Da 15 132a1

Federal Communications Commission
DA 15-132
Before the
Washington, D.C. 20554
In the Matter of
International Comparison Requirements Pursuant
to the Broadband Data Improvement Act
International Broadband Data Report
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GN Docket No. 14-126
FOURTH REPORT
Adopted: January 29, 2015
Released: February 4, 2015
By the Chief, International Bureau:

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Heading
Paragraph #
I. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................. 1
II. BACKGROUND.................................................................................................................................... 2
III. DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................................................... 11
A. Fixed Broadband Coverage (European Union (EU) countries) ..................................................... 12
B. Broadband Subscription (OECD Countries).................................................................................. 19
C. Fixed Broadband Speeds................................................................................................................ 23
D. Broadband Pricing Plans................................................................................................................ 29
E. Other Relevant Information and International Developments ....................................................... 42
IV. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................... 61
V. PROCEDURAL MATTERS................................................................................................................ 62
APPENDIX A: Country List
APPENDIX B: Broadband Price Dataset
APPENDIX C: Broadband Price Discussion and Tables
APPENDIX D: Demographics Dataset
APPENDIX E: Market and Regulatory Background
APPENDIX F: Comparing International Fixed Broadband Speeds
APPENDIX G: Broadband Deployment (European Union (EU) countries)
I.
INTRODUCTION
1.
This is the International Bureaus fourth International Broadband Data Report (IBDR or
Report). Required under Section 103(b) of the Broadband Data Improvement Act (BDIA), the IBDR
provides comparative international information on broadband services. 1 Through the presentation of this
1
See 47 U.S.C. 1303(b).
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data, we have the opportunity to compare the state of broadband deployment in the United States and the
countrys broadband speeds and prices to the international community. International data can serve as
useful benchmarks for progress in fixed and mobile broadband deployment and accessibility. The
available international broadband data, though not fully comparable to data on the United States, continue
to suggest that the United States may lag behind a number of other developed countries with regard to
some broadband metrics, and leads in some other metrics. On the pages that follow and in the
appendices, we present a number of data points, including fixed broadband deployment data in the United
States and European Union (EU) with a focus on rural areas, advertised and actual fixed broadband
speeds in 40 countries around the world, including the United States, and broadband prices (both fixed
and mobile plans) across the same 40 countries.2 As with previous Reports, we also have gathered
demographic and regulatory/market data for the countries (to the extent available) included in this Report.
The majority of this information is presented in the appendices to this Report.
II.
BACKGROUND
2.
The BDIA requires the Commission to include in its annual broadband progress report
information comparing the extent of broadband service capability (including data transmission speeds
and price for broadband service capability) in a total of 75 communities in at least 25 countries for each of
the data rate benchmarks for broadband service utilized by the Commission to reflect different speed
tiers.3 The BDIA directs the Commission to assess broadband capability in international communities
comparable to the communities in the United States with respect to population size, population density,
topography, and demographic profile.4 The Commission is also directed to include a geographically
diverse selection of countries and communities including the capital cities of such countries.5 The
Commission must identify relevant similarities and differences in each community, including their
market structures, the number of competitors, the number of facilities-based providers, the types of
technologies deployed by such providers, the applications and services those technologies enable, the
regulatory model under which broadband service capability is provided, the types of applications and
services used, business and residential use of such services, and other media available to consumers.6
We comply with the BDIAs requirements, and include the highlights of our findings in this Report and
2
The countries we have selected for this Report are largely the same as those we included in the Third IBDR
(International Comparison Requirements Pursuant to the Broadband Data Improvement Act, International
Broadband Data Report, IB Docket No. 10-171, GN Docket 11-121, Third Report, 27 FCC Rcd 9884 (2012) (Third
IBDR)). We have included Brazil and India, two influential economies in their respective regions that have rapidly
growing broadband markets in this Report, and we have dropped three countries (Cyprus, Latvia and Romania),
which were only partially included in the Third IBDR price and speed data had not been collected for them
previously. The Third IBDR, released in 2012, presented mostly 2011 data. This report includes data from 2012
and 2013, as available (and 2014, with regard to certain broadband pricing data as well as market and regulatory
information).
3
47 U.S.C. 1303(b)(1). Several terms that we use in this Report, such as broadband, advanced
telecommunications capability, and availability may have specialized meanings in other contexts, and nothing in
this Report should be read to suggest that our use of terminology here is intended to affect the meanings of other
specialized terms in the context of the 2015 Broadband Progress Report or in other proceedings. See, e.g., Inquiry
Concerning the Deployment of Advanced Telecommunications Capability to All Americans in a Reasonable and
Timely Fashion, and Possible Steps to Accelerate Such Deployment Pursuant to Section 706 of the
Telecommunications Act of 1996, as Amended by the Broadband Data Improvement Act, GN Docket Nos. 14-126,
Broadband Progress Report and Notice of Inquiry on Immediate Action to Accelerate Deployment, FCC 15-10,
para. 1 note 1 (rel. Feb. 4, 2015) (2015 Broadband Progress Report). The 2015 Broadband Progress Report
incorporates by reference this IBDR to fulfill the obligation imposed by Section 103(b) of the BDIA.
4
Id. 1303(b)(2).
Id.
Id. 1303(b)(3).
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present the detailed data and additional discussion in the relevant appendices.
3.
In this Report, we focus our efforts on analysis of broadband deployment, speed, and
price research. Following past practice and the BDIAs goal of developing a geographically diverse and
detailed set of data on international broadband, we use two criteria to guide the selection of countries and
communities for our research. The first is inclusivity: We attempt to capture as full an international
profile as possible, embracing communities from all parts of the world, while also focusing on those
countries that have more developed broadband markets. The second is data availability: We include
only communities for which a substantial set of relevant information is available. These two criteria
result in a dataset that exceeds the statutory minimum requirements of 25 countries and 75 communities
comparable to U.S. communities, and includes communities from almost all nations with the most
broadband deployment.7
4.
The criteria we have used for choosing communities enable us to make reasonable
international comparisons. In instructing us to include a geographically diverse selection of countries,8
we do not believe that Congress intended for us to use a random sample of countries. Rather, the BDIA
requires the Commission to choose communities that are similar to U.S. communities, which suggests
communities with higher income and education levels, and better broadband service, than communities in
poorer, less developed countries. To that end, we have focused our research on 40 countries, including
the United States, all OECD countries, and two new countries, Brazil and India, which have growing
broadband (fixed and mobile) markets.9
5.
Comments and Data Sources. The 2015 Broadband Progress Notice of Inquiry sought
comment on how we could make improvements to the IBDR.10 Though we received no comments
regarding potential improvements to the IBDR, Professor Christopher Yoo of the University of
Pennsylvania submitted a research paper comparing United States and European broadband deployment
in 2011 and 2012.11
6.
As noted above, the BDIA requires that the Commission gather information concerning
the extent of broadband service capability (including data transmission speeds and price for broadband
service capability) in foreign communities.12 As in previous years, we understand the responsibility of
gathering information on the extent of broadband service capability to require an inquiry into the
deployment and availability of broadband service, which in turn includes factors such as price, quality,
7
There are some differences in the countries included for each dataset contained in this Report. Those differences
are primarily due to data availability. See Appendix A.
8
47 U.S.C. 1303(b)(2)(A).
See e.g., Mobile Data Use Doubles in India, Total Telecom, May 22, 2013, available at
http://www.totaltele.com/view.aspx?ID=481392; Brazil Hits 100mn Broadband Accesses Milestone in April, Says
Telebrasil and Telefonica Head, BNAmericas, May 23, 2013, available at
http://www.bnamericas.com/news/telecommunications/brazil-hits-100mn-broadband-accesses-milestone-in-aprilsays-telebrasil-and-telefonica-head.
10
Inquiry Concerning the Deployment of Advanced Telecommunications Capability to All Americans in a

Reasonable and Timely Fashion, and Possible Steps to Accelerate Such Deployment Pursuant to Section 706 of the
Telecommunications Act of 1996, as Amended by the Broadband Data Improvement Act, GN Docket No. 14-126,
Tenth Broadband Progress Notice of Inquiry, 29 FCC Rcd 9747, 9771, para. 51 (2014) (Tenth Broadband Progress
Notice of Inquiry).
11
Comments of Christopher S. Yoo, John H. Chestnut Professor of Law, Communication, and Computer &
Information Science, Founding Director of the Center for Technology, Innovation and Competition, University of
Pennsylvania. (Prof. Yoo comments).
12
47 U.S.C. 1303(b)(1).
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and adoption.13 In preparing this IBDR, we have reviewed a number of data sources and analyzed various
rankings that compare broadband deployment and service capability in the United States and other
countries.14
7.
With respect to broadband coverage and subscription, the best currently available data
comparing the United States to other countries is from the OECD, which collects data on broadband
deployment, subscription, and usage and publishes rankings of its respective member countries. The
European Union has published studies of fixed broadband coverage for 2011 and 2012. We compare this
broadband coverage information for the European Union with the United States, including coverage by
households and by rural and non-rural areas in Appendix G.
8.
To comply with the BDIAs requirement to present information on data transmission
speeds for broadband services, we use publicly available speed data sources and present our findings in
Appendix F. To present data on both advertised and actual broadband speeds in different countries, we
use the publicly available raw speed test data (for fixed broadband in 2012 and 2013) provided by Ookla,
proprietor of speedtest.net, on their Net Index site.15
9.
The previous IBDRs have compared broadband prices using exchange rates and
purchasing power parity (PPP), but previous inquiries also have raised the question of whether prices
should be compared to GDP per capita.16 In this Report, we continue to use exchange rate and PPP as the
bases for our price comparison.17 We find that a comparison of prices to GDP per capita could have some
value in demonstrating affordability across countries, but uneven income distribution might make
comparisons less valuable. Median household income may be a better measure, but lack of comparable
cross-country data prevents us from conducting such analysis.18 With respect to pricing plans, we present
data and discussion for broadband plans offered in 2012, 2013, and in some cases 2014, in Appendix C,
13
Cf. 2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 65, Section IV.A.
14
Differences between which countries are included for each dataset in this Report are primarily due to data
availability. See Appendix A infra.
15
See Appendix F for our discussion of the speed data.
16
International Comparison Requirements Pursuant to the Broadband Data Improvement Act, International
Broadband Data Report, IB Docket No. 10-171, Second Report, 26 FCC Rcd 7378, 7386 (2011) and Third IBDR,
27 FCC Rcd 9884, 9897. See also Inquiry Concerning the Deployment of Advanced Telecommunications Capability
to All Americans in a Reasonable and Timely Fashion, and Possible Steps To Accelerate Such Deployment Pursuant
to Section 706 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, as Amended by the Broadband Data Improvement Act, GN
Docket No. 12-228, Ninth Broadband Progress Notice of Inquiry, 27 FCC Rcd 10523, 10543, para. 53 (2012)
(Ninth Broadband Progress Notice of Inquiry) (describing Commission methodology for comparing broadband
prices and asking whether prices should be compared to GDP per capita). We note that no comments were filed in
response to the Ninth Broadband Notice of Inquirys questions about comparisons of broadband prices. In addition,
the Commission has not issued a Report arising out of the Ninth Broadband Notice of Inquiry.
17
For further discussion of PPP, see Appendix C.
18
With respect to available pricing data sources, we note that Google publishes open source broadband price data
(which includes both fixed and mobile prices for 106 countries). See Google, Policy by the Numbers,
http://policybythenumbers.blogspot.com/2014/03/international-broadband-pricing-study.html. We also note that
Google has recommended Commission use of this data in connection with the preparation of the FCCs IBDRs. See
Google Inc., reply comments at 2-3 filed in response to Ninth Broadband Progress Notice of Inquiry. Googles
extensive price data is gathered through provider website research, the same way that we have gathered data on
pricing plans for this Report. When we began researching prices for this Report in fall 2012, Googles price dataset
was already a few months older, and our own data provided more detailed information on bundle pricing and
promotional discounts than Googles dataset. We therefore continued with our original research. In the future,
however, provided that Googles dataset is updated on a cycle that corresponds with preparation for and release of
the IBDR, we may consider using Googles dataset as our primary source.
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for major fixed and mobile broadband providers (typically at least three of each) in each of the 40
countries.19 We provide the raw price data (consisting of price points for thousands of plans) in Appendix
B, available only online on the FCC website.
10.
Further, we present updated demographic data for the 39 surveyed foreign countries on a
sub-national basis, including the latest figures for such indicators as population size, population density,
gross domestic product (GDP), and educational attainment in Appendix D of this Report.20 Finally, we
provide a detailed update of regulatory and market developments since our last Report for the surveyed
countries in Appendix E.
III.
DISCUSSION
11.
In this section, we present highlights of our findings. Our full presentation and
discussion of the data, including tables, is in the relevant appendices.
A.
Fixed Broadband Coverage (European Union (EU) countries)
12.
In Appendix G, we compare broadband deployment in the United States and Europe21
and find that high-speed broadband, as defined below, is more widely deployed in the United States.
According to data from both 2011 and 2012, the broadband coverage gap between rural and non-rural
areas remains large across Europe and the United States.22
13.
Like the United States, the EU is tracking its progress in extending broadband coverage
to all of its citizens.23 One of the EUs Digital Agenda objectives is to provide Next Generation Access
(referred to herein as high-speed broadband), meaning broadband speeds of at least 30 Mbps, by 2020.24
19
We gathered information on prices and features from the providers websites (e.g., monthly fees, activation
charges, speeds, usage limits, promotional discounts, equipment charges) for stand-alone and bundled broadband
packages.
20
Using this sub-national data, one can draw comparisons across both international and domestic cities states and
regions. As is the case in the United States, intra-country variations are greater than the inter-country differences.
In particular, differences in population density, dispersion, and income may create significant variations. The lower
population density and greater size of the United States present unique challenges. We did not have sub-national
demographic data for Brazil, Hong Kong, India, and Singapore. See Appendix A. In this years Report we changed
the reported GDP data from current year dollars to a measure fixed in 2005 dollars. We made this change so that
historical data did not vary from year to year depending on changes in exchange rates.
21
The European study countries include Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland, plus the 28 EU member countries:
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Croatia, which joined the EU on July 1, 2013, is
included in the studys 2012 data but was not included in the studys 2011 data. As of July 1, 2013, the EU has 28
member countries with the accession of Croatia. As the European study was compiled prior to this date, for
purposes of this Fourth IBDR, EU countries refer to the then-existing 27 members plus the three additional countries
just noted.
22
In this Report, we compare 2011 and 2012 data on broadband coverage in the United States and in the EU
countries. As of November of 2014, the EU has not reported its 2013 coverage data. The most recent coverage data
in the United States, including the data for 2013, can be found in the 2015 Broadband Progress Report.
23
See 2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 6, Section I (we also separately conclude that broadband is not
being deployed in a reasonable and timely fashion because it is not yet available to the majority of rural and Tribal
Americans and not becoming available quickly enough).
24
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and
Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions A Digital Agenda for Europe, 2010, available at http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2010:0245:FIN:EN:PDF. Another Digital Agenda objective is
to provide all EU citizens with basic broadband coverage (at least 144 kbps download speed) by the end of 2013.
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For purposes of the comparison of high-speed broadband, we use the SBI25 speed data for 25 Mbps,
which most closely matches the 30 Mbps threshold in the European study.26 Despite this difference, we
think the comparison remains apt.27
14.
In 2013, the European Commission (EC) issued a study (EU study) on broadband
coverage in Europe in the years 2011 and 2012.28 The EU study includes 30 countries (EU study
countries) for 2011 and 31 countries for 2012 and data at a sub-national level corresponding to counties,
departments, or provinces.29 The sub-national data enable us to determine broadband capability in
international communities comparable to U.S. communities with respect to population size, population
density, topography, and demographic profile, as called for by the BDIA.30
15.
The 2011 and 2012 EU data show that, by the end of 2011, high-speed broadband was
available to just over 50 percent of those homes. By the end of 2012, high-speed broadband reached 54
percent of total households in the EU study countries. The study also shows that broadband coverage lags
in rural areas.31 At the end of 2011, in EU study rural areas, high-speed broadband reached only 9 percent
of total households.32 By the end of 2012, that number had increased to 12 percent. To reach the EUs
2020 goal, the EU study concludes that considerable investment in rural areas will still be necessary.33
16.
In the United States, different statistics are collected, but general comparisons can still be
made.34 In 2011, 72 percent of total U.S. households had high-speed broadband coverage. In 2012, highAppendix G contains our discussion of the basic broadband coverage (including differences between the U.S. and
European definitions of basic broadband).
25
Since July 2009, the National Telecommunications & Information Administration (NTIA), in coordination with
the Commission, has been collecting data concerning where broadband is deployed across the United States as part
of the State Broadband Initiative (SBI) Grant Program. See Department of Commerce, NTIA, State Broadband Data
and Development Grant Program, Docket No. 0660-ZA29, Notice of Funds Availability, 74 Fed. Reg. 32545 (July
8, 2009)at http://www.ntia.doc.gov/files/ntia/publications/fr_broadbandmappingnofa_090708.pdf. For purposes of
this Report, we call this data SBI Data.
26
Chairman Wheeler has said that a 25 Mbps connection is fast becoming table stakes in 21st century
communications and that today about 80 percent of American homes have access to a broadband connection that
delivers 25 Mbps or better, Prepared Remarks of FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler, The Facts and Future of
Broadband Competition, 1776 Headquarters, Washington, D.C., September 4, 2014, available at
https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-329161A1.pdf.
27
See http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/case-studies/mission-possible-evolutionaryapproach-to-docsis-whitepaper.pdf (accessed June 5, 2013).

28
Broadband Coverage in Europe in 2012: Mapping Progress Towards the Coverage Objectives of the Digital
Agenda, A Study prepared for the European Commission DG Communications Networks, Content & Technology,
European Union, 2013, available at
http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/newsroom/cf/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=3647.
29
The population of these sub-national areas (called NUTS-3 level units) range from 150,000 to 800,000.
30
47 U.S.C. 1303(b)(2).
31
In the EUs 27 countries, 24 percent of the population lives in NUTS-3 regions classified as predominantly
rural, according to Europa statistics. According to U.S. census block data, the U.S. rural share of the population is
similar: 19.3 percent of the U.S. population lives in rural areas.
32
Statistics for 2011 are from the 2013 report. A redefinition of rural in the 2013 report caused a revision of the
statistics for 2011.
33
See EU study, p. 12.
34
Because the European data in its study was from December 2011 and 2012, we also use U.S. data from December
2011 and 2012 for comparison. The U.S. data for December 2011 and December 2012 discussed here is the same
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speed broadband coverage expanded to 80 percent of all U.S. households.

17.
Rural Coverage. Between December 2011 and December 2012, Europes high-speed
broadband coverage grew from 55 to 61 percent for non-rural households and from 8 to 12 percent for
rural households. The gap between non-rural and rural thus increased from 47 percentage points in 2011
to 49 percentage points in 2012. Between December 2011 and December 2012, high-speed broadband
coverage in the United States increased from 81 to 89 percent for non-rural households and from 35 to 45
percent for rural households. The gap between non-rural and rural fell slightly from 46 percentage points
to 44 percentage points. Although the gap between rural and non-rural high-speed broadband coverage is
only a bit smaller in the United States than it is in the EU study countries, the absolute level of coverage
of high-speed broadband is much higher in the United States in both rural and non-rural areas, and the
United States is making slightly increased progress in closing the urban-rural gap for high-speed
broadband.
18.
Coverage Ranking by Country. In 2011, with an overall 72 percent high-speed
broadband coverage, the United States ranked higher than 24 of the 30 EU study countries. In 2012, with
an overall 80 percent high-speed broadband coverage, the United States ranked higher than 25 of the 31
EU study countries. Similarly, the EU study includes data for 2011 and 2012 on the status of rural highspeed broadband coverage by country. Appendix G discusses in detail status of rural high-speed
broadband coverage across the EU study countries and the United States. Only four EU countries
(Cyprus, Belgium, Malta, and Poland) had higher rural high-speed broadband coverage than the United
States in 2011, and six EU countries (Cyprus, Belgium, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands and
Switzerland) had higher rural high-speed broadband coverage than the United States in 2012.
B.
Broadband Subscription (OECD Countries)
19.
The OECDs subscription metrics define transmission speeds of at least 256 kbps in one
direction to be broadband service for both fixed (wired) and wireless Internet access.35 This is
considerably slower than the 25 Mbps download/3 Mbps upload speeds which the Commission considers
as advanced telecommunications capability or broadband for purposes of the 2015 Broadband
Progress Report.36 In this section of the Report, we use the OECDs broadband definition to present
subscription statistics from OECD countries.
20.
As the most populous member of the OECD, in terms of sheer number of wireless
broadband subscribers, the United States ranked first out of OECDs 34 countries with 316,440,000
subscriptions with data plans in 2013, (compared to 280,153,000 subscriptions for the first place rank in
2012). By comparison, Japan ranked second with 142,595,498 wireless broadband subscriptions in 2013
(108,948,995 in 2012).37 The United States also ranked first in 2013 in the sheer number of fixed (wired)
broadband subscriptions with 93,618,000 subscribers (90,006,000 subscriptions in 2012). Again, by
comparison, Japan ranked second with 35,785,203 fixed (wired) subscriptions (and 35,295,337 fixed
broadband mapping deployment data the Commission relied on in the 2015 Broadband Progress Report to present
December 2011-2012 fixed deployment trends. 2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 69, Tbl 7. However, the
Commission presented estimates for different speed tiers (3 Mbps/768 kbps, 10 Mbps/768 kbps, and 25 Mbps/3
Mbps).
35
See OECD Broadband Portal, Broadband Methodology, http://www.oecd.org/sti/broadband/broadbandmethodology.htm. OECDs definition of fixed (wired) broadband includes DSL, Cable, Fiber, and other wired
technologies such as broadband over powerline. OECDs definition of wireless broadband includes terrestrial
fixed wireless, terrestrial mobile wireless, and satellite. See
http://www.oecd.org/document/46/0,3746,en_2649_34225_39575598_1_1_1_1,00.html.
36
See 2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 3.
37
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (Dec. 2012 and 2013).
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(wired) subscriptions in 2012).38

21.
The OECDs 2013 subscription data also rank countries based on technology.39 With
respect to subscription in terms of the percentage of population, the United States ranks 16th out of 34
countries for overall fixed (wired) broadband subscriptions, with 29.8 broadband subscriptions per 100
inhabitants (15th out of 34 countries, with 28.8 broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants in 2012).40
Breaking the fixed (wired) subscription numbers down by technology, the U.S. ranking in these surveys
ranges from 25th out of 34 in DSL subscription41 to fourth out of 34 in cable modem subscription,42 to
16th out of 34 in fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) subscription.43 The United States ranks seventh overall out of
the 34 OECD countries in total wireless broadband subscriptions, with 100.7 broadband wireless
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants44 (by comparison, Finland ranks first in 2013 with 123.8 wireless
broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants45). The United States ranks sixth out of 34 countries in 2012
with 89.8 broadband wireless subscriptions per 100 inhabitants.46
22.
As the OECD notes, subscription is measured using different indicators and different
reference dates across various countries.47 Further, where a particular country falls in these rankings may
be influenced by population density and dispersion, income, and other factors. As noted in the Third
IBDR, the United States has about one-quarter the population density of Europe, one-tenth that of Japan,
and one-fifteenth that of South Korea.48 We recognize the need for better data on these issues and have
initiated efforts to improve available data, both domestically and internationally. In the last section of this
Report, we provide an update on international efforts to improve data on broadband.49
C.
Fixed Broadband Speeds
23.
The BDIA requires the Commission to gather information on data transmission speeds
for broadband services.50 Speed is a quantitative description of the information transfer rate of a
broadband Internet access service and can be defined as data signaling rate, as expressed in bits per
38
39
We reproduce the OECDs most recent broadband subscription rankings in Appendix E.
40
41
Id. The U.S. ranking in this category remains unchanged from last year.
42
Id. The U.S. ranking in this category dropped one from last year, when the United States ranked third in cable
modem subscribers.
43
Id. Last year the United States ranked 15th in FTTH.
44
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (December 2013). In the 2015 Broadband Progress Report, the
Commission did not include mobile or satellite in its broadband deployment determination under section 1302(b)
and considered fixed wireless to be a fixed service, much like cable or DSL. See 2015 Broadband Progress Report
at para. 7.
45
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (December 2013).
46
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (June 2012).
47
See OECD Broadband Portal, notes for Tables 1(d)(1) and (2). To elaborate, comparisons between countries may
not be precise when data is collected at different times or when countries use different methods of determining what
constitutes a broadband subscription.
48
Third IBDR, 27 FCC Rcd at 9892-93 para. 22, citing USTelecom comments.
49
See Section III.E., para. 54, infra.
50
BDIA 103(b); 47 U.S.C. 1303(b).
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second.51 Speed is an important indicator of the nature of broadband service. The 2015 Broadband
Progress Report determines the appropriate speed benchmark to be 25 Mbps for downloads and 3 Mbps
for uploads, finding that [t]rends in deployment and adoption, the speeds that providers are offering
today, and the speeds required to use high-quality video, data, voice, and other broadband applications
warrant a change from the Commissions prior 4 Mbps down/1 Mbps up broadband benchmark.52
24.
As with our previous IBDRs, we have gathered data on advertised speed from broadband
providers websites for this Report. We gathered advertised speeds from the publicly accessible websites
of fixed broadband providers in 40 countries, and performed an analysis of actual speed data based on the
publicly available data provided by Ookla, proprietor of speedtest.net, on its Net Index site.53 In this
report, we used Ookla data for 2012 and 2013. The 2012 data cover February 1 to December 5, including
40 countries with 3.8 million observations for 14,652 cities. For 2013, the data include 5.1 million
observations for 16,372 cities from January 1 to December 15.
25.
Appendix F contains our discussion of the actual fixed broadband speed data, which
examines the data on both a country and city basis. We present fixed broadband speeds in 40 countries
using Ookla data on actual speeds, as well as Ookla customer surveys of advertised speeds.54 Using the
aggregated data, we ranked 40 countries based on a weighted average of the city mean speeds, with
weights determined by the number of tests per city, and using a stratified sample technique to offset
changes in average speeds based on differences in city participation across countries.55 We also compared
the Commission's most recent Measuring Broadband America data for fixed broadband to the European
Commission's actual broadband speed measurement data for Europe.
26.
Based on the Ookla data, the United States ranked 25th of 40 countries in 2012 in terms
of actual download speeds (14.50 Mbps) when weighted by sample size. In 2013, the United States
ranked 26th with an average speed of 18.67 Mbps. Using the stratified sampling technique,56 the United
States ranked 26th (14.7 Mbps) in average weighted actual download speed in 2012. The ranking of the
United States improved to 25th in 2013 using stratified sampling, with an average weighted download
speed of 19.55 Mbps. We also compared the United States at the state level with the other IBDR
countries in 2012 and 2013. Eight states appeared in the top quartile in 2012, a decrease of one from
2011. There were again eight states in the top quartile in 2013. The number of states in the bottom
quartile was 13 in 2012 and 2013.
27.
The Ookla shortfall index, or the median percentage difference between advertised and
actual speed, remained stable in the United States, up slightly from 6.8 percent in 2011 to 6.9 percent in
2012. This number rose to 7.1 percent in 2013. Though this metric (which is based on self-reported data
51
See Consumer and Governmental Affairs Bureau Seeks Comment on Need for Speed Information for
Consumers of Broadband Services, Public Notice, DA 11-661, n.1 (April 11, 2011).
52
2015 Broadband Progress Report, para. 3.
53
Since January 2008, Ookla has collected data on over 6.5 billion speed tests. See https://www.ookla.com/.
Ooklas Net Index is available at http://www.netindex.com/.
54
The Ookla data in our study consists of only fixed broadband connections. Mobile data is not included in the
dataset we obtained from Ookla.
55
We use sample weights (i.e. the number of tests taken) instead of population weights (population in a city). The
advantage of using sample weights is that it puts greater weight on speed numbers when they are generated by more
tests rather than a few tests. Using population weights would not achieve this.
56
A stratified sampling approach divides the sample of cities into different non-overlapping bins according to their
population level, and then draws a sample from each bin. If large cities have inherently different broadband
characteristics from smaller and sparsely populated cities, then a stratified sample will achieve greater precision than
an aggregate ranking.
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from consumers) suggests that actual speeds do not typically meet or exceed advertised speeds in the
United States (though to a lesser extent than most of the other countries surveyed), the Commissions
most recent Measuring Broadband America report suggests otherwise.57 Moreover, in the United States,
broadband providers appear to be more effective than European providers in delivering (or exceeding)
promised broadband speeds to consumers when comparing results of hardware-based speed tests.
28.
In 2011, while jitter in the United States increased (as measured by Ookla), latency
remained fairly constant, and packet loss decreased to 2.1 percent in 2012 from 3.4 percent in 2011.58 In
2013, however, two of these metrics showed a reduction in performance, with jitter moving from 35.00
ms to 39.41 ms (ranking 35th), and latency from 75.49 ms to 80.33 ms (ranking 27th), though
performance with respect to packet loss increased with packet loss decreasing to 1.39 percent, ranking
fifth. A more detailed look at state measurements shows wide variations between states.59
D.
Broadband Pricing Plans
29.
The BDIA directs the Commission to collect information regarding the price of
broadband service capability.60 We recognize that the complexity in the pricing of residential broadband
services makes any empirical analysis difficult. The features and quality of broadband service vary across
countries and providers; service is often offered under a multi-part pricing scheme;61 and broadband is
frequently purchased as part of a bundle of services.62 When broadband is bundled with other services,
such as telephone or video service, it becomes even more difficult to identify the price of the broadband
service. Promotional offers further complicate comparisons. In our research, we observed that broadband
offerings around the world vary with respect to download and upload speeds; type of technology used to
deliver broadband services; limitations on use, including limits on upload and download volumes;
determinations of use limits (download traffic v. a combination of upload and download traffic v.
download traffic at peak/non-peak usage times); and consequences of exceeding usage limits (e.g., access
speed reductions, surcharges, service cut-off).
30.
In pursuit of a more comprehensive dataset to enable price comparisons, we gathered a
dataset of publicly available advertised pricing information for residential broadband services in 40
countries (including the United States), most of which are members of the OECD. Our research this year
generated a much richer dataset than those included previous IBDRs. In Appendix C, we list 1856 fixed
plans for year 2012 and 2174 plans for year 2013. We list 2007 mobile plans for year 2012 and 2881
57
2014 Measuring Broadband America Fixed Broadband Report: A Report on Consumer Fixed Broadband
Performance in the U.S., FCCs Office of Engineering and Technology and Consumer and Governmental Affairs
Bureau, rel. June 19, 2014, available at http://www.fcc.gov/reports/measuring-broadband-america-2014. This report
found that ISPs (i.e., those surveyed) serving the United States provide 101 percent of advertised speeds.
58
Latency (also known as ping) refers to several types of delays typically incurred during network data processing,
and is typically measured in milliseconds. Jitter refers to the variance of latency over time, and is measured by the
average deviation from the mean latency of the network. When packets of data traveling across the network fail to
reach their destination, the phenomenon is termed packet loss. We discuss all three of these characteristics of
network quality in more detail in Appendix F.
59
See Appendix F.
60
See 47 U.S.C. 1303(b)(1).
61
For example, the broadband service price often includes an installation charge, a monthly service fee, and possibly
equipment rental charges.
62
See, e.g., Scott Wallsten, Understanding International Broadband Comparisons: 2009 Update (Technology Policy
Institute Paper) June 2009, available at, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1434570 (discussing difficulties in comparing
broadband prices due to differing characteristics of broadband services and the tendency of consumers to purchase
services in bundles).
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plans for year 2013.63

31.
The fixed dataset includes a range of residential broadband offers by all major Internet
service providers for these 40 countries.64 The mobile dataset includes smartphone plans, wireless USB
stick modem plans, and tablet plans offered by all major mobile providers in the surveyed countries.65 In
Appendix C, we have converted all prices to U.S. dollars based on both purchasing power parity (PPP)66
and exchange rates.67 Converting prices through both methods enables more meaningful comparisons.68
32.
For each broadband service offering (both fixed and mobile), the dataset includes upload
and download speeds as available, allowances on data usage, and information on the types of technology
offered, including DSL, cable, fiber-to-the-home, fixed wireless, satellite, and public WiFi, for fixed
services, and 3G or 4G for mobile. The dataset includes information on advertised monthly recurring
charges and nonrecurring charges such as connection and modem/equipment fees, to allow for a more
complete pricing analysis of each broadband Internet access service offering. The dataset includes not
only advertised price but also promotional discounts such as those associated with online sign-up and
longer service contracts. Data on advertised and promotional prices may be helpful for analyzing
competition because advertised prices are focused on winning new customers or keeping customers who
may be considering switching providers. The fixed dataset also contains a number of offers that include
services, such as voice or video, which are bundled with a broadband service. The mobile dataset also
contains bundle offers, typically associated with smartphone plans, which have data, voice, and
messaging components. Since fixed and mobile service bundles can have a wide assortment of
63
In this Report, plans mean advertised broadband service offerings to consumers. For fixed broadband plans, we
gathered the data between September 2012 and December 2013 and between September 2013 and June 2014. For
mobile broadband plans, we gathered the data between September 2012 and December 2012 and between November
2013 and August 2014. Although the collection of some of the data extended into 2014, for convenience purposes
we refer to the collections as 2012 data and 2013 data. We assembled the data by visiting the websites of
broadband providers serving the countries and communities in our sample. Our price data reflects only what a given
provider was offering at the specific point in time we accessed its website.
64
For each of the European countries in the dataset, we obtained a list of incumbent operators and their competitors
from the European Commissions 2010 report on broadband Internet access prices. See Broadband Internet Access
Cost (BIAC), Final Report, prepared for the European Commission, Information Society and Media DirectorateGeneral, by Van Dijk Management Consultants, January 2010, Brussels, Belgium, available at
http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/eeurope/i2010/docs/benchmarking/eda/biac_2009.pdf. This was
supplemented with staff research into incumbent operators and their competitors, for both European and nonEuropean countries.
65
Id.
66
PPPs are currency conversion rates that convert to a common currency and equalize the purchasing power of
different currencies. In other words, they eliminate the differences in price levels between countries in the process
of conversion. See OECD, Statistics Directorate webpage, available at
http://oecd.org/department/0,3355,en_2649_34357_1_1_1_1_1,00.html; OECD, Statistics Directorate FAQ
webpage, available at http://oecd.org/faq/0,3433,en_2649_34357_1799281_1_1_1_1,00.html#1799063.
67
Exchange rates fluctuate on a daily basis. The exchange rates (2011 and 2012) were obtained from the World
Bank: Official exchange rates (LCU per U.S.$, period average), available at
http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.FCRF. The PPP conversion factors (2012 and 2013) we used for each
country are annual rates and factors obtained from the International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook
Database, October 2012 and 2013.
68
Meaningful international PPP price comparisons are easier to achieve when the prices paid are for the same or
similar service in each country. Since broadband service varies in terms of upload and download speeds, nonrecurring charges, and promotional discounts, we have assembled data on various service attributes and associated
those attributes with the price data for our international price comparisons. We believe this approach enables more
useful international price comparisons.
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components, these variations present additional layers of complexity for comparison and analysis.
33.
Fixed Broadband. Our price research is based on advertised prices. With regard to
unlimited stand-alone fixed broadband pricing, our research indicates that U.S. plan prices tend to be
higher than those in other countries surveyed. For plans with usage limits, however, U.S. plan prices
divided by the number of GB of data allowed tend to be on the lower end.
34.
The United States ranked 21st least expensive out of 34 countries in 2012 for unlimited
standalone broadband plans and 31st least expensive out of 33 countries in 2013. The average advertised
speed of the U.S. plans for unlimited standalone broadband plans, however, increased from 7.59 Mbps
(28th of 34 countries) to 10.73 Mbps in 2013 (19th of 33). For all standalone plans with advertised
download speeds of greater than 15 and up to and including 25 Mbps, the average price in the United
States fell from $56.50 in 2011 to $50.02 in 2012. The average price in the United States in this category
increased to $59.40 in 2013. While some countries also saw their standalone broadband prices fall from
2011 to 2012, a larger relative reduction in the United States increased its ranking in 2012 from 26th least
expensive to 20th least expensive (out of 32 countries) by this measure.69 In 2013, the United States
ranked 24th least expensive of the 30 countries with plans of this type.
35.
For standalone broadband plans with data usage limits and taking those limits into
account by calculating price per GB of data allowed, the United States was the fifth least expensive in
2012 with a price of $1.25 per GB. It improved its ranking to fourth least expensive in 2013 with a price
per GB of $1.65. By comparison, in 2013, New Zealand was the least expensive at $0.66 and Finland is
the most expensive at $17.18 per GB. Many of the countries that have the lowest prices have much lower
usage limits, thus becoming the most expensive on a price per GB basis.
36.
Another useful metric for comparing broadband prices across different countries is the
cost per unit of speed. Ooklas Home Value Index, based on hundreds of thousands of survey and speed
test results from speedtest.net (its web-based service), compares and ranks countries by the median cost in
U.S. dollars per Megabit per second (Mbps).70 The average weighted price per Mbps in the United States
fell from $6.14 in 2011 to $5.39 in 2012, and again in 2013 to $4.30. By this metric, the United States
ranked 21st least expensive out of 37 countries in 2012 and 23rd least expensive out of 37 countries in
2013, showing improvement from its 2011 ranking of 25th least expensive out of 35 countries surveyed.
Bulgaria and Lithuania had the least expensive price per unit of speed for 2011, 2012, and 2013. Brazil
and India were the most expensive in 2012, while India and Chile were the most expensive in 2013.
37.
Mobile Broadband. Any discussion of mobile broadband pricing data must be prefaced
with a word of caution. Mobile broadband pricing plans are complex and every country has different
reporting and advertising standards. For example, advertising about the speed of the broadband appears
to vary widely across countries. Most foreign carriers only list the theoretical maximum available speeds,
i.e., they report 100 Mbps for 4G and 42.2 Mbps for 3G and HSPA+. In contrast, in the United States, the
advertised speed for a 3G plan is often 3.1 Mbps and advertised speeds for 4G plans range from 5 Mbps
to 42 Mbps. Moreover, 4G/LTE networks are more widespread in the United States than in most of the
countries surveyed, but the data does not reflect that a providers 4G service may have only limited
availability (e.g., in portions of a few cities). Plus, 3G and 4G/LTE plans are all grouped together.
Device discounts and phone plans that have to be purchased along with data plans vary widely by country
as well. Phone plans associated with broadband also vary in terms of the number of voice minutes and
text messages included in the plans. Also, mobile broadband can be purchased in pre-paid or post-paid
plans, and we focused only on post-paid plans for purposes of this Report. Given these issues, and other
limitations, meaningful international comparisons of mobile pricing are extremely difficult. We provide
69
Although there are 40 comparison countries in total, not all countries will be represented in every plan type and/or
speed tier.
70
See http://www.netindex.com/value for more information.
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the data we have gathered on mobile broadband plans in the Appendix C. For the 40 countries we
surveyed, the 2012 dataset includes 973 smartphone plans, 579 stick modem plans, and 455 tablet plans.
The 2013 dataset includes 1,598 smartphone plans, 637 stick modem plans, and 646 tablet plans.
38.
Smartphone plans. For smartphone plans with usage limits of less than 1 GB per month
and limited voice minutes, the U.S. average monthly price of $60.74 was the second most expensive plan
(out of 35 countries) for 2012, with an average usage limit of 0.3 GB. In 2012, Estonia had the lowest
average monthly price at $4.48 for a 0.1 GB plan, and Greece had the highest at $66.57 with an average
usage limit of 0.53 GB. Italy had the lowest average monthly price in 2013 at $5.79 with 0.25 GB of
data, and Brazil had the highest average monthly price at $109.89 with an average usage limit of 0.46 GB.
The United States did not have any plans in this category for 2013. For smartphone plans with data usage
limits of 1<5 GB and unlimited minutes, the average monthly price for U.S. plans was $66.66 with an
average usage limit of 3.33 GB (12th least expensive out of 20 countries). The average monthly price in
the United States for a plan with 1<5 GB and unlimited minutes increased to $93.08 with an average
usage limit of 2.38 GB in 2013 (second most expensive of 28 countries). Slovakia had the least
expensive plans in this category in 2012 with an average monthly cost of $18.45 (for 1 GB) and Greece
had the most expensive average cost at $165.29 (for 1.5 GB). In 2013, Lithuania had the least expensive
average monthly price at $3.31 (for 1.5 GB), while Hungary had the most expensive plan at $129.26 with
an average usage limit of 2.5 GB. The United States is one of a smaller group of countries that offer
smartphone plans with unlimited data and unlimited minutes. Among countries with such plans, the
United States ranked fifth least expensive out of nine countries in 2012 and fourth least expensive out of
five countries in 2013. The average price for a smartphone plan with unlimited data and unlimited
minutes in the United States in 2012 and 2013 was less expensive than the average price for surveyed
plans that came with limits, except for plans with the most restrictive limits of less than 1 GB. The
number of countries with plans with unlimited data and unlimited minutes decreased from nine to five,
suggesting that many countries are moving away from fully unlimited plans; however, the number of
plans sampled for the United States increased from eight to 13.
39.
Stick modem plans. Among stick modem plans with data limits of 5 GB or more per
month, the United States ranked 28th out of 40 countries in terms of average monthly price ($56.75) with
an average data limit of 8.92 GB in 2012. In 2013, the average monthly price increased to $131.16
(making the United States the most expensive country); however, the average usage limit also increased
to 16.74 GB. In terms of price per GB, the United States ranked 27th in 2012 with an average allinclusive price of $6.52 per GB. In 2013, the United States ranked 35th (of 38 countries) with an average
price per GB of $8.49.
40.
Tablet plans. Among tablet plans with data limits of 5 GB or more per month, the United
States ranked 29th out of 31 countries in terms of average monthly price ($68.92) with an average data
limit of 9.13 GB in 2012. In 2013, the United States ranked last (of 37 countries) with an average
monthly price of $112.39; however, the average usage limit increased to 16.2 GB. In terms of price per
GB, the United States ranked 23rd (of 30 countries) with an average all-inclusive price of $7.98 per GB.71
In 2013, the United States ranked 29th of 37 countries with an average price per GB of $7.45.
41.
Data Usage Limits. For fixed broadband plans, the United States had the seventh highest
maximum usage limit of 24 countries in 2012 and the highest of 25 countries in 2013, while its average
usage limit was fourth highest in 2012 and second highest in 2013. This indicates that most of the limited
data plans in the United States have relatively high usage limits, compared with other countries with
limited data plans. For mobile broadband (smartphone plans), about half of the countries in the sample
offered unlimited smartphone plans in both 2012 and 2013. The United States had the second highest
number of unlimited plans in each year. The United States had the highest maximum usage limit at 50
71
The all-inclusive per GB is calculated on an individual plan basis and then averaged. As a result, the average allinclusive per GB is not identical to dividing the average monthly cost by the average data limit.
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GB in 2012 and again in 2013 at 75 GB.

E.
Other Relevant Information and International Developments
42.
Community Level Comparison. In addition to requiring the Commission to gather data
on broadband service capability, the BDIA directs the Commission to compare broadband development in
communities similar to U.S. communities in terms of population size, density, and topographic profile.72
Consistent with our approach in previous reports, we provide the most recent publicly available data for
each variable in the community dataset in Appendix D. Data for communities not covered by the OECD
and Eurostat datasets are drawn from national statistical agencies, communications ministries, and
communications regulators.73
43.
Relevant Similarities and Differences. The BDIA also directs the Commission, for the
foreign communities selected, to identify relevant similarities and differences across several criteria.74
For each foreign country included in this IBDR, Commission staff gathered, information on (1)
topography, (2) the regulatory environment, including national broadband plans, (3) the market structure,
including the number of competitors, (4) broadband penetration, and the types of network technologies
deployed, (5) types of applications and services used, and (6) other media, specifically television and
radio outlets, available to consumers. Appendix E contains the detailed information on the 39 foreign
countries that we selected to use in this Report.
44.
Defining Broadband Goals. Many countries in our survey either define broadband
service or set targets for certain levels of broadband service at speeds higher than the 4 Mbps download/1
Mbps upload standard that we used prior to increasing the benchmark to 25 Mbps/3 Mbps in the 2015
Broadband Progress Report.75 In 2011 for instance, Canadas Radio-Television and Telecommunications
Commission (CRTC) set a target for broadband Internet access services across Canada, defining
broadband as service with speed of at least 5 Mbps for downloads and 1 Mbps for uploads.76 Canada
expects that its entire population will have access to such service by 2015.77 The EU defines a broadband
connection as one that enables a download speed higher than 144 kbps.78 The EU deems download
72
Specifically, the statute requires that [t]he Commission shall choose communities for the comparison under this
subsection in a manner that will offer, to the extent possible, communities of a population size, population density,
topography, and demographic profile that are comparable to the population size, population density, topography, and
demographic profile of the various communities within the United States. BDIA 103(b)(3); 47 U.S.C.
1303(b)(3).
73
Eurostat is the Statistical Office of the European Communities, located in Luxembourg. Its task is to provide the
European Union with statistics that enable comparisons between countries and regions. See
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/region_cities/introduction.
74
The statute provides that [t]he Commission shall identify relevant similarities and differences in each
community, including their market structures, the number of competitors, the number of facilities-based providers,
the types of technologies deployed by such providers, the applications and services those technologies enable, the
regulatory model under which broadband service capability is provided, the types of applications and services used,
business and residential use of such services, and other media available to consumers. BDIA 103(b); 47 U.S.C.
1303(b). We take other media to mean other electronic video and audio news, information, and entertainment
options, particularly television and radio. Section 103(b)(2) of the BDIA (47 U.S.C. 1303(b)(2)) also directs the
Commission to identify topography for selected foreign communities.
75
2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 3.
76
CRTC sets speed target for broadband Internet and maintains obligation to provide basic home telephone service,
May 3, 2011, http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/com100/2011/r110503.htm.
77
Id.
78
Digital Agenda Scoreboard 2014 Electronic Communications Market Indicators: Definitions, Methodology and
Footnotes on Member State Data, available at https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/pillar-4-fast-and-ultra-fast-
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speeds above 144 Kbps and below 30 Mbps to be basic broadband, download connections between 30
Mbps and 100 Mbps fast broadband, and download connections above 100 Mbps ultrafast
broadband.79 The Digital Agenda for Europe sets goals of covering the entire EU with fast broadband by
2020, and ensuring that 50 percent of the EU subscribes to ultrafast broadband by 2020.80 Australias
government is committed to completing the National Broadband Network and providing 25 Mbps
downloads to all premises and 50 Mbps downloads to 90 percent of premises as soon as possible.81
45.
Next Generation Fixed Networks. Public and private sector investment in next
generation networks continues to make gigabit service a real choice for more consumers. Investment in
high-speed fixed networks in the United States continues to rise, for example. At the time we released the
Third IBDR, Google was readying the first affordable gigabit fiber network in the United States in Kansas
City. Since then, Google Fiber has entered the market and offers symmetrical 1 Gbps broadband services
in Kansas City, Austin, and Provo, Utah.82 Cedar Falls, Iowa launched a municipal gigabit system,
available to both business and residential customers, in May 2013.83 Other gigabit systems are under
development or already are operating in Vermont,84 Phoenix, Las Vegas, and Omaha, among others.85 In
2013, So-Net, an ISP affiliated with Sony, began offering 2 Gbps residential service to parts of Tokyo.86
Several countries are developing government-backed fiber networks. The New Zealand government has
pledged to invest up to NZ$1.35 billion (US$1.04 billion) to connect 75 percent of New Zealanders to
ultra-fast broadband (100 Mbps download/50 Mbps upload) by 2020.87 Singapores government-backed
internet-access. In 2010, the European Commission estimated that the minimum download speed provided by most
broadband providers was 1-2 Mbps. Id.
79
A Digital Agenda for Europe, European Commission, Brussels, 19.5.201, COM(2010)245 final, pp. 18, 40
available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/ALL/;ELX_SESSIONID=2kpQJTlJ2nFyTnQGhNZ9HrBNMMBnHJjvwtGLdl0Kn36QSrNzhlQG!2211
41805?uri=CELEX:52010DC0245R(01). See also Digital Agenda for Europe, About our Goals,
http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/about-our-goals.
80
Id.
81
See Letter of Government Expectations from The Hon. Malcom Turnbull MP, Minister for Communication and
Senator The Hon. Mathias Cormann to Dr. Ziggy Switkowski, Executive Chairman NBN Co. Limited, April 8,
2014, available at
http://www.communications.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/221162/SOE_Shareholder_Minister_letter.pdf.
82
Google Fiber, Our Cities, https://fiber.google.com/ourcities/ (last visited Jan. 5, 2015) (Google Fiber Cities).
83
Googles Not the Only One with Super-High-Speed Internet Plans, CNN-Money, June 18, 2013, available at
http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2013/06/18/googles-not-the-only-one-with-super-high-speed-internetplans/?section=money_topstories; Cedar Falls Leads Iowa with Online Speed; Offers 1 Gigabit-per-Second
Downloads, DesMoinesRegister.com, May 29, 2013, available at
http://www.desmoinesregister.com/article/20130529/BUSINESS04/305290045/.
84
Vermont Gets a Gigabit Network. And It Only Costs Residents $35 a Month, Gigaom, April 26, 2013, available
at https://gigaom.com/2013/04/26/vermont-gets-a-gigabit-network-and-it-only-costs-residents-35-a-month/. See
also website of Vtel, the telecommunications provider offering gigabit service (http://www.vermontel.com/internet).
85
Cox Will Start Its Gigabit Internet Rollout in Phoenix, Las Vegas and Omaha, Engadget, May 24, 2014,
available at http://www.engadget.com/2014/05/24/cox-gigabit-cities/.
86
Sony-Backed ISP Unveils 2Gbps Internet Service in Japan, PC mag.com, April 16, 2013, available at
http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2417845,00.asp. See also http://www.sonet.ne.jp/access/hikari/nuro_hikari/.
87
Statement to the Commerce Commission Concerning Incentives for Businesses to Invest in Ultra-fast Broadband
Infrastructure, Oct. 13, 2011, available at http://www.med.govt.nz/sectors-industries/technology-
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Next Generation Nationwide Broadband Network (with download speeds of up to 1 Gbps) was available
to 95 percent of homes and businesses by July 2013.88 Australias National Broadband Network will use
a combination of technologies (fiber, satellite, fixed wireless) in order to make 25 Mbps download service
available to all Australians as soon as possible.89 Koreas regulator, KCC, stated in 2009 that it would
invest KRW34.1 trillion over five years (KRW1.3 trillion in government funds and the remainder from
private sources) in the ultra broadband convergence network, with fixed download speeds of 1 Gbps and
mobile download speeds of 10 Mbps.90
46.
Mobile Broadband. In the United States, mobile broadband network deployment91 by
multiple providers has continued to expand and, as of January 2014, 99.9 percent of the U.S. population
lived in areas with coverage by at least one mobile broadband provider, up from approximately 98.5
percent in August 2010.92 The percentage of the population covered by at least three mobile broadband
providers increased from 82 percent in August 2010 to 93.4 percent in January 2014. The percentage of
the population living in a census block with mobile wireless coverage by at least four providers has not
changed significantly since 2012.93
47.
In the Third IBDR, we reported on global 4G/LTE trends, noting that the United States
communication/pdf-docs-library/communications/broadband-policy/UFB-Government-Policy-Statement.pdf;
Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment, Ultra-Fast Broadband Initiative, http://www.med.govt.nz/sectorsindustries/technology-communication/fast-broadband/ultra-fast-broadband-initiative.
88
Next Generation Nationwide Broadband Network Fact Sheet, Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore,
available at
http://www.ida.gov.sg/~/media/Files/Infocomm%20Landscape/Infrastructure/Wired/NextGenNBNFACTSHEET.pd
f; Singapore is World No. 2 in Use of IT for Growth, Straits Times, April 13, 2013.
89
See Letter of Government Expectations from The Hon. Malcom Turnbull MP, Minister for Communication and
Senator The Hon. Mathias Cormann to Dr. Ziggy Switkowski, Executive Chairman NBN Co. Limited, April 8,
2014, available at
http://www.communications.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/221162/SOE_Shareholder_Minister_letter.pdf. See
also http://www.nbnco.com.au/about-the-nbn/network-technology.html#.VGvHL_nF_To.
90
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: South Korea (2014) (accessed Nov. 19, 2014); Korea Communications
Commission, Important Issues, http://eng.kcc.go.kr/user.do?page=E02010100&dc=E02010100.
91
Mobile broadband for purposes of this section in this Report includes coverage and services offered using the
following 3G and 4G technologies: EVDO, EVDO Rev A, WCDMA/HSPA, HSPA+, LTE, and mobile WiMAX.
This is how the Commission defines mobile broadband in the Seventeenth Mobile Wireless Competition Report. See
Implementation of Section 6002(b) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993, Annual Report and Analysis
of Competitive Market Conditions With Respect to Mobile Wireless, Including Commercial Mobile Services, WT
Docket No. 13-135, Seventeenth Report, DA 14-1862, para. 46 (2014) (Seventeenth Mobile Wireless Competition
Report).
92
The Commissions census block analysis using 2013-2014 Mosaik Solutions, Coverage Rights Data (Mosaik).
Mosaik provides data to the Commission under contract on facilities-based providers in the form of coverage
boundary maps. The data is based on the coverage boundaries that mobile wireless network operators provide to
Mosaik. See Mosaik, About Us, http://www.mosaik.com/about-us/ (visited July. 7, 2014). This data likely overstate
the coverage actually experienced by consumers, because the data set has certain limitations, including reflecting
advertised coverage as reported by various mobile service providers, each of which uses a different definition or
determination of coverage. See Seventeenth Mobile Wireless Competition Report, para. 47. The Commission
estimates mobile deployment differently in the 2015 Broadband Progress Report. See 2015 Broadband Progress
Report at p. 60.
93
The number of providers with coverage in a census block does not necessarily reflect the number of choices
available to a particular individual or household for service subscription. See Seventeenth Mobile Wireless
Competition Report, para. 47.
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led the way in adoption of this mobile technology.94 The United States still leads the world in 4G/LTE
adoption, two years later. The global LTE subscriber base reached more than 66 million at the end of
2012,95 with U.S. subscribers accounting for over half of all 4G/LTE subscriptions globally.96 Pyramid
predicts that by 2017, 70 percent of mobile subscriptions in the United States will be LTE (262 million).97
A May 2013 GSM Association (GSMA) report indicates that more than 10 percent of U.S. wireless
connections were LTE, in contrast to less than one percent of E.U. wireless connections, by late 2012.98
At the end of 2013, U.S. consumers comprised 50 percent of the worlds LTE connections, despite U.S.
consumers representing only five percent of the worlds wireless connections.99 The United States, Japan,
and Korea will account for 82 percent of global LTE subscriptions at the end of 2014, with the United
States having 99.4 million LTE subscriptions.100 According to Ovum, the number of global LTE
subscribers reached 250 million in the first quarter of 2014, with Verizon Wireless and AT&T accounting
for 35 percent of global LTE subscriptions.101 The United Kingdom leads both Western Europe and all of
Europe in LTE subscriptions with over 6 million, while Russia leads Eastern Europe with more than 2
million.102 There are 96 LTE networks in Europe.103
48.
Use of LTE networks is also on the rise. Cisco reports that global mobile data traffic in
2013 (1.5 exabytes/month) was up 81 percent over 2012 (820 petabytes/month, or 18 times the size of the
entire Internet in 2000);104 moreover, global mobile data traffic in 2012 was already up 70 percent over
2011.105 Over half of all mobile data traffic in 2013 (53 percent) was mobile video.106 Significantly,
94
We noted that by the end of 2011, U.S. LTE subscribers numbered 5.6 million, accounting for 64% of the roughly
9 million LTE subscribers worldwide. See Third IBDR, 27 FCC Rcd 9884, 9885 (2012).
95
Telegeography Research: Wireless Subscribers by Region, available at

http://www.telegeography.com/products/globalcomms/world-and-regional-totals/wireless-subscribers-byregion/index.html (accessed April 22, 2013).
96
According to Informa Telecoms & Media World WCIS (World Cellular Information Service) data, at the end of
2012, the United States had approximately 35 million LTE subscribers. See
http://www.informatandm.com/about/wcis/.
97
Report: U.S. LTE Subscribers Will Make Up 70% of Connections by 2017, FierceWireless, June 11, 2013,
available at http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/report-us-lte-subscribers-will-make-70-connections-2017/2013-0611.
98
Mobile Wireless Performance in the EU & the US, May 2013, GSMA and Navigant Economics, available at
http://www.gsmamobilewirelessperformance.com/GSMA_Mobile_Wireless_Performance_May2013.pdf, at
21(GSMA Report).
99
CTIA Mobile Sector Snapshot, Nov. 2013, http://blog.ctia.org/2013/11/13/mobile-sector-snapshot/.
100
Informa Telecoms and Media, Smartphone use transforming with the rise of 4G and Wi-Fi, September 2014,
http://www.telecomsacademy.com/download-the-smartphone-use-transforming-with-the-rise-of-4g-and-wi-fi-whitepaper/.
101
Ovum reveals global LTE subscriptions reach 250 million milestone, September 2014, Ovum, available at
http://www.ovum.com/press_releases/ovum-reveals-global-lte-subscriptions-reach250-million-milestone/.
102
Id.
103
Id.
104
Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2013-2018, Feb. 5, 2014, available
at http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/visual-networking-indexvni/white_paper_c11-520862.html. (2014 Cisco VNI).
105
Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2012-2017, Feb. 6, 2013, p. 1,
available at http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns525/ns537/ns705/ns827/white_paper_c11520862.pdf.
17
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Cisco points out that 4G connections generated 14.5 times more traffic than non-4G connections,
accounting for 30 percent of all mobile data traffic (even though 4G connections were only 2.9 percent of
mobile connections in 2013).107 In addition, Cisco anticipates that global mobile data will expand elevenfold between 2013 and 2018.108 By the end of 2014, Cisco predicts that the number of mobile-connected
devices will exceed the worlds population (1.4 devices per capita).109 The GSMA reported that by the
end of 2013, 256 LTE networks were in commercial operation in 100 countries (and GSMA predicts 500
LTE networks in 128 countries by 2017).110
49.
The rise of smartphones appears to be directly related to the increase in world-wide
mobile data traffic. A Pew Research Center study revealed that as of May 2013, more than half of all
American adults (56 percent) owned a smartphone -- up from 35 percent in 2011 and 48 percent in
2012.111 Cisco reports that smart devices handled 88 percent of global mobile data traffic in 2013, while
representing only 21 percent of all mobile devices in use.112 Further evidence of the importance of
smartphones and mobile data can be seen in American consumers spending habits. In 2012, for the first
time, U.S. consumers spent more on mobile data, $94.8 billion (up from $71.1 billion in 2011), than on
mobile voice services, $92.4 billion.113 The International Data Corporation predicts that Americans will
spend $118.6 billion on mobile data in 2013.
50.
In the Third IBDR, we noted how the rise of the mobile app has been instrumental in the
growth of mobile broadband. The mobile app sector continues to be strong. For example, Apple
Computers App Store had 20 billion downloads in 2012 alone,114 and 50 billion total from the stores
inception in 2008, to May 2013.115 U.S.-created smartphone operating systems continue to dominate
globally, with Android phones in 85 percent of worldwide smartphone shipments in the second quarter of
2014 (Apples iOS worldwide share was second with 12 percent and Microsoft Windows platform held
106
2014 Cisco VNI.
107
2014 Cisco VNI. Rapid expansion of LTE can be seen in the Verizons recent history. In January 2013, Verizon
reported that almost half of its data traffic travels over its LTE network, a marked increase from the previous
October when 35 percent of Verizons data moved across the LTE network. See Verizon: Almost 50 % of data
traffic now goes over LTE network, FierceWireless, January 9, 2013, available at
http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/verizon-almost-50-data-traffic-now-goes-over-lte-network/2013-0109#ixzz2RObTX1Ds.
108
See 2014 Cisco VNI.
109
See 2014 Cisco VNI.
110
GSMA REPORT: http://www.gsmamobileeconomy.com/GSMA_ME_Report_2014_R_NewCover.pdf, at p. 14.
111
Smartphone Ownership 2013, Pew Internet & American Life Project, June 5, 2013, available at
http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/Smartphone-Ownership-2013/Findings.aspx#.
112
See 2014 Cisco VNI.
113
Mobile Data Spending Outpaces Voice for First Time, Hayley Tsukayama, Washington Post, March 4, 2013,
available at http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/technology/mobile-data-spending-outpaces-voice-for-firsttime/2013/03/04/8bc6c542-84dd-11e2-98a3-b3db6b9ac586_story.html.
114
Apple App Store Hits 40 Billion Downloads; 20 Billion in 2012, Alone, CNET News, Jan. 7 2013, available at
http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-57562400-37/apple-app-store-hits-40-billion-downloads-20-billion-in-2012alone/.
115
Apple Reached 50 Billionth App Download with Google on its Tail, Salvador Rodriguez, Los Angeles Times,
May 16, 2013, available at http://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-apple-50-billionth-app-downloadgoogle-20130516,0,3158946.story.
18
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third place with 2.7 percent share).116

