to distinguish between them.
Example
The following examples show the storage and assignments of container resources that are used in different ways.
Example 1
A container resource is first used for production, and then the product is filled from the resource at different times or all at once. The container must always be
completely emptied before it is used again.
Example 2
A container resource is used for intermediate storage. The product is filled into or emptied from the container resource at different times. The container must not be
completely emptied before being filled with another product.
Structure
The container resource is defined as follows:
You want to carry out a reaction in a container resource. For a complete conversion, the products used must be stirred. In order for the mixer blade
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to be located within the product mixture, the container must be filled with the minimum production quantity .
You want to display a container, which always has to be completely emptied before a new product can be filled in it again. In this case, you must
set the remaining quantity allowed to zero.
Integration
Fill Level
The material quantity in the container resource can be visually represented in the DS planning board. To do this, the profile of the DS planning board must be
adjusted accordingly.
Alerts
Violations to the storage characteristics of container resources can be displayed in the Alert Monitor . This is only possible if the Alert Monitor profile is defined
accordingly.
The following alerts can be displayed:
Stock < 0
The quantity of the product in the container resource is below zero.
Minimum Production Quantity Not Reached
The quantity of a product that was filled into the container is not enough. This alert is only triggered if the stock level is below the minimum production quantity
after the product has been filled into the container resource. No alert is triggered when the product is removed, even if the stock level in the container is below the
minimum production quantity .
Maximum Quantity Exceeded
The stock level in the resource is above the quantity defined as the maximum stock level .
Filling Violates Remaining Quantity Allowed
A product receipt takes place, even though the stock in the container exceeds the remaining quantity allowed.
Invalid Mixing
Different products were filled into a container resource.
The following graphic shows all of the alerts that can be displayed for a container resource.
Product Flow
The product flow is assigned in the production process model (PPM). The product flow describes whether a product is removed from or filled into a container
resource using an activity, as well as the time this occurs. The product flow is an additional dimension of a container resource.
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Use
Storage characteristics are maintained on the Storage characteristics tab on the Change Resources: Header Data - Model-Independent screen. The tab is only
available for multi-activity and multi-mixed resources if the Storage character . indicator has been set on the General Data tab.
You can choose from the following data:
Storage Characteristics
Use to define...
Storage dimension
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You have already entered the general data and standard capacity for the
Procedure
1. On the General Data tab, choose the Storage Character. indicator. The system automatically branches to the Storage characteristics tab.
The characteristics of a resource may be dependent on the planning version. For resources with storage characteristics, you must set the Storage character.
indicator for both the model and all the associated versions. In the definition of the product flow in the PPM, container resources into which the product is filled
or from which the product is removed are assigned. A PPM is not version specific.
2. Enter the storage dimension and stock unit .
3. Define the fill level descriptions, such as the minimum production quantity , maximum stock level , and the remaining quantity allowed .
The maximum stock level is the maximum quantity of the product that can be stored in the container.
The minimum production quantity is the minimum quantity of the product that must be stored in a container.
The remaining quantity allowed is the quantity of a product up to which a further product can be added to the container.
You want to display a container, which always has to be emptied completely before products can be filled in it again. You do this by setting the remaining
quantity allowed to zero.
4. Save your entries.
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takt-based scheduling, such as in model mix planning. The line resource determines the working times and the
rates of the line. A line resource is generated in SAP APO for each line you create in the DI system using the
Use
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In SAP APO, you define an available capacity and the rates for the line resource.
The line resource determines the operating time capacity of the line.
The line resource determines the base rate and the production rates of the line for takt-based scheduling. For production rates, you can enter rates with different
validity periods in one rate model. You then assign the rate model to one or more line resources in a capacity variant.
In the line resource, you can also choose whether you want to connect the base rate for takt-based scheduling (rate-independent takt time).
If you want to produce specific materials with different rates, you can create product-dependent rates.
This data is the basis for production planning in SAP APO. See also: Defining Line Resource Data Relevant for Scheduling
Integration
When iPPE data is transferred from a DI system into SAP APO, the line resource is automatically generated from the line node. SAP APO adopts the name
you specified in the basic data for the line in the Line Resource field, as well as the plant that you also specified in the basic data.
In SAP APO, you complete the line resource with data that is relevant to planning, such as the shift sequence, the production rates, or the product-dependent
rates.
SAP APO generates an order activity with a start date/time and end date/time for each line resource on which an order is scheduled.
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The capacity of a calendar resource is not taken into consideration during scheduling of activities, so it cannot be scheduled
You cannot define a capacity profile for a calendar resource.
finitely.
Use
In the following cases, you define a resource as a calendar resource.
You only want to take the resource calendar into consideration.
There are a lot of activities on the resource simultaneously; for example, on a handling resource for scheduling the goods receipt processing time. If you use
another resource type, the system has to take the capacity into account when scheduling these activities, which may lead to performance problems.
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Use
The transportation resource is used in the same way as the bucket resource. It differs from the bucket resource in the scheduling of requirements on the resource.
For more details on the use of this resource, refer to the documentation APO Supply Network Planning .
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Use
You use vehicle resources as planning objects in TP/ VS. Vehicle resources map the capacity and availability of vehicles that you want to use for transportation.
You cannot define the available capacity for this resource type dependent on time.
However, you can define a time-dependent availability using shift sequences.
You can choose up to eight dimensions and units of measurement to describe the capacity ( Weight and Volume are predefined by default). Only
if these correspond to the dimensions and units of measurement that you have defined in a
Integration
To be able to define vehicle resources, you must have defined means of transport and transportation modes. The following figure represents the relationship
between vehicle resources, means of transport, and transportation modes.
The vehicle resource is a concrete means of transport, for example, the ship Santa Maria. Means of transport are classes of vehicle resources, for example
container ship or cargo ship. You assign a means of transport to each vehicle resource. The transportation mode specifies how the goods are transported, for
example, as a sea shipment. You assign transportation modes to means of transport.
You define modes of transportation in Customizing. They must agree with the modes of transport that you have defined in the ERP system.
Schedule Vehicles
In TP/VS you can plan with schedule vehicles, in other words, vehicle resources with a schedule. To do this, you must set the Schedule indicator for the
means of transport that you want to assign to the vehicle resource. You can then assign this vehicle resource to a schedule. For more information about schedules,
see Definition of Schedules.
Only if you have assigned a means of transport suitable for schedules to a vehicle resource after creating a shipment, can this vehicle resource
also be used for other shipments for the duration of the transportation.
The optimizer does not take into account as a constraint opening times at the locations that the schedule vehicle visits.
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After the transfer, you check the data adopted in the resources. If you are not managing the capacity data in the R/3 system and are working with multiple
shifts, you must manually maintain the data necessary to determine the available capacity in SAP APO (such as breaks and shifts). See also: Defining
Data for Multiple-Shift Operations
You can manage all capacity data in the R/3 system. You transfer the work centers to SAP APO. SAP APO uses external capacity when planning the
capacity data from the R/3 system.
You cannot create certain resource types in the R/3 system. You must create and change these resources manually in SAP APO
Prerequisites
You have defined a factory calendar containing workdays and non-workdays in Customizing for Master Data .
If you want to use the functions
resources, or
Synchronize Activities on Multiresources, you must have defined setup matrixes that you assign to the resources.
Features
Logging Resource Changes
Planning-relevant changes to a resource are recorded in the planning log. In the planning log, the system lists all resources whose changes affect the liveCache
(such as changes in available capacity or changes in the planning indicator). Both the resources themselves and changed orders are logged.
1. From the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Reporting Logs Display Logs.
2. Choose Resource as the application.
3. Choose Execute .
4. You get an overview of all resources that have been changed by the specified user.
If orders are also affected by the changes, this is shown in a separate line.
You can also invoke the log from the initial screen for resource mainentance via Tools Planning Log .
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Prerequisites
You can only transfer capacities that are assigned to a work center (or, for the process industry, to a resource) in SAP R/3. The Basic Data , Scheduling ,
and Capacity views must be defined in the master data of the work center and the work center must be contained in an active integration model.
You have checked the IMG activity for transferring resources. You can find this IMG activity in the R/3 Implementation Guide under Integration With Other
mySAP.com Components Advanced Planning and Optimization Application-Specific Settings and Enhancements Settings for Resources
Set the Transfer of Resources to SAP APO.
Features
SAP APO CIF creates a resource in SAP APO for each capacity. In SAP R/3, you can define parameters (such as the resource category ), which are not
available in SAP R/3 but which are required in SAP APO. You can also include them in the first capacity transfer. However, this is only possible when using a
Plug-In from 2003.1 in combination with SCM 4.0 or higher.
When the data is transferred, SAP APO CIF creates the resources in the database in SAP APO immediately (synchronously) but at a later point
in time in SAP liveCache (asynchronously). If a large number of resources are transferred at the same time, a resource might be displayed in
SAP APO that is not yet available for planning (for the creation of orders) because it does not yet exist in SAP liveCache .
The following parameters are converted into parameters specific to SAP APO:
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The personnel pool capacity POOL1 (capacity category 002) and the machine capacity (capacity category 001) of work center AP1 in plant
WERK1 in the SAP R/3 system xxxCLNTxxx are created in SAP APO as the resources POOL1_WERK1_003@xxxCLNTxxx and
WAP1_WERK1_001@xxxCLNTxxx.
As location, the location is used that corresponds to the plant in SAP R/3 (for example, plant 0001 in SAP R/3 corresponds to SAP APO location
PL0001@xxxCLNTxxx).
You can define the resource type that is assigned when transferring the resource in the IMG activity Set the Transfer of Resources to SAP APO in the R/3
system. You can choose between the following resource types:
Line resources
You cannot create bucket, vehicle, and transportation resources in SAP APO through a transfer.
As standard, a pool capacity with several individual capacities, or one capacity that can be used by several operations , is mapped to a multiactivity
resource. Individual capacities without this indicator are mapped to single-activity resources. You cannot change the resource category in SAP APO.
If the capacity in SAP R/3 is relevant to finite scheduling , the resource is
finite in SAP APO, meaning that it can only be scheduled up to 100% utilization.
Information about which factory calendar is valid for the resource is taken from SAP R/3. You have to create the factory calendar manually in SAP APO or
by using a Customizing transport.
Intervals
Versions
Hierarchies
Definitions (shifts, break patterns, shift sequences)
You can choose if you want to manage the relevant data for determining the available capacity for each resource in SAP R/3 or in SAP APO. If
you want SAP APO to determine the resource capacity from SAP R/3, use the
external capacity for this resource.
Scheduling formulas are only taken into account during the transfer of a production process model (PPM) to determine the duration of activities.
The capacity category is also only taken into account when the PPM and PDS is generated. Capacity relevant to scheduling is assigned to the modes of the
associated activities as a primary resource. All other capacities are assigned as secondary resources.
Change Transfer
The system automatically transfer the CIF changes to the header data of the resources. In the IMG activity Define Settings for Resources in the R/3 system, you
define the resource copies for which the CIF changes are effective in SAP APO. You can choose between the following:
Planning-version-independent resource
Planning-version-independent copy of the resource, and the copy of the resource assigned to planning version 000
Planning-version-independent copy of the resource, and all copies of the resource assigned to a planning version of model 000
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General Data
Time-Continuous Capacity
PP/DS Bucket Capacity
SNP Bucket Capacity
External Capacity
Downtimes
Block Planning
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Features
Basic Data
Resource category
Time zone
Location
Planner
Capacity
Parameter
Meaning
Resource Types
Factory calendar
Active variant
Reference resource
The reference resource determines the available capacity if All resource types
you are not working with the active variant or the external
capacity.
Planning Parameters
Planning Parameters
Meaning
Resource Types
Days -/ Days +
Sort string
Bottleneck resource
Finite scheduling
Finiteness level
Storage characteristic
Only multiresources
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Use
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You specify the validity period of a resource in the master data on the General Data tab page in the Days +/ Days fields. The specified number of days lie
before and after the date on which the resource was saved in the SAP liveCache . Depending on the resource type, the system generates a continuous available
capacity or SNP bucket capacity.
For performance reasons, you should only generate the available capacity for the time period for which you want to schedule the resource.
Integration
In the following cases, the system automatically updates the available capacity of a resource in SAP liveCache:
When you create the resource
When you change and save planning-relevant master data for the resource
When you manually save the resource using the liveCache check function on the initial screen for resource master data.
If the available capacity is not updated for a long time, the capacity available for scheduling in the future reduces as time progresses; the system does not
automatically delete the capacity in the past. Using the report /SAPAPO/CRES_CAPACITY_LENGTHEN, you can update the available capacity of resources
relative to the time at which the report is executed, without having to save them again.
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Integration
If you want to transfer work centers from the R/3 system to SAP APO, the APO system can adopt the standard available capacity from the R/3 system:
If you have already maintained APO data for the header data of the scheduling-relevant capacity of the work center, the system adopts the standard available
capacity that you specified.
If you have not maintained any APO data, then the system adopts the available capacity of the scheduling-relevant capacity type of the work center.
Features
Capacity
You must maintain the following data to define the standard available capacity of the time-continuous capacity:
Planning Parameters
The following parameters are provided for planning on time-continuous capacity (dependent on resource type):
Planning Parameters
Meaning
Setup Matrix
Resource Types
Single resources
Line Resource
The setup matrix must be assigned to both the planningversion-independent and the planning-version-dependent
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resource.
Synchronization Start
Time buffer
Single resources
Multiresources
Maximum overlap
Single resources
Multiresources
Line Resource
Campaign-relevant
Single resources
Multiresources
production campaigns.
