UNED TUDELA

CUID INGLS A2 UNIT 2.3 5.2 11.1

PRESENT PERFECT
A.- FORMA
El Present Perfect se construye con el auxiliar have / has + participio de
pasado. El participio vara segn sea el verbo regular o irregular.
1.- Verbos regulares
En los verbos regulares el participio se forma aadiendo la terminacin ED al
infinitivo sin to

Verbo en infinitivo sin to + ED

E.g.: She has played the guitar for 10 years = Ha tocado la guitarra durante10
aos
E.g.: They have studied English in USA = Han estudiado ingls en EE.UU.
Hay que tener en cuenta las reglas a la hora de aadir ED al verbo. Son las
mismas que se aplican en el Past Simple.
2.- Verbos irregulares
Los verbos irregulares tienen su propia forma propia en el participio de pasado.
No forman el pasado aadiendo ED al verbo. Ejemplos:
Infinitive
Do
Have
Read
Go
Get

Participle
done
had
read
gone
got

Infinitive
meet
Buy
See
come
make

Participle
met
bought
seen
come
made

E.g.: He has made a big mistake.

E.g.: Peter has lost their keys at work.
E.g.: I have broken my leg.

AFFIRMATIVE
SUBJECT
He /she/ it
I / you / we / they

AUXILIARY
Has
Have

VERB
Past Participle
Past Participle

E.g.: I have met a famous person.

E.g.: We have spoken to him.
E.g.: They have started a new business.
jlasheras@tudela.uned.es

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UNED TUDELA

CUID INGLS A2 UNIT 2.3 5.2 11.1

NEGATIVE
En la forma negativa al igual que en la interrogativa no hay que aadir ningn
auxiliar al tener ya el auxiliar have / has.
SUBJECT
He /she/ it
I / you / we / they

AUXILIARY
Has not / hasnt
Have not / havent

VERB
Past Participle
Past Participle

E.g.: I havent been to New York.

E.g.: She hasnt typed the letter yet.
E.g.: They havent attended classes regularly.

QUESTIONS
AUXILIARY
Has
Have

SUBJECT
he /she/ it
I / you / we / they

VERB
Past Participle?
Past Participle?

E.g.: Have you ever been to Moscow?

E.g.: Have they found a new flat?
E.g.: Have you ever written a poem?
B. USOS
Los usos de este tiempo verbal en ingls difieren bastante con los usos en
castellano:
Para describir acciones que empiezan en el pasado y continan hasta el
presente
E:g.: This morning I havent drunk coffee.
E.g.: Where have you been? I have been very worried.
Con este uso suele ir acompaado de SINCE y FOR. SINCE se utiliza para
un punto de tiempo y FOR para un periodo de tiempo.
E.g.: I have lived in this house for years. (period of time) (vive todava all)
E.g.: She has written her several e-mails since September. (point of time)
Para acciones en el pasado sin especificar cundo han ocurrido.
E.g.: They have been to London several times. (when?)
Para acciones recientes. En este uso puede ir acompaado de:
JUST: se puede traducir por acabar de
E.g.: Tom has just read the exercise = Tom acaba de leer el ejercicio
ALREADY: en frases afirmativas. Se coloca delante del participio.
E.g.: This author has already written two books.
YET: en frases negativas o interrogativas. Se coloca al final de la frase.
E.g.: Have you passed your driving license yet?
E.g.: He hasnt seen the movie yet
jlasheras@tudela.uned.es

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