51.
Usage Trends. Sandvine, a provider of network equipment and traffic management
systems, prepares The Global Internet Phenomena Report every six months, illustrating just how
consumers are using broadband networks. These reports examine how people in different regions (AsiaPacific, Europe, North America, and more recently Latin America and Africa) are using fixed and mobile
broadband networks. For the first half of 2013, Sandvine reported that in Europe, monthly mobile data
consumption (including both uploads and downloads) averaged 311 MB per subscriber, compared to
700.4 MB per subscriber in Asia-Pacific, and 390.1 MB per subscriber in North America.117 For the first
half of 2014, Sandvine reported increasing mean mobile data consumption figures for these regions: 394.4
MB per subscriber for Europe; 1.1 GB per subscriber for Asia-Pacific, and 465.2 MB per subscriber for
North America.118 Monthly data consumption (including both uploads and downloads) on fixed
broadband networks in North America averaged 44.7 GB in the first half of 2013119 and 51.4 GB for the
first half of 2014.120
52.
For the first half of 2014, monthly fixed broadband networks averaged 39.6 GB per
customer in Asia-Pacific and 20.4 GB in Europe.121 A large portion, over 63 percent during peak periods,
of North American fixed data traffic is real-time entertainment (e.g., Netflix and YouTube).122 In Europe,
43.3 percent of peak download fixed traffic is real-time entertainment, though the depending on the
country, the percentage ranges from 22 percent to 65 percent of downstream traffic.123 Real-time
entertainment accounts for around 50 percent of total downstream traffic during peak periods in AsiaPacific.124
53.
American consumers are supplementing their traditional viewing habits with online
content (e.g., via Netflix, Hulu, AmazonPrime). A growing number of consumers are turning to their
broadband data connections for all video programming needs. In 2013, Nielsen reported that 5 million
people in the United States no longer watch traditional television (that is, via over-the-air broadcast or
116
The One-Horse Race: 85 percent Of The 300M Smartphones Shipped In Q2 Were Android, TechCruch, July
30, 2014, available at http://techcrunch.com/2014/07/30/the-one-horse-race-android-represented-85-of-the-300msmartphones-shipped-in-q2/. (Android controlled 75 percent of worldwide smartphone shipments in the first quarter
of 2013 (Apples iOS worldwide market share was second with 17.3 percent and Microsoft Windows platform held
third place with 3.2 percent market share). IDC: Android OEM Shipped 162M Smartphones in Q1, More than 4x
Apples Rate; Windows Phone Now in (Distant) Third, TechCrunch, May 16, 2013, available at
http://techcrunch.com/2013/05/16/idc-android-oems-shipped-162m-smartphones-in-q1-more-than-4x-apples-ratewindows-phone-now-a-distant-third/.
117
Global Internet Phenomena Report 1H 2013, Sandvine Intelligent Broadband Networks, 2013, pp. . 8, 16, 25,
available at https://www.sandvine.com/downloads/general/global-internet-phenomena/2013/sandvine-globalinternet-phenomena-report-1h-2013.pdf (2013 Sandvine Report).
118
Global Internet Phenomena Report 2H 2012, Sandvine Intelligent Broadband Networks, 2014, pp. 8, 14, 26,
available at https://www.sandvine.com/downloads/general/global-internet-phenomena/2014/1h-2014-globalinternet-phenomena-report.pdf (2014 Sandvine Report).
119
2013 Sandvine Report, p. 5. Sandvine did not provide aggregate fixed data use for Asia-Pacific in the first half of
2013. Europes aggregate average fixed data consumption per customer was 13.4 GB per month, significantly less
than the U.S. figure. Id. at p. 12.
120
2014 Sandvine Report, p. 5
121
2014 Sandvine Report, pp. 11, 24.
122
2014 Sandvine Report, p. 5.
123
124
19
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cable/satellite subscription) and instead obtain video programming via smartphones, tablets, set-top
devices (such as a Roku box), or computers, and in some cases, even if the person has a cable or satellite
subscription.125
54.
Efforts to Improve International Broadband Data. As we indicated in the previous
reports, available data on international broadband are incomplete and generally challenging to compare
because of significant gaps and variations in data collection methodologies across countries, limiting the
conclusions we can draw from the data. In the Third IBDR, we detailed steps that the OECD and U.S.
government have taken to standardize broadband metrics.126 In a joint effort with the U.S. Departments of
Commerce and State, the Commissions International Bureau initiated and advanced a U.S. government
proposal within the OECD in mid-2011 to develop meaningful cross-sectional and longitudinal
broadband data that can be used to gauge economic and societal impacts of broadband deployment and
use within and across countries.
55.
The OECD High Level meeting on the Internet Economy, held in June 2011 urged
OECD member countries to develop a harmonized metrics framework for improving broadband
benchmarking. The Ministers of OECD countries commended the U.S. initiative in proposing a new and
revised set of metrics for broadband and the Internet Economy (the Metrics Checklist) that could be
used to better gauge the level of broadband penetration in member countries and the economic and
societal effects it enables. In October 2011, the United States hosted an initial OECD workshop on
metrics for broadband and the Internet economy with a view to accelerating the development of the new
metrics framework. The workshop made significant progress in examining the current approaches to
measuring the broadband metrics, in understanding the need for such metrics, and further developing the
metrics checklist. The outcome of the workshop was reported to the meeting of the Information,
Computer and Communications Policy (ICCP) Committee held in October 2011 and the December 2011
meetings of the ICCP Working Parties, (i.e., Working Party on Communication Infrastructures and
Service Policy (WPCISP), Working Party on the Information Economy, and Working Party on Indicators
for the Information Society). At the December 2011 Working Party meetings, it was decided to hold a
second workshop to further develop the work. The second workshop took place in London in June 2012.
Following the second workshop, the technical papers were updated to include the recommendations.127
56.
In the December 2012 meetings, the ICCP Working Parties discussed the arguments,
recommendations, and conclusions of the second workshop papers. Each Working Party considered
whether to accept the recommendations and how to take forward the future work. The recommendations
included: (a) a new proposed definition of broadband (tiered); (b) a subset of meaningful cross-sectional
and time-series data that can be implemented quickly and that describe the deployment of broadband
services, who adopts them and what services are adopted; and (c) comparable cross-sectional and timeseries data, both qualitative and quantitative, that identify the drivers of Internet usage and its impact on
innovation, productivity and entrepreneurship within and across countries.
57.
As a result, all 34 OECD members, including the United States, agreed to adopt the initial
set of short-term broadband metrics recommended ((a) and (b), above). Most OECD members are
planning to submit the new metrics (specifically, data available under item (a) as noted above) as part
of the OECDs new flagship times-series publication, The Digital Economy Outlook, planned for
release in spring 2015.
125
More Americans opting to Cut Cord on Traditional TV, CNET News, March 11, 2013, available at
http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57573734-93/more-americans-opting-to-cut-cord-on-traditional-tv/.
126
Third IBDR, 27 FCC Rcd at 9901-02 (2012).
127
The papers are available at: http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/internet/oecd/technical-workshop/. The second

workshop was webcast and can be accessed at: http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/internet/oecd/presentations/.
20
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58.
Work is still underway pertaining to topics listed under item (b), above. At the most
recent OECD meeting of the WPCISP, held in June 2013, several OECD members suggested that a third
technical metrics workshop be held to determine how best to assist members in their implementation of
the short-term broadband metrics outlined above, as well as advance work in other areas, including,
notably, metrics related to pricing of broadband services using hedonic indices.128
59.
On September 12, 2014, the Commission hosted an OECD Roundtable entitled Hedonic
Price Analysis of Communication Services, bringing together FCC experts from several bureaus as well
as academics, statisticians and data analysts from the U.S. government, universities and international
institutions. The forthcoming OECD paper (Triple- and quadruple-play bundles of communications
services) served as the basis for the discussion. The aim of the workshop was two-fold: (i) to learn from
past experiences in applying hedonic price analysis to goods and services other than communications and,
(ii) to improve and develop tools for hedonic price analysis of communication services, including future
research areas.
60.
The set of longer-term metrics related to other macro-economic impacts of the Internet on
national productivity (as described in (c), above) has yet to be finalized, but the OECD remains
committed to continuing to focus on ICT metrics as it prepares for its next Ministerial in Mexico City in
spring 2016.
IV.
CONCLUSION
61.
In conjunction with the Commissions adoption of the 2015 Broadband Progress Report,
the release of this Report fulfills the obligation imposed by Section 103(b) of the Broadband Data
Improvement Act.129
V.
PROCEDURAL MATTERS
62.
IT IS ORDERED that, pursuant to Section 103(b) of the Broadband Data Improvement
Act, 47 U.S.C. 1303(b), and pursuant to authority delegated to the International Bureau in Section 0.261
of the Commission's rules, 47 C.F.R. 0.261, this Report, with its associated Appendices A-G, is
ADOPTED.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
Mindel De La Torre
Chief, International Bureau
128
The OECD has been using the baskets methodology for comparing communication prices across countries for
over 20 years. As concluded by the OECD project (Towards a New OECD Metrics Checklist), hedonic price
analysis could complement the OECD baskets by adding a new perspective. A hedonic regression model estimates
values for individual characteristics of a product or service. Hedonic models are based on the idea that products or
services can be viewed as a bundle of characteristics that are valued by both buyers and sellers. Price represents the
value of characteristics of the products or services. See, e.g., Jack E. Triplett, Economic Interpretation of Hedonic
Methods, Survey of Current Business, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce, January 1986, 3640; see also OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms, available at http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=1225.
129
47 U.S.C. 1303(b).
21
FOURTH INTERNATIONAL BROADBAND REPORT

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: Country List
APPENDIX B: Broadband Price Dataset
APPENDIX C: Broadband Price Discussion and Tables
APPENDIX D: Demographics Dataset
APPENDIX E: Market and Regulatory Background
APPENDIX F: Comparing International Fixed Broadband Speeds
APPENDIX G: Broadband Deployment (European Union (EU) countries)
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APPENDIX A: Countries Included in the IBDR

COUNTRIES
Appendix B:
Broadband
Price Dataset
Appendix D:
Demographics
Dataset
Appendix E:
Market and
Regulatory
Background
Appendix
F: Actual
Broadband
Speeds
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
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New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
U.K.
USA
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Appendix B: Broadband Price Dataset
This dataset can be found on the FCC website at http://www.fcc.gov/reports/internationalbroadband-data-report-fourth.
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Appendix C
Broadband Price Discussion and Tables
1. Introduction
As we have noted in the previous IBDRs, complexity in the pricing of residential broadband
services complicates any analysis of pricing across countries. The features and quality of broadband
service vary across countries and providers; service is often offered under a multi-part pricing scheme,1
and broadband is frequently purchased as part of a bundle of services.2 Price comparisons are also
difficult because different providers frequently have plans that differ in various components of price.
For example, it is not simple to compare an offering of unlimited broadband service with a maximum
download speed of 5 Mbps for an up-front fee, a flat monthly recurring fee, and a two-year contract with
an early termination fee, to a 5 Mbps offering from another provider that charges a different up-front fee,
monthly recurring fees that vary with usage, and the ability to cancel service at any point with no penalty
or termination fee.
In addition, broadband offerings around the world vary with respect to: download and upload
speeds; limitations on use, including limits on upload and download volumes; determinations of usage
limits (download traffic vs. a combination of upload and download traffic vs. download traffic at
peak/non-peak usage times); and consequences of exceeding usage limits (e.g., access speed reductions,
surcharges, service cut-off). Price offerings can also vary based on the level of involvement of a
government in a countrys broadband deployment, through the use of taxes and subsidies. Further,
identifying the price of broadband becomes even more complicated when broadband is bundled with
other services, such as telephone or video service. Promotional offers further complicate comparisons.
Additionally, data on subscribership is not available at the plan level, and any average price comparison
implicitly assumes uniform subscribership of all plans.
Notwithstanding these inherent difficulties, this Appendix C provides a best-effort report on
available fixed and wireless broadband plans for 40 countries, including all OECD countries,3 the quality
attributes of each plan, their advertised and promotional prices, and non-recurring charges associated with
each plan.4 In this Appendix C, we discuss the data on pricing plans in detail for fixed broadband and for
1
For example, broadband service price often includes an installation charge, a monthly service fee, and possibly
equipment rental charges.
2
See e.g., Scott Wallsten, Understanding International Broadband Comparisons: 2009 Update (Technology Policy
Institute Paper, June 2009), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1434570 (discussing difficulties in comparing
broadband prices due to differing characteristics of broadband services and the tendency of consumers to purchase
services in bundles).
3
The 40 countries we examined for this report include the same 38 covered in the price data in the Third IBDR,
along with the addition of two new countries, India and Brazil. Staff gathered data on the same plans as those used
in the Third IBDR. For cases where the providers plan offerings changed, staff selected the most similar option to
the previously selected plan. In addition to incorporating all previously gathered data on pricing plans, new plans
were included to better represent the expanding selection of high-end plans.
4
The Wireless Telecommunications Bureaus Seventeenth Annual Mobile Wireless Competition Report also
provides an analysis of wireless service prices, though its focus is different than the IBDRs. See Seventeenth
Mobile Wireless Competition Report. See Implementation of Section 6002(b) of the Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act of 1993, Annual Report and Analysis of Competitive Market Conditions With Respect to Mobile
Wireless, Including Commercial Mobile Services, WT Docket No. 13-135, Seventeenth Report, DA 14-1862, (2014)
(Seventeenth Wireless Competition Report). The Seventeenth Wireless Competition Reports price analysis is
primarily focuses on price rivalry and the various actions the providers have undertaken in the past years (e.g,
introduction of equipment installment payment plans in lieu of the handset subsidy and contract plan approach). Id.
at Section V., Pricing Levels and Trends.
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mobile broadband. Our discussion of fixed broadband pricing plans includes breakdowns and rankings of
prices by advertised speed, not actual speed. An analysis of broadband prices based on actual speeds
would result in improved rankings for those countries whose actual speeds are closer to advertised speeds
(i.e., those countries with less gap between advertised and actual speeds would have better price
rankings). For practical reasons, however, we are unable to independently determine actual speeds in
each of the countries we researched, and providers are not uniform in disclosing actual speeds that
customers experience. For fixed broadband, however, we evaluate prices per unit of speed, using Ooklas
Home Value Index, and compare countries based on speed-adjusted prices.5
2. Data on Residential Fixed Broadband Prices
The dataset comes in two parts. The first, for 2012, includes 1,856 residential post-paid fixed
broadband offers by all major Internet service providers for 40 countries, including 140 U.S. plans. Staff
gathered this pricing information between September 2012 and December 2012.6 The second part
includes information on 2,174 residential post-paid plans, including 201 plans in the United States. This
information was collected between September 2013 and June 2014.7 The dataset includes information on
advertised monthly recurring charges and nonrecurring charges for four types of plans: standalone
broadband plans, double play packages, triple play packages, and quad play packages.8
The dataset includes information on advertised monthly recurring charges and nonrecurring
charges, such as connection and modem fees, to allow for a more complete pricing analysis of each
broadband Internet service offering. It also includes promotional discounts and rebates such as those
associated with online sign-up and longer service contracts, and the duration of those promotions.
Information on incidental and recurring costs (such as installation and equipment rental fees), and other
charges also is included.9 For each broadband service offering, the dataset includes upload and download
speeds, limitations on data usage, and information on the types of technology offered. In the 2012 portion
there are 597 DSL plans, 197 VDSL plans, 485 cable plans, 561 fiber plans, and 15 satellite plans.10 The
5
Ookla Home Value Index. See section 3 for more detail.
We assembled the data by visiting websites of broadband providers serving the countries and communities in our
sample. In order to mitigate the effects of variations in a particular broadband providers prices over time, we
visited the websites of providers and downloaded the relevant information at one specific point in time. Our price
data reflects only what a given provider was offering at the specific point in time we accessed the website. For some
countries in the dataset, we were able to determine whether the offerings were on a national or community level.
Many advertised offerings were national in scope, though some were listed for particular cities or on an as
available basis. Because we obtained the information for this dataset at specific points in time, we were not able to
determine which offers are regularly available and which are significant departures from regularly available offers.
Therefore, while ideally we would include only widely and regularly available offerings, it is possible we captured
information on some non-standard offers such as special, promotional, or other limited offers.
7
Although the collection of some of this data extended into 2014, for convenience purposes we refer to this
collection as 2013 data in this report.
8
Double play packages consist of broadband paired with either home telephone or video service. Triple play
packages consist of broadband, home telephone, and video services. Quad play packages include broadband, home
telephone, video, and mobile broadband services.
9
We did not collect information on VATs (value added taxes) or sales tax. Provider websites varied regarding
whether taxes were or were not included in their rates.
10
The DSL category includes DSL, ADSL, ADSL2+, XDSL, SHDSL, DSLD, LAN, XDSL, and SIOL Telephony;
VDSL includes VDSL and VDSL2; cable includes regular cable and the upgraded DOCSIS3 technology; fiber
includes, regular fiber, FTTH and NGN. Some plans did not list some characteristics and were dropped from the
final dataset. The raw dataset, with complete pricing information for every fixed and mobile plan, is available on
the Commission website at http://www.fcc.gov/reports/international-broadband-data-report-fourth.
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2013 portion includes information on 593 DSL plans, 124 VDSL plans, 418 cable plans, 731 fiber plans,
and 21 satellite plans. Appendix C Table 1a shows the number of plans for each country, disaggregated
by the type of broadband bundle.
To compare prices across countries, we first construct an annual or monthly price that reflects all
rebates, charges, and fees associated with each plan. This price reflects all recurring and nonrecurring
charges associated with the plan. To accomplish this, we first estimate the total amount that the customer
pays over the life of the contract11 using the following formula:12
All-inclusive price for the contract term13 = (promotional price * number of months promotion
lasts) + (standard price * (contract term number of months promotion lasts)) + installation fee
+ activation fee + equipment charges + modem rental charge + other fees (incl. line charges)
rebates.
We then calculate the monthly all-inclusive price by dividing it by the length of the contract.
Next, we convert all prices to U.S. dollars based on both current exchange rates14 and purchasing power
parity (PPP) ratios.15 We use both approaches since each methodology has its own advantages and
limitations.16 In the Appendix C Tables 1b-1e, we report average monthly all-inclusive prices calculated
by both PPP and exchange rate. When computing the country price, we compute the simple average of all
the prices as subscribership data at the plan level is unavailable. Thus caution must be taken when
interpreting these simple average price comparisons.17 Also, our data collection does not include details
11
An alternative method would be to calculate the price a consumer would pay for the first 12 months of subscribing
the fixed broadband service. However, this method may bias the resulting price variable as some of the one-time
rebates will be deducted from the price over the first 12 month, rather than over the entire contract period, which is
usually 18 months or more. This would bias the prices downward. Conversely, installation charges and other onetime fees will be added to the 12 month period rather than being spread out over the longer contract period. This
would bias prices upwards.
12
This is a modified version of the one year formula used by Scott Wallsten in his paper Residential and Business
Broadband Prices Part 1: An Empirical Analysis of Metering and Other Price Determinants, available at
http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1109&context=scott_wallsten.
13
The all-inclusive price includes both the monthly charges for data and voice usage paid by the consumer and the
prorated amounts of any installation costs, set-up fees, and other one-time charges.
14
Exchange rates fluctuate on a daily basis. The exchange rates were obtained from the World Bank: Official
exchange rates (LCU per U.S.$, period average), available at http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.FCRF.
We used the World Banks 2011 exchange rates for the 2012 pricing data and its 2012 exchange rates for the 2013
pricing data.
15
The PPP conversion factors (2012) we used for each country were obtained from the International Monetary
Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2012. PPP conversion factors (2013) were obtained from the
International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2013. PPPs are currency conversion
rates that convert to a common currency and equalize the purchasing power of different currencies. In other words,
they eliminate the differences in price levels between countries in the process of conversion. PPPs show the ratio of
the prices in national currencies of the same good or service in different countries. The PPP conversion is an
accepted method of equalizing purchasing power in different countries, thereby enhancing comparative studies. We
believe that use of the exchange rates, unadjusted for purchasing power, provides a nominal measure of broadband
service prices across countries, while the use of the PPP conversion factor not only converts the local currencies to a
common currency but also measures value of broadband services at a uniform price level.
16
See Rodney L. Ludema, Nominal Prices, Real Prices and Faux Prices: The Perils of Comparing Individual Prices
at Purchasing Power Parity Exchange Rates (2010) available at
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1575745
17
For example, the U.S. data includes a wider offering of fiber plans in 2013 as compared to 2012.
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about variations in video offerings, such as number and types of channels. Thus, our ability to analyze
pricing trends is limited by not having full knowledge of how non-broadband bundle components (e.g.,
video or telephone options) may be affecting broadband price.
In addition to distinguishing fixed plans by their usage limits, we also classify them by advertised
download speed, using the following distinctions: (1) up to and including 25 Mbps, (2) greater than 25 up
to and including 50 Mbps, and (3) greater than 50 Mbps. The second and third speed categories are
combined for limited data plans because the number of countries in each of these groupings is relatively
small. To facilitate comparison with the Third IBDR, for standalone broadband plans, we create subgroups of the first category of 15 Mbps, greater than 5 up to and including 15 Mbps, and greater than 15
up to and including 25 Mbps.
2.1. Standalone Broadband Plans
Prices for different service tiers vary widely. Within the full sample of plans for 2012, the least
expensive standalone broadband plan in the sample is DSL for $14.95 per month with a download speed
of 768 Kbps and a data limit of 150 GB, while the most expensive plan in the sample is FTTP for $209.99
per month with a download speed of 300 Mbps and unlimited data.18 For 2013, the least expensive plan
was a cable plan with a 2 GB data limit and a download speed of 16 Mbps for $2.44 per month, while the
most expensive plan is FTTP for $1600 for 1 Gbps symmetric with unlimited data.19 In the United States,
standalone broadband plans with unlimited data and advertised download speeds up to and including 25
Mbps had an average cost of $44 per month in 2012.20 The average monthly cost increased to $69 in
2013 for broadband plans with unlimited data and advertised download speeds up to and including 25
Mbps. For the multi-country sample, average monthly standalone plan prices in 2012 for unlimited data
ranged from $20 (Estonia), with an average advertised speed of those plans of 9.33 Mbps, to $194
(Switzerland), with an average advertised speed of those plans of 9.67 Mbps. While in 2013, the price
range of the plans ran from $22 (Bulgaria with an average advertised speed of plans of 17.5 Mbps and
Israel with an average advertised speed of plans of 11.75 Mbps) to $159 (India with an average advertised
speed of plans of 4 Mbps). The United States ranked 21st least expensive out of 34 countries for
unlimited standalone broadband plans in 2012 and 31st least expensive out of 33 countries in 2013. The
average advertised speed of the U.S. plans in that category, however, increased from 7.59 Mbps (28th of
34 countries) to 10.73 Mbps in 2013 (19th of 33 countries).
For all standalone plans with advertised download speeds of greater than 15 up to and including
25 Mbps, the average price in the United States fell from $56.50 in 2011 to $50.02 in 2012.21 This
average price includes plans for all technology types, except satellite. The average price in the United
States increased to $59.40 in 2013. While some countries also saw their standalone broadband prices fall
from 2011 to 2012, larger relative reduction in the United States increased its ranking in 2012 from 26th
18
Least expensive plan: AT&T DSL Direct Lite (United States); Most expensive plan: Verizon FiOS 300/65
(United States).
19
Least expensive plan: TelstraClear 2GB (Australia); Most expensive plan: T-2 FTTH (1 Gbps Symmetric)
(Slovenia). Prices reported using Monthly Net Price ($PPP).
20
See Appendix C Table 4e. Appendix C Tables 4f and 4g contain data on unlimited data plans with 25<50 Mbps
and 50+ Mbps, respectively.
21
See Appendix C Table 2c. Appendix Tables 2a, 2b, and 2d show the average monthly all-inclusive price of
standalone broadband plans for 15 Mbps, greater than 5 up to and including 15 Mbps, and greater than 25 up to and
including 50 Mbps, respectively.
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least expensive to 20th least expensive (out of 32 countries) by this measure.22 In 2013, the United States
ranked 24th least expensive of the 30 countries with plans of this type.
For all standalone broadband plans with data usage limits and an advertised download speed up to
and including 25 Mbps,23 the United States had an average monthly cost of around $50 in 2012.24 The
average cost increased to $61 in 2013. Bulgaria had the highest average monthly cost in both 2012 and
2013 at $243 and $241, respectively. Hungary had the lowest at just under $14 in 2012 and
approximately $18 in 2013. The data usage limits varied widely by country.
Figure 1
Average Monthly Net Price ($PPP) of Residential Broadband,
2012-2013 Standalone Plans with Limited Data and Advertised
Download Speed up to and Including 25 Mbps
Monthly Net Price ($PPP)
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2012
2013
Note: Average prices exclude satellite. Plans included in this figure have data usage limits and their average advertised download
speed is up to and including 25 Mbps. Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Lithuania, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom are excluded because they do not have plans in this category.
Taking data usage limits into account by calculating price per GB of data, the United States
ranked fifth least expensive in 2012 with a price of $1.25 per GB and improved its ranking to fourth least
expensive in 2013 with a price per GB of $1.65.25 In 2013, New Zealand is the least expensive at $0.66
and Finland is the most expensive at $17.18. All data for standalone broadband plans with speeds up to
and including 25 Mbps are presented in Appendix C Table 4a. Data for plans with speeds greater than 25
Mbps are presented in Appendix C Table 4b.26 Many of the countries that have the lowest prices have
22
Although there are 40 comparison countries in total, not all countries will be represented in every plan type and/or
speed tier.
23
This includes all standalone broadband plans with speeds up to and including 25 Mbps (as opposed to restricting
the sample to 15<25 Mbps).
24
See Figure 1.
25
See Figure 2.
26
Speed groupings more easily comparable to the previous IBDR are available in Appendix Tables 4c-4d.
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Monthly Net Price per GB ($PPP/GB)
much lower usage limits, thus becoming the most expensive on a price per GB basis. Slovakia in 2012,
for example, had the second least expensive offerings, but the third most expensive on a per GB basis.
Figure 2
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price per GB ($PPP/GB)
of Residential Broadband, 2012-2013 Standalone Plans with Limited Data
and Advertised Download Speed up to and Including 25 Mbps
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
Note: The monthly all-inclusive price per GB reflects the average price per month, including rebates, installation charges,
equipment charges (e.g., modem rentals) and other fees, divided by the average usage limit. Average prices exclude satellite.
Plans included in this figure have data usage limits and their average advertised download speed is less than 25 Mbps. Austria,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Lithuania,
Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom are
excluded because they do not have plans in this category.
For all standalone broadband plans with advertised download speeds greater than 25 Mbps up to
and including 50 Mbps, the United States had an average cost of $70.17 in 2012, which decreased slightly
to $68.65 in 2013. In both years the average advertised download speed of the plans was 45 Mbps. In
2012, Austria had the least expensive average cost at $20.76 with an average advertised download speed
of 38 Mbps. Lithuania and Denmark had the least expensive plans in this category in 2013 at $20.03 (at
48 Mbps) and $20.60 (at 30 Mbps), respectively. India had the most expensive average cost in both years
at $161.15 in 2012 and $135.93 in 2013. Appendix C Table 2d illustrates the data on all countries
included in our pricing plans gathering effort for all standalone broadband plans with advertised
download speeds greater than 25 Mbps up to and including50 Mbps.
For plans with unlimited usage and advertised download speeds greater than 25 Mbps up to and
including 50 Mbps, the United States ranked 24th out of 29 countries with an average monthly cost of
$74.25 (average advertised download speed of 44 Mbps) in 2012. In 2013, the United States again ranked
24th out of 30 countries with an average monthly cost of $69.08 (average advertised download speed of
45 Mbps). Lithuania had the least expensive plan in this category in both years at $13.75 in 2012 and
$20.03 in 2013. India had the most expensive average monthly cost in 2012 at $161.15, while Turkey
had the most expensive monthly cost at $236.56 in 2013. Appendix C Table 4f illustrates the data on all
countries, for plans with unlimited usage and advertised download speeds greater than 25 Mbps up to and
including 50 Mbps.
As more video content becomes available over the Internet, more consumers are choosing to give
up subscription television service and subscribe only to broadband Internet (rather than a double or triple
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play package). In November 2012, market research firm, TGD, reported that 11 million U.S. households
did not subscribe to paid TV services.27 This represents approximately 12.5 percent of all broadband
subscribers, an increase over the 11.2 percent of broadband subscribers that did not subscribe to paid TV
services in 2011.
2.2. Double Play Plans
Double play plans consist of Internet paired with either home telephone or video (television)
service. The average price for greater than 15 up to and including 25 Mbps double play plans with
telephone service, fell from $73.52 in 2011 to $65.94 in 2012 in the United States, but then rose to $69.08
in 2013 (see Appendix C Table 3a).28 Most countries had similarly-sized decreases in plan price in 2012;
however, prices remained relatively flat (or increased) in 2013. For double play plans with video service,
the average price increased or remained constant in the United States for all speed tiers from 2011 to
2012. For example, the 2012 average price of $107.96 for a double play plan with video and advertised
download speeds greater than 15 up to and including 25 Mbps in the United States changed little from
2011s figure of $105.99. In 2013, however, the average price of a double play video plan with download
speeds greater than 15 up to and including 25 Mbps fell sharply in 2013 for the United States to $85.20.
The number of countries offering double play plans with video increased from 14 to 17. Although double
play video plan prices generally changed little between 2011 and 2012, many countries varied from this
trend. Mexico had the largest reduction with an average plan costing $131.54 in 2011 and $88.63 in
2012. Italy had the largest increase in average price moving from $26.47 in 2011 to $54.71 in 2012.
Using the metric of average monthly price, the United States ranked 13th least expensive out of
14 countries with a price of $82 for a residential double play broadband plan (either type) with limited
data and advertised download speed up to and including 25 Mbps in 2012. The average price in the
United States decreased to $78 in 2013. Turkey had the least expensive average monthly cost in 2012
($32), while India had the most expensive ($181).29 In 2013, Austria had the least expensive plans ($23)
and India remained the most expensive plan ($89) with limited data and an advertised download speed up
to and including 25 Mbps. Again, the picture is different when data limits are taken into account. Figure
3 presents the average monthly net price per GB for double play broadband packages of both types
(telephone and video service). The United States ranked 2nd least expensive, with an average monthly
price per GB of $1.19 in 2012 and 3rd least expensive in 2013 with an average monthly price per GB of
$1.58.30 Italy and Belgium were the most expensive in 2012, while New Zealand and Italy were the most
expensive in 2013.
27
For more information see http://tdgresearch.com/pay-tv-refugees-now-account-13-us-broadband-households/
28
See Appendix C Table 3a.
29
See Appendix C Table 4h.
30
Id.
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Figure 3
Average Monthly Net Price per GB ($PPP/GB) of Residential Broadband,
2012-2013, Double Play Plans with Limited Data
and Advertised Download Speed up to and Including 25 Mbps
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
Plans included in this figure have data limits and their advertised download speed is up to and including 25 Mbps. Bulgaria,
Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Japan, South
Korea, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, Slovenia, Spain, and Switzerland are
excluded from the above figure because they do not have plans in this category.
When using the same speed category (up to and including 25 Mbps of advertised download
speed) with unlimited data, the average monthly cost of a double play plan (broadband with telephone or
video) in the United States was $67 in 2012, giving the United States a rank of 23rd least expensive out of
28 countries.31 The average monthly cost increased to $87 in 2013; however, the average advertised
download speed for those plans also increased from 10.7 GB to 13 GB. In 2012, Estonia had the least
expensive average double play plan with unlimited data ($26) and India had the most expensive ($92).
Estonias average advertised download speed is 3.67 Mbps, while Indias average download speed is 7.29
Mbps. In 2013, South Korea had the least expensive average monthly cost ($23) with an average
advertised download speed of 10 Mbps and Chile had the most expensive average cost at $91 with an
average advertised download speed of 15 Mbps.
For all double play phone plans with advertised download speeds greater than 25 Mbps up to and
including 50 Mbps, the United States had an average monthly cost of $78.96 in 2012. The average
monthly cost decreased slightly to $77.06 in 2013. Hong Kong had the least expensive average monthly
cost in both 2012 and 2013 at $25.10 and $24.45, respectively. In 2012, Brazil had the most expensive
plans with an average monthly cost of $149.71. In 2013, Mexico had the most expensive average
monthly cost at $110.29.32
For all double play video plans with advertised download speeds greater than 25 Mbps up to and
including 50 Mbps, the United States had an average monthly cost of $112.76 in 2012. The average cost
31
See Appendix C Table 4l.
32
See Appendix Table 3a for data on all sample countries.
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decreased in 2013 to $104.32 for the United States. Bulgaria had the least expensive plans in this
category with an average cost of $26.50 in 2012, while Mexico had the most expensive at $125.47. In
2013, Denmark had the least expensive plans at $32.88 and Chile had the most expensive with an average
monthly cost of $113.73.33
For double play plans with unlimited usage and advertised download speeds greater than 25 Mbps
up to and including 50 Mbps, the United States ranked 21st out of 23 countries with an average monthly
cost of $109.21 in 2012. While the United States ranked 22nd of 24 countries in 2013, the average
monthly cost decreased to $97.62. In 2012, Bulgaria had the least expensive average monthly cost at
$26.50 and Brazil had the most expensive at $149.71. Germany had the least expensive plans in 2013
with an average monthly cost of $29.01, while Chile had the most expensive plans at $113.73. For data
on all countries, refer to Appendix Table 4m.
2.3 Triple Play Plans
Triple play plans include Internet, video, and telephone services. The average monthly allinclusive price of a triple play plan in the United States increased for plans with advertised download
speeds 15 Mbps from $86.87 in 2011 to $98.45 in 2012 but fell in 2013 to $90.12, including those with
and without usage limits. For plans with advertised download speeds greater than 5 Mbps up to and
including 15 Mbps, the average monthly price in the United States increased from $118.20 in 2011 to
$122.91 in 2012, but then decreased slightly to $120.10 in 2013. The price decreased for plans with
advertised download speed greater than 15 Mbps up to and including 25 Mbps from $95.97 in 2011 to
$80.61 in 2012 and then went up to $112.81 in 2013.34 Of the 11 countries in our survey, average triple
play plan prices remained relatively stable for most countries, although the average triple play plan price
in Germany increased from $38.29 in 2011 to $51.31 in 2012 and in Hungary decreased from $64.71 in
2011 to $37.47 in 2012.
For plans with usage limits and advertised download speed up to and including 25 Mbps, the
United States ranked 7th out of the 11 countries in 2012, with an average monthly price of $81.35 The
average price in the United States for those plans increased to $105 in 2013. The United Kingdom was
the least expensive in 2012 ($42), while Brazil was the most expensive ($135), in terms of average
monthly cost for a plan with limited data allowance and advertised download speed up to and including
25 Mbps. In 2013, the United Kingdom continued to have the least expensive average monthly price at
$62. Taking the data limits into account, however, with an average monthly all-inclusive price of $0.54
per GB in 2012, the United States ranked least expensive in terms of price per GB for plans of this type.
The price per GB in the United States decreased to $0.52 in 2013; however, Australia surpassed the
United States with a slightly lower price of $0.50 per GB (see Figure 4).
33
See Appendix Table 3b for data on all sample countries.
34
See Appendix C Table 3c. We note these are probably not entirely representative averages since the number of
data points is fairly limited. Within the sample there are only 3 triple play plans in the 5<15 Mbps category for the
United States. One of these plans is a U-Verse Triple Play (12 Mbps down) that has a monthly price of $160, which
pulls up the average.
35
See Appendix C Table 4o. Appendix C Table 4p contains data on double play broadband plans with advertised
download speeds of greater than Mbps. Speed groupings more easily comparable to the previous IBDR are available
in Appendix C Tables 4q-4r.
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Figure 4
Average Monthly Net Price per GB ($PPP/GB) of Residential Broadband,
2012, Triple Play Plans with Limited Data and
Download Speed up to and Including 25 Mbps
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2012
2013
Plans included in this figure have data limits and their advertised download speed is up to and including 25 Mbps. Austria,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
India, Japan, South Korea, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Sweden, and Switzerland are excluded from the above figure because they do not have plans in this category.
For triple play plans with unlimited data and advertised download speeds up to and including 25
Mbps, the United States ranked 25th least expensive out of 26 countries with an average monthly price of
$118 in 2012.36 In 2013, the average monthly price decreased to $101; however, the United States
remained being the second most expensive country in our sample (21st least expensive out of 22
countries). The average download speed for U.S. triple play plans was 11 Mbps both 2012 and 2013,
which ranked 16th fastest of 28 countries in 2012 and 11th fastest of 22 countries in 2013. Brazil was
more expensive than the United States in both years. In Brazil, the average monthly price decreased from
$131 per month in 2012 to $113 per month. Hungary had the least expensive average monthly price for
an unlimited triple play plan in 2012 ($30), while Italy had the least expensive plan in 2013 at $27.
For all plans with download speeds greater than 25 Mbps up to and including 50 Mbps, the
average monthly price in the United States was $100.28 in 2012. The average price increased to $131.57
in 2013. The United Kingdom had the least expensive average monthly price in 2012 at $34.10, while
Mexico had the most expensive plans at $166.77. Bulgaria had the least expensive plans in 2013 with an
average monthly price of $39.60 and Belgium had the most expensive at $208.96.37
For triple play plans with unlimited data and download speeds greater than 25 Mbps up to and
including 50 Mbps, the average monthly price in the United States for this type of plan in 2012 was
$112.96. The average monthly price within the United States for this type of plan increased to $128.65 in
2013. Slovakia had the least expensive plan in 2012 at $36.83, while Bulgaria had the least expensive
36
See Appendix C Table 4s. Appendix C Tables 4t and 4u contain data on unlimited data plans with 25<50 Mbps
and 50+ Mbps, respectively.
37
See Appendix Table 3c for data on all countries.
10
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plan in 2013 at $39.60. Mexico had the most expensive plan in this category in 2012 at $166.77. In
2013, Belgium had the most expensive average monthly cost at $249.96.38
3. Speed-Adjusted Prices
As the earlier discussion suggests, advertised speeds may not equate to the speeds consumers
actually receive, and the gap between advertised and actual speeds may differ between countries. Thus,
another useful metric for comparing broadband prices across different countries is the cost per unit of
speed. Ooklas Home Value Index, based on hundreds of thousands of survey and speed test results from
speedtest.net (its web-based service), compares and ranks countries by the median price in U.S. dollars
per Megabit per second.39 In contrast to our web-scraped40 data, the Ookla data also has the advantage
that all reported speeds are for actual plans with subscribers, and the number of reports may roughly
correspond to the share of various speed plans across different countries.41
While Ookla data is the best available for international prices based on actual speeds, some
caveats have to be noted when interpreting this data. First, the prices reported in Ookla are derived from
surveys that are administered to people who take the speed test and are therefore subject to misreporting.
Second, when asked about the price of a broadband plan, consumers may often report the recurring
monthly charges and exclude non-recurring charges such as installation fees. Thus, if there are some
countries with high non-recurring costs, this variation will not be captured in the Ookla price data. Third,
we do not know whether the reported prices are for standalone broadband or broadband purchased as part
of a bundle, nor do we have information on non-speed plan attributes like monthly usage limits. Thus, we
cannot disaggregate by the bundling characteristics or usage limits, as we did earlier, but only compare
average prices.
Figure 5 shows the average weighted prices (in U.S. dollars) per Mbps of download speed for
consumers for 2011 through 2013.42 Bulgaria and Lithuania continued to have the least expensive price
per unit of speed for 2011 through 2013. Brazil and India were the most expensive in 2012, while India
and Chile were the most expensive in 2013. The average weighted price per Mbps in the United States
fell from $6.14 in 2011 to $5.39 in 2012, and again in 2013 to $4.30. Data for all countries is presented in
Appendix C Table 5. By this metric, the United States ranked 21st least expensive out of 37 countries in
2012 and 23rd least expensive out of 37 countries in 2013, showing improvement from its 2011 ranking
of 25th least expensive out of 35 countries surveyed.
38
See Appendix Table 4t for data on all sample countries.
39
See http://www.netindex.com/value for more information on data.
40
Web-scraped refers to the pricing data collection process. Information on broadband plans (i.e., pricing, contract
length, minutes, data limits) is extracted from provider websites and compiled into spreadsheets for further analysis.
41
One potential bias is that, with this metric, more expensive plans (e.g., $100+ for 100 Mbps) may look cheaper
than lower-price plans. That also means that to the extent the United States has a bias toward lower-speed plans and
slow speed DSL plans relative to other countries, this figure will also show a bias toward higher prices.
42
The Ookla data reports the median price per Mbps on a daily basis for each city in the dataset. We calculate the
average of these prices. The Net Index price data does not include Japan, South Korea, or Luxembourg. Brazil and
India were not comparison countries in the Third IBDR; thus, 2011 data is not presented for them.
11
25
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Figure 5
Average Weighted Adjusted Price ($/Mbps), 2011-2013
20
15
10
5
0
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Slovakia
Hungary
Iceland
Czech Republic
Israel
Poland
Denmark
Netherlands
Austria
Finland
United Kingdom
Germany
Hong Kong
Sweden
Belgium
Estonia
Singapore
Switzerland
Slovenia
Canada
United States
Greece
Portugal
France
Turkey
Norway
Italy
Spain
Ireland
Mexico
New Zealand
Brazil
Australia
Chile
India
Average Weighted Speed Adjusted Price ($/Mbps)
2011
2012
2013
Source: Based on the Value Index from the Ookla Net Index database (data drawn on Dec. 6, 2012 and Dec. 15, 2013). The price
per Mbps is weighted by the sample size for each city when constructing the country average. Japan and South Korea are not in
this dataset. Brazil and India were not comparison countries in the Third IBDR, so data for 2011 was not calculated.
The data presented in the figure above obscures the heterogeneity among U.S. states in speed
adjusted prices. Figure 6a shows the top and bottom quartiles of countries and U.S. states for 2012.
South Dakota, Delaware, and Rhode Island continue to be the U.S. states with the lowest price per Mbps,
while Washington, D.C. and Alaska are on the top end of the distribution. It should be noted that these
rankings do not control for the type of cities (and their respective population densities) that are generating
data. Data for all countries and U.S. states are shown in Appendix C Table 6.
12
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25
20
15
10
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Hungary
Hong Kong
Slovakia
South Dakota
Czech Republic
Iceland
Israel
Delaware
Rhode Island
Poland
Netherlands
New Jersey
Denmark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Virginia
Maryland
Massachusetts
New York
Estonia
Italy
Luxembourg
West Virginia
Portugal
New Mexico
Idaho
New Zealand
Spain
Vermont
France
Mississippi
Iowa
Montana
Ireland
Australia
Chile
District of Columbia
Mexico
Alaska
Brazil
India
Average Weighted Price per Mbps of Download Speed

(US$/Mbps)
Figure 6a
Average Weighted Speed Adjusted Price, 2012
Top and Bottom 25th Percentile
Source: Value Index from the Ookla Net Index database provided by Ookla (data drawn on Dec. 6, 2012). Japan and South
Korea are not in this dataset.
Figure 6b shows the top and bottom quartiles of countries and U.S. states for 2013. South Dakota
continues to be the U.S. state with the lowest price per Mbps. Nevada, Arizona, and Connecticut join the
upper quartile, while Washington, D.C. and Alaska remain on the top end of the distribution. Data for all
countries and U.S. states are shown in Appendix C Table 6.
13
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14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Slovakia
Hungary
Iceland
Czech Republic
Israel
Poland
Denmark
South Dakota
Netherlands
Austria
Finland
United Kingdom
Nevada
Germany
Hong Kong
Arizona
Oregon
Connecticut
Sweden
Arkansas
Norway
Oklahoma
Indiana
New Hampshire
Maryland
Idaho
Italy
Montana
Illinois
Spain
Ireland
Mexico
New Zealand
Mississippi
Brazil
Alaska
District of Columbia
Australia
Chile
India
Average Weighted Price per Mbps of Download

Speed
(US$/Mbps)
Figure 6b
Average Weighted Speed Adjusted Price, 2013
Top and Bottom 25th percentile
Source: Value Index from the Ookla Net Index database provided by Ookla (data drawn on Dec. 15, 2013). Japan and South
Korea are not in this dataset.
4. Mobile Broadband Pricing

Mobile broadband pricing plans are complex and every country has different reporting and
advertising standards. Usage limits, differing peak and off-peak speeds, all affect price comparisons. For
example, advertising about the speed of the broadband appears to vary widely across countries. Most
carriers only list the theoretical maximum available speeds, i.e., they report 100 Mbps for 4G and 42.2
Mbps for 3G HSPA+. In contrast, in the United States, the advertised speed for a 3G plan is often 3.1
Mbps and advertised speeds for 4G plans range from 5 Mbps to 42 Mbps. Some carriers also list typical
speeds; however, due to limited reporting of typical download speeds, we gathered maximum advertised
speeds. These are reported in Appendix C tables. Device discounts and phone plans that have to be
purchased along with data plans vary widely by country as well. Phone plans associated with broadband
also vary in terms of the number of voice minutes and text messages included in the plans.
Given these issues, meaningful international comparisons of mobile pricing are extremely
difficult. Below we compare pricing for mobile plans offering broadband, while controlling for voice
minutes (when applicable) and data limits. We use both average monthly plan price and price per GB of
data as metrics. These data should be treated with caution, however. It is challenging to estimate the true
cost of a GB of data when promotions are in terms of increasing usage limits.43 Additionally, usage
patterns may be relevant when attempting to calculate a volume-adjusted price, i.e., instead of dividing
the price by the usage limit, one could divide price by the amount of data used. In that case, two countries
may have very different GB limits but the same effective price (or volume-adjusted price) given different
usage.
43
In cases where the promotion increases the usage limit for a limited period in the contract (e.g., three months), we
construct a weighted average usage limit. More specifically, the weighted average usage limit is based on the
following formula. Final Usage Limit = {(Promo Usage Limit * Promo Length) + [Usage Limit * (Contract Length
Promo Length)]} / Contract Length
14
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In addition, the comparisons below do not account for differences in speeds offered in different
countries, nor were we able to account for device discounts. For example, 3G and 4G plans are grouped
together. Thus, comparing prices in a country where 4G service is widely available with a country with
limited or possibly no 4G service is not an apples to apples comparison. Similarly, comparing prices in a
country where operators subsidize devices, for example offering a free device for a contractual
commitment, with a country where operators charge the full price for a device or customers buy their
device separately is also not an apples to apples comparison. Given these and other limitations, the data
should be treated with caution. We nevertheless provide this detailed data on mobile broadband plans as
an initial step for future analysis and encourage other parties to use our data, which includes information
on the technology used and device charges, to conduct their own price analyses.
For this Report, we have compiled an updated dataset of publicly available advertised pricing
information for mobile broadband services in 40 countries (including the United States), most of which
are members of the OECD. We gathered this pricing information between September 2012 and
December 2012 and between November 2013 and August 2014.44 While efforts were made to include the
same plans as previous years, many carriers changed their offerings or modified the data limits of existing
plans between the previous IBDR and this Report, leading to some potential incomparability. These
datasets include information on advertised monthly recurring charges and nonrecurring charges such as
connection fees for three types of devices (smartphones, stick modems, and tablets), to allow for a more
complete pricing analysis of each mobile broadband offering. For 2012, we have fairly complete
information on 2,007 mobile plans for the 40 countries, out of which 127 are United States plans. There
are 973 smartphone plans, 579 stick modem plans, and 455 tablet plans. Netbook plans, though analyzed
in the last IBDR, were not analyzed this time due to declining popularity and limited offerings of netbook
plans by carriers during this round of data collection. The 2013 dataset includes information on 2,881
mobile plans for the 40 countries, including data on 322 plans in the United States. There are 1,598
smartphone plans, 637 stick modem plans, and 646 tablet plans.
The dataset also includes information on promotional discounts and rebates such as those
associated with online sign-up and longer service contracts, and the duration of those promotions.
Additionally, information on device charges (such as the cost of a smart phone or modem) is included.
This allows for a more nuanced analysis of the price that a customer pays for a mobile broadband plan.
The dataset includes advertised upload and download speeds,45 limitations on data usage, and information
on the type of technology, e.g., whether it is 3G, GSM, and 4G.46 Additionally, the usage limits on each
plan and the consequences of reaching those limits, such as the extra charges customers may incur, or
44
Although the collection of some of the data extended into 2014, for convenience purposes we refer to the
collections as 2012 data and 2013 data. We assembled the data by visiting the websites of broadband providers
serving the countries and communities in our sample. In order to mitigate the effects of variations in a particular
broadband providers prices over time, we visited the websites of providers and downloaded the relevant
information at one specific point in time. Our price data reflects only what a given provider was offering at the
specific point in time we accessed its website. For some countries in the dataset, we were able to determine whether
the offerings were on a national or community level. Many advertised offerings were national in scope, though
some were listed for particular cities or on an as available basis. Because we obtained the information for the
dataset at specific points in time, we were not able to determine which offers are regularly available and which are
significant departures from regularly available offers. Therefore, while ideally we would include only widely and
regularly available offerings, it is possible we captured information on some non-standard offers such as special,
promotional, or other limited offers.
45
In some cases, providers did not indicate upload speeds on their websites.
46
We generally only collect the best advertised technology; the technology actually in use by any customer at any
time depends on a number of factors (e.g., location, spectrum band, network congestion) so customers on a 4G
plan could easily spend most of their time using the 3G network.
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whether they experience a slowdown of their speeds, are reported. The dataset also includes the number
of voice minutes associated with the plan, if applicable.
To compare prices across countries, we first construct an annual or monthly price that reflects all
the rebates, charges and fees associated with each plan. To accomplish this, we calculate what the
customer pays over the life of the contract, using the formula discussed earlier in the report for fixed
broadband prices.47 We do not include the device charges that accompany the costs of the plan (data,
voice and SMS) in the calculation. We do not include VAT or sales tax. If a plan incorporates the cost of
the device into the monthly charge, the price for bandwidth will appear to be more expensive than a plan
that charges the customer a flat fee upfront for the device. We then calculate the monthly all-inclusive
price by dividing the total contract amount by the length of the contract. Next, we convert all prices to
U.S. dollars based on both purchasing power parity (PPP) and current exchange rates.48
Plans that are advertised as unlimited data plans but that have customer speeds slowed down after
a certain data limit is reached are classified as plans with usage limits. For example, the Unlimited
Mobiilinet M plan by Tele 2 Estonia states that this particular plan is unlimited; however, there is a
reasonable use policy in place and after reaching 30 GB, download speed is reduced to 200 Kbps and
upload speed is reduced to 64 Kbps. The usage limit in this case would be 30 GB. Only those
unlimited plans that have no overage charges or speed slowdowns are classified as unlimited.49
4.1. Smartphone Plans
Approximately one-half of the countries in the full sample had unlimited smartphone plans in
both 2012 and 2013. Switzerland had the highest number of unlimited plans in 2012 with 19 plans in the
sample. Both the United States and Hong Kong had 12 unlimited plans. South Korea had the largest
number of unlimited plans in 2013, followed by the United States and Japan. For limited data plans, the
United States had the highest maximum usage limit in 2012 at 50 GB. A large number of countries had
maximum monthly usage limits around 30 GB, including Chile, Estonia, and Iceland. Estonia and
Luxembourg have the highest average usage limits (15.52 GB and 11.33 GB, respectively).50 Usage
limits increased for most countries in 2013. The United States remained at the top with a usage limit of
75 GB, although this is most likely due to the increase in shared data plans. In 2013, Sweden and
Luxembourg had maximum usage limits of 50 GB and 60 GB, respectively. Analysis for all countries is
available in Appendix C Table 10b.
Because the datasets contained information about both usage limits and minutes, we were able to
construct illustrative groupings for comparing mobile broadband prices across countries. Plans were
grouped into four levels of data limits: (1) less than 1 GB, (2) 1-5 GB inclusive, (3) greater than 5 GB,
and (4) unlimited data. Smartphone plans in the United States tended to have either limits of around 450
47
All-inclusive price for the contract term = (promotional price * number of months promotion lasts) + (standard
price * (contract term number of months promotion lasts)) + installation fee + activation fee + modem rental
charge + other fees (incl. line charges) rebates. In the case of smartphones, the all-inclusive price does not include
the device price. While we collected information on device prices, not all carriers offered the same devices. We
excluded device price information to ensure that the all-inclusive prices would be comparable.
48
The discussion below focuses only on the prices derived using the PPP conversion.
49
Unlimited plans are compared solely on the basis of average monthly price.
50
Usage limit comparisons are calculated using only limited data plans. In addition to the maximum and minimum,
a simple mean usage limit is calculated. An important caveat to interpreting the mean usage limit: there is no
subscriber information, so the average usage limit does not accurately reflect what consumers actually have.
Rather, it reflects the mean of the distribution of usage limits among plans.
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voice minutes or unlimited voice minutes in 2012. In 2013, however, none of the smartphone plans for
the United States have limited minutes. We divided each of the data usage limit categories into those
with limited and unlimited minutes.
Figure 7a shows the average monthly price for smartphone plans that have a usage limit of less
than 1 GB and limited minutes. The U.S. average monthly price of $60.74 was the second most
expensive plan (out of 35 countries) for 2012, with an average usage limit of 0.3 GB. In 2012, Estonia
had the lowest average monthly price at $4.48 for a 0.1 GB plan and Greece had the highest at $66.57
with an average usage limit of 0.53 GB. Italy had the lowest average monthly price in 2013 at $5.79 with
0.25 GB of data and Brazil had the highest average monthly price at $109.89 with an average usage limit
of 0.46 GB. The United States did not have any plans in this category for 2013,.51
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Italy
Denmark
Lithuania
India
Japan
Poland
France
Switzerland
Finland
Belgium
Iceland
Austria
Sweden
Bulgaria
Australia
New Zealand
Slovenia
Portugal
Luxembourg
Mexico
Hungary
Netherlands
Czech Republic
Korea
Ireland
Germany
Slovakia
Spain
Hong Kong
Singapore
United Kingdom
Estonia
Norway
Canada
Chile
United States
Average Price Per Month ($PPP)
Figure 7a
Smartphone - Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price, 2012-2013
Less than 1 GB and Limited Minutes
2012
2013
Note: The monthly all-inclusive price reflects the average price per month, including rebates and other fees, but excluding the
cost of the device. Plans included in this figure have data limits of less than 1 GB and limited minutes. Greece, Brazil, and
Turkey have been excluded from this figure because their data are inconsistent from year to year.
For plans with less than 1 GB of data and unlimited minutes, the United States had the most
expensive average monthly price in 2012 at $47.50 with an average usage limit of 0.23 GB. In 2013, the
average monthly price for the United States increased to $70.12 with an average usage limit of 0.38 GB.
The number of plans offered in this category within the United States increased from two to 18.52
Slovakia had the least expensive average monthly price in both years. The average monthly price
increased slightly from $20.15 in 2012 to $21.90 in 2013 (this average is based on one plan with a data
cap of 0.5 GB).
Figure 7b presents the average monthly price for smartphone plans with 1<5 GB of data and
51
See Appendix C Table 7b for data on all sample countries. Appendix C Tables 7a and 7c present data on plans
with average data limits of less than 1 GB and less than 450 minutes or unlimited voice minutes, respectively.
52
An important caveat is that while every effort is made to ensure that the datasets for each year are representative,
the number of plans offered may not have increased; rather, more plans were captured in the 2013.
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limited minutes. For this category, plans in the United States had an average monthly price of $84.54 for
an average of 3.28 GB and 450 minutes in 2012. Estonia has the least expensive average monthly price at
$9.40 for 1.5 GB and 126 minutes, while Greece has the most expensive plan at $103.31 for 1.38 GB and
838 minutes. The United States did not have any plans in this category for 2013. Country rankings were
also calculated using average monthly all-inclusive price per GB of data.53
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Lithuania
Israel
Switzerland
France
Italy
Luxembourg
Denmark
Belgium
Austria
Czech Republic
India
Germany
Estonia
Spain
Poland
Iceland
Sweden
Slovenia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Australia
Portugal
Ireland
Singapore
Korea
Hong Kong
United Kingdom
Bulgaria
Mexico
Hungary
Chile
Slovakia
Finland
Norway
Canada
United States
Figure 7b
1<5 GB and Limited Minutes
2012
2013
cost of the device. Plans included in this figure have data limits of 1<5 GB and limited minutes. Greece, Brazil, and Turkey
have been excluded from this figure because their data are inconsistent from year to year.
For plans with 1<5 GB and unlimited minutes, the number of plans included in the sample for the
United States increased from 9 to 50. In 2012, the average monthly price for U.S. plans was $66.66 with
an average usage limit of 3.33 GB. The average monthly price in the United States for a plan with 1<5
GB and unlimited minutes increased to $93.08 with an average usage limit of 2.38 GB. The average
download speed for U.S. plans in this category decreased from 24.6 Mbps in 2012 to 15.6 Mbps.
Slovakia had the least expensive plans in this category in 2012 with an average monthly cost of $18.45
(for 1 GB at 12.6 Mbps) and Greece had the most expensive average cost at $165.29 (for 1.5 GB at 42.2
Mbps). In 2013, Lithuania had the least expensive average monthly price at $3.31 (for 1.5 GB with an
unknown download speed), while Hungary had the most expensive plan at $129.26 with an average usage
limit of 2.5 GB (at 105 Mbps).54
Figure 7c displays the average monthly price for plans with 5 or more GB of data (excluding
unlimited data) and limited minutes. For the United States in 2012, the average monthly price is $133.59
with an average usage limit of 8.5 GB and download speed of 16.7 Mbps. The United States has no plans
in this category within the 2013 dataset. Slovenia had the least expensive average monthly price in 2012
at $29.32 (for 15 GB at 42 Mbps), while Chile had the most expensive at $170.85 (for 32 GB at 8 Mbps).
In 2013, the Netherlands had the least expensive average monthly price at $15.28 for an average usage
53
See Table 7c
54
See Table 7d for data on all sample countries.
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limit of 10 GB and download speed of 50 Mbps. Greece had the most expensive average monthly price in
2013 at $289.86 for an average 10 GB usage limit (the download speed is unknown).55
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Finland
Netherlands
Denmark
Slovenia
Iceland
Italy
Switzerland
Spain
Czech Republic
Austria
Sweden
Japan
Luxembourg
India
Ireland
Hong Kong
Singapore
Mexico
Estonia
Belgium
Korea
Chile
Bulgaria
Portugal
Hungary
United States
Figure 7c
5 or more GB and Limited Minutes
2012
2013
cost of the device. Plans included in this figure have data limits of 5+ GB and limited minutes. Greece, Brazil, and Turkey have
been excluded from this figure because their data are inconsistent from year to year.
In the category of plans with 5 or more GB of data and unlimited minutes, the average monthly
price in the United States increased from $114.99 in 2012 to $225.84 in 2013. The average usage limit
also more than doubled in the United States from 10 GB to 22.7 GB during this same time period. In
2012, the least expensive plans were in Belgium with an average monthly price of $51.42 with an average
usage limit of 33.75 GB, while Korea had the most expensive average monthly price at $155.01 and an
average usage limit of 25 GB. Denmark had the least expensive average monthly price in 2013 of $30.36
with an average usage limit of 13 GB. The United States had the most expensive plans in 2013.
For high end plans with unlimited data and unlimited minutes, the average monthly cost in the
United States increased from $60.00 in 2012 to $83.88 in 2013. Thus, the average price for a smartphone
plan with unlimited data and unlimited minutes in the United States in 2012 and 2013 was less expensive
than the average price for plans that came with limits, except for plans with the most restrictive limits of
less than 1 GB. The least expensive plans were in Hong Kong with an average monthly price of $21.85 in
2012, while the most expensive average monthly price was in Portugal ($150.07). In 2013, Switzerland
had the lowest average monthly price at $56.96, while Korea had the most expensive average monthly
price at $106.20. The number of countries with plans in this category decreased from nine to five,
suggesting that many countries are moving away from fully unlimited plans; however, the number of
plans sampled for the United States increased from eight to 13. In 2012, the United States ranked 5th
least expensive out of 9 countries and 4th least expensive out of 5 countries in 2013.
4.2. Stick Modem Plans
Estonia, Finland, and Switzerland had the largest number of unlimited data plans in 2012,
55
See Table 7e for data on all sample countries.
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although only 10 countries had unlimited stick modem data plans. In 2013, Finland and Hong Kong had
the largest number of unlimited plans. While there were no unlimited data plans for stick modem in 2012,
the United States had two plans in the dataset in 2013. The average monthly price was $85.92.
Comparatively, Italy had the least expensive plan at a price of $10.42 per month, while Portugal
surpassed the United States with an average monthly price of $110.15. The United States had the second
highest number of limited data plans at 35 plans in 2012. Poland surpassed the United States with 36
limited data plans for stick modems in 2012. In 2013, the number of United States plans captured in the
sample increased to 59.
Because of the wide range in the data limits of stick modem plans, we distinguish limited plans
from unlimited plans in this Report. Plans with data limits were divided into two groups: (1) Less than 5
GB and (2) 5 or more GB.56 In addition, some countries offer stick modem data plans with unlimited
data; however, U.S. carriers did not offer this type of plan in 2013. Data and country rankings for each
category are presented in Appendix C Tables 8a-8c.
Figure 8a shows the average monthly price for stick modem limited data plans with at least 5 GB
of data. Slovenia and Italy had the lowest prices in 2012, with an average price of $14 per month.
Slovenia remained the least expensive in 2013 with an average monthly price of $13. The United States
ranked 28th out of 40 countries in terms of average monthly price ($56.75) with an average data limit of
8.92 GB in 2012. In 2013, the average monthly price increased to $131.16 (making the United States the
most expensive country); however, the average usage limit also increased to 16.74 GB.
250
200
150
100
50
0
Slovenia
Finland
Israel
Ireland
Iceland
Poland
Lithuania
United Kingdom
France
Germany
Denmark
Turkey
Norway
Spain
Austria
Bulgaria
Luxembourg
Belgium
Estonia
Singapore
Portugal
Australia
Hungary
Greece
Netherlands
Czech Republic
New Zealand
Korea
Sweden
Slovakia
Hong Kong
Brazil
Chile
India
Canada
Italy
Mexico
United States
Figure 8a
Stick Modem - Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price, 2012-2013
5 or more GB
2012
2013
cost of the device. Plans included in this figure have data limits of at least 5 GB, but not unlimited data. Belgium, Estonia,
Singapore, and Switzerland are excluded from the above figure because they do not have plans in this category. Japan charges by
the amount of packets sent, so we assumed 1 packet = 128 bytes.
Country rankings in terms of price per GB for both 2012 and 2013 are shown in Figure 8b. In
56
While technically unlimited, we also consider plans with soft data caps (where slower speeds are implemented
when the user reaches the monthly limit) to be limited.
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terms of price per GB, the United States ranked 27th in 2012 with an average all-inclusive price of $6.52
per GB. In 2013, the United States ranked 35th (of 38 countries) with an average price per GB of $8.49.
Sweden has the lowest price per GB at $1.31 in 2012, although the top six countries all had an average
all-inclusive price per GB under $2. In 2013, Estonia had the lowest price per GB at $0.89. Hong Kong
was the most expensive in both 2012 and 2013 at $12.60 per GB (average monthly cost was $63) and
$12.28 per GB (average monthly cost was $61), respectively.
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Estonia
Slovenia
Finland
Denmark
Ireland
Iceland
Luxembourg
Norway
Poland
France
Spain
Lithuania
Austria
Israel
Portugal
Hungary
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Slovakia
Australia
Turkey
Greece
Czech Republic
Sweden
India
Singapore
Germany
Netherlands
Korea
Brazil
Belgium
Chile
Mexico
Canada
United States
Italy
New Zealand
Hong Kong
Price per GB of Data ($PPP/GB)
Figure 8b
Stick Modem - Average Monthly Net Price per GB of Data, 20122013
5+ GB
2012
2013
cost of the device, divided by the average data usage limit. Plans included in this figure have data limits of at least 5 GB, but not
unlimited data. Belgium, Estonia, Singapore, and Switzerland are excluded from the above figure because they do not have plans
in this category. Japan charges by the amount of packets sent, so we assumed 1 packet = 128 bytes.
4.3 Tablet Data Plans

Relatively few countries have unlimited data plans for tablets. In our sample, Switzerland and
Estonia had the largest number of plans with unlimited data for tablets in 2012. Finland and Portugal had
the largest number of such plans in 2013. In 2012, our sample did not include any unlimited data plans
for tablets in the United States. In 2013, however, there were two plans in this category. The United
States had the largest number of limited data plans in both years with 34 plans and 76 plans, respectively.
The average monthly price for U.S. unlimited data plans in 2013 was $85.92. Luxembourg had the least
expensive average monthly cost at $18.69 in 2013.
Because of the wide range in the data limits of tablet plans, we report limited plans and unlimited
plans separately. Similar to the stick modem plans, we report tablet plans with data limits in two groups:
(1) Less than 5 GB and (2) 5 or more GB.57 Data and country rankings for each category are presented in
Appendix C Tables 9a-9c.
Figure 9a shows the average monthly price for limited data plans with at least 5 GB of data for
57
While technically unlimited, we also consider plans with soft usage limits (where slower speeds are
implemented when the user reaches the monthly limit) to be limited.
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both 2012 and 2013. Lithuania and Finland had the lowest average monthly price in 2012 at $16.57 and
$18.21, respectively. In 2013, Finland and Israel had the least expensive plans with an average monthly
price of $17.86 and $18.39, respectively. The United States ranked 29th out of 31 countries in terms of
average monthly price ($68.92) with an average data limit of 9.13 GB in 2012. In 2013, the United States
ranked last (of 37 countries) with an average monthly price of $112.39; however, the average usage
limited increased to 16.2 GB.
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Finland
Israel
Luxembourg
Spain
Portugal
Ireland
France
Norway
Lithuania
Denmark
Switzerland
Italy
Sweden
Bulgaria
Belgium
Estonia
Australia
Germany
Singapore
United Kingdom
Slovenia
Hungary
Canada
Netherlands
Greece
Austria
New Zealand
Brazil
Slovakia
Chile
Turkey
Korea
India
Poland
Mexico
Czech Republic
United States
Figure 9a
Tablet - Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price, 2012-2013
5 or more GB
2012
2013
.
cost of the device. Plans included in this figure have data limits of at least 5 GB, but not unlimited data. Hong Kong, Iceland, and
Japan are excluded from the above figure because they do not have plans in this category.
Country rankings in terms of price per GB are shown in Figure 9b. In terms of price per GB, the
United States ranked 23rd (of 30 countries) with an average all-inclusive price of $7.98 per GB.58 In
2013, the U.S ranked 29th of 37 countries with an average price per GB of $7.45. Finland had the lowest
price per GB in both 2012 and 2013 at $0.91 and $0.89 respectively. France was the most expensive at
$10.50 per GB (average monthly cost was $52.48) in 2012 and the Czech Republic was the most
expensive in 2013 at $11.10 per GB (average monthly cost was $110.96).
58
The all-inclusive per GB is calculated on an individual plan basis and then averaged. As a result, the average allinclusive per GB is not identical to dividing the average monthly cost by the average data limit.
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12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Finland
Estonia
Denmark
Sweden
Slovenia
Norway
France
Ireland
Luxembourg
Lithuania
Israel
Portugal
Italy
Hungary
Switzerland
Slovakia
Australia
Spain
Bulgaria
Greece
Singapore
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Germany
Brazil
Chile
Belgium
Mexico
United States
Turkey
Korea
Austria
Canada
New Zealand
Poland
India
Czech Republic
Price per GB of Data ($PPP/GB)
Figure 9b
Tablet - Average Monthly Net Price per GB of Data, 2012-2013
5+ GB
2012
2013
cost of the device, divided by the average data cap. Plans included in this figure have data limits of at least 5 GB, but not
unlimited data. Hong Kong, Iceland, and Japan are excluded from the above figure because they do not have plans in this
category.
5. Broadband Plan Usage Limits