Multiresources
Activities
Calculating the Productive Time
The system determines the productive time in hours from the parameters that you defined for the available capacity according to the following formula:
Productive time = (Working time in hours Break duration) x Rate of Capacity Utilization
If you have only defined these data, then the productive time corresponds to the standard available capacity of the resource.
Displaying the Available Capacity of the Time-Continuous Capacity
You can display the available capacity of the time-continuous capacity by choosing the Capacity function key. The system creates a list that displays the
available capacity in hours for each day. In the Standard column, you can see if the standard available capacity is used for planning (marked with the indicator
X).
If you have defined an active capacity variant, the system evaluates the shift sequence and calculates the available capacity.
If you have specified a reference resource, the system calculates the available capacity of the resource from the reference resource data.
See also: Determining the Valid Capacity
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Integration
You can also maintain the parameters for the PP/DS bucket capacity in the R/3 system for the APO data of the scheduling-relevant capacity for the work center.
You then transfer the work center to the SAP APO system using the APO Core Interface .
Prerequisites
You can only create the parameters for the PP/DS bucket capacity for the following resource types:
Single-Activity Resource
Single-Mixed Resources
Multi-activity resource (no dimensions)
Multimixed Resources (no dimensions)
You have set the Finite Planning indicator on the General Data tab page.
You have define the parameters for the time-continuous capacity.
Features
You create PP/DS buckets by defining the parameters for the PP/DS bucket capacity on the PP/DS Bucket Cap. tab page for the resource and then saving
your entries.
Bucket Definition
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For the CTP check, choose the setting From Time-Continuous Capacity in the Bucket Definition field. The system derives the available capacity of the PP/DS
bucket from the available capacity of the time-continuous capacity of the resource.
For block planning, choose the setting From Block Planning in the Bucket Definition field. The system derives the available capacity of the PP/DS bucket from
the available capacity of the blocks. As long as you have not defined any blocks, the system will continue to derive the available capacity from the timecontinuous available capacity.
Bucket Schema
You can define the size and start time of a PP/DS bucket in the Bucket Schema field. The scope of a bucket is determined by the period that you define. If, for
example, you define the bucket scheme Day, then the available capacity of a bucket is one day. If, for example, you define Week, then the available bucket
capacity is one week. The individual buckets always have the same duration.
If you require user-defined periods, then you can change the predefined periods using BAdI /SAPAPO/CRESBUCKET.
For example, enter the period Day in resource maintenance. The duration of the bucket is then one day. You can use the BAdI to change the
predefined bucket by combining two days for a bucket, for example.
A suitable bucket size depends on the following factors:
Average order size
The bucket duration should be long enough for an operation of a large planned order to be produced within a bucket. Alternatively, you can define settings for
the maximum lot size in the product master that allow all operations to be produced within a bucket.
Required information quality
The quality of information is inversely proportional to the bucket size. This means that the quality of information becomes worse when the bucket duration
increases. For example, the quality of information is very bad if a sales order with a processing duration of one day is contained in a bucket with a duration of
one year.
Bucket Factor in %
The bucket fact is used to determine the relationship between the available capacity of the time-continuous capacity and the bucket capacity.
The bucket factor is used to determine the capacity reduction for the bucket capacity requirement of the sequence-dependent setup activity.
Finite Capacity
The Finite Capacity field determines if the bucket or the time-continuous capacity of a resource is scheduled finitely. The settings for the finite capacity in the
strategy profile override the settings for the resource.
Activities
The system calculates the available capacity of a PP/DS bucket based on the parameters you defined for the PP/DS bucket capacity according to the
following formulas:
Bucket capacity of single-activity resource = Productive time of resource x Bucket factor
Bucket capacity of multiactivity resource = Productive time of resource x Number of capacities x Bucket factor
You can display the available bucket capacity by choosing the Bucket Capacity function key. The system creates a list that displays the available capacity
for each bucket in hours.
You can check the PPM/PDS for the resource by choosing the Check Plans function key. The resource must be used as a primary resource in the
PPM/PDS and the Calendar Resource indicator must be set. After the PPM/PDS check has been carried out, the system outputs a list of plans in which
the resource is used as a secondary resource and/or for which the Calendar Resource indicator is not set.
Example
The maximum time-continuous available capacity for a resource is 22 hours per day. Enter 90% as the bucket factor . You have entered Day (Start: 00:00) as
the bucket schema . The system now calculates the available capacity of the PP/DS bucket according to the following formula:
Time-continuous available capacity per day x Bucket factor = 22h X 0.90 = 19.8 h
The available capacity of a PP/DS bucket is 19.8 hours.
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Features
SNP Available Bucket Capacity
You can determine the available bucket capacity of mixed resources and vehicle resources from the time-continuous capacity , specify a loss factor , or
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determine the capacity using certain parameters. You can only define the available bucket capacity for bucket resources using parameters.
You display the input fields of these capacity parameters by choosing the setting Maintain in the Bucket Definition field.
Dimensions in which the resource is planned (bucket-oriented), such as time.
Period type, such as day
Bucket capacity
Here you enter the number of days in the bucket, for example.
Rate of resource utilization
In the case of transportation resources, you specify the measurements or the volume of the resource.
Planning Parameters
Planning Parameters
Meaning
Overload (in %)
Resource Types
Single-Mixed Resources
Multimixed Resources
Bucket Resources
Transportation Resource
Single-Mixed Resources
Multimixed Resources
Bucket Resources
Transportation Resource
Planning on grid
Single-Mixed Resources
Multimixed Resources
Bucket Resources
Transportation Resource
Cross-period
activities
Single-Mixed Resources
Multimixed Resources
Bucket Resources
Transportation Resource
Cross-period
lot size
Single-Mixed Resources
Bucket Resources
Cross-period
You can display the available capacity of the SNP bucket capacity by choosing the Bucket Capacity function key. The system creates a list that displays
the available capacity for each bucket in hours.
You can display the source of the available capacity using the
function key.
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Integration
The capacity can only be specified in SAP R/3 without a dimension, so the external capacity of multiresources is also always without a dimension.
In the case of mixed resources, the system generates the SNP bucket share of the capacity from the external capacity, if you specify for the resource that the
bucket capacity is generated from the time-continuous capacity.
You define the usage for the external capacity in the Implementation Guide in the R/3 system under Integration with Other mySAP.com Components
Advanced Planning and Optimization Application-Specific Settings and Enhancements Settings for Resources Set the Transfer of Resources to
SAP APO . In the Use Ext. Capacity field, you can choose from the following options:
The available capacity is usually generated in SAP APO and not in SAP R/3.
The available capacity is generated using the capacity data in the R/3 system for all resources that were transferred from this R/3 system.
The available capacity is generated only for specific resources using the capacity data in the R/3 system.
If you choose this option, you must set the External Capacity indicator for the APO data in the capacity header of the work center. This determines that
system generates the capacity of the work center in the R/3 system.
You also define the time period for which the external capacity is generated in SAP R/3 in this IMG activity.
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Prerequisites
You have defined a capacity for a work center in SAP R/3 and transferred it to SAP APO by means of the SAP APO CIF.
Features
From the data in SAP R/3, an available capacity is generated in the database in SAP APO for each day within the validity period of a resource. The following
data is taken into consideration when the available capacity is generated in SAP R/3:
The APO Core Interface does not support any change transfers for shifts, shift sequences, and breaks that you change in the R/3 system. SAP APO adjusts
the available capacity of the resource to the data that was changed in the R/3 system. This means the available time is calculated again in SAP APO. SAP APO
automatically schedules all orders that are affected by the changes made to shifts or breaks, for example.
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1.4.2.2.6 Downtimes
Definition
In the master data, you can define downtimes, in which the resource is not available for finite scheduling, for all resources (except vehicle resources). A distinction
should be made between the following types of downtimes:
Planned downtime
Time in which the resource cannot be used due to maintenance, for example. A planned downtime can be changed, added or deleted in interactive planning,
for instance in the detailed scheduling planning board. If you copy the simulation version into the planning version, the system also adopts the changed
downtimes.
Resource is inactive
Unexpected resource standstill. This downtime cannot be changed in a simulation version.
You define a downtime by specifying a start date/time and end date/time as well as the type. In addition, you can enter a language-dependent short text that
describes the downtime in more detail.
It does not make sense to define downtimes that are outside the validity period of the resource, since a capacity has not been defined for the
resource for these times. Downtimes outside the validity period are not taken into consideration during scheduling.
Integration
Activities cannot be interrupted by downtimes. This means the activities always come completely before or after a downtime. If you move an activity in the
planning board over a downtime, then the activity jumps behind the downtime.
If you implement the BAdI /SAPAPO/CRESDOWNTIME, you can define that the activities can be interrupted by downtimes. If an activity is moved onto a
downtime, the activity duration is increased by the duration of the downtime. The activity is then continued after the downtime. See also: SAP Note 448601
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Use
Maintenance orders may automatically create a downtime on a production resource in SAP APO.
To automatically create a downtime in SAP APO, the following prerequisites must be met:
In SAP R/3:
The order must contain a functional location or an equipment.
A work center must be entered on the Location tab in the functional location or equipment.
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The System Condition in the order must be set to 0 or another value for which the Reservation indicator is set.
The order and the production resource must be contained in an active integration model.
In SAP APO, the downtime on the production resource is created from the start time to the end time of the maintenance order. However, you can change the
downtimes by implementing Business Add-In (BAdI) /SAPAPO/MNT_INBOUND , method CHANGE_DOWNTIMES . This method provides the default
downtimes from the start time to the end time of the orders, which you can then change.
For example, you can create downtimes per activity (see the sample implementation of the BAdI). You can also create downtimes only for certain
activities or not create downtimes for certain orders under certain conditions.
SAP APO does not create downtimes with zero duration.
When a downtime is created on a resource, SAP APO removes the activities that lie on that resource at the time for which the downtime is created from the
downtime.
You can use the
delta report to check the consistency of downtimes between SAP R/3 and SAP APO; downtimes are subobjects of maintenance orders.
Downtimes are stored on the SAP APO database, and correspond to an order that is stored in the live Cache. You can check and correct the consistency of
downtime data between the SAP APO database and the live Cache. To carry out the check, on the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Advanced Planning
and Optimization APO Administration liveCache/LCA Routines Consistency Checks liveCache Consistency Check (transaction code
/SAPAPO/OM17).
When displaying a maintenance order in the Process Order transaction (transaction code /SAPAPO/RRP2), you choose Downtimes to display the downtimes.
If the order does not have downtimes, an information message appears. If the order does have downtimes, the corresponding downtimes are listed in a dialog box.
By clicking on the resource, you navigate to the Resource display.
To find and display downtimes, you can use report /SAPAPO/MNT_DOWNTIMES_FIND . This report displays the resources, the start and end times of the
downtime, the downtime type, the order number (for downtime type 3), and some internal GUIDs. You can navigate to the display of the resource order by clicking
on the resource or the order number.
For more information about maintenance orders, see
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Process Flow
1. You create the required definitions for the resource that works in the multiple-shift operation.
a. If the resource does not work during breaks, then define the break times using the break pattern.
b. You can also define shift factors. A shift factor is the rate of capacity utilization for a specific shift; the rate of capacity utilization during the night shift is
lower than during the early shift.
c. You define the shifts and specify the start and end dates of the shifts including the break pattern and shift factors.
d. You define the shift sequence and assign the shifts, such as early and late shift, or early, late and night shift. You also specify how the shifts are
distributed weekly.
2. You define a capacity variant by defining a validity period.
3. You assign a time interval and a shift sequence to the capacity variant. This defines the available capacity of the capacity variant.
4. You enter the capacity variant in the Act. Variant field on the General Data tab page. The variant of the available capacity that you created is now valid.
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Features
In the initial screen for the resources, you can define up to 99 capacity variants by choosing Current Settings Capacity Variants . Depending on where, as
standard, the system determines the resource capacity, the capacity variant is defined in different ways:
For resources with a standard available capacity, you can define intervals for these capacity variants, in which the valid available capacity is defined using
definitions. To define the intervals, go to the Change Resources screen and select the Capacity Variants pushbutton. You use different definitions,
depending on the capacity category of a resource:
You can define shift sequences with shifts, breaks, and shift factors for resources with time-continuous capacity (such as single and multiresources).
In the case of resources with SNP bucket capacity (such as mixed resources and bucket resources), you use quantity/rate definitions
You can also define define rate models for line resources.
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You cannot define any intervals for resources with an external capacity that is determined directly from SAP R/3. The capacity variant is identical to the
available capacity determined from the external capacity, as long as you have not manually defined variances in the capacity profile.
If you define a capacity variant as the active variant in the General Data of a resource, the system uses the capacity variant instead of the standard
available capacity or the external capacity.
You can choose the Capacity Profile pushbutton to gain an overview of the available capacity that is determined from the active capacity variant for the validity
period of the resource, and to manually enter variances for individual data. (See Capacity Profile.)
For more information, see Determining the Valid Capacity.
For optimization in Supply Network Planning , you define capacity variants using minimum, normal and maximum capacity.
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1.4.2.3.1.1 Definitions
Definition
Resource- and date-independent templates for defining the available capacities of the capacity variants of a resource.
Use
You use definitions to specify capacities in capacity variants for resources. You specify a valid to date for each definition . The definitions, their use and data are
summarized in the following table.
You can use the where-used list for definitions to check whether a definition is used in resources.
Definitions for Single-Activity and Single Mixed Resources or Multiactivity and Multimixed Resources
Definition
Use
Data
Shift sequence
In the shift sequence, you define the daily shifts for any
number of consecutive days (for example, for a week),
with working and break times, utilization rate and capacity
(in the case of multiactivity resources) for each shift.