Our broadband price research yielded a rich data set, containing details for thousands of fixed and
mobile broadband plans. These details include information about data consumption and whether data use
is limited or capped.59 In addition to comparing broadband plans on price, we believe that consumers
may also benefit from learning how countries compare with regard to the amount of data broadband
customers may use on a monthly basis.
Fixed Broadband. In 2012, in our sample, South Korea and Norway had the largest number of
unlimited data plans (132 for Korea and 121 for Norway). Slovenia and Luxembourg had the largest
offering of unlimited data plans in 2013 at 113 and 108 plans, respectively. In the United States, there
was a fairly equal balance of unlimited and limited plan offerings in both 2012 and 2013. Australia and
New Zealand had only limited data plans in both years. Iceland did not have unlimited plans in 2012, but
had 20 unlimited plans in 2013.
The United States had the 7th highest maximum usage limit of 24 countries in 2012 and the
highest of 25 countries in 2013, while its average usage limit was 4th highest in 2012 and second highest
in 2013.60 This indicates that most of the limited data plans in the United States have relatively high
usage limits, compared with other countries with limited data plans.
59
There are several Share Everything data plans (i.e., plans that permit multiple users to share in the monthly
allotment of data) in the sample that have very large usage limits (30, 40, or 50 GB limits), but we do not have
subscriber numbers for any plans. These high-cap shared plans may be contributing to higher averages where
present. Usage limits for shared plans are reported as the cap for all sharing phones rather than dividing up the data
allotment on a per phone basis.
60
Figure 10a.
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Figure 10a
Average Usage Limit for Fixed Broadband Plans (All Types)
300
250
150
100
50
0
Australia
United States
Lithuania
Canada
Germany
Belgium
Iceland
Ireland
Brazil
Turkey
India
New Zealand
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Finland
Hungary
Austria
Chile
Slovakia
Italy
Spain
Portugal
Japan
Average Usage Limit (GB)
200
2012
2013
Mobile Broadband Smartphones. About half of the countries in the sample had unlimited
smartphone plans in both years. The United States had the second highest number of unlimited plans in
each year. The United States had the highest maximum usage limit at 50 GB in 2012 and again in 2013 at
75 GB. From 2012 to 2013, maximum usage limits increased for the majority of countries. Estonia and
Luxembourg had the highest average usage limits in 2012 (15.52 and 11.33 GB, respectively). In 2013,
the United States had the highest average usage limit at 14.05 GB.61
61
Figure 10b.
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Figure 10b
Smartphone - Average Usage Limit for Mobile Broadband Plans
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
United States
Luxembourg
Sweden
Estonia
Singapore
Canada
Denmark
Chile
India
France
Korea
United Kingdom
Czech Republic
Norway
Hong Kong
Austria
Ireland
Israel
Iceland
Greece
Switzerland
Australia
Belgium
Germany
Italy
Brazil
Turkey
Netherlands
Mexico
Slovakia
Slovenia
New Zealand
Spain
Bulgaria
Portugal
Lithuania
Poland
Hungary
Finland
Japan
2012
2013
Mobile Broadband Stick Modems. Estonia, Finland, and Switzerland had the largest number of
unlimited data plans in 2012, while Finland and Hong Kong had the largest number in 2013. In 2012, ten
countries had unlimited stick modem plans. This number increased to 11 in 2013. The United States had
the second highest number of limited data plans at 35 in 2012 (surpassed by Poland at 36). In 2013, the
number of plans offered in the United States increased to 61.
Slovakia and Sweden had the highest maximum usage limits in 2012 at 100 GB and 80 GB,
respectively. In 2013, Denmark had the highest maximum usage limit at 500 GB with Estonia following
at 120 GB. The United States falls in the middle in terms of both maximum usage limit and average
usage limit for both 2012, but moves to the upper one-third in 2013.62
62
Figure 10d.
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Figure 10d
Stick Modem - Average Usage Limit for Mobile Broadband Plans
60
50
40
30
20
10
Denmark
Estonia
Iceland
Sweden
Luxembourg
Ireland
Slovakia
Finland
United States
Norway
Poland
Slovenia
France
Mexico
Greece
Italy
India
Austria
Korea
Portugal
Hungary
Singapore
Chile
Australia
Turkey
Lithuania
Brazil
Israel
Czech Republic
Bulgaria
Canada
United Kingdom
Germany
Hong Kong
Belgium
Netherlands
Spain
New Zealand
Switzerland
Japan
2012
2013
Mobile Broadband Tablets. In 2012, in our sample, Switzerland and Estonia had the largest
number of unlimited data plans for tablets. Norway and Luxembourg had the largest number of unlimited
plans in 2013 at seven and six, respectively. Only nine countries offered unlimited data plans in 2012.
This number increased to 12 in 2013. Our sample did not have any unlimited data plans for tablets for the
United States in 2012 and had only two such plans for 2013.
The United States had the largest number of limited data plans for tablets and ranked in the
middle for both the maximum and average usage limits for both 2012 and 2013. Italy had the highest
maximum usage limit at 50 GB in 2012, while Denmark had the highest maximum usage limit at 500 GB
in 2013. Austria had the highest average usage limit in 2012 (18.33 GB). In 2013, Denmark had the
highest average usage at 65.9 GB.63
63
Figure 10c.
26
Denmark
Estonia
Sweden
Norway
United States
France
Slovenia
Slovakia
Mexico
Poland
Ireland
Greece
Portugal
Italy
Finland
Hungary
Singapore
Luxembourg
Lithuania
India
Chile
Australia
Brazil
Israel
Korea
Germany
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Turkey
Switzerland
Netherlands
Czech Republic
Austria
Belgium
Spain
New Zealand
Canada
Hong Kong
Iceland
Japan
2012
2013
27
DA 15-132
Figure 10c
Tablet - Average Usage Limit for Mobile Broadband Plans
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 1a
Number of Total, Unbundled, and Bundled Broadband Plans
2012
Country
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total
Total Number of
Plans in the
Sample
69
26
21
121
24
29
38
33
37
21
21
16
22
24
30
21
22
44
37
23
28
74
137
45
56
29
41
35
121
77
28
68
30
86
20
55
63
62
33
140
1907
Number of
Standalone
Broadband Plans
49
13
9
29
11
25
18
21
10
10
17
1
2
3
19
9
22
20
12
20
7
74
71
45
17
7
10
5
26
24
4
14
17
48
22
18
46
67
842
28
Number of
Double Play
Plans
10
8
9
35
7
10
12
22
5
4
16
15
9
24
22
Number of
Triple Play
Plans
10
5
3
57
6
4
10
5
6
15
4
4
2
12
16
3
3
5
33
24
18
15
17
25
35
40
21
6
14
5
60
12
14
51
5
38
9
12
11
5
18
24
483
3
8
9
21
14
11
11
49
533
Number of
Quad Play
Plans
1
10
2
20
4
49
DA 15-132
Table 1a (continued)
2013
Country
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Total Number
of Plans in the
Sample
108
28
43
48
30
46
34
21
25
27
19
58
19
32
27
21
25
48
60
18
42
62
80
61
108
35
37
38
52
65
23
66
27
113
45
46
45
55
Number of
Standalone
Broadband Plans
58
11
11
21
22
29
16
11
4
13
15
7
3
4
16
9
25
22
22
10
12
62
54
61
11
6
7
17
12
12
17
66
26
19
48
29
Number of
Double Play
Plans
38
11
15
3
4
4
8
7
16
8
4
12
16
20
9
Number of
Triple Play
Plans
12
6
17
24
4
12
10
3
5
6
39
6
2
12
26
31
2
23
7
6
7
21
50
17
17
26
35
40
4
3
6
58
7
14
5
10
9
13
6
Number of
Quad Play
Plans
12
14
51
4
47
21
11
13
1
1
5
14

United
Kingdom
United States
Total
40
197
1974
5
56
820
30
11
95
620
DA 15-132
16
46
503
8
31
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 1b
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price of a Standalone Broadband Package in U.S. Dollars
(PPP and Exchange Rate Conversion)
Country
Germany
France
Austria
Lithuania
Italy
Hungary
Netherlands
Slovakia
Estonia
Poland
Sweden
Korea
Finland
Japan
Greece
Denmark
Ireland
Czech Republic
Australia
Belgium
Luxembourg
Mexico
New Zealand
Hong Kong
Israel
Chile
United States
Iceland
Turkey
Brazil
Canada
Portugal
Singapore
Norway
India
Bulgaria
Slovenia
Switzerland
Price $ (PPP)
18.85
22.98
25.49
27.43
28.10
29.97
33.96
35.12
35.15
36.04
36.96
37.99
40.28
40.44
42.51
47.28
47.62
47.73
50.18
50.28
50.60
52.06
54.46
56.90
58.87
60.79
60.86
63.02
63.90
74.91
76.27
80.25
86.76
90.27
104.90
106.11
124.16
147.75
2012
Price $ (Ex. Rate)
21.91
29.17
30.62
19.35
33.40
21.96
40.52
26.65
29.34
24.13
53.90
27.64
55.00
52.65
42.87
76.50
57.01
36.43
81.37
62.99
71.75
37.54
74.22
40.48
60.68
51.49
60.86
73.14
50.74
84.19
96.27
76.57
72.08
169.12
45.14
56.66
105.97
273.52
31
Rank (PPP)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Rank (Ex. Rate)

2
7
9
1
10
3
14
5
8
4
20
6
21
19
15
31
23
11
33
26
27
12
30
13
24
18
25
29
17
34
35
32
28
37
16
22
36
38
DA 15-132
Table 1b (continued)
2013
Country
Poland
Lithuania
Korea
Slovakia
Hungary
Estonia
Austria
New Zealand
Germany
Czech Republic
Bulgaria
Israel
Greece
India
Italy
Hong Kong
Japan
United Kingdom
Denmark
France
Chile
Mexico
Finland
Turkey
Sweden
Belgium
Brazil
Singapore
Iceland
Switzerland
United States
Netherlands
Australia
Slovenia
Ireland
Canada
Norway
Price $ (PPP)
Price $ (Ex. Rate)
31.60
32.64
32.41
34.08
40.09
34.93
25.87
22.71
28.66
48.05
66.82
33.10
39.24
104.71
35.92
61.57
43.12
44.44
31.86
43.78
65.86
82.47
45.82
86.53
45.61
54.45
73.43
81.97
64.49
42.55
75.47
68.48
54.40
103.52
77.91
77.62
69.07
20.18
22.14
23.65
24.80
26.33
28.38
29.99
30.58
31.96
33.50
34.23
35.08
35.95
40.41
41.21
45.12
45.15
47.17
49.29
52.84
54.94
58.09
60.96
61.17
64.01
65.57
67.26
69.83
72.08
74.87
75.47
78.83
81.40
85.91
90.51
93.01
126.05
32
Rank (PPP) Rank (Ex. Rate)

4
7
6
9
13
10
2
1
3
20
26
8
12
37
11
23
15
17
5
16
25
34
19
35
18
22
29
33
24
14
30
27
21
36
32
31
28
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 1c
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price of a Double Play Package in U.S. Dollars
Country
Bulgaria
Singapore
Estonia
Germany
Korea
Finland
Denmark
Italy
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Austria
Sweden
United Kingdom
Turkey
Hong Kong
Greece
Netherlands
Australia
Spain
Norway
Belgium
Ireland
Luxembourg
Poland
New Zealand
Mexico
Switzerland
Chile
Brazil
United States
India
Price $ (PPP)
29.29
31.48
32.27
35.27
36.27
39.04
41.64
42.17
42.21
42.42
42.44
43.37
44.12
47.71
48.49
50.26
51.16
52.23
54.68
58.00
58.22
59.52
62.25
66.98
68.86
72.59
73.79
78.45
79.34
84.12
117.97
2012
Price $ (Ex. Rate)
15.64
26.16
26.93
41.00
26.39
53.30
67.36
50.13
32.22
32.20
50.99
63.24
47.64
37.88
34.50
50.68
61.03
84.69
57.41
108.66
72.93
71.26
88.27
44.85
93.84
52.34
136.60
66.45
89.16
84.12
50.76
33
Rank (PPP)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Rank (Ex. Rate)

1
2
4
9
3
17
22
12
6
5
15
20
11
8
7
13
19
26
18
30
24
23
27
10
29
16
31
21
28
25
14
DA 15-132
Table 1c (continued)
Country
Bulgaria
Korea
Estonia
Israel
India
Turkey
Slovakia
Germany
Czech Republic
Austria
Poland
Hong Kong
Italy
Mexico
Singapore
Finland
Portugal
Spain
United Kingdom
Denmark
Greece
Ireland
Brazil
Luxembourg
Belgium
France
Netherlands
Chile
United States
Sweden
Australia
Switzerland
Canada
Norway
New Zealand
2013
Price $ (PPP)
Price $ (Ex. Rate)
31.26
16.02
3
1
27.92
20.37
1
2
32.13
26.11
4
3
30.03
31.83
2
4
87.20
33.65
33
5
51.04
36.09
10
6
52.85
38.45
12
7
34.62
38.61
6
8
55.99
39.03
15
9
33.81
39.19
5
10
66.60
42.52
26
11
61.30
44.92
21
12
41.83
47.99
9
13
71.04
50.04
29
14
59.72
50.88
20
15
38.30
50.95
8
16
56.79
51.27
18
17
52.87
51.66
13
18
51.41
54.57
11
19
36.43
56.36
7
20
67.22
61.58
27
21
56.58
65.73
17
22
74.76
68.48
30
23
53.12
75.46
14
24
64.11
77.20
23
25
64.46
77.80
24
26
69.88
80.44
28
27
104.96
87.56
35
28
88.55
88.55
34
29
63.42
89.01
22
30
66.19
99.05
25
31
56.52
99.45
16
32
85.84
102.86
32
33
57.49
104.92
19
34
81.71
110.03
31
35
34
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 1d
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price of a Triple Play Package in U.S. Dollars
Country
Price $ (PPP)
Korea
Estonia
France
Hungary
United Kingdom
Bulgaria
Sweden
Germany
Slovakia
Austria
Denmark
Luxembourg
Hong Kong
Italy
Turkey
Switzerland
Netherlands
Spain
Slovenia
Greece
Norway
Portugal
Belgium
Australia
Poland
Ireland
Singapore
Mexico
New Zealand
Chile
United States
Israel
Canada
Brazil
34.52
38.00
38.03
39.49
41.64
41.99
42.20
51.31
52.76
52.94
53.34
57.88
59.41
59.41
59.85
59.99
60.81
62.35
67.32
68.33
72.38
72.75
75.32
76.34
84.18
85.85
87.61
97.39
99.20
99.20
99.53
100.44
114.01
120.43
2012
Price $ (Ex.
Rate)
24.12
31.72
48.28
28.93
44.97
22.42
61.54
59.64
40.04
63.60
86.30
82.07
42.27
70.63
47.52
111.06
72.55
65.46
57.46
68.90
135.60
69.42
94.36
123.78
56.37
102.78
72.79
70.23
135.18
84.02
99.53
103.52
143.91
135.34
35
Rank (PPP)
Rank (Ex. Rate)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
2
4
9
3
7
1
13
12
5
14
24
22
6
19
8
29
20
15
11
16
33
17
25
30
10
27
21
18
31
23
26
28
34
32
DA 15-132
Table 1d (continued)
Country
Turkey
Hungary
Bulgaria
Korea
Estonia
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Hong Kong
Poland
Italy
Slovenia
Spain
Mexico
Austria
France
Greece
Singapore
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Israel
Sweden
Ireland
Chile
Portugal
Denmark
Switzerland
Brazil
Luxembourg
United States
Canada
Australia
New Zealand
Belgium
Price $ (PPP)
36.40
39.59
50.83
39.56
37.31
49.08
58.82
57.88
83.27
48.80
69.78
62.51
91.45
56.84
54.94
73.21
88.71
72.02
67.33
76.74
58.60
74.90
104.90
98.12
57.91
58.45
114.68
81.03
124.97
111.09
94.06
108.98
224.55
2013
Price $ (Ex. Rate) Rank (PPP) Rank (Ex. Rate)
25.74
1
1
26.00
4
2
26.04
7
3
28.86
3
4
30.32
2
5
35.71
6
6
41.00
14
7
42.42
10
8
53.17
23
9
55.99
5
10
57.91
17
11
61.08
15
12
64.42
25
13
65.88
9
14
66.30
8
15
67.07
19
16
75.57
24
17
76.45
18
18
77.51
16
19
81.34
21
20
82.24
13
21
87.01
20
22
87.51
28
23
88.59
27
24
89.60
11
25
102.85
12
26
105.05
31
27
115.12
22
28
124.97
32
29
133.11
30
30
140.75
26
31
146.75
29
32
270.41
33
33
36
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 1e
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price of a Quad Play Package in U.S. Dollars
Country
Korea
Greece
United Kingdom
Portugal
Mexico
Spain
Poland
Switzerland
Country
Greece
Poland
Spain
United Kingdom
Canada
Portugal
2012
Price $ (PPP) Price $ (Ex. Rate)
28.71
20.89
1
37.05
37.36
2
59.98
64.77
3
98.89
94.36
4
105.94
76.39
5
112.30
117.92
6
119.46
79.99
7
125.73
232.76
8
Price $ (PPP)
38.99
114.19
77.41
97.02
92.56
129.40
1
2
3
6
4
7
5
8
2013
Price $ (Ex. Rate)
35.72
1
1
72.91
5
2
75.65
2
3
102.99
4
4
110.92
3
5
116.83
6
6
37
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 2a
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price of a Standalone Broadband Plan ($ PPP)
by Technology
Advertised Download Speed 1 to 5 Mbps
2012
All
Country
DSL
Cable
Fiber
Hybrid
Lithuania
13.75
13.75
Poland
15.07
15.07
Hong Kong
21.08
21.08
Czech Republic
23.44
37.02
16.66
16.66
Slovakia
23.96
23.96
Canada
24.58
20.77
28.38
Hungary
24.89
24.89
Mexico
25.00
25.00
Estonia
26.20
26.62
25.78
26.62
Sweden
26.29
26.29
Finland
26.82
26.70
27.08
Ireland
28.07
28.07
Singapore
29.37
29.37
Luxembourg
29.51
29.51
Chile
35.13
39.04
29.27
Japan
35.57
39.01
28.68
Turkey
40.91
40.91
Belgium
47.21
47.21
Brazil
47.48
50.72
34.52
Slovenia
48.73
50.99
Australia
54.81
54.81
Norway
57.73
34.99
India
65.30
65.30
Israel
66.09
89.43
Switzerland
98.86
30.61
The simple average is calculated by excluding satellite.
38
45.84
91.83
19.42
303.63
Satellite
Average
Download
Speed
2.33
1.00
1.50
1.33
5.00
4.00
2.95
3.67
4.00
2.00
2.33
2.33
3.00
5.00
2.20
1.17
2.17
2.50
2.60
2.63
1.50
3.20
2.36
5.00
3.00
DA 15-132
2013
Average Download
All
Country
DSL
Cable
Fiber
Hybrid Satellite Speed
Brazil
36.73
39.19
54.20
2.11
Bulgaria
208.28
2.00
Canada
30.89
21.03
30.75
4.33
Chile
37.50
40.53
34.47
2.25
Czech Republic
33.17
33.17
2.00
Estonia
25.73
26.14
25.32
26.14
4.00
Finland
26.32
26.19
26.57
2.33
France
32.99
32.99
1.00
Hong Kong
20.54
20.54
1.50
Hungary
36.69
36.69
5.00
India
60.77
60.77
2.57
Ireland
50.67
50.67
4.00
Israel
16.53
16.53
5.00
Japan
44.04
51.48
29.16
1.17
Lithuania
38.65
19.22
41.42
2.88
Mexico
26.93
26.93
3.00
Norway
37.54
38.57
34.46
4.00
Poland
19.77
19.77
4.00
Slovakia
25.51
25.51
5.00
Slovenia
44.02
70.93
52.75
42.40
2.50
Switzerland
25.42
25.42
4.25
Turkey
68.06
68.06
4.00
United States
48.45
53.64
39.41
56.12
93.16
3.00
The simple average is calculated by excluding satellite.
39
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 2b
by Technology
Advertised Download Speed >5 to 15 Mbps
2012
Country
Bulgaria
Austria
France
Portugal
Lithuania
Finland
Denmark
Poland
Sweden
Italy
Netherlands
Japan
Hungary
Slovakia
Korea
New Zealand
Czech Republic
Luxembourg
Canada
Australia
Singapore
Israel
Hong Kong
Ireland
Chile
Slovenia
Turkey
Belgium
Norway
Brazil
Iceland
Mexico
India
Switzerland
Greece
All
Average
DSL
Cable
Fiber
Hybrid
Satellite Download Speed
19.71
19.71
19.71
242.68
10.67
22.31
21.22
23.94
8.84
22.98
22.98
8.00
23.60
23.60
15.00
24.46
28.04
20.88
10.00
25.67
25.79
29.23
18.21
101.92
9.71
25.71
26.33
25.10
15.00
26.09
30.16
22.19
25.75
11.40
27.44
30.15
25.84
25.54
8.70
28.10
26.96
31.54
8.75
30.07
30.07
8.00
30.74
30.11
38.31
10.46
33.49
43.45
13.58
11.67
34.89
39.66
20.59
11.25
37.78
37.78
10.00
38.23
38.23
15.00
42.10
61.75
30.54
25.91
10.20
42.63
42.63
11.25
43.09
44.96
35.59
10.80
43.13
43.13
12.00
43.69
43.69
8.00
44.14
27.77
93.22
22.34
11.71
45.65
62.09
29.21
9.00
46.08
46.08
7.65
51.94
52.32
52.35
60.14
68.72
69.71
70.10
70.47
131.09
279.77
52.11
52.35
60.14
33.24
68.14
70.10
51.24
44.79
35.83
58.63
87.35
48.31
131.09
26.21
343.17
74.41
70.47
66.32
40
10.20
9.75
8.00
12.00
11.00
11.25
11.14
8.00
9.60
8.80
10.00
DA 15-132
2013
Country
Australia
Austria
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Denmark
Finland
France
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Lithuania
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United States
All
DSL
46.11
22.70
51.81
20.93
56.09
53.09
22.90
26.47
45.58
22.74
51.17
20.93
50.22
32.68
25.30
48.10
Cable
Fiber
Hybrid
46.11
Satellite
22.64
54.38
59.53
56.25
31.58
41.61
20.93
38.86
168.54
55.64
22.90
14.87
223.37
32.99
69.78
28.46
37.14
58.32
103.98
56.85
24.40
30.89
38.85
33.84
36.38
48.70
42.10
22.71
36.26
25.10
24.78
51.05
30.56
33.15
55.68
60.69
28.46
17.63
46.90
58.32
103.98
56.85
24.56
30.89
38.84
134.55
28.46
20.19
38.95
25.45
8.50
33.84
52.96
48.70
42.10
22.71
32.46
24.88
37.34
56.00
80.51
55.68
63.90
82.98
50.09
40.05
25.31
19.14
36.80
30.73
26.42
61.17
41
15.04
30.05
94.37
Average Download
Speed
12.00
8.84
12.00
13.60
10.67
11.25
15.00
9.67
8.23
10.00
10.00
13.33
11.40
9.33
9.25
14.00
8.33
10.67
10.00
11.00
11.25
8.00
15.00
10.00
13.50
11.00
9.57
10.00
10.00
8.00
10.67
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 2c
by Technology
Advertised Download Speed between >15 to 25 Mbps
2012
Country
Austria
Hungary
Bulgaria
Netherlands
Germany
Korea
Italy
Poland
Greece
Israel
Finland
Sweden
Estonia
Denmark
Turkey
Singapore
Canada
Norway
Australia
Slovakia
Ireland
Chile
Czech Republic
Slovenia
Hong Kong
Luxembourg
Iceland
Mexico
India
Brazil
Switzerland
All
DSL
Cable
Fiber
Hybrid Satellite
18.87
26.18
4.25
22.06
22.06
22.37
22.37
22.37
24.92
24.92
25.76
25.76
25.98
25.98
28.08
28.08
30.21
32.04
24.70
30.61
30.61
31.72
36.58
26.86
31.78
31.78
33.89
34.74
32.18
36.18
33.28
39.08
36.30
36.30
39.97
38.96
40.52
43.02
48.72
37.32
44.75
45.33
43.59
45.08
41.09
53.07
49.46
50.64
46.31
53.02
59.65
61.01
65.05
65.15
69.31
72.21
73.41
78.03
86.46
101.01
141.92
53.02
59.65
61.03
74.93
61.00
64.33
45.60
45.29
72.20
69.31
72.21
73.41
78.03
86.46
101.01
37.99
42
245.84
Average
Download
Speed
16.26
25.00
20.00
21.67
16.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
24.00
20.00
20.00
20.83
20.00
20.00
18.59
20.50
21.00
20.33
23.55
20.00
24.00
20.00
18.83
20.00
18.00
20.00
16.00
20.00
16.00
20.00
21.25
DA 15-132
2013
Country
Australia
Austria
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Lithuania
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United States
All
DSL
46.11
22.70
51.81
20.93
56.09
53.09
22.90
32.13
26.47
45.58
28.46
37.14
58.32
103.98
56.85
24.40
30.89
38.85
33.84
36.38
48.70
42.10
22.71
36.26
25.10
24.78
51.05
30.56
33.15
55.68
60.69
22.74
51.17
20.93
50.22
Cable
Fiber
Hybrid
46.11
22.64
54.38
20.93
38.86
59.53
56.25
55.64
22.90
32.68
25.30
48.10
31.58
41.61
14.87
32.99
28.46
17.63
46.90
58.32
103.98
56.85
24.56
30.89
38.84
28.46
20.19
38.95
25.45
8.50
33.84
52.96
40.05
25.31
19.14
36.80
30.73
26.42
15.04
56.00
30.05
51.09
48.70
42.10
22.71
32.46
24.88
37.34
82.98
29.41
55.68
63.90
50.09
61.17
43
Average Download
Satellite Speed
12.00
8.84
12.00
168.54
13.60
10.67
11.25
15.00
11.00
223.37
9.67
8.23
69.78
10.00
10.00
13.33
11.40
9.33
134.55
9.25
14.00
8.33
10.67
10.00
11.00
11.25
8.00
15.00
10.00
13.50
11.00
9.57
10.00
10.00
8.00
94.37
10.67
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 2d
by Technology
Advertised Download Speed between >25 to 50 Mbps
2012
Country
All
DSL
Cable
Fiber
Hybrid Satellite
Austria
20.76
27.77
25.92
8.58
Slovakia
26.57
26.57
Lithuania
27.44
30.86
13.75
Bulgaria
29.69
29.69
Sweden
30.52
30.52
Hungary
31.09
31.09
Netherlands
32.03
38.80
29.77
Poland
34.38
32.27
28.49
39.00
Japan
35.96
34.55
52.94
Korea
37.13
37.13
Estonia
39.00
44.72
33.28
Denmark
39.18
38.87
39.49
Belgium
42.65
42.65
Finland
42.71
42.71
Hong Kong
43.59
69.31
17.88
Czech Republic
47.10
34.47
59.73
Portugal
47.16
47.16
Iceland
49.32
49.32
Ireland
49.59
49.59
Australia
50.27
46.67
52.67
Luxembourg
55.05
55.05
Canada
61.25
60.57
64.01
Israel
62.12
39.29
104.21
31.44
Switzerland
62.34
55.91
81.61
Singapore
67.58
77.92
46.89
Turkey
68.08
68.08
Chile
Norway
Slovenia
Brazil
India
71.38
78.23
89.98
139.52
161.15
69.96
75.65
84.69
99.16
63.52
161.15
44
50.33
105.86
139.52
Average
Download
Speed
38.33
30.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
50.00
47.50
38.33
40.85
50.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
40.00
30.00
50.00
50.00
42.00
36.67
38.00
34.00
40.00
36.67
50.00
37.50
35.71
40.00
42.50
40.00
DA 15-132
2013
Country
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Ireland
Israel
Japan
Korea
Lithuania
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
All
DSL
Cable
Fiber
Hybrid Satellite
57.60
58.63
56.67
30.43
30.43
42.63
42.63
88.14
56.91
74.63
132.86
27.31
26.36
27.55
78.71
85.87
42.91
71.99
70.19
80.45
65.33
47.61
51.72
30.91
76.89
20.60
20.60
38.48
41.01
35.95
39.51
39.51
32.88
32.88
36.23
36.23
23.54
23.54
24.44
24.44
65.79
59.24
73.97
135.93 134.46
138.88
44.97
47.09
42.86
31.64
30.83
39.72
24.37
45.22
44.15
53.82
27.42
29.07
26.59
20.03
39.63
13.49
103.13
103.13
63.68
53.63
73.72
50.43
50.16
51.25
29.31
28.88
29.84
29.65
62.51
62.51
30.97
39.22
26.84
93.30 102.40
84.59
65.60
39.08
84.82
39.08
62.45
84.82
54.99
108.28
177.90
41.61
39.68
43.54
68.65
43.60
69.23
132.26
45
Average Download
Speed
36.32
30.00
34.29
38.33
42.00
40.00
40.00
42.50
30.00
40.00
40.00
50.00
50.00
50.00
30.00
50.00
37.33
40.00
36.67
42.11
50.00
47.50
43.33
45.00
35.00
40.00
50.00
46.67
43.33
50.00
36.25
44.38
34.00
45.00
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 3a
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price of a Double Phone Broadband Plan ($ PPP)
by Speed Tier
Country
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
India
Ireland
Italy
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
<5 Mbps
46.38
58.63
63.44
18.29
34.78
47.39
56.14
58.96
44.26
25.16
2012
5 to <15 Mbps 15 to 25 Mbps >25 to 50 Mbps
52.23
35.09
57.36
33.11
60.24
61.83
81.01
86.33
149.71
34.35
68.93
77.48
80.53
49.73
25.58
34.49
46.90
28.27
36.59
29.23
37.34
36.38
41.03
58.99
25.10
122.36
192.91
54.39
67.32
58.87
43.31
36.06
26.66
36.00
68.67
60.42
72.00
88.63
125.47
34.92
22.85
39.79
73.96
52.56
59.22
68.75
50.38
91.63
40.58
42.16
44.15
35.65
51.88
37.40
34.54
44.91
35.94
41.72
64.56
40.00
35.28
41.29
40.43
46
DA 15-132
Country
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Chile
Chile
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
<5 Mbps
2013
58.67
29.48
34.17
78.03
33.37
31.60
107.25
36.92
17.96
78.69
84.09
58.08
85.82
50.22
28.94
42.38
26.29
43.69
65.46
34.60
81.71
51.60
43.24
29.40
44.10
50.38
40.36
65.46
72.39
47
65.85
30.71
26.36
87.71
87.71
36.33
43.05
28.57
56.56
123.77
81.31
69.06
35.92
58.11
36.15
35.93
39.47
86.31
24.45
47.29
31.12
36.12
48.23
22.64
48.59
110.29
51.76
50.79
51.06
127.93
47.86
64.78
87.12
41.65
38.24
69.08
58.69
51.27
77.06
51.19
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 3b
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price of a Double Video Broadband Plan ($ PPP)
by Speed Tier
Country
Austria
Bulgaria
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Hong Kong
Italy
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Slovakia
Sweden
<5 Mbps
2012
28.93
29.03
82.97
32.95
22.91
31.61
24.06
21.11
92.73
48.09
28.67
44.67
26.50
42.76
40.18
52.18
54.71
35.96
42.90
55.70
46.94
45.09
39.79
56.49
41.63
48
54.71
75.56
88.63
49.48
43.01
46.46
66.09
62.81
125.47
58.18
55.98
70.58
38.44
DA 15-132
Country
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Hong Kong
Ireland
Italy
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Sweden
Switzerland
United States
<5 Mbps
2013
31.19
56.33
35.34
28.87
87.71
30.82
72.50
100.72
45.21
27.12
35.63
113.73
49.38
32.88
33.71
50.84
67.43
40.32
38.81
40.32
55.49
46.50
59.16
55.50
77.28
59.16
67.32
41.35
42.31
106.40
54.57
85.20
25.72
33.11
81.81
49
56.92
104.08
94.64
73.15
72.20
41.88
66.83
104.23
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 3c
Average Monthly All-Inclusive Price of a Triple Play Broadband Plan ($ PPP)
by Speed Tier
Country
Australia
Austria
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
<5 Mbps
69.64
79.31
18.29
62.44
61.39
61.41
2012
74.43
74.43
48.41
36.73
54.07
149.32
141.53
162.07
45.01
33.75
39.81
87.99
120.02
160.05
95.79
101.28
109.01
51.46
54.59
38.70
42.86
36.05
51.31
74.21
59.41
27.77
37.47
39.65
82.95
91.04
95.97
52.43
69.90
31.44
42.62
58.43
58.71
78.77
119.88
166.77
51.51
38.71
57.53
82.97
64.54
71.21
80.81
74.77
80.71
85.31
53.83
66.15
52.06
81.30
65.49
78.05
36.83
67.89
84.34
97.56
47.65
33.33
41.20
40.52
41.84
50.49
57.19
75.20
64.29
42.11
24.36
33.89
34.10
50
DA 15-132
Country
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Poland
Portugal
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
2013
5 to <15 Mbps 15 to 25 Mbps
<5 Mbps
35.03
84.05
117.00
44.77
94.58
99.82
77.23
17.96
38.01
74.38
60.04
42.31
90.12
120.94
109.83
103.14
66.81
42.09
56.52
67.19
27.84
37.57
23.03
38.18
74.46
73.06
49.88
55.15
100.84
74.50
30.57
95.38
80.43
79.70
64.20
67.23
69.71
48.41
38.23
74.67
57.74
120.10
51
94.06
32.35
60.70
36.40
53.74
112.81
>25 to 50 Mbps
94.06
208.96
117.46
39.60
130.10
127.35
45.38
43.53
45.74
53.76
78.06
57.88
39.75
69.43
64.15
72.57
137.43
67.12
83.87
84.69
76.51
42.44
81.12
59.66
52.48
63.58
61.63
131.57
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4a
Standalone Broadband Plans with Usage Limits Download Speed <25 Mbps
2012
Price
Average
per GB Monthly
Rank
Price Rank Country
1
11 Ireland
2
10 Australia
3
6 New Zealand
4
8 Canada
5
12 United States
6
13 Brazil
7
1 Hungary
8
14 Iceland
9
4 Turkey
10
5 Luxembourg
11
15 Finland
12
3 Chile
13
7 India
14
2 Slovakia
15
16 Bulgaria
16
9 Belgium
Price per
Average
Average
GB
Monthly Price Download
Data
Plan
($PPP/GB) ($PPP)
Speed
Limit
Count
0.49
50.14
12.33
166.7
6
0.93
49.74
16.57
236.5
27
1.10
38.23
15.00
40.0
3
1.24
39.47
11.11
73.3
9
1.25
50.42
9.10
169.3
29
1.31
56.45
7.88
52.5
4
2.72
13.58
10.00
5.0
1
5.38
70.32
11.47
54.1
15
5.49
31.82
13.55
21.5
20
5.78
34.22
6.67
172.3
3
7.84
101.92
10.00
13.0
1
8.13
24.39
1.00
3.0
1
8.61
38.77
2.50
5.5
4
10.09
20.18
6.67
2.0
3
25.35
242.68
8.50
12.5
4
45.36
45.36
1.00
1.0
1
2013
Price
per GB
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Average
Monthly
Price
Rank
3
9
8
10
7
11
1
12
4
2
5
6
14
13
Country
New Zealand
Australia
Canada
United States
Turkey
India
Hungary
Ireland
Germany
Slovakia
Chile
Brazil
Bulgaria
Finland
Price per
Average
Average
GB
Monthly Price Download Data
Plan
($PPP/GB) ($PPP)
Speed
Limit
Count
0.66
22.71
15.00
36.00
7
0.71
53.30
18.22
305.74
27
1.44
41.42
9.44
52.22
9
1.65
61.04
9.27
156.67
25
2.75
40.37
19.76
28.88
17
3.42
76.21
8.40
48.07
15
3.53
17.63
15.00
5.00
1
4.01
96.79
14.93
45.71
14
5.48
27.42
16.00
5.00
1
9.45
18.91
12.50
2.00
4
9.88
29.63
1.00
3.00
1
10.75
33.48
3.50
25.50
4
12.61
241.39
11.50
25.00
4
17.18
223.37
10.00
13.00
1
52
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4b
Standalone Broadband Plans with Usage Limits Download Speed 25 Mbps
2012
Price
Average
per GB Monthly
Rank
Price Rank Country
1
7 Australia
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
11
1
9
10
3
6
12
5
2
4
Canada
Lithuania
Turkey
New Zealand
Luxembourg
Denmark
Brazil
Iceland
Japan
Belgium
Price per
Average
Average
GB
Monthly Price Download Data
Plan
($PPP/GB) ($PPP)
Speed
Limit Count
0.10
51.54
112.00 500.0
1
0.40
0.47
0.57
0.64
0.68
0.68
1.45
1.49
170.04
218.10
88.16
31.14
76.44
78.81
47.01
50.72
218.03
49.32
34.01
48.59
97.86
103.75
75.00
100.00
50.00
53.18
100.00
50.00
100.00
54.00
322.1
120.0
208.3
125.0
75.0
372.5
150.0
67.5
0.2
70.4
14
16
6
2
2
22
1
8
2
5
2013
Price
per GB
rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Average
Monthly
Price
Rank
1
10
5
11
8
7
12
6
9
2
13
4
3
Country
Lithuania
United States
Belgium
Canada
Turkey
Australia
Brazil
Ireland
Iceland
Germany
India
Slovakia
Japan
Average
Price per
Monthly
Average
GB
Price
Download Data
Plan
($PPP/GB) ($PPP)
Speed
Limit
Count
0.21
30.61
185.00
162.50
8
0.27
73.95
67.50
275.00
8
0.39
41.65
36.00
110.00
5
0.41
84.99
92.50
279.21
14
0.65
65.35
56.36
148.50
11
1.02
55.36
46.45
316.77
31
1.04
165.77
70.00
150.00
3
1.19
43.63
60.00
93.33
6
1.61
70.29
100.00
112.00
5
2.19
32.88
50.00
15.00
1
2.32
166.89
86.17
90.83
6
19.61
39.22
50.00
2.00
1
108.05
34.58
100.00
0.32
2
53
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4c
Standalone Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed <10 Mbps
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Country
Poland
Lithuania
Austria
France
Hungary
Estonia
Finland
Slovakia
Sweden
Ireland
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Japan
Singapore
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Italy
Czech Republic
Chile
Hong Kong
Slovenia
Mexico
Belgium
Brazil
Israel
Norway
Turkey
India
Switzerland
Average Monthly Price Average Download

($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
15.07
1.00
1
15.18
3.75
4
21.22
8.06
3
22.98
8.00
1
24.89
2.95
3
26.20
4.00
4
26.45
3.75
4
27.94
5.00
2
28.11
6.38
4
29.00
3.87
3
30.07
8.00
1
30.71
5.00
2
32.60
4.54
10
34.15
4.50
2
38.30
38.77
40.83
41.58
47.01
48.38
49.06
50.72
54.92
57.73
64.95
78.71
205.64
54
7.50
4.00
3.67
4.75
2.59
5.00
4.00
3.00
5.75
3.20
6.83
3.00
4.33
2
5
6
2
20
5
1
4
4
5
12
8
6
DA 15-132
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Country
Israel
Poland
Hong Kong
Iceland
Austria
Switzerland
Slovakia
Estonia
Finland
Czech Republic
Hungary
Norway
Lithuania
Mexico
Chile
Brazil
Netherlands
Slovenia
Japan
Italy
France
Turkey
United States
India
Average Monthly Price

Average Download
($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
16.53
5.00
19.77
4.00
20.54
1.50
22.62
6.00
22.74
8.06
25.42
4.25
25.51
5.00
25.73
4.00
25.95
3.75
33.17
2.00
36.69
5.00
37.54
4.00
37.60
3.70
39.15
5.50
41.29
3.50
41.84
2.50
42.10
8.00
42.83
2.79
43.71
4.58
44.21
7.50
45.58
5.90
63.61
7.00
63.78
3.40
159.15
4.00
55
1
1
1
1
3
4
1
4
4
1
1
4
10
2
4
6
1
30
6
2
6
12
5
1
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4d
Standalone Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed 10 to 25 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Country
Austria
Bulgaria
Portugal
Italy
Netherlands
Germany
Lithuania
Finland
Poland
Denmark
Sweden
Japan
Korea
Estonia
Hungary
Greece
Slovakia
Israel
Singapore
Turkey
Hong Kong
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Czech Republic
Luxembourg
Chile
Slovenia
Norway
Belgium
Mexico
Brazil
India
Switzerland
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
20.90
13.75
5
21.04
17.50
4
23.60
15.00
1
24.02
16.00
5
24.92
21.67
3
25.76
16.00
1
26.12
10.67
3
26.75
11.67
6
27.92
15.22
9
29.24
16.67
3
30.55
16.50
5
30.95
12.00
8
35.01
12.35
17
36.18
20.00
2
36.32
16.67
3
42.51
19.33
3
43.00
13.75
4
43.88
14.25
8
44.83
17.00
3
48.41
17.60
5
49.26
14.00
2
53.03
56.85
57.59
58.76
59.86
60.14
61.29
68.14
135.08
161.16
56
16.44
15.83
15.80
14.62
14.50
12.00
15.00
11.67
11.20
16.43
9
6
5
13
8
1
2
3
5
7
DA 15-132
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Country
Bulgaria
Israel
Poland
Germany
Austria
Finland
Korea
Hong Kong
United Kingdom
Denmark
Sweden
France
Lithuania
Estonia
Italy
Japan
Norway
Greece
Switzerland
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Singapore
Ireland
Hungary
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Slovenia
Iceland
United States
Turkey
Canada
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
21.38
18.33
24.40
14.00
24.64
15.67
25.67
20.00
26.08
13.60
27.74
12.00
28.02
14.29
28.46
10.00
30.04
16.00
30.46
17.50
32.96
12.80
32.99
15.00
33.11
14.40
34.21
14.00
35.52
18.57
36.59
12.00
39.90
14.40
40.24
19.33
40.40
14.44
42.51
15.00
46.93
20.00
47.20
25.00
48.57
24.00
50.30
16.67
51.81
15.00
57.87
14.25
58.80
15.80
59.53
14.85
64.61
12.40
68.86
18.00
78.60
18.00
98.71
18.33
57
9
3
3
1
5
5
7
1
1
2
5
1
5
3
7
6
5
3
9
3
3
2
1
3
5
4
5
20
10
7
4
3
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4e
Standalone Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage <25 Mbps
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Country
Lithuania
Austria
Bulgaria
Netherlands
France
Portugal
Germany
Finland
Poland
Italy
Ireland
Denmark
Sweden
Estonia
Japan
Hungary
Korea
Slovakia
Singapore
Greece
United States
Hong Kong
Israel
Czech Republic
Chile
Luxembourg
Slovenia
Mexico
Belgium
Brazil
Norway
Turkey
India
Switzerland

Plan
($PPP)
Speed
Count
19.87
6.71
21.02
11.62
21.04
17.50
22.98
16.00
22.98
8.00
23.60
15.00
25.76
16.00
26.63
8.50
26.63
13.80
28.10
13.57
29.00
3.87
29.24
16.67
29.46
12.00
29.53
9.33
31.87
7.86
32.31
6.77
35.01
12.35
37.98
10.83
41.37
8.75
42.51
19.33
44.11
7.59
45.42
9.38
47.56
11.42
47.64
11.00
48.45
9.18
50.32
13.13
51.64
7.33
52.06
7.86
54.60
8.00
58.18
6.71
59.53
8.92
60.09
10.00
100.39
6.15
194.09
9.67
58
7
8
4
3
1
1
1
10
10
7
3
3
9
6
18
5
17
6
4
3
17
4
12
13
11
8
33
7
2
7
12
17
13
12
DA 15-132
Table 4e (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
Country
Bulgaria
Israel
Poland
Hong Kong
Austria
Germany
Finland
Korea
Estonia
United Kingdom
Denmark
Sweden
Switzerland
Lithuania
Italy
Slovakia
Norway
Japan
Greece
Netherlands
Czech Republic
Hungary
France
Brazil
Ireland
Slovenia
Chile
Mexico
Iceland
Turkey
United States
Canada
India

Average Download
($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
21.59
17.50
8
22.43
11.75
4
23.42
12.75
4
24.50
5.75
2
24.82
11.52
8
25.67
20.00
1
26.94
8.33
9
28.02
14.29
7
29.37
8.29
7
30.04
16.00
1
30.46
17.50
2
32.96
12.80
5
35.79
11.31
13
36.11
7.27
15
37.45
16.11
9
38.26
12.50
4
38.85
9.78
9
40.15
8.29
12
40.24
19.33
3
42.10
8.00
1
43.49
15.50
4
43.50
10.00
3
43.78
7.20
7
45.57
6.50
10
48.57
24.00
1
49.19
7.26
49
51.02
10.33
9
51.63
11.33
6
60.79
11.82
11
67.36
9.75
16
68.62
10.73
11
83.92
15.00
2
159.15
4.00
1
59
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4f
Standalone Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed 25 to 50 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Country
Lithuania
Austria
Slovakia
Bulgaria
Sweden
Hungary
Netherlands
Poland
Japan
Korea
Estonia
Denmark
Finland
Hong Kong
Czech Republic
Portugal
Ireland
Belgium
Luxembourg
Israel
Switzerland
Singapore
Chile
25
26
27
28
29
Turkey
Norway
Slovenia
Brazil
India
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
13.75
50.00
1
20.76
38.33
3
26.57
30.00
2
29.69
40.00
2
30.52
30.00
1
31.09
50.00
1
32.03
47.50
4
34.38
38.33
6
35.96
40.85
13
37.13
50.00
7
39.00
50.00
2
39.18
40.00
4
42.71
35.00
2
43.59
40.00
2
47.10
40.00
4
47.16
30.00
1
49.59
50.00
1
55.03
30.00
1
61.52
40.00
2
62.12
34.00
5
62.34
40.00
4
67.58
36.67
3
71.38
37.50
4
75.34
78.23
89.98
139.52
161.15
60
50.00
35.71
40.00
42.50
40.00
1
7
4
2
1
DA 15-132
Table 4f (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Country
Lithuania
Denmark
Hong Kong
Hungary
Slovakia
Bulgaria
Korea
Poland
Austria
Israel
Greece
Estonia
Sweden
Finland
United Kingdom
Japan
Czech Republic
Norway
Belgium
Switzerland
Singapore
Netherlands
Iceland
United States
Chile
Slovenia
Brazil
Mexico
Canada
Turkey
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
20.03
47.50
20.60
30.00
23.54
50.00
24.44
30.00
26.84
45.00
27.31
42.00
27.42
50.00
29.31
40.00
30.43
30.00
31.64
36.67
36.23
50.00
38.48
40.00
39.08
50.00
39.51
40.00
41.61
34.00
45.22
42.11
47.61
42.50
50.43
35.00
51.00
40.00
62.45
36.25
62.51
50.00
63.68
45.00
65.79
50.00
69.08
45.00
71.99
40.00
93.30
43.33
94.89
42.50
103.13
43.33
143.84
50.00
236.57
42.50
61
4
1
1
1
2
5
9
4
1
3
1
4
2
2
2
9
4
4
3
4
1
2
9
4
3
6
2
3
1
2
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4g
Standalone Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed >50 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Country
Lithuania
Korea
Hungary
Slovakia
Sweden
Japan
Czech Republic
Switzerland
Estonia
Poland
Austria
Bulgaria
Netherlands
Finland
Hong Kong
Ireland
Luxembourg
Denmark
Israel
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Portugal
Chile
Singapore
Canada
Norway
India
Brazil
Turkey
Slovenia
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
27.78
147.62
21
40.10
105.58
43
41.41
120.00
1
42.57
90.00
6
43.11
182.92
12
43.81
112.49
37
47.57
93.33
3
48.10
100.00
1
48.15
100.00
2
49.05
95.00
8
50.47
100.00
2
53.00
100.00
1
53.36
90.00
2
57.80
190.00
4
62.48
440.77
13
67.00
125.00
2
68.96
110.00
2
88.42
87.50
2
98.74
100.00
3
125.12
125.69
134.84
158.66
171.99
238.34
301.31
373.76
387.13
62
80.00
100.00
275.00
175.00
130.00
90.00
100.00
550.00
252.00
2
2
6
2
6
2
1
2
10
DA 15-132
Table 4g (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Country
Austria
Italy
Lithuania
Korea
Poland
Slovakia
Hungary
Bulgaria
Japan
Denmark
Switzerland
Estonia
Finland
Ireland
Israel
Sweden
United Kingdom
Czech Republic
Hong Kong
Belgium
Netherlands
Singapore
Chile
Canada
Mexico
United States
Norway
Brazil
Slovenia
Turkey
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
27.80
75.00
31.32
100.00
33.07
210.00
34.40
175.79
42.07
90.00
42.97
183.33
43.72
140.00
43.84
112.50
43.98
206.69
45.92
90.00
46.65
112.50
47.28
100.00
47.46
183.33
48.57
70.00
48.79
100.00
49.63
376.84
54.46
80.00
54.72
153.33
70.19
440.77
79.24
96.67
80.48
133.33
91.86
311.11
116.36
93.33
124.12
175.00
144.01
100.00
147.33
192.86
155.71
147.50
210.92
100.00
379.72
254.00
598.59
550.00
63
2
3
34
38
4
6
3
4
39
1
2
2
3
1
3
19
2
3
13
3
3
9
3
2
2
7
4
1
10
2
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4h
Double Play Broadband Plans with Usage Limits Download Speed <25 Mbps
2012
Price
per
GB
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Average
Monthly
Price
Rank
10
13
9
5
1
14
7
2
4
3
12
11
6
8
Country
Ireland
United States
Australia
United Kingdom
Turkey
India
Sweden
Germany
Austria
Slovakia
New Zealand
Brazil
Italy
Belgium
Price per
GB
($PPP/GB)
0.94
1.19
1.47
2.22
2.98
4.14
4.18
6.07
11.34
16.53
19.24
35.36
41.76
43.61
Average
Monthly
Average
Price
Download
Data
Plan
($PPP)
Speed
Limit Count
58.35
11.00
177.1
14
82.45
12.48
190.5
20
52.23
24.00
242.5
10
34.91
15.50
25.0
4
31.88
17.33
29.8
6
181.72
11.71
88.2
7
41.78
8.50
10.0
4
31.91
16.00
16.3
4
34.03
8.00
3.0
1
33.06
6.67
2.0
3
68.86
15.00
36.8
11
66.38
4.25
4.4
16
41.76
15.00
1.0
4
43.61
1.00
1.0
1
2013
Price
per
GB
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Average
Monthly
Price
Rank
2
8
10
5
7
9
12
3
6
1
11
4
Country
Denmark
Ireland
United States
Germany
Canada
Australia
India
United Kingdom
Turkey
Austria
New Zealand
Italy
Average
Price per
Monthly
Average
GB
Price
Download
Data
Plan
($PPP/GB)
($PPP)
Speed
Limit
Count
0.14
27.12
15.00
200.00
1
0.84
53.76
8.73
115.45
11
1.59
78.21
9.85
196.00
30
2.58
37.40
12.50
135.00
4
3.29
49.39
5.00
15.00
1
3.36
62.58
19.33
243.94
18
3.41
89.46
6.76
55.36
25
3.53
35.27
16.00
10.00
1
3.71
46.51
16.00
28.00
2
7.79
23.38
8.00
3.00
1
18.84
81.71
12.00
41.46
26
36.83
36.83
15.00
1.00
4
64
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4i
Double Play Broadband Plans with Usage Limits Download Speed 25 Mbps
2012
Price
Average
Price per
Average
Average
per GB Monthly
GB
Monthly
Download Data Plan
Rank
Price Rank Country
($PPP/GB) Price ($PPP)
Speed
Limit Count
1
6 United States
0.32
80.30
35 250.0
4
2
5 Ireland
0.32
66.71
75 283.3
3
3
3 Belgium
0.55
54.97
30 100.0
2
4
4 Turkey
0.65
65.04
75 100.0
2
5
2 United Kingdom
1.01
40.43
38
40.0
1
6
1 Italy
29.21
29.21
100
1.0
3
2013
Price
per GB
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Average
Monthly
Price
Rank
3
9
5
7
6
10
2
4
8
1
Country
Denmark
United States
Belgium
Ireland
Turkey
Canada
Germany
United Kingdom
Australia
Italy
Price per
GB
($PPP/GB)
0.04
0.34
0.45
1.02
1.07
1.07
1.09
1.19
2.50
28.94
65
Average
Monthly
Average
Price
Download Data
Plan
($PPP/GB)
Speed
Limit
Count
39.01
63.33 1200.00
3
87.05
36.67
252.78
18
52.58
30.00
120.00
5
54.29
66.67
136.67
12
53.31
50.00
121.25
4
97.99
28.33
93.33
3
37.98
54.17
205.00
6
47.66
38.00
40.00
1
69.44
28.25
198.50
20
28.94
100.00
1.00
3
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4j
Double Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed <10 Mbps
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Country
Denmark
Czech Republic
Estonia
Singapore
Finland
Germany
Luxembourg
Austria
Sweden
Netherlands
Slovakia
Italy
Greece
Norway
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Belgium
Mexico
Ireland
Chile
Brazil
Turkey
India

($PPP)
21.38
24.06
26.06
28.61
29.40
31.08
32.55
34.24
38.31
40.93
44.99
45.64
47.39
48.28
Average Download
Speed
6.00
1.00
3.67
6.00
4.00
5.00
5.00
8.06
6.80
8.00
5.00
7.60
2.00
5.00
49.15
54.92
55.10
64.05
69.48
77.22
81.18
4.00
5.20
8.00
5.00
5.00
8.00
4.62
Plan Count
1
2
3
1
1
3
2
3
5
2
1
5
2
7
1
10
1
2
3
2
13
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Country
Portugal
Finland
Estonia
India
Austria
Luxembourg
Switzerland
Netherlands
Italy
Mexico
Norway
United States
Greece
France

($PPP)
27.56
28.84
29.23
30.54
31.04
34.98
39.24
40.55
46.33
48.57
52.51
69.82
78.69
86.40
66
Average Download Speed

2.00
4.00
4.33
0.51
8.00
7.57
6.00
8.00
7.60
5.00
5.00
3.17
4.00
5.64
Plan Count
2
1
6
1
5
7
3
2
5
6
7
6
3
5
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4k
Double Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed 10 to 25 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Country
Bulgaria
Sweden
Italy
Denmark
Singapore
Korea
Czech Republic
Greece
Germany
Spain
Finland
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Turkey
Norway
Slovakia
Luxembourg
Poland
Austria
Belgium
Ireland
Switzerland
Chile
United States
Brazil
Mexico
India
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
26.40
16.25
4
29.38
17.00
2
30.35
20.00
2
31.67
16.09
11
32.92
12.50
2
34.92
10.00
14
40.52
13.75
4
41.03
24.00
6
41.69
16.00
5
42.03
13.00
4
42.25
14.67
3
45.04
20.00
6
48.03
15.00
2
49.02
16.00
1
54.47
15.00
14
58.72
10.00
1
59.24
15.00
4
59.87
16.80
25
59.92
18.00
2
60.24
12.00
1
66.71
24.00
1
79.13
20.42
12
80.77
15.00
5
80.83
18.00
9
83.67
12.50
6
96.26
16.67
3
125.06
16.00
4
67
DA 15-132
Table 4k (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Country
Korea
Germany
Israel
Bulgaria
Austria
Denmark
Brazil
Italy
France
United Kingdom
Sweden
Finland
Czech Republic
Spain
Greece
Luxembourg
Norway
Switzerland
Poland
Singapore
Netherlands
Mexico
United States
Portugal
Chile
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
23.47
10.00
24.84
16.00
28.94
12.00
29.80
15.00
30.71
20.00
35.34
15.83
35.34
10.00
35.94
20.00
38.96
15.83
39.72
16.00
40.86
10.00
41.45
14.67
45.21
20.00
49.12
15.00
50.42
24.00
51.30
19.07
51.58
15.00
54.57
15.00
59.65
16.31
63.47
15.00
68.17
20.00
69.64
10.57
82.95
17.95
86.01
15.00
90.98
15.00
68
8
3
1
3
2
6
1
8
6
2
2
3
2
4
10
28
14
2
26
1
6
7
19
2
5
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4l
Double Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed <25 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Country
Estonia
Bulgaria
Denmark
Singapore
Korea
Czech Republic
Sweden
Germany
Finland
Italy
Spain
Greece
Netherlands
Austria
United Kingdom
Luxembourg
Slovakia
Norway
Belgium
Poland
Ireland
Mexico
United States
Turkey
Chile
Brazil
Switzerland
India
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Plan
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Count
26.06
3.67
28.14
13.33
30.81
15.25
31.48
10.33
34.92
10.00
35.03
9.50
35.76
9.71
37.71
11.88
39.04
12.00
41.27
11.14
42.03
13.00
42.62
18.50
44.01
17.00
45.54
12.04
48.03
15.00
50.34
11.67
51.86
7.50
52.41
11.67
54.69
8.00
59.87
16.80
60.90
16.00
64.46
7.85
67.10
10.67
67.82
10.67
76.00
12.14
78.94
10.00
83.06
20.00
91.73
7.29
69
3
3
12
3
14
6
7
8
4
7
4
8
8
5
2
6
2
21
2
25
2
13
12
3
7
9
11
17
DA 15-132
Table 4l (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Country
Korea
Germany
Israel
Bulgaria
Austria
Denmark
Brazil
Italy
France
United Kingdom
Sweden
Finland
Czech Republic
Spain
Greece
Luxembourg
Norway
Switzerland
Poland
Singapore
Netherlands
Mexico
United States
Portugal
Chile

($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
23.47
10.00
24.84
16.00
28.94
12.00
29.80
15.00
30.71
20.00
35.34
15.83
35.34
10.00
35.94
20.00
38.96
15.83
39.72
16.00
40.86
10.00
41.45
14.67
45.21
20.00
49.12
15.00
50.42
24.00
51.30
19.07
51.58
15.00
54.57
15.00
59.65
16.31
63.47
15.00
68.17
20.00
69.64
10.57
82.95
17.95
86.01
15.00
90.98
15.00
70
8
3
1
3
2
6
1
8
6
2
2
3
2
4
10
28
14
2
26
1
6
7
19
2
5
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4m
Double Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed >25 to 50 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Country
Bulgaria
Germany
Estonia
Hong Kong
Austria
Slovakia
Switzerland
Czech Republic
Denmark
Sweden
Netherlands
Ireland
Spain
Greece
Luxembourg
Belgium
Italy
Norway
Poland
Chile
United States
Mexico
Brazil
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
26.50
50.00
1
36.38
38.00
3
36.59
40.00
1
38.64
50.00
2
38.89
35.00
2
40.30
30.00
2
41.72
50.00
2
42.76
40.00
2
44.02
40.71
7
44.91
30.00
3
47.14
42.00
5
51.04
50.00
1
51.88
36.67
3
58.99
44.29
7
61.45
38.57
7
65.26
30.00
4
65.57
30.00
2
66.38
35.00
14
77.60
42.22
9
80.53
35.00
2
109.21
44.00
10
125.47
30.00
2
149.71
42.50
6
71
DA 15-132
Table 4m (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Country
Germany
Israel
Bulgaria
Austria
Estonia
Denmark
Hong Kong
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Luxembourg
Spain
United Kingdom
Ireland
Belgium
Norway
Switzerland
Netherlands
Italy
Sweden
Poland
Greece
United States
Mexico
Chile
Average Monthly
Price ($PPP)
29.01
31.12
35.63
35.92
35.93
36.15
37.65
41.88
49.38
49.98
51.19
52.47
59.00
62.50
65.90
66.83
68.91
69.59
77.50
77.79
86.31
97.62
107.18
113.73
72
Average Download
Speed
Plan Count
50.00
30.00
50.00
32.50
40.00
39.00
50.00
50.00
45.00
33.33
38.33
35.33
50.00
38.75
35.00
30.00
42.00
30.00
50.00
43.75
44.29
46.92
40.00
40.00
1
1
1
2
1
5
2
1
2
6
3
3
2
8
14
2
5
3
1
8
7
13
4
1
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4n
Double Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed >50 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Country
Brazil
Germany
Bulgaria
Korea
Estonia
Sweden
Hong Kong
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Ireland
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Denmark
Poland
Spain
United States
Chile
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
8.86
100.00
3
25.76
100.00
1
36.48
125.00
2
37.26
100.00
19
46.57
150.00
1
51.22
232.86
7
51.31
337.14
7
55.90
60.00
1
56.21
93.33
3
59.74
125.00
2
60.46
118.00
2
70.47
190.00
4
77.65
98.00
5
79.36
91.67
3
80.66
76.67
6
84.17
100.00
2
89.99
75.00
1
91.51
80.00
1
73
DA 15-132
Table 4n (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Country
Korea
Germany
Estonia
Denmark
Slovakia
Spain
Austria
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Ireland
Czech Republic
Hong Kong
Sweden
Luxembourg
Poland
Netherlands
Brazil
Belgium
France
Chile
United States

($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
30.65
100.00
13
36.45
150.00
2
45.74
150.00
1
45.92
90.00
1
55.04
200.00
5
59.54
100.00
3
60.01
150.00
1
61.42
78.00
4
62.37
108.33
6
65.52
130.00
6
67.59
153.33
3
68.05
337.14
7
68.60
243.17
6
74.97
235.56
9
81.80
76.67
6
88.32
190.00
4
94.46
150.00
2
99.36
85.00
2
107.80
1000.00
1
135.52
115.00
2
137.24
127.78
9
74
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4o
Triple Play Broadband Plans with Usage Limits Download Speed <25 Mbps
2012
Price
per
GB
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Average
Monthly
Price
Rank
Price per
Average
Average
GB
Monthly
Download Data
Plan
Country
($PPP/GB) Price ($PPP) Speed
Limit
Count
7 United States
0.54
81.45
12.17
208.3
6
10 Canada
0.67
98.67
13.33
150.0
3
1 United Kingdom
1.63
26.85
16.00
20.0
6
9 Israel
1.75
91.04
12.00
52.0
1
11 Brazil
2.15
134.76
9.42
68.3
12
8 New Zealand
2.47
82.97
15.00
40.0
3
6 Australia
3.31
74.43
20.00
226.3
4
2 Turkey
5.65
48.12
10.67
9.7
3
3 Germany
51.51
51.51
16.00
1.0
3
4 Spain
66.01
66.01
10.00
1.0
1
5 Italy
69.90
69.90
20.00
1.0
1
2013
Price
Average
per GB Monthly
Rank
Price Rank
1
4
2
7
3
5
4
6
5
1
6
2
7
3
Price per
Average
Average
GB
Monthly
Download Data
Plan
Country
($PPP/GB) Price ($PPP) Speed
Limit
Count
Australia
0.50
94.06
20.00 266.67
3
United States
0.52
104.66
11.33 225.00
6
Canada
2.30
94.58
8.33
88.33
3
New Zealand
2.84
95.38
15.00
40.00
3
United Kingdom
30.99
61.98
16.00
2.00
1
Italy
55.36
63.27
20.00
1.00
3
Spain
88.92
65.63
20.00
1.08
4
75
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4p
Triple Play Broadband Plans with Usage Limits Download Speed 25 Mbps
2012
Price
per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Price
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
5
7
1
6
3
2
4
Average
Average
Price per GB Monthly
Download Data Plan
Country
($PPP/GB)
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Limit Count
United States
0.35
87.09
43.75
250
4
Canada
0.40
160.05
50.00
400
1
United Kingdom
0.85
34.10
38.00
40
1
New Zealand
1.01
123.55
100.00
125
2
Australia
2.30
77.61
53.33 267.5
6
Italy
61.14
61.14
100.00
1
2
Spain
79.23
79.23
100.00
1
1
2013
Price
Average
per GB Monthly
Rank
Price Rank Country
1
1 Turkey
2
7 Australia
3
6 Belgium
4
11 United States
5
9 Canada
6
10 New Zealand
7
3 United Kingdom
8
5 Ireland
9
2 Italy
10
4 Spain
11
8 Singapore
Average
Price per
Monthly
Average
GB
Price
Download Data
Plan
($PPP/GB) ($PPP)
Speed
Limit
Count
0.49
36.40
25.00
75.00
1
0.50
94.06
28.33
266.67
9
0.55
73.30
37.50
137.50
4
0.57
151.18
65.00
268.18
11
0.98
114.84
30.63
151.25
8
1.06
129.38
100.00
125.00
2
1.32
52.94
38.00
40.00
1
2.30
69.00
85.00
30.00
2
49.00
49.00
100.00
1.00
2
124.13
61.60
46.43
0.71
7
109.52
200.00
1
76
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4q
Triple Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed <10 Mbps
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Country
Estonia
Luxembourg
Portugal
Sweden
Switzerland
Austria
Netherlands
Italy
Slovenia
Greece
Norway
Mexico
Turkey
Chile
Brazil
Singapore
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
23.28
3.00
2
36.23
5.00
3
38.50
6.00
1
40.52
8.33
6
43.80
5.00
1
48.41
9.00
1
50.35
8.00
1
52.43
7.50
2
59.37
2.23
23
62.44
2.00
2
62.63
5.00
12
74.42
5.50
4
77.44
8.00
2
83.38
4.00
3
83.51
2.00
2
84.14
6.00
8
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Country
Estonia
Italy
Austria
Switzerland
Netherlands
Slovenia
Mexico
Luxembourg
Greece
Chile
Singapore
Brazil
United States
Average Monthly
Price ($PPP)
22.86
23.03
35.03
39.25
49.88
57.74
57.96
65.62
74.38
77.23
82.48
84.05
99.79
77
Average Download Speed Plan Count