You assign shift sequences to the time intervals of a
Day numbers
Zero to nine shifts per day
Processing of shifts that start or end on non-workdays
Planner group
Shift
Start/end of the shift
Break pattern
Shift factors
Planner group
Breaks
Break pattern
Break number
Start and end of the breaks
or
Relative start of the break, in relation to the start of the
shift, and the total break duration
Planner group
Shift factors
resources)
Planner group
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Validity
Capacity in two different units of measurement
Period reference (none or day)
Number of days
Planner group
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Costs
Validity
Planner group
Units of time
Units of measure
Language-dependent short texts
Product-dependent rates
Validity
Planner group
Factor
Language-dependent short texts
Example
The following graphics are examples of how you can define the capacity of capacity variants for a resource using definitions .
Definition of Capacity Variants for Single-Activity and Multiactivity Resources or Single Mixed and Multimixed Resources
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Prerequisites
You have created a resource.
Procedure
1. You are currently in the master data for the required resource (change mode). Choose Definitions. The Create/Change Definitions screen appears.
2. Choose the Breaks tab page.
3. Create the new break pattern (for example, lunch) and assign a break number (dependent on how many breaks you wish to define for the day).
There are two ways to define breaks:
You specify the start and end of the break.
You specify the number of hours after which a break should take place, and enter the duration of the break. The reference point is always the beginning of
the shift. However, this break is not a recurring break. If you want to define a break for resource 2 every 2 hours, you must define a break for 2 hours, 4
hours, 6 hours, and so on after shift begin (taking into account the duration of any previous breaks).
4. Choose the Shifts tab page.
5. Enter a description for the shift, a validity end, and a start and end for the shift. Assign your break pattern to this shift.
The system does not take account of any shift factors for vehicle resources.
6. Choose the Shift Sequences tab page.
7. Enter a description, the day number, and the validity end. In the Non-Workdays field, you can choose from the following options to define the start and end of
the shift:
Can Finish on a Non-Workday
Can Start on a Non-Workday
Can Only Start or Finish on a Workday
Can Start or Finish on a Non-Workday
8. Assign one or more shifts to the shift sequence. Save your entries.
9. Go back to the resource master data and choose Capacity Variants . To create a new variant, choose Interval .
10. Enter a number and a validity period. Assign the shift sequence to the capacity variant. Select the first day so that the first day of the time interval is the first
day of the shift sequence.
You have defined a four-day shift sequence. If you enter 2 as the first day, the first day of the time interval has the shifts from the second day of the
shift sequence.
There are three ways of defining workdays:
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You can only create a resource independently of a model. As soon as you assign the resource to a model, the system automatically creates a
copy of the resource for each of the planning versions that belong to this model. If you create another planning version for this model later, the
system also automatically creates a copy that is specific to the planning version.
You can only process the original and the planning-version-dependent copy independently of each other (for example, change planning data,
delete resource).
3. Define the parameters for the time-continuous capacity if you want to use the resources in PP/DS.
4. Define the parameters for the SNP bucket capacity if you want to use the resources in SNP.
5. In addition, you can:
Define downtimes
Define language-dependent short texts
Define blocks for
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Procedure
Start from the screen Change Resources: Header Data Independent of Model . Select the resource(s) that you want to copy.
Choose Copy resource .
In the Copy Resources dialog box, you can create one or more copies of a resource.
Single copy:
the data in the Copy individual resource From field group represents the template for the copy in the To field group. Here, you maintain the name of the copy,
its location, and a short description.
Replicate all selected resources
: enter the number with which the copied resources are to begin, and the number of resources that are to be created. This number will be added to the end of
the resource name as a counter value.
If you have selected more than one resource in the Change Resources: Header Data Model-Independent screen, the selected resources are called up
consecutively as a template in the Copy Resources screen.
Assume that the name of the template is Res_00. If you choose 1 as the start number and 10 as the number of resources, the list of existing
resources is extended to include the resources Res_001 to Res_0010.
4. Confirm the entries using Enter.
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Result
You have created a copy of one or more resources. Each copy has its own name.
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Procedure
Start from the screen Change Resources: Header Data Independent of Model . Select the resource to be deleted.
Choose Delete resource .
If there are no dependencies, the resource is deleted
If the resource has dependencies, the Where-Used List screen appears, in which there is a tab for each type of use. The different uses of the resource are
listed on these tab pages. You must remove all of these dependencies before you can delete the resource.
3. Choose Save in the screen Change Resources: Header Data Independent of Model to confirm deletion.
You delete planning-version-dependent copies of resources by removing them from the associated model.
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Process Flow
The system checks the resource at the current point in time in the following sequence. If the result of the check is negative, the system moves on to the next step:
1. If a downtime is defined for the resource for the current point in time, no capacity is available.
2. If it is specified in the resource that the capacity is determined in an external system,
a. And an active variant is also specified at the resource for which a capacity profile with different data exists, the system uses the data defined in this
capacity profile
b. And different data exists for the external capacity in a capacity profile for the current point in time, the system takes this variance into account
c. And no active variant is specified and no capacity profile is defined, the system uses the external capacity.
3. If an active capacity variant is specified in the resource, and different data is defined in a capacity profile for the current date, the system uses the
capacity defined in the capacity profile.
4. If an active capacity variant, for which a capacity profile does not exist, is specified in the resource,
a. And an interval with a capacity that is valid at the current time is defined in this variant, the system uses this capacity
b. And no interval is found with a capacity that is valid for the current time, the system checks if a reference resource is assigned to the resource
i. If the same (not necessarily active) capacity variant with a valid interval exists for the reference resource, the system uses the capacity of the
capacity variant for the reference resource.
ii. If a valid interval does not exist in the same capacity variant at the reference resource either, the system uses the standard capacity of the
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reference resource.
5. If you have also created a capacity profile for the standard available capacity, the system uses the capacity defined in the capacity profile.
6. If a reference resource is specified at the resource, the system uses the standard capacity of the reference resource.
The capacity profile of the reference resource, should it exist, is ignored. If, on the other hand, another reference resource is specified at the
reference resource, the system determines the capacity as described here.
7. The system only uses the standard available capacity if it was not able to determine a valid resource capacity for the current point in time during one of
the previous checks.
8. If no standard available capacity is defined at the resource, the resource does not have any capacity.
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Features
The capacity profile provides you with an overview of the available capacity of a resource per day from the current date to the end of the validity period for the
following capacities:
Standard available capacity
Capacity variants
External capacity
Depending on the resource type, the overview shows the available time-continuous capacity (time capacity) or bucket-oriented capacity (quantity capacity).
Depending on the validity period defined for the resource and the number of shifts, the overview may contain a large number of entries.
You can manually change the available capacity for selected resources if, for example, the working time or the rate of resource utilization vary for individual days,
without having to define a new shift or a new interval in the capacity variant. The system saves these changes to the database in a capacity profile for the
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standard available capacity, the selected capacity variant or for the external capacity.
If you change the basic available capacity by changing the shift, for example, the system adjusts all unchanged data in the capacity profile. All variances
entered manually are retained.
As soon as a capacity profile for the standard capacity, the capacity variant, or the external capacity exists in the database, the system takes the variances
defined there into consideration - instead of the corresponding capacity - when determining the valid capacity.
Activity
1. If you want to change the available capacity of a shift, choose Change Shift in the capacity profile .
A dialog box appears, in which you can specify the period and shift for which you want to change the available capacity.
You can also mark the period on the calendar. The system then automatically marks the corresponding shifts in the overview. The marked period
is also shown in the dialog box.
2. Enter the changed capacity in the Available Capacity area and confirm your input.
3. To save your changes, choose Back
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Use
The standard available capacity of a resource has unlimited validity and is always the same. If you are not working with different shift sequences, then the
standard available capacity is sufficient for planning.
Structure
You define the parameters for the standard available capacity for resources (single, multi, line, vehicle, and calendar resources) you planned with PP/DS on
the time-continuous capacity tab page. Choose the Available Capacity pushbutton on this tab page to display the standard available capacity of the
resource for the entire validity period as a list.
You define the parameters for the standard available capacity on the SNP bucket capacity for resources to be planned with SNP. Choose the Available
Bucket Capacity pushbutton on this tab page to display the standard available capacity of the resource for the entire validity period as a list.
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Use
You can use reference resources to create and change available capacities for several resources.
For example, in a resource, you can define the normal capacity of all resources in the plant or in a sector of the plant. You then specify this as a reference
resource in the individual resources and thus transfer the available capacity of the reference resource to these resources.
For the individual resources, you only define the exceptions to the normal available capacity, by defining an active
capacity variant for the time intervals in which another available capacity should be valid.
For more information, see
Determining the Valid Capacity
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Definition
Structures containing production version information from SAP R/3 and SAP DIMP.
Use
The production process model (PPM) and the production data structure (PDS) are used as sources of supply for in-house production in SAP APO.
For more information, see:
Production Process Model
Production Data Structure (PDS)
You can create a where-used list for production process models and production data structures. For more information, see Where-Used List for Master Data.
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Use
Using a source of supply for in-house production, the planning applications in SAP APO can create a planned order within procurement planning that stages this
product. You can create a production process model (PPM) in SAP APO
By manually creating the PPM in SAP APO
By transferring relevant data from an OLTP system to SAP APO and then entering SAP APO specific planning data in the PPM, if required
A PPM corresponds to a production version in SAP R/3. You can transfer a SAP R/3 production version to SAP APO as a production process
model.
Structure
A PPM is based on the PPM plan. The PPM plan describes which process steps and components are required to manufacture the output products from the plan
on a non-order-specific basis. You define a PPM for each output product of a PPM plan. In the PPM, you define the validity conditions for the usage of the PPM
plan. The system may only use a PPM (and thus also the PPM plan) for a planned order if the order data fulfills the following conditions:
Lot Size Margin
The procurement quantity for the primary product of the planned order must be in the lot-size interval that you have defined in the PPM of the product.
Time Validity
The availability date/time of the planned order must be in the PPMs validity period. For the PPM, the system automatically uses the validity period that you
have entered in the plan for the output product.
Planning Location
The location in which you create the planned order must be entered in the PPM as planning location . A PPM is therefore always only valid for a specific
location. The system creates the receipt for the primary product in the planning location.
If you have entered a production location in the PPM that differs from the planning location, the system creates the dependent requirements for the
components and the receipts for the co-products in the production location. The production location is relevant for
In the case of planning with storage location MRP areas, the production location in the planned order may differ from the issuing location of the
components. The system automatically determines the issuing location from the storage location and the production location.
The resources used in the plan determine the locations in which the capacity requirements arise. The capacity requirements may therefore be
in different locations.
Procurement Priority
You can define several PPMs for an output product. You use the procurement priority to define the priority the system uses when taking a PPM into consideration
during
source determination.
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Describes the production process for manufacturing one or more products on a non-order-specific basis. A PPM plan consists of BOM and routing data from SAP
R/3.
Use
The following applications can use PPM plans:
A PPM plan for DP (DP PPM) corresponds to a BOM in SAP R/3 and does not contain any information on resources. (See
Forecast Using BOMs .)
You can use a template PPM (plan usage T) for the method CreateFromTemplate of the Business Application Programming Interface (BAPI)
ManufactOrderAPS. For more information, see the documentation for this BAPI.
Structure
In operations and related activities, you define the production flow in the PPM plan and assign the required components and resources. You define activity
relationships between the activities.
Possible Structure of a PPM Plan
Header Data
In the header data of the PPM plan, you define the costs incurred during production on the basis of this plan.
Single-level costs only contain the costs for the production steps defined in this plan.
Multilevel costs contain the costs incurred for staging the required components.
For
source determination in PP/DS, the system only takes the multilevel costs into consideration.
Operations
At the operation, you define which setup status is required for this operation on the primary resource. If the PPM plan has been created during the master data
transfer through the SAP APO Core Interface from SAP R/3, the operation also contains the following information:
Operation type (PP operation, PI operation, PI phase, or PP/PI suboperation)
The higher-level operation from SAP R/3
In SAP APO, an individual operation with one activity is created for each phase of a master recipe from SAP R/3 PP-PI. The activities of all
phases of a PP-PI operation have an end-start relationship.
Activities
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In Customizing for Master Data you can define your own activity types under Production Process Model Maintain Activity Types .
The scrap as a percentage (if any results from the activity), if it is an activity with the type Produce or Maintain You can define scrap as time-dependent
and planning-version-dependent.
If a setup activity has a sequence-dependent duration
If activities on multiresources can be
synchronized
If the activity start and activity end are to lie within the
validity period of the order
Which products are consumed or manufactured by the activity
At each activity, you define which logical components are required or produced. Under the logical component , you specify the real input or output product,
which is defined in the system as product, as the alternative component . You can assign several alternative components, which can be distinguished by
their time validity or the material consumption. For each alternative component , you can also define the material consumption as time-dependent and
planning-version-dependent parameters.
In an activity, a finished product is manufactured from a raw mixture. The following components are used:
Logical component
Input/output indicator
Alternative components
Raw mixture
Input
Finished product
Output
FERT_01
Integration
You define the usage conditions (for example, validity period and lot-size interval) for a plan in the production process model.
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The product flow should not be confused with the material flow . This is an attribute of the activity relationship and defines if the scrap of
activities, which are linked by the activity relationship, is calculated as cumulated or individually for each activity.
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Structure
In the PPM plan, you assign the product flow to the activity that is on the container resource that is used for filling or removing products. You can define one or
more product flows for an activity, but you can only assign each logical component to one activity per PPM plan. If you want to assign the same logical component
several times, you have to use different PPM plans.
The product flow is characterized as follows:
The product flow ID, which you use to define if the product is removed or filled at the start or end of the activity or continuously
The logical component of the activity that is removed or filled.