3.00
2
7.00
1
8.00
1
5.75
4
8.00
1
2.54
21
5.50
2
5.25
12
4.00
2
2.67
3
6.00
8
2.00
2
3.50
6
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4r
Triple Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed 10 to 25 Mbps
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Country
Spain
Korea
Hungary
France
Austria
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Estonia
Germany
Denmark
Luxembourg
Switzerland
Portugal
Singapore
Norway
Greece
Slovenia
Poland
21 Chile
22 Mexico
23 Brazil
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
31.32
16.00
2
31.44
10.00
10
34.24
18.33
6
36.05
23.00
5
36.73
25.00
1
37.51
18.33
3
44.79
15.33
3
45.69
15.00
2
49.13
12.00
1
50.71
16.00
1
51.46
17.50
2
55.30
17.56
9
55.85
17.00
5
63.05
13.00
3
66.49
14.44
9
68.83
15.00
24
74.21
24.00
2
75.48
13.69
13
77.74
15.00
6
100.87
119.88
137.47
78
15.00
20.00
13.00
3
1
15
DA 15-132
Table 4r(continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Country
Netherlands
Italy
Austria
Hungary
Korea
Bulgaria
Estonia
Sweden
United Kingdom
Spain
France
Switzerland
Singapore
Denmark
Greece
Slovenia
Poland
Mexico
Luxembourg
United States
Chile
Brazil
Canada
Average Monthly
Price ($PPP)
30.57
30.81
32.35
34.33
38.18
44.77
48.25
48.41
51.68
55.85
56.52
60.70
65.18
66.81
67.19
73.31
77.46
83.12
92.42
101.27
102.04
117.47
130.54
79
Average Download
Speed
Plan Count
20.00
20.00
25.00
18.33
10.00
10.00
12.00
10.00
16.00
15.00
16.18
15.00
14.44
20.00
24.00
15.94
15.00
10.67
15.28
16.70
15.00
11.76
25.00
1
1
1
6
2
1
1
1
4
4
17
2
9
1
2
18
6
3
25
10
3
17
1
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4s
Triple Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed <25 Mbps
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Country
Hungary
Spain
Korea
Estonia
France
Bulgaria
Sweden
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Austria
Luxembourg
Germany
Denmark
Italy
Portugal
Switzerland
Slovenia
Norway
Greece
Singapore
Turkey
Poland
Mexico
Chile
United States
Brazil
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
30.14
15.00
4
31.32
16.00
2
31.44
10.00
10
31.90
6.00
3
34.90
20.00
2
39.68
15.00
2
40.52
8.33
6
44.79
15.33
3
47.24
12.67
3
48.41
9.00
1
50.53
14.42
12
50.71
16.00
1
51.46
17.50
2
52.43
7.50
2
56.91
11.25
4
56.93
13.00
5
65.19
6.37
36
66.76
11.67
36
68.33
13.00
4
74.79
10.47
17
77.44
8.00
2
77.74
15.00
6
83.52
8.40
5
92.12
9.50
6
118.16
11.00
6
131.12
11.71
17
80
DA 15-132
Table 4s (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Country
Italy
Hungary
Estonia
Austria
Korea
Netherlands
Bulgaria
Switzerland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Spain
France
Slovenia
Denmark
Greece
Mexico
Singapore
Poland
Luxembourg
Chile
United States
Brazil
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
26.92
13.50
30.22
15.00
31.32
6.00
35.03
8.00
38.18
10.00
40.22
14.00
44.77
10.00
46.40
8.83
48.41
10.00
51.68
16.00
55.85
15.00
56.52
16.18
64.66
8.30
66.81
20.00
70.79
14.00
73.06
8.60
73.32
10.47
77.46
15.00
83.73
12.03
89.63
8.83
100.52
10.87
113.13
9.06
81
2
4
3
1
2
2
1
6
1
4
4
17
38
1
4
5
17
6
37
6
15
17
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4t
Triple Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed 25 to 50 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Country
Slovakia
Hungary
Bulgaria
Spain
Sweden
Estonia
Portugal
Austria
Denmark
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Hong Kong
Switzerland
Singapore
Norway
Ireland
Poland
Israel
Slovenia
Chile
22 Brazil
23 Mexico
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
36.83
30.00
39.65
40.00
39.81
50.00
41.20
40.00
41.84
30.00
42.86
45.00
52.06
36.67
54.07
50.00
54.59
36.67
57.53
37.50
58.71
38.00
59.41
50.00
75.20
50.00
78.05
50.00
80.81
35.00
82.95
50.00
85.31
33.33
95.97
30.00
97.56
30.00
109.01
36.67
162.07
166.77
82
42.50
30.00
1
4
1
2
3
2
3
2
3
4
5
1
3
12
24
2
3
1
1
3
18
1
DA 15-132
Table 4t (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Country
Bulgaria
Hungary
Estonia
Slovakia
Denmark
Czech Republic
Spain
Sweden
France
Hong Kong
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Israel
Netherlands
Ireland
Luxembourg
Singapore
Greece
Slovenia
Poland
Portugal
Brazil
Chile
United States
Mexico
Belgium
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
39.60
50.00
39.75
40.00
42.09
45.00
42.44
50.00
43.53
35.00
45.38
40.00
48.78
50.00
52.48
50.00
53.76
50.00
57.88
50.00
63.37
34.80
63.58
31.67
64.15
30.00
67.12
36.00
71.43
50.00
72.57
32.67
76.51
50.00
78.06
40.00
81.12
50.00
83.87
33.33
84.69
30.00
117.46
32.00
127.35
40.00
128.65
47.14
137.43
40.00
249.96
35.00
83
1
4
2
1
2
1
2
1
7
1
5
3
4
5
1
15
12
2
5
3
5
5
2
7
2
10
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 4u
Triple Play Broadband Plans with Unlimited Usage Download Speed >50 Mbps
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Country
Brazil
Korea
France
Sweden
Estonia
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Hungary
Switzerland
Slovakia
Hong Kong
Netherlands
Austria
Luxembourg
Spain
Portugal
Ireland
Poland
Singapore
Chile
Slovenia
Israel
2012
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
8.86
100.00
9
36.73
100.00
13
39.02
100.00
10
45.89
60.00
3
46.57
150.00
1
49.80
125.00
2
53.27
76.00
2
54.92
120.00
2
55.65
100.00
2
56.74
95.00
4
59.41
130.00
1
68.50
140.00
7
71.41
100.00
1
78.89
97.50
4
90.28
100.00
3
90.67
140.00
7
91.65
100.00
1
95.92
86.67
3
102.72
188.64
22
112.26
80.00
1
113.84
80.00
1
114.31
100.00
1
84
DA 15-132
Table 4u (continued)
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Country
Korea
Estonia
Slovakia
France
Hungary
Hong Kong
Bulgaria
Sweden
Czech Republic
Denmark
Austria
Switzerland
Spain
Netherlands
Ireland
Luxembourg
Poland
Israel
United Kingdom
Portugal
Singapore
Slovenia
Chile
United States
Belgium
Average Monthly
Average Download
Price ($PPP)
Speed
Plan Count
40.48
100.00
45.74
150.00
51.30
166.67
53.69
318.67
55.07
120.00
57.88
130.00
59.47
125.00
60.41
194.44
65.54
180.00
67.84
105.00
68.42
137.50
72.68
125.00
74.51
100.00
75.23
152.86
78.71
115.00
85.53
270.00
94.30
86.67
101.93
100.00
102.78
77.60
105.58
144.44
107.15
188.10
113.97
86.67
128.26
115.00
157.57
129.17
341.49
96.67
85
3
1
3
15
2
1
2
9
2
2
4
4
4
7
4
6
3
2
5
9
21
3
2
6
3
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 5
Average Price (US$) per Mbps of Download Speed by Country, 2011-2013
Country
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Lithuania
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
$/Mbps 2011
$/Mbps 2012
11.6
4.55
5.61
0.69
6.22
11.25
2.96
3.59
5.02
4.49
5.4
3.54
5.87
2.31
2.16
3.3
7.02
3.51
7.06
1.33
12.8
3.41
9.3
6.21
3.15
6.43
5.01
2.03
5.36
8.13
4.48
3.91
5.77
3.54
6.14
86
$/Mbps 2013
10.36
4.71
4.45
15.48
0.65
6.05
11.15
2.67
3.59
4.22
4.75
8.59
4.33
5.67
2.3
2.15
2.85
21.53
8.87
3.01
7.14
1.29
11.94
3.42
8.26
6.45
3.27
7.8
4.79
2.47
5.84
8.3
3.67
4.46
5.61
3.67
5.39
10.60
2.76
3.59
7.41
0.48
4.16
10.88
1.82
2.23
3.69
2.93
4.98
3.16
4.58
3.27
1.14
1.71
13.10
6.23
1.93
5.66
0.72
6.65
2.74
6.68
5.22
2.06
4.91
3.75
1.01
4.12
5.95
3.40
3.77
5.06
2.95
4.30
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 6
Average Weighted Price (US$) per Mbps of Download Speed
by U.S. States and International Countries
Lowest 25th Price
Percentile
Price
Country
US$/Mbps
Bulgaria
0.65
Lithuania
1.29
Hungary
2.15
Hong Kong
Slovakia
South Dakota
Czech
Republic
Iceland
Israel
Delaware
Rhode Island
Poland
Netherlands
New Jersey
Denmark
Sweden
United
Kingdom
Virginia
Maryland
Massachusetts
New York
2012
2.30 Washington
2.47 Wisconsin
2.59 Minnesota
4.52 Kansas
4.54 Turkey
4.63 Utah
5.53
5.61
5.64
Highest 25th Price

Percentile
Price
Country
US$/Mbps
Wyoming
7.07
Italy
7.14
Luxembourg
7.14
West
Virginia
7.32
Portugal
7.80
New Mexico
8.02
2.67
2.85
3.01
3.11
3.26
3.27
3.42
3.58
Oregon
Austria
Connecticut
Finland
Florida
Singapore
Arizona
Colorado
New
3.59 Hampshire
3.67 Hawaii
4.63
4.71
4.74
4.75
4.78
4.79
4.96
5.08
5.67
5.84
5.88
5.93
6.05
6.05
6.09
6.13
Idaho
New Zealand
Spain
Vermont
France
Mississippi
Iowa
Montana
5.10 Pennsylvania
5.12 Missouri
6.23 Ireland
6.27 Australia
8.87
10.36
3.67 Tennessee
5.13 Alabama
11.15
3.83 California
3.91 Kentucky
North
4.02 Carolina
South
4.08 Carolina
5.16 Norway
5.27 Illinois
6.28 Chile
District of
6.45 Columbia
6.49 Mexico
5.29 Oklahoma
6.52 Alaska
12.17
5.36 Arkansas
6.72 Brazil
15.48
Country
Germany
Belgium
Switzerland
Middle 50 Percent
Price
US$/Mbps Country
4.33 North Dakota
4.45 Nebraska
4.46 Georgia
87
Greece
Slovenia
Louisiana
Nevada
Canada
Ohio
Indiana
Michigan
Price
US$/Mbps
5.43
5.49
5.53
8.13
8.26
8.30
8.32
8.59
8.62
8.63
8.69
11.39
11.94
DA 15-132
Table 6 (continued)
2013
Lowest 25th Price
Percentile
Price
Country
US$/Mbps Country
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Slovakia
Hungary
0.48
0.72
1.01
1.14
5.19
5.22
5.27
5.28
3.54 West Virginia
Arkansas
Norway
Oklahoma
Indiana
New
4.45 Hampshire
Iceland
Czech
Republic
Israel
Poland
Denmark
South Dakota
Netherlands
Austria
Finland
United
Kingdom
Nevada
1.71 Washington
1.82
1.93
2.06
2.23
2.34
2.74
2.76
2.93
3.54
3.55
3.55
3.59
3.69
3.75
3.77
3.77
4.50
4.52
4.53
4.55
4.58
4.62
4.65
4.75
5.38
5.54
5.66
5.68
5.80
5.95
6.23
6.65
3.16
3.27
Virginia
New York
Hawaii
Belgium
Estonia
Singapore
Switzerland
Tennessee
North
Carolina
Wyoming
South
Carolina
Colorado
Germany
Hong Kong
Arizona
Oregon
Connecticut
Sweden
3.30
3.37
3.40
3.40
Utah
Slovenia
Canada
Missouri
2.95
3.13
Minnesota
New Jersey
Wisconsin
Rhode Island
Middle 50 percent
Price
US$/Mbps Country
3.46
3.50
3.53
3.53
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
California
Highest 25th Price

Percentile
Price
Price
US$/Mbps Country
US$/Mbps
Texas
Ohio
Louisiana
Alabama
Greece
Nebraska
Maine
New Mexico
4.21
4.23
4.31
4.44
Maryland
Idaho
Italy
Montana
Illinois
Spain
Ireland
Mexico
5.32
3.82 Iowa
3.86 Massachusetts
4.85 New Zealand

4.88 Mississippi
6.68
6.93
3.88 Portugal
3.91 North Dakota
4.91 Brazil
4.94 Alaska
7.41
7.47
3.92
4.12
4.16
4.20
4.97
4.98
5.06
5.07
5.11
Pennsylvania
France
Turkey
Michigan
Kansas
88
District of
Columbia
Australia
Chile
India
8.41
10.60
10.88
13.10
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 7a
Smartphone Data Plans with Usage Limits: <1 GB and Limited Minutes
2012
$ per
GB
Rank
1
2
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
2
15
Country
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
12
20
5
11
19
Estonia
Italy
Japan
India
Switzerland
France
40.77
55.30
57.36
64.55
65.49
65.58
4.08
21.42
28.68
10.31
20.68
27.17
0.10
0.42
0.50
0.34
0.37
0.44
21.60
14.40
7.28
7.20
13.23
136.00
333.33
50.00
10.00
65.00
82.11
9
10
11
12
13
14
4
14
18
21
26
31
Turkey
Australia
Hungary
Netherlands
Brazil
Ireland
70.10
78.99
82.64
86.48
91.24
96.59
7.41
22.11
26.03
29.03
36.04
46.27
0.19
0.39
0.37
0.35
0.38
0.51
7.20
5.00
5.50
4.40
2.54
19.47
228.57
237.75
157.00
0.00
240.00
200.00
2.26
8.91
3.78
7.28
7.98
23.58
21.80
31.81
58.38
44.33
132.45
64.86
7
8
10
7
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
32
3
13
30
8
35
97.47
97.94
108.86
118.73
119.73
134.02
47.04
7.10
21.45
45.10
17.74
66.57
0.52
0.16
0.29
0.41
0.38
0.53
6.49
7.20
20.00
7.20
30.53
144.38
65.00
443.75
485.00
112.50
1100.00
10.58
0.98
0.67
22.21
8.87
61.98
119.05
19.59
59.59
81.38
26.61
75.76
16
4
8
6
4
3
21
27
137.21
38.86
0.33
6.28
341.30
19.29
60.83
23
22
23
24
29
17
33
Spain
Luxembourg
Iceland
Mexico
Belgium
Greece
United
Kingdom
Czech
Republic
Germany
Chile
138.53
140.15
143.09
42.40
24.63
54.28
0.34
0.21
0.43
21.85
21.47
2.00
65.00
95.00
142.50
17.69
8.96
45.11
73.96
44.44
63.44
4
6
2
25
26
27
28
29
30
9
25
34
7
28
16
Norway
New Zealand
United States
Finland
Canada
Austria
152.94
169.34
202.47
207.10
226.19
244.94
18.65
35.50
60.74
16.17
41.61
24.49
0.30
0.34
0.30
0.17
0.27
0.10
41.00
6.88
31.00
16.00
125.00
12.50
238.33
162.31
450.00
300.00
1000.00
1000.00
11.33
14.64
51.49
14.14
36.81
15.88
26.57
86.96
69.99
18.21
44.81
33.11
6
13
2
2
3
2
31
32
33
34
24
10
22
6
Bulgaria
Slovenia
Hong Kong
Lithuania
254.59
387.08
1335.53
1778.56
35.01
19.07
31.25
13.38
0.29
0.25
0.29
0.11
34.36
14.34
23.07
21.00
805.45
254.04
1630.77
335.56
15.71
4.89
14.45
3.43
93.21
64.50
50.56
29.05
11
25
13
9
Poland
Portugal
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
18.45
37.51
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
5.86
22.50
0.37
0.60
89
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
100.00
7.20
Average
Minutes
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
7.56
22.50
Plan
Count
80.00
100.00
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
2.52
22.50
4.08
11.68
28.68
4.98
0.00
10.83
4.08
33.88
28.68
24.85
37.51
43.65
1
3
1
6
6
19
3
1

35
23
Korea
2074.17
34.06
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
Average
Monthly
Charge
17.16
22.49
23.15
38.64
39.55
58.51
59.49
65.71
80.27
81.29
90.35
92.77
100.89
102.89
107.20
108.27
110.38
115.94
123.59
126.06
128.04
133.89
0.30
DA 15-132
75.00
3128.14
6.20
76.14
28
Data
Cap
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Average
Minutes
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
8.84
6.75
5.79
10.74
23.75
15.13
20.03
22.38
40.14
23.23
45.18
33.14
26.81
21.21
37.26
25.55
31.72
86.96
18.25
40.67
24.21
38.31
0.53
0.30
0.25
0.34
0.60
0.34
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.32
0.50
0.42
0.28
0.35
0.39
0.30
0.31
0.75
0.26
0.41
0.27
0.38
21.00
71.00
14.40
20.00
10.54
42.00
24.70
666.67
30.00
120.00
82.31
266.00
12.22
150.00
783.00
125.00
251.20
350.00
179.17
85.00
72.22
260.00
105.00
85.00
1500.00
156.00
115.00
189.64
137.50
5.89
6.11
5.79
2.37
17.66
6.13
13.84
10.58
36.50
16.13
26.56
7.21
21.01
5.36
21.71
18.82
21.71
86.96
9.92
12.23
6.40
31.00
12.53
7.54
5.79
24.73
35.93
26.98
25.56
34.30
43.78
32.26
63.79
57.96
44.24
53.49
51.43
36.62
50.98
86.96
31.97
80.22
55.99
51.57
6
3
1
13
5
9
4
10
2
5
2
12
4
9
10
4
6
3
5
10
28
8
141.38
158.91
187.49
53.84
36.46
13.46
0.42
0.45
0.23
150.00
89.06
300.00
122.56
120.00
50.56
13.77
5.49
55.96
81.37
20.62
3
41
14
217.48
218.98
250.23
256.99
941.33
1239.86
2941.31
4634.88
8793.42
33.44
17.37
109.89
20.46
25.70
8.06
103.58
42.55
10.26
0.17
0.17
0.46
0.08
0.22
0.17
0.29
0.30
0.00
102.86
0.00
354.50
1000.00
50.00
186.67
1100.00
1461.54
0.00
10.92
14.87
35.90
12.88
4.67
2.83
26.00
17.24
3.82
36.58
19.86
283.04
32.81
32.71
28.82
203.55
78.82
20.55
14
2
20
3
6
12
16
13
6
2013
$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
4
2
1
6
16
8
11
14
27
15
30
22
20
13
25
18
21
32
10
28
17
26
23
24
25
31
24
7
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
23
9
34
12
19
3
33
29
5
Country
India
Denmark
Italy
Poland
New Zealand
Switzerland
Iceland
Bulgaria
Slovakia
Australia
Singapore
Netherlands
Mexico
Sweden
Ireland
Portugal
Hungary
Greece
Belgium
Spain
Slovenia
Germany
United
Kingdom
Korea
France
Czech
Republic
Finland
Brazil
Austria
Luxembourg
Lithuania
Turkey
Hong Kong
Japan
7.20
83.78
7.20
42.00
40.10
8.00
112.50
25.73
18.50
27.73
21.00
12.00
80.90
70.29
100.00
2.60
2.67
3.60
18.00
21.60
15.50
Appendix C
Table 7b
Smartphone Data Plans with Usage Limits: <1 GB and Unlimited Minutes
2012
90

$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
Country
DA 15-132
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
0.50
0.33
0.50
0.50
0.37
0.43
0.25
0.23
0.15
0.01
0.51
14.40
7.20
9.60
10.07
5.84
26.84
27.33
18.60
35.84
37.17
40.00
0.98
3.75
10.07326
14.01869
33.89371
50.21882
42.16348
61.21814
37.17238
54.99
27.42409
20.21174
1
3
2
6
7
4
1
2
4
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
5
8
6
9
7
10
4
3
Slovakia
Italy
Israel
France
Korea
Germany
Poland
United States
Luxembourg
Japan
20.15
38.16
60.74
78.95
110.37
117.88
148.69
217.48
1208.78
1290.03
10.07
10.51
30.37
39.48
31.45
44.94
37.17
47.50
10.77
10.73
$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
Country
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
10
5
7
8
4
12
13
3
14
9
21.90
59.44
67.44
75.21
87.73
97.51
106.70
135.59
188.66
193.98
222.47
10.95
47.55
33.72
37.60
43.87
25.01
53.35
67.80
21.99
70.12
46.73
0.50
0.80
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.41
0.50
0.50
0.18
0.38
0.37
14.40
1.50
100.00
100.00
7.20
72.18
129.55
64.00
14.40
16.03
16.89
10.95
47.55
33.72
37.60
43.87
13.19
18.74
40.77
10.42
5.00
16.06
10.95
47.55
33.72
37.60
43.87
31.62
81.04
95.23
33.56
125.00
67.54
1
2
1
1
2
10
11
3
2
18
14
12
13
14
6
11
2
Slovakia
Spain
Switzerland
Slovenia
Iceland
France
Canada
Hungary
Italy
United States
Germany
Czech
Republic
Portugal
Norway
243.85
256.62
494.82
36.58
51.32
13.90
0.15
0.20
0.09
100.00
36.58
51.32
9.23
36.58
51.32
18.56
1
1
2
11.70
21.60
42.00
2013
91
6.00
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 7c
Smartphone Data Plans with Usage Limits: 1 to <5 GB and Limited Minutes
2012
$ per
GB
Rank
Country
1
2
3
4
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
2
1
7
4
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
Iceland
Estonia
Switzerland
Sweden
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
5.58
7.34
7.43
8.36
11.69
9.40
20.28
17.42
3.00
1.50
3.00
2.40
5
6
7
8
9
10
6
5
3
11
10
8
Denmark
Slovakia
Lithuania
India
Poland
Slovenia
8.62
9.23
9.93
11.55
11.80
14.27
18.50
18.47
13.05
29.32
27.46
21.58
3.00
2.00
1.58
2.51
2.67
1.88
11
12
13
14
15
16
9
14
25
19
22
12
Luxembourg
Austria
Singapore
France
Brazil
Finland
17.14
17.42
19.05
19.10
19.31
19.43
22.85
36.50
57.19
45.02
50.14
32.96
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
15
13
21
17
16
20
35
Spain
Italy
Turkey
Australia
Norway
Korea
United States
22.60
22.77
22.78
26.88
28.50
28.79
30.10
24
25
26
27
28
29
24
30
18
28
26
23
Bulgaria
Canada
Belgium
Ireland
Hong Kong
Portugal
30
31
32
33
34
35
37
34
32
31
27
33
36
36
13.70
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
16.27
10.57
30.41
59.07
Plan
Count
400.00
125.50
0.00
1221.60
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
8.10
8.24
9.12
4.74
47.00
1.02
21.00
11.03
25.08
30.15
312.00
0.00
80.83
6.67
373.33
920.88
11.40
18.47
2.29
12.45
15.07
2.44
24.54
18.47
28.00
124.44
39.82
43.97
5
1
12
18
6
17
1.33
2.50
3.00
2.50
3.33
2.00
15.33
37.20
28.20
2.67
16.00
81.67
2250.00
240.00
60.00
257.78
950.00
9.79
21.66
37.86
38.18
22.87
25.33
34.28
50.56
95.60
54.60
148.40
40.59
3
8
5
4
9
2
37.62
33.08
47.33
43.75
41.57
46.36
84.54
1.78
1.63
2.45
1.73
1.65
1.69
3.28
5.93
18.51
7.20
16.67
41.00
75.00
21.50
162.22
968.75
1709.09
425.54
1650.00
4423.85
450.00
19.84
5.84
7.14
21.63
33.24
12.40
50.00
69.94
68.93
112.03
63.61
57.05
68.21
119.99
9
8
11
13
4
13
9
31.02
31.14
33.40
34.23
37.03
37.88
55.79
66.72
43.79
63.24
59.23
52.89
2.44
3.00
1.50
2.39
2.40
1.33
36.75
42.00
14.40
19.03
57.75
54.80
1531.25
0.00
317.50
459.09
3066.67
298.33
13.32
56.04
33.26
31.45
51.82
23.60
133.02
80.06
53.22
92.81
72.05
90.04
8
3
4
22
3
3
Mexico
Chile
Hungary
Netherlands
New Zealand
Czech Republic
42.39
46.23
48.60
49.24
51.56
55.48
90.12
83.44
72.97
69.33
60.76
73.96
2.79
2.40
1.86
1.55
1.64
1.60
20.00
8.00
12.40
12.04
6.27
42.00
792.50
338.00
364.29
0.00
66.67
75.00
27.80
48.80
17.64
31.28
28.96
36.94
232.08
102.47
141.81
148.43
96.04
110.98
12
5
7
29
9
2
Germany
60.21
87.45
1.50
100.00
120.00
65.95
108.96
92
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
7.20
11.80
Average
Minutes
6
2
6
10

United
Kingdom
Greece
37
38
29
38
64.54
75.18
64.54
103.31
$ per
GB
Rank
Country
1
2
3
4
5
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
2
1
12
13
11
6
7
8
9
10
11
1.00
1.38
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
Israel
Lithuania
Germany
Estonia
India
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
3.61
6.49
10.85
11.90
12.35
18.03
12.22
31.00
31.31
29.89
5.00
2.24
3.50
3.70
2.60
5
3
9
6
8
16
Italy
Switzerland
Austria
Luxembourg
Belgium
Iceland
13.77
14.37
14.89
14.95
15.39
16.76
25.65
20.99
29.07
25.70
28.81
34.18
12
13
14
15
16
17
24
10
17
7
4
14
Singapore
Czech Republic
Sweden
Denmark
France
Spain
18.22
18.28
18.68
19.14
21.99
25.41
18
19
20
21
22
23
15
19
18
21
28
20
Poland
Netherlands
Slovenia
Australia
Bulgaria
New Zealand
24
25
26
27
28
29
26
22
23
30
25
31
30
31
32
33
33
32
29
34
34
27
DA 15-132
7.20
15.95
975.00
837.50
53.41
75.76
75.67
137.74
4
4
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Average
Minutes
18.00
42.20
7.15
20.78
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
18.03
28.20
31.00
60.39
66.20
Plan
Count
300.00
480.00
100.00
386.00
855.17
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
18.03
5.67
31.00
8.79
12.52
2.18
1.64
2.33
2.50
2.00
3.67
40.08
53.60
9.00
7.20
34.87
21.87
363.64
17.14
1333.33
45.00
208.00
66.67
10.42
9.20
21.43
9.35
13.23
16.04
56.71
40.87
38.62
42.06
49.61
61.37
11
7
3
4
15
6
57.07
29.25
37.72
26.30
21.99
32.91
3.13
2.00
2.80
1.70
1.00
1.38
112.50
42.00
43.71
56.00
42.00
7.20
290.00
0.00
166.67
222.00
120.00
200.00
33.31
25.58
10.84
20.60
21.99
14.01
94.11
32.91
93.96
36.31
21.99
45.86
8
2
15
10
2
9
25.79
27.86
28.38
30.01
31.59
32.44
33.04
39.41
38.76
44.44
62.54
43.38
1.36
2.11
1.75
1.72
2.39
1.31
25.29
42.00
24.00
42.00
5.40
381.82
211.11
757.50
571.44
2508.89
483.33
7.43
10.67
14.40
25.81
34.42
23.75
56.94
72.09
135.19
67.10
132.44
72.47
11
9
16
9
9
9
Hong Kong
Portugal
Ireland
Hungary
Korea
Chile
33.57
36.94
38.00
38.10
38.23
42.97
60.21
53.38
53.71
84.59
59.79
86.18
2.40
1.80
1.50
2.33
1.81
2.25
57.75
21.60
21.00
60.00
117.86
9.12
1750.00
2098.00
250.00
400.00
166.38
463.08
19.35
24.85
44.57
40.84
38.81
48.38
114.00
102.79
62.86
131.98
143.96
145.20
8
5
4
3
36
13
Brazil
Turkey
Mexico
Greece
United
Kingdom
44.22
49.18
53.46
56.28
118.51
88.58
81.15
122.43
3.00
2.51
1.63
2.45
3.91
14.15
18.36
7.20
301.82
1998.65
669.17
2605.26
75.44
28.23
31.01
72.46
176.71
259.29
155.50
173.91
11
74
24
19
62.35
62.35
1.00
1200.00
62.35
62.35
2013
93
1
14
4
5
29
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 7d
Smartphone Data Plans with Usage Limits: 1 to <5 GB and Unlimited Minutes
2012
$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
Country
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
2
4
5
16
6
1
17
11
12
3
9
15
18
13
10
8
7
3.92
8.85
15.83
16.63
17.92
18.45
18.47
21.14
24.89
25.64
29.48
30.36
31.56
31.60
32.10
40.92
42.11
19.59
34.21
47.50
83.15
53.75
18.45
92.37
60.80
66.66
32.81
58.96
76.90
92.45
68.34
60.19
57.87
57.63
5.00
4.00
3.00
5.00
3.00
1.00
5.00
3.10
3.33
1.67
2.00
2.50
3.50
2.17
2.60
1.50
1.83
18
19
20
14
19
20
Luxembourg
Denmark
Japan
Belgium
Australia
Slovakia
Ireland
France
United States
Israel
Poland
Germany
Brazil
Spain
Canada
Korea
Italy
United
Kingdom
Portugal
Greece
48.10
77.95
110.19
73.26
155.91
165.29
$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
Country
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1
7
2
3
6
5
4
14
13
9
15
22
17
10
Lithuania
France
Denmark
Estonia
Switzerland
Israel
Norway
Belgium
Australia
Austria
Ireland
Korea
Slovakia
Slovenia
2.20
9.55
11.03
11.83
12.65
13.07
14.76
16.93
16.97
17.03
17.19
17.21
21.34
21.36
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
14.40
19.59
30.18
47.50
83.15
43.89
12.80
92.37
32.80
50.00
29.56
22.68
56.74
87.13
46.30
51.22
52.08
11.68
19.59
38.24
47.50
83.15
63.61
29.29
92.37
83.04
94.99
36.61
100.30
97.06
97.77
92.59
68.83
66.97
133.18
1
2
1
1
2
4
1
20
9
3
9
2
2
3
5
3
6
1.69
2.00
1.50
5.12
150.00
42.20
54.90
155.91
82.64
97.92
155.91
241.05
8
1
3
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
3.31
32.88
21.80
23.66
29.09
24.95
24.56
57.54
57.51
41.05
59.43
78.86
62.65
42.39
1.50
3.60
2.85
2.00
3.00
2.50
2.00
3.50
3.71
3.00
3.50
4.67
2.67
2.25
80.35
71.00
3.50
7.20
4.00
14.29
37.72
14.40
16.71
21.00
75.00
36.13
61.33
3.31
21.99
19.45
23.66
18.80
18.03
18.56
35.28
41.94
18.61
56.00
63.84
14.60
31.98
3.31
50.59
24.80
23.66
40.87
31.09
32.55
82.69
86.45
67.17
62.86
86.37
100.35
47.20
1
20
13
1
3
4
7
8
7
7
4
3
3
4
25.00
75.00
40.00
12.56
7.20
33.72
24.60
7.20
2.49
35.55
1.00
7.20
120.00
2013
94

15
11
16
17
18
19
20
21
12
19
8
20
24
18
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
16
21
25
27
28
23
26
Italy
United
Kingdom
Iceland
Spain
Poland
New Zealand
Canada
Czech
Republic
Germany
Netherlands
United States
Hungary
Portugal
Singapore
26.15
48.96
2.18
27.15
28.89
32.76
33.27
36.19
36.36
51.05
65.84
40.92
71.84
83.78
65.61
2.45
2.88
1.63
2.29
2.57
2.36
38.08
39.13
47.31
48.80
53.29
60.18
75.05
62.30
78.05
91.40
93.08
129.26
80.74
91.93
2.06
2.86
2.29
2.38
2.50
2.00
1.25
95
76.27
7.20
4.92
6.15
121.15
76.92
77.46
38.57
15.60
105.00
75.00
DA 15-132
17.25
97.80
11
30.93
51.19
27.17
39.64
60.29
22.79
76.58
80.48
68.99
98.61
109.01
105.35
11
4
7
11
7
39
51.24
24.99
69.13
35.00
122.45
58.68
82.55
73.23
111.89
134.08
145.00
136.07
102.79
101.31
26
14
7
50
2
4
2
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 7e
Smartphone Data Plans with Usage Limits: 5 GB and Limited Minutes
2012
$ per
GB
Rank
Country
1
2
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
3
1
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
Sweden
Slovenia
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
1.48
1.95
Average
Minutes
29.38
15.00
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
44.38
42.00
3
4
5
6
7
8
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
69.63
29.32
Plan
Coun
t
637.69
51.00
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
10.56
29.32
30.48
29.32
2
6
11
5
10
14
Iceland
Poland
Hungary
Denmark
Portugal
Italy
1.96
2.39
3.15
3.41
3.52
4.54
30.02
46.32
58.03
39.34
52.84
90.83
17.25
21.00
22.50
11.67
15.00
20.00
7.20
100.00
27.30
61.67
100.00
21.60
325.00
0.00
187.50
1840.00
0.00
3000.00
23.70
25.15
41.58
34.42
48.39
90.83
37.08
80.59
79.09
47.56
57.30
90.83
4
5
4
3
2
1
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
7
9
4
20
8
Hong Kong
Spain
Bulgaria
Austria
Chile
Turkey
4.81
4.96
5.19
5.29
5.34
6.48
99.13
49.60
51.93
36.65
170.85
51.88
22.50
10.00
10.00
8.00
32.00
8.00
100.00
21.75
42.00
2.00
8.00
3000.00
15.00
0.00
1500.00
1200.00
500.00
90.10
46.30
51.93
24.70
170.85
51.88
108.16
52.91
51.93
48.60
170.85
51.88
2
2
1
2
1
1
15
16
17
18
19
20
13
12
17
15
18
19
Mexico
India
Korea
Brazil
United States
Singapore
6.69
7.03
9.08
9.30
16.21
16.23
66.87
64.23
101.24
93.04
133.59
163.04
10.00
9.20
12.73
10.00
8.50
10.00
20.00
12.72
75.00
6.00
16.75
54.00
60.00
6.00
1781.82
0.00
450.00
1566.67
66.87
42.33
76.89
93.04
121.46
95.27
66.87
79.62
148.81
93.04
141.46
197.67
1
5
11
1
4
3
$ per
GB
Rank
Country
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
1.53
1.69
1.78
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
1
2
3
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
2
13
4
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
50.00
53.60
42.00
Average
Minutes
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
15.28
65.42
32.00
Plan
Count
300.00
100.00
0.00
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
15.28
51.40
29.28
15.28
56.07
30.64
10.00
35.00
17.50
4
5
6
7
3
5
7
8
2.75
2.87
4.70
4.76
22.67
43.06
47.01
47.55
8
9
9
19
Denmark
Iceland
Switzerland
Spain
Czech
Republic
Estonia
9.20
15.00
10.00
10.00
71.00
50.00
42.00
108.00
100.00
30.00
150.00
17.15
43.06
37.81
47.55
34.41
43.06
56.20
47.55
5
1
2
1
4.76
5.32
47.57
89.26
10.00
18.33
100.00
83.33
0.00
316.67
47.57
71.85
47.57
102.88
1
3
16
1
2013
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Slovenia
96
1
3
2
DA 15-132
10
11
Sweden
5.58
53.52
19.73
52.53
666.67
21.77
98.34
15
11
12
13
14
15
16
16
6
14
10
21
18
Hong Kong
Italy
India
Austria
Korea
Mexico
6.05
6.66
7.31
8.35
8.61
8.87
81.13
46.64
56.08
50.07
100.35
88.70
18.33
7.00
7.98
6.00
13.11
10.00
57.75
100.00
22.88
42.00
140.63
20.00
2514.29
0.00
1062.50
3000.00
711.11
40.00
34.83
46.64
36.85
50.07
57.58
88.70
159.92
46.64
72.18
50.07
150.22
88.70
7
2
16
1
18
1
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
17
15
20
22
23
25
24
Singapore
Ireland
Belgium
Turkey
Chile
Greece
Brazil
8.95
14.29
16.54
17.71
18.13
28.99
34.94
81.66
56.65
99.23
106.24
150.04
289.86
209.62
9.17
6.00
6.00
6.00
8.50
10.00
6.00
27.60
5.00
503.33
391.67
250.00
6000.00
1042.86
10000.00
612.50
39.62
29.04
99.23
92.87
116.15
289.86
141.27
179.73
85.71
99.23
110.70
169.40
289.86
293.16
6
6
1
4
7
2
8
24
25
1
12
Finland
Japan
12.32
75.00
60.00
0.00
4.89
29.16
19.76
71.34
5
10
13.63
54.94
97
86.00
7.20
9.26
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 7f
Smartphone Data Plans with Usage Limits: 5 GB and Unlimited Minutes
2012
$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
Country
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
8
4
3
6
7
5
Luxembourg
Denmark
Korea
Austria
Japan
United States
Germany
France
1.57
3.73
6.20
7.36
8.59
11.50
12.10
16.41
51.42
52.63
155.01
73.57
60.13
114.99
120.96
98.46
33.75
15.00
25.00
10.00
7.00
10.00
10.00
6.00
21.47
25.00
42.00
75.00
42.00
50.00
42.00
29.38
44.00
155.01
73.57
57.60
104.99
120.96
98.46
73.46
61.27
155.01
73.57
62.66
124.99
120.96
98.46
4
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
$ per
GB
Rank
Country
Price Per
GB of
Data
($PPP/GB)
2.99
4.31
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
30.36
43.12
13.00
10.00
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
71.00
7.20
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
25.20
36.79
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
36.31
49.46
Plan
Count
1
2
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
1
4
3
4
5
5
3
7
5.95
6.14
6.45
44.21
39.60
64.52
7.50
6.67
10.00
35.00
61.33
8.00
37.22
30.06
64.52
55.87
55.80
64.52
4
3
1
6.99
59.40
11.33
53.02
69.22
7
8
9
10
11
12
11
12
9
14
8
13
Norway
Austria
Australia
United
Kingdom
Czech
Republic
France
Ireland
Korea
Belgium
Canada
8.99
10.05
10.13
10.15
10.84
11.47
89.85
101.89
69.29
104.84
65.05
103.26
10.00
10.50
7.33
11.19
6.00
9.87
76.92
108.94
21.00
75.00
135.00
88.18
52.79
62.86
73.86
65.05
55.21
109.88
182.61
80.00
123.93
65.05
149.92
13
16
8
8
1
30
13
14
15
16
17
15
17
10
16
2
Germany
United States
Netherlands
Singapore
Hong Kong
11.52
12.00
14.01
17.13
115.19
225.84
84.05
205.59
37.41
10.00
22.69
6.00
12.00
75.00
17.09
50.00
112.50
14.40
95.23
75.00
83.33
185.74
32.72
134.41
601.46
84.78
225.44
43.98
4
96
2
2
3
2013
Denmark
Switzerland
98
6
2
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 7g
Smartphone Data Plans with Usage Limits: Unlimited Data and Limited Minutes
2012
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
Country
Average
Monthly
Charge
Advertised
Average
Download Speed
1
2
Finland
Lithuania
12.56
13.96
21.25
0.00
21.43
4.98
2.86
20.14
28.57
2
7
3
4
5
6
7
23.60
33.56
38.01
46.73
47.12
9.45
16.40
57.50
0.00
600.00
30.00
1466.67
10.57
23.79
38.01
5.47
22.20
41.51
43.94
38.01
138.76
70.09
6
3
1
5
3
8
9
10
Estonia
Slovakia
Hungary
Switzerland
Italy
United
Kingdom
Luxembourg
Ireland
1500.00
13.00
420.00
50.45
24.49
29.48
53.41
73.46
94.34
2
5
5
11
12
13
14
15
16
Japan
Hong Kong
Norway
Korea
United States
Portugal
55.92
56.08
56.10
78.89
94.99
145.56
50.00
3044.44
0.00
550.00
450.00
0.00
52.55
17.70
56.10
53.32
79.99
145.56
57.60
79.27
56.10
116.57
109.99
145.56
3
9
1
8
2
1
27.28
14.40
51.93
53.87
54.24
28.75
80.00
25.00
150.00
Average
Minutes
Min. Average
Monthly
Charge
Max. Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
2013
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
1
2
3
Country
Average
Monthly
Charge
Poland
Luxembourg
Portugal
20.43
23.36
23.59
4
5
6
Lithuania
United States
Korea
United
Kingdom
Hong Kong
Austria
28.34
50.00
56.98
7
8
9
57.44
64.92
78.71
Advertised
Average
Download Speed
Average
Minutes
Min. Average
Monthly
Charge
Max. Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
83.33
182.50
0.00
0.00
14.82
23.36
19.30
29.73
23.36
28.95
4
1
3
139.29
0.00
0.00
365.44
28.34
40.00
11.02
28.34
60.00
117.67
1
6
38
100.00
1666.67
0.00
400.00
54.49
52.60
78.71
60.38
77.23
78.71
3
2
1
99
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 7h
Smartphone Data Plans with Usage Limits: Unlimited Data and Unlimited Minutes
2012
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
Country
Average
Monthly
Charge
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min. Average
Monthly
Charge
Max. Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
1
2
3
4
5
6
Hong Kong
Sweden
Japan
Switzerland
United States
Belgium
United
Kingdom
Ireland
Portugal
21.85
32.33
42.47
52.91
60.00
66.52
14.40
30.00
17.03
32.33
13.73
19.26
40.00
66.52
28.59
32.33
56.85
116.59
89.99
66.52
3
1
4
15
8
1
75.67
112.03
150.07
7.20
75.67
112.03
150.07
75.67
112.03
150.07
1
1
1
Country
Average
Monthly
Charge
2013
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min. Average
Monthly
Charge
Max. Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
Switzerland
Slovenia
United
Kingdom
United States
Korea
56.96
63.59
40.86
71.00
33.72
63.20
103.62
63.98
10
2
29.16
195.00
69.71
60.00
63.84
69.71
111.50
155.22
1
13
6
7
8
9
Average
Monthl
y
Charge
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
69.71
83.88
106.20
19.83
42.00
7.20
7.20
100
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 8a
Stick Modem Data Plans with Usage Limits: <5 GB
2012
$ per
GB
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
2
12
6
10
11
16.00
15.67
19.14
15.12
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
6.08
12.11
8.34
4.99
5.14
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
6.08
12.11
10.45
20.11
16.93
Plan
Count
1
1
3
8
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
4
5
19
20
8
14
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.7
2.00
7.20
41.10
7.20
24.35
42.00
6.74
8.10
11.48
17.38
3.71
8.14
6.74
8.10
22.97
17.38
18.95
19.54
1
2
2
1
4
3
12
13
14
17.44
10.94
22.35
2.3
1.0
2.8
7.20
18.80
28.33
14.29
9.27
12.69
26.32
11.77
32.30
5
3
4
12.33
12.40
18.98
12.40
1.7
1.0
11.68
4.98
12.40
37.35
12.40
20
1
Belgium
Denmark
Greece
Bulgaria
Portugal
New Zealand
13.39
13.76
13.77
14.24
14.62
17.41
23.37
9.79
17.22
19.00
26.78
26.50
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.4
2.5
1.9
12.00
42.33
42.20
42.00
3.50
7.43
0.00
5.64
10.33
9.79
20.46
11.59
40.65
15.60
20.66
31.96
33.46
46.38
5
6
3
6
4
7
30
15
3
38
39
29
Germany
Luxembourg
Estonia
Czech Republic
Chile
Spain
18.72
19.96
22.44
22.81
23.18
23.31
24.68
15.13
6.16
32.38
42.07
24.18
1.5
1.6
1.1
2.1
2.1
1.3
9.77
7.20
11.80
11.68
5.00
9.21
11.95
3.92
4.08
22.50
31.49
10.58
46.23
34.28
8.24
39.39
63.22
33.07
7
5
2
5
6
13
37
25
27
31
28
17
Mexico
France
Netherlands
Brazil
United Kingdom
Hungary
24.69
30.07
31.04
34.27
35.13
35.21
30.31
23.33
23.98
24.87
24.10
16.02
1.8
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.8
20.00
35.65
13.17
1.43
4.00
7.83
22.21
5.47
11.64
7.98
11.13
3.78
44.54
40.48
36.99
47.82
39.32
25.39
8
12
7
10
8
7
Price per GB
2.03
4.04
4.88
5.17
5.77
Average
Monthly
Charge
6.08
12.11
9.75
11.30
11.80
Data
Cap
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.3
2.2
Austria
Iceland
Singapore
Slovakia
Norway
Slovenia
6.74
8.10
8.61
8.69
9.29
9.77
6.74
8.10
17.22
17.38
9.90
14.12
21
9
24
Turkey
Ireland
Australia
10.22
10.94
11.24
16
17
22
13
India
Korea
18
19
20
21
22
23
26
7
18
23
35
34
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Country
Switzerland
Finland
Sweden
Poland
Lithuania
101
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed

Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
40
1
36
33
16
$ per
GB
Rank
36
37
38
39
40
Country
Hong Kong
Italy
Canada
Israel
Japan
Price per GB
44.96
58.41
81.19
228.76
807.82
Average
Monthly
Charge
44.96
5.84
29.47
26.12
16.00
Data
Cap
1.0
0.1
1.1
0.4
0.0
DA 15-132
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
100.00
21.60
107.00
9.67
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
44.96
5.84
18.39
16.00
16.00
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
44.96
5.84
42.41
46.37
16.00
Plan
Count
1
1
6
3
1
2013
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
3.00
16.00
11.88
11.88
8.85
1.89
57.33
1.70
16.70
4.68
11.09
2.50
50.00
10.42
11.77
Slovenia
5.51
3.73
1.33
24.13
0.00
16.00
13
Poland
6.09
13.85
2.40
61.80
7.38
16.01
22
France
7.33
21.99
3.00
131.25
16.49
27.49
11
7.56
12.27
2.00
10.43
14.11
12
Israel
United
Kingdom
8.05
13.14
1.79
7.20
0.00
29.46
14
10
Ireland
8.28
11.99
1.50
21.00
9.13
14.85
10
Norway
8.29
11.77
1.50
7.65
9.62
13.92
11
Denmark
9.33
11.89
1.92
34.67
7.54
15.21
12
16
Belgium
9.45
17.32
2.00
58.65
11.03
33.07
13
19
Australia
10.30
19.96
2.69
27.00
12.90
32.79
16
14
20
Singapore
10.32
20.64
2.00
150.00
20.64
20.64
15
Turkey
10.40
10.40
1.00
21.60
10.40
10.40
16
17
India
10.67
17.98
1.83
21.53
4.42
33.17
15
17
Bulgaria
13.56
10.88
1.23
42.00
3.84
18.41
12
18
18
New Zealand
13.66
19.14
1.65
76.41
9.14
30.45
20
19
28
Greece
14.49
28.99
2.00
28.99
28.99
20
15
Spain
14.97
17.28
1.07
7.20
0.00
47.55
21
27
Czech Republic
15.99
27.88
2.25
54.00
19.72
37.32
22
29
Chile
16.82
29.74
2.09
8.00
21.78
38.48
23
23
Germany
17.54
22.26
1.35
27.05
5.35
33.58
13
24
36
Sweden
18.90
67.19
3.25
47.33
10.83
201.71
25
24
Brazil
22.33
24.00
1.39
2.18
0.00
36.41
11
26
26
Mexico
27.66
27.68
1.50
20.00
22.12
33.23
$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
Finland
3.96
11.88
Lithuania
4.63
Italy
Country
Price
per GB
Average
Monthly
Charge
102
Data
Cap
DA 15-132
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
1.23
40.22
9.80
46.08
10
47.49
2.19
26.53
22.25
85.00
12
41.08
7.01
0.75
5.40
0.93
14.02
Austria
41.21
16.69
2.03
9.00
10.97
22.42
32
Hong Kong
43.81
43.81
1.00
100.00
43.81
43.81
32
34
Iceland
47.53
47.53
1.00
8.40
47.53
47.53
33
37
Hungary
69.20
71.64
1.38
31.40
21.03
142.19
13
34
31
Switzerland
72.35
36.17
0.50
7.20
36.17
36.17
35
30
Portugal
94.90
32.22
0.53
64.40
16.07
43.97
36
21
Canada
231.30
21.16
0.78
116.67
8.10
37.65
37
35
Japan
1710.81
50.46
0.16
42.00
13.80
81.68
$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
27
25
Netherlands
29.21
25.30
28
33
United States
33.39
29
Luxembourg
30
14
31
Country
Price
per GB
Average
Monthly
Charge
103
Data
Cap
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 8b
Stick Modem Data Plans with Usage Limits: 5 GB
2012
1
2
3
4
5
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
12
4
5
3
13
6
7
8
9
10
11
8
2
10
6
16
14
Denmark
Italy
Iceland
Slovakia
Luxembourg
Australia
1.96
2.01
2.17
2.47
2.57
2.82
26.02
16.13
26.84
25.63
32.84
31.05
15.00
16.40
16.00
38.33
22.43
11.36
54.71
21.60
7.20
54.33
15.76
12.00
11.40
10.61
14.79
21.96
24.39
15.87
38.63
23.36
38.56
27.47
58.67
70.47
7
6
9
3
7
14
12
13
14
15
16
17
36
9
18
24
15
7
Lithuania
United Kingdom
Korea
Portugal
Norway
Turkey
2.99
3.24
3.39
3.43
3.50
3.91
205.84
26.33
34.72
51.39
31.98
25.75
8.33
10.00
21.00
15.00
12.44
6.50
18.36
12.43
75.00
71.47
43.18
7.20
16.57
22.26
18.60
40.93
14.19
18.05
834.29
37.09
62.01
61.40
66.67
36.84
5
4
5
3
9
4
18
19
20
21
22
23
17
21
1
19
33
11
Singapore
Hungary
Slovenia
Greece
Czech Republic
Israel
4.07
4.28
4.56
5.05
5.07
5.42
32.96
44.48
11.40
35.10
65.47
27.09
8.42
12.36
5.00
11.00
16.67
5.00
19.76
20.03
42.00
35.20
21.93
2.80
0.00
31.76
0.00
30.99
55.82
27.09
66.03
62.29
29.32
41.32
74.04
27.09
12
7
4
5
3
1
24
25
26
25
22
23
Germany
Bulgaria
Spain
5.62
5.70
6.31
51.46
45.65
46.08
10.44
10.00
8.00
47.21
32.80
26.94
23.89
35.09
38.58
87.45
55.06
52.91
8
6
5
28
29
34
28
New Zealand
India
7.25
7.25
86.96
59.07
12.00
8.73
7.20
9.47
86.96
37.35
86.96
79.62
1
11
30
31
32
33
34
35
20
35
29
31
32
26
Netherlands
Mexico
Chile
Canada
Brazil
France
7.57
7.75
8.45
8.50
8.90
10.45
44.17
90.92
62.25
64.23
65.12
52.25
6.00
12.73
9.78
8.33
7.50
5.00
18.00
20.00
14.27
94.50
2.30
42.00
44.11
47.89
24.17
50.81
31.91
21.77
44.24
189.66
97.40
82.83
106.33
72.21
2
11
15
6
4
5
36
30
Hong Kong
12.60
63.02
5.00
100.00
63.02
63.02
$ per GB
Rank
Country
Sweden
Finland
Ireland
Poland
Austria
Price per GB
1.31
1.60
1.63
1.67
1.70
Average
Monthly
Charge
28.22
22.58
24.04
22.25
29.13
104
Data
Cap
33.82
18.33
20.31
16.00
17.82
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
48.96
32.33
18.36
16.67
40.07
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
15.73
13.02
11.59
7.56
7.89
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
42.13
32.45
35.37
40.27
72.61
Plan
Count
11
3
16
14
14
DA 15-132
Table 8b (continued) 2013

Average
$ per Monthly
GB
Charge
Rank Rank
Country
1
19 Estonia
2
1 Slovenia
3
2 Finland
4
11 Denmark
5
4 Ireland
6
5 Iceland
7
17 Luxembourg
8
13 Norway
9
6 Poland
10
9 France
11
14 Spain
12
7 Lithuania
13
15 Austria
14
3 Israel
15
21 Portugal
16
23 Hungary
17
16 Bulgaria
United
18
8 Kingdom
19
30 Slovakia
20
22 Australia
21
12 Turkey
22
24 Greece
23
26 Czech Republic
24
29 Sweden
25
34 India
26
20 Singapore
27
10 Germany
28
25 Netherlands
29
28 Korea
30
32 Brazil
31
18 Belgium
32
33 Chile
33
37 Mexico
34
35 Canada
35
38 United States
36
36 Italy
37
27 New Zealand
38
31 Hong Kong
Price
per GB
0.89
1.27
1.38
1.50
1.60
1.70
2.04
2.19
2.23
2.35
2.38
2.54
2.84
3.01
3.14
3.18
3.69
3.78
3.97
4.23
4.41
4.63
4.68
4.85
4.91
5.18
5.36
5.75
6.04
6.86
6.98
7.08
7.33
7.99
8.49
8.74
9.74
12.28
Advertised
Average
Average
Monthly Data
Download
Charge Cap
Speed
36.37
48.00
44.90
13.02
23.33
48.58
21.23
18.33
32.33
29.07
87.56
71.00
23.55
20.00
20.47
24.00
20.25
7.65
33.84
26.00
32.69
30.01
16.63
47.41
27.20
15.11
56.41
28.53
14.40
77.70
32.16
7.50
102.40
27.85
13.75
57.33
32.19
13.33
59.83
23.26
8.00
38.59
16.67
150.00
44.54
16.86
61.43
32.41
10.17
42.00
28.34
57.46
43.09
29.16
45.38
46.79
56.87
63.29
37.65
28.63
45.86
51.32
61.57
34.91
62.45
108.81
63.92
131.16
66.03
48.72
61.40
105
8.75
15.75
10.14
6.75
11.67
10.00
19.21
79.05
7.50
5.75
8.33
9.00
10.56
5.00
9.50
16.00
8.60
16.74
11.40
5.00
5.00
42.00
32.20
32.40
42.00
80.67
43.68
23.79
150.00
81.38
50.00
75.00
4.11
31.30
8.80
20.00
120.00
20.19
52.32
150.00
100.00
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
12.17
0.00
10.00
16.00
11.42
7.98
18.69
18.94
0.00
16.39
0.00
16.46
12.65
20.64
25.72
27.16
18.41
22.09
32.83
29.03
17.83
21.59
37.02
13.02
33.17
28.05
11.90
32.87
37.55
45.06
33.08
38.48
49.91
52.67
32.25
0.00
48.72
61.40
Max.
Average
Monthly Plan
Charge Count
81.70
5
80.00
9
31.84
3
47.82
9
39.99
14
38.01
8
70.00
12
46.93
8
45.75
18
43.89
5
57.07
6
39.12
4
59.54
6
25.87
2
51.46
3
65.00
7
52.85
6
44.18
89.40
71.50
43.83
65.22
55.79
223.58
212.21
47.20
44.30
57.61
62.59
80.96
38.59
86.89
188.84
86.27
390.00
288.97
48.72
61.40
4
4
14
4
15
3
19
19
4
10
3
4
9
3
10
5
5
47
10
2
1
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 8c
Stick Modem Data Plans with Unlimited Usage
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Country
Finland
Estonia
Switzerland
India
Hong Kong
Sweden
Portugal
Lithuania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Average
Monthly
Charge
22.70
38.02
38.50
47.31
48.45
50.58
60.03
60.55
63.78
247.56
Advertised
Average
Download Min. Average
Max. Average
Plan
Speed
Monthly Charge Monthly Charge Count
42.00
10.07
43.44
8
27.89
8.30
166.39
12
27.28
5.47
138.76
10
14.40
47.31
47.31
2
24.76
34.13
82.88
9
48.00
24.18
76.98
2
82.20
43.65
72.77
8
21.60
33.98
87.12
2
42.00
43.02
86.06
3
42.00
247.56
247.56
1
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Country
Italy
Finland
Luxembourg
Lithuania
Austria
Slovakia
Japan
Hong Kong
Turkey
United States
Portugal
Advertised
Average
Average
Monthly
Download
Charge
Speed
10.42
50.00
19.45
37.85
23.36
30.19
12.00
31.55
40.00
33.44
23.40
39.20
42.00
45.77
47.80
51.26
28.80
85.92
21.60
110.15
80.40
106
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
10.42
4.89
23.36
26.67
19.52
23.70
38.18
14.43
43.83
82.25
43.97
Max.
Average
Monthly
Plan
Charge
Count
10.42
1
39.84
10
23.36
1
33.71
2
53.89
4
43.78
3
40.21
2
80.75
7
58.69
3
89.59
2
146.91
4
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 9a
Tablet Data Plans with Usage Limits: <5 GB
2012
1
2
3
4
5
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
1
5
9
10
3
6
7
8
9
10
11
28
2
11
18
13
7
Israel
Ireland
Norway
Hungary
India
Bulgaria
11.66
12.40
13.28
13.53
13.60
14.15
34.98
9.03
17.29
27.39
23.18
15.73
3.00
0.83
1.17
2.17
1.93
1.21
10.00
17.75
43.00
8.80
19.11
42.00
34.98
5.79
7.52
10.12
12.45
7.86
34.98
11.77
36.10
54.24
37.35
26.63
1
4
3
6
7
4
12
13
14
15
16
17
15
14
4
8
30
12
Portugal
Belgium
Switzerland
Greece
Singapore
Spain
14.46
15.32
17.74
18.37
19.14
22.42
26.49
25.94
10.95
16.07
38.28
22.47
2.50
1.83
1.13
1.00
2.00
1.21
16.80
14.40
7.20
42.20
48.00
12.13
19.09
11.09
3.04
6.89
38.28
11.90
33.46
40.65
23.72
27.55
38.28
33.07
6
6
7
3
2
12
18
19
20
21
22
23
6
27
21
29
20
16
Luxembourg
Chile
Italy
Slovakia
France
Mexico
25.57
26.83
27.29
27.98
29.71
31.12
13.06
34.54
31.22
37.65
28.92
26.68
0.93
1.88
1.33
1.38
1.56
1.20
22.00
14.40
26.40
37.24
20.00
9.79
24.17
23.56
10.99
5.47
22.21
19.59
43.69
35.05
73.24
57.99
33.38
3
4
3
4
16
5
24
25
26
27
26
33
19
25
Korea
Germany
Brazil
Turkey
36.58
36.74
37.40
40.88
34.41
42.31
28.53
32.81
1.82
1.50
1.31
2.10
75.00
9.77
2.18
7.20
6.20
30.40
0.00
11.28
66.97
59.22
58.46
66.45
22
7
14
14
29
31
Czech Republic
50.41
39.60
1.00
11.90
22.50
59.18
30
31
32
33
24
17
23
22
United Kingdom
New Zealand
Canada
Netherlands
54.46
431.10
514.75
1028.35
32.81
27.25
32.01
31.56
1.39
0.83
0.66
1.16
3.98
7.43
90.75
6.17
15.15
16.91
18.39
5.82
45.99
46.38
44.04
156.76
9
7
8
16
$ per GB
Rank
Country
Lithuania
Finland
Australia
Sweden
Denmark
Price per GB
4.48
5.71
8.68
8.98
10.52
Average
Monthly
Charge
8.29
11.09
16.13
16.44
10.15
107
Data
Cap
2.00
2.33
2.20
1.75
1.25
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
21.00
16.40
22.50
26.50
80.00
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
5.14
9.05
12.09
3.06
7.27
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
11.43
12.11
25.07
29.46
13.02
Plan
Count
2
3
5
6
2
DA 15-132
Table 9a (continued) 2013

Average
$ per Monthly
GB
Charge
Rank Rank
Country
1
2 Finland
2
10 Lithuania
3
4 Sweden
4
15 France
5
11 Belgium
6
5 Israel
7
13 Australia
8
17 Italy
9
1 Norway
10
14 Denmark
11
6 Bulgaria
12
28 Korea
13
3 Switzerland
14
24 Greece
15
9 Portugal
16
22 Chile
United
17
23 Kingdom
18
18 New Zealand
19
21 Brazil
20
27 Netherlands
21
12 Slovakia
22
29 Turkey
23
20 Mexico
24
26 Spain
25
25 United States
26
30 India
27
8 Slovenia
28
19 Austria
29
7 Luxembourg
30
32 Germany
31
33 Hungary
32
31 Czech Republic
33
16 Canada
Price
per GB
5.60
5.65
5.77
6.18
7.35
7.56
8.24
8.87
9.23
10.51
10.60
13.45
14.13
14.49
15.38
15.39
16.29
18.70
21.56
22.93
26.01
27.10
27.66
28.01
32.16
42.03
44.59
54.34
55.61
67.57
146.18
177.77
497.65
Advertised
Average
Average
Monthly Data
Download
Charge Cap
Speed
10.88
2.33
16.40
16.96
3.00
11.92
2.40
68.00
18.55
3.00
131.25
17.64
2.30
70.37
12.27
2.00
18.06
2.88
40.00
21.51
2.50
31.90
9.23
1.00
6.00
18.29
2.15
71.00
13.09
1.55
42.00
34.69
2.71
135.00
11.83
1.15
69.07
28.99
2.00
15.38
1.00
85.00
28.85
2.24
10.40
28.92
21.75
27.87
31.14
17.95
42.15
27.68
30.55
30.45
63.53
14.73
27.45
13.27
85.09
146.90
82.52
19.11
108
1.97
1.29
1.67
1.68
0.75
2.18
1.50
1.20
1.86
1.67
1.11
2.22
0.92
1.50
1.92
1.51
0.63
129.60
2.39
30.71
14.40
7.20
20.00
38.93
19.70
15.60
21.90
10.20
7.20
71.87
31.43
74.62
100.00
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
8.88
16.96
5.36
16.49
0.00
10.43
12.90
10.42
9.23
11.39
7.81
15.65
4.60
28.99
14.69
21.78
7.36
12.18
17.72
5.77
16.12
11.14
22.12
8.22
10.00
11.06
6.40
12.88
0.93
5.35
10.14
19.72
4.05
Max.
Average
Monthly Plan
Charge Count
11.88
3
16.96
1
21.77
5
20.62
2
33.07
10
14.11
2
29.30
12
34.72
4
9.23
1
22.90
13
18.41
13
56.33
12
22.48
5
28.99
3
16.07
2
38.48
5
54.49
30.45
36.41
51.13
19.77
76.52
33.23
57.54
76.20
198.90
21.96
44.34
42.06
232.98
809.34
133.21
44.57
15
7
9
7
2
11
3
10
26
6
12
10
5
9
9
42
12
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 9b
Tablet Data Plans with Usage Limits: 5 GB
2012
$ per
GB
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
2
4
11
5
6
Data
Cap
20.00
15.00
21.67
15.00
12.44
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
21.00
52.00
24.80
15.36
29.00
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
18.21
11.40
22.38
20.03
15.73
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
18.21
36.05
52.57
34.79
36.85
Plan
Count
2
4
6
10
9
6
7
8
9
10
11
3
15
14
7
1
13
21.20
40.01
38.20
31.38
16.57
35.66
10.00
18.33
15.00
12.36
5.00
10.33
58.00
39.83
43.20
12.00
21.00
12.60
14.19
19.23
38.20
15.87
16.57
28.61
28.48
73.57
38.20
63.24
16.57
40.20
5
6
1
14
1
3
12
13
14
15
16
17
3.55
4.04
4.15
4.74
5.08
5.33
31.78
32.15
44.40
32.58
35.01
45.84
13.67
10.00
11.67
5.00
7.50
11.25
7.20
3.90
14.40
31.50
42.00
24.39
22.26
26.68
23.72
31.58
35.09
58.67
37.09
71.02
37.00
38.44
55.06
6
3
3
3
2
4
Czech Republic
India
Spain
Mexico
Germany
5.58
6.08
6.82
7.56
7.71
55.82
50.39
46.50
94.30
66.47
10.00
8.82
7.50
13.57
10.44
2.20
16.20
33.30
20.00
47.21
55.82
18.25
40.51
47.89
41.75
55.82
79.62
52.91
189.66
98.21
1
11
4
7
8
26
20
23
16
25
30
Poland
Hungary
Chile
Israel
Canada
Korea
8.38
8.42
8.66
8.81
8.90
9.01
65.84
49.15
54.68
44.06
64.70
70.69
11.08
5.75
6.50
5.00
8.17
8.40
29.33
21.00
22.00
25.00
94.50
75.00
45.31
37.27
48.58
40.40
50.42
60.77
90.99
61.03
60.78
47.72
82.44
97.97
12
2
2
2
6
5
28
22
Brazil
France
9.97
10.50
67.40
52.48
7.00
5.00
2.33
42.00
44.68
21.82
106.33
72.21
5
5
Price per GB
0.91
1.87
2.03
2.09
2.24
Average
Monthly
Charge
18.21
23.72
33.99
25.44
26.94
Norway
Austria
Portugal
Australia
Lithuania
Singapore
2.45
2.46
2.55
2.65
3.31
3.44
8
9
17
10
12
18
Luxembourg
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Switzerland
Slovakia
Bulgaria
18
19
20
21
22
24
21
19
31
27
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Country
Finland
Denmark
Italy
Ireland
Sweden
109
DA 15-132

$ per
GB
Rank
Average
Monthly
Charge
Rank
Country
Price
per GB
Average
Monthly
Charge
Data
Cap
Advertised
Average
Download
Speed
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Max.
Average
Monthly
Charge
Plan
Count
Finland
0.89
17.86
20.00
21.00
17.86
17.86
16
Estonia
0.97
35.29
41.25
44.90
12.17
81.70
10
Denmark
1.75
29.40
112.00
71.00
16.00
47.82
22
13
Sweden
2.10
31.34
20.67
69.00
16.30
54.58
12
21
Slovenia
2.14
42.50
23.89
50.46
24.00
66.76
Norway
2.37
26.82
14.29
58.57
16.70
37.22
France
2.38
26.06
14.40
77.70
7.22
38.49
Ireland
2.57
25.70
10.00
22.85
34.27
Luxembourg
2.62
22.20
13.75
18.69
28.04
10
Lithuania
2.83
28.30
10.00
28.30
28.30
11
Israel
2.86
18.39
6.50
25.00
13.52
25.87
12
Portugal
2.97
25.42
14.00
111.67
0.00
51.46
13
12
Italy
3.08
30.81
13.13
40.53
9.26
58.06
14
22
Hungary
3.18
44.54
16.86
55.86
27.16
65.00
15
11
Switzerland
3.69
29.77
8.33
100.00
21.46
37.81
16
29
Slovakia
3.97
57.46
15.75
42.00
32.83
89.40
17
17
Australia
3.99
35.90
9.00
40.00
29.03
61.56
7.20
18
Spain
4.35
23.76
7.50
102.40
11.51
32.61
19
14
Bulgaria
4.42
33.38
8.25
42.00
18.41
46.23
20
25
Greece
4.95
48.31
11.67
28.99
65.22
12
21
19
Singapore
5.13
37.20
7.50
28.14
47.20
22
20
United Kingdom
5.17
38.78
9.17
22.09
61.86
23
24
Netherlands
5.49
44.99
8.67
50.00
16.15
62.67
24
18
Germany
6.17
36.18
7.00
50.67
11.90
118.69
25
28
Brazil
6.85
54.77
8.89
3.67
19.75
80.96
26
30
Chile
6.89
58.65
9.00
12.00
38.48
72.37
27
15
Belgium
6.98
34.91
5.00
31.30
33.08
38.59
28
35
Mexico
7.33
108.81
16.00
20.00
49.91
188.84
29
37
United States
7.45
112.39
16.20
25.64
32.25
346.46
50
30
31
Turkey
7.81
63.71
8.75
7.20
29.72
97.33
31
32
Korea
7.82
67.91
9.00
112.50
37.55
98.89
32
26
Austria
8.56
48.62
6.00
69.67
30.06
72.90
33
23
Canada
8.91
44.57
5.00
100.00
36.47
60.78
34
27
New Zealand
9.74
48.72
5.00
150.00
48.72
48.72
35
34
Poland
10.04
74.08
10.40
38.10
29.68
108.97
20
36
33
India
10.88
69.86
9.00
13.60
11.94
309.54
37
36
Czech Republic
11.10
110.96
10.00
78.33
37.02
151.68
15
110
112.50
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 9c
Tablet Data Plans with Unlimited Usage
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Country
Luxembourg
Finland
Austria
Estonia
Switzerland
Portugal
Israel
Hong Kong
India
Average
Monthly
Charge
19.23
22.89
35.16
42.98
43.41
43.65
56.40
59.41
69.30
Advertised
Average
Min. Average
Max. Average
Download
Monthly
Monthly
Plan
Speed
Charge
Charge
Count
7.20
18.51
19.59
3
43.00
13.12
30.42
5
10.00
35.16
35.16
1
30.66
8.30
166.39
10
27.28
5.47
138.77
11
28.80
43.65
43.65
2
20.00
53.96
61.28
3
15.50
39.73
71.87
4
14.40
68.05
70.54
2
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Country
Luxembourg
Finland
Switzerland
Lithuania
Slovakia
Portugal
Hong Kong
Netherlands
Austria
United States
Advertised
Average
Average
Monthly
Download
Charge
Speed
18.69
22.46
43.00
23.91
44.80
33.97
35.41
31.50
38.22
20.00
60.76
15.50
74.51
50.00
78.71
100.00
85.92
21.60
111
Min.
Average
Monthly
Charge
18.69
12.87
5.52
33.97
31.76
14.69
43.98
67.14
78.71
82.25
Max.
Average
Monthly
Plan
Charge
Count
18.69
29.84
42.31
33.97
39.06
44.10
70.02
83.72
78.71
89.59
1
5
4
1
2
5
3
3
1
2
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 10a
Number of Unlimited and Limited Data Plans for Residential Fixed Broadband Plans with
Data Cap Comparisons for Limited Data Plans
2012
Country
Korea
Norway
Slovenia
Poland
Brazil
United States
Singapore
Japan
Switzerland
Sweden
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Chile
Denmark
Czech Republic
India
Hong Kong
Mexico
Lithuania
Portugal
Austria
Turkey
Greece
Slovakia
Israel
Estonia
Hungary
Bulgaria
Finland
Italy
Spain
France
Germany
Ireland
United Kingdom
Belgium
Canada
New Zealand
Iceland
Australia
Number of
Unlimited
Data Plans
132
121
85
77
72
71
68
68
63
51
51
41
37
36
33
33
30
29
29
28
25
25
24
24
22
21
20
20
20
18
18
16
14
14
13
9
2
0
0
0
Number of
Limited
Data Plans
0
0
0
0
33
69
0
2
0
4
5
0
1
1
0
11
0
0
16
0
1
37
0
6
1
0
1
4
1
10
2
0
7
23
12
9
27
21
23
69
112
Minimum
Data Cap (GB)
Maximum Data
Cap (GB)
Average Data
Cap (GB)
0.5
10
150
400
37.9
197.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
10
2
10
500
10
133.4
3
500
3
500
3
500
2.5
250
58.1
10
310
120
3
1
3
500
3
56.4
2
52
2
52
2
52
5
4
13
1
1
5
25
13
1
1
5
12.5
13
1
1
1
10
10
0.05
5
1
1
5
50
500
40
150
1024
150
140
1000
9.7
188.3
25
61.6
222.9
54.5
64.3
282.8
DA 15-132
Table 10a (continued) 2013
Country
Slovenia
Luxembourg
United States
Korea
Singapore
Poland
Japan
France
Lithuania
Norway
Sweden
Switzerland
Brazil
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Mexico
Chile
Italy
Greece
Belgium
Austria
Hong Kong
Estonia
Bulgaria
Denmark
Slovakia
Spain
Turkey
Czech Republic
Portugal
Hungary
Iceland
Israel
Finland
Ireland
Germany
Canada
India
New Zealand
Australia
Number of
Unlimited
Data Plans
Number of
Limited Data
Plans
113
108
103
80
66
65
60
58
53
52
46
45
41
37
36
35
33
32
32
29
27
27
27
26
25
22
22
21
21
20
20
20
18
18
15
11
7
2
0
0
0
0
94
0
0
0
2
0
8
0
0
0
7
0
4
0
1
10
0
14
1
0
0
4
0
5
23
34
0
3
1
5
0
1
45
8
39
46
38
108
113
Minimum
Data Cap
(GB)
Maximum
Data Cap
(GB)
Average
Data Cap
(GB)
10
400
219.8
0.32
0.32
0.32
50
300
162.5
200
78.9
40
23
3
1
3
1
3
1
100
3
150
3
121.4
3
50
25
2
0.2
4
2
2
250
2
0.93
76.2
0.04
5
10
1
5
250
0.41
5
112
13
8
5
10
3
2
1
13
350
300
1024
250
160
1000
13
92.7
130
158.1
57.6
44.7
274.4
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 10b
Number of Unlimited and Limited Data Plans for Smartphone Data Plans with Data Cap
Comparisons for Limited Data Plans
2012
Country
Switzerland
Hong Kong
United States
Korea
Ireland
Japan
Chile
Estonia
Finland
Italy
United Kingdom
Lithuania
Portugal
Belgium
Germany
Hungary
Luxembourg
Spain
Sweden
Australia
Austria
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
France
Greece
Iceland
India
Israel
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Turkey
Number of
Unlimited
Data Plans
19
12
12
8
6
6
5
3
3
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Number of
Limited
Data Plans
11
26
46
62
37
11
14
6
4
18
37
24
9
9
15
23
19
35
21
30
12
24
19
11
20
13
50
10
18
29
5
19
33
22
11
26
12
5
47
28
114
Minimum
Data Cap (GB)
Maximum Data
Cap (GB)
Average Data
Cap (GB)
0.15
0.002
0.1
0.005
0.3
0.004
0.25
0.1
0.04
0.25
0.1
0.002
0.6
0.025
0.05
0.03
0.005
0.1
0.1
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.005
0.1
0.15
1
0.2
0.35
0.015
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.05
0.05
0.1
2
0.5
0.01
0.01
5
30
50
25
5
7
32
30
3
20
3
5
5
5
10
26
50
11
20
4
10
5
5
5
30.3
20
6
1.5
30
12
3
10
2.5
4.5
4
5
12
1
20.03
8
1.79
2.41
7.51
3.34
1.75
1.76
3.95
15.52
1.09
2.43
0.76
0.93
1.58
1.39
1.40
3.21
11.33
1.73
4.86
1.39
3.02
1.49
0.75
2.07
2.87
6.85
1.79
1.16
4.96
3.21
1.20
2.42
1.21
0.94
1.13
1.98
6.83
0.90
1.73
1.86
DA 15-132
Country
Korea
United States
United Kingdom
Portugal
Switzerland
Slovenia
Luxembourg
Lithuania
Germany
Hungary
Norway
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Hong Kong
Australia
Denmark
Italy
Belgium
Iceland
India
Spain
Chile
Bulgaria
Netherlands
France
Israel
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Brazil
Austria
Finland
Mexico
Canada
Japan
Poland
Turkey
Singapore
New Zealand
Sweden
Number of
Unlimited
Data Plans
25
19
4
3
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Number of
Minimum
Maximum
Average
Limited Data
Data Cap
Data Cap
Data Cap
Plans
(GB)
(GB)
(GB)
125
0.01
25
4.0
164
0.25
75
14.0
18
0.25
20
3.5
14
0.2
5
1.3
32
0.1
10
2.7
52
0.05
20
1.6
13
0.005
50
8.9
27
0.002
5
1.3
44
0.1
500
27.3
14
0.15
4
1.1
13
0.02
10
3.4
6
0.5
4
1.6
57
0.15
10
3.5
33
0.002
30
3.3
22
0.2
10
2.4
37
0.3
20
4.8
27
0.1
7
2.3
30
0.05
6
2.4
17
0.3
15
3.0
51
0.3
12
4.0
29
0.2
10
1.4
20
1
10
4.4
19
0.1
5
1.3
31
0.2
10
2
62
0.02
16
4.0
5
1
5
3
9
1.5
25
8.4
32
0.2
10
3.1
24
0.75
10
2.9
39
0.3
6
2.3
18
0.05
8
3.2
7
0.04
0.3
0.2
29
0.2
10
1.7
80
0.5
15
4.9
16
0.0005
0.005
0.001
39
0.025
4
1.3
94
0.01
6
2.3
20
0.5
12
5.4
21
0.5
4
1.6
39
0.1
60
8.7
115
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 10c
Number of Unlimited and Limited Data Plans for Stick Modem Data Plans with Data Cap
2012
Country
Estonia
Finland
Switzerland
Hong Kong
Portugal
Slovakia
Sweden
India
Lithuania
Slovenia
Poland
United States
Chile
Brazil
Ireland
Mexico
Australia
Spain
France
Austria
Germany
Hungary
Singapore
Denmark
Norway
Bulgaria
Canada
Luxembourg
United Kingdom
Iceland
Netherlands
Turkey
Czech Republic
Greece
New Zealand
Italy
Korea
Belgium
Israel
Japan
Number of
Unlimited
Data Plans
12
10
10
9
8
3
2
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Number of
Limited
Data Plans
2
6
1
2
11
4
33
31
10
7
36
35
21
20
19
19
18
18
17
15
15
14
14
13
13
12
12
12
12
11
9
9
8
8
8
7
7
5
4
2
116
Minimum Data
Cap (GB)
Maximum Data
Cap (GB)
Average Data
Cap (GB)
0.1
3
3
1
1
2
2
0.3
1
1
1
1
1
0.15
1
0.5
1
0.5
0.1
1
0.5
0.03
2
0.2
1
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.25
1
0.2
1
0.5
0.5
0.512
0.1
1
1
0.05
0.02
2
30
3
5
15
100
80
15
10
5
38
20
15
10
60
30
20
10
5
40
30
26
10
30
30
20
15
50
15
30
7
8
30
30
12
50
50
4
5
0.02
1.05
14.5
3
3
9.44
29.25
27.71
4.19
4.5
3
11.79
7.1
6.7
3.48
17.26
8.11
9.44
3.17
2.47
16.42
6.27
7.06
7.5
8.75
9.08
5.71
4.73
13.76
4.23
13.27
2.3
4.14
7.56
7.44
3.16
13.68
17.67
1.8
1.53
0.02
DA 15-132
Table 10c (continued) 2013
Country
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Korea
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Number of
Unlimited
Data Plans
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Number of
Minimum
Maximum
Average
Limited Data Data Cap
Data Cap
Data Cap
Plans
(GB)
(GB)
(GB)
30
1
15
6.2
13
0.1
30
9.6
10
1
5
2.9
20
0.3
20
5.5
18
0.1
20
4.2
14
0.01
15
3.6
18
1
16
6.2
9
1
10
4.8
15
0.5
500
53.3
5
15
120
48
14
3
30
14.5
7
3
32
11.1
23
0.5
10
3.3
18
2
20
10.1
9
1
5
3
20
0.2
30
6.8
9
1
32
18.1
34
0.3
1215
45.0
18
1
60
15.9
4
1
10
5
13
2
30
9.9
6
0.00267
0.4272
0.2
4
5
13.5
9
15
1
30
5.5
21
0.005
50
15.9
8
0.5
30
10.6
13
0.25
10
2.9
22
0.5
5
2.0
10
1
30
13.6
23
1
35
12.3
10
0.3
30
8.6
5
2
10
6.4
7
6
25
15.8
18
0.1
45
12.3
13
0.5
10
2.5
23
2
60
16.4
1
0.5
0.5
0.5
8
1
10
5.6
18
1
15
3.3
61
0.3
50
13.8
117
DA 15-132
Appendix C
Table 10d
Number of Unlimited and Limited Data Plans for Tablet Data Plans with Data Cap
2012
Country
Switzerland
Estonia
Finland
Hong Kong
Luxembourg
Israel
India
Portugal
Austria
United States
Korea
Netherlands
France
Australia
Brazil
Spain
Germany
Sweden
Turkey
Canada
Ireland
Mexico
Poland
United Kingdom
Denmark
Hungary
Italy
Bulgaria
Norway
New Zealand
Belgium
Chile
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Singapore
Greece
Lithuania
Number of
Unlimited
Data Plans
11
10
5
4
3
3
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Number of
Limited
Data Plans
10
0
5
0
9
3
18
7
6
34
27
25
21
19
19
16
15
15
15
14
14
12
12
12
10
10
9
8
8
7
6
6
6
5
5
3
3
118
Minimum
Data Cap (GB)
Maximum Data
Cap (GB)
Average Data
Cap (GB)
0.1
1.61
20
9.40
0.3
3
1
1
5
0.25
0.1
0.01
0.1
1
0.15
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.01
0.3
0.5
5
0.25
0.5
0.5
1
0.6
1
0.02
1
0.5
0.5
0.5
2
0.5
1
30
5
15
15
30
20
15
15
5
20
10
10
30
16
8
15
30
30
35
15
30
40
50
20
20
2
4
8
10
10
11
2
5
9.42
4.33
6.14
4.29
18.33
6.85
3.04
2.77
2.38
9.68
2.81
2.78
6.27
8.17
2.49
3.88
10.95
8.42
11.08
3.54
10.42
6.75
14.89
6.23
6.69
0.83
1.83
3.42
3.42
2.80
7.00
1
3.00
DA 15-132
Table 10d (continued) 2013
Country
United States
Czech Republic
Denmark
United Kingdom
Bulgaria
Slovenia
Australia
Poland
Germany
Brazil
Austria
Sweden
Korea
Hungary
Netherlands
India
Greece
Turkey
Canada
Portugal
Belgium
Spain
Italy
Switzerland
Chile
Luxembourg
Finland
New Zealand
Mexico
Estonia
Norway
Slovakia
France
Ireland
Israel
Singapore
Lithuania
Hong Kong
Number of
Unlimited
Data Plans
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
4
0
1
5
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
3
Number of
Minimum
Maximum
Limited Data Data Cap
Data Cap
Average Data
Plans
(GB)
(GB)
Cap (GB)
78
0.1
50
11.3
57
0.15
10
3.7
35
1
500
65.9
21
0.5
15
4.0
21
0.5
12
4.1
21
0.1
45
10.9
21
1
15
5.5
20
5
35
10.4
18
0.5
13
4.3
18
0.5
20
5.3
17
0.05
8
3.6
17
1
60
15.3
16
1
15
4.3
16
0.5
30
8.5
16
0.25
10
3.8
15
1
15
6.1
15
2
20
9.7
15
1
15
3.9
15
0.01
5
1.5
13
1
30
9.7
13
1
5
2.9
13
0.5
10
2.3
12
2
30
9.6
12
0.25
10
3.8
11
1
15
5.9
10
0.005
25
6.6
10
1
20
9.4
9
0.5
5
2.1
8
0.5
30
10.6
8
15
120
41.3
8
1
30
12.6
8
0.5
25
10.8
7
3
32
11.1
6
10
10
10
6
1
10
5
4
5
10
7.5
3
3
10
6.5
3
119
DA 15-132
Appendix D: Demographics Dataset

Below is a concise version of the demographics dataset, containing only the most recent data
available for the countries surveyed. A complete version containing historical data going back
several years is available at http://www.fcc.gov/reports/international-broadband-data-reportfourth.
77
23127747
GDP total
(US$m),
PPP
(purchasing
power
parity)
(constant
real prices
2005)
844925
75
77
78
7407682
5737615
4658557
9
25
3
261109
188456
162653
35741
33464
35602
42
43
34
75
1670834
52723
31832
35
79
72
2517165
513012
1
8
136997
13865
56234
27070
37
30
79
239507
0.2
10658
45312
36
AT0 Austria
AT11 Burgenland
AT12 Lower Austria
AT13 Vienna
AT21 Carinthia
AT22 Styria
AT31Upper Austria
AT32 Salzburg
AT33 Tyrol
AT34 Vorarlberg
BE0 Belgium
85
80
78
74
83
75
81
81
78
83
83
79
383375
8451860
286691
1618592
1741246
555473
1210971
1418498
531898
715888
372603
11161642
160
103
78
86
4408
59
75
121
75
57
147
368
18466
303700
6932
48032
79104
17188
37971
51432
22182
26484
14260
364167
49226
36136
24331
29797
46148
30789
31365
36409
41717
37299
38548
33104
57
21
17
18
32
18
18
17
21
19
19
40
BE1 Brussels
Capital Region
76
1174624
7296
68931
60637
47
Community
ALA0 Australia
ALA1 New South
Wales
ALA2 Victoria
ALA3 Queensland
ALA4 South
Australia
ALA5 Western
Australia
ALA6 Tasmania
ALA7 Northern
Territory
ALA8 Australian
Capital Territory
Population
density
(persons
per square
kilometer)
%
Households Population
with
Total
broadband
GDP per
cap, (US$)
PPP
(constant
real prices
2005)
Education
(% of
labor
force with
tertiary
education)
37187
40
DA 15-132
BE2 Flemish Region

BE3 Wallonia
BG0 Bulgaria
81
75
54
6404726
3582292
7284552
479
213
67
209426
85571
50827
33107
24185
6864
40
37
BG3 Severna I
iztochna Bulgaria
48
3693421
55
19042
5148
No Data
60
77
3591131
35158304
86
4
31784
1554950
8844
44741
No Data
76
526702
28905
54864
27
79
73
75
76
78
72
72
77
145237
940789
756050
8155334
13537994
1265015
1108303
4025074
26
18
11
6
15
2
2
6
4741
32819
26961
305875
576506
49784
66609
266590
32661
34727
35616
37837
42984
39826
61247
68554
20
21
25
20
24
30
22
22
82
No data
4581978
36700
5
0.1
188037
2249
41388
62041
24
No Data
No Data
No data
36
38
54
32
25
38
18
16
25
17
23
21
43537
35591
17556815
336121
594555
286642
749374
1814079
908553
1031622
2074094
994380
867315
107915
24
8
5
4
18
111
55
34
56
31
18
1
3996
1879
215238
5265
23017
5646
6874
17660
9654
7599
17049
4816
5464
1096
91607
54137
12368
16008
39136
19836
9299
9834
10725
7423
8270
4882
6376
10250
No Data
34
32
39
27
28
36
24
20
28
23
29
28
39
33
50
21
160164
7069645
382741
1
459
21
1823
105121
2739
11417
15001
7174
41
24
29
49
179615
11
1417
7811
No data
BG4 Yugozapadna I
yuzhna tsentralna
Bulgaria
Canada
CA1 Newfoundland
And Labrador
CA2 Prince Edward
Island
CA3 Nova Scotia
CA4 New Brunswick
CA5 Quebec
CA6 Ontario
CA7 Manitoba
CA8 Saskatchewan
CA9 Alberta
CA10 British
Columbia
Yukon Territory
Northwest Territories
Nunavut
Chile
CL01 Tarapaca
CII Antofagasta
CIII Atacama
CIV Coquimbo
CV Valparaiso
CVI O'Higgins
CVII Maule
CVIII Bio-Bio
CIX Araucania
CX Los Lagos
CXI Aisen
CXII Magallanes y
Anta(a)rtica
CRMS Santiago
CL14 Los Rios
CL15 Arica Y
Parinacota

CZ0 Czech Republic
CZ01 Prague
CZ02 Central
Bohemian Region
CZ03 Southwest
CZ04 Northwest
CZ05 Northeast
CZ06 Southeast
CZ07 Central
Moravia
CZ08 MoraviaSilesia
DK0 Denmark
DK01 Capital (DK)
DK02 Zealand
DK03 Southern
Denmark
DK04 Central Jutland
DK05 North Jutland
Estonia
FI0 Finland
FI13 Western Finland
FI18 HelsinkiUusimaa
FI19 Southern
Finland
FI1A Eastern and
Northern Finland
FI20 land
France
FR1 le de France
FR2 Bassin Parisien
DA 15-132
63
70
10516125
1246780
136
2569
252993
62924
24125
50990
21
40
65
61
58
67
66
1291816
1209298
1128490
1507980
1679857
120
71
133
123
122
27444
25248
21115
29841
36555
21695
20917
18649
19779
21812
20
19
13
18
23
57
1225302
134
23943
19480
17
61
84
86
82
1226602
5627235
1749405
816726
231
130
680
113
25923
174065
68508
18457
20995
31192
39956
22566
19
32
42
27
80
85
86
79
88
85
1202509
1277538
581057
1320174
5426674
1370384
98
98
74
30
18
24
34450
36760
15890
24389
172735
39517
28676
29020
27397
18198
32135
29056
27
30
26
39
39
37
92
1566835
172
65199
42550
47
88
1161486
37
32688
28238
36
86
64
78
85
77
1299468
28501
65588117
11978363
10802440
6
18
103
995
74
34175
1074
1958737
595674
265970
26342
38363
31056
50256
24698
35
32
35
45
No Data
FR3 Nord - Pas-deCalais

FR4 Est
FR5 Ouest
FR6 Sud-Ouest
FR7 Centre-Est
FR8 Mditerrane
74
77
76
78
78
79
4052156
5389583
8710169
6990946
7749100
7986851
326
112
102
67
111
118
98173
133820
217975
178876
221630
210564
24288
24890
25356
25929
29031
26652
34
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
FR 9 Departements
d'outre-mer
DE0 Germany
67
85
1928509
82020578
22
230
No Data
2744846
No Data
34640
No Data
28
DE1 BadenWrttemberg
83
10840832
303
398172
38885
30
DA 15-132
DE2 Bayern
DE3 Berlin
DE4 Brandenburg
DE5 Bremen
DE6 Hamburg
DE7 Hessen
85
88
71
91
87
84
12669492
3545685
2491514
663543
1814597
6114686
180
3994
85
1583
2403
290
478436
109439
58849
29631
102143
244538
39747
31922
24642
44562
57136
40720
29
37
30
27
32
31
DE8 MecklenburgVorpommern
DE9 Niedersachsen
75
89
1627901
7916913
70
166
37863
238182
23595
30939
27
24
DEA NordrheinWestfalen
DEB Rheinland-Pfalz
DEC Saarland
DED Sachsen
DEE Sachsen-Anhalt
87
85
83
79
81
17848113
3998702
1009506
4132291
2295657
524
201
393
224
112
607845
120377
32255
101658
55159
35028
31355
33816
25108
24078
26
26
23
33
26
DEF SchleswigHolstein
DEG Thringen
GR0 Greece
GR1 Northern Greece
GR2 Central Greece
GR3 Athens
86
87
55
50
40
68
2841433
2209713
11062508
3559848
2396346
3920124
180
137
85
63
45
1030
79232
51068
252068
62373
43917
121261
29054
23738
22287
17373
17696
29475
24
30
30
28
23
39
GR4 Aegean Islands

and Crete
HU0 Hungary
47
71
1186190
9908798
68
107
24516
171943
21812
17219
23
25
80
2953883
427
83949
28254
35
73
1074702
97
16555
15131
20
73
985279
87
17436
17529
19
66
925180
65
10761
11441
22
66
1189441
89
12186
10200
20
63
1491659
84
16219
10945
20
63
93
93
91
65
1288654
325671
208752
116919
4591087
70
3
197
1
67
14837
10696
11339
33587
36173
39911
21
31
41
25
43
HU10 Central
Hungary
HU21 Central
Transdanubia
HU22 Western
Transdanubia
HU23 Southern
Transdanubia
HU31 Northern
Hungary
HU32 Northern Great
Plain
HU33 Southern Great
Plain
Iceland
IS01 Capital Region
IS02 Other Regions
Ireland

IE01 Border Midlands and
Western
IE02 Southern and
Eastern
Israel
IL01 Jerusalem
IL02 Northern
IL03 Haifa
IL04 Central
IL05 Tel Aviv
IL06 Southern
IT0 Italy
ITC1 Piemonte
ITC2 Aosta Valley
ITC3 Liguria
ITC4 Lombardia
ITD1 Province of
Bolzano-Bozen
ITD2 Province of
Trento
ITD3 Veneto
ITD4 Friuli-Venezia
Giulia
ITD5 EmiliaRomagna
ITE1 Toscana
ITE2 Umbria
ITE3 Marche
ITE4 Lazio
ITF1 Abruzzo
ITF2 Molise
ITF3 Campania
ITF4 Puglia
ITF5 Basilicata
ITF6 Calabria
ITG1 Sicilia
ITG2 Sardegna
JP0 Japan
JPA
Hokkaido/Tohoku
JPB Tohoku
JPC Northern-Kanto,
DA 15-132
59
1236009
39
24076
27766
38
70
71
54
61
69
78
77
71
68
65
67
64
71
3355078
7984500
987400
1320800
939000
1931000
1318300
1146600
59685227
4374052
127844
1565127
9794525
92
369
1512
295
1084
1492
7665
81
202
176
39
294
430
40664
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
1644465
131104
4503
45781
350826
44392
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
27125
29413
35120
28316
35374
45
58
46
39
47
48
50
40
19
18
17
22
19
74
509626
69
20014
39423
15
71
74
530308
4881756
86
278
17234
155587
32551
31509
18
17
70
1221860
162
38113
30840
19
75
72
73
72
71
69
59
60
60
65
59
58
70
75
4377487
3692828
886239
1545155
5557276
1312507
313341
5769750
4050803
576194
1958238
4999932
1640379
127297000
203
163
107
162
329
123
72
431
211
59
133
197
69
341
148389
110310
22406
42534
179227
31292
6674
97430
72810
11179
34395
87359
34416
4063407
33478
29417
24717
27172
31286
23311
20870
16700
17797
19028
17100
17295
20542
31732
19
18
21
19
23
19
18
18
16
19
18
17
16
35
61
62
68
5431000
9095000
9870000
65
137
279
151082
254218
308024
27440
27233
30799
27
23
29
DA 15-132
Koshin
JPD SouthernKanto
JPE Hokoriku
JPF Toukai
JPG Kansai Region
JPH Chugoku
JPI Shikoku
JPJ Kyushu, Okinawa
KR0: Korea
KR01: Capital
region
KR02: Gyeongnam
region
90
69
74
81
66
59
60
84
35793000
5360000
15050000
20802000
7470000
3905000
14521000
50219669
2730
164
674
793
238
209
332
505
1311822
168435
507227
632683
227803
110165
391948
..
36830
30945
33565
30268
30121
27707
26851
..
46
27
33
38
32
29
28
42
90
24887674
2126
660105
26718
47
78
7813967
634
244771
31348
38
73
76
5113686
5083414
257
248
134183
142716
26209
28058
38
37
88
5255702
317
172990
33124
38
1504986
560240
2971905
91
303
48
34496
13175
40865
22953
23582
13464
33
40
Lithuania
74
72
64
Luxembourg
(Grand-Duch)
Mexico
ME01 Aguacalienetes
70
28
34
537039
118395053
1252265
203
60
223
34997
1522414
16430
68374
13006
13315
43
21
23
ME02 Baja California

Norte
43
3381080
47
42867
12878
20
47
25
29
37
11
31
718196
880299
2890108
698295
5119186
3635966
10
15
19
124
69
15
11253
76746
51589
8645
27607
41803
16181
88583
18074
12614
5466
11616
22
22
25
22
14
19
48
18
23
14
16
31
8893742
1728429
5719709
3523858
2806334
7742303
5993
14
187
55
135
98
249685
18739
59454
21799
25355
95106
28018
10960
10489
6229
9157
12442
33
19
15
16
16
21
KR03: Gyeonbuk
region
KR04: Jeolla region
KR05: Chungcheong
region
KR06: Gangwon
region
KR07: Jeju
ME03 Baja California

Sur
ME04 Campeche
ME05 Coahuila
ME06 Colima
ME07 Chiapas
ME08 Chihuahua
ME09 Distrito
Federal
ME10 Durango
ME11 Guanajuato
ME12 Guerrerro
ME13 Hidalgo
ME14 Jalisco

ME15 Mexico
ME16 Michoacan
ME17 Morelos
ME18 Nayarit
ME19 Nuevo Leon
ME20 Oaxaca
ME21 Puebla
ME22 Queretaro
ME23 Quintana Roo
ME24 San Luis
Potosi
ME25 Sinaloa
ME26 Sonora
ME27 Tabasco
ME28 Tamaulipas
ME29 Tlaxcala
ME30 Veracruz
ME31 Yucatan
ME32 Zacatecas
NL0 Netherlands
NL1 Northern
Netherlands
NL2 Eastern
Netherlands
NL3 Western
Netherlands
NL4 Southern
Netherlands
NZ0 New Zealand
NZ1 North Island
NZ2 South Island
NO0 Norway
NO01 Oslo and
Akershus
NO02 Hedmark and
Oppland
NO03 South-Eastern
Norway
NO04 Agder and
Rogaland
NO05 Western
Norway
NO06 Trndelag
NO07 Northern
DA 15-132
27
15
30
27
44
12
22
301
36
16364210
4529914
1874188
1178403
4941059
3959042
6067607
1943889
1484960
733
77
383
42
77
42
177
167
35
139894
35532
17813
9774
108946
24977
49426
30554
22811
8686
7905
9624
8459
22376
6354
8235
15973
15840
20
15
20
21
28
14
18
23
20
24
32
42
23
33
16
24
23
20
83
2702145
2932313
2851462
2334493
3461336
1242734
7923198
2064151
1550179
16779575
44
51
16
94
43
311
110
52
21
498
29781
31556
44623
53039
45304
8499
82048
22386
18376
618703
11132
10860
15881
22970
13249
6940
10441
10991
11959
37146
20
26
23
21
23
19
18
19
17
33
85
1718485
207
63543
36992
29
87
3553582
366
109980
31146
30
88
7914606
916
309484
39525
36
85
75
75
75
88
3592902
4470800
3422000
1048200
5109056
509
17
30
7
17
129715
114128
87866
26262
180247
36265
25745
25889
25288
47102
30
38
38
36
38
92
1210220
238
56428
48160
50
90
382253
9980
26078
30
86
969519
29
26802
27815
34
84
751850
31
28133
37003
35
86
91
85
875741
441339
478134
19
11
4
30898
13541
14465
35874
31141
36
36
33
DA 15-132
Norway
PL0 Poland
PL1 Centralny
PL2 Poludniowy
PL3 Wschodni
69
69
70
67
38533299
7826411
7969947
6768287
123
146
290
90
692212
197035
144442
84999
17966
25230
18119
12514
30
No Data
No Data
No Data
PL4 PlnocnoZachodni
71
6206918
93
105860
17091
No Data
64
70
58
61
55
3924565
5837171
10487289
3666234
444390
134
96
114
172
89
73999
88878
228780
65074
9562
18808
15250
21640
17615
21190
No Data
No Data
20
18
18
72
51
66
64
58
55
70
72
2298938
2818388
748699
247549
263091
5410836
612682
1838136
82
939
24
107
328
110
298
123
42285
84990
14785
4965
6873
112773
31100
36804
18144
30106
19495
20124
25641
20913
51839
20015
17
28
17
14
18
21
38
17
73
65
74
69
64
70
74
72
71
64
67
1348611
1611407
2058821
46727890
2761989
1067797
590036
2177006
638948
318647
1338316
83
102
102
93
94
101
112
302
62
63
28
22105
22766
51602
1240303
66311
26638
15118
76881
21508
9467
39482
16383
14189
25169
26874
24231
25236
26128
35920
34572
30230
30026
19
18
30
36
36
42
41
52
43
38
37
78
6414620
806
223380
35072
47
66
2518560
27
65589
26326
37
63
61
71
67
68
2094406
1100970
7480921
4987011
1110112
27
27
234
216
222
43993
20097
230303
117794
30782
21495
18552
31404
23538
28279
28
28
36
33
27
PL5 PoludniowoZachodni
PL6 Plnocny
PT0 Portugal
PT11 North (PT)
PT15 Algarve
PT16 Central
Portugal
PT17 Lisbon
PT18 Alentejo
PT20 Azores (PT)
PT30 Madeira (PT)
SK0 Slovakia
SK01 Bratislava
SK02 West Slovakia
SK03 Central
Slovakia
SK04 East Slovakia
Slovenia
ES0 Spain
ES11 Galicia
ES12 Asturias
ES13 Cantabria
ES21 Basque Counry
ES22 Navarra
ES23 La Rioja
ES24 Aragn
ES30 Comunidad de
Madrid
ES41 Castile and
Len
ES42 Castile-la
Mancha
ES43 Extremadura
ES51 Catalonia
ES52 Valencia
ES53 Balearic Island
DA 15-132
ES61 Andalusia
ES62 Murcia
ES63 Ceuta
ES64 Melilla
ES70 Canary Islands
SE0 Sweden
SE11 Stockholm
66
66
82
65
67
79
84
8393175
1461983
84539
83620
2105234
9555893
2127006
97
129
4380
6240
283
23
326
167854
32215
1777
1586
48267
329417
99623
20330
21943
23453
21409
22982
34986
48494
29
30
25
28
29
35
44
SE12 East Middle

Sweden
79
1589821
41
47234
30100
34
SE21 Smland with

Is
SE22 South Sweden
SE23 West Sweden
75
80
79
815792
1415403
1904563
25
102
65
24905
41667
61953
30686
29835
32957
28
36
35
SE31 North Middle

Sweden
78
826272
13
24312
29405
27
73
76
81
368182
508854
8039060
5
3
201
11891
17739
311067
32198
34926
39525
29
33
37
82
1519189
183
60300
40642
38
79
1788791
183
59700
34004
34
83
83
1091302
1408575
560
848
47031
68016
43921
49536
39
44
81
1123672
99
36602
33165
30
81
69
46
63
63
765879
341652
75627384
13854740
1593247
179
125
98
2666
85
27445
11872
994251
270017
26937
36619
35571
13486
20370
17706
34
33
19
26
18
41
57
1654422
4005459
68
333
21302
65614
12967
16616
17
22
39
2808243
87
34662
12654
14
32
2965800
66
35697
11877
11
55
3682037
129
63545
17674
20
54
3376330
167
62458
19241
22
SE32 Central
Norrland
SE33 Upper Norrland
CH0 Switzerland
CH01 Lake Geneva
Region
CH02 Espace
Mitteland
CH03 Northwestern
Switzerland
CH04 Zurich
CH05 Eastern
Switzerland
CH06 Central
Switzerland
CH07 Ticino
TUR Turkey
TR10 Istanbul
TR21 Thrace
TR22 Southern
Marmara - West
TR31 Izmir
TR32 Southern
Aegean
TR33 Northern
Aegean
TR41 Eastern
Marmara - South
TR42 Eastern
Marmara - North

TR51 Ankara
TR52 Central
Anatolia - West and
South
TR61 Mediterranean
region - West
TR62 Mediterranean
region - Middle
TR63 Mediterranean
region - East
TR71 Central
Anatolia - Middle
TR72 Central
Anatolia - East
TR81 Western Black
Sea - West
TR82 Western Black
Sea Middle and
East
TR83 Middle Black
Sea
TR90 Eastern Black
Sea
TRA1 Northeastern
Anatolia - West
TRA2 Northeastern
Anatolia - East
TRB1 Eastern
Anatolia - West
TRB2 Eastern
Anatolia - East
TRC1 Southeastern
Anatolia - West
TRC2 Southeastern
Anatolia - Middle
TRC3 Southeastern
Anatolia - East
UK0 United
Kingdom
UKC North East
UKD North West
UKE Yorkshire and
The Humber
UKF East Midlands
UKG West Midlands
UKH Eastern
UKI London
UKJ South East
DA 15-132
55
4965542
203
85822
17985
34
40
2287705
48
23306
10374
16
50
2763541
77
39535
14722
18
36
3808483
130
39347
10540
17
38
3038983
130
25746
8569
14
44
1501311
48
15362
10267
17
40
2351714
39
22735
9662
19
49
1020108
107
12706
12276
13
37
745525
28
7086
9536
13
35
2717970
72
26743
9758
13
35
2545274
72
24239
9633
14
28
1071878
26
9154
8568
17
41
1154277
38
6641
5858
41
1673852
47
13869
8534
13
15
2082470
50
10362
5124
10
31
2519139
165
17535
7261
15
20
3354242
99
20100
6296
11
28
2085092
80
13733
6916
14
87
77
85
63256141
2618012
7033454
261
305
499
2063148
62450
193854
33002
23870
27862
39
31
35
84
89
82
89
94
90
5336192
4545216
5564350
5907790
8136284
8665938
346
291
428
309
5175
4540
140164
120826
147184
173229
459903
297299
26334
26872
26916
29542
58344
34727
34
34
33
36
56
42
10

UKK South West
UKL Wales
UKM Scotland
UKN Northern
Ireland
US0 United States
US01 Alabama
US02 Alaska
US04 Arizona
US05 Arkansas
US06 California
US08 Colorado
US09 Connecticut
US10 Delaware
US11 Dist. of
Columbia
US12 Florida
US13 Georgia
US15 Hawaii
US16 Idaho
US17 Illinois
US18 Indiana
US 19 Iowa
US 20 Kansas
US 21 Kentucky
US 22 Louisiana
US 23 Maine
US 24 Maryland
US 25 Massachusetts
US 26 Michigan
US 27 Minnesota
US 28 Mississippi
US 29 Missouri
US 30 Montana
US 31 Nebraska
US 32 Nevada
US 33 New
Hampshire
US 34 New Jersey
US 35 New Mexico
US 36 New York
US 37 North Carolina
DA 15-132
93
83
85
5330841
3034975
5268247
224
146
68
152190
70400
160615
28748
23379
30661
37
35
44
87
73.4
63.5
79
73.9
60.9
77.9
79.4
77.5
74.5
1814842
313873685
4817528
730307
6551149
2949828
37999878
5189458
3591765
917053
134
35
37
0.5
23
22
95
20
287
183
44053
13637131
160802
45433
233818
95981
1755208
240088
200900
57807
24429
43442
33347
62113
35680
32545
46139
46281
55956
63033
34
27
21
25
25
19
28
34
34
27
73.4
74.3
72.2
78.6
73.2
74
69.7
72.2
73
68.5
64.8
72.9
78.9
79.6
70.7
76.5
57.4
69.8
72.1
72.9
75.6
633427
19320749
9915646
1390090
1595590
12868192
6537782
3075039
2885398
4379730
4602134
1328501
5884868
6645303
9882519
5379646
2986450
6024522
1005494
1855350
2754354
4066
140
67
84
8
89
71
21
14
43
41
17
234
330
67
26
25
34
3
9
10
96187
680858
379841
63449
51026
609084
261619
133546
121734
151970
213119
47007
278311
353781
350874
258206
88913
226758
35413
87220
117030
152118
35246
38291
45571
31976
47307
40019
43441
42182
34693
46311
35365
47295
53231
35501
48001
29787
37655
35232
47006
42419
48
25
25
27
23
29
21
24
27
20
20
26
34
36
24
31
18
24
27
27
20
80.9
79.1
64.4
75.3
70.8
1321617
8867749
2083540
19576125
9748364
57
463
7
161
78
56680
445051
70612
1056491
399469
42916
50206
33858
53985
40962
32
34
23
31
25
11

US 38 North Dakota
US 39 Ohio
US 40 Oklahoma
US 41 Oregon
US 42 Pennsylvania
US 44 Rhode Island
US 45 South Carolina
US 46 South Dakota
US 47 Tennessee
US 48 Texas
US 49 Utah
US 50 Vermont
US 51 Virginia
US 53 Washington
US 54 West Virginia
US 55 Wisconsin
US 56 Wyoming
72.5
71.2
66.7
77.5
72.4
76.5
66.6
71.1
67
71.8
79.6
75.3
75.8
78.9
64.9
73
75.5
701345
11553031
3815780
3899801
12764475
1050304
4723417
834047
6454914
26060796
2854871
625953
8186628
6895318
1856680
5724554
576626
4
109
22
16
110
389
61
4
61
39
14
26
81
40
30
41
2
12
40314
446269
141008
174079
526434
44642
154380
37202
242706
1224207
114316
23913
390623
329170
60782
229137
33661
DA 15-132
57622
38657
36963
44643
41245
42504
32682
44641
37592
46978
40037
38200
47719
47726
32760
40014
58397
25
23
21
27
26
29
23
24
22
24
27
32
32
29
17
25
22
DA 15-132
Appendix D Sources
Australia
% households
with
broadband
2013, OECD
Austria
2013, OECD
Belgium
2013, OECD
Bulgaria
2013, Eurostat
Canada
2013, CRTC
Chile
2012, OECD
Czech Republic
2013, OECD
Denmark
2013, OECD
Estonia
2013, OECD
Finland
France
2013, OECD
for Aland,
2007, OECD
2013, Eurostat
Germany
2013, OECD
Greece
2013, OECD
Hungary
2013, OECD
Iceland
2012, OECD
Ireland
2013, OECD
Israel
2012, OECD
Italy
2013, OECD
Japan
2012, OECD
Korea
2009, KCC
Lithuania
2013, Eurostat
Luxembourg
2013, OECD
Population Population
Total
density
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
Eurostat
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2014,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2012,
Eurostat
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
Eurostat
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2014,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
Eurostat
2013,
OECD
2012,
Eurostat
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2012,
Eurostat
2013,
OECD
13
GDP
total
GDP
Education
per cap,
PPP
2012,
2012,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2011,
2011,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2011,
2011,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2011,
2011,
Eurostat Eurostat
2012,
2012,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2012,
2012,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2011,
2011,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2012,
2012,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2011,
2011,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2011,
2011,
2013,
OECD
OECD
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2009,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
2011,
OECD
OECD
2010,
2010,
OECD
OECD
2012,
2012,
OECD
OECD
2011,
2011,
Eurostat Eurostat
2011,
2011,
OECD
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2012,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2010,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD

Mexico
2013, OECD
Netherlands
2013, OECD
New Zealand
2012, OECD
Norway
2013, OECD
Poland
2013, Eurostat
Portugal
2013, OECD
Slovakia
2013, OECD
Slovenia
2013, OECD
Spain
2013, OECD
Sweden
2012, OECD
Switzerland
2011, OECD
Turkey
2013, OECD
United Kingdom
2013, OECD
United States
2013, Census
Bureau
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2014,
OECD
2013,
Eurostat
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2012,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2012,
Eurostat
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2012,
OECD
2013,
OECD
14
2012,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2012,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2012,
OECD
DA 15-132
2012,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2012,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2011,
OECD
2012,
OECD
2010,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2012,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2013,
OECD
2012,
OECD
DA 15-132
Appendix E
Market and Regulatory Background
This Appendix contains updated information on regulatory and market developments for
the 39 countries for which we obtained pricing data in Appendix C.1 We also include topography
and broadcast information in this Appendix for Brazil and India, the two countries included here
that were not included in the Appendix E of the Third IBDR.
In our previous IBDRs, we included in Appendix E market and regulatory background
information as well as information about topography and television and radio broadcast stations
of various foreign countries. Much of the information reported in Appendix E of our earlier
IBDRs has not changed. We incorporate by reference Appendix E from both the Second and
Third IBDRs as supplemented by the new information contained herein.
Table 1: OECD Rankings2
Fixed (Wired) Broadband Subscriptions per 100 Inhabitants by Technology (December
2013)
Source: OECD Broadband Portal Table 1d(1)
OECD Fixed (wired) broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, by technology, December 2013
50
DSL
45
Cable
Fibre/LAN
Other
40
35
OECD average
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Because we only include countries for which we obtained pricing data in this Appendix, we have dropped
three countries from this Appendix E that were included in previous reports: Cyprus, Latvia and Romania.
2
Although this Appendix E includes information on 39 countries, OECD Rankings Tables provide
information only for the OECD member states. See OECD Broadband Portal at
http://www.oecd.org/sti/broadband/oecd
broadbandportal.htm.
DA 15-132
Table 2: OECD Rankings

Wireless Broadband Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (December 2013)
Source: OECD Broadband Portal Table 1d(2)
OECD wireless broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, December 2013
125
100
75
50
25
1. Australia
Regulation: The development and roll-out of the National Broadband Network (NBN) has
dominated the Australian telecommunications arena in recent years.3 Initiated in 2009, the NBN
is an Australia-wide project to upgrade the existing fixed line phone and Internet network
infrastructure.4 In April 2010, the Australian government established the National Broadband
Network Company (NBN Co) to design, build, and operate the NBN.5 The change of
government in September 2013 from the Labour Party to the Coalition government had a
significant impact on the NBN. While the original NBN relied almost solely on fiber-to-thepremises (FTTP) connections, a strategic review conducted by the Ministry of Communications
in February 2014 recommended a switch to a mixed technology approach.6 In April 2014, the
new Coalition government officially changed the focus of the NBN to this mixed technology
approach, which combines FTTP technology with newly-built fiber-to-the-node (FTTN)
technology and existing hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) infrastructure. The Australian government
3
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Australia (2014) (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
National Broadband Network Co. (NBN Co), Learn About the NBN, http://www.nbnco.com.au/about-thenbn.html#.VBhRDfldXTo (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
5
NBN Co, About NBN Co, http://www.nbnco.com.au/corporate-information/about-nbnco.html#.VBhTrPldXTo (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
6
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Australia (2014) (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
DA 15-132
expects that the mixed technology approach will allow 91percent of Australians in the fixed line
rollout area to get downlink speeds of up to 50 Mbps by 2019.7
In October 2012, the Australia Communications & Media Authority (ACMA), the
telecommunications regulatory agency, announced it would make available 10 megahertz of
spectrum in the 800 MHz band for the deployment of a nationally interoperable public safety
mobile broadband network and 50 megahertz of spectrum in the 4.9 GHz band for nationwide use
by public safety agencies.8 In January 2013, the Department of Broadband, Communications,
and the Digital Economy (DBCDE) published its schedule for restacking UHF television
channels 52 to 69 to free 126 megahertz of 700 MHz band spectrum. The process is scheduled to
end by December 31, 2014.9
In April 2013, ACMA auctioned spectrum in the 700 MHz and the 2.5 GHz bands, which are
both currently occupied by television providers. ACMA auctioned the bands together due to their
complementary nature (700 MHz spectrum excels at penetrating buildings, while 2.5 GHz
spectrum is more efficient for high-speed traffic).10
Market and Competition: In December 2013, Telstra, Australias dominant wireless, fixed line,
and broadband provider, reported that its 4G network reached 85 percent of the population and it
aimed to switch its focus to LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) deployment in 2014.11 To this end, in
February 2013, Telstra renewed its longstanding partnership with Ericsson to develop LTE
infrastructure and conduct a trial launch of LTE-A carrier aggregation and LTE heterogeneous
networks, as well as a subsequent commercial deployment of LTE-A in the 900 MHz and 1800
MHz bands.12 In May 2014, Telstra and Ericsson deployed LTE-A carrier aggregation, using
combined spectrum in the 1800 MHz and 2600 MHz bands to achieve download speeds of 450
Mbps.13
7
Telegeography CommsUpdate, NBN Project Officially Switched to Multi-Technology Mix Approach (Apr.
10, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/04/10/nbn-projectofficially-switched-to-multi-technology-mix-approach/ (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
8
Telegeography CommsUpdate, ACMA Outlines Plans For Emergency Spectrum Allocation (Oct. 29,
2012), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2012/10/29/acma-outlines-plans-foremergency-spectrum-allocation/ (accessed Jan. 14, 2014).
9
DBCDE Summary, Achieving the Digital Dividend Channel Changes,

http://www.dbcde.gov.au/television/ achieving_the_digital_dividend_-_restack (accessed Jan. 14, 2014).
10
ACMA Summary, Digital Dividend Auction, http://engage.acma.gov.au/digitaldividend/ (accessed Jan.

14, 2014).
11
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Telstra Switches on 3,500th 4G Base Station to Reach 85% Population
Coverage (Dec. 19, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/12/19/telstra-switches-on-3500th-4gbase-station-to-reach-85-population-coverage/ (accessed Jan. 14, 2014).
12
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Telstra and Ericsson Renew LTE partnership, Trial LTE Broadcast,
Expand Fibre Backbone (Feb. 26, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/02/26/telstra-and-ericsson-renew-ltepartnership-trial-lte-broadcast-expand-fibre-backbone/ (accessed Jan. 14, 2013).
13
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Telstra Notches Download Speeds of 450Mbps in LTE-A Carrier

Aggregation Test (May 15, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/15/telstra-notches-downloadspeeds-of-450mbps-in-lte-a-carrier-aggregation-test/ (accessed Oct. 21, 2014).
DA 15-132
In February 2013, NBN Co updated its three-year rollout plan to improve Australias broadband
infrastructure. The plan aimed to increase broadband rural access speeds to 25 Mbps/5 Mbps for
fixed-wireless users by mid-2013 and for rural satellite users by 2015. NBN Co rolled out a 1
Gbps wholesale service at the end of 2013.14 Alongside these broadband improvements, NBN Co
planned to set the same wholesale price for ISPs reselling NBN Co services to rural broadband
users as for fiber users in cities.15 In June 2013, a number of alternative ISPs launched plans
offering speeds of 25 Mbps over the fixed-wireless network element of the NBN. As of June
2014, NBN Co reports that over 604,000 premises were covered by broadband services.16
Wired
Fixed broadband subs per 100 inhabitants17
18
Fixed broadband subs (Dec. 2013)

% of households with fixed broadband access
(2013)19
Wireless
Mobile wireless broadband subs per 100
inhabitants20
Mobile wireless broadband subs (Dec. 2013)21
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
26.0
0.7
4.1
21.2
0.0
6,009,000
77.0
114.4
26,460,000
2. Austria
Regulation: In September 2013, Austrias digital dividend auction of 28 blocks of spectrum in
the 800 MHz, 900 MHz, and 1800 MHz bands raised EUR2.01 billion (US$2.75 billion), nearly
four times their minimum target price. A1 Telekom Austria paid a total of EUR1.03 billion
(US$1.41 million) for 220 megahertz blocks in the 800 MHz band, 215 megahertz blocks in
the 900 MHz band, and 235 megahertz blocks in the 1800 MHz band. Deutsche Telekoms TMobile Austria paid EUR655 million (US$893.62 million) for 210 megahertz blocks in the 800
MHz band, 215 megahertz blocks in the 900 MHz band, and 220 megahertz blocks in the 1800
MHz band. Lastly, Hutchison Drei Austria (formerly H3G) paid EUR330 million (US$450.22
14
Global TD-LTE Initiative, NBN Co Launches 1 Gbps Service, http://www.lte-tdd.org/news/ind/2013-1218/1831.html (accessed Jan. 31, 2014).
15
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Australia (2014) (accessed Jan. 14, 2014).
16
NBN Co, National Broadband Network Rollout Information,

http://www.nbnco.com.au/content/dam/nbnco2/ documents/nbnco-rollout-metrics-04092014.pdf (accessed
Sept. 16, 2014).
17
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(1) (Dec. 2013) (accessed Oct. 28, 2014).
18
Id.
19
OECD Stat Extracts, stats.oecd.org (accessed Oct. 9, 2014).
20
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (Dec. 2013) (accessed Oct. 28, 2014). This figure includes
satellite, which could be fixed or mobile, and terrestrial fixed wireless, which is generally not a mobile
service but is included by the OECD in its mobile broadband statistics. This figure does not include mobile
broadband-equipped handsets that do not subscribe to a data package for a separate fee and did not make an
Internet data connection via IP in the previous three months.
21
Id.
DA 15-132
million) for 25 megahertz blocks of 900 MHz band spectrum and 220 megahertz of 1800 MHz
band spectrum. The licenses are all technology-neutral, although Austrias regulator, the
Regulatory Authority for Telecoms and Broadcasting (Rundfunk & Telekom Regulierungs, or
RTR) has stipulated that they should be used for FDD duplex technologies. A1 Telekom Austria
acquired one frequency block in the 800 MHz band that includes a coverage obligation requiring
the provision of broadband download speeds of at least 1 Mbps to 360 specified municipalities
within three years.22
In August 2013, prior to the auction, T-Mobile Austria filed a legal challenge relating to the terms
of the auction, arguing that it currently holds the usage rights of some of the frequencies available
at the auction, through 2019.23 Austrian courts are expected to take around two years to rule on
T-Mobiles challenge, during which time the winning operators will move ahead with plans to
build their LTE networks on the frequencies in question with the risk that they may be reallocated
in the future.24 Following the auction, Hutchison Drei Austria announced its intention to appeal
the results, asserting the auction was illegal in form and substance and caused financial harm due
to the exorbitant prices paid.25 On July 29, 2014, Hutchison Drei Austria confirmed that it
decided not to appeal the result of the multi-band spectrum auction, though it maintains that the
auction was illegal.26
Market and Competition: The rapid uptake of mobile broadband in Austria continues. Fixed
line operators are finding that they need to upgrade their networks and service portfolios to
counter pressure from the countrys increasingly data-centric cell companies, leading to
widespread fixed-mobile substitution. As of March 2014, former fixed line monopoly
A1Telekom Austria remained the dominant provider, accounting for 56.6 percent of the market.
The countrys second-largest provider, UPC Austria (with a 17.6 percent market share), utilizes
cable and fiber optic networks to provide cable television, telephone and Internet services
reaching 1.299 million homes across Austria. The third notable operator in the market is Tele2
Austria (with a 6 percent market share), the local division of the Swedish telecom group of the
same name. Its market share has declined in recent years (118,000 broadband subscribers as of
December 2013, down from a peak of 179,000 in March 2008) as popular service bundles from
fixed line competitors and mobile broadband operators have eroded its customer base.27
22
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Austria (2014) (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
23
Telegeography CommsUpdate, T-Mobile Challenges Rules of Upcoming Spectrum Auction (Aug. 5,

2013), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/08/05/t-mobile-challengesrules-of-upcoming-spectrum-auction/ (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
24
25
Telegeography CommsUpdate, H3G to Spearhead Austrian Spectrum Appeal (Nov. 28, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/11/28/h3g-to-spearhead-austrianspectrum-appeal/ (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
26
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Hutch Withdraws Austrian Spectrum Appeal (July 29, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/07/29/hutch-withdraws-austrianauction-appeal/ (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
27

Wired
28
Fixed broadband subs per 100 inhabitants

29

(2013)30
Wireless
inhabitants31
DA 15-132
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
26.1
0.3
8.2
17.6
0.0
2,214,428
80.0
64.7
5,481,818
3. Belgium
Regulation: In November 2013, Belgium concluded its 800 MHz digital dividend auction,
during which Belgiums three mobile network operators all won spectrum licenses: incumbent
Belgacom, Oranges Mobistar, and KPNs BASE all won 210 megahertz paired licenses for
EUR120 million (US$161.25 million) each. All three 20-year licenses were sold for the reserve
price after one round of bidding. The Belgian government netted EUR360 million (US$491.8
million). All three licenses require the operators to offer mobile broadband speeds of at least 3
Mbps to 30 percent of the population within two years, and to 98 percent of the population in six
years. Mobistars license includes an additional obligation that requires Mobistar to cover 98
percent of underserved rural regions (where no operator currently has satisfactory 3G coverage)
within three years.33
Strong mobile competition and adverse macroeconomic conditions appeared to have discouraged
new entrants from participating in the 800 MHz auction.34 Cable operator Telenet did not
participate in the auction, and its mobile plans seem to have stalled, despite winning a 3G license
in 2011 in the 2100 MHz band with fellow cable operator Tecteo. Other operators that did not
participate in the 800 MHz auction included BUCD and Craig Wireless Belgium, which both
participated in the 2011 auction, when BUCD won 45 megahertz of TDD spectrum.
In April 2013, the Belgian Institute for Post and Telecommunication (BIPT), Belgiums regulator,
confirmed that it had fined the joint venture between Telenet and Tecteo (Tecteo Telenet Bidco,
or TTB) for failure to launch commercial services over its own network by January 15, 2013 as
required by its license conditions.35 In June 2014, BIPT announced it will redistribute the 75
megahertz of unused 2G and 3G spectrum in the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands held by TTB.
BIPT will allocate the spectrum among the three existing main players (Proximus, Mobistar, and
28
29
Id.
30
31
32
Id.
33
IHS Global Insight: Europe - Belgium: Analyst Commentary (accessed Dec. 16, 2013).
34
Id.
35
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Belgium (2014) (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
DA 15-132
BASE Company) or hold an auction pending interest from potential new entrants.36
Market and Competition: Belgiums broadband market benefits from widely deployed DSL
and cable networks. DSL remains the most popular access technology among high-speed Internet
users, with Belgacom, the former Belgian monopoly, providing virtually universal coverage.
Cable broadband is gaining market share; by mid-2012, cable accounted for an estimated 46
percent of all high-speed Internet connections in Belgium. Belgacoms principal competitor is
cable network operator Telenet. As of March 2014, Belgacom led the market with 1.692 million
subscribers (44.5 percent market share) followed by Telenet with 1.481 million subscribers (38.9
percent).37
In October 2012, Belgian fixed line incumbent Belgacom and French-U.S. vendor Alcatel-Lucent
announced a partnership to conduct large-scale customer trials of VDSL2 vectoring technology,
the next generation VDSL2 broadband network.38 In December 2013, after the conclusion of the
trial, Belgacom began using the technology in Mechelen. By the beginning of 2014, Belgacom
had activated a nationwide broadband access network based on VDSL2 vectoring. Belgacom
plans to initially use the network to boost data rates on its copper infrastructure from 30 to 70
Mbps via vectored VDSL2 and its new modem, the B-BOX3. Belgacom expects to complete the
nationwide rollout in 2016.39
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
34.4
0.0
17.6
16.8
0.0
Fixed broadband subs (Dec. 2013)41

(2013)42
Wireless
inhabitants43
3,819,393
Wired
40
79.0
46.0
5,113,490
36
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Belgiums Bidco Set to Lose Unused 2G and 3G Spectrum (June 11,
2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/11/belgiums-bidco-set-tolose-unused-2g-and-3g-spectrum/ (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
37
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Belgium (2014) (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
38
Id.
39
Belgacom Switches on VDSL2 Vectoring Network (Feb. 20, 2014),

http://www.lightwaveonline.com/articles/ 2014/02/belgacom-switches-on-vdsl2-vectoring-network.html
(accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
40
41
Id.
42
43
44
Id.
DA 15-132
4. Brazil
Regulation: The Ministrio das Comunicaes (Ministry of Communications) is the executive
agency responsible for the development of policies for telecommunications, broadcasting, and
postal services. The Ministry of Communications oversees auctions for radio and TV licenses,
regulates broadcasting services, implements policies aimed at universal access to
telecommunications services, and generally oversees the activities of the regulator, Agncia
Nacional de Telecomunicaes (Anatel).45 Anatel, an independent agency, regulates the national
telecommunications sector and manages the national radio spectrum. Anatel was created in 1997
in conjunction with a unified regulatory framework that established the conditions for
privatization of the state-owned incumbent Telecomunicaes Brasileiras (Telebrs), and is
responsible for licensing, enforcement of compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and
all technical aspects related to regulation of the telecommunications sector.46
The telecommunications sector was fully liberalized in January 2002. In May 2010, Brazil
announced its National Broadband Plan.47 The goal of the plan, known as Plano Nacional da
Banda Larga (PNBL), is to provide high-speed Internet access to 40 million households (about 60
percent of the population) by 2014 by, among other things, adding over 28,000 kilometers of fiber
optic lines to Brazils existing fiber optic backbone. The government will ensure that broadband
service with speeds up to 1 Mbps is available for no more than approximately US$20 per month.
By June 2011, four of the countrys main providers (Oi, Telefnica, Algar Telecom and
Sercomtel) committed to the goals of the National Broadband Plan, and as of October 2011, were
delivering broadband services at a minimum speed of 1 Mbps for approximately US$18 per
month in 344 municipalities.48 By January 2012, 692 municipalities had low-cost wireline
broadband services.49 As of August 2013, this low-cost basic wireline broadband service was
available in 3,214 municipalities.50 As of March 2014, the PNBL covered 4,633 out of 5570
municipalities (83 percent of municipalities).51 Communications Minister Paulo Bernardo
mentioned in 2012 that the government plans to launch PNBL v.2.0 in 2014, the goal of which is
to provide 90 percent of all households with high-speed broadband access of at least 4-5 Mbps
within the next five years.52
In June 2012, Anatel concluded a spectrum auction of the 450 MHz and 2.5 GHz bands for 4G
45
Ministry of Communications, http://www.mc.gov.br/o-ministerio (accessed Mar. 19, 2014).
46
Anatel, http://www.anatel.gov.br (accessed Mar. 19, 2014).
47
InfoDev, Broadband in Brazil: A Multipronged Public Sector Approach to Digital Inclusion (2011),
http://www.infodev.org/en/Document.1128.pdf (accessed Mar. 19, 2014).
48
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Brazil (2014) (accessed Mar. 19, 2014).
49
Id.
50
Ministry of Communications, Programa Nacional de Banda Larga (PNBL),

http://www.mc.gov.br/acoes-e-programas/programa-nacional-de-banda-larga-pnbl (accessed Dec. 11,
2013).
51
Ministry of Communications, Programa Nacional de Banda Larga (PNBL) Balano Junho 2014,
http://www.mc.gov.br/programa-nacional-de-banda-larga-pnbl (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
52
Telesintese, Bernardo Quer PNBL Com Velocidade Mnima de 10 Mbps em 2014 (Aug. 29, 2012),
http://www.telesintese.com.br/bernardo-quer-pnbl-com-velocidade-minima-de-10-mbps-em-2014/
(accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
DA 15-132
mobile broadband use.53 Anatel and the Ministry of Communications committed to ensuring the
deployment of 4G technology before Brazil hosted the 2014 World Cup. President Dilma
Rousseff announced in September 2011 that the Brazilian government had earmarked US$117
million to ensure that the 12 host cities for the 2014 World Cup would be able to offer 4G/LTE
services.54 By the start of the World Cup in June 2014, all 12 host cities had LTE services.
Anatel concluded the auction of the 700 MHz band on September 30, 2014, and licenses were
won by the three main mobile operators, Vivo, TIM Brasil and Claro.55 The 700 MHz band is
currently used by television broadcasters, who are under pressure to complete the digital
television migration by 2018. The Minister of Communications has expressed the governments
desire to have the analog switch-off within a year of the 700 MHz auction so that 4G services can
be deployed in the band.56
Brazil is leading the efforts of the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) countries to
construct and install a fiber optic broadband ring for South America in order to integrate the
region, increase broadband connection speeds, and decrease connection costs. It is estimated that
75-85 percent of data circulating in South America, including local content, is routed through
Miami. In October 2012, Alcatel-Lucent entered into a consortium with Seaborn Networks to
build the first direct U.S.-Brazil submarine cable network, called Seabras-1, which is expected to
be launched in 2015.57
Market and Competition: The main mobile broadband providers are Claro, Vivo, TIM Brasil
and Oi, and other providers include CTBC and Sercomtel Celular. Claro is the market leader in
terms of subscriptions to WCDMA handsets and in M2M terminals (i.e., credit card machines,
security systems) while Vivo leads in broadband data terminals.58 Since the 4G auction in June
2012 and as of August 2014, 38.8 percent of the population had access to 4G services. Claro is
the market leader in 4G coverage, with a 4G network that can reach 36.8 percent of the
population, followed by Vivo (35.4 percent), and TIM and Oi (each with 31 percent).59
The main fixed broadband access technologies are DSL (60.5 percent) and cable (33 percent).60
As of June 2014, Claro held 30.6 percent of the fixed broadband market, followed by Oi (26.7
53
Anatel, Concorrentes oferecem R$ 2,7 bilhes no primeiro dia da licitao de 2,5 GHz e de 450 MHz
(June 12, 2012),
http://www.anatel.gov.br/Portal/exibirPortalNoticias.do?acao=carregaNoticia&codigo=25623 (accessed
Mar. 19, 2014).
54
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Brazil (2014) (accessed Mar. 19, 2014).
55
Telegeography CommsUpdate, 700 MHz Spectrum Auction Underwhelms; Two Lots Go Unsold (Oct. 1,
2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/10/01/700mhz-spectrumauction-underwhelms-two-lots-go-unsold/ (accessed Oct. 3, 2014).
56
Tecnologia, 4G: O Governo quer 700 MHz Livre em Grandes Regies em Um Ano (May 16, 2014),
http://tecnologia.terra.com.br/4g-governo-quer-700-mhz-livre-em-grandes-regioes-em-umano,2db1b87cd9106410VgnCLD2000000ec6eb0aRCRD.html (accessed Oct. 3, 2014).
57
Seaborn Networks, Seaborn Networks Receives Coface Guarantee for Brazil-US Cable Project (Oct. 21,
2013), http://www.seabornnetworks.com/pdf/press_releases/en/211013-seaborn-press-release-en.pdf
(accessed Dec. 11, 2013).
58
Teleco Report, 3G: 3rd Generation Cellular in Brazil (Nov. 2012),

http://www.teleco.com.br/en/en_3g_brasil.asp (accessed Dec. 17, 2012).
59
Teleco Report, 4G: 4th Generation Cellular in Brazil (Sept. 10, 2014),
http://www.teleco.com.br/4g_cobertura.asp (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
60
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Brazil (2014) (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
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percent), Telefnica (17.9 percent), Global Village Telecom (GVT) (12.8 percent), and Algar
Telecom (1.7 percent).61 More than 50 percent of the population have access to fixed Internet
access in their homes at speeds above 2 Mbps.62 Given Brazils vast geography and its dispersed
communities in its more remote northern parts, the government is also encouraging the use of
satellite-based broadband delivery systems to improve Internet access. Global satellite services
provider O3B Networks is seeking to extend broadband coverage to remote areas of Brazil by
partnering with Telebrs, the state-owned telecommunications entity that was revived in 2010 by
the Ministry of Communications to be the entity responsible for the infrastructure supporting
Brazils National Broadband Plan.63 Brazil is planning the launch of its first geostationary
satellite by 2016, led jointly by Telebrs and Embraer, which would make broadband access
available to the entire country using the Ka-band.64
Other Media: Media ownership in Brazil is highly concentrated. National conglomerates, such
as Globo, Brazils largest broadcaster, lead the market and run television and radio networks,
newspapers, and pay-TV operations. Globo reports that it is the most ubiquitous broadcaster in
the country, covering 98.5 percent of the Brazilian territory and reaching 99.5 percent of the
population.65 There are more than 200 TV channels and more than 10,000 radio stations in
operation.66
Topography: Brazil is the largest country in South America, and occupies an area that is slightly
smaller than the United States. The terrain is mostly flat with rolling lowlands and the Amazon
rainforest in the north, a tropical savanna and wetland in the central west part, highlands in the
center, and a narrow coastal belt of beaches that feature mangroves, lagoons and dunes.
Wired
67
61
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
10.08
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Id.
62
Teletime, Mais da metade dos brasileiros tem acesso fixo com mais de 2 Mbps (Dec. 19, 2013),
http://www.teletime.com.br/19/12/2013/mais-da-metade-dos-brasileiros-tem-acesso-fixo-com-mais-de-2mbps/tt/364760/news.aspx (accessed Dec. 29, 2013).
63
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Satellite Provider O3B Seeking to Extend Broadband Coverage to