The container resource into which the product is filled or from which it is removed
Integration
You can define the product flow in SAP APO or in SAP R/3.
In SAP R/3 , you assign the product flow to operations or phases on the Material Component Assignment screen in the master recipe . The data is assigned to
the activity of each PPM plan during the transfer via the SAP APO Core Interface .
Example
A logical component (raw mixture) should be filled in a container, then processed further in two different ways, and removed from the container for this. Since three
activities with the same logical component have to be assigned a product flow, three different PPM plans have to be used. A PPM plan is defined for each of the
segments Fill , Remove for Further Processing A and Remove for Further Processing B . A product flow with the same logical component (for example, raw
mixture), but with a different product flow ID, is assigned to each activity of the PPM plan.
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In Characteristics-Dependent Planning (CDP), components are all elements or parts of a PPM plan, for which you can define characteristics
propagation. Activities are also regarded as components.
If you are working with PPM plans, you use the characteristic propagation to define at which characteristics the values are copied from the configuration.
The object dependency in the ERP system at BOMs and routings is not transferred to the PPM plan. Therefore, you should not use an object dependency at
APO-relevant components or operations. If you wish to carry out preliminary costing, you must create a separate costing BOM/routing.
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When transferring PPM plans for product variants, the object dependency is evaluated. Only the required components/operations are integrated in
SAP APO. In each case, you should check if processing with CDP is required.
If you delete or replace components in BOMs or operations in the routings in the ERP system and transfer these changes to SAP APO, dependent CDP data are
also deleted with the corresponding nodes in the PPM plan. The same applies to changed key dates in validities in BOMs and routings. In these cases, you must
subsequently maintain the CDP data in SAP APO. If you make frequent changes to the BOM or routing in the ERP system, you can also use production data
structures (PDS) instead of PPM plans.
Prerequisites
You have specified that you want to work with PPM in SAP APO when creating an integration model in the ERP system (plug-in).
The same prerequisites as described in Planning with CDP Characteristics are valid for characteristics-dependent planning.
The same prerequisites as described in Block Planning are valid for block planning.
Features
Define Characteristics Propagation
The class assignments for components and activities are displayed on the overview screen for characteristics propagation.
You define which characteristics are used for CDP for the output product. For logical components and the activities, you specify characteristics whose values are
copied from the configuration by the system.
You can define valuations and characteristic requirements for characteristic propagation:
For characteristics selected under Valuation , the system copies the values from the configuration and uses them for pegging or for creating orders.
For characteristics selected under Characteristic Requirements , you can define selection criteria that the system uses for pegging. The characteristics must
be defined as batch selection characteristics in a class of class type 023 in the ERP system (see Define Characteristic Requirements). If characteristic
requirements have been defined, the system will not consider any entries made under Valuations during pegging. The receipt requirements must be
compatible with the requirements valuation.
Define Rules
You use rules to control the selection of operations, activities, modes, and logical components that are required for the planned production step. These form the
actual items of the production order that was created by the PPM (without access to the live Cache).
In the PPM plan, rules replace the object dependency that is required in the PPM plan.
The system takes the rules into account during the plan explosion.
Overwrite Planning Parameters
You can overwrite certain planning parameters for operations, modes, activities and logical components. To do so, you must define the value and class
assignments of the next highest PPM level.
You can overwrite the following parameters:
PPM Level
Planning Parameters
Operation
Sequencing
Activity
Duration (must be entered in seconds for immediate transfer to the live Cache)
Scrap
Mode
Duration
Product
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Prerequisites
You have defined a PPM plan
You are in plan processing in the Change Plan Individual Display screen
Procedure
1. Choose
Product Plan Assignment.
The system shows the screen area Production Process Models . If you have not yet assigned any PPMs to the PPM plan, the table in the Production
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Process Models area contains a row with the name of the output product, the associated logical component, and the validity period of the output product for
each output product of the plan. The validity period of a PPM is the same as the validity period of the output product.
2. Create a PPM for each output product.
Enter the required data for each output product. Do not use any special characters for the name and the description of the PPM.
3. Save your entries.
4. If you want to define an additional PPM for an output product, place the cursor on the PPM that you have already created for this product and choose
Copy .
The system creates a new row containing the data of the PPM you have copied. Modify this data as required by entering a different name and a different
planning location, for example.
Several PPMs for one output product of the plan are relevant for
production in another location and for planning with MRP areas. In these
applications, there may be several PPMs with different planning locations for an output product.
Result
You have created a PPM for each output product of the PPM plan. You have to assign a PPM to the supply chain model so that it is available in the model for
planning.
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Integration
It is possible that the number of mode combinations and therefore also the number of SNP PPMs generated will become very large, depending on the number of
activities and alternative PP/DS PPM modes. For this reason, there is a different function available that you use before running this function to select certain
PP/DS PPM mode combinations or enter parameters in order to restrict the number of SNP PPMs generated. You then flag the chosen PPM plans so that they
are considered the next time this function is executed. For more information, see
Specifying Mode Combinations for SNP PPM Generation.
You can also run the function described here directly without first defining the mode combinations. Parameters are available on the selection screen for this
function, which you use to restrict the number of SNP PPMs generated. However, manual preselection of mode combinations is only possible in the function
mentioned above.
Prerequisites
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In the system, you have created the appropriate PP/DS PPMs from which you want to generate the SNP PPMs. For more information, see the
PPM Plan section of the APO master data document.
During generation, the system only takes into account multi mixed resources or single mixed resources that have not been set with the indicator Not
SNP Rel. on the Planning Parameters tab page from resource master data. Also, the system only takes into account products with the activated
SDP relevance indicator on the Properties tab page within product master data.
Activities
You maintain the control parameters for executing the function. From the SAP APO Easy Access menu, choose Master Data Production Process Model
SNP PPM Generation With Lot Size Margin .
On the selection screen, if you leave the PP/DS plan number and SNP plan number fields blank, the flagged PPM plans and associated control
parameters are adopted from the transaction SNP PPM Generation: Determine Mode Combinations . On the selection screen, if you specify a
specific PP/DS plan number and SNP plan number, you must also enter the associated control parameters on the screen. If you do not enter any
values, the system uses the maximum values possible.
For example, you use the control parameters to specify how the operations, activities, and resource consumption from the PP/DS PPM are transferred to
the SNP PPM that has been setup for bucket-oriented SNP planning. You can also restrict the number of SNP PPMs generated by limiting the PP/DS
PPM mode combinations considered.
The following control parameters are available:
Parameter
Use
You use this date to specify when bucket generation for the SNP PPM plan is
to start. The
temporary PP/DS order created by the system, from which the SNP plan is to
be generated, is also scheduled from this start date on.
If possible, you should choose the start date so that the PPM generation horizon
corresponds to a typical horizon for your work processes (based on leave
periods, public holidays, and so on).
For generation, it is not possible to shift the start date into the past.
Bucket Size
You use bucket size (period length) to specify which PP/DS plan activities are
to become an SNP plan activity during SNP plan generation. To do this, a
temporary PP/DS order over a certain lot size (typical order lot size, see below)
is created by forward scheduling from the Start Date of the Generation Period
specified. All activities from the planned order that fall within a bucket of the
pre-specified size, then become one production activity in the generated SNP
plan. This means that the longer the bucket is, the more PP/DS plan activities
can be included within one SNP plan activity. This production activity is one
day long. If necessary, the remaining time from the bucket is occupied by a
wait activity.
You should choose the bucket size so that it corresponds to the period length for
SNP planning (that is, the period length specified in the planning buckets
profile).
You use lowest mode priority to specify which PP/DS plan modes are to be
considered for the mode combination, that is, how many SNP plans are
generated. Modes with a lower priority than the one specified here are not
considered for SNP plan generation.
Consumption Calculation
You use the consumption calculation parameter to specify how the variables
and fixed bucket resource consumptions from SNP plan activities are to be
calculated, which means how the corresponding PP/DS plan consumptions are
to be transferred to the SNP plan. There are the following two types of
calculation:
1. Consumption is calculated on a one to one basis, so that one PP/DS
order corresponds to one SNP order (generation variant without PP/DS
campaign):
The system uses the fixed duration and fixed resource consumption from
the PP/DS plan plus the duration of sequence-dependent setup
activities to calculate the fixed bucket consumption of the SNP plan. The
duration of these activities is calculated as the setup duration of an initial
setup group/setup key (as specified in the setup matrix) to the setup
group/setup key of the operation considered. Variable bucket
consumption is determined from the PP/DS plan variable duration and
variable resource consumption.
2. Consumption is calculated on a many to one basis, so that n PP/DS
orders correspond to one SNP order (generation variant with PP/DS
campaign):
The system calculates fixed bucket consumption from the duration of
sequence-dependent setup activities only (see above). The fixed PP/DS
plan durations are made linear and go into the variable bucket
consumptions from the SNP plan. Variable durations and resource
consumptions are also used to determine the variable bucket
consumption.
This is the lot size over which the system creates a temporary PP/DS order.
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The system uses the temporary PP/DS order to assign PP/DS PPM operations
to the respective SNP buckets (periods) using normal scheduling rules.
As the order length is usually based on the lot size, you should enter the typical
order lot size in this field. When choosing this lot size, it should correspond to the
typical SNP lead time, because all orders that you create from the generated
SNP PPM receive the duration derived from the temporary PP/DS order.
As a rule, the larger the typical order lot size, the longer the duration of activities
in the generated SNP PPM. Note that if you choose an order lot size that is too
large, the duration of activities may exceed the bucket size, and the system will
not be able to generate an SNP PPM. Because of this, there are several
options available for determining the typical order lot size (see the selection
help).
Maximum Number
You use this parameter to specify an upper limit on the number of SNP plans
to be generated.
If this number is exceeded, the system terminates generation.
Prerequisites
In the system, you have created the appropriate PP/DS PPMs from which you want to generate the SNP PPMs. For more information, see the
PPM Plan section of the APO master data document.
During generation, the system only takes into account multi mixed resources or single mixed resources that have not been set with the indicator Not
SNP Rel. on the planning parameters tab page from resource master data. Also, the system only takes into account products with the activated
SDP relevance indicator on the Properties tab page within product master data.
Procedure
From the SAP APO easy access menu, choose Master Data Production Process Model SNP PPM Generation: Determine Mode Combinations . The
Select Worklist screen appears.
In the upper part of the screen, specify a PP/DS PPM plan or range of PP/DS plans that you want to convert into SNP PPM plans using the SNP
Generation with Lot Size Margin function (you can also choose PP/DS plans by entering one or more products or location products). Alternatively, in the lower
part of the screen, you specify SNP plans that have already been generated with the SNP PPM Generation with Lot Size Margin function, which you want to
change and flag to be run in a new generation report run.
Choose
. The Mode Combinations for Generation of SNP Plans screen appears.
The PPM plans you selected in the selection screen are displayed in the upper table.
You first specify a name in the SNP Plan field. If you give a name without a placeholder, the system provides the appropriate SNP plan number at the end of
this name (such as SNP Plan01 and SNP Plan02) when generating multiple SNP plans for one PP/DS plans (one SNP plan is generated per PP/DS plan mode
combination). However, you can also add the placeholder # at the end of the name or insert it at any point in the name. If you choose this option, the system
replaces the placeholder with the relevant number. You can also leave the field blank and use the
SNP Name button to have the name automatically
generated by the system. It is formed like this: Name of PP/DS Plan_SNP (if required +_Number ) .
In the Generated field, you are shown whether the SNP plan has already been generated from the PP/DS plan manually or automatically (which means with or
without manual mode combination determination) using the SNP PPM Generation with Lot Size Margin function.
In the other fields from the upper table, you specify parameters to control SNP PPM Generation that can be maintained both in this function and in the SNP PPM
Generation with Lot Size Margin function. If you enter values in the corresponding fields in this function, these values overwrite the corresponding entry in the
generation report selection screen, if you leave the report fields PP/DS plan number and SNP plan number blank. For more information on these parameters,
see
SNP PPM Generation with Lot Size Margin or the corresponding F1 help.
If you double click on a PP/DS plan, the operations and activities of this plan are displayed in the lower table. It is now possible to use the selection help to
choose a specific mode for each activity. You can only choose one mode per activity as only one mode is valid per activity in an SNP PPM. When the SNP
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PPM Generation with Lot Size Margin function is run at a later point, exactly one SNP PPM is generated for the PP/DS PPM mode combination chosen.
If you choose just one mode combination, the other parameters for restricting the number of SNP PPMs generated (such as lowest mode priority) are
ignored.
6. You can run checks on the validity of mode combinations and the maximum number of SNP plans generated.
If you choose
, the system checks whether valid mode combinations exist and whether all the mode combinations chosen are valid. Negative check results
Result
The PPM plans you flagged are taken into account within the next run of the SNP PPM Generation with Lot Size Margin function.
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Prerequisites
To be able to generate and to use the transaction, you must note the following points:
You have an active PP/DS PPM.
The SNP PPM is generated exclusively for the specified lot size, since no variable durations or consumptions can be taken into account.
In the generation process, only single or multi-mixed resources for which the Not SNP Rel. indicator has not been set on the Planning Parameters tab
page are taken into account. In addition, only those products for which the SDPrelevance indicator has been activated on the Properties tab page of the
product master data are taken into account.
Operations and activities in the SNP PPM do not necessarily match those of the PP/DS PPM from which they were generated. The reason for this is that
activities and operations that are contained in non-relevant resources or components are omitted, or are grouped together with other activities in a time
bucket because of short duration.
Activities
Using the plan or PPM entered and the lot size, an order is dispatched infinitely to liveCache (without taking into account resource schedules that possibly
exist).