Remote Parts of Brazil (July 8, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/07/08/satellite-provider-o3b-seekingto-extend-broadband-coverage-to-remote-parts-of-brazil/ (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
64
Veja, Brasil lanar satellite para levar banda larga a todo pas (Mar. 28, 2012),
http://veja.abril.com.br/noticia /vida-digital/brasil-lancara-satelite-para-levar-banda-larga-a-todo-pais
(accessed Aug. 2, 2013). See also Conexo MiniCom, Brasil constri seu primeiro satlite
geoestacionrio (July 6, 2012), http://www.conexaominicom.mc. gov.br/materias-especiais/946-brasilconstroi-seu-primeiro-satelite-geoestacionario (accessed Aug. 2, 2013); Ministry of Communications,
Satlite geoestacionrios (Feb. 20, 2014), http://www.mc.gov.br/ infraestrutura/satelites-geoestacionarios
65
See Rede Globo, http://redeglobo.globo.com/Portal/institucional/foldereletronico/ingles/g_tv_globo.html

(accessed Mar. 19, 2014).
66
Teleco Statistics, http://www.teleco.com.br (accessed Mar. 19, 2014).
67
See ITU, ICT Statistics Database (2014), http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx

(ITU Statistics Database) (accessed Oct. 28, 2014).
10

Fixed broadband subs (2013)68
(2014)69
Wireless
inhabitants70
Mobile wireless broadband subs (2014)71
DA 15-132
20,190,871
35.8
52.0
104,277,000
5. Bulgaria
Regulation: Under the European Unions (EU) Radio Spectrum Policy Program, member states
were expected to free up the digital dividend 800 MHz band for electronic communications
services via the transition from analog to digital television by the start of 2013, but Bulgaria
missed the deadline. Bulgaria received permission to delay the frequency relocation until 2017,
as part of the 800 MHz band is occupied by the military.72 The countrys first regular digital
broadcast started on March 1, 2013, and analog signals in Bulgaria officially ceased on
September 30, 2013. Terrestrial TV broadcasting in Bulgaria is now digital-only.73
Market and Competition: Bulgarias former fixed line incumbent Vivacom (formerly, the
Bulgarian Telecommunications Company) reported having over 4.23 million subscribers as of
June 30, 2013, 1.6 million of which subscribed to its fixed network, including roughly 450,000
fixed broadband subscribers.74
The total number of mobile user accounts in Bulgaria reached 10.68 million at the end of March
2014, down by 7.5 percent in the last 12 months. The three licensed mobile operators are
MobilTel (M-Tel), Cosmo Bulgaria (GloBul) and Vivacom. Competition has led to lower prices
and bundled discount offers involving various combinations of cellular voice/data, fixed
broadband, fixed telephony and pay-TV services. The availability of mobile number portability
(MNP) has helped the newest licensee, Vivacom, gain 300,000 users between June 2012 and
2013. By the end of March 2014, M-Tel had 38.5 percent of the market in terms of subscribers
followed by GloBul (37.2 percent), and Vivacom (24.3 percent). The entry of a new market
player, WiMAX operator Max Telecom, which introduced LTE services at the end of May 2014,
is likely to shake up the market.75
68
Id.
69
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Brazil (2014) (accessed Oct. 29, 2014).
70
ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators 2014, Economy Tables (accessed Oct. 29, 2014).
71
Id.
72
European Commission, Press Release: Europeans Suffering Because Most Member States Are Too Slow
Delivering 4G Mobile Broadband Spectrum (July 23, 2013), http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13726_en.htm (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
73
NURTS, DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial), http://nurts.bg/en/uslugi/--dvb-t (accessed Feb. 7, 2014).
74
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Bulgaria (2014) (accessed Apr. 15, 2014).
75
Id.
11
DA 15-132
In January 2012, M-Tel began rolling out a test LTE network in the 1800 MHz band, after
receiving a temporary concession from Bulgarias regulator, the Communications Regulation
Commission (CRC). M-Tel began offering LTE services to business customers in the capital,
Sofia, at the end of March 2012. Although the operator pledged to gradually increase the number
of covered locations throughout 2012, and to introduce commercial LTE data services in Q3
2012, this did not occur. 76 In July 2012, M-Tel announced that it had increased transmission
speeds throughout its network to up to 42 Mbps in 19 cities.
In January 2012, Vivacom received permission from the CRC to conduct LTE testing in the 1800
MHz band. At that time, Vivacom said it would begin rolling out trial infrastructure in Sofia.77
In March 2013, Vivacom stated that its 1800 MHz band LTE network was in deployment, but
stopped short of announcing a prospective launch for commercial services.78
In January 2013, the CRC granted Bulsatcom a mobile license. Bulsatcom announced that it
would launch its 4G LTE mobile broadband services by the end of 2013. However, the company
missed that deadline and has not set a new timeframe for its launch.79
Wired
81
Fixed broadband subs (2011)

(2013)82
Wireless
inhabitants83
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
18.97
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
1,370,098
54
58.57
4,230,000
6. Canada
Regulation: In March 2012, Industry Canada announced that the government would exempt
telecommunications network operators with less than 10 percent share of total
telecommunications market revenue from foreign investment restrictions. Previously, nonCanadians were restricted from owning more than 46.7 percent voting shares of a Canadian
telecommunications operator. This proposed amendment to the Telecommunications Act became
76
Id.
77
Id.
78
Id.
79
Id.
80
ITU Statistics Database (accessed Oct. 28, 2014).
81
Id.
82
Eurostat, http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=isoc_r_broad_h&lang=en (accessed

Oct. 28, 2014).
83
84
Id.
12
DA 15-132
effective in June 2012. In addition, the government applied spectrum caps in the January 2014
4G auction of the 700 MHz band and intends to apply spectrum caps in the 2015 auction of the
2.5 GHz band so that prime spectrum can be reserved for new entrants and smaller regional
providers. Furthermore, rural rollout obligations will apply to operators purchasing more than
one regional block of 700 MHz spectrum.85 Seeking to improve competition in the mobile sector,
Industry Canada also passed a new wireless spectrum license transfer framework in June 2013,
which would promote at least four wireless providers in every region of the country.86
Currently, over 99 percent of Canadians households have broadband access at speeds of 1.5
Mbps. In July 2014, Industry Canada launched the Digital Canada 150 program; one of the
programs main goals is to extend broadband access at speeds of at least 5 Mbps to 98 percent of
Canadian households, mainly in rural and remote communities, by 2017.87
Market and Competition: As of June 2014, there were five main companies providing
broadband services in Canada. The largest broadband provider, by subscribers, is Bell Canada,
with 17.9 percent market share, followed by Rogers Communications (16.3 percent), Shaw
Communications (15.6 percent), Telus Communications (11.6 percent), and Videotron (11.5
percent).88
In July 2011, Rogers Communications launched Canadas first commercial 4G LTE mobile
broadband network in Ottawa using the 1700/2100 MHz bands, which it subsequently expanded
to Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver in September 2011, reaching 35 percent of the countrys
population in April 2012. By December 2012 Rogers Communications 4G LTE service reached
60 percent of Canadas population, and in March 2013 the company announced that it plans to
expand its 4G LTE mobile network to 44 additional markets in mid-2013, reaching a total of 95
markets by the end of 2013.89 Bell Canada introduced its commercial 4G LTE service in the
2100 MHz band in Greater Toronto in September 2011, and Telus Communications started its
commercial 4G LTE services in February 2012, also using the 2100 MHz band. As of October
2013, Telus Communications 4G LTE service covered approximately 80 percent of the
population.90
85
Government of Canada, Harper Government Takes Action to Support Canadian Families (Mar. 14,
2012), http://news.gc.ca/web/article-eng.do?nid=662619 (accessed Oct. 23, 2014).
86
Market Wired, Harper Government Releases Spectrum Licence Transfer Framework (June 28, 2013),
http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/harper-government-releases-spectrum-licence-transferframework-1806992.htm (accessed Dec. 11, 2013).
87
Government of Canada, Digital Canada 150: Connecting Canadians,

http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/028.nsf/eng/h_00587.html (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
88
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Canada (2014) (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
89
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Rogers Posts 3% Revenue Growth (Feb. 15, 2013),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/02/15/rogers-posts-3-revenue-growth/
90
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Telus Nearing 80% LTE Coverage (Oct. 31, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/10/31/telus-nearing-80-lte-coverage/
13

Wired
91

92

(2013)93
Wireless
inhabitants94
DA 15-132
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
33.5
1.1
18.8
13.5
0.0
11,675,481
77.0
53.3
18,581,921
7. Chile
Regulation: In May 2012, Chilean telecommunications regulator, the Sub-Secretaria de
Telecomunicaciones (Subtel), announced the completion of its public-private initiative to deliver
broadband services to remote rural communities. The project, launched in December 2009, rolled
out wireless broadband networks to 1,474 towns and villages providing easier Internet access to
three million Chileans. The project cost US$110 million, with Entel providing US$65 million,
and US$45 million coming from the Telecommunications Development Fund (FDT) and the
Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications (MTT).96
In October 2013, Subtel launched a tender for 4G licenses in the 700 MHz band, which resulted
in the award of spectrum licenses in March 2014 to three mobile operators, Entel, Movistar and
Claro.97 Under the terms of their licenses, auction winners must deploy mobile telephony and
Internet services in 1,281 remote communities. Upon completion of the deployment, mobile
voice and Internet services are expected to cover 98 percent of Chiles population, including
inhabitants in remote and isolated areas. Winners of the 700 MHz license must also provide data
transmission and public Internet services to 503 educational institutions free of charge for two
91
92
Id.
93
Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), CRTC Communications

Monitoring Report, Fig. 5.3.14 (2014),
http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/publications/reports/PolicyMonitoring/2014/cmr.htm (accessed Nov. 21, 2014).
94
95
Id.
96
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Subtel and Entel Complete Rural Connectivity Project (May 16, 2012),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2012/05/16/subtel-and-entel-completerural-connectivity-project/ (accessed Oct. 29, 2012).
97
Subtel, Subtel Publica Llamado a Concurso Pblico para Banda de 700 MHz (Oct. 2, 2013), available at
http://www.subtel.gob.cl/images/stories/apoyo_articulos/concurso_700/llamado_concurso_700_mhz.pdf
(accessed Dec. 11, 2013). See also Subtel, Licitacin 700 MHz: Subtel Define Frecuencias para Subtel,
Movistar y Claro (Feb. 28, 2014), http://www.subtel.gob.cl/noticias/5246-licitacion-700-mhz-subteldefine-frecuencias-para-entel-movistar-y-claro (accessed Mar. 19, 2014).
14
DA 15-132
years.98
In May 2014, the Chilean Senate announced plans to discuss legislation that would guarantee
minimum Internet speeds for fixed and mobile connections. Pursuant to the legislation, fixed
Internet service providers must guarantee 70 percent of their advertised speeds for national
connections and 50 percent in the case of international connections. Mobile ISPs must guarantee
60 percent of their advertised speeds for national connections and 40 percent for international
connections. Subtel would be in charge of determining the minimum speeds and implementing
the initiative.99
Chile is in the midst of creating a new agency, the Superintendency of Telecommunications. The
legislation to create the new Superintendency of Telecommunications was submitted to the
Senate in June 2013,100 approved by the Committee of Transportation and Telecommunications of
the Senate upper house on January 22, 2014, and has been sent to the Finance Committee of the
upper house for approval.101 The new Superintendency of Telecommunications will not replace
Subtel, but exist alongside it. The new legislation will delineate the responsibilities of the new
regulator vis vis the existing consumer protection authority, the National Consumer Service
(Sernac), and will include a new framework for sanctions and financial penalties. The
Superintendency of Telecommunications will be responsible for all technical issues, while Sernac
will continue to handle matters relating to consumer law.102
Market and Competition: As of June 2014, Telefnica Chile (Movistar) was the largest fixed
broadband provider in terms of subscribers, with 38.6 percent market share, followed by VTR
(38.2 percent), Claro Chile (11.6 percent), Grupo GTD (7.8 percent) and Entel (1.4 percent).103
As of June 2014, the top three mobile operators by subscribers were Movistar (39 percent), Entel
PCS (38.4 percent), and Claro Chile (21.7 percent). In July 2012, Subtel awarded spectrum in the
2.6 GHz band to these three operators to provide 4G services. Under the terms of the concession,
they each had 12 months to roll out their networks and a maximum of 24 months to start offering
services in 543 specific locations, chosen for their geographic isolation and lack of Internet
98
Telecompaper, Chile 700 MHz Spectrum Tender to Benefit 186,000 Users (Nov. 15, 2013),
http://www.telecompaper.com/news/chile-700-mhz-spectrum-tender-to-benefit-186000-users--979710
99
BNAmericas, Chile to Legislate to Guarantee Internet Speeds (May 7, 2014),

http://subscriber.bnamericas.com/Subscriber/index.jsp?idioma=I&tipoContenido=detalle&pagina=content
&idContenido=644989&tipoDocumento=1 (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
100
Estrategia Online, Comisin Aprueba Proyecto que Crea Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones (Jan.
17, 2013), http://www.estrategia.cl/detalle_noticia.php?cod=71696. See also Telegeography
CommsUpdate, New Regulator Bill Gets Green Light (June 5, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/ articles/2013/06/05/new-regulator-bill-gets-greenlight/ (accessed Dec. 11, 2013).
101
Subtel, Comisin de Transportes y Telecomunicaciones del Senado despach proyecto que crea la
Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones (Jan. 22, 2014), http://www.subtel.gob.cl/noticias/139superintendencia/5236-comision-de-transportes-y-telecomunicaciones-del-senado-despacho-proyecto-quecrea-la-superintendencia-de-telecomunicaciones (accessed Oct. 23, 2014).
102
Telegeography CommsUpdate, New Regulator Due in 2013 (Oct.16, 2012),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2012/10/16/new-regulator-due-in-early2013/ (accessed July 23, 2013).
103
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Chile (2014) (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
15
DA 15-132
connectivity.104 Claro was the first to launch an LTE network in Chile in June 2013, followed by
Movistar in November 2013.105 Entel launched its LTE network in March 2014, after delaying its
LTE launch until it could acquire a license to provide 4G services in the 700 MHz band in
addition to the 2.6 GHz band.106
Wired
107

108

(2012)109
Wireless
inhabitants110
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
12.9
0.3
6.6
5.5
0.0
2,271,420
36.0
35.8
6,282,872
8. Czech Republic
Regulation: In November 2012, the national regulator, the Czech Telecommunication Office
(CTU), announced plans to auction spectrum suitable for 4G services in the 800 MHz, 1800
MHz, and 2600 MHz bands. However, in March 2013, CTU stopped the auction after bids rose
beyond the US$1 billion mark. CTU explained that, given the exorbitant price of the spectrum, it
had concerns over the competitive pricing of new services and the speed at which operators
would be able to launch them.112
A few months later, the auction began again, with prospective bidders given until the end of
September 2013 to submit their applications. The three incumbent GSM operators T-Mobile
Czech Republic, Telefonica O2 Czech Republic, and Vodafone Czech Republic submitted
applications, as well as two new potential market entrants: Revolution Mobile and Sazka
Communications (formerly known as Tasciane). CTU approved all five bidders applications in
October 2013, and the auction began in November 2013. Under the terms and conditions of the
104
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Subtel Allocates 4G Spectrum (July 31, 2012),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2012/07/31/subtel-allocates-4g-spectrum/
105
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Chile (2014) (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
106
Id.
107
108
Id.
109
110
111
Id.
112
Czech Telecommunication Office (CTU), Press Release: Czech Telecommunication Office Announces
the Conditions of the New Frequency Auction (Apr. 8, 2013),
http://www.ctu.eu/164/download/Press_releases/pr25_ 08042013_an.pdf (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
16
DA 15-132
auction, CTU reserved spectrum in the 800 MHz and 1800 MHz bands for a new entrant, leading
to criticism from the three incumbents. In the end, the three incumbents all won spectrum,
allowing them to launch LTE services; however, the auction failed to bring new competition to
the market as intended, since the two would-be newcomers decided not to bid on the reserved
spectrum blocks.113
In April 2014, CTU published the rules governing the auction of the 3600-3800 MHz band.114
CTU intends to auction this spectrum for the provision of electronic communication services, in
particular mobile broadband. CTU plans to hold a simultaneous multiple-round auction. At the
auction stage, CTU will accept offers within three 40 MHz blocks (85 megahertz) and one 80
MHz block (165 megahertz).115 Then, CTU will allow winning bidders to reach an agreement
on the allocation of the individual 5 megahertz blocks within these sections. If the winning
bidders cannot come to an agreement, CTU will determine individual block placement by
drawing lots. CTU will set out the coverage conditions linked to the frequency awards, including
a requirement that winners establish commercial services within five years of the allocation.116
Market and Competition: At the end of 2013, CTU reported that the development of the fiber
optic broadband segment is beginning to gain traction, albeit from a very small base. Operators
such as Telefonica O2 Czech Republic are rolling out FTTH networks, which are being used
exclusively for providing their own retail services. CTU notes there are currently more than 100
local optical network operators offering their services through FTTx, usually in metropolitan
optical networks. There were an estimated 180,000 fiber-based subscribers at the end of 2013, up
from 167,000 a year before.117
The Czech fixed broadband Internet access market declined slightly for the first time in 2013,
reflecting the growing popularity of high-speed mobile connectivity.118 All three main cellular
operators T-Mobile Czech Republic, Telefonica O2 Czech Republic, and Vodafone Czech
Republic have deployed LTE 4G networks which provide peak speeds of around 70 Mbps in
many of the countrys major urban areas.119
At the end of December 2013, fixed line incumbent operator Telefonica O2 Czech Republic had
910,000 broadband Internet subscribers, down from 928,400 12 months before. The operator
113
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Czech Republic (2014) (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
114
Telegeography CommsUpdate, CTU Sets Out Stall to Auction Off 3.6 GHz-3.8 GHz Band for
Broadband Services (June 3, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/03/ctu-sets-out-stall-to-auction-off3-6ghz-3-8ghz-band-for-broadband-services/ (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
115
CTU, The Basic Principles of Awarding Rights for the Use of Radio Frequencies for Providing
Electronic Communication Networks in the 3600-3800 MHz Frequency Band (Apr. 29, 2014),
http://www.ctu.eu/164/download/News-Events/basic_principles_29_04_2014_radio_frequencies_36003800_mhz.pdf (accessed Dec. 2, 2014).
116
Telegeography CommsUpdate, CTU Sets Out Stall to Auction Off 3.6 GHz-3.8 GHz Band for
Broadband Services (June 3, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/03/ctu-sets-out-stall-to-auction-off3-6ghz-3-8ghz-band-for-broadband-services/ (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
117
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Czech Republic (2014) (accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
118
Id.
119
Id.
17
DA 15-132
upgraded its broadband networks with high-speed VDSL technology which delivers peak
download speeds of 40 Mbps, and was available to 87 percent of the addressable xDSL
residential customer base at end of 2013. The company said that it had 362,000 VDSL customers
at that date, up by 102,000 on a year earlier. Additionally, the total number of Telefonica O2 TV
customers grew to 156,000 (from 141,400 at the end of 2012), while its IP telephony users
increased from 76,700 to 86,400.120
High-speed cable growth has been slow but steady over the last few years. According to the
Council for Radio and Television Broadcasting (RRTV, the Czech agency responsible for
administering radio and television broadcasting licenses), 87 operators offered cable TV services
in the Czech Republic, with most also providing broadband Internet. UPC Ceska Republika
(UPC), the market leader, operates in almost 100 cities and towns throughout the country,
including the Brno, Northern Bohemia Ostrava, Pilsen, and Prague. UPC offers triple-play
services (TV, Internet and voice telephony) through its hybrid-fiber coaxial (HFC) network,
which passed 1.36 million homes as of December 2013. By the end of December 2013, 92.5
percent of UPCs networks had been upgraded to two-way capability. At the end of 2013, UPC
had the majority (440,000) of the countrys broadband cable modem subscribers, of an estimated
471,000 cable television users in the country. In September 2009, UPC launched UPC Fiber
Power, its next generation broadband Internet service with download speeds of up to 100 Mbps,
utilizing EuroDOCSIS 3.0 technology, and by February 2014 the peak rate had been increased to
240 Mbps.121
Wired
123

(2013)124
Wireless
inhabitants125
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
17.4
3.3
4.9
9.2
0.0
1,826,726
63.0
62.5
6,574,264
9. Denmark
Regulation: Consistent with the Queen of Denmarks October 3, 2011 Resolution, the National
IT and Telecom Agency (NITA) closed in 2012, and the agencys functions were largely
120
Id.
121
Id.
122
123
Id.
124
125
126
Id.
18
DA 15-132
transferred to the Danish Business Authority (DBA), the new independent regulator.127 DBA is
responsible for further market development, growth, and innovation, and for guaranteeing that all
citizens have easy access to wireless communication technologies.128 DBA plans to meet its
obligations mainly by releasing available spectrum to the market through auctions.129 DBA also
offers advice to businesses and consumers about marketing and ICT equipment.130
In March 2012, DBA announced plans to auction the 800 MHz digital dividend spectrum for
mobile services.131 In June 2012, TDC and TT-Netvaerket (a joint mobile venture between Telia
and Telenor) won 60 megahertz of spectrum. Specifically, incumbent TDC won 220 megahertz,
and TT-Netvaerket won 210 megahertz of spectrum.132 The auction generated 739.3 million
Danish kroner (US$124.3 million).133 The 22-year licenses were sold without usage restrictions,
and the frequencies were made available beginning in 2013.134 The licenses are subject to mobile
broadband coverage requirements, which stipulate that the operators must provide 99.8 percent
indoor coverage and 98 percent outdoor coverage with a download rate of at least 10 Mbps by the
end of 2014.135
In March 2013, the Danish government introduced a new national broadband strategy, setting out
22 initiatives for the improvement of broadband services and mobile coverage.136 The strategy
calls for 100 percent access at minimum download speeds of 100 Mbps and minimum upload
speeds of 30 Mbps by 2020.137 DBA conducts annual broadband mapping to track broadband
deployment.138 Beginning in 2014, DBA plans to implement interactive broadband mapping to
provide a more comprehensive overview of coverage at the local level.139
Market and Competition: Denmarks telecommunications market is characterized by slow
revenue and subscriber growth in the mobile and broadband sectors, declining subscriptions in the
fixed line sector, and low margins across all services.140
127
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Denmark (2014) (accessed Sept. 2, 2014).
128
Danish Business Authority, Telecom and Spectrum, http://danishbusinessauthority.dk/telecom-andspectrum (accessed Sept. 2, 2014).
129
Id.
130
Id.
131
Danish Business Authority, 800 MHz Auction, http://danishbusinessauthority.dk/800-mhz-auction

132
Id.
133
Id.
134
Id.
135
136
Danish Business Authority, Broadband Mapping 2013, http://w2l.dk/file/475201/broadbandmapping.pdf (accessed Sept. 2, 2014).
137
Id.
138
Danish Business Authority, Broadband Mapping,

http://danishbusinessauthority.dk/broadband_mapping_ coverage (accessed Sept. 2, 2014).
139
Id.
140
IHS Global Insight, Denmark Telecoms Report (2014) (accessed Sept. 2, 2014).
19
DA 15-132
Denmark has four major mobile operators. As of March 2014, TDC had a 41 percent market
share of mobile subscribers followed by Telenor (24 percent), TeliaSonera (20 percent), and
Hutchison Whampoas Hi3G Access Denmark (14 percent).141 All four operators acquired the
spectrum from the June 2012 800 MHz digital dividend auction to boost their LTE coverage.142
Denmark has one of the highest fixed broadband penetration rates in the world, so all four had to
cut prices to stay competitive.143
Wired
144

145

(2013)146
Wireless
inhabitants147
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
40.0
7.8
11.5
20.7
0.0
2,245,593
84.0
107.3
6,021,411
10. Estonia
Regulation: In June 2012, the European Commission (EC) directed Estonia to comply with EU
rules mandating a clear separation between bodies that regulate the telecommunications sector
and companies providing telecommunications services.149 The EC expressed concern that the
Estonian Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications (MEAC), which manages radio
frequencies, numbering resources and the provision of universal service, also controlled local
state-owned WiMAX provider Levira.150 In September 2013, the EC brought an action against
Estonia before the European Court of Justice (ECJ), arguing that Estonia had failed to ensure the
impartiality of regulatory bodies.151 In April 2014, the ECJ closed the case but ordered Estonia to
pay the costs, reprimanding Estonia for taking steps to comply with its obligations only after the
EC initiated a formal action.152
141
142
Id.
143
Id.
144
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(1) (December 2012) (accessed July 23, 2013).
145
Id.
146
147
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (December 2012) (accessed July 23, 2013).
148
Id.
149
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Estonia (2014) (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
150
Id.
151
European Commission v. Republic of Estonia (Case C-493/13).
152
Order of the President of the Court (Case C-493/13), April 4, 2014.
20
DA 15-132
Market and Competition: Currently, broadband access is available via ADSL2+, FTTH, cable,
WiFi, WiMAX and mobile networks.153 There are three major fixed line providers: the
incumbent, Elion, and its main competitors, Starman and STV, that together serve 86 percent of
fixed broadband customers.154 Elion provides primarily ADSL services, while Starman and STV
provide mainly high-speed access over cable modem and fiber solutions.155
With respect to mobile broadband, between May 2013 and January 2014, three mobile operators
obtained 800 MHz licenses that helped them improve their rollout of 4G services. In May 2013,
Eesti Mobiiltelefon (EMT-TeliaSonera) paid the Estonian Technical Surveillance Authority
(ETSA) an upfront fee of EUR1 million (US$1.3 million) for 210 megahertz blocks of 800 MHz
spectrum.156 In August 2013, ETSA granted a second batch of 800 MHz spectrum licenses to
Estonian telecom company Elisa.157 At a competitive auction in January 2014, Tele2 Eesti won
the third and last block of digital dividend 800 MHz spectrum.158 In March 2014, ETSA
announced that it will refarm spectrum in the 1800 MHz band among the three companies in
order to make more efficient use of the band for the provision of 4G LTE services.159
Wired
160

161

(2013)162
Wireless
inhabitants163
153
Id.
154
Id.
155
Id.
156
Id.
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
25.5
8.6
5.8
10.7
0.4
341,465
79.0
90.8
1,216,637
157
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Elisa Bags 800 MHz Spectrum from ETSA (Aug. 9, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/08/09/elisa-bags-800mhz-spectrumfrom-etsa/ (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
158
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Tele2 Wins Third 800 MHz LTE Block (Jan. 10, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/01/10/tele2-wins-third-800mhz-lteblock/ (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
159
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Tele2 Estonia Bags New 2100 MHz Spectrum; ETSA Reallocates 1800
MHz Band for Faster LTE (Mar. 12, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/
articles/2014/03/12/tele2-estonia-bags-new-2100mhz-spectrum-etsa-reallocates-1800mhz-band-for-fasterlte/ (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
160
161
Id.
162
163
164
Id.
21
DA 15-132
11. Finland
Regulation: In October 2013, after nine months of bidding, the Finnish Communications
Regulatory Authority (FICORA), the independent regulatory body, completed the 800 MHz
digital dividend auction, generating EUR108.01 million (US$148.5 million).165 Six paired 25
megahertz blocks of spectrum were sold to the countrys three existing mobile network operators:
DNA Finland paid EUR33.57 million (US$44.1 million) for its two blocks, Elisa Corporation
paid EUR33.34 million (US$43.8 million) for its two blocks, and TeliaSonera Finland paid
EUR41.10 million (US$53.9 million) for the last two blocks.166 The licenses are valid for 20
years starting in 2014, and they cover the whole of Finland (excluding the land islands).167 The
license conditions associated with the acquired spectrum stipulate that the winning operators must
launch operations within two years, and provide coverage to 95 percent of the mainland
population within three years.168
Market and Competition: Finlands four major wireline broadband operators Elisa,
TeliaSonera, DNA, and the Finnet Group together account for more than 95 percent of the
market.169 DSL connections remain the most popular broadband access technology, with over 60
percent of all subscribers, but cable modem connections, making up around 19 percent of
subscriptions, continue to rise in popularity.170
In 2008, the Ministry of Transport and Communications introduced the Broadband 2015
initiative, aimed at increasing high-speed broadband connections around the country by the end of
2015.171 By the end of 2013, FICORA had dedicated EUR38.4 million (US$50.4 million) to the
initiative, leading to a significant increase in broadband access, particularly in rural areas.172 Of
approximately 1.7 million total subscribers, 16 percent had access to speeds of 100 Mbps or
more, up from 10 percent in 2012 and 6 percent in 2011.173
DNA, Elisa, and TeliaSonera have all used spectrum in the 800 MHz band to improve 4G LTE
coverage.174 In May 2014, Finnish start-up Ukko Mobile announced that, beginning in late 2014,
it would launch the worlds first 4G LTE wireless broadband network using the 450 MHz
165
Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority, End of 4G Spectrum Auction,

https://www.viestintavirasto.fi/en/ficora/news/2013/endof4gspectrumauction.html (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
166
Id.
167
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Finland Concludes Long-Running 800 MHz Auction (Oct. 31, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/10/31/finland-concludes-longrunning-800mhz-auction/ (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
168
Id.
169
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Finland (2014) (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
170
Id.
171
Id.
172
Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority, Building of Broadband Networks in Rural Areas Is

Proceeding Fast,
https://www.viestintavirasto.fi/en/ficora/news/2014/buildingofbroadbandnetworksinruralareasisproceeding
fast.html (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
173
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Finland (2014) (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
174
Id.
22
DA 15-132
band.175
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
30.8
0.9
5.8
18.9
5.2

(2013)178
Wireless
inhabitants179
1,676,400
Wired
176
88.0
123.3
6,704,800
12. France
Regulation: In January 2012, French regulator Autorit de Rgulation des Communications
lectroniques et des Postes (ARCEP) completed its 800 MHz band digital dividend spectrum
auction. Bouygues Telecom, Orange France and SFR each won 4G-capable licenses.181
In March 2014, Frances Constitutional Council (Conseil dEtat) restored ARCEPs power to
issue sanctions. The Constitutional Council had previously decided that ARCEPs ability to
sanction telecommunications operators violated the principle of separation of powers. Moving
forward, ARCEP will employ a new procedure; in order to ensure the separation of investigative
and sanctioning powers, different members of the Executive Board will handle different tasks.182
In May 2014, ARCEP launched an investigation into all four of Frances mobile network
operators, Bouygues Telecom, Free Mobile, Orange, and SFR. ARCEP will assess whether the
mobile providers have met their existing commitments with respect to 3G rollouts in rural
areas.183
175
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Ukko Aims for LTE-450 World-First Launch (June 19, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/19/ukko-aims-for-lte-450-worldfirst-launch/ (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
176
177
Id.
178
179
180
Id.
181
ARCEP, Press Release: ARCEP Issues Licenses to the Digital Dividend Spectrum Winners (800 MHz)
(Jan. 17, 2012), http://www.arcep.fr/ (accessed Oct. 10, 2014).
182
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Arcep Regains Power to Sanction; Indoor FTTH Regulations Clarified
(Mar. 17, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/03/17/arcep-regainspower-to-sanction-indoor-ftth-installation-regulations-clarified/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
183
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Arcep Launches Five Inquiries into 3G Rollouts, QoS (May 28, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/28/arcep-launches-five-inquiriesinto-3g-rollouts-qos/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
23
DA 15-132
Market and Competition: For the past few years, France has been focusing on the development
of ultra-high speed broadband networks, defined by ARCEP as connections of 30 Mbps and
above.184 In February 2013, President Francois Hollande introduced France Tres Haut Debit
(FTHD), a plan to spur economic growth by investing nearly EUR20 billion (US$25.2 billion) in
the rollout of high-speed networks over the next decade. According to the plan, very high-speed
networks are expected to be available to 50 percent of the population by 2017 and to 100 percent
of the population by 2023.185 ARCEP reported that at year end 2013, there were more than 2
million broadband subscriptions with maximum download speeds equal to or higher than 30
Mbps, a 27.6 percent year-on-year increase.186
French operators have also increased the pace of their FTTH rollout. As of September 30, 2013,
2.74 million homes had access to an FTTH service, 40 percent more than the year before, and 1.4
million of these homes had a choice between at least two providers (or 49 percent more than in
2011) due to network sharing arrangements required by the French regulatory framework.
According to ARCEP, 492,000 of these 2.74 million homes are not in very high-density areas.187
Bouygues Telecom launched its first LTE trial network in Lyon in mid-2012, while Orange
France launched its pilot LTE network in the coastal city of Marseilles at the same time. SFR
launched commercial LTE services in Lyon in November 2012. A debate over LTE antenna
emission levels delayed the rollout of LTE services in Paris. After months of uncertainty, the
dispute was resolved in September 2012, after the city of Paris reached an agreement on emission
levels with the four major mobile operators.188 SFR and Orange launched LTE service in parts of
Paris beginning in January 2013.189 As of April 2014, Bouygues 4G network covered 69 percent
of the French population, Oranges network covered 55 percent, and SFRs network covered 40
percent.190 Free Mobile launched LTE services in December 2013 but lags behind its
competitors.191
According to a December 2013 ARCEP study, France is seeing a swift rise in the use of mobile
devices for Internet access at home, both among users employing WiFi (33 percent of people
surveyed) or cellular service (27 percent). Half of French consumers use two or more devices to
access the Internet from home.192
184
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: France (2014) (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
185
Id.
186
Id.
187
ARCEP, Press Release: Broadband and Superfast Broadband Market (Nov. 23, 2013),
http://www.arcep.fr/ (accessed Oct. 21, 2014).
188
Le Monde, Le Conseil de Paris adopte sa charte sur les antennes-relais (Oct. 16, 2012),
http://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2012/10/16/le-conseil-de-paris-adopte-sa-charte-sur-les-antennesrelais_1776236_3244.html?xtmc=4g&xtcr=4 (accessed Oct. 10, 2014).
189
ZDNet, Paris Gets Its First LTE Coverage (Jan. 29, 2013), http://www.zdnet.com/paris-gets-its-first-ltecoverage-7000010477/ (accessed Mar. 10, 2014).
190
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: France (2014) (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
191
Id.
192
ARCEP, Press Release: Use of Information and Communication Technologies in French Society Findings for 2013 (Dec. 10, 2013), http://www.arcep.fr/ (accessed Jan. 15, 2014).
24

Wired
193

194

(2013)195
Wireless
inhabitants196
DA 15-132
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
37.6
0.8
2.6
34.2
0.0
24,751,000
78.0
55.9
36,733,000
13. Germany
Regulation: In November 2012, two years after its 800 MHz band auction, Bundesnetzagentur
(BNetzA), the German telecommunications regulator, announced that all mobile network
operators had met the coverage requirements that were part of their license conditions. In
particular, winning bidders had been required to roll out mobile broadband to 90 percent of
lower-population areas before higher-populations areas could be served.198 After meeting these
licensing requirements, all three operators, Deutsche Telekom (DT), Vodafone D2, and
Telefnica Germany, were free to use their 800 MHz spectrum to roll out 4G services
nationally.199
In recent years, Germany has been proactive in promoting transparency and ensuring consumer
protection. In May 2012, the German Parliament passed a series of amendments to the
Telecommunications Act aimed at enhancing transparency in the telecommunications market.200
Among the provisions, the amendments required BNetzA to help consumers measure and
compare the quality of Internet services. From June to December 2012 and July to December
2013, BNetzA conducted quality measurement campaigns designed to study the service quality of
193
194
Id.
195

Oct. 15, 2014).
196
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (Dec. 2013) (accessed Oct. 28, 2014
197
Id.
198
GSMA, Making Sense of the Digital Dividend Spectrum Auctions, http://www.gsma.com/spectrum/wpcontent/uploads/DigitalDividend/DDtoolkit/auctions-summary.html (accessed Mar. 26, 2014).
199
Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA), Coverage Requirement Now Also Met for 800 MHz Band in Schleswig
Holstein (Dec. 28, 2013),
http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/cln_1912/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/EN/2011/111228
BroadbandExpansionSchleswigHolstein.html?nn=214432 (accessed Dec. 3, 2012).
200
BNetzA, Measures Aimed at Promoting Transparency for Consumers and on Measuring Procedures
(May 10, 2013),
http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/BNetzA/Areas/Telecommunications/
TelecomRegulation/TransparencyForConsumers/DocTransparencyForConsumers.pdf?__blob=publicationF
ile&v=2 (accessed Oct. 21, 2014).
25
DA 15-132
broadband Internet access.201 In early 2014, BNetzA introduced a permanent web-based

measurement tool that allows consumers to test their fixed or mobile broadband speeds.202
Market and Competition: In early September 2014, the EC approved Telefnica Deutschlands
EUR8.6 billion (US$11.9 billion) acquisition of E-Plus.203 The merger will decrease the number
of German wireless network operators from four to three, making Telefnica Deutschland
(Telefnica) the leader of the mobile marketplace with the highest number of subscribers ahead of
current front runners Telekom Deutschland (the mobile arm of incumbent Deutsche Telekom
(DT)) and Vodafone Germany. Because the merger might affect the competitive position of
mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) and reduce competition in Western Europes largest
mobile market, the merger raised concerns at both the national and EU levels.204 As a result,
Telefnica agreed to sell up to 30 percent of the merged companys network capacity to German
MNVOs. Telefnica also will divest some of its mobile spectrum in the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz
bands and extend wholesale 4G services.
In December 2013, BNetzA reported that as fixed broadband penetration has grown in Germany,
DTs competitors share of the broadband market has grown to nearly 60 percent.205 As of June
2014, DT leads the market with 42.5 percent of subscribers, followed by Vodafone Germany
(17.8 percent), United Internet (12.7 percent), Unitymedia KabelBW (9.4 percent), Telefnica
(7.5 percent), and a variety of other providers (10.1 percent).206 BNetzA attributes the growth in
competition to the increasing popularity of cable operators in Germany.207 Quad-play packages
(TV, Internet, home, and mobile phone) are becoming increasingly common in Germany.208
In addition, BNetzA reported that the growth in German broadband connections has slowed in the
last several years, as the market has become saturated.209 As for mobile broadband networks,
BNetzA notes that extensive LTE network expansion continues, spurred by Germanys successful
completion of its 2010 digital dividend auction.210
Before the approval of Telefnica and E-Plus merger in early September 2014, there were four
mobile operators in Germany. As of June 2014, DT had the most subscribers, with 32.7 percent
201
Initiative Netzqualitaet, http://www.initiative-netzqualitaet.de (accessed Jan. 15, 2014).
202
Id.
203
Telegeography CommsUpdate, EC Gives Telefonica/E-Plus Deal Final Approval (Sept. 1, 2014),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/09/01/ec-gives-telefonicae-plus-dealfinal-approval/ (accessed Oct. 21, 2014).
204
Telegeography CommsUpdate, FCO Warns That Telefonica/E-Plus Deal Could Harm Consumers (June
16, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/16/fco-warns-thattelefonicae-plus-deal-could-harm-consumers/ (accessed Oct. 10, 2014).
205
BNetzA, Activity Reports Telecommunication and Post 2012/2013,

http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/cln_1932/
SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/EN/2013/131216_ActivityReports_2012-2013.html?nn=404530 (accessed
Mar. 10, 2014).
206
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Germany (2014) (accessed Oct. 10, 2014).
207
Id.
208
Id.
209
BNetzA, Press Release: Bundesnetzagentur Announces Positive Competition Development in

Telecommunications Sector, http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/cln_1932/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/
EN/2011/111215_ActivityReportPostTK.html?nn=214432 (accessed Oct. 10, 2014).
210
Id.
26
DA 15-132
of Germanys 110 million wireless subscribers, followed closely by Vodafone Germany (28.9
percent), E-Plus (20.8 percent), and Telefnica (17.5 percent). The German mobile sector also
has more than 75 MVNOs that resell services utilizing the infrastructure of the four largest
facilities-based operators. Notably, some MVNOs are extended operations for other major
European network operators, including British Telecom, Tele2, and Turkcell.211
Wired
212

213

(2013)214
Wireless
inhabitants215
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
34.8
0.3
6.2
28.2
0.0
28,603,463
85.0
45.1
37,057,293
14. Greece
Regulation: In March 2014, Greeces independent regulator, the Hellenic National
Telecommunications & Post Commission (EETT), presented its 2014 Action Plan.217 Among its
priority areas, the EETT planned to improve internal efficiency, enhance e-business initiatives,
contribute to the EU debate on regulatory issues, and hold auctions for the 800 MHz, 2.6 MHz,
and 3.4-3.8 GHz bands.218
The EETT held its digital dividend auction of spectrum in the 800 MHz and 2600 MHz bands in
October 2014.219 Cosmote (the mobile subsidiary of incumbent operator Hellenic
Telecommunications Organization (OTE)), Vodafone, and Wind Hellas each acquired two paired
5 megahertz blocks (210 megahertz) in the 800 MHz band, paying EUR103 million (US$128.6
million), EUR103.1 million (US$128.8 million), and EUR103.01 million (US$128.7 million),
respectively.220 Additionally, the three companies shared 14 paired blocks of 2 5 megahertz in
211
Id.
212
213
Id.
214
215
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (Dec. 2013) (accessed Oct. 28, 2014
216
Id.
217
Hellenic Telecommunications & Post Commission, Presentation of EETTs Action Plan for 2014,
http://www.eett.gr/opencms/opencms/admin_EN/News/news_0251.html (accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
218
Id.
219
Telegeography CommsUpdate, 800 MHz, 2600 MHz Auction Results Announced (Oct. 14, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/10/14/800mhz-2600mhz-auctionresults-announced/ (accessed Oct. 16, 2014).
220
Id.
27
DA 15-132
the 2600 MHz band, each paying EUR4.70 million (US$5.9 million) per block. Vodafone and
Cosmote each also acquired two unpaired 10 megahertz blocks in the 2600MHz band, priced at
EUR1.3 million (US$1.6 million) per block.221
Market and Competition: OTE has rolled out ADSL infrastructure to 99 percent of its
network.222 OTE, with a 44 percent market share, reported 1.25 million broadband subscribers as
of September 2013.223 Other retail operators that provide fixed broadband services primarily via
unbundled local loop access include: ForthNet (19 percent market share), Hellas Online (15
percent), and Wind Hellas (11 percent).224 Broadband services delivered over technologies other
than xDSL represent a very small fraction of total connections, less than 0.5 percent of overall
subscribers, the smallest percentage among EU Member States.225 Overall, Greece continues to
rank near the bottom among western European countries in terms of broadband adoption.226
As of June 2014, Cosmote led the mobile sector with a 45 percent market share, followed by
Vodafone (30 percent), and Wind Hellas (25 percent).227 In November 2011, Greeces three
wireless operators, Cosmote, Vodafone, and Wind Hellas, acquired technology-neutral spectrum
licenses in the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands.228 The new licenses allowed the three companies
to expand 3G services and launch 4G LTE services. In November 2012, Cosmote launched the
countrys first commercial LTE network, providing coverage to 80 percent of Athens and 90
percent of Thessaloniki by the end of September 2013.229 In June 2013, Vodafone rolled out its
own 4G network, expanding coverage to the majority of both cities.230
The effects of Greeces debt crisis and economic austerity measures have led to less disposable
income for consumers and a reduction in demand for new mobile subscriptions; nevertheless,
mobile broadband subscriber levels have increased modestly over the last few years.231 Cosmote,
the segment leader, reported approximately 300,000 mobile broadband users at the end of
December 2013, up from 182,000 only four years earlier.232
221
Id.
222
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Greece (2014) (accessed Sept. 3, 2014).
223
Id.
224
Id.
225
Id.
226
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(c) (Dec. 2013) (accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
227
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Greece (2014) (accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
228
Id.
229
Id.
230
Id.
231
Id.
232
Id.
28

Wired
233

234

(2013)235
Wireless
inhabitants236
DA 15-132
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
26.2
0.0
0.0
26.2
0.0
2,910,074
55.0
36.2
4,016,512
15. Hong Kong

Regulation: Hong Kongs new converged regulator, the Office of the Communications
Authority (OFCA), began official operations in April 2012 following the merger of the Office of
the Telecommunications Authority (OFTA) and the Broadcasting Division of the Television and
Entertainment Licensing Authority (TELA).238 OFCA regulates the telecommunications and
broadcasting industries and manages spectrum.239
In the past few years, Hong Kong has held several spectrum auctions directed at the development
of 4G networks. In January 2009, OFTA held a technology-neutral Broadband Wireless Access
(BWA) auction of the 2600 MHz band.240 As a result of this auction, four of Hong Kongs main
mobile network operators (CSL New World Mobility, China Mobile Hong Kong, 3 and PCCW)
all launched LTE services between 2010 and 2012. In February 2011, to meet the need for
capacity expansion in light of the rapid growth of mobile usage, OFTA allocated nearly 30
megahertz of technology-neutral spectrum in the 850 MHz, 900 MHz, and 2000 MHz bands.241
Then, in February 2012, OFTA auctioned an additional 90 megahertz of 4G-suitable spectrum in
the 2.3 GHz band.242
As its first major act, in March 2013, OFCA successfully auctioned a total of 50 megahertz in the
2.5/2.6 GHz bands.243 Genius Brand, SmarTone, China Mobile Hong Kong, and CSL won 4G
233
234
Id.
235
236
237
Id.
238
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Hong Kong (2014) (accessed Sept. 9, 2014).
239
Id.
240
Id.
241
Id.
242
Id.
243
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Incumbent Cellcos Win 2.5 GHz/2.6 GHz Spectrum (Mar. 20, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/03/20/incumbent-cellcos-win-25ghz2-6ghz-spectrum/ (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
29
DA 15-132
spectrum licenses at that auction.244

In November 2013, OFCA announced that the existing term of assignments for the spectrum in
the 1.9 GHz and 2.2 GHz bands (3G spectrum), totaling 120 megahertz, will expire in October
2016. OFCA will reassign 40 megahertz of this 3G spectrum,) currently held by four incumbent
network operators, through an auction to be held in 2016.245 Although OFCA will allow the four
incumbents to participate in the auction, the auction is primarily intended to facilitate the entry of
a fifth operator in Hong Kongs mobile market. The frequencies are expected to be reassigned on
a technology-neutral basis, making them usable for 3G, 4G, or other services.246
Market and Competition: Hong Kongs telecommunications operators have made a concerted
effort to roll out advanced networks and, as a result, virtually all businesses and households now
have access to some form of broadband connectivity.247 Despite the large number of fixed
network operators, the former incumbent PCCW remains the dominant broadband provider, with
around 57 percent of all subscribers as of June 2014.248 In addition to PCCW, the main fixed line
network operators are Hong Kong Broadband Network (25.5 percent), Hutchison Global
Communications (8.4 percent), and i-Cable (7.1 percent).249
The mobile market is split among four operators: as of June 2014, PCCW lead the market with a
38.1 percent market share, followed by Hutchinson Telephone Company (26.6 percent), China
Mobile Hong Kong (19.4 percent), and SmarTone (15.9 percent).250 This competitive balance
differs significantly from previous years, in which CSL dominated the mobile market in May
2014, Hong Kong Telecommunications Limited (HKT), part of PCCW, bought 100 percent of
CSL, previously Hong Kongs largest mobile provider, subject to a number of conditions
imposed by OCFA.251
In August 2012, SmarTone became the last Hong Kong mobile operator to launch commercial 4G
LTE mobile services, utilizing the 1800 MHz band for its LTE services, in contrast to other
companies that use the 2.5/2.6 GHz bands.252 Also in August 2012, CSL launched what it
claimed was the worlds first commercial 1800/2600 MHz dual-band 4G LTE network. Although
CSL originally launched LTE services in the 2.5/2.6 GHz bands in November 2010, its latest
network upgrade is based on software defined radio technology, allowing the use of dual-band
LTE frequencies (1800 and 2600 MHz) in a single radio cell.253 Building upon this development,
244
Id.
245
Telegeography CommsUpdate, OFCA Releases Official Statement on 3G Reallocation (Dec. 9, 2013),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/12/09/ofca-releases-officialstatement-on-3g-reallocation/ (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
246
Id.
247
248
Id.
249
Id.
250
Id.
251
Telegeography CommsUpdate, PCCWs Acquisition of CSL Approved by Regulator, With Conditions

(May 6, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/06/pccwsacquisition-of-csl-approved-by-regulator-with-conditions/ (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
252
253
Telegeography CommsUpdate, CSL Claims First 1800 MHz/2600 MHz Dual-Band LTE Launch (Aug.
30
DA 15-132
CSL, with the help of ZTE Corp, activated Hong Kongs first LTE-A network in September 2013
and reached access speeds of 300 Mbps.254 In May 2014, PCCW launched Hong Kongs first
commercial Voice-over-LTE (VoLTE) service.255
In addition to advanced LTE deployment, Hong Kongs mobile carriers are also investing in other
services. In July 2013, PCCW launched HKT Enterprise Cloud, a carrier-grade cloud service for
enterprise customers in Hong Kong, which also offers cross-border services tailored to customers
with a presence in Hong Kong and mainland China.256 In December 2013, Hutchison announced
plans to offer a total of 16,000 public WiFi hotspots in early 2014.257
Wired
259
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
30.75
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
2,215,475
% of households with fixed broadband access (July 2014)260
83
Wireless
Mobile wireless broadband subs per 100 inhabitants261
262
Mobile wireless broadband subs (2014)
95.44
6,875,000
16. Hungary
Regulation: In July 2012, in an effort to generate much-needed government revenue, Hungary
introduced a new tax on phone calls and text messages.263 The new tax charged customers 2
24, 2012), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2012/08/24/csl-claims-first1800mhz2600mhz-dual-band-lte-launch/index.html (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
254
Telegeography CommsUpdate, ZTE and CSL Demo 300 Mbps-Capable LTE-A Network (Sept. 11,
2013), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/09/11/zte-and-csl-demo300mbps-capable-lte-a-network/ (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
255
Telegeography CommsUpdate, PCCW (HKT) Launches VoLTE; 3 HK Not Far Behind (May 16, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/16/pccw-hkt-launches-volte-3-hknot-far-behind/ (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
256
Telegeography CommsUpdate, HKT Launches Carrier-Grade Enterprise Cloud Service in Partnership

with HP (July 18, 2013), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/07/18/hktlaunches-carrier-grade-enterprise-cloud-service-in-partnership-with-hp/ (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
257
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Hutchison Aims For 16,000 Wi-Fi Hotspots (Dec. 18, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/12/18/hutchison-aims-for-16000-wifi-hotspots/ (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
258
259
Id.
260
See http://www.ofca.gov.hk/en/media_focus/data_statistics/key_stat/ (accessed Oct. 28, 2014).
261
262
Id.
263
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Hungary (2014) (accessed Oct. 20, 2014).
31
DA 15-132
forints (HUF) (US$0.0082) a minute (or per text message) and overlapped with a pre-existing
crisis tax, levied in 2010 on various sectors, including telecommunications.264 The crisis tax
charged telecommunications operators as much as 6.5 percent on gross revenues and generated
over HUF180 billion (US$814 million) while in effect from 2010 to 2012.265 The EC criticized
both the new tax and the crisis tax as unfair to foreign-owned telecom companies.266
In January 2013, the EC threatened to bring a case against Hungary at the ECJ over the new tax,
but in July 2013, it dropped plans to initiate legal action.267 In November 2013, the Hungarian
government suggested it would decrease or eliminate the controversial tax on phone calls and text
messages, but no additional steps have been taken as of May 2014.268
Market and Competition: Hungary has three major mobile networks operators Deutsche
Telekom-owned Magyar, which operates under the T-Mobile brand; Telenor Hungary (formerly
Pannon); and Vodafone.269 T-Mobile launched commercial LTE services in Hungary in January
2012, covering approximately 45 percent of the population by March 2014.270 Telenor launched
LTE services in July 2012 and has continued to expand its 3G and 4G networks, spending over
HUF10 billion (approximately US$41 million) in 2014 to increase mobile Internet speeds and
improve coverage in rural areas.271
In November 2013, the government of Hungary abandoned plans to enter the domestic mobile
phone market via a new state-owned company. Previously, as part of an effort to further increase
competition in the domestic market, the Hungarian regulator, the National Media and
Infocommunications Authority (NMHH), planned to auction spectrum licenses for wireless
broadband services and create a new company, MPVI Mobil, to serve as the fourth mobile
network operator in the country.272 A January 2012 spectrum auction awarded certain spectrum
to MPVI; however, the Budapest Metropolitan Court annulled the results of the frequency
auction, a decision later upheld by Hungarys Supreme Court.273 In April 2013, MPVI Mobil
suspended its operations.274 In September 2013, because of the unfavorable court decisions,
NMHH extended the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz licenses of the three mobile network operators
(Magyar Telekom, Telenor, and Vodafone) until 2022.275 Following the suspension of its
operations in April 2013, MPVI Mobile merged with Magyar Posta, and its HUF500 million
(US$2.3 million) start-up capital was returned to its other two shareholders.276
264
Id.
265
Id.
266
Id.
267
Id.
268
Id.
269
IHS Global Insight, Hungary Telecoms Report (2012) (accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
270
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Hungary (2014) (accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
271
Id.
272
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: MVPI Mobile (2013) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
273
Id.
274
Id.
275
Id.
276
Id.
32
DA 15-132
In May 2014, NMHH announced plans to auction 20-year mobile broadband licenses in the 800
MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2600 MHz bands.277 By June 2014, four companies submitted
applications to bid Magyar Telekom, Telenor, Vodafone, and broadband Internet provider DIGI
Telecommunications.278 In September 2014, these four applicants won licenses; Hungary raised a
total of HUF130.6 billion (approx. US$531 million) with this auction.279
Wired
280

281

(2013)282
Wireless
inhabitants283
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
23.1
3.5
11.6
8.0
0.0
2,282,133
71.0
27.7
2,738,282
17. Iceland
Regulation: In November 2012, Icelands Parliament adopted a four-year Telecommunications
Implementation Plan. The plan sets out a number of short-term and long-term goals, including:
90 percent of homes and businesses must have access to a 30 Mbps connection by 2014 (100
percent by 2022); 70 percent of homes and businesses must have access to a 100 Mbps
connection by 2014 (99 percent by 2022); and 98 percent of homes and businesses must have
access to high-speed mobile networks by 2014 (99.9 percent by 2022).285
In February 2013, Icelands regulatory agency, the Post and Telecom Administration (PTA),
launched an auction of spectrum in the 800 MHz and 1.8 GHz bands for 4G services.286 In midMarch 2013, the countrys four major mobile providers all won spectrum: 365 Media won 30
277
Telegeography CommsUpdate, NMHH Announces Tender for Multiband Mobile Broadband Licenses
(May 23, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/23/nmhhannounces-tender-for-multiband-mobile-broadband-licences/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
278
Telegeography CommsUpdate, NMHH Receives Four Applications for Mobile Broadband Frequencies
(June 18, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/18/nmhhreceives-four-applications-for-mobile-broadband-frequencies/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
279
Telecoms, Hungary Generates 418 Million through Spectrum Auction (Sept. 29, 2014),
http://www.telecoms.com/288312/hungary-generates-e418-million-through-spectrum-auction/ (accessed
Oct. 27, 2014).
280
281
Id.
282
283
284
Id.
285
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Iceland (2014) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
286
Id.
33
DA 15-132
megahertz in the 800 MHz band (215 megahertz);287 Vodafone Iceland won 20 megahertz (210
megahertz) in the 800 MHz band and 10 megahertz (25 megahertz) in the 1.8 GHz band; Siminn
won 30 megahertz (215 megahertz) in the 1.8 GHz band, and Nova won 20 megahertz (25
megahertz) in the 800 MHz band and 10 megahertz (25 megahertz) in the 1.8 GHz band.288 In
sum, the auction generated ISK225.2 million (approximately US$1.775 million) in government
revenue.289 Licensees are required to provide broadband access at minimum speeds of 2 Mbps to
93.5 percent of the population by December 2014, 10 Mbps by December 2016, and 30 Mbps by
December 2020.290
In March 2014, PTA initiated a public consultation on a proposal to authorize the shared use of
frequencies in the 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2100 MHz bands among mobile network
operators Vodafone and Nova, the current license holders.291 Under the proposed spectrumsharing agreement, Vodafone and Nova would participate in a joint venture, but the partnership
would only cover a certain part of the network infrastructure.292 In July 2014, the PTA approved
the Vodafone-Nova spectrum sharing agreement.293
Market and Competition: Broadband adoption in Iceland remains among the highest in the
world. Stimulated by government policies, FTTH has been expanded in the capital and major
outlying towns.294 Fiber is the standard technology used in new constructions and
redevelopments, providing an important stimulus for high-end IP-delivered services.295
The incumbent operator, Siminn, is the principal provider of fixed broadband services.296 It
operates a comprehensive ADSL network in addition to an extensive fiber optic network, which
reaches more than 50 percent of households in the capital and over one third of the remaining
countryside.297 Vodafone is Siminns chief competitor, offering DSL packages at speeds of up to
12 Mbps.298 Vodafone is also Icelands largest fiber-based access provider, accounting for
approximately 75 percent of all fiber connections at the end of 2013.299
There are three key players in Icelands mobile market: Siminn (35 percent market share),
287
Id.
288
Id.
289
Id.
290
Id.
291
Id.
292
Id.
293
Telegeography CommsUpdate, PTA approves Vodafone-Nova Frequency Sharing Deal (July 4, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/07/04/pta-approves-vodafone-novafrequency-sharing-deal/ (accessed Nov. 1, 2014).
294
Business Wire, Research and Markets, Iceland Telecoms, IP Networks, Digital Media and Forecasts
(Feb. 2014), http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/bxxg4r/iceland_telecoms (accessed Sept. 8,
2014).
295
Id.
296
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Iceland (2014) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
297
Id.
298
Id.
299
Id.
34
DA 15-132
Vodafone (27 percent), and Nova (33 percent), which rolled out Icelands first commercial 4G
network in April 2013.300 Over the past year, all three companies have taken proactive steps to
expand 4G LTE coverage.
Wired
302

(2013)303
Wireless
inhabitants304
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
35.8
7.9
0.0
27.8
0.0
115,826
93.0
76.5
247,690
18. India
Regulation: Indias communications policymaking powers are split between two regulatory
bodies: (1) the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (MoCIT), which sets
telecommunications policy, manages spectrum, and manages government investment in
telecommunications companies, and (2) the Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of India
(TRAI), an independent regulator with jurisdiction over interconnection tariffs, quality of service,
cable TV prices, and cable TV advertising.306 In 2002, to help combat the digital divide created
by Indias large rural population and high poverty levels, MoCIT introduced a Universal Service
Obligation Fund (USOF).307
In April 2012, following two years of consultation, the Indian government released the countrys
National Telecom Policy (NTP 2012).308 The NTP 2012 includes plans to eliminate roaming
charges and to expand the scope of number portability. It also sets a target of 175 million
broadband connections by 2017 and 600 million subscriptions with 2 Mbps access by 2020.
Immediately following the passage of the NTP 2012, the government approved the construction
of a National Optical Fiber Network (NOFN), first proposed by TRAI in its Recommendation on
a National Broadband Plan in 2010.309 A newly created state-owned company, Bharat Broadband
Network Limited (BBNL), manages the national fiber network. In February 2014, BBNL secured
300
Id.
301
302
Id.
303
304
305
Id.
306
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: India (2014) (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
307
Ministry of Communication & Information Technology, Universal Service Obligation Fund,

http://www.usof.gov.in/usof-cms/usof_home_contd.htm (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
308
309
Id.
35
DA 15-132
USOF assistance for the five-year deployment of a fiber optic transport network capable of
providing 100 Mbps of bandwidth to 250,000 small villages and towns.310 To complement the
NTP, Indias Prime Minister Narendra Modi has made an ambitious Digital India agenda a top
priority for his new government. The specific goals of Digital India include investing in
infrastructure (like the NOFN) and ensuring broadband connectivity down to the village level.
The government plans to roll out the program in phases through 2018.
ndias recent spectrum auction, originally planned for January 2014, was delayed slightly due to
an ongoing disagreement between DoT and TRAI over pricing recommendations for the 800
MHz band.311 In February 2014, MoCITs Department of Telecommunications (DoT) moved
forward with an auction of spectrum in the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands.312 The auction raised
more than US$9 billion in government revenue.313 Airtel secured frequencies in both bands,
which it plans to use to expand its 4G network. Similarly, newcomer Reliance Jio Infocomm,
which already owns rights to pan-India 4G frequencies, acquired additional 4G-suitable spectrum
in the 1800 MHz band.314
Market and Competition: At the end of March 2014, there were 134 active ISPs operating in
India.315 Despite the large number of access providers, the fixed broadband market remains
dominated by the two state-owned domestic incumbents, Mahanahar Telephone Nigam Ltd.
(MTNL), which provides services principally in Delhi and Mumbai, and Bharat Sanchar Nigam
Ltd. (BSNL), which provides services to the rest of India.316 As of June 2014, BSNL led the
broadband market with 65 percent of subscribers. Other top providers include Bharti Airtel, the
countrys largest privately owned company and second largest ISP overall (9.9 percent market
share), and Reliance Communications (1.2 percent).317
Indias mobile market is more competitive, with 13 active operators providing wireless services
as of March 2014.318 Only four operators have a pan-India footprint Bharti Airtel (22.9 percent
market share), Vodafone (18.6 percent), Idea Cellular (15.2 percent), and Aircel (8.0 percent).319
In 2012, Bharti Airtel launched the nations first LTE service in Kolkata, Bangalore and Pune,
with minimum download speeds of 10-15 Mbps.320 Aircel, with the help of Chinas ZTE
310
Id.
311
Telegeography CommsUpdate, TRAI Refuses to Issue Recommendations on 800 MHz Pricing (Nov. 19,
2013), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/11/19/trai-refuses-to-issuerecommendations-on-800mhz-pricing/ (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
312
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Spectrum Auction Nets USD9.9bn for Govt. (Feb. 14, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/02/14/spectrum-auction-nets-usd99bn-for-govt-/ (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
313
Id.
314
Id.
315
316
Id.
317
Id.
318
Id.
319
Id.
320
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Bharti Launches Indias First LTE Network (Apr. 10, 2012),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2012/04/10/bharti-launches-indias-first-ltenetwork/ (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
36
DA 15-132
Corporation, is expected to deploy its LTE network in late 2014.321