Using a time bucket, consumption of the SNP-relevant resources and components can be determined per SNP bucket and grouped together into SNP
operations or SNP activities.
Only the valid components and the mode, which is selected automatically via the order explosion, are relevant for generating the SNP PPM.
Consecutive consumptions of the same type are consolidated into one activity, while bucket durations and material consumptions are added together.
If a new component or resource is added to, or removed from a bucket in an SNP PPM, a new activity is generated in this SNP PPM.
If there is a change of primary resource, the system generates a new operation. If several PP/DS activities with different primary resources lie within an
SNP bucket, the system checks the resources to see whether the dimensions are the same. The primary resource for the SNP mode is then determined
from the PP/DS activity with the highest resource consumption.
Data from the setup matrix is only relevant if the Setup indicator has been set for a setup activity.
Only fixed consumptions and durations can be generated within the SNP plan, because the consumptions arising are determined via a dummy order (fixed
lot size). However, if the SNP PPMs generated are also to be valid for lot size margins, the variable portions must likewise be manually calculated out of the
fixed portions (see also
SNP PPM Generation With Lot Size Margin).
In calculating the bucket consumption, the planned delivery time is also considered. If, for example, a planned delivery time of one day has been specified,
the system generates a wait activity for this time. If a PPM is generated in the past, the days up to the generation date are consolidated to form a wait
activity.
After generation, you must manually maintain the following texts:
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Plan
Product plan assignment
Operation
Activity
This manual maintenance is necessary because the texts cannot be adopted from the PP/DS PPM automatically.
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Use
You can use the PDS as well as the PPM as a source of supply for in-house production in SAP APO.
Structure
Production data structures are differentiated as follows:
Source of master data
R/3
Production data structures that are generated from R/3 master data contain data from:
Bill of material
Routing
Master recipe
iPPE
Production data structures that are generated from iPPE master data contain data from:
Product structure
Process structure
Factory layout
By planning application in SAP APO
PP/DS
SNP
CTM
DP
Integration
The production version provides the basis for generating the PDS from both R/3 and iPPE master data.
Exception: Integration model for phantom assemblies
If you are creating integration models for phantom assemblies from R/3 (option Bill of Material ), no production versions must exist for the phantom assembly.
See Create Integration Model for Transferring R/3 Data
PDS from iPPE master data must be generated in APO; the data is then active in SAP APO and can be used for planning. This applies to iPPE master data
that were transferred using the CIF in SAP APO as well as iPPE master data that were created in SAP APO.
PDS from R/3 master data are generated during the transfer to SAP APO via the CIF; the data is then active and can be used for planning.
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Structure
Production data structures that are generated from iPPE data contain different data depending on the application.
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You must set the Use in CTM Planning indicator in the routing header on the Basic Data tab page for Capable-to-Match planning (CTM) to use
the data of a PP/DS PDS.
DP production data structures (DP PDS) are generated from SNP or PP/DS production data structures, or contain iPPE product structures with the usage
Demand Planning (DPB) at the access.
To generate DP production data structures from SNP and PP/DS PDS, you must use the transaction Generate DP Production Data Structures . On the
SAP Easy Access screen, choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Production Data Structure (PDS) Generate DP
Production Data Structure.
iPPE product structures with the usage Demand Planning (DPB) in the access are generated with the transaction Generate Production Data Structure from
iPPE Data .
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Prerequisites
You have transferred the iPPE data from the DIMP system via the Core Interface in SAP APO, or created iPPE master data in SAP APO and maintained
production versions.
You have checked the data in the DIMP system with the iPPE consistency check.
Process Flow
1. You can check the data using the iPPE consistency check in SAP APO.
See:
The system always executes the iPPE consistency check automatically as soon as you have generated a check PDS in an inactive planning
version, and have generated the production data structures for all models.
2. You can use the check production data structure (check PDS) to check data you are using in PP/DS. You also generate a check PDS in an inactive
planning version.
See Checking Master Data in Inactive Planning Versions.
3. You generate the production data structures from production versions for all models.
4. You check the results in the generation log.
Result
The data can now be used in planning.
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Integration
You can generate the check PDS from changed and new master data from production versions.
The current status of the master data is generated as the check PDS in the selected planning version.
The check PDS in the inactive planning version, and the data that you created cannot be transferred from the inactive planning version to the active one.
If the data are correct, and you generate the PDS for all models, then this status applies to all model planning versions that are assigned to the production
version. All previous statuses of the check PDS are inactive; this means you can no longer create any orders.
You cannot execute a backflush in an inactive planning version.
You can check the data for CTM with the check PDS as the application CTM can also use the PP/DS production data structures.
The check PDS cannot be used for SNP and DP data.
Actions
1. Choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Production Data Structure (PDS) Generate Check Production Data Structure from
iPPE Data.
The screen Generate Check Production Data Structures from iPPE Data appears.
2. Specify the planning version in which you wish to generate the check PDS and choose if
You only want to generate production versions whose master data have changed since the last generation are generated in the inactive planning version
( Generate Changed Production Versions Only ).
Or
You want to generate production data structures whose master data have not changed since the last generation in addition to the PDS that were changed
( Generate Current Production Data Structures Also ). Only use this option after having upgraded.
3. Choose Execute .
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Generating Production Data Structures (PDS) from iPPE Data for All
Models
Use
You use this procedure to generate production data structures (PDS) for all models. The PDS can be displayed in all planning versions of the models that are
assigned to the production versions. The master data are active and can be used for planning.
The system executes the iPPE consistency check when generating the production data structure. See:
Procedure
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Production Data Structure (PDS) Generate
Production Data Structure from iPPE Data.
The screen Generate Production Data Structure from iPPE Data appears.
2. Enter the data for the production version from which you wish to generate the production data structure(s) for all models, the usage, and choose if
You only want to generate production versions whose master data have changed since the last generation ( Generate Changed Production Versions
Only ).
Or
You want to generate production data structures whose master data have not changed since the last generation in addition to the PDS that were changed
( Generate Current Production Data Structures Also ). Only use this option after having upgraded.
3. Choose Execute .
The Logs screen appears. Here, the system lists all messages related to the generation.
You can also call up logs related to generating the production data structures separately. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Advanced Planning
and Optimization Master Data Production Data Structure Display PDS Generation Log.
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Structure
The production data structure consists of the following:
List of components with the following information:
Consumed total quantity
Type of consumption
Assignment to activities.
List of available capacities with reference to resources
List of activities with data for setup
List of modes with data for duration and assignment to activities
Relationships
Use
You can use the PDS generated from R/3 data, the PDS generated from iPPE data, and the production process model (PPM) as a
house production in
Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling
Demand Planning (DP).
Integration
The production data structure (PDS) is generated during the transfer of master data from the connected SAP R/3 System using the SAP APO Core Interface
in SAP APO. The production data structure can be generated from the following master data in SAP R/3:
Production version with routing and bill of material
Production version based on a master recipe
Bill of material (for phantom assemblies)
In SAP APO, you cannot change the data that are contained in the production data structure. You can display the data. See Display Production Data
Structures
On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Advanced Planning and Optimization
Master Data Production Data Structures (PDS) Display
Production Data Structures .
If you wish to change the PDS data, you must change the data in SAP R/3 and then generate the production data structure again using the SAP APO CIF.
When transferring via the SAP APO CIF, the production data structure is created in the model 000 and the active planning version 000. On the SAP Easy
Access screen in SAP R/3, choose Logistics Central Functions Supply Chain Planning Interface Core Interface Advanced Planner and
Optimizer Integration Model Change Transfer Production Data Structure (PDS)
Transfer Production Data Structure (PDS) to assign a
different planning version to the production data structure (PDS).
If you are using the production data structure, you can implement the following Business Add-Ins (BAdIs) in SAP APO that can be applied to the
generation and explosion:
/SAPAPO/CURTO_CREATE Enhancement When Creating a PP/DS PDS (R/3) (Generation)
/SAPAPO/CURTO_SNP ) Enhancements When Creating an SNP PDS (R/3) (Generation)
/SAPAPO/CULLRTOSNP ) Change SNP/CTM Production Data Structure Data (Generation)
/SAPAPO/CULLRTOEXPL Enhancements for PP/DS PDS (Explosion)
So that the system uses the PDS generated from R/3 data during planning in PP/DS, SNP, CTM, and DP in SAP APO, you must set plan explosion 5
Production Data Structure Generated from R/3 in the location product master of the product.
For more information, see Integration of PP/DS Production Data Structures.
If you are using Integrated Product and Process Engineering (iPPE) in SAP APO, you must generate the production data structure from iPPE
data in SAP APO. For more information, see Generating Production Data Structures (PDS) from iPPE Data.
See also:
Comparison of PP/DS Production Data Structure
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You create an integration model for R/3 master data (BOM, routing, and master recipe) to transfer data to the SAP APO. During the transfer, the system generates
a production data structure (PDS) that provides the basis for planning in SAP APO. You use the integration model to define what type of PDS is generated in SAP
APO.
You can implement BAdIs that influence the results in SAP APO.
Prerequisites
You have created the master data in SAP R/3 (BOM, routing, master recipe).
You have created a production version in SAP R/3 for each product that you wish to plan in SAP APO.
Do not create a production version if you wish to create an integration model for a phantom assembly (option Bill of Material ).
Create Integration Model for Transferring BOMs, Routing, and Master Recipes
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen in SAP R/3, choose Logistics Central Functions Supply Chain Planning Interface Core Interface Advanced
Planner and Optimizer Integration Model Create .
The Create Integration Model screen appears.
2. At the top of the screen:
Enter a unique name in the Model Name field.
Enter the RFC destination you have defined for SAP APO in the Logical System field.
Enter a description in the APO Application field. This is for information only.
3. Choose the option PDS (R/3) and then
Further Restrictions in the Material-Dependent Objects group box.
4. In the General Selection Options for Materials group box, enter the materials, plant, and additional data for the product that you wish to transfer to SAP APO.
5. Depending on the data you require for planning in SAP APO, enter the following information in the Production Data Structure group box:
PDS Type :
Determines what type of PDS is generated in SAP APO. You can implement BAdIs that can be applied to the generation.
Production Version :
Determines which data is transferred.
Routing Select. :
Determines which routing and master recipe is copied from the production version to the integration model.
The relevant PDS is generated in SAP APO based on the information provided in the Production Data Structure group box.
6. Choose
Execute .
The Create Integration Model screen appears.
7. Save your data.
PDS Type
Possible Planning
Selection
Bill of Material
Routing
Master Recipe
Yes
PP/DS
Detailed Scheduling
Rate-Based Planning
/SAPAPO/ CURTO_
CREATE
PP/DS PDS
Bill of Material
Yes
Detailed Scheduling
/SAPAPO/ CURTO_
Rate-Based Planning
CREATE
Subcontractor Locations
Routing
Master Recipe
Bill of Material
Routing
Master Recipe
Yes
SNP
Detailed Scheduling
Rate-Based Planning
Sales and Operations
Planning
/SAPAPO/ CURTO_SNP
SNP PDS
Bill of Material
Routing
Master Recipe
Yes
Detailed Scheduling
Rate-Based Planning
Sales and Operations
/SAPAPO/ CURTO_
CREATE
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Planning
Bill of Material
Routing
Master Recipe
Yes
PP/DS
Detailed Scheduling
Rate-Based Planning
Bill of Material
(for Phantom Assembly)
No
PP/DS
SNP
No Influence on Generated
PDS
/SAPAPO/ CURTO_
CREATE
Method:
CREATE_CTM_PDS
CTM PDS
PP/DS PDS
Without Routing
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Prerequisites
System Prerequisites
The following system and releases are required:
SAP SCM 4.1
PI 2004.1
SAP R/3
Required master data
The report compares only data that is relevant in APO (routing, master recipe, production version, work center, components) and fields in the active integration
model.
Therefore, the following steps are necessary:
1. The master data that is necessary for the creation of a production order or a process order must be entered in SAP R/3.
Materials
Production version
Work center or master recipe
BOM
2. You must create and activate an integration model with the master data required for the PDS (materials, plant, work center, production version).
For more information on initial and change transfer of PP/DS production data structures, see Integration of PP/DS Production Data Structures.
Required settings in the material master
Because a temporary order is created in SAP R/3 during the comparison of the explosion results, you must have maintained the production scheduling profile,
production scheduler, or MRP group in the material master ( MRP 1 view, Work Scheduling ). The system uses this information to determine the order type of
the manufacturing order (production or process order). This information is necessary for the manufacturing order explosion.
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You can use parameters in the following Customer Exits and BAdIs to control whether your modification is taken into account in the comparison function.
The following enhancements are executed during the order explosion:
In SAP R/3:
During the explosion of the R/3 manufacturing order the following Customer-Exits are called in the enhancement CIFORD02 ( Transfer of Customer-Specific
Order Fields ):
EXIT_SAPLCOVA_001
EXIT_SAPLCORD_004
In SAP APO:
During the explosion of the PDS, the BAdI /SAPAPO/CULLRTOEXPL ( Enhancement for Exploding a PP/DS Production Data Structure ) is called.
The parameter IV_ORDERTRIGGER (= EC) specifies that the function module is called from the comparison function.
In other words, you can program that the comparison skips your modifications if the parameter is EC.
Features
The report comprises the following functions:
Comparison of the change date
Compare Last R/3 Change Date with PP/DS PDS Generation Date
Comparison of the explosion results
Compare Explosion Result in R/3 and APO
Retransfer of the master data
Automatic retransfer of the PP/DS production data structure in the background
The report can be carried out in the dialog or in the background.
To avoid a long runtime, you must enter an R/3 partner system, product and location.
( Variance found ).