To increase efficient network use, Indias telecom providers have utilized infrastructure sharing
arrangements. In December 2013, mobile provider Bharti Airtel entered a pan-India
infrastructure sharing deal with 4G startup Reliance Jio Infocomm.322 The partnership is reported
to extend to jointly laying fiber optic cable and other infrastructure. Likewise, state-owned
operators BSNL and MTNL entered a deal to share infrastructure and jointly provide services to
corporate customers to cut costs and alleviate pressure from private competition.323 In June 2014,
MoCIT requested that the government consider a merger of BSNL and MTNL due to both
companies ongoing financial difficulties.324
Other Media: Indias public TV network operates about 20 national, regional, and local
services; however, there are an increasing number of privately-owned TV stations distributed by
cable and satellite service providers.325 By the end of 2012, approximately 650 channels were
available for viewing throughout India and more than 100 million homes had access to cable
and/or satellite TV offerings. Traditionally, radio broadcasting has been a primary medium for
entertainment, information and education for the masses, primarily due to the affordability of
radio receivers.326 All India Radio (AIR), the public broadcaster, has a network comprised of 237
stations that provide radio coverage to 99.1 percent of the population and reaches 91.8 percent of
the country.327 FM Radio reaches about 40 percent of the country, and as of December 2012,
there were approximately 242 private FM stations in operation in 86 cities.328
Topography: India is slightly more than one-third the size of the United States. The countrys
population density is 954 people per square mile, and approximately 72 percent of the population
lives in rural areas. The terrain is upland plain (the Deccan Plateau) in the south, flat to rolling
plain along the Ganges River, deserts in the west, and the Himalayas mountain range in the north.
321
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Aircel Taps ZTE For LTE Deployment (Jan. 3, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/01/03/aircel-taps-zte-for-ltedeployment/ (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
322
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Jio and Airtel in Surprise 4G Tie-Up (Dec. 11, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/12/11/jio-and-airtel-in-surprise-4g-tieup/ (accessed Jan. 6, 2014).
323
Telegeography CommsUpdate, State-Owned Operators Ink Infrastructure Sharing Deal (Sept. 24,
2013), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/09/24/state-owned-operatorsink-infrastructure-sharing-deal/ (accessed Jan. 10, 2014).
324
Telegeography CommsUpdate, DoT Preparing Request for BSNL, MTNL Merger (June 26, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/26/dot-preparing-request-for-bsnlmtnl-merger/ (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
325
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), Consultation on Issues Related to Media Ownership
(Feb. 15, 2013),
http://www.trai.gov.in/Content/ConsultationDescription.aspx?CONSULT_ID=675&qid=13 (accessed Aug.
2, 2013).
326
Id.
327
Id.
328
Id.
37

Wired
Total
329

Fixed broadband subs (2013)330
% of households with fixed broadband access (2014)331
Fiber
1.16
n/a
14,540,000
6.0
DA 15-132
Cable
DSL
Other
n/a
n/a
n/a
Wireless
3.25
40,660,000
19. Ireland
Regulation: In August 2012, the Ministry of Communications, Energy and Natural Resources
announced its new national broadband plan, which aims to bring connectivity at speeds of at least
30 Mbps to every home in the country by 2015.334 The plan sets out three goals for broadband
availability: by 2015, 50 percent of the population will have access to download speeds of 70-100
Mbps, 20 percent will be offered 40 Mbps or faster download speeds, and the remaining 30
percent of the population, no matter how rural or remote, will have minimum speeds of 30
Mbps.335 In April 2014, the Ministry updated the plan and announced a major state-led fiber
build-out to rural areas.336 The Ministry is currently conducting a comprehensive mapping
project, already identifying over 1,000 locations as proposed locations for the fiber-based
connections.337
In November 2012, Irelands regulator, the Commission for Communications Regulation
(ComReg), held an auction of 800 MHz, 900 MHz, and 1800 MHz band spectrum.338 The
auction released approximately 140 megahertz of paired spectrum for LTE use and raised
EUR854.6 million (US$1.09 billion).339 Eircoms mobile arm Meteor, Hutchison Whampoas 3
Ireland, Telefnicas O2 Ireland, and Vodafone Ireland won spectrum licenses.340 Vodafone, the
329
330
Id.
331
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: India (2014) (accessed Oct. 29, 2014).
332
333
Id.
334
Ministry of Communications, Energy & Natural Resources, The National Broadband Plan: Delivering
a Connected Society (Aug. 30, 2012), http://www.dcenr.gov.ie/NR/rdonlyres/1EA7B477-741B-4B74A08E-6350135C32D2/0/NBP.pdf (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
335
Id.
336
Ministry of Communications, Energy & Natural Resources, National Broadband Plan: Update April
2014,
http://www.dcenr.gov.ie/Communications/Communications+Development/Next+Generation+Broadband/N
ational+Broadband+Plan+Update+April+2014.htm (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
337
Id.
338
Id.
339
Id.
340
Id.
38
DA 15-132
leading mobile provider in Ireland, won the most spectrum, with 2 paired blocks (210
megahertz) in the 800 MHz and 900 MHz bands, as well as a paired (215 megahertz) block and
a paired (225 megahertz) block in the 1800 MHz band. 341 Under the license terms, licensees
must provide coverage to at least 70 percent of the population within 3 years.342
In November 2013, ComReg held another auction for spectrum in the 1800 MHz band that
remained unassigned following the previous years multi-band auction.343 In January 2014,
however, ComReg reported that it received no bids; because the license in question will expire in
July 2015, ComReg will not re-auction this spectrum.344
In February 2014, Parliament passed the Electronic Communications Network Bill, designed to
allow electricity operator ESB to partner with a mobile operator to deploy fiber-based broadband
networks via underground ducts.345 ESB has since entered into an exclusive agreement with
Vodafone, with the goal of expanding high-speed Internet connectivity to 450,000 homes and
businesses across Ireland.346
Market and Competition: Vodafone is the leading mobile operator in Ireland with a 40 percent
share of subscribers at the end of June 2014, followed by Telefnicas O2 (29 percent), Eircoms
Meteor (20 percent), and 3 Ireland (11 percent).347 In June 2013, in an effort to reduce debt,
Telefnica agreed to sell O2 to Hutchison Whampoa for EUR850 million (US$1.1 billion).348
The proposed merger would reduce the number of MNOs in the country from four to three, and
make 3 Ireland the second-leading mobile operator. Amidst concerns about competition, the EC
began an extensive investigation into the merger in late 2013.349 In February 2014, the EC
presented 3 Ireland with a list of objections,350 which Hutchinson Whampoa responded to by
341
Id.
342
Id.
343
Id. In the November 2013 auction, the 1800 MHz licenses were split by both frequency and time.
Although Hutchinson Wampoas 3 Ireland acquired the license for the second time segment (July 2015
through July 2030), no one acquired the license for the first shorter time segment (from November 2012
through July 2015), so ComReg re-auctioned this license.
344
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Irish Operators Shun 1800 MHz Spectrum (Jan. 8, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/01/08/irish-operators-shun-1800mhzspectrum/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
345
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Ireland (2014) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
346
Id.
347
Id.
348
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Telefonica Sells O2 Ireland to Hutch in USD1.1bn Deal (June 24, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/06/24/telefonica-sells-o2-ireland-tohutch-in-usd1-1bn-deal/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
349
Telegeography CommsUpdate, EC to Probe Hutch Ireland Merger Plan (Nov. 7, 2013),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/11/07/eu-to-probe-hutch-irelandmerger-plan/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
350
Telegeography CommsUpdate, EC Hits 3 Ireland With List of Objections to O2 Buyout (Feb. 4, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/02/04/ec-hits-3-ireland-with-list-ofobjections-to-o2-buyout/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
39
DA 15-132
offering several concessions, including setting-up a new market entrant.351 In May 2014, the EC
gave formal approval for the merger.352 In response to the ECs decision, ComReg has expressed
concern that the merger will negatively impact Irish consumers, and Vodafone has threatened
legal action.353
In September 2013, Eircom became the first Irish operator to launch LTE service, quickly
followed by market leader Vodafone less than a month later.354 The launch of LTE by O2 and 3
Ireland is likely to be significantly delayed by their merger plans, with the O2 brand set to be
phased out by mid-2015.355
Wired
357

(2013)358
Wireless
inhabitants359
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
24.4
0.1
7.4
16.9
0.0
1,121,551
65.0
69.2
3,175,008
20. Israel
Regulation: In October 2011, the Israeli government announced that it was seeking an investor
to help build a 25,000 kilometer fiber optic network to bring ultra-high speed Internet to Israel
and increase competition in the broadband sector.361 Under the plan, the investor would take a 51
351
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Hutch Looks Set to Get EU Thumbs Up for O2 Ireland Merger (May
19, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/19/hutch-looks-set-toget-eu-thumbs-up-for-o2-ireland-merger/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
352
Telegeography CommsUpdate, EU Approves Hutchs Takeover of O2 Ireland (May 29, 2014),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/29/eu-approves-hutchs-takeoverof-o2-ireland/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
353
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Vodafone Reacts Angrily to EUs Decision to Approve 3 Irelands O2

Takeover (May 30, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/30/vodafone-reacts-angrily-to-eusdecision-to-approve-3-irelands-o2-takeover/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
354
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Ireland (2014) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
355
Id.
356
357
Id.
358
359
360
Id.
361
Reuters, Israel Seeks Investor for New Fiber Optic Network (Oct. 9, 2011), http://www.reuters.com/
article/2011/10/09/israel-telecom-idUSL5E7L90AT20111009 (accessed Aug. 2, 2013).
40
DA 15-132
percent ownership interest in a new private company in partnership with the Israel Electric
Corporation (IEC).362 Original projections estimated that approximately 65 percent of the
population would be able to access the Internet at speeds of 100 Mbps by 2018, with the
remainder of the country receiving coverage by 2020.363 After languishing for over a year, the
IEC finally received the Ministry of Finances approval in January 2013 and it partnered with
Swedish communications operator ViaEuropa to establish a high-speed fiber network alongside
the nationwide electric grid.364 Deployment was scheduled to start at the end of 2013 but no
updates are available as of June 2014.
Market and Competition: In August 2012, Israels fixed line incumbent Bezeq confirmed plans
to invest in upgrading its infrastructure by replacing its copper wire network over the course of
the next five to eight years with an FTTP network. Investment for the project was to be approved
in stages, depending on Bezeqs ability to deploy the network coupled with customer demand.
The company began rolling out its upgraded network in October 2012; the first locales to benefit
from the new network were densely populated apartment blocks and business parks.365 By the
end of 2013, Bezeq said it had connected approximately 400,000 premises to the infrastructure,
up from 200,000 a year earlier. Bezeq has said it expects to have approximately one million
households, representing around 40 percent of the population, connected to the FTTP network by
the end of 2014.366
Wireless broadband services meanwhile have yet to make a significant impact in Israel. The
Ministry of Communications (MoC), the Israeli telecommunications regulator, has not yet
auctioned wireless broadband spectrum or established a regulatory framework or timetable for the
rollout of such services.367
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
25.1
0.0
9.1
16.0
0.0

(2012)370
Wireless
2,024,000
Wired
368
71.0
362
Id.
363
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Israel (2014) (accessed Sept. 5, 2014).
364
Reuters, Viaeuropa Wins Deal for High-Speed Israeli Fibre Optic Network (June 16, 2013),
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/16/israel-fibreoptics-idUSL5N0ES0KG20130616 (accessed Aug.
2, 2013).
365
The Times of Israel, Bezeq Joins Fiber Optic Fray (Oct. 4, 2012), http://www.timesofisrael.com/bezeqjoins-fiber optic-cabling-fray/ (accessed Oct. 22, 2014).
366
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Israel (2014) (accessed Sept. 5, 2014).
367
Id.
368
369
Id.
370
41

inhabitants371
DA 15-132
50.5
4,070,000
21. Italy
Regulation: In March 2013, Autorita per le Garanzie nelle Comunicazioni (AGCOM), Italys
communications regulator, reduced the wholesale broadband prices that Telecom Italia, the
former incumbent, could charge other operators for using its network.373 After several months of
study, in December 2013, the EC asked AGCOM to amend or withdraw the proposed price
reduction because it would not provide the regulated operator with a reasonable return on its
investment in broadband networks and may negatively impact alternative or next generation
infrastructure investments.374
Market and Competition: Italy is one of Western Europes least developed broadband
markets.375 The EU Digital Scoreboard reported in June 2013 that 37 percent of Italians have
never used the Internet and 53 percent do not use the Internet on a regular basis, among the
lowest in the EU on both measures.376 Moreover, Italy also lags behind the rest of Europe in
terms of broadband speed; according to the EC, just over 18 percent of broadband lines in Italy
offer speeds of 10 Mbps or more, compared to an EU average of 66 percent.377 ADSL remains
the dominant technology, accounting for approximately 93 percent of Italys million broadband
subscriptions as of June 2014.378 Telecom Italia is the broadband market leader with 48.9 percent
of subscribers, followed by Wind Telecomunicazioni (15.4 percent), FastWeb (14.0 percent),
Vodafone Italy (12.7 percent), Tiscali (3.4 percent), and other providers (5.6 percent).379
In May 2012, AGCOM warned that the delay in the rollout of broadband was costing Italian
gross domestic product (GDP) between 1-1.5 percent.380 Italian fixed line operators appeared to
have answered the governments call for concern. In September 2012, FastWeb announced that it
371
372
Id.
373
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Agcom Approves Wholesale Fibre Rates (Mar. 7, 2013),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/03/07/agcom-approves-wholesalefibre-rates/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
374
European Commission, Press Release: Commission Formally Requests Italian Telecoms Regulator
to Amend or Withdraw its Proposal for Wholesale Broadband Price Reductions (Dec. 12, 2013),
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-1247_en.htm (accessed Mar. 13, 2014).
375
La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno, Digital Divide Separates Italians from EU (Feb. 11, 2014),
http://www.lagazzettadelmezzogiorno.it/english/digital-divide-separates-italians-from-eu-no693458/
(accessed Feb. 14, 2014).
376
European Commission, Commission Staff Working Document: Digital Scoreboard December 2013,
http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/sites/digital-agenda/files/DAE%20SCOREBOARD%202013%20%20SWD%202013%20217%20FINAL.pdf (accessed Jan. 15, 2014).
377
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Italy (2014) (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
378
Id.
379
Id.
380
IHS Global Insight, Italy Telecoms Report (2014) (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
42
DA 15-132
would invest EUR400 million (US$513 million) over the next three years to expand its fiber optic
infrastructure in Italy.381 FastWeb will accomplish part of its fiber expansion by partnering with
Telecom Italia, which launched its first fiber-based services in Rome, Naples, and Turin in
December 2012. The two operators will share passive infrastructure and coordinate build out to
reduce environmental disruptions. Telecom Italia plans to roll out fiber-to-the-street cabinets in
100 cities by the end of 2014.382 After acquiring Verizons 23 percent stake in Vodafone Italy,
Vodafone has increased its infrastructure investment plan in Italy, planning FTTH connections
with speeds of at least 30 Mbps in 27 Italian cities.383
Italys mobile market had over 89 million subscribers at the end of June 2014, second only to
Germany in terms of active mobile subscriptions. Analysts estimate that, of these subscribers,
over 38 million Italians were connected to 3G networks as of June 2014, making Italy one of the
largest 3G markets in Europe.384 The mobile market leader, by subscribers, is Telecom Italia with
34.3 percent, followed by Vodafone Italy (30.1 percent), Wind Telecomunicazioni (24.5 percent),
and 3 Italia (11.0 percent). Investment in LTE continues to grow in Italy. Vodafone, TIM, and 3
Italia all deployed LTE in late 2012, and WIND began offering 4G services in March 2014.385
Wired
386

387

(2013)388
Wireless
inhabitants389
381
Total Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
22.3
0.0
21.7
0.0
0.5
13,597,570
68.0
65.3
39,840,597
382
Telecom Italia, Press Release: Announcing Launch of Ultra-Broadband Services Over Fibre Optics
(Dec. 4, 2012), http://www.telecomitalia.com/tit/en/archivio/media/comunicati-stampa/telecomitalia/mercato/consumer/ 2012/12-04.html (accessed Oct. 7, 2014)
383
ZDNet, Vodafone Aims $10bn 'Project Spring' War Chest at Italys 4G, Fibre Market (Sept. 6, 2013),
http://www.zdnet.com/vodafone-aims-10bn-project-spring-war-chest-at-italys-4g-fibre-market7000020325/ (accessed Jan. 15, 2014).

384
385
Id.
386
387
Id.
388
389
390
Id.
43
DA 15-132
22. Japan
Regulation: Japans regulator, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC),
continues to license spectrum by the beauty contest method. In 2012, the Japanese government
introduced legislation creating an auction-based system, but the administration of Prime Minister
Shinzo Abe suspended consideration of the bill, and it is unlikely that Japan will adopt spectrum
auctions in the near term.391
In February 2012, MIC granted SoftBank Mobile spectrum in the 900 MHz band, which the
carrier utilized to expand its 4G LTE services. In June 2012, NTT DoCoMo and KDDI, both of
whom already had LTE frequencies in the 800 MHz band, were awarded spectrum in the 700
MHz band. MIC also awarded spectrum in the 700 MHz band to eAccess subsidiary, eMobile,
which provides 4G services in the 1700 MHz band. The 700 MHz band spectrum licenses
commence on January 1, 2015.392
In July 2013, MIC also initiated a public consultation on revising its spectrum usage fees for the
2014-2017 fiscal periods. Under the proposed changes, wireless providers spectrum usage fees
would be halved. MIC hopes the reduction will contribute to the promotion of new wireless
technologies. The comment period ended in August 2013.393 Also in August 2013, MIC
allocated additional spectrum in the 2.5 GHz band, which is authorized only for standards that are
TD-LTE compliant, to KDDIs joint venture UQ Communications.394
Market and Competition: Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT), the largest
telecommunications company in the world in terms of revenue, dominates the Japanese market.
DSL subscribership continues to rapidly decline, while the number of FTTH connections
continues to grow.395 NTT leads the fiber sector with a share of 71.1 percent, far ahead of
competitors KDDI (12.8 percent) and Softbank (9.9 percent).396 A government-appointed panel
is overseeing plans to spread fiber access to all homes by 2015.397
In May 2014, NTT announced plans to launch its Hikari collaboration model, under which
NTT East and NTT West will provide access to their core networks on a wholesale basis.
According to NTT, the move represents the worlds first full-scale wholesaling of fiber access
391
Email communication with Japanese Embassy (Aug. 18, 2014).
392
Telegeography CommsUpdate, 700 MHz LTE Spectrum Granted to Three Japanese Cellcos (June 28,
2012),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2012/06/28/700mhz-lte-spectrum-grantedto-three-japanese-cellcos/index.html (accessed Jan. 10, 2014).
393
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Japan To Reduce Spectrum Usage Fees (July 19, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/07/19/japan-to-reduce-spectrumusage-fees/ (accessed Jan. 10, 2014).
394
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Japan Awards Additional Spectrum in the 2.5 GHz Band to UQ
Communications (Aug. 13, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/08/13/japan-awards-additionalspectrum-in-the-2-5ghz-band-to-uq-communications/ (accessed Mar. 20, 2014).
395
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Japan (2014) (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
396
Id.
397
Id.
44
DA 15-132
services.398
As of March 2014, Japan has 99 million 3G subscribers (down from 102 million in December
2013) and 45 million 4G LTE subscribers (up from 39 million in December 2013). With a
market share of 43.8 percent, NTT DoCoMo remains the market leader followed by KDDI (28.1
percent), Softbank Mobile (24.9 percent), and eMobile (3.1 percent).399
In May 2014, NTT DoCoMo announced that it would partner with several equipment vendors,
including Swedish vendor Ericsson, to begin experimenting with next-generation 5G technology.
NTT DoCoMo plans to commercially launch the 5G platform by 2020, in time for the Tokyo
Olympics.400
Wired
401

402

(2012)403
Wireless
inhabitants404
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
28.1
19.6
4.8
3.7
0.0
35,785,203
75.0
111.8
142,595,498
23. Korea
Regulation: In the wake of South Koreas 2012 legislative elections, South Koreas new
administration under the newly elected President Geun-hye Park initiated a plan to restructure the
South Korean government. In April 2013, the new administration created the Ministry of
Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP), which is responsible for telecommunication policy and
regulation, the ICT manufacturing industry, spectrum policy, broadband infrastructure, and cyber
security. Previously, the Korean Communications Commission (KCC) carried out these duties,
as well as regulating broadcasting. In the wake of these regulatory changes, MSIP has assumed
primary policy and regulatory responsibility for network licensing matters, regulating mergers
and acquisitions, setting technical standards, and establishing rates, terms, and practices for
telecom service providers. KCC retains final authority over terrestrial TV networks and will now
398
Id.
399
Id.
400
Telegeography CommsUpdate, NTT DOCOMO to Conduct Trials of 5G Technology with Six

Vendors (May 8, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/08/nttdocomo-to-conduct-trials-of-5g-technology-with-six-vendors/ (accessed Sept. 16, 2014).
401
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(1) (Dec. 2013) accessed Oct. 28, 2014).
402
Id.
403
404
405
Id.
45
DA 15-132
play a key role in protecting service users in the broadcast and telecom markets.406
As part of its new responsibilities, MSIP assumed control over South Koreas frequency
allocation plans. On January 2, 2014, MSIP announced plans to quadruple Koreas mobile
bandwidth by 2023. Under the plan, an additional 1190 megahertz of spectrum is expected to be
freed, in addition to the 390 megahertz currently in use.407 In August 2013, MSIP allocated 115
megahertz in the 1800 MHz and 2.6 GHz bands for LTE-based services through a complex, tworound auction.408 Spectrum allocated through the auctions included license conditions aimed at
reclaiming 2G spectrum.
Market and Competition: South Korean broadband providers offer services through a variety
of technologies. LAN/FTTx connections account for the largest proportion of users, more than
60 percent by the end of 2013, followed by HFC and xDSL, respectively.409 The top three
carriers of both fixed line and wireless services are KT Corp. (40.4 percent), SK Telecom (23.6
percent) and LG Uplus (15.1 percent).410
All three wireless companies achieved nationwide 4G LTE coverage by mid-2013, and
subsequently focused on the provision of faster speeds through more advanced technology.411 In
June 2013, SKT launched the worlds first commercial LTE-A service for smartphones, attracting
more than 150,000 subscribers.412 LG Uplus announced its LTE-A network in July 2013, and KT
Corp completed its nationwide LTE-A rollout in September 2013.413
South Korea is intent on becoming a leader in the development of 5G services. In January 2014,
MSIP announced plans to invest approximately KRW1.6 trillion (US$1.5 billion) in rolling out
trial 5G services by 2017, with the goal of a commercial launch in December 2020.414
Wired
415

416

(2009)417
Total Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
37.5
9.6
3.7
0.0
24.2
18,737,125
83.8
406
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: South Korea (2014) (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
407
Id.
408
Id.
409
Id.
410
Id.
411
Id.
412
Id.
413
Id.
414
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Ministry Outlines USD1.5bn 5G Investment Plan (Jan. 23, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/01/23/ministry-outlines-usd1-5bn-5ginvestment-plan/ (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
415
416
Id.
417
KCC. The data for Korea available in the OECD Broadband Portal Table 2a (97.5%) includes mobile
broadband access.
46

Wireless
inhabitants418
DA 15-132
103.8
51,892,608
24. Lithuania
Regulation: In October 2013, Lithuanias regulator, the Communications Regulatory Authority
(RRT), announced the results of its 800 MHz digital dividend spectrum auction. Bite Lithuania
won 210 megahertz in the 791-801 MHz and 832-842 MHz bands with a bid of LTL1.01
million (US$0.4 million), while Omnitel won 25 megahertz in the 801-806 MHz and 842-847
MHz bands and a further 25 megahertz in the 806-811 MHz and 847-852 MHz bands for a total
of LTL5.1 million (US$2.02 million). Tele2 won spectrum in the 811-816 MHz and 852-857
MHz bands and the 816-821 MHz and 857-862 MHz bands for a total of LTL2 million (US$0.79
million). As a condition of its license, Bite Lithuania must provide maximum download speeds
of up to 2 Mbps to 30 percent of sub-districts within three years and 80 percent of sub-districts
within five years; by 2020, Bite Lithuania must provide 4 Mbps speeds to 95 percent of
Lithuanian households.420
Market and Competition: According to FTTH Council Europe, Lithuania leads the continent in
terms of FTTH penetration, with 31.3 percent of all households connected to a fiber network at
the end of 2012 (most recent figure).421 FTTx/LAN surpassed xDSL as the dominant access
technology in mid-2009, and by the end of September 2013, fiber accounted for 61.4 percent of
fixed broadband subscribers.422 With 48.5 percent of fixed broadband subscribers and an FTTH
network covering 67 percent of households, the incumbent TEO LT leads the market as of June
2014.423 The remainder of the market is extremely competitive, with approximately 102 Internet
service providers vying for customers, but none of these operators has more than a 9 percent
market share.424
Three mobile network operators are active in Lithuania: Omnitel, Tele2 Lithuania, and Bite
Lithuania. As of June 2014, Tele2 had 41.4 percent of mobile subscribers, followed by Omnitel
(34.8 percent) and Bite Lithuania (24 percent).425 There are also four MVNOs, all operating on
Bite Lithuanias network, and six licensed resellers; nevertheless, the top three operators account
for approximately 99 percent of all mobile subscribers.426 In March 2012, all three network
operators were awarded spectrum in the 2.5/2.6 GHz bands and have begun constructing and
418
419
Id.
420
Communications Regulatory Authority (RRT), RTT Announces Auction Winners (Oct. 11, 2013),
http://www.rrt.lt/en/press-release/rrt-announces-auction-winners.html (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
421
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Lithuania (2014) (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
422
Id.
423
Id.
424
Id.
425
Id.
426
Id.
47
DA 15-132
expanding their LTE networks.427 In June 2014, Omnitel announced that its 4G LTE network
covered 50 percent of the population.428
Wired
429

430
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
22.01
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
664,063
431
% of households with fixed broadband access (2013)
64
Wireless
53.85
1,624,000
25. Luxembourg
Regulation: In 2010, the government introduced the National Strategy for Very High Speed
Networks, a plan for the nationwide deployment of ultra-high speed broadband by 2020.434
According to the plan, 100 percent of the population should have access to minimum download
speeds of 2 Mbps by the end of 2010, rising to 100 Mbps by the end of 2015, and 1 Gbps by the
end of 2020. The strategy also set the following interim targets: 95 percent of the population
should have access to 25 Mbps download speeds by 2011, 80 percent to 100 Mbps speeds by
2013, and 50 percent to 1 Gbps speeds by 2015.435
In 2011, a new Electronic Communications Act came into effect. According to the Institut
Luxembourgeois de Regulation (ILR), the main goals of the Act include: fostering competition in
the telecommunications sector; providing for the regulation of networks, including
interconnection practices, and ensuring cross-network interoperability; introducing universal
service obligations; and maintaining a complete separation between regulatory functions and
network operations.436
427
Id.
428
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Omnitel 4G Reaches 50% of Lithuanians (Jun. 9, 2014),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/09/omnitel-4g-reaches-50-oflithuanians/ (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
429
430
Id.
431

Oct. 28, 2014).
432
433
Id.
434
European Commission: Digital Agenda for Europe, Country Information Luxembourg,

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/country-information-luxembourg (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
435
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Luxembourg (2014) (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
436
Institut Luxembourgeois de Regulation (ILR), Electronic Communications,

http://www.ilr.public.lu/communications_electroniques/index.html (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
48
DA 15-132
To spur broadband deployment, ILR held several spectrum auctions between May 2012 and
November 2013, issuing or extending 4G-suitable licenses in the 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800
MHz, and 2.1/2.6 GHz bands.437
Market and Competition: In September 2013, P&T Luxembourg, the telecommunications
incumbent, and its mobile arm LuxGSM merged and officially rebranded as Post Luxembourg
(Post). Wholly state-owned, Post dominates the broadband market, with 68.5 percent of
subscribers as of June 2014. In 2011, Post launched LuxFibre FTTH, and it continues to roll
out its nationwide fiber network. In October 2013, motivated by the governments ambitious
national broadband strategy, Post unveiled its first 1 Gbps broadband package, LuxFibre XL.438
With just over 50 percent of wireless subscribers, Post also leads the mobile market.439
Luxembourg also has two other mobile network operators, Tango (with a 33.3 percent market
share) and Orange (15.1 percent).440 In recent years, the three companies have launched 4G LTE
services. Tango began offering commercial LTE services in October 1, 2012, extending coverage
to 90 percent of the population by the end of that year.441 Just weeks later, on October 29, 2012,
Orange launched its 4G LTE services.442 In June 2014, Orange announced that its network served
74 percent of Luxembourg, with plans for 90 percent LTE coverage by the end of 2015.443
Finally, Post introduced 4G LTE in September 2013, in conjunction with its rebranding.444
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
32.5
2.2
3.4
26.8
0.1

(2013)447
Wireless
inhabitants448
177,300
Wired
445
70.0
86.1
437
European Commission: Digital Agenda for Europe, Country Information Luxembourg,

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/country-information-luxembourg (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
438
439
Id.
440
Id.
441
Id.
442
Id.
443
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Orange Achieves 74% LTE Coverage (June 20, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/20/orange-achieves-74-ltecoverage/ (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
444
445
446
Id.
447
448
49

DA 15-132
469,300
26. Mexico
Regulation: In March 2013, President Pea Nieto submitted a bill to amend the Mexican
Constitution that contained significant reforms to Mexicos telecommunications and broadcasting
sectors. Approved by Congress in April, the law was ratified by the Mexican states and was
signed into law in June 2013. The Constitutional amendment establishes that the state will
guarantee the right of access to information and communications technologies, including
broadband and the Internet. The law also created a new entity, the Federal Institute of
Telecommunications (IFT) the independent regulator as well as the sole antitrust authority for the
telecommunications and broadcasting sectors. IFT has the power to grant and revoke licenses
and promote competition by enforcing asymmetric measures against dominant carriers. The new
law also opens up direct foreign investment in Mexicos telecommunications and satellite sectors
to 100 percent. Direct foreign investment in broadcasting will be limited up to 49 percent, subject
to reciprocity.
In January 2012, the government announced that it was aiming to promote adoption of high-speed
Internet through the sale of concessions that would allow winning bidders to utilize state-owned
fiber optic lines held by utility Comisin Federal de Electricidad (CFE), as well as fiber links
running along the federal highway network, to build networks in areas of the country currently
without access to broadband services. The government planned to launch 1,000 new access
points on CFEs fiber optic network and to increase the current 20,000 kilometers of fiber to
30,000 kilometers. However, pursuant to the new law, the CFE will now transfer its license to
install and operate the public telecommunications network to another state-owned entity,
Telecomunicaciones de Mxico (Telecomm), which will use CFEs fiber optic network to
develop the envisioned nationwide backhaul network and provide services directly to underserved
communities.
Mexicos constitutional reforms mandate that 90 megahertz of the 700 MHz band, which will be
freed as a result of the DTV transition in 2015, is to be utilized for the installation and operation
of a shared public wireless broadband network to be operated by an independent wholesaler. The
government will consider public and private investments to fund construction of this carrier of
carriers network, but has not yet articulated the details on how the network will be licensed and
operated.450 In October 2013, the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (SCT)
announced that the government had reached a deal with the concessionaries to recover 130
megahertz in the 2.5 GHz band, which the government can auction for 4G services.451
To complement the constitutional reform of the telecommunications sector, and to implement the
public policies and actions related to the constitutional right of access to ICT, President Enrique
Pea Nieto announced the launch of a new National Digital Strategy in November 2013, with the
goal of making the best use of technology for Mexicos development. The National Digital
Strategy focuses on five pillars of digital development; e-government, e-commerce, education,
449
Id.
450
Pacto por Mexico, Reforma en material de telecomunicaciones (Mar. 11, 2013),

http://pactopormexico.org/reforma-telecomunicaciones/.
451
BNAmericas, MVS, 10 Other Concessionaries Return 130 MHz of the 2.5 GHz band (Oct. 15, 2013),
&idContenido=629369&tipoDocumento=1 (accessed Dec. 12, 2013).
50
DA 15-132
healthcare, and public safety.452

Market and Competition: In terms of fixed broadband, Telmex, Mexicos incumbent PSTN
operator and owner of the countrys largest fiber optic network, connects over 90 percent of the
population and holds a 63.3 percent subscriber market share as of June 2014. Megacable, the
countrys largest cable broadband provider and second largest broadband ISP has a 7.7 percent
market share, followed by Cablemas (5.4 percent), Cablevision (5 percent), and Axtel (3.6
percent).453
As of June 2014, Telcel led the mobile market with a 69.3 percent market share, followed by
Telefnica Mexico (Movistar) (19.7 percent), Iusacell (8.2 percent), and Nextel de Mexico (2.8
percent).454
Nextel de Mexico officially launched its nationwide 3G network in September 2012, and in
October 2012, Movistar rolled out the first stage of its LTE network in Mexico City, Jalisco and
Nuevo Len.455 Telcel was the second to launch LTE services in November 2012, and as of
August 2014, it has the most extensive 4G network covering 39 cities. In November 2013,
Nextel Mexico announced that it plans to launch 4G LTE services in mid-2014,456 which had not
yet happened as of September 2014.
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
11.4
0.7
2.4
8.2
0.1

(2013)459
Wireless
inhabitants460
13,533,448
Wired
457
28.0
14.0
16,558,806
452
Mexico Office of the President, Enrique Pea Nieto: We are Determined to Transform Mexico and
Place It at the Cutting-Edge of Technology and Knowledge (Nov. 25, 2013),
http://en.presidencia.gob.mx/articles-press/estamos-decididos-a-transformar-a-mexico-y-colocarlo-en-lafrontera-de-la-tecnologia-y-el-conocimiento-enrique-pena-nieto/ (accessed Dec. 12, 2013).
453
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Mexico (2014) (accessed Sept. 22, 2014).
454
Id.
455
Id.
456
BNAmericas, Nextel Mexico Upgrades 4G Network, Plans to Launch LTE in 2014 (Nov. 29, 2013),
&idContenido=633107&tipoDocumento=1 (accessed Dec. 12, 2013).
457
458
Id.
459
460
461
Id.
51
DA 15-132
27. Netherlands
Regulation: In May 2012, the Netherlands became the first European country to adopt a
Telecommunications Act codifying net neutrality into law. The law specifies that no service
provider can impose fees or special terms and conditions for any Internet service, nor can they
determine what sites end users can visit.462
In February 2013, the Dutch parliament approved the merger of three separate agencies the
Netherlands Consumer Authority, the Independent Post and Telecommunications Authority of the
Netherlands, and the Netherlands Competition Authority into one new independent regulatory
body, the Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM).463 The ACM, which
officially launched operations on April 1, 2013, regulates most aspects of the telecommunications
sector in the Netherlands, including competition and consumer protection. The Agentschap
Telecom (AT), part of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, retains responsibility for spectrum
policy and management.464
Previously, in October 2012, AT launched an auction for advanced wireless services in the 800
MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 1900 MHz, 2.1 GHz, and 2.6 GHz bands. Four operators won
spectrum in the auction, including current mobile operators KPN Mobile, T-Mobile, and
Vodafone, as well as new entrant Tele2 Netherlands. The auction generated EUR3.8 billion
(US$4.75 billion) in government revenue.465
In June 2014, the government of the Netherlands introduced a new draft bill designed to protect
the countrys telecommunications infrastructure. The bill requires any company or group
interested in taking over the incumbent KPN Telecom (Royal KPN) to first secure a certificate
of no objection from the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The bill comes in the wake of America
Movils failed attempt to take over Royal KPN in late 2013. The government plans to introduce
the final bill to Parliament in the spring of 2015, following consultation with the EC.466
Market and Competition: The Dutch broadband and mobile markets are reaching saturation
because of high penetration and subscription rates.467 Meanwhile, Dutch consumers are
demanding faster broadband Internet connections. An increase in fiber connectivity has
positively affected Internet access speeds; according to the ACM, around 12 percent of total
broadband subscribers had a connection of at least 100 Mbps.468 Forecasts predict that there will
462
Authority for Consumers & Markets (ACM), Press Release: Green Light for the Netherlands Authority
for Consumers and Markets (Feb. 26, 2013), https://www.acm.nl/en/publications/publication/11216/Greenlight-for-the-Netherlands-Authority-for-Consumers-en-Markets/ (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
463
Id.
464
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Netherlands (2014) (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
465
Id.
466
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Dutch Govt Issues Bill to Protect National Telecoms Infrastructure;
Seeks Assurances on Any KPN Sale (June 11, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/ articles/2014/06/11/dutch-govt-issues-bill-toprotect-national-telecoms-infrastructure-seeks-assurances-on-any-kpn-sale/ (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
467
Business Monitor International, Netherlands Telecommunications Report (January 2014).
468
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Netherlands (2014) (accessed Oct. 6, 2014).
52
DA 15-132
be more than 3 million fiber lines in service by 2017.469 Incumbent KPN Telecom is working
with joint venture partner Reggefiber to facilitate a phased nationwide rollout of FTTH services,
at a total cost of EUR6 billion to EUR7 billion (US$8.2 billion to US$9.6 billion) over the next
several years. Other key players in the broadband market include Zesko Holding (28.8 percent
market share as of June 2014) and UPC Netherlands (16.0 percent).470
Within the mobile market, three main network operators and over 65 MVNOs provide service.
As of June 2014, KPN Mobile had 50.8 percent of mobile subscribers, followed by Vodafone
(27.1 percent) and T-Mobile (22.1 percent). By the end of 2013, each launched 4G services, and
the companies have since focused on the introduction of LTE-A technology.471 In June 2014,
Vodafone announced its plans to deploy LTE-A by the end of the year.472
Wired
474

(2013)475
Wireless
inhabitants476
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
40.4
3.2
18.7
18.6
0.0
6,794,000
83.0
64.2
10,787,000
28. New Zealand

Regulation: Since 2008, the government of New Zealand has pursued two parallel plans to
improve broadband services in the country. Through the Ultra-Fast Broadband (UFB) Initiative,
the government will partner with private industry to construct a national fiber optic network
designed to offer download speeds of at least 100 Mbps to 75 percent of the country by 2020.478
469
Id.
470
Id.
471
Id.
472
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Vodafone NL Sets out Stall to Deploy LTE-A By Year-End (June 12,
2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/12/vodafone-nl-sets-outstall-to-deploy-lte-a-by-year-end/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
473
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(1) (Dec. 2013) (accessed Oct.28, 2014).
474
Id.
475
476
477
Id.
478
Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment, Ultra-Fast Broadband Initiative,

http://www.med.govt.nz/sectors-industries/technology-communication/fast-broadband/ultra-fastbroadband-initiative (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
53
DA 15-132
The Rural Broadband Initiative (RBI) will deliver broadband access at speeds of at least 5 Mbps
to 86 percent of rural homes and businesses.479 To help fund the RBI, the government established
a new annual Telecommunications Development Levy (TDL), a tax on public network
operators.480 Beyond the UFB and the RBI, New Zealand has also issued a Five Point Broadband
Action Plan that provides an overview of the governments efforts to support faster broadband in
five key sectors (health, business, education, community, and e-government).481
In October 2013, the New Zealand Communications and Information Technology Ministry
auctioned nine 25 megahertz blocks of 700 MHz spectrum acquired by the government during
New Zealands digital switchover. Mobile providers Spark (formerly Telecom Mobile),
Vodafone New Zealand, and Two Degrees Mobile (2degrees) each won blocks of the 700 MHz
band. 482 The government did not set aside any spectrum for either emergency services or Maori
groups, despite the latters expectations. In February 2013, however, the government outlined
plans to establish a US$25 million ICT development fund intended in part to help the Maori
benefit from new ICT technologies. 483 This fund is distinct from New Zealands TDL, which is
intended to pay for the supply of rural services generally.
Market and Competition: In February 2014, incumbent Telecom New Zealand dealt with a
steady decline in traditional fixed line earnings by rebranding as Spark and emphasizing its
operations in other sectors, including mobile and Internet.484 Spark led the fixed broadband
market with 49.2 percent market share as of June 2014, followed by Vodafone New Zealand
(31.0 percent), CallPlus (8.0 percent), and Orcon (5.1 percent).485
Three carriers comprise the mobile market: Vodafone New Zealand (with 37.9 percent market
share), followed by Spark (32.7 percent), and budget-priced newcomer 2degrees (29.4 percent).
In February 2013, Vodafone launched New Zealands first commercial 4G LTE services, which
had an estimated 350,000 subscribers by the end of March 2014.486 Spark rolled out its LTE
479
Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment, Rural Broadband Initiative,

http://www.med.govt.nz/sectors-industries/technology-communication/fast-broadband/rural-broadbandinitiative (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
480
Commerce Commission, Telecommunications Development Levy (TDL),

http://www.comcom.govt.nz/regulated-industries/telecommunications/industry-levy-and-serviceobligations/telecommunications-development-levy-tdl/ (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
481
Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment, Government Action Plan for Broadband,
http://www.med.govt.nz/sectors-industries/technology-communication/fast-broadband/government-actionplan-for-broadband (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
482
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Telecom, Vodafone, 2degrees Scoop 700 MHz Spectrum (Oct. 30, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/10/30/telecom-vodafone-2degreesscoop-700mhz-spectrum/ (accessed Jan. 13, 2014).
483
Telegeography CommsUpdate, New Zealand Outlines Plans to Offer 700 MHz Spectrum (Feb. 21,
2013), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/02/21/new-zealand-outlinesplans-to-offer-700mhz-spectrum/ (accessed Jan. 13, 2014).
484
IT News, Telecom NZ Exits Australia, Rebrands as Spark (Feb. 21, 2014), http://www.itnews.com.au/
News/372972,telecom-nz-exits-australia-rebrands-as-spark.aspx (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
485
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: New Zealand (2014) (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
486
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Vodafone Launches LTE in Auckland (Feb. 28, 2013),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/02/28/vodafone-launches-lte-inauckland/ (accessed Jan. 13, 2014).
54
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network in November 2013,487 and 2degrees introduced 4G LTE in June 2014.488
Wired
489

490

(2012)491
Wireless
inhabitants492
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
30.2
0.5
1.5
28.3
0.0
1,341,846
75.0
85.9
3,816,733
29. Norway
Regulation: Norway developed a national digital agenda in line with the European Digital
Agenda published in 2012.494 Entitled ICT Policy for Economic Growth and Value Creation,
the document was published and presented to parliament in March 2013 and approved by the
Council of State on the same day. The goal of Norways national digital agenda is for 100
percent of households to have access to good basic quality broadband, with at least 2 Mbps
download speeds.
In November 2012, the Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority (NPT) completed its
spectrum auction in the 1920-1980 and 2110-2170 MHz bands.495 New entrants were encouraged
to participate; however, the three existing mobile operators Telenor, TeliaSoneras NetCom,
and Tele2 Norge were the only winning bidders in the auction. Each operator won 220
megahertz of spectrum.496 NPT auctioned additional spectrum in the 800 MHz, 900 MHz, and
487
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Telecom Mobile Clarifies LTE Launch Date; Confirms Participation in
700 MHz Auction (Oct. 7, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/10/07/telecom-mobile-clarifies-ltelaunch-date-confirms-participation-in-700mhz-auction/ (accessed Jan. 14, 2013).
488
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Two Degrees Mobile Ltd (2degrees) (2014) (accessed Sept. 18,
2014).
489
490
Id.
491
492
493
Id.
494
European Commission, Implementation of the Digital Agenda for Europe,

http://www.daeimplementation.eu/indicator.php?id_country=28&action_n=46 (accessed Aug. 2, 2013).
495
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Norway (2014) (accessed Sept. 18, 2014).
496
Cellular-News, Norwegian Radio Spectrum Auction Ends after Just One Round (Nov. 19, 2012),
http://www.cellular-news.com/story/57412.php (accessed Aug. 2, 2013).
55
DA 15-132
1800 MHz bands in December 2013, with a cap for those operators that already have significant
spectrum holdings. The three winners of the auction were Telenor, TeliaSoneras NetCom, and
Telco Data. Both Telenor and NetCom won 210 megahertz in the 800 MHz band, 25
megahertz in the 900 MHz band and 210 megahertz in the 1800 MHz band. Telco won 210
megahertz in the 800 MHz band, 25 megahertz in the 900 MHz band and 220 megahertz in the
1800 MHz band.
The 800 MHz band licenses include a coverage obligation; all three winners are required to
provide mobile broadband services offering average access speeds of at least 2 Mbps to 40
percent of the population within four years of receiving the licenses. In addition, NetComs
license requires it to provide 98 percent of the population with access to mobile broadband
services with average speeds of at least 2 Mbps within five years of receiving its license,
primarily through the use of the 800 MHz band.497
In July 2014, the NPT announced that it will hold an auction in January 2015 for the three vacant
blocks of spectrum in the 1800 MHz band that were not sold in the December 2013 auction.498
Market and Competition: Norway currently has close to 100 percent basic broadband
coverage.499 At the end of 2013, fixed broadband covered 98 percent of the population in major
cities, and 89 percent of the population in rural areas.500 Fixed line incumbent Telenor remained
the leading broadband provider with 43.8 percent of the market as of June 2014, followed by
Altibox (17.4 percent), Get (12.8 percent), NextGenTel (7.1 percent), and Broadnet (3.6
percent).501
As of June 2014, the principal mobile operators were Telenor Norge (54.6 percent), Netcom (25.6
percent), Tele2 Norge (17.9 percent) and ice.net (formerly Nordisk Mobiltelefon) (1.9 percent).
Multiple MVNOs and service resellers are their competitors. Netcom was the first wireless
carrier to launch LTE service in 2009 in the major Nordic cities of Bergen, Oslo, Trondheim, and
Stavanger. Telenor Norge, the largest mobile operator in terms of subscribers, inaugurated its
LTE network in October 2012, rolling out services in 11 cities.502 Its LTE network covered over
52 percent of the population as of March 2014.503 Overall, at the end of 2013, LTE was available
497
Telegeography CommsUpdate, NPT Announces Winners of 800 MHz, 900 MHz, and 1800 MHz
Frequency Auction (Dec. 6, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/12/06/npt-announces-winners-of800mhz-900mhz-and-1800mhz-frequency-auction/ (accessed Dec. 12, 2013).
498
Telegeography CommsUpdate, NPT to Re-Auction 1800 MHz Spectrum in January 2015 (Jul. 3, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/07/03/npt-to-re-auction-1800mhzspectrum-in-january-2015/ (accessed Sept. 23, 2014).
499
Ministry of Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs, Digital Agenda for Norway, Sec.
3, http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/fad/documents/government-propositions-and-reports-/reports-to-thestorting-white-papers/2012-2013/meld-st-23-20122013-2/3.html?id=729012 (accessed Dec. 12, 2013).
500
European Commission: Digital Agenda for Europe, Country Information Norway,

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/scoreboard/norway (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
501
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Norway (accessed Sept. 23, 2014).
502
Id.
503
Telenor Group, Telenor Opens 1000 New 4G Base Stations (Mar. 12, 2014),
http://www.telenor.com/media/articles/2014/telenor-opens-1000-new-4g-base-stations/ (accessed Sept. 23,
2014).
56
DA 15-132
to 68 percent of the population.504
Wired
505

506

(2013)507
Wireless
inhabitants508
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
37.0
9.7
11.6
15.7
0.0
1,881,610
88.0
90.4
4,590,444
30. Poland
Regulation: Polands broadband plan, which was released on January 8, 2014, is fully aligned
with the Digital Agenda for Europe, and requires 100 percent coverage at speeds greater than 30
Mbps downlink by 2020 and 50 percent coverage at speeds greater than 100 Mbps by 2020 for all
households and businesses.510
In February 2013, the Polish regulator, the Office of Electronic Communications (UKE),
announced the results of its 1800 MHz spectrum auction: mobile operator P4 won three of the
five blocks that were auctioned, and Polska Telefonia Cyfrowa (PTC) won the other two blocks.
The winners committed to rolling out 3,200 base stations within 24 months. UKE had planned to
auction LTE-suitable frequencies in the 800 MHz and 2.6 GHz band in 2014,511 but the auction
was cancelled in February 2014 after UKE decided that it needed to renew the auction process to
ensure more transparency and legal certainty.512
As part of the Polish Eastern Broadband Network program, in May 2014, the government
announced construction of 1,400 kilometers of fiber optic cable in the eastern province of
504
European Commission: Digital Agenda for Europe, Country Information Norway,

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/scoreboard/norway (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
505
506
Id.
507
508
509
Id.
510
European Commission: Digital Agenda for Europe, Country Information Poland,

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/country-information-poland (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
511
Office of Electronic Communications, Public Consultation on Auction in the 800 MHz and 2.6 GHz
Bands (Aug. 21, 2013), http://en.uke.gov.pl/public-consultation-on-auction-in-the-800-mhz-and-26-ghzbands-12833 (accessed Dec. 17, 2013).
512
Telegeography CommsUpdate, UKE Cancels 4G Frequency Sale (Feb. 13, 2014),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/02/13/uke-cancels-4g-frequency-sale/
57
DA 15-132
Swietokrzyskie, the least connected province of the country. Currently, approximately 60 percent
of the 1.3 million inhabitants of Swietokrzyskie are connected to the Internet, and the fiber optic
cable is expected to make Internet services available to 90 percent of the Swietokrzyskie
population when it is deployed by 2015. The government also announced that a similar project
will soon be launched in the Podkarpackie (Subcarpathian) province to lay a total of 10,000
kilometers of fiber across eastern Poland over the next 20 months.513
Market and Competition: Polands fixed broadband market is quite competitive, with several
operators providing broadband Internet access via multiple technologies. DSL is still the
predominant access technology; however, cable and fiber based technologies are competitive
alternatives. At the end of 2013, fixed broadband covered about 88 percent of the population in
major cities and 75 percent of the population in rural areas, and fixed broadband household
penetration reached 69 percent.514 As of June 2014, incumbent Orange Poland (formerly
Telekomunikacja Polska) had 40.3 percent of the countrys broadband subscribers, followed by
cable operator UPC Poland (16.9 percent), Netia (14.6 percent), Multimedia Polska (9.1 percent),
and Vectra (8.5 percent). Other small operators held the remaining 11.6 percent.515
There are four major mobile operators, a few smaller network operators, and approximately 300
MVNOs in Poland. The major wireless providers are PTC, which operates as T-Mobile Poland,
France Telecoms Orange Poland, Polkomtel and P4 (formerly Netia Mobile). As of June 2014,
T-Mobile Poland was the leading mobile operator (27.5 percent of subscribers), followed by
Orange (27.2 percent), Polkomtel (24.1 percent), and P4 (19.8 percent).516 The remaining 1.5
percent was split among other providers.
Privately owned operator Aero2, which primarily provides infrastructure services to other
carriers, was the first operator to launch 4G LTE services.517 As of May 2013, Aero2s LTE
services covered about 48 percent of the population.518 Polkomtel launched LTE services in
October 2012, and covered 50 percent of the population by February 2013 and 62 percent by
November 2013.519 T-Mobile Poland launched LTE services in June 2014, and its 4G network
covers approximately 50 percent of the population.520
Wired
521
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
15.6
0.6
5.7
7.7
1.7
513
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Eastern Poland to Benefit from Fibre Broadband Project (May 14,
2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/14/eastern-poland-tobenefit-from-fibre-broadband-project/ (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
514
European Commission: Digital Agenda for Europe, Country Information - Poland,

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/scoreboard/poland (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
515
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Poland (2014) (accessed Oct. 23, 2014).
516
Id.
517
Id.
518
Id.
519
Id.
520
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Go Ahead and Jump: T-Mobile Poland Prepares LTE Launch (Jun. 4,
2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/06/04/go-ahead-and-jump-tmobile-poland-prepares-lte-launch/ (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
521
58

(2013)523
Wireless
inhabitants524
DA 15-132
6,022,651
69.0
61.3
23,594,131
31. Portugal
Regulation: On December 31, 2012, the Portuguese government published its new national
Digital Agenda, designed to align its national priorities with the ECs Digital Agenda for Europe.
The new plan is also in line with two of Portugals national plans the National Strategic
Program for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, which was launched in December 2011, and the
2011 Overall Strategic Plan to Rationalize and Reduce ICT Costs in Public Administration. The
key objectives of the Digital Agenda include: (1) promoting broadband development so that
citizens have access to broadband speeds of 30 Mbps or more by 2020; (2) ensuring that 50
percent of households have access to broadband speeds of 100 Mbps or more by 2020; (3)
increasing the use of ecommerce by 50 percent by 2016; (4) having 50 percent of the population
use online public services by 2016; and (5) promoting the use of new technologies and reducing
the number of people who have never used the Internet by 30 percent by 2016.526
Market and Competition: As of June 2014, the main fixed broadband providers were MEO
(Portugal Telecom) (49.7 percent market share), Nos (merger of Zon and Optimus) (34.8
percent), Vodafone Portugal (9.1 percent), and Caboviso (5.7 percent).527
As of June 2014, Portugal Telecoms wireless subsidiary, MEO (formerly Telecomunicaes
Mveis Nacionais (TMN)), was the wireless market leader with 47.1 percent of subscribers,
followed by Vodafone Portugal (32.5 percent) and Nos (20.4 percent). By year end 2013, LTE
was available to 91 percent of the population.528 As of June 2014, MEO had the most extensive
4G network coverage reaching 93 percent of the population, while Nos and Vodafone both
covered about 90 percent of the population.529
522
Id.
523

Oct. 15, 2014).
524
525
Id.
526
Agenda Portugal Digital, http://www.portugaldigital.pt/objetivos/ (accessed Dec. 19, 2013). See also
Anacom, Digital Agenda for Portugal (Jan. 18, 2013),
http://www.anacom.pt/render.jsp?contentId=1150167 (accessed Dec. 19, 2013).
527
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Portugal (2014) (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
528
European Commission: Digital Agenda for Europe, Country Information - Portugal,

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/scoreboard/portugal (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
529
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Portugal (2014) (accessed Sept. 25, 2014).
59

Wired
530

531

(2013)532
Wireless
inhabitants533
DA 15-132
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
24.1
4.4
9.3
10.5
0.0
2,528,604
58.0
37.5
3.932,347
32. Singapore
Regulation: In order to promote efficiency and competitiveness, Singapores Infocommunications Development Authority (IDA) issued new regulations in 2012 and established a
dominant and non-dominant licensing scheme. As of March 2014, the dominant licensees
were Singapore Telecommunications (SingTel), CityNet Infrastructure Management, OpenNet,
and StarHub Cable vision.535
In June 2013, IDA allocated additional 4G radio frequencies in the 1800 MHz and 2500 MHz
bands to Singapores Big Three mobile operators: SingTel Mobile, StarHub, and M1
Limited.536 The 4G licenses are valid from 2015 to 2030 and require the operators to provide
nationwide street-level coverage for LTE by June 2016.
Market and Competition: Three operators dominate the broadband market: as of June 2014,
SingTel led the market with 40.9 percent market share, followed by StarHub (32.2 percent), and
M1 Limited (6.6 percent). Start-up operator MyRepublic, founded in February 2012, has
challenged the Big Three in recent years and currently holds about 5 percent of the market.537
Due to the governments Next Generation Nationwide Broadband Network (NGNBN) project
initiated in 2009, fixed broadband infrastructure is near ubiquitous in Singapore.538 Technology
preferences are shifting as ultra-high speed Fiber/LAN options replace cable and ADSL.539
Additionally, between one and two million people regularly access the web through WiFi
530
531
Id.
532
533
534
Id.
535
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Singapore (2014) (accessed Sept. 19, 2014).
536
Telegeography CommsUpdate, IDA Allocates Additional 4G to Singapores Big Three (July 1, 2013),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/08/23/citynet-to-buy-opennet-subjectto-approval/ (accessed Jan. 14, 2014).
537
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Singapore (2014) (accessed Sept.19, 2014).
538
Id.
539
Id.
60
DA 15-132
hotspots or Wireless@SG zones. Initiated in February 2005, the Wireless@SG initiative

emerged from the governments 10-year ICT agenda, Intelligent Nation 2015 (iN2015). By the
end of 2013, there were at least 7,500 public hotspots in Singapore.540
Wired
542

(2013)543
Wireless
inhabitants544
Mobile wireless broadband subs (Q1 2013)545
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
25.70
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
1,390,800
87
136.64
7,394,000
33. Slovak Republic

Regulation: The Slovak Republic adopted its National Strategy for Broadband Access
(Broadband Strategy) in March 2011, setting as a primary objective the release of digital dividend
spectrum in the 800 MHz band for the development of mobile broadband services by 2013 and
access to high-speed Internet connection of at least 30 Mbps for all households by the end of
2020.546 In March 2012, the Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of the Slovak Republic
(TUSR) completed its consultation on its proposed auction of the 800 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2600
MHz bands. The tender process began in August 2013.547 Four operators won licenses: SWAN
acquired 215 megahertz in the 1800 MHz band; Orange Slovensko acquired 210 megahertz in
the 800 MHz, 24.8 megahertz in the 1800 MHz and 230 megahertz in the 2600 MHz bands;
Slovak Telekom acquired 210 megahertz in the 800 MHz, 240 megahertz in the 2600 MHz
FDD and 50 megahertz in the 2600 MHz TDD bands; and Telefnica O2 Slovakia won 210
megahertz in the 800 MHz and 20.6 MHz in the 1800 MHz bands. Licenses were issued in
December 2013, and most operators launched 4G services in the first half of 2014, with Orange
planning a full scale launch by the end of the year. The 800 MHz band licenses required
licensees to cover 25 percent of the Slovak population by December 2015, 50 percent by
540
Id.
541
542
Id.
543
See http://www.ida.gov.sg/Infocomm-Landscape/Facts-and-Figures/Infocomm-Usage-Households-andIndividuals#2b.
544
545
Id.
546
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Slovakia (accessed Nov. 2, 2012).
547
Telecommunications Regulatory Authority, An Invitation to Submit Bids for a Tender to Issue

Individual Permits to Use Frequencies From the 800 MHz, 1800 MHz and 2600 MHz Frequency Bands in
the Form of an Electronic Auction (Aug. 27, 2013), http://www.teleoff.gov.sk/data/files/35571.pdf
(accessed Dec. 19, 2013).
61
DA 15-132
December 2017, and 70 percent by the end of 2018.548 The 1800 and 2600 MHz licensees, in
turn, are required to cover 25 percent of the population by December 2015 and 50 percent by
December 2018.
In December 2013, the Slovak Republics Parliament passed a law merging the
Telecommunications Regulatory Authority with the Postal Regulatory Authority, creating a new
Regulatory Office for Electronic Communications and Postal Service which began operations in
January 2014.549
Market and Competition: As of June 2014, Slovak Telecom, the countrys sole provider of
ADSL infrastructure-based services, remained the dominant fixed broadband provider, with a
market share of 38.6 percent. Orange Slovensko, the leading mobile operator, was the second
largest broadband provider with a 10.4 percent market share, and, UPC Slovakia, the largest cable
company, was the third largest broadband provider with a 9.8 percent market share.550
The Slovak Republics mobile market is divided among three major mobile operators. As of June
2014, Orange Slovensko had a 42 percent market share by subscribers, followed by Slovak
Telecoms mobile arm (33.7 percent), and Spanish-owned O2 Slovakia (24.2 percent).551 Slovak
Telecom was the first operator to launch a nationwide 4G LTE network in the Slovak Republic in
November 2013.552 Orange Slovensko launched its LTE network in July 2014.553 O2 Slovakia
plans to launch its LTE network in December 2014.554 At the end of 2013, 4G LTE was available
to 24 percent of the population.
Wired
556
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
15.6
4.9
2.6
8.1
0.0
845,997
557
% of households with fixed broadband access (2013)
55.0
Wireless
55.3
548
Id.
549
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Slovakia (2014) (accessed Oct. 3, 2014).
550
Id.
551
Id.
552
Id.
553
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Orange Slovakia Launches 4G in Three Cities (Jul. 8, 2014),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/07/08/orange-slovakia-launches-4gin-three-cities/ (accessed Oct. 3, 2014).
554
Telegeography CommsUpdate, O2 Schedules Full-Blown LTE Launch for December; Expands 3G

Coverage (Sept. 29, 2014), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/09/29/o2schedules-full-blown-lte-launch-for-december-expands-3g-coverage/ (accessed Oct. 3, 2014).
555
556
Id.
557
558
OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (December 2012) (accessed Oct. 28, 2014).
62

DA 15-132
2,992,742
34. Slovenia
Regulation: In December 2012, Slovenia became the second country in Europe (after the
Netherlands) to adopt net neutrality legislation. Article 203(1) of the Electronic Communications
Act directs the Slovenian government to promote an open and neutral Internet and affirms that
consumers should have the opportunity to make their own choices about their Internet access and
use. Article 203(3) prohibits ISPs from throttling Internet traffic. Finally, Article 203(5)
prevents the anticompetitive use of data caps.560
In March 2013, during the license renewal process, Slovenias regulator, the Post and Electronic
Communications Agency (APEK), reassessed the value of the 900 MHz concessions of Telekom
Slovenije and Si.Mobil (a subsidiary of Telekom Austria) (each issued 15-year licenses (2x12.5
megahertz of spectrum) in 1998). APEK determined that the current value of the 900 MHz
spectrum was an estimated 10 percent higher than it was in 1998; the new license terms would be
technology neutral and allow for the provision of 3G UMTS and 4G LTE technologies, compared
to the original licensing terms, which only allowed 2G GSM-based services. APEK calculated a
final cost value of EUR 5,256 (approx. US$6,650) per 1 megahertz per month, and proposed that
operators pay the total fees for their renewed license in a single installment.561
Additional 1800 MHz and 2100 MHz band frequencies, suitable for LTE or other mobile
broadband, were auctioned in Q2 2013. Spectrum that was auctioned included eight 25
megahertz sub-bands in the 1800 MHz range (1710-1720 and 1755-1785 MHz paired with 1805 1815 MHz and 1850 -1880 MHz) valid until January 3, 2016; plus two 25 megahertz sub-bands
in the 2100 MHz band (1955-1965 MHz paired with 2145-2155 MHz) valid until September 21,
2021. Telekom Slovenije, Si.Mobil and Tusmobil each had their bids approved.562
In July 2013, the EC did not approve Slovenias request to delay issuing the 800 MHz digital
dividend wireless broadband spectrum to the first half of 2014. The EU-wide deadline for issuing
the 800 MHz spectrum was January 1, 2013. The EC noted in its refusal of the request that
Slovenias delay was due to the organization of the authorization process and not to exceptional
circumstances preventing the availability of the band. The EC did not mention potential
penalties for the delay in its announcement.563
In September 2013, the APEK announced that a 4G auction of multi-band (800 MHz, 900 MHz,
1800 MHz, 2100 MHz, and 2600 MHz) frequency licenses would commence on March 25, 2014.
APEK proposed to offer the entirety of the available frequencies in these bands, as well as all
remaining unlicensed spectrum in the 2100 MHz range, all under technology-neutral licenses.
On December 30, 2013, APEK announced that it was accepting bids and that 500 megahertz
would be available for auction. APEK also announced various coverage obligations associated
559
Id.
560
For an English translation of the relevant provisions of the law, see Slovenia Net Neutrality Law 2012,
http://www.scribd.com/doc/144614369/Slovenia-Net-Neutrality-law-2012. See also Slovenia Reinforces
Net Neutrality Principles (Jan. 3, 2013), http://radiobruxelleslibera.wordpress.com/2013/01/03/sloveniareinforces-net-neutrality-principles/ (accessed Nov. 3, 2014).
561
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Slovenia (2014) accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
562
Id. As of June 2014, APEK has not announced the winners of each particular packet of spectrum.
563
Id.
63
DA 15-132
with particular licenses. Existing Slovenian mobile network operators acquiring 800 MHz and/or
900 MHz licenses must cover 25 percent of the population in one year, 50 percent in two years
and 75 percent in three years. New entrants that win 800 MHz and/or 900 MHz licenses must
cover 25 percent of the population in two years, 50 percent in three years and 75 percent in five
years. In addition, APEK specified that the winner of a particular block of 800 MHz frequencies
must provide mobile and/or fixed wireless broadband services capable of 10 Mbps (outdoor
coverage) data speeds to 95 percent of the population in three years, although it may use any
combination of its spectrum bands to achieve this target. Additionally, the operator assigned the
specified 800 MHz block must also provide coverage to approximately 300 rural
settlements/areas (with coverage of 75 percent of these listed areas within three years). For 1800
MHz and 2600 MHz licensees, APEK required the winner to cover 25 percent of the population
in three years and 40 percent within five years. The auction was estimated to yield up to EUR200
million.564
In January 2014, APEK was renamed the Agency for Communications Networks and Services
(AKOS). On April 28, 2014 AKOS announced the results of the multi-band spectrum auction.
AKOS raised a total of EUR148.741 million (US$206 million). The only three bidders were
existing operators Telekom Slovenije, Si.Mobil, and Tusmobil. All available spectrum was
allocated except 20 megahertz in the 1800 MHz band and 10 megahertz in the 2100 MHz FDD
band. Frequencies issued in the 800 MHz, 2100 MHz and 2600 MHz bands will be available
immediately after the official decision on issuance of licenses. New 900 MHz and 1800 MHz
concessions are valid beginning January 2016. All licenses last for 15 years except for those in
the 2100 MHz band, which are valid until September 2021.565
Market and Competition: Slovenias former monopoly, Telekom Slovenije, is the countrys
dominant provider of broadband services via its Si.OL Internet service provider division, but its
competitors are steadily increasing their market share. In March 2014, Telekom Slovenije held
37.0 percent of the broadband market, followed by Telemach (17.8 percent), T-2 (17.2 percent),
Amis (12.1 percent), and Tus Telekom (1.7 percent). According to APEK, there were 74
broadband access providers in Slovenia as of October 2013.566
Fiber-based alternatives including FTTH and fiber-to-the-building (FTTB) have emerged as
viable competitive broadband access technologies, accounting for 97,000 high-speed connections,
or 18.6 percent of the country total, by mid-2013, up from 16.9 percent the previous year. The
largest proponent of FTTx is domestically-owned quad-play operator T-2 which, according to
APEK, represented 50.6 percent of the fiber access market by mid-2013, followed by Telekom
Slovenije (37.0 percent). With these two operators leading the rollout, FTTH/FTTB coverage has
reached approximately 50 out of 210 municipalities, mostly concentrated in cities and larger
settlements.567
In the mobile sector, Telekom Slovenijes mobile division, Mobitel, was the dominant wireless
carrier with a market share of 54.5 percent, followed by Si.Mobil (30.0 percent), Tusmobile (12.7
percent) and T-2 (2.7 percent), as of June 2014. Prior to APEKs decision to allocate limited
frequencies for LTE testing in October 2012, Si.Mobil began testing LTE on its existing 1800
megahertz spectrum in 2011. In July 2012, Si.Mobil launched Slovenias first commercial 4G
564
Id.
565
Id.
566
Id.
567
Id.
64
DA 15-132
LTE mobile broadband services covering parts of Ljubljana, Brnik and Bled. LTE users are
promised data rates of 30-80 Mbps, with a theoretical peak of 100 Mbps.568 Mobitel launched
LTE-1800 services in March 2013.569
Wired
571