Transfer again
The PDS is retransferred.
New comparison
The new comparison can be carried out after the function Transfer again.
Display log
The log can be displayed for both successful and failed new transfers of the PDS.
In the log, the incorrect products that have not yet been transferred are displayed first, then the incorrect products that have been transferred and finally
the correct products that have been transferred.
No deviating master data found
If there is no data to be compared, for example because products are contained in the active integration model or the production version is missing, you go
directly to the application log. When you leave the application log, a dialog box is displayed, asking if you want to save the application log.
Transfer again
If you select products with variances and choose
Transfer PP/DS Production Data Structure .
Transfer again , the PDS is transferred again (and synchronously) in the same way as the R/3 function
During the retransfer, the system checks whether master data, such as work center or component, are contained in an active integration model, that is, whether
they are relevant for APO.
The existing PDS is overwritten.
Correctly transferred products have the status
.
The report changes the PDS generation date to the current date and displays the number of correct retransfers.
You can call the log in order to view correctly transferred products.
Incorrectly transferred products have the status
.
You can call a log for incorrectly transferred products.
In the
Log, you see detailed information on products with deviating master data.
For example, if a work center has been changed in a BOM and the new work center is not contained in an active integration model, you see a message
telling you that no resource is available. You must transfer the work center to SAP APO before you carry out the comparison again.
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These messages are also saved in the application log ( APO Administration Integration Monitor Application Log ).
The user can select relevant messages via the object CIF, subobject IPRT.
See Application Log
If you carry out the Transfer again function more than once, only the products with the status
( Variance found ) are taken into account.
Products for which the new transfer has failed are always added to the log, this means that the logs of previous new transfers are not overwritten.
New comparison
If you choose
New comparison, after the new transfer, the products are selected and compared according to the selection criteria:
SAP R/3
When a manufacturing order is created or changed in SAP R/3 the BOM and routing are exploded for the selected date. (The explosion date is the
date on which the BOM and routing are determined.)
The explosion date must lie within the validity of the production version.
SAP APO
The explosion date of the PDS for a receipt element for in-house production (planned or manufacturing order), corresponds to the order start date.
The explosion date can, for example, be the start date of the first activity.
Selection
You must also enter the following criteria, which are necessary for the explosion of the R/3 manufacturing order:
Interval
Order quantity
Explosion date
During the comparison of the explosion result in R/3 and APO, performance problems may occur if you try to compare a large number of
explosion results. For example, if you enter a large date range and also specify an interval of one day.
If necessary, you can
Specify tolerances in percent for the operation duration and for components
Select an automatic retransfer for background processing
Result
The system displays a list of master data in which deviations were found. The list displays the product, location, production version, status and explosion date.
Master data with deviations is displayed in the results list with the status
( Variance found ).
Transfer again
The PDS is retransferred.
See Transfer Again
New comparison
It makes sense to carry out a new comparison after the function Transfer again .
Display log
The log can be displayed for both successful and failed new transfers of the PDS.
For example, the system displays a message if no comparison has taken place for a product because there is no production version for the explosion date,
or no valid production version in SAP R/3.
See Transfer Again
Display comparison
If you select deviating master data and choose
Display comparison you see a detailed overview of the deviating data.
The APO and R/3 explosion results, including the operations, phases, input and output products, and relationships are displayed in a tree.
The status
indicates where the comparison function found deviating data. In this way you can see, for example, whether operations have been deleted in
SAP R/3 and are therefore missing in SAP APO, or if the duration of an activity in SAP APO exceeds the calculated permitted tolerance.
Choose
or
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Job Log of the background job telling you to check the application log. ( Tools CCMS Jobs )
By double clicking on the message you see the long text and can go to the application log.
Activities
Choose Master Data PP/DS Production Data Structure 1.5.2.2.2 Comparison of PP/DS Production Data Structure or APO-Administration
Integration Comparison of Master Data Comparison of PP/DS Production Data Structure (/SAPAPO/RTO_ORD_COMP).
If these conditions are met the system carries out the comparison.
Process Flow
The following steps are carried out:
1. Simulated manufacturing order is created in SAP R/3
Effect of the criteria entered on manufacturing order explosion:
Explosion date (from to)
You can enter dates for which an explosion should be simulated.
The system:
Checks the validity of the production version on the explosion date
SAP R/3 checks whether the explosion date lies within the validity of the production version, in other words, whether the production version is valid
at the time of order creation.
If the system does not find a valid production version, because production versions have been deleted, changed or locked, then no comparison
takes place.
Carries out a BOM explosion with the explosion date ( from )
Therefore, only components that are valid at the time of the explosion are compared.
Interval
The number of days or weeks entered is used to calculate additional key dates on which master data should be exploded and compared.
For example, to compare explosion results for more than one point in time in November you could enter the explosion date 01.11. to 30.11.and
choose the interval 1 and Week .
The system would then simulate the explosion result for every week (every 7 days) and therefore carry out four comparisons.
Order quantity
The order quantity is always used for the order explosion. If you select Use Fixed Lot Size of Product and the fixed lot size is greater than zero (R/3
material master, MRP 1 view), the fixed lot size is used as the order quantity.
Tolerance in % for operation duration
The duration of an operation is calculated using the scheduling formula from the routing (work center).
To settle rounding differences you can specify a percentage tolerance for operation durations. The tolerance is always calculated on the basis of the R/3
operation duration.
If the difference between the operation durations exceeds the calculated admissible tolerance, the operation is regarded as deviating.
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If the difference between the APO quantity and the R/3 quantity exceeds the admissible tolerance the quantity is marked as incorrect.
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Integration
DP PDS that were generated from iPPE master data with the usage Demand Planning in the access are already available for Demand Planning.
Prerequisites
If you are working with master data from SAP R/3, you have transferred the data via the CIF; and can use one of the following PDS in SAP APO:
PP/DS PDS from R/3
SNP PDS from R/3
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If you are working with iPPE master data, you have generated one of the following PDS and the data are already active in SAP APO:
PP/DS PDS from iPPE
SNP PDS from iPPE
See Generate Production Data Structures (PDS) for All Models
Features
You can generate PDS from iPPE and R/3 master data , and update existing DP PDS.
You can use the SNP PDS and the PP/DS PDS for generating a DP PDS.
You can specify if the system determines the source of supply according to procurement priority or costs.
You can enter a name for the DP PDS manually, or use a name generated by the system.
Activities
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen , choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Production Data Structure (PDS) Generate
DP Production Data Structure .
The Generate or Update DP Production Data Structures screen appears.
2. Decide if you want to generate a new DP PDS or update an existing one.
3. Enter the data for the product.
4. Choose the PDS type that provides the basis for generating the DP PDS.
5. Define how the system selects the source of supply.
6. Enter the remaining data.
7. Choose Execute .
8. The DP PDS Generation screen appears, where you can view messages regarding the DP PDS generation.
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PP/DS
Shop floor scenario
Line scenario with single explosion
Line scenario with matrix explosion
SNP
CTM
DP (demand planning)
DP
Integration
Display Production Data Structures can be accessed directly, or it can be called by several other functions. For example, Display Production Data
Structures is accessed by the following functions (among others):
Prerequisites
You must have generated production data structures from either of the following:
SAP R/3 data using the CIF (Core Interface) in R/3
iPPE data in SAP APO using the generation report/transaction.
Activities
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1. In the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Production Data Structures Display Production Data
Structures.
The Load Production Data Structure dialog box appears.
2. Enter your search criteria.
Alternatively, if you frequently use the same search criteria, you may define and save variants that you access using
search, choose
Execute .
The Display Production Data Structures screen appears. The system displays a results list with the production data structures matching your search
criteria.
3. You select an individual PDS from the results list and the system displays the first level of detail for this PDS in several tabs below. If only one PDS is
found, the system automatically displays the first level of detail for that PDS.
You can change the columns that display on the Display Production Data Structure screen by choosing
Select Layout . This ability
applies to all levels of detail and to the results list. The initial (unexpanded) results list has hidden columns, but subsequent detail lists do not.
By choosing different Valid From and Valid To dates, you get different results in the results list.
Comment
Components
Activities
Operations
Not applicable to DP
Activities (Line)
Activities (Routing)
Activity Relationships
Reporting Points
only want to explode one row, you click on a hotspot ( ), or double click the row. The system displays the tab strip one level below. For example, you could
choose the Activities tab, then the Modes tab within Activities , and then Capacity/Requirements within Modes.
The first level of detail always shows all available data for the PDS, but the dependent tap strips in subsequent levels show only data that is
related to the row or rows selected in the tab above .
Certain hotspots, such as
valuation assignments.
(Open valuation) , open the relevant tabs to display, for example, object dependencies or
Comment
Selection conditions
PP/DS only
Procedures
PP/DS only
Valuation Assignment
PP/DS only
Comment
Activities
Activities (Line)
Activities (Routing)
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Dependent Tabs for Activities, Line Activities, and Routing Activities Tab Strips (Single Explosion)
Tab
Comment
Modes
Components
Activity relationships
Normal/line/routing depending on activity type above and only if tab above is not a
relationships tab
Selection conditions
PP/DS only
Procedures
PP/DS only
PP/DS only
Comment
Line assignments
Capacity requirements
Comment
Activities
Comment
Reporting points
Comment
Capacity requirements
Reporting points
Selection conditions
Procedures
iPPE only
Dependent Tabs for Capacity Requirements Tab Strip [except if tab above is routing activities / matrix explosion)
Tab
Comment
iPPE only
If the drill-down path to the capacity requirements starts at the operations or activity
relationships, the paths are as follows:
Operations Activities Modes Capacity Requirements .
Activity Relationships Activities Modes Capacity Requirements
In this case, all four tab strip levels are used up and it is not possible to drill into the time
dependent parameters. (It is possible, if the path starts with the Activities tab.)
Icons
Display Production Data Structures uses certain icons in a unique manner. Those instances are explained below.
Functions of PDS Icons>
Icon
Use
Denotes one of the following functions, depending on where it is used:
Display production data structure
Open next detail level
Show sub-operations/secondary resources
Show component (phantom assemblies)
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T o choose more than one row in detail levels of the screen, you must first select the
rows, then use
the information.
Use
The PDS is configured with this configuration.
The characteristics have changed since the last configuration.
Configuration is not yet applied to the PDS.
Use
Apply configuration
Reject configuration
Load configuration
The icons below apply to the o bject dependency tabs (selection conditions / procedures).
Icons for Object Dependency Tabs
Icon
Use
Page forward (either to the next object dependency within a component, an operation, an
activity, or a mode; or to the object dependency of the next component, operation, activity,
or mode)
Page backward (either to the prior object dependency within a component, an object, an
activity, or a mode; or to the object dependency of the prior component, operation, activity,
or mode)
The icons below allow you to manipulate the size of the various screen areas.
Screen Sizing Icons
Icon
Use
Increase Gradually
Allows you to expand the adjacent screen area by clicking the button repeatedly.
Decrease Gradually
Allows you to shrink the adjacent screen area by clicking the button repeatedly. You can
cause the screen to disappear entirely by repeatedly clicking the button.
Focus on area
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Expands the adjacent screen area to consume most of the screen. It also shrinks screen
areas above the focus area to minimal size, and drops screen areas below the focus area
entirely.
Size Adjustment-Off
System automatically resizes screen areas (resizing is turned on.) By selecting
button, you turn resizing to off.
Size Adjustment-On
Screen areas are not resized automatically (resizing is turned off). By selecting button,
you turn resizing to on.
See also
Simulating a Production Data Structure
Selecting a Production Data Structure
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Prerequisites
If you want to simulate a configuration, the PDS to be simulated must contain a configurable material.
If you want to simulate a new status, your iPPE data must have changed since the original PDS was created.
Activities
Initiating a Simulation
There are two ways to initiate a status simulation:
1. Chose an existing PDS on the results list and then choose
2. Initiate the simulation from iPPE.
( Simulate).
Before you can simulate using Display Production Data Structures, a PDS must exist for the relevant iPPE data.
You simulate statuses of a PDS based on variations in explosion date,. configuration, or new iPPE data. Your procedure varies slightly depending on the
basis of your simulation.
If you are performing a simulation for a specific explosion date, enter the date in the Explosion Date column of the results list and choose
( Enter).
If you are performing a simulation for a specific configuration, select the Configuration tab, change or enter the new values, and choose
Configuration) .
(Apply
(Simulate) in the desired row of the results list, or simulate a production version from iPPE.
If you initiate the simulation from iPPE, the system searches for the original PDS in addition to simulating a new PDS based on current iPPE data.
It then displays both the original and the simulated PDS in the results list and automatically explodes the simulated PDS.
Configuration
Configuration allows you to assign values to certain characteristics of configurable materials.
You may wish to simulate a PDS based on different configurations (sets of values assigned to your configurable materials). You can do this simulation using an
existing PDS, or using a simulated PDS. This capability allows you to test and troubleshoot the configuration of a product.
To maintain configuration in Display Production Data Structures , you access the functionality on the Configuration tab of the first level of detail for your PDS.
When you change configuration, you use the icons in the table below.
Configuration Icons
Icon
Use
Use Apply Configuration to activate the new configuration for your PDS when you enter
a new configuration, or change an existing configuration.
Use Reject Configuration to reset the data in the configuration table to whatever it
started with, and to remove the configuration from the PDS.
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Use Configuration from Order to retrieve a configuration from an order and load those
values into your configuration table. Configuration from Order does not apply the
retrieved configuration. After the configuration is retrieved, you must change it and apply
it or apply it as is for the configuration to take effect.
Explosion Date
The explosion date allows you to look at the PDS at a point in time. It controls which components, activities, and so on are selected based on their validity
periods.
You enter an explosion date for a PDS to restrict the display for the components, modes, activities, and so on that are valid for this day. You can enter the
explosion date in the selection screen, or enter or change it in the results list. Normally, the field is blank unless you enter a value, or unless a value is transferred
from the selection screen or from an order.
See Selecting a Production Data Structure for examples of using the explosion date.
See Also
Display Production Data Structures
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All the examples below assume a PDS with iPPE data. PDSs generated from R/3 data do not have statuses, however, the validity dates still
apply.
The figures in the cases below illustrate an example where you have a database containing four validity periods for one PDS ( 1.x, 2.x, 3.x, and 4.x). In addition
to having a validity period, every PDS can have one or more statuses, identified here by the number after the decimal point. For example. validity period 1 has
status 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3. Each status is a different iteration of the PDS using data from different dates (1/15, 1/23, 2/8, and so on).
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Results List
Reference box in graph
Valid from
Valid to
Explosion Date
Created on
Obsolete Status
1.3
1.2, 1.1
2.2
Apr 1, 2005
Feb. 8, 2004
2.1
3.1
Apr. 1, 2002
4.1
Obsolete Status.
Results List
Reference box in graph
Valid from
Valid to
Explosion Date
Created on
Obsolete Status
1.3
1.2, 1.1
2.2
Apr. 1, 2005
Feb. 8, 2004
2.1
3.1
Apr. 1, 2002
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Results List
Reference box in graph
Valid from
Valid to
Explosion Date
Created on
2.2
Apr. 1, 2005
Jan. 1, 2005
Feb. 8, 2004
This date is transferred from
the selection and used to
explode the PDS.
Obsolete Status
2.1
Obsolete Status). Status 1.3 is not selected because at the time the order was
Since you are using an order in this example, the system shows you the status that is automatically used for backflushing. There maybe newer
statuses of that PDS that do not display on the screen. If we were not using an order, the system would show us the newest status, which is not
necessarily the one used for backflushing. In this case, you could manually search for the correct status.
This concern might arise, for example, if you are troubleshooting the backflushing of an order.
Results List
Reference box in graph
Valid from
Valid to
Explosion Date
Created on
1.2
Feb. 1, 2004
Jan. 23, 1004
This date is transferred from
the order and used to
explode the PDS.
Obsolete Status
1.1
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Modes Tab
Mode
Duration
Valid from
Valid to
30 min
Mar. 7, 2005
25 min
Mar. 7, 2005
If you entered an explosion date of Feb. 1, 2004 you would only see one line, as illustrated below:
Modes Tab
Mode
Duration
Valid from
Valid to
Mode
Duration
30 min
Mar. 7, 2005
30 min
See also
Display Production Data Structures
Simulating a Production Data Structure
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Features
You can define for which applications (Demand Planning, Supply Network Planning, Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling) you wish to delete the
selected PDS.
You can define if the selected PDS is deleted for all models or only in specific planning versions.
You can further restrict the type of PDS that is deleted depending on where the PDS master data originated from (iPPE master data or R/3 master data).
You can also simulate deletion for a PDS generated from iPPE data to check if the PDS is still being used in orders. To do this, set the Simulate indicator.
If the PDS is still being used in orders, it is not deleted. If the PDS is still being used in orders, you may delete it by setting the Delete PDS Despite Usage
indicator.
Activities
1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Production Data Structure (PDS) Delete
Production Data Structure .
The Delete Production Data Structures screen appears.
2. Enter the product and the location, and specify the name of the production version in the Source of Supply field in SAP APO.
3. Select the usage for which you want to delete the PDS.
4. Specify if the PDS is deleted for all models or only in specific planning versions.
5. Under Mast. Data Type , specify the type of master data for the PDS that is to be deleted; further restrict the selection under Options iPPE and Options
R/3 .
6. Choose Execute .
The Logs screen appears. Here, the system lists the messages that were output when deleting the PDS.
If you wish to delete production versions that originate from SAP R/3, proceed as follows:
Delete the production version in SAP R/3. Start the change transfer for the PDS.
The source of supply in SAP APO and the relevant PDS are deleted.
If orders exist in SAP APO, then the production version in SAP R/3 is deleted. However, the source of supply and relevant PDS are not deleted
in SAP APO.
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You can use iPPE to document data, and later re-use and update it, from early phases of the research and development process for a product. You can represent
a complete production model because Integrated Product and Process Engineering allows you to keep the master data for BOMs, routings, and line design in one
model. It is particularly suited to repetitive manufacturing.
You maintain the data in a functional structure, which you fill with more data at later stages in the product development, thus representing the whole product life
cycle.
There is an interface for connecting time analysis products to the iPPE routing (process structure). You can determine processing times and transfer these times to
Integrated Product and Process Engineering.
Integration
You require the following mySAP.com components to use Integrated Product and Process Engineering:
Engineering Change Management (ECM)
Classification System
Variant Configuration
You must install the iPPE component and maintain the data in order to plan material requirements with the Rapid Planning Matrix (RPM). For further information on
the above-mentioned components, see Variant Configuration, Classification System, and Engineering Change Management.
Features
The product variant structure and assemblies can be used to maintain BOM data for configurable and non-configurable materials.
You can use the process structure to maintain routing data.
Line design can be used to maintain the structure and setup of your production lines.
You can use Engineering Change Management to edit PVS variants and modes. When you use ECM, the system can make operational use of different
change statuses. When you do not use ECM, there is exactly one valid status for each object in the system.
Material requirements planning with the RPM in the SAP Advanced Planner and Optimizer (SAP APO) is based on the master data from iPPE.
The product variant structure and the iPPE routing can be maintained as functional structures when you begin to develop a product. It is not necessary to
assign precise materials or activities, for example, at this stage. They can be added to the model at a later phase in product development.
You can use the network graphic to display a model from Integrated Product and Process Engineering as a graphic.
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1.6 Hierarchy
Definition
Hierarchies serve to depict hierarchical relationships between the master data objects of an object type. Hierarchies are based on hierarchy structures and can
be created, changed, and deleted in the course of hierarchy maintenance.
Hierarchies can be formed from the following master data object types:
Location
You can define a
transportation zone hierarchy for locations, for example.
Product
A hierarchy of this master data type might consist of product family, product group, and product, for example.
Location product
Hierarchies for location products can be generated from location hierarchies and product hierarchies (generated hierarchy). Manually maintained location
product hierarchies can be set up on a cross-location basis.
Resource
Similar resources can be combined to form a resource group. The resources can be planned individually but can be used as a resource group in the
production process model (PPM). This facilitates a rough capacity check in the entire supply chain.
Production process model (PPM)/product data structure (PDS)
A hierarchy for a PPM or a PDS might consist of a PPM for a product group and a PPM for a product, for instance.
A master data object can occur in different hierarchies.
For more information, see Hierarchy Structure and Maintain Hierarchy.
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Hierarchy
Generated hierarchy
Schema hierarchy
Extended Hierarchy
Use
Hierarchy structures are necessary prerequisites for the creation of hierarchies. Each hierarchy is based on a hierarchy structure.
You define hierarchy structures in the mySAP SCM Implementation Guide under Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Hierarchy
Define Hierarchy Structure . For more information, see the documentation on this IMG activity.
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Hierarchical
You can create hierarchies for the following master data objects:
Product
A hierarchy of this master data type might consist of product family product group product.
Location product
Hierarchies of this master data type combine location hierarchies with product hierarchies. Location product hierarchies can be cross-location.
Location
For this master data type, you could define a customer hierarchy containing customer groups with different customers. This could obviate the need for singleitem planning.
Resource
Similar resources can be combined to form a resource group. The resources can be planned individually but can be used as a resource group in the
production process model (PPM). This facilitates a rough capacity check in the entire supply chain.
Production process model (PPM)/production data structure (PDS)
A hierarchy for a PPM or a PDS might consist of a PPM for a product group and a PPM for a product, for instance.
A master data object can occur in different hierarchies.
Prerequisites
You have created a hierarchy structure in Customizing.
Procedure
Create and Change Hierarchies
1. From the SAP APO Easy Access Men, choose Master Data Hierarchy Maintain Hierarchy .
2. Enter the name of the hierarchy you wish to create or change. You are now in hierarchy maintenance mode.
3. Create a new hierarchy by adding additional subnodes (i.e. master data objects) to the uppermost node. The number of hierarchy levels available depends
on the hierarchy structure used.
You can change already existing hierarchies by adding, changing, or deleting nodes.
You can also transfer the nodes of a hierarchy in the fast entry facility by double-clicking. Here you can change, insert, or delete the master data
objects of the next lower level and adopt these changes in the hierarchy via the Transfer button.
Copy Hierarchies
You can copy an existing hierarchy. However, the subnodes are not copied at the same time. In hierarchy maintenance mode, choose Change and enter the
relevant data in the Copy Hierarchy dialog box.
Delete Hierarchy
To delete an existing hierarchy, choose Delete Hierarchy in the same menu path.
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Definition
The schema hierarchy is a hierarchy structure category that differs from the structure category hierarchy in the assignment of the level numbers.
Use
Level number in the case of the structure category hierarchy
The levels are pulled in numerical order. The number itself has a meaning.
Level number in the case of the structure category schema hierarchy
The level number in case of these hierarchies is a designation that does not contain the numerical order of the levels but has significance as a number per se.
The specified value of the level number stands for the number of characters that defines the object of the level:
Level number
Number of characters
Object
Level 1: 3
3 characters
AAA
Level 2: 5
5 characters
AAA BB
Level 3: 9
9 characters
AAA BB CCCC
Note that the characters of the object at the upper level must be replicated at a subordinate level so that the assignment can be recognized. Level 2 objects with
the designation AA1 BB, for example, cannot be assigned here to a higher level.
Unlike hierarchy structures, the digit here has both a classification and semantic significance.
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Use
You can use an extended hierarchy if a hierarchy node is to be assigned to several parent nodes. However, the node that is assigned multiple times must always
be assigned at the same hierarchy level.
An extended hierarchy can make sense in processes of transportation planning/vehicle scheduling (TP/VS), for example, in which a plant delivers materials to a
customer and several alternative itineraries involving different transshipment locations (such as ports) are available. In this case, you can use an extended
hierarchy to assign a plant (hierarchy level 2) to several transshipment locations (hierarchy level 1), for example.
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each other.
For more information, see External Procurement Relationship.
You can also assign an external procurement relationship to a transportation lane manually. For example, for subcontracting with components provided by a third
party, you have to manually create the transportation lane from the supplier to the subcontractor in SAP APO.
See also:
Structure
A transportation lane is specified more exactly by the following:
The products that can be procured via this transportation lane
The means of transport that can be used for transporting the products being procured
You can create a transportation lane as follows:
For a specific product
For a product group
This option is displayed only if you have defined at least one product group in Customizing for the product master.
For all products
For a specific mass selection
Note that you can only use mass selection for products that exist at both the start and destination locations.
Product Procurement Parameters
The parameters for product procurement enable the system to find the valid sources of supply in the source determination process, for example.
Means of Transport
Means of transport are used to move goods between the locations of a transportation lane. The term covers trucks, ships, aircraft etc. You assign means of
transport to a transportation lane and specify the associated parameters such as the transportation duration, transportation distance, and transportation costs. The
system can also calculate the straight line distance (as the crow flies) from the geographical coordinates of the location. If multiple means of transport are assigned
to a transportation lane, the SNP optimizer can decide which one to choose on the basis of the transportation duration, transportation costs, and penalty costs for
delays.
Product-Specific Transportation
You can assign a product-specific means of transport to one or more products. You must have already defined this means of transport in the means of transport
list.
You can assign the means of transport as follows:
You can assign a specific means of transport or all available means of transport to a product.
To do so, you select a product from the Product Procurement list and choose the Create button in the Product-specific Means of Transport list.
You can assign one product or all existing products to a means of transport.
To do so, you select a means of transport from the Means of Transport list and choose the Create icon in the Product-specific Means of Transport list.
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Prerequisites
You have transferred the following data from the SAP R/3 system using CIF:
For transportation lanes with reference to R/3 purchasing data:
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Features
Transportation Lanes with Reference to R/3 Purchasing Data
If you have transferred purchasing data from the SAP R/3 system, the SAP APO system automatically creates external procurement relationships for the
products concerned.
For more information, see Processing an External Procurement Relationship.
For example, if the external procurement relationship contains an info record that has a vendor as the source location and a plant as the destination location, the
system creates a corresponding transportation lane running from the vendor location to the plant location.
The system links the external procurement relationship with the transportation lane. This transportation lane contains the following product procurement data:
Validity period
Form of procurement
Source of supply type
Purchasing document number
Purchasing document item
Purchasing organization
Planned delivery time
Goods receipt time
When the material master record is transferred from the SAP R/3 system to the SAP APO system, if there is already a manually created
transportation lane with exactly the same supplying plant and receiving plant combination, this is kept and no new transportation lane is created.
Change of Supplying Plant in the Special Procurement Type
In the SAP R/3 system, if you have changed the supplying plant in the special procurement type, the SAP APO system creates a new transportation lane for the
new supplying plant (from special procurement type) and material/plant combination. The already existing transportation lane and now invalid combination
between supplying plant and receiving plant in the R/3 system is locked for orders in the SAP APO system. This can be recognized by the lock indicator X that
is set by the system.
Removal of Special Procurement Type from the Material Master Record
If you have removed the special procurement type from the material master record in the SAP R/3 system, the SAP APO system locks the already created
transportation lane so that it cannot be used in orders.