(2013)572
Wireless
inhabitants573
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
25.1
5.2
7.5
12.3
0.1
502,157
74.0
42.4
873,168
35. Spain
Regulation: In 2013, Spain overhauled and merged several of its federal agencies, including its
independent regulator, Comisin del Mercado de las Telecomunicaciones (CMT). As of October
7, 2013, all activities and functions of the CMT were integrated into the new Comisin Nacional
de los Mercados y la Competencia (CNMC). As a result, CNMC is now responsible for the
telecommunications, emergency, transportation, and postal sectors .575
In May 2013, the CNMCs predecessor, CMT, announced plans to cut the prices for wholesale
access to Telefnicas broadband networks. The EC subsequently opened an investigation into
the proposed rate change to determine whether it would discourage foreign broadband investment
in Spain or pose obstacles to the EUs single market initiatives. The EC directed Spain to work
with the Body of European Regulators of Electronic Communications (BEREC) to resolve the
case.576 In October 2013, the EC concluded its investigation and urged the CNMC to amend or
withdraw its proposed setting of broadband prices for Telefnica, the dominant market player.577
568
Id.
569
Id.
570
571
Id.
572
573
574
Id.
575
Comisin Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia (CNMC), Sobre la CNMC,

http://www.cnmc.es/es-es/cnmc/sobrelacnmc.aspx (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
576
European Commission, Press Release: Commission Questions Spanish Regulators Price Regulation of
Wholesale Broadband Access (June 27, 2013), http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-13-621_en.htm
577
European Commission, Press Release: European Commission Urges Spanish Regulator to Amend or
Withdraw Wholesale Broadband Access Fees Proposal (Oct. 28, 2013), http://europa.eu/rapid/pressrelease_IP-13-1001_en.htm (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
65
DA 15-132
In May 2014, the Spanish Parliament approved a new General Telecommunications Act. The
amendments to the bill are intended to enhance guarantees of users rights; consolidate and clarify
the powers of the telecommunications regulatory agency, the CNMC; and facilitate the expansion
of broadband access.578 The Act commits the government to ensuring that the entire population
has access to broadband speeds of 10 Mbps by 2017. In line with the EU-wide Digital Agenda
for Europe, the Act also sets out the following broadband target: by 2020, 100 percent of the
Spanish population will have access to download speeds of at least 30 Mbps, and 50 percent of
homes will have access to download speeds of at least 100 Mbps.579
Market and Competition: Telefnica Espana (Movistar) led the broadband market with 46.2
percent of subscribers as of June 2014, followed by Orange Espana (14.4 percent), Grupo
Corporativo ONO (12.4 percent), Jazz Telecom (11.7 percent), and Vodafone Spain (8.5
percent).580 Pending approval from the EC, Vodafone and ONO are preparing a merger, with
Vodafone set to acquire ONO for EUR7.2 billion (US$9.9 billion).581 In recent years, the launch
of fiber networks has stimulated Spains otherwise stagnating broadband market.582
As of June 2014, Telefnica Espana (35.4 percent) led the mobile market, followed by Orange
Espana (30.4 percent), Vodafone Spain (26.2 percent), and Xfera Moviles (8.0 percent).583
Before the federal agency overhaul, CMT auctioned LTE-suitable spectrum in August 2011, and
all four of Spains major network operators won some spectrum. Between May and October
2013, all four companies launched 4G services.584 In Spains struggling economy, mobile
operators are attempting to encourage cost-conscious consumers to adopt 4G services by offering
those services at no extra charge over 3G services.585 In December 2013, Vodafone announced
that it was testing LTE-A technology,586 with Orange following suit in March 2014.587
578
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Spain Approves New General Telecommunications Act (May 2, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/02/spain-approves-new-generaltelecommunications-act/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
579
Id.
580
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Spain (2014) (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
581
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Vodafone, ONO to Launch Joint Product Bundles from September; EC
Merger Approval Expected in July (June 11, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/ 06/11/vodafone-ono-to-launch-jointproduct-bundles-from-september-ec-merger-approval-expected-in-july/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
582
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Spain (2014) (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
583
Id.
584
Id.
585
Reuters, Analysis: Spanish Telecom Firms Show Peril of Pinning Hopes on 4G (Oct. 1, 2013),
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/10/01/us-spain-4g-analysis-idUSBRE9900QS20131001 (accessed
Oct. 7, 2014).
586
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Vodafone Spain Carrying Out LTE-Advanced Tests in Madrid (Dec. 11,
2013), http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2013/12/11/vodafone-spaincarrying-out-lte-advanced-tests-in-madrid/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
587
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Orange Espana Carrying Out Trials of LTE-A (Mar. 24, 2014),
http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/03/24/orange-espana-carrying-outtrials-of-lte-a/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
66

Wired
588

589

(2013)590
Wireless
inhabitants591
DA 15-132
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
26.3
1.4
4.6
20.3
0.0
12,080,540
69.0
68.5
31,468,383
36. Sweden
Regulation: In February 2014, the Swedish regulator, the Post and Telecom Authority (PTS),
invited public comment on a new spectrum strategy.593 PTS plans to increase the availability of
usable spectrum by utilizing the least restrictive technical conditions in assigning spectrum
usage rights and by promoting shared use and secondary market trading of usage rights.594
Market and Competition: TeliaSonera Sweden is the market leader for both fixed broadband
access and mobile services.595 On the fixed side, TeliaSonera (36.7 percent) competes with
Telenor Sweden (20.4 percent), Com Hern (18.0 percent), and several other smaller providers.596
DSL remains the most popular broadband technology (with 42.6 percent of subscribers), but fiber
connections continue to grow steadily (38.6 percent of subscribers).597
In the mobile sector, TeliaSonera leads the market (44.8 percent), followed by Tele2 (25.6
percent), Telenor (17.0 percent), Hi3G Access Sweden (11.7 percent), and Net 1 Sweden (0.9
percent).598 As of February 2014, the combined 4G networks of Telenor and Tele2 covered
approximately 99 percent of the Swedish population.599
588
589
Id.
590
591
592
Id.
593
Swedish Post and Telecom Authority, PTS Spectrum Strategy, http://www.pts.se/enGB/Documents/Consultations/2014/PTS-Spectrum-Strategy/ (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
594
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Sweden (2014) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
595
Id.
596
Id.
597
Id.
598
Id.
599
Id.
67

Wired
600

601

(2012)602
Wireless
inhabitants603
DA 15-132
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
32.4
12.4
6.0
14.0
0.1
3,113,400
79.0
109.8
10,545,000
37. Switzerland
Regulation: In March 2012, the Federal Council published a report evaluating the
telecommunications market.605 The report recommended a review of the Law of
Communications (LTC), originally established for copper networks, to ensure that the legislation
keeps pace with technological developments.606 In March 2014, the Federal Office of
Communications (OfCom) announced it had revised the LTC to include next-generation
technologies, such as fiber, as a basis for its cost-based wholesale access calculations, instead of
exclusively copper-based infrastructure.607 The changes to the pricing scheme go into effect in
July 2014, but they will be phased in over a period of three years.608
Switzerlands telecommunications regulator, the Swiss Federal Communications Commission
(ComCom), completed its 800 MHz digital dividend auction in February 2012.609 The countrys
three mobile network operators, Swisscom, Orange Switzerland, and Sunrise, each won 220
megahertz licenses.610 ComCom also approved the re-farming of spectrum in the 900 MHz and
1800 MHz bands in 2015 and 2017, respectively.611
Market and Competition: Incumbent Swisscom is the market leader for both fixed broadband
access and mobile services.612
600
601
Id.
602
603
604
Id.
605
Federal Office of Communications, Evolution of the Swiss Telecommunications Market: Supplementary

Report, http://www.bakom.admin.ch/dokumentation/gesetzgebung/00512/03498/index.html?lang=en
606
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Switzerland (2014) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
607
Id.
608
Id.
609
IHS Global Insight, Switzerland Telecoms Report (2014) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
610
Id.
611
Id.
612
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Switzerland (2014) (accessed Sept. 8, 2014).
68
DA 15-132
On the fixed side, Swisscom (54.2 percent) competes with Cablecom (20.5 percent), Sunrise (9.6
percent), and several other smaller providers.613 DSL (with 60.7 percent of subscribers) and cable
connections (with 31.6 percent of subscribers) remain the most prevalent broadband
technologies.614
In the mobile sector, Swisscom leads the market (55.9 percent), followed by Sunrise (21.5
percent) and Orange Switzerland (18.9 percent).615 In addition to the three mobile network
operators, Switzerland boasts a large number of mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs)
delivering specialized services to niche markets.616
Wired
618

(2011)619
Wireless
inhabitants620
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
44.9
3.4
13.2
27.9
0.3
3,597,000
81.0
64.2
5,151,300
38. Turkey
Regulation: The Turkish broadband and wireless markets are regulated by the Bilgi
Teknolojileri ve Iletisim Kurumu (BTK), also known as the Information and Communication
Technologies Authority (ICTA).622
In terms of the introduction of 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) technologies, as of February
2014, no steps had been taken regarding the issuance of commercial licenses to Turkeys cellular
companies. However, on December 20, 2012, Avea was granted permission to test LTE-A
technology, and began to test its network on April 4, 2013.623
613
Id.
614
Id.
615
Id.
616
Id.
617
618
Id.
619
620
621
Id.
622
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Turkey (2014) (accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
623
Id.
69
DA 15-132
ICTA was expected to begin issuing licenses for the operation of broadband fixed wireless access
(BFWA) networks in the 2.4 GHz and 3.5 GHz bands, including WiMAX, as early as 2009, but
the process was delayed for unspecified reasons. As of February 2014, the government has yet to
award commercial frequencies for BFWA.624
Market and Competition: Fixed line operators, such as incumbent Turk Telekom and
competitor Turkcell, are currently building out their fiber networks.625 Turk Telekom plans to
roll out nationwide fiber optic services by the end of 2015.626
As of February 2014, the Turkish government owned 31.68 percent of Turk Telekom. As of
March 2014, Turk Telekom was the dominant provider of fixed broadband services with a 75
percent market share, followed by Turkcell Superonline (10.5 percent), Turksat (5.7 percent), DSmart Net (4.3 percent), and Millenicom Turkey (1.2 percent).627
In the wireless market Turkcell remained the market leader as of March 2014, with a 49.8 percent
share, followed by Vodafone (28.3 percent) and Avea (21.9 percent). While Turkcells position
remains strong, it is gradually losing ground to its two smaller competitors, seeing a year-on-year
decrease in its market share of 1.3 percentage points at the end of 2013.628
In terms of mobile broadband services, growth has continued unabated, with the number of 3G
accesses in Turkey increasing to 30.25 million (end-2011) and 39.25 million (end-2012), before
reaching an estimated 48.75 million at the end of 2013.629
Wired
631

(2013)632
Wireless
inhabitants633
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
11.2
1.6
0.6
8.9
0.1
8,382,811
46.0
32.3
24,183,723
624
Id.
625
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Turkey (2014) accessed Mar. 27, 2013).
626
IHS Global Insight: Middle East and North Africa - Turkey: Analyst Commentary (accessed Dec. 11,
2012).
627
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: Turkey (2014) (accessed Sept. 4, 2014).
628
Id.
629
Id.
630
631
Id.
632
633
634
Id.
70
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39. United Kingdom

Regulation: In July 2012, Ofcom, the United Kingdoms telecommunications regulatory agency,
announced plans for its largest-ever auction of mobile broadband-capable spectrum in the 800
MHz and 2.5/2.6 GHz bands. After discussions with British TV broadcasters resulted in an
accelerated timetable for clearance of terrestrial broadcasting spectrum, the auction, originally
planned for early 2013, was moved to the end of 2012. Completed in 2013, the auction raised
GBP2.34 billion (US$3.87 billion), considerably less than the expected GBP3.5 billion (US$5.79
billion).635
In May 2014, Ofcom published its new spectrum management strategy, outlining its priorities for
the next 10 years.636 The strategy document identifies several priority areas, namely: grappling
with future mobile data demand, addressing the 700 MHz band and the evolution of free-to-view
TV, supporting the release of public sector spectrum, enabling the growth of Machine-to-Machine
(M2M) applications, and supporting emergency services.637
Market and Competition: Ofcom reports that as of the beginning of 2013, nine out of every
100 people in the United Kingdom (5.7 million people) subscribed to superfast broadband (at
least 30 Mbps), putting the United Kingdom ahead of France, Germany, Italy, and Spain.638 As
of June 2014, fixed line incumbent BT Group led the broadband market with a 33.0 percent share
of subscribers, followed by BSkyB (23.4 percent), Virgin Media (20.2 percent), TalkTalk (18.8
percent), and EE (3.4 percent).639
The United Kingdoms largest mobile network operator by subscribers, EE (a joint-venture
between Orange and T-Mobile), was the first mobile provider to commercially launch a 4G
network in the country.640 EE launched its 4G network well in advance of its UK competitors
because Ofcom gave EE special permission to launch 4G services on EEs existing spectrum
ahead of the 4G auction.641 By March 2013, EE had covered the homes and businesses of 50
percent of the UK population and was working to further expand its 4G footprint. By the end of
2013, O2, Vodafone, and Hutchison 3G had also launched 4G networks. As of June 2014, EE
has the greatest market share by subscribers with 34.4 percent, followed by O2 UK (32.0
percent), Vodafone UK (22.4 percent), and Hutchison 3G (11.1 percent).642
635
Telegeography GlobalComms Database: United Kingdom (2014) (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
636
Telegeography CommsUpdate, Ofcom Publishes Spectrum Management Strategy (May 1, 2014),

http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2014/05/01/ofcom-publishes-spectrummanagement-strategy/ (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
637
Ofcom, Spectrum Management Strategy (Apr. 30, 2014),

http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/consultations/ spectrum-managementstrategy/statement/statement.pdf (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
638
Ofcom, The European Broadband Scorecard,

http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/broadbandresearch/scorecard/European_Broadband_Scorecard_2014.pdf (accessed Oct. 7, 2014)
639
640
BBC News, UKs First 4G Mobile Service Launched in 11 Cities by EE (Oct. 29, 2012),
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20121025 (accessed Oct. 7, 2014).
641
Id.
642
71
DA 15-132
Total
Fiber
Cable
DSL
Other
35.2
3.7
6.9
24.7
0.0

(2013)645
Wireless
inhabitants646
22,559,353
Wired
643
87.0
77.2
49,470,645
643
644
Id.
645
646
647
Id.
72
DA 15-132
Appendix F
Comparing International Fixed Broadband Speeds
Broadband speeds are often illustrated using three metrics: the advertised speed, the
actual speed, and the divergence between the advertised and actual speed. Advertised speeds for
a given consumer can generally be obtained either from the ISP serving that consumer or directly
from the consumer. The latter approach may create some error (when consumers are not certain
of the speed tier that they have subscribed to). Actual speed is measured primarily by two
methods: (i) by installing special hardware on an end users computer that enables the hardware
to measure actual download and upload speeds, and (ii) software based tests.1
For international cities, the most widely collected speed data are based primarily on
software-based tests conducted by Ookla using speedtest.net. These data can be useful in
providing an international comparison but certain caveats should be noted. For instance, because
this is a software-based test, the physical distance of the end user to the server may be one factor
influencing speed measurement. Another point worth noting is that the actual speeds that are
observed in each country are a combination of availability and usage. For example, a low
average download speed for a country could be a reflection of either more people subscribing to
low-speed broadband or poor performance and availability of high-speed broadband. But despite
these shortcomings, the Ookla speed data helps in constructing international comparisons because
of its large geographic scope and vast number of speed tests.2 Additionally, the data provide other
metrics of network quality that may be used to evaluate broadband performance across countries.
We are aware that other international broadband speed surveys are available. For
example, Akamai released its State of the Internet report for the second quarter of 2014 in
September 2014. According to this report, the United States has an average connection speed of
11.4 Mbps (ranking 14th in the world);3 however, this measurement cannot be readily compared
1
Installing special hardware on an end users computer is usually preferred as the speed measurement is
not biased by the subscribers computer configuration, the type of connection between the end user and the
Internet service providers (ISP) network, and the physical distance of the end user from the testing server.
For example, SamKnows (a company that measures broadband performance and provides related analytics)
conducts such hardware based tests for the United States and the United Kingdom (see
https://www.samknows.com/#). For the United States, the Federal Communication Commission teamed up
with SamKnows to measure the advertised and actual speeds, and the results are summarized in FCCs
Report titled Measuring Broadband America A Report on Consumer Wireline Broadband Performance
in the U.S, available at http://www.fcc.gov/measuring-broadband-america. The FCC releases these
reports on a regular basis, most recently in June 2014 (see http://data.fcc.gov/download/measuringbroadband-america/2014/2014-Fixed-Measuring-Broadband-America-Report.pdf). For information about
the U.K. speed testing, see http://consumers.ofcom.org.uk/internet/broadband-speeds/broadband-speedsapril-14/. However for broad-based international data, software-based tests such as Ooklas speedtest.net
are the best available data source.
2
Since January 2008, Ookla has collected data on over 6.5 billion speed tests. See https://www.ookla.com/.
In this report, we used data for 2012 and 2013. The 2012 data covers February 1 to December 5, including
40 countries with 3.8 million observations for 14,652 cities. For 2013, the data include 5.1 million
observations for 16,372 cities from January 1 to December 15. We excluded January 2012 observations
from our data due to unusually high levels of January observations for some countries in comparison to the
rest of the year. The end date of the collection period for both 2012 and 2013 corresponds the date Ookla
collected the data.
3
Akamais State of the Internet, Q2 2014, September 2014, p. 32, available at

http://www.akamai.com/html/awe/login.html?WT.mc_id=soti_Q214&campaign_id=F-MC-
DA 15-132
to the analysis of the Ookla data presented in this appendix. Akamai calculates its average speeds
based on a user request for a specific file, taking into account the file size and the time required to
complete delivery of the file.4 Ookla measures maximum sustainable throughput between the
user computer and the nearest server selecting a file size based on a bit test estimate of connection
speed. This method measures the speed of the broadband connection when multiple computers or
programs are using it.5 Essentially, more data are used to test the faster connections than slower
ones, ensuring the speed data reflect the actual speed experienced by the typical consumer.6 In
addition, Akamai excludes slower connections, i.e., users with a connection speed slower than 4
Mbps. Because this Ookla dataset is aggregated at the city level on a daily basis, we cannot
identify individual connection speeds. Thus, the following analysis includes all connection
speeds above 256 Kbps.
1.
Aggregate Country Rankings Based on Ookla Data
Figure 1a shows the 2012 and 2013 rankings based on average download speed (Mbps)
for 40 countries. Data from 2011 is also included in the figure for comparison. The countries
included are identical to those included in the Third IBDR with the addition of India and Brazil.
These rankings are based on weighted average speed, i.e., the average speed obtained by
averaging across cities using the sample size in each city as weights.
The United States ranked 25th of the 40 countries included in the IBDR sample in 2012,
with an average download speed of 14.5 Mbps, a 2.86 Mbps improvement from 2011. From
2011 to 2012, the United Kingdom moved from 25th to 22nd with an increase in average
download speed from 11.24 Mbps to 16.87 Mbps. As a result, the United State ranked 25th,
moving from 24th to 25th of the 40 countries included in this Report. In 2012, Brazil and India
ranked 35th and 40th with average download speeds of 6.80 Mbps and 2.27 Mbps, respectively.
Our inclusion of data on Brazil and India does not affect the ranking of the United States;
however, it does increase the number of comparison countries from 38 in the Third IBDR to 40 in
this Report.
Based on the 2013 speed data, the United States ranked 26th of 40 countries, with an
average download speed of 18.67 Mbps. Since 2012, Ireland has moved from 28th to 25th,
22494&curl=/dl/whitepapers/akamai-soti-q214.pdf. South Korea holds the number one position in the
Akamai rankings, with an average download speed of 24.6 Mbps. Id. at 20. By comparison, Akamai ranks
Delaware the fastest state in the United States with an average speed of 16.2 Mbps (globally, Hong Kong
ranks second behind South Korea with 15.7 Mbps). Id. at 26, 20.
4
Akamais methodology for determining connection speed is explained in further detail at

https://blogs.akamai.com/2011/11/the-future-internet.html and
https://blogs.akamai.com/2013/04/clarifying-state-of-the-internet-report-metrics.html.
5
This is done by using multiple threads (simultaneous transfers of data) and carefully right-sizing the
transferred payload. Frequently Asked Questions, Version 1.02, May 26, 2010, pp. 2 3.
6
According to Professors Bauer, Clark and Lehr of MIT, the Ookla/Speedtest approach which typically
results in higher measured data rates than the other approaches reviewed was the best of the currently
available data sources for assessing the speed of ISPs broadband access service. One of the key
differences that accounts for this is that the Ookla/Speedtest tools utilize multiple TCP connections to
collect the measurement data which is key to avoiding the receive window limitation. These tests are also
much more likely to be conducted to a server that is relatively close to the client running the test. Steve
Bauer, David Clark, William Lehr, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Understanding Broadband
Speed Measurements,
http://mitas.csail.mit.edu/papers/Bauer_Clark_Lehr_Broadband_Speed_Measurements.pdf.
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reflecting an increase in average download speed from 11.93 Mbps to 19.28 Mbps. In 2013,
Brazil fell one spot to 36th, while Indias ranking did not change.
Average download speeds in both years increased for the majority of countries in the
sample. The data are shown in Figure 1a.7
Figure 1a
Country Average Weighted Speed Rankings
(2011-2013): All Available Data
50
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Luxembourg
Singapore
Lithuania
Sweden
Korea
Japan
Netherlands
Switzerland
Hong Kong
Iceland
Finland
Denmark
Bulgaria
Belgium
Portugal
Norway
France
Estonia
UK
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Hungary
Austria
Germany
Ireland
United States
Canada
Spain
Israel
Poland
Slovenia
New Zealand
Australia
Mexico
Chile
Brazil
Turkey
Greece
Italy
India
Average (Weighted) Download Speed in Mbps
45
2013
2012
2011
Source: Actual Download Speeds from Net Index by Ookla, weighted by total number of tests. 2011 data
was drawn on Dec. 15, 2011; 2012 data was drawn on Dec. 6, 2012; and 2013 data was drawn on Dec. 16,
2013. Brazil and India were not included as sample countries in the Third IBDR (2011).
The median weighted download speed for the United States based on 2012 data was
14.31 Mbps and the United States maintained its ranking of 25th of 40 countries based on the
median.8 This is slightly below the average download speed of 14.5 Mbps. In 2013, the median
weighted download speed for the United States increased to 18.43 Mbps, but its ranking fell to
26th of 40 countries. Similar to the United States, most countries have means and medians that
7
Throughout this Appendix C, references to figures signify charts or diagrams within this narrative.
References to tables refer to the detailed data tables that are collected at the end of this Appendix.
8
Because the data are aggregated at the city level and do not have individual speed test records, we cannot
compute a true median. Here, median refers to the median of the aggregated (average) daily city speed
tests weighted by sample size.
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are fairly close together, in both the 2012 and 2013 data. Exceptions to this are Luxembourg and
Hong Kong, whose 2013 average download speeds exceed their 2013 median download speeds
by 8.20 Mbps and 7.34 Mbps respectively. Median speeds are also shown in Appendix F Table
1a.
Figure 1b includes 95 percent confidence interval bands for the percent change in average
weighted download speeds between 2011 and 2012. The confidence interval bands measure the
margin of error associated with the calculated percent change at a 95 percent confidence level
(i.e., that 95 percent of the intervals would include the percent change parameter). Countries
where the bounds are close to the estimated percent change have smaller variation in the change
from the previous year and smaller overall variance in the average download speeds.
In 2012, the average download speed increase in the United States of 23.87 percent had a
lower bound of 23.24 percent and an upper bound of 24.50 percent. Most countries had a positive
percent increase. Singapore, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Iceland, and Estonia have the widest
confidence interval bands, indicating substantial variation in the percent change from 2011 to
2012. All percent change data are presented in Appendix F Table 1b.
Figure 1b
Percent Change in Average (Weighted) Download Speed with
95% Confidence Interval Bands, 2011-2012
100
Percent Change
80
60
40
-20
Singapore
Luxembourg
Israel
Japan
United Kingdom
Ireland
Australia
Norway
Chile
Slovenia
Mexico
Portugal
Poland
Bulgaria
Canada
New Zealand
Czech Republic
United States
Denmark
Austria
Finland
Spain
Iceland
Lithuania
Belgium
Netherlands
Slovakia
Estonia
Italy
Hungary
Hong Kong
Korea
Turkey
Switzerland
Sweden
Greece
Germany
France
20
Source: Actual Download Speeds from Net Index by Ookla, weighted by sample size (Data drawn on Dec.
6, 2012). Brazil and India were not included as sample countries in the Third IBDR (2011).
Figure 1c includes 95 percent confidence interval bands for the percent change in average
weighted download speeds between 2012 and 2013. The average download speed increase in
United States was 28.34 percent, with lower and upper bounds of 27.87 percent and 28.81
percent, respectively. Every country in this report had a positive percent increase. Luxembourg,
Iceland, and Singapore had the widest confidence interval bands, indicating substantial variation
in the percent change from 2012 to 2013.
4
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Figure 1c
Percent Change in Average (Weighted) Download Speed with
95% Confidence Interval Bands, 2012-2013
100
Percent Change
80
60
40
20
Hong Kong
Mexico
Israel
Switzerland
Japan
Ireland
Finland
France
Luxembourg
Denmark
India
Austria
Iceland
New Zealand
Sweden
Singapore
Belgium
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Spain
Turkey
Canada
Slovenia
Slovakia
Estonia
United States
Norway
Hungary
Czech Republic
Poland
Greece
Germany
Brazil
Italy
Lithuania
Chile
Australia
Portugal
Korea
Bulgaria
16, 2013).
Figure 1d shows the percentage of tests with actual download speeds exceeding 10 Mbps.
Many countries saw large increases in the 10 Mbps speed tier from 2011 to 2012, including the
United States, where 88 percent of tests met or exceeded this speed in 2012, compared to 69
percent in 2011. Several European countries, including Ireland, Luxembourg, Slovenia,
Switzerland, and the United Kingdom saw substantial increases between 2011 and 2012 in the
percentage of tests with download speeds greater than 10 Mbps. The United States continued this
improvement in 2013, with 96 percent of its tests showing speeds greater than 10 Mbps.
Similarly, Australia and New Zealand more than doubled their respective percentages of tests
exceeding this speed. In 2013, New Zealand and Slovenia saw substantial increases in their
percentage of tests showing speeds greater than 10 Mbps, while the Latin American countries
included in this reportBrazil, Chile, and Mexicoeach grew by a factor greater than 32 times
their 2012 mark and were among the most improved countries in this regard.
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Figure 1d
Percentage of Tests Reporting Greater than 10 Mbps of Download
Speed, 2011-2013
100
90
80
Percentage
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Singapore
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Korea
Japan
Iceland
Hong Kong
Estonia
Lithuania
Switzerland
Sweden
Denmark
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Finland
New Zealand
Norway
United Kingdom
Slovakia
Hungary
Germany
Slovenia
Portugal
United States
Canada
Austria
Ireland
Poland
Spain
France
Australia
Chile
Mexico
Brazil
Italy
Turkey
India
Greece
2013
2012
2011
Source: Actual Download Speeds from Net Index by Ookla (Data drawn on Dec. 16, 2013).
Figure 1e shows the percentage of tests with actual download speeds exceeding 25 Mbps.
Download speed tests reporting 25 Mbps or greater were limited in the United States with only
1.2 percent of tests reporting in this speed tier in 2012. Several countries, including Bulgaria,
Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, had large increases in this speed tier from 2011 to 2012. The
United States saw improvement in 2013, with 11.2 percent of such tests exceeding 25 Mbps
download speed, an increase of nearly tenfold from 2012.9 Many European countries
experienced tremendous growth in this speed tier; Austria, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway,
and the United Kingdom all improved at least 20 times their 2012 mark and were among the most
improved countries in this regard.
Note that this metric is a reflection of the number of tests exceeding 25 Mbps, and does not necessarily
reflect the number of consumers who actually subscribe to service with at least 25 Mbps download service.
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Figure 1e
Percentage of Tests Reporting Greater than 25 Mbps of Download Speed,
2011-2013
100
Percentage
80
60
40
20
Singapore
Luxembourg
Hong Kong
Lithuania
Korea
Netherlands
Iceland
Sweden
Japan
Denmark
Switzerland
Finland
Bulgaria
Portugal
Austria
Belgium
Slovakia
Norway
France
United Kingdom
Czech Republic
Germany
Estonia
United States
Hungary
Ireland
Australia
Spain
Canada
Israel
Poland
New Zealand
Slovenia
Italy
Turkey
Mexico
2013
2012
2011
Source: Actual Download Speeds from Net Index by Ookla (Data drawn on Dec. 16, 2013). Countries not
listed in this figure did not have tests meeting this speed level for any of the three years. Some countries
have missing data in earlier years, e.g., Singapore is does not have data for 2011.
2.
Speed Comparisons at the City Level
The following analysis compares the capital cities of all 40 countries, including
Washington, D.C., and all U.S. state capitals. Figure 2 shows the ranking of capital cities for the
top and bottom quartiles of the mean download speed distribution (weighted by sample size).
The rankings of all capital cities can be found in Appendix F Table 2.
In 2012, Carson City (Nevada) and Trenton (New Jersey) improved their ranking to
compare favorably with international capital cities and increased the number of U.S. cities in the
top quartile from four to five. Olympia (Washington) fell from the top quartile. The number of
U.S. cities in the bottom quartile (excluding Juneau, Alaska due to data availability) decreased
from 15 to 13. In 2013, Olympia rejoined the top quartile, but Carson City fell out of it, keeping
the number of cities in the top quartile at four. The number of U.S. cities in the bottom quartile
decreased from 13 to 12, of which half were new to the bottom quartile.
50
40
30
20
10
Figure 2
Capital City Average (Weighted) Speed Rankings, 2012 and 2013
Top and Bottom Quartiles
Vilnius
Vilnius
Seoul
Paris
Sofia
Singapore
Luxemburg
Luxemburg
Singapore
Seoul
Hong Kong
Bern
Lisbon
Tokyo
Amsterdam
Reykjavk
Reykjavk
Helsinki
Helsinki
Amsterdam
Stockholm
Sofia
Dover
Hong Kong
Carson City
Stockholm
Bern
Lisbon
Trenton
Copenhagen
Paris
Dover
Bismarck
Trenton
Annapolis
Oslo
Copenhagen
Annapolis
Oslo
Bismarck
Tokyo
Vienna
Bratislava
Bratislava
Berlin
Olympia
Washington, D.C.
Raleigh
Hartford
Ljubljana
Topeka
Columbus
Little Rock
Topeka
Sacramento
Boise
Boise
Canberra
Boston
Columbia
Santa Fe
Jerusalem
Lincoln
Augusta
Helena
Mexico
Santiago
Charleston
Jerusalem
Cheyenne
Charleston
Helena
Braslia
Lincoln
Mexico City
Santiago
Frankfort
Braslia
Canberra
Montpelier
Montpelier
Ankara
Ankara
Frankfort
Athens
Athens
Rome
Rome
New Delhi
New Delhi
Average Download Speed (Mbps)
60
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2012
2013
Source: Actual Download Speeds from Net Index by Ookla, weighted by sample size (Data drawn for 2012
on Dec. 6, 2012 and 2013 on Dec. 16, 2013). Capital cities consist of 40 country capitals (including
Washington, D.C.) and 49 state capitals for the United States (Juneau is no longer an active host for
Speedtest.net).
3.
Speed Comparisons Using a Stratified Sampling Technique
We chose to keep the cities in the stratified sample identical to those selected in the Third
IBDR because it allows for cleaner comparison between the three years of data2011, 2012, and
2013. The stratified sample was drawn using 2011 data. We do not redraw the sample for 2012
and 2013; rather, we keep data for the cities that match those selected in 2011.
We added cities in Brazil and India to our comparison analysis in the 2012 and 2013 data.
To add them, we generated the proportions of cities for the stratified sample from the Ookla data
rather than the population because of the discrepancy between the availability of Ookla data
(primarily large cities) and population distribution. Population was used to identify the strata city
size indicators for Brazil and India. The stratified sample cities for Brazil and India remained
unchanged in the 2013 update. Other than the modifications noted, we followed the stratified
sampling methodology outlined in the Third IBDR.10 Appendix F Tables 3a and 3b, respectively,
present the population proportions for each stratum of non-U.S. and U.S. cities.
10
The report can be downloaded from http://www.fcc.gov/reports/international-broadband-data-reportthird. See Appendix F, Section 5 for explanation of the stratified sampling methodology.
DA 15-132
Figure 3a shows the country speed ranks based on the cities in the sample. In 2012, the
results from the sample are consistent with the results using all data, presented in Figure 1a, with
the United States ranking 26th of 40 countries.11 This is a decrease from 2011, when the United
States was ranked 18th of 38 countries. This indicates that while speeds may have increased in
absolute value (moving from 12.53 Mbps in 2011 to 14.70 Mbps in 2012), the U.S. cities in the
sample increased more slowly than other cities in the sample. In contrast, the United States
enhanced both its absolute speed, as well as its ranking compared to other IBDR countries in
2013. Average download speed in the United States increased to 19.55 Mbps and the U.S. rank
changed to 25th of 39 countries. Greece did not have data for 2013; however, it ranked below the
United States in previous years and therefore was not the cause of the U.S. improvement in
ranking. Of the 39 countries that reported data, 35 increased their average download speed, and
of these, Luxembourg posted the largest growth at 22.89 Mbps. Data for all states and countries
can be found in Appendix F Table 3d.
Average Weighted Download Speed (Mbps)
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Korea
Singapore
Hong Kong
Sweden
Singapore
Korea
Sweden
Switzerland
Japan
Netherlands
Netherlands
Japan
Luxembourg
Hong Kong
Portugal
Belgium
Switzerland
Denmark
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Denmark
Finland
Belgium
Portugal
Iceland
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Iceland
Slovakia
United Kingdom
Norway
Czech Republic
Estonia
Slovakia
Hungary
Estonia
Finland
Germany
United Kingdom
Norway
Germany
Hungary
France
France
Canada
Canada
Australia
United States
United States
Israel
Poland
Ireland
Slovenia
Poland
Spain
Austria
Austria
Spain
Israel
Australia
Ireland
Slovenia
New Zealand
New Zealand
Chile
Chile
Brazil
Brazil
Greece
Italy
Italy Turkey
Turkey
Mexico
Mexico
India
India
Figure 3a
Average (Weighted) Speed Rankings by Country, 2012 and 2013
(Based on Stratified Sampling of Cities)
2012
2013
6, 2012). Cities use to construct the sample are identical to those used in the Third IBDR, based on 2011
data, with the addition of Brazil and India.
Figure 3b compares the United States at the state level with the other IBDR countries in
2012 and 2013. The top and bottom quartiles show that considerable variation in download speed
exists within the United States. Eight U.S. states appeared in the top quartile in 2012, a decrease
of one from 2011. New York and North Dakota are no longer in the top quartile, but the average
11
See Appendix F Table 3c for the Average (Weighted) Download Speeds by Country (2012) (based on
stratified sampling).
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(weighted) download speed in New Jersey increased from 12.62 Mbps to 19.44 Mbps, moving it
into the top quartile. There were 14 states in the bottom quartile in 2012, up from 11 in 2011.
There were again eight states in the top quartile in 2013. The number of states in the bottom
quartile remained at 13, though there were many states new to it. Kansas improved its average
download speed by 7.43 Mbps (from 13.38 Mbps in 2012 to 20.81 Mbps in 2013), which helped
the state jump from 57th to 36th place. A number of states displayed nominal growth, and among
these Montana improved its average download speed by just 0.25 Mbps. Data for all states and
countries can be found in Appendix F Table 3d.
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Korea
Singapore
Hong Kong
Sweden
Singapore
Korea
Sweden
Switzerland
Japan
Netherlands
Netherlands
Japan
Luxembourg
Hong Kong
Portugal
Belgium
Switzerland
Denmark
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Denmark
Finland
Belgium
Delaware
Iceland
Portugal
Delaware
New Jersey
South Dakota
Maryland
New Jersey
Bulgaria
Maryland
Virginia
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Czech Republic
Massachusetts
Virginia
Utah
Rhode Island
Iceland
Minnesota
Washington
New Mexico
Vermont
Hawaii
Mississippi
Arkansas
Oklahoma
Spain
Austria
Mississippi
Missouri
Texas
Ohio
North Carolina
West Virginia
Idaho
Kentucky
Oklahoma
Israel
Ohio
Maine
Australia
Ireland
Slovenia
Montana
Maine
Idaho
New Zealand
Wyoming
Kentucky
New Zealand
Wyoming
Chile
Montana
Brazil
Chile
Greece
Brazil
Alaska
Alaska
Italy
Italy
Turkey
Turkey
Mexico
Mexico
India
India
Average Weighted Download Speed (Mbps)
Figure 3b
Average (Weighted) Speed Rankings by US States and International Countries,
2012 and 2013, Top and Bottom Quartiles
(Based on stratified sampling using 2011 cities)
2012
2013
6, 2012). Cities use to construct the sample are identical to those used in the Third IBDR, based on 2011
data, with the addition of Brazil and India.
In addition to analyzing the overall speed ranks based on the sampling approach, we also
show how each country ranks within each stratum. Appendix F Tables 4a-4d present these
results.
4.
Advertised versus Actual Speed
Figure 4 presents the shortfall index i.e., the percent difference between advertised and
actual speeds12 for 2011, 2012, and2013. Of the 38 countries that reported data, half saw a
12
Ookla also refers to this as the Promise Index -- an index that ranks the value of the median ratio of
actual download speed to the download speed subscribed to (the promised speed). See
http://www.netindex.com/promise/. The promise index is the median ratio of actual download speed to the
advertised download speed subscribed to by the consumer. The shortfall index is: 1 (Actual
Speed/Advertised Speed).
10
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decrease in their shortfall index from 2011 to 2012 (that is, half the countries improved on
delivering advertised speeds).13 Luxembourg, New Zealand, Sweden, and the United Kingdom
saw the largest decreases; however, Iceland, Italy, and Ireland all saw increases in their shortfall
index. Hungary has a shortfall index of -0.44, which indicates the actual speeds exceed advertised
speeds. The shortfall index for the United States increased slightly from 6.8 percent in 2011 to
6.9 percent in 2012. Slightly more than half of the countries experienced a decrease in their
shortfall index from 2012 to 2013. Iceland saw the greatest reduction in shortfall at 6.8
percentage points, while Ireland and the Netherlands both experienced growth in excess of five
percentage points. The shortfall index for the United States increased to 7.2 in 2013.14
Figure 4
Shortfall Index in 2011-2013
(% Difference Between Advertised and Actual Speed)
60
50
Percent Difference
40
30
20
0
-10
Hungary
Lithuania
Slovakia
Israel
Switzerland
Brazil
Chile
Slovenia
Poland
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Norway
United States
Canada
Estonia
Denmark
Mexico
Finland
Sweden
Singapore
Turkey
Hong Kong
Luxembourg
Germany
Spain
India
Portugal
New Zealand
Belgium
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Iceland
Austria
Ireland
Italy
Australia
France
Greece
10
2011
2012
2013
Source: Promise Index from Net Index by Ookla. Data drawn on Dec. 6, 2012 and Dec. 16, 2013.
The shortfall index may not be entirely representative of a nations broadband carriers
ability to deliver advertised speeds. In order to generate the Promise Index Ookla requires
consumers that submit test results to fill out a survey that asks for the advertised speed to which
they are subscribed. This means that the Promise Index is created from a smaller subset of test
results than the Net Index and assumes that the test subjects know the promised speed of the plan
to which they have subscribed. Also, the potential exists that consumers unhappy with their
speed are more likely to run tests for the Promise Index, thereby creating a bias in the data.
13
Japan and Korea did not report shortfall data for 2011-2013.
14
See Appendix F Table 5.
11
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The Ookla Promise Index, though imperfect, does provide a means for comparing many
countries on their broadband carriers ability to deliver advertised speeds. In addition to
constructing a shortfall index, we present the average and advertised download speeds from the
Ookla data. Figures 5a and 5b show the download speeds from September 2013 and September
2012, respectively. The United States was ranked 21st of 38 countries for its advertised speed of
12.8 Mbps in 2011. Both actual and advertised speeds increased for the United States between
2011 and 2012, although the increase in the average advertised speed was larger than the increase
in average actual speed. The United States ranked 20th of 40 countries for September 2012
according to the Ookla actual average download speed data.15 For advertised speed, the United
States improved its ranking by one and is currently 20th of 38 countries with an advertised speed
of 15.5 Mbps. In 2013, the U.S. ranked 24th of 40 countries in terms of actual download speed
and 23rd of 38 countries with an advertised download speed of 19.3 Mbps. Data for both 2012
and 2013 are presented in Appendix F Table 6.
Figure 5a
Actual vs. Advertised Speed, September 2013
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Hong Kong
Luxembourg
Singapore
Netherlands
Sweden
Belgium
Switzerland
Iceland
Lithuania
Denmark
Portugal
Finland
United Kingdom
Bulgaria
Estonia
Ireland
Germany
Australia
Czech Republic
France
Norway
Israel
United States
Slovakia
Spain
Hungary
Austria
New Zealand
Slovenia
Greece
Canada
Poland
Italy
Chile
Turkey
Mexico
Brazil
India
Japan
Korea
2013 Ookla Actual
15
2013 Ookla Advertised
Japan and South Korea do not have actual download speeds reported in this dataset.
12
DA 15-132
Figure 5b
Actual vs. Advertised Speed, September 2012
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
Hong Kong
Korea
Japan
Lithuania
Singapore
Sweden
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Switzerland
Belgium
Bulgaria
Portugal
Iceland
Denmark
Estonia
Czech Republic
Norway
Slovakia
Germany
United States
Hungary
United Kingdom
Finland
Australia
Spain
Canada
Israel
France
Austria
Poland
Slovenia
Ireland
New Zealand
Chile
Greece
Turkey
Italy
Brazil
Mexico
India
2012 Ookla Actual
2012 Ookla Advertised
We believe that the Commissions Measuring Broadband America (MBA) program, an

ongoing, rigorous, nationwide study of residential broadband performance in the United States,
provides a more accurate picture of U.S. broadband providers ability to deliver advertised
speeds. The most recent MBA study (released on June 18, 2014), like those conducted before,
involves actual performance tests for thousands of subscribers of ISPs serving well over 80
percent of the residential market.16 Both the 2013 and 2014 reports found that five ISPs routinely
delivered nearly 100 percent or greater of the download speed advertised to the consumer, even
during time periods when bandwidth demand was at its peak, while in 2012 the U.S. ISPs on
average delivered 97 percent of advertised download speed during peak usage periods.17
The Measuring Broadband America program relies on measurements by hardware and
software deployed in the homes of thousands of volunteer consumers by Commission contractor
SamKnows. The SamKnows Whitebox devices and their software conduct automated, direct
16
See 2014 Measuring Broadband America: Fixed Broadband Report - A Report on Consumer Wireline
Broadband Performance in the U.S., FCCs Office of Engineering and Technology and Consumer and
Governmental Affairs Bureau, http://data.fcc.gov/download/measuring-broadband-america/2014/2014Fixed-Measuring-Broadband-America-Report.pdf
17
Id. at p. 14; 2013 Measuring Broadband America: February Report - A Report on Consumer Wireline
Broadband Performance in the U.S., FCCs Office of Engineering and Technology and Consumer and
Governmental Affairs Bureau, p. 4,
http://transition.fcc.gov/cgb/measuringbroadbandreport/2013/Measuring-Broadband-America-feb2013.pdf.
13
DA 15-132
measurements of broadband performance throughout the year, though for reporting purposes, the
Commission focuses on test results during a specific time period (September 2013 in the case of
the June 2014 report).18 The study examines service offerings from 14 of the largest broadband
providers (focusing on four ISP delivery technologiesDSL, cable, fiber, and satellite), which
collectively account for well over 80 percent of all U.S. residential broadband connections.
Hardware approaches involve placing a device inside the users home, and it is physically
connected to the consumers Internet connection, and periodically running tests to remote targets
on the Internet.
Several countries have undertaken detailed broadband studies similar to our own,19 the
largest being a EC-organized study of actual broadband speeds in 30 countries across Europe,
also using SamKnows.20 A comparison of the latest MBA and EC reports is warranted due to
similarities in methodologies and the time of data collection. The United States does much better
18
2014 Measuring Broadband America Fixed Broadband Report: A Report on Consumer Fixed Broadband
Performance in the U.S., FCCs Office of Engineering and Technology and Consumer and Governmental
Affairs Bureau, rel. June 19, 2014, available at http://www.fcc.gov/reports/measuring-broadband-america2014. (2014 MBA Report.)
19
The United Kingdom is a notable example. Ofcom, the United Kingdoms telecommunications
regulator, has also partnered with SamKnows to conduct regular broadband speed tests. See U.K. fixedline broadband performance, Ofcom, November 2012, available at
http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/broadbandresearch/nov2012/Fixed_bb_speeds_Nov_2012.pdf, and the U.K.s most recent report (April 2014) at
http://consumers.ofcom.org.uk/internet/broadband-speeds/broadband-speeds-april-14/. Singapores
Infocomm Development Authority has also partnered with SamKnows to provide broadband speed test
results for Singapores consumers. See http://www.ida.gov.sg/applications/rbs/chart.html. In 2012, new
rules took effect in Brazil that require ISPs to provide at least 20 percent of the speed that they advertise.
Anatel, the Brazilian regulator, has provided meter devices to volunteers to measure broadband speeds and
ensure that ISPs comply with the speed regulation. See New Rules for Brazil Broadband Providers, The
Rio Times, Nov. 6, 2012, available at http://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-business/new-rules-forbrazil-broadband-providers/#). Anatel released its findings in 2013; see
http://www.samknows.com/broadband/news/brazil-latest-report-from-anatel-11140.html and
http://www.anatel.gov.br/Portal/exibirPortalNoticias.do?acao=carregaNoticia&codigo=30427. Germanys
telecommunications regulator, Bundesnetzagentur (BNetza), released the results of its 2012 and 2013
studies of actual broadband speeds experienced by German broadband subscribers
(seehttp://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/DE/Sachgebiete/Telekommunikation/Unternehmen_Institutionen/Br
eitband/Dienstequalitaet/qualitaetsstudie/qualitaetsstudie-node.html). BNetzas method of testing is similar
to Ooklas, in that the test was software-based and conducted via a consumers web browser (see
http://www.initiative-netzqualitaet.de/startseite/). Those taking the test were required to fill out a survey
identifying, among other factors, the name of their broadband provider and the speed tier (maximum up
to speed) to which they subscribe. Germanys test results reveal that 15.7 percent of fixed broadband
customers and 21 percent using mobile broadband devices achieved the advertised maximum speeds. See
Internet Speeds Fail to Meet Promises in Germany, Study Shows, New York Times, April 11, 2013,
available at http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/12/technology/internet-speeds-fail-to-meet-promises-ingermany-study-shows.html.
20
Quality of Broadband Services in the EU, October 2013, Final Report prepared for the European
Commission, rel. March 25, 2014, available at http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/news/qualitybroadband-services-eu-samknows-study-internet-speeds-second-report. For this study, the EC recruited
10,000 consumers across these 30 countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
and United Kingdom (i.e., the 28 EU member countries plus Iceland and Norway). The study examined
speeds on xDSL, cable, and fiber networks of more than 200 ISPs.
14
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than Europe when comparing the proportion of advertised speeds to actual speeds.21 The
European study is based on data SamKnows gathered from Whiteboxes in October 2013 and the
latest MBA study is based on Whitebox data gathered in September 2013. The chart below
shows the peak (7:00 pm-11:00 pm) average advertised and actual broadband speed for both the
United States and Europe for DSL, cable, fiber, and (for the United States) satellite ISPs. The
speeds below are averages for all observations of a given technology. For the United States, the
reported figure is the average for all consumer observations using the indicated technology. For
Europe, the reported figure is the average for all observations in the 30 country survey. These
high-level averages do not account for variations in actual/advertised speeds at various speed
tiers.22
Technology
Europe
adverstised
speed (Mbps)
xDSL
Cable
fiber
United States
advertised
speed
(Mbps)
9.88
27.71
40.76
13.95
60.54
59.48
United States
actual
speed23
(Mbps)
9.64
28.92
45.17
Europe
actual
speed24
(Mbps)
8.13
52.21
47.74
United States
actual/
Advertised
(%)
97.6
104.4
110.8
Europe
actual/
Advertised
(%)
63.8
89.5
82.7
Satellite
12
NA
17.81
NA
148.4
NA
This chart suggests that although advertised and actual speeds are often higher in Europe
than in the United States, U.S. broadband providers are more effective than European providers in
delivering promised speeds to consumers. U.S. providers (that is, those providers in the MBA
sample) actual speeds exceed advertised speeds for all platforms except DSL, whereas European
providers (again, only those providers that participate in the study) do not exceed advertised
speeds for any technology. Further, for DSL, although European providers advertised faster
speeds than U.S. providers, the U.S. providers, on average, delivered actual speeds that were
faster than actual speeds of the European providers.25
5.
Other Quality Measures for Fixed Broadband Connections
The focus of our discussion so far has centered on the speed of broadband connection,
which measures the average rate at which information packets travel from a source to a
21
This should be considered when looking at pricing data (section III.C. infra) which is collected with only
advertised speeds. Based on the data above, it appears that U.S. broadband consumers get more of what
they pay for, compared to European consumers.
22
. The U.S.-based MBA testing data does not include all speed tiers for the tested 12-15 providers for all
regions. Thus, we cannot say that all consumers in the United States for a specific technology experience a
specific speed on average. For the 6,000-7,000 Whiteboxes tested at some speed tiers for the largest 12-15
providers in some regions of the United States, the average speeds were what we show in the table above.
The averages provide a useful tool for comparing huge volumes of data, but they reflect only the
experiences of those consumers participating in the SamKnows studies (both in Europe and the United
States), and do not necessarily represent a true average American or average European experience.
23
These are peak period actual speeds, averaged for all carriers using the technology described.
24
These are peak period actual speeds, averaged for all carriers using the technology described.
25
The U.S. data is publicly available at Validated Data - Measuring Broadband America 2014,
http://www.fcc.gov/measuring-broadband-america/2014/validated-data-fixed-2014.
15
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destination. There are, however, other metrics of network quality that may provide insight about
comparative broadband performance across countries. Three common measures of connection
quality are latency, jitter, that is the variance in latency, and packet loss. Ookla collects data on
these broadband quality measures through user-based tests at pingtest.net.26
a.
Latency
Latency (also known as ping) refers to several types of delays typically incurred during
network data processing, and is typically measured in milliseconds (ms). One common measure
is round-trip latency, which measures the amount of time it takes a data packet to travel from a
source to a destination and back. More precisely, it is measured as the sum of time from the start
of packet transmission by a source to the start of packet reception by a destination plus the time
that it takes for the packet to travel back from the receiving destination to the source. Latency is
often affected by factors such as the properties of the physical medium through which the
network packets are transmitted or processing delays which may occur when the packets need to
pass through proxy servers.
Figure 6a shows the weighted latency rankings for the 40 IBDR sample countries for
2011-2013. From 2011 to 2012, latency in the United States decreased from 73.87 ms to 73.73
ms and ranking improved from 24th (of 38 countries) to 21st (of 40 countries). Several countries
experienced increases in latency in 2012, with the largest growth seen in Belgium, Ireland, Israel,
and Turkey. Latency in Mexico and Sweden decreased in 2012. In the United States, latency
increased from 73.73 ms to 80.33 ms from 2012 to 2013, causing its rank to fall to 27th (of 40
countries).27 A number of countries experienced increases in latency in 2013, of which Finland,
India, and Mexico experienced the greatest growth. Latency decreased in Israel and Switzerland
in 2013. Data is shown in Appendix F Table 7a.
26
These data are included with the full NetIndex download.
27
But see 2014 MBA Report, finding that across all terrestrial technologies during peak periods, latency
(round trip_ averaged 34. 9 ms for those ISPs surveyed. 2014 MBA Report at p. 16.
16
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Figure 6a
Country Average (Weighted) Latency Rankings, 2011-2013
120
80
60
40
20
Korea
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Switzerland
Portugal
Slovakia
Iceland
Hungary
Lithuania
Netherlands
Hong Kong
Austria
New Zealand
Norway
Germany
Belgium
United Kingdom
Denmark
Finland
Greece
Poland
Italy
Ireland
Brazil
Turkey
Chile
United States
Japan
Israel
Sweden
Australia
Slovenia
Canada
Singapore
Spain
France
Estonia
Mexico
India
Luxembourg
Average (Weighted) Latency (ms)
100
2011
2012
2013
Note: 2011 quality data is not available for Luxembourg. Iceland and Japan do not have data prior to 2013.
Brazil and India were not comparison countries in the Third International Broadband Data Report. Data
drawn on Dec. 6, 2012 and Dec. 16, 2013.
In Figure 6b, we plot the top and bottom quartiles of average (weighted) percent packet
loss for the IBDR countries and most U.S. states (including District of Columbia) for 2012 and
2013. In 2012, the number of U.S. states in the top quartile decreased by four, for a total of six,
and the number of states in the bottom quartile decreased from 10 to seven. In 2013, the number
of states in the top quartile fell to six, and the number states in the bottom quartile returned to 10.
New Jersey significantly reduced its latency from 172.11 ms in 2011 to 78.83 ms in 2012. Idaho
saw the largest increase in latency over this period, moving from 82.29 ms to 234.46 ms. In
2013, however, Maryland experienced the largest decrease in latency, when it dropped from
129.21 ms to 76.62 ms. Alabama saw the largest increase in 2013, moving to 185.32 ms from
56.78 ms the previous year. Data for IBDR countries and all states which reported data are
presented in Appendix F Table 7b.
17
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200
Average (Weighted) Latency (Ms)
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Arkansas
Bulgaria
New Jersey
Bulgaria
Korea
Korea
Virginia
Finland
Czech Republic
Arkansas
Czech Republic
Florida
Alabama
Switzerland
Hungary
Hungary
Wisconsin
Slovakia
Georgia
Virginia
Finland
Austria
Lithuania
Tennessee
Slovakia
Mexico
Hong Kong
Denmark
New Zealand
Georgia
United Kingdom
Oklahoma
Australia
California
Ohio
Missouri
California
Louisiana
Spain
Sweden
Ireland
Belgium
Turkey
Kansas
Canada
Canada
Slovenia
Wisconsin
Michigan
India
Kansas
France
India
Turkey
Estonia
Idaho
France
Ohio
Idaho
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
Michigan
Alabama
Idaho
Figure 6b
Country and US State Average Weighted Latency Rankings
(2012-2013): Top and Bottom Quartiles
2012
2013
Note: 2011 quality data is not available for Luxembourg. Brazil and India were not comparison countries in
the Third IBDR. Data drawn on Dec. 6, 2012 and Dec. 16, 2013.
In Figure 6c, we compare U.S. states to the IBDR countries, with the top and bottom
quartiles from 2012 being displayed. For comparison, their average latency from 2011 is also
shown. 2012 data can be seen in Appendix F Table 7b. The United States increased the number
of states in the top quartile by one, for a total of ten, and decreased the number of states in the
bottom quartile from ten to seven. New Jersey significantly reduced its latency from 172.11 ms
in 2011 to 37.19 ms in 2012. Idaho saw the largest increase in latency, moving to 234.46 ms,
from 82.29 ms in 2011.
18
Figure 6c
Country and US State Average (Weighted) Latency Rankings, 2011 and
2012
(Top and Bottom Quartile)
250
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Idaho
150
100
50
Arkansas
New Jersey
Bulgaria
Korea
Czech Republic
Virginia
South Carolina
Alabama
Florida
Hungary
Arizona
Tennessee
Wisconsin
Finland
Lithuania
Hong Kong
Georgia
Slovakia
Australia
Michigan
New York
California
Ireland
Spain
Turkey
Canada
Slovenia
Israel
India
France
Estonia
Maine
Massachusetts
Luxembourg
Maryland
Average (Weighted) Latency (ms)
200
2012
2011
the Third IBDR.
b.
Jitter
Jitter (also known as packet delay variation) refers to the variance of latency over time,
and is measured by the average deviation from the mean latency of the network. More generally,
jitter measures the consistency of the broadband connection.
Figure 7a shows the average jitter rankings for the 40 IBDR countries. Many countries
saw increases in jitter between 2011 and 2013, including the United States. The United States
ranked 35th (of 40 countries) in 2013, compared to 27th (of 38 countries) in 2012 and 22nd (of 35
countries) in 2011. In addition to rank, jitter increased over this period as well, increasing from
29.77 ms in 2011 to 31.44 ms in 2012, and to 39.41 ms in 2013. Estonia and Belgium
experienced the largest increases in jitter in 2012, while Mexico and Lithuania both improved
their rankings. In 2013, the United States showed the second greatest increase in jitter (7.97 ms)
behind India (17.71 ms), while Portugal displayed the greatest decrease at -8.71 ms. Complete
data can be found in Appendix F Table 8a.
19
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Figure 7a
Average (Weighted) Jitter Rankings, 2011-2013
65
Average (Weighted) Jitter (ms)
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
Korea
Greece
Germany
Bulgaria
New Zealand
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Austria
Italy
Portugal
Switzerland
Netherlands
Hungary
Lithuania
Turkey
Spain
Hong Kong
Japan
Finland
Denmark
Ireland
Brazil
Slovenia
Iceland
Poland
Norway
Belgium
Israel
Australia
United Kingdom
Sweden
France
Mexico
Canada
United States
Estonia
Chile
Singapore
India
Luxembourg
2011
2012
2013
the Third IBDR. Iceland and Japan were new additions in 2013. Data drawn on Dec. 6, 2012 and Dec. 16,
2013.
Figure 7b compares U.S. states with the IBDR countries; the top and bottom quartiles
from 2012 and 2013 are displayed. In 2012, eight states appeared in the top quartile, compared to
10 states in 2011. There were three states in the top quartile in 2013. The number of states in the
bottom quartile increased from eight to 10 in 2012, and many of these states were new to the
bottom quartile. There were again 10 states in the bottom quartile in 2013. New Jersey saw a
large change in 2012, decreasing from 74.40 ms to 33.93 ms. In 2013, Wisconsin and Alabama
saw large changes, with Wisconsin increasing from 22.54 ms to 59.37 ms and Alabama
increasing from 24.56 ms to 63.24 ms. Data for IBDR countries and all states for which Ookla
collected data are presented in Appendix F Table 8b.
20
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Average (Weighted) Jitter (Ms)
60
50
40
30
20
10
Switzerland
Arkansas
70
Arkansas
Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Greece
Finland
Korea
Korea
Wisconsin
Greece
Missouri
New Jersey
New Zealand
Slovakia
Colorado
Hungary
Czech Republic
New Zealand
Italy
Germany
Germany
Italy
Oregon
Mexico
Virginia
Brazil
Alabama
Florida
Florida
Lithuania
Ireland
France
New Jersey
California
Belgium
Chile
Ohio
Idaho
New York
Canada
India
Singapore
Idaho
Belgium
Louisiana
Louisiana
Chile
New York
France
Michigan
Singapore
Sweden
California
Ohio
Canada
Massachusetts
Kansas
Wisconsin
Maryland
Kansas
Tennessee
Alabama
Estonia
Massachusetts
Figure 7b
Country and US StateAverage Weighted Jitter Rankings
2012
2013
Note: 2013 data not available for Maine, Arizona, South Carolina, Nebraska, Portugal, and Luxembourg;
2012 data not available for Connecticut or District of Columbia. Brazil and India were not comparison
countries in the Third IBDR. Data drawn on Dec. 6, 2012 and Dec. 16, 2013.
Figure 7c compares U.S. states with the IBDR countries and displays the top and bottom
quartiles from 2011 and 2012. Twelve states appear in the top quartile compared to 10 states in
the previous year. The number of states in the bottom quartile remains at 8, although many of the
states in this quartile have changed. Similar to the latency data, New Jersey and Idaho have
substantial changes from 2011 to 2012, with Idaho increasing from 25.82 ms to 84.32 ms and
New Jersey decreasing from 74.40 ms to 15.77 ms. Data for all U.S. states and IBDR countries is
available in Appendix F Table 8b.
21
Figure 7c
Country and US State Average (Weighted) Jitter Rankings, 2011 and
2012
(Top and Bottom Quartiles)
Average (Weighted) Jitter (ms)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
Arkansas
New Jersey
Maine
Arizona
South Carolina
Bulgaria
Nebraska
Lithuania
Greece
Virginia
Korea
Minnesota
Colorado
Wisconsin
Tennessee
New Zealand
Oregon
Czech Republic
Washington
Ireland
Portugal
New York
Louisiana
India
Kansas
Chile
Belgium
France
Singapore
California
Canada
Maryland
Estonia
Massachusetts
Luxembourg
90
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Idaho
10
0
2012
2011
the Third IBDR.
c.
Packet Loss
When packets of data traveling across the network fail to reach their destination, the
phenomenon is termed packet loss. Packet loss can occur because of network congestion, signal
degradation, faulty network drivers or networking hardware, and the distance between the origin
of the transmitted data and the destination. When packet loss occurs due to these reasons, it can
be used as a quality loss metric. In some cases, however, packet loss may be intentional, and
intended to slow down specific services. Therefore, packet loss statistics, while still useful in
measuring connection reliability, are imperfect.
Figure 8a shows the average weighted percent packet loss from 2011-2013 for the 40
IBDR countries. Packet loss decreased for most countries in 2012, including the United States.
In 2012, packet loss in the United States was 2.22 percent, down from 3.40 percent in 2011. The
countries with the greatest improvement (fewer packets lost) in 2012 were Austria and Ireland,
while Brazil saw the largest increase in percent packet loss. Packet loss decreased again for the
United States in 2013. The United States saw its ranking improve from 22nd (of 38 countries) to
fifth (of 40 countries), reflecting a 0.83 percentage point decrease in percent packet loss (to 1.39
percent). The countries with the greatest improvement in 2013 were Estonia and Finland, while
Ireland experienced the largest increase in percent packet loss. Complete data can be found in
Appendix F Table 9a.
22
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Figure 9a
Country Average (Weighted) Packet Loss Rankings, 2011 - 2013
10
8
6
4
2
0
Korea
Hong Kong
Iceland
Lithuania
United States
Slovenia
Slovakia
Denmark
Chile
Japan
Israel
Switzerland
Canada
Norway
Italy
Singapore
Poland
India
Netherlands
United Kingdom
France
Estonia
Austria
Czech Republic
Australia
Germany
Sweden
Portugal
Spain
Luxembourg
New Zealand
Brazil
Mexico
Bulgaria
Hungary
Belgium
Turkey
Ireland
Finland
Greece
Average (weighted) Percent Packet Loss
12
2011
2012
2013
the Third IBDR. Iceland and Japan were new additions in 2013. Data drawn on Dec. 6, 2012 and Dec. 16,
2013.
In Figure 8b, U.S. states are compared to the IBDR countries. In Figure 8b, we plot the
top and bottom quartiles of average (weighted) percent packet loss for countries and U.S. states
for 2012 and 2013. Idaho saw substantial improvement in 2012 with fewer packet losses and
joined six other states in the top quartile, one more than the previous year. The number