Inclusion in Source Determination
If transportation lanes (that were generated or manually created when purchasing data was transferred from the SAP R/3 system) already exist in the SAP APO
system, the SAP APO system takes these transportation lanes into account when determining sources of supply. In this instance, the transportation lanes that
were automatically generated from the SAP R/3 material master are not taken into account.
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Activities
You can display and edit automatically created transportation lanes by choosing this SAP Easy Access menu path: Master Data -> Transportation Lanes .
You can go directly from the transportation lane to its associated external procurement relationship by choosing Goto -> External Procurement Rel.
You can go directly from the transportation lane to its associated sales scheduling agreement by choosing Goto -> Sales Scheduling Agreements.
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Prerequisites
Create and assign locations to the model.
Procedure
To create a lane directly on the map in the Supply Chain Engineer, follow this procedure:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Go to the SAP Easy Access menu and access your supply chain model in Change mode.
From the map menu bar, select the Transportation Lane toggle.
Select the source location on the map.
Position your mouse over the source location, choose the left-hand mouse button, hold, and go to the destination location. Release the mouse button.
The Create transportation lane screen is displayed.
5. Choose the Header Data button. The detail view appears on the right. The General data section is populated with the names of the source and destination
locations.
6. Enter a description and transportation planner (optional).
7. Maintain the procurement options and means of transport for the lane as described in the Maintaining Transportation Lanes topic.
To create a lane as a stand-alone transaction:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Master Data Transportation Lanes .
Enter the model name.
Enter the source and destination locations.
Choose the Create icon.
Continue as described in steps 5 and 6 above.
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Structure
The Transportation lane maintenance screen consists of a header control and several tables, plus an optional detail view for maintenance.
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Tables
Header data
Product-specific transportation methods
External carrier assignment
Lane overview
Transportation lane maintenance consists of 4 parts. The details are displayed
in the tables that appear in this screen. Each table has its own controls with
standard functionality. The tables include:
product procurement
transportation methods
product-specific transportation methods OR external carrier assignment
To save space, these two tables replace each other. You can toggle back and forth
between them using the header icons.
You can open the detail view of a table in the following ways:
click on the Create icon in the table control header
double click on a selected row in the table
select a row and click on the Detail icon in the table control header
Close the detail view using one of the icons at the top of the screen:
close screen (without copying data)
copy data (copy data into the maintenance table on the left)
copy and close (copy data into the maintenance table on the left and
close the parameter maintenance screen)
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Validity period
Minimum and maximum lot sizes
Purchase costs of a unit
Priorities
Cost function
Procurement method
Prerequisite
Create transportation lanes
Maintain product master data
Assign products to location
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Procedure
1. From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Master Data Transportation Lanes . Enter the model name, the source location, and the destination location of
the transportation lane for which you want to maintain product procurement. OR choose a lane in the map display of the Supply Chain Engineer in Change
mode and open (or double-click on) the context menu.
2. Choose Edit.
The Change Transportation Lane screen appears.
3. Choose the Create icon in the Product Procurement table header for new product procurements OR choose the line containing the product you want to
maintain, and double-click on it.
The Product Procurement detail view appears on the right.
4. Maintain the following parameters:
When you choose the Create icon, you have three options in the right-hand screen:
Enter the start and end date of the period for this product procurement
Lot sizes
Enter the minimum and maximum lot sizes. If you do not make an entry here, the
product procurement covers all lot sizes.
Procurement costs
Enter the product procurement costs per base unit at the procurement point.
Priority
Cost function
Lock indicator
Set this indicator if you want to lock (block) the source for orders.
Form of procurement
Standard
Subcontracting
Consignment
Assign procurement relationship
This optional activity is possible only in the active model. It allows you to assign R/3
orders to products. Procurement relationships are maintained in the procurement
master data.
5. Use one of the icons at the top of the detail view to end this transaction:
Close (without copying data)
Adopt (the data is copied into the maintenance table on the left)
Adopt and close (the data is copied into the left-hand table and parameter maintenance is closed)
6. To delete an entry from the Product Procurement table, select the product and choose Delete .
7. To open the detail view, choose the Detail icon.
Result
If you chose a copy option in step 7, you can now maintain the product procurement attributes in the Product Procurement table.
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Prerequisites
You have defined at least one product group type in Customizing for the product master under Product Groups Define Product Group Types .
You have defined at least one product group for this product group type in Customizing for the product master under Product Groups Define Product
Groups .
You have set the Relevant to Transportation Lanes indicator for a product group type in Customizing for the product master under Product Groups Define
Product Group Types . This product group type is displayed on the maintenance screen for transportation lanes.
If you have not set this indicator, the system does not show the Product Group Type and Product Group fields on the maintenance screen for transportation
lanes.
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Activities
Maintain a product group for a transportation lane on the maintenance screen for transportation lanes. The transportation lane is automatically valid for all the
products of this product group.
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Prerequisite
You created transportation lanes.
You have maintained the product master data.
You have created a means of transport in Customizing for the APO master data under Transportation Lane Create Means of Transport .
Procedure
1. From the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Master Data Transportation Lanes .
2. Enter a model name for the source and destination location of the transportation lane for which you want to maintain a means of transport.
3. Choose Edit.
The Change Transportation Lane screen appears.
4. In the Means of Transport table, choose Create OR choose the line containing the means of transport that you want to maintain by double-clicking on it.
The means of transport maintenance screen appears.
Maintain the following settings:
Validity
Enter the start and end date of the period to which this parameter relates.
Control Indicator
All products
If you want this means of transport for which procurement has been defined to apply. If
this indicator is not set, the means of transport applies only to those products that have
been explicitly assigned to the means of transport.
For more information on the effects of setting this indicator, see also: Validity of Product
Procurement and Means of Transport
Aggregated planning
If the means of transport is valid for aggregated planning. For example, for Network
Design or Supply Network Planning
Detailed planning
Parameters
Resource
Means of transport costs
TLB profile
Transportation time rounding
Cost function
Note
The duration of transportation is specified in hours and minutes (for example: 12:22) and
refers to the net duration (i.e. the actual time in motion). Bucket-oriented planning
applications such as SNP calculate the gross duration using the following formula:
Net duration divided by average working time, or time in motion, for example the
number of hours driven in one day.
Gross duration of transportation refers to the time between arrival and departure.
Short text
Use one of the icons at the top of the maintenance view to exit this transaction:
Close (without copying data)
Adopt (the data is copied into the maintenance table on the left)
Adopt and Close (the data is copied into the left-hand table and parameter maintenance is closed)
5. To delete an entry from the Means of Transport table, select the means of transport and choose Delete .
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Result
If you chose the Adopt option in step 5, you can now maintain the attributes directly in the Means of Transport table.
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Prerequisites
You have installed the GIS tool and connected it to the IGS (see also:
In Customizing, you have set usage of the GIS tool for these clients. For more information, see the my SAP SCM Implementation Guide (IMG), following this menu
path: Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Transportation Lane Set Usage of GIS Tool .
In Customizing, you have activated the IGS connection for the relevant means of transport. You have made the following entries: A low speed (for traveling in
towns, for instance), a medium speed (on country roads, for instance), and a high speed (on a highway, for instance). For more information, see the SAP APO
implementation guide (IMG), following this menu path: SAP Advanced Planner and Optimizer (SAP APO) Supply Chain Engineer (SCE) Maintain Means
of Transport .
The different speeds are transferred to the GIS tool automatically during the calculation. Note that if you have not entered anything in these fields,
the system will not be able to also calculate a duration time for you or will use a standard value for the duration time. When selecting the GIS tool,
you should make sure that it is also capable of managing three speeds.
To access the GIS data quickly when using generated transportation lanes (transportation zones), you have to make a preselection of this data in background
processing. To make this preselection, choose the following SAP menu path: Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Transportation Lane
Preselection of GIS Data . For more information, see transportation zones (below):
Process Flow
The system processes the general search sequence as follows:
1. If something has been selected already, that is processed.
2. For individual maintenance, if nothing has yet been selected, connection to the IGS is set up and the data is recalculated.
3. If the IGS does not exist or no duration time or distance has been calculated, the straight line distance is calculated (as the bird flies).
You can determine duration times and transportation lane distances as follows:
When individually maintaining a lane
By using mass maintenance
By maintaining transportation zones
Mass Maintenance
It would be advisable to use mass maintenance if you want to calculate the duration time and distance of multiple transportation lanes between multiple locations.
1. Create multiple transportation lanes (see also: Creating Multiple Lanes).
2. When running mass maintenance, the system starts job SAP_TRM_UPD_TRDIDUPS.
The job then attempts to get the IGS to calculate the distances and duration times for all means of transport in the transportation lane.
Note that if the IGS connection fails, an error message is displayed in the job log and the system calculates the straight line distance.
If background processing is canceled, you can restart posting for the non-posted data. To do this, choose the following SAP menu path: Advanced
Planning and Optimization Master Data Transportation Lane Post GIS Data Retroactively .
Transportation Zones
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Using the IGS to determine distances and duration times is very time-consuming. Therefore, if you are performing this type of calculation, you should be sure of
the following information:
Which transportation zones you want to process.
The locations between which you want to interactively create transportation lanes.
For more information about transportation zones, see Defining Transportation Zone Hierarchies.
1. Choose the following SAP menu path: Advanced Planning and Optimization Master Data Transportation Lane Preselection of GIS Data .
2. Enter the job name.
3. Use the following areas to restrict the values for the transportation lane:
Model/work area
Location
Hierarchy
4. Choose whether you want the selection to be performed with the following setting:
Existing transportation lane
Generated transportation lane
For this selection, restrict the value range exactly to connections for transportation lanes that are used interactively. Otherwise, the quantity
calculated could be too large.
5. Select the means of transport
6. Define the start date and time.
7. The system then generates the job.
You can find this job again using the start date and time that you specified.
If you wish to delete the preselected data again; because you have connected a different GIS tool for instance, choose the following SAP menu path: Advanced
Planning and Optimization Master Data Transportation Lane Reorganize Preselection .
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Prerequisites
Procedure
1. Access the Transportation Lane Maintenance screen in Change mode.
2. Choose the Product Procurement table. In the Product Procurement table, select the product you want to assign to a means of transport by clicking in the
selection box at the beginning of the line. The entire row is highlighted.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Products can only be assigned individually or using the mass selection button. It is not possible to assign a means of transport to an All products
entry.
From the Product Procurement table header, choose the icon : Assign Transportation method to Product .
OR select a means of transport from the Means of Transport table and choose the Assign product to means of transport icon .
Choose the Create icon. The detail view for assigning products to means of transport appears on the right.
Maintain as described in the table below.
Use one of the icons at the top of the Quota Items maintenance screen to end this transaction:
Close the screen (without copying data)
Copy
Copy and close (the data is copied and the maintenance screen is closed)
Use the selection icon in the detail screen to choose a valid means of transport.
Use the selection icon in the detail screen to choose a valid source for transportation.
Results from the overlap between the validity dates for the product and the means of
transport
Set this indicator if the means of transport is not authorized for this product.
For more information about the effects of setting this indicator, see the topic: Validity of
Product Procurement and Means of Transport
Parameters
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Result
If you chose a copy option in step 6, the product or means of transport assignment appears in the table.
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Prerequisites
You have maintained transportation service providers in the location master.
Procedure
1. Access the Transportation Lane Maintenance screen in Change mode.
2. In the Means of Transpor t table, choose the means of transport to which you want to assign external transportation service providers. The entire row is
highlighted.
3. Choose the Assignment of Transportation Service Provider icon
The External Transportation Service Provider Assignment screen is displayed and replaces the lower table.
4. Choose the Create icon in the External Transportation Service Provider Assignment screen.
The detail screen for assigning transportation service providers is displayed on the right.
5. Maintain as described in the table below.
6. Use one of the icons at the top of the Quota Items maintenance screen to end this transaction:
Close the screen (without copying data)
Copy data (copy to the right-hand side of the external transportation service provider assignment screen)
Copy and close (the data is copied and the maintenance screen is closed)
Choose a transportation service provider or select one from the input help .
Parameters
Result
If you chose a copy option in step 6, the transportation service provider assignment appears in the table.
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Prerequisites
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Procedure
To create multiple lanes in the Supply Chain Engineer, you simply copy an existing lane to use as a template for the new ones.
1. Access your model in the Supply Chain Engineer in Change mode. Open the Transportation Lane tab page in the left-hand panel.
2. Use the right-hand mouse button on the tree header and choose: Transportation lanes
3. From the context menu, choose Mass Generation .
The Mass Creation of Transportation Lanes screen is displayed.
To create multiple lanes as a stand-alone transaction, from the SAP Easy Access menu, choose Master Data Mass Creation of Transportation Lanes.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Enter the source location and destination locations of the lane you want to use as a template.
Enter the source and destination locations for the new lanes. You can also enter a range of locations. See example below.
Maintain any other applicable selection criteria such as location type, maximum distance, or minimum distance.
Choose Execute.
Result
The system creates new lanes between all the specified locations. Each new lane is an exact copy of the template, thus individual maintenance may be required.
However, product procurement entries are only copied if the product exists at both locations. In order to maintain the settings for product procurement and means of
transport, see Transportation Lane Maintenance.
If the lanes are created in the stand-alone transaction, they are saved directly to the database and appear in the model the next time the Supply
Chain Engineer is accessed. If the lanes are created in the Supply Chain Engineer, they are only saved to the database when the model itself is
saved.
Example
Creating Multiple Lanes
Model name:
Model X
Copy from:
Source location A
Destination location B
All plants
Destination locations:
Minimum distance:
100 km
Maximum distance:
1000 km
The system creates lanes between all the plants in the specified region and all distribution centers that are more than 100 km and less than 1000 km away. The
new lanes are replicas of transportation lane AB in model X.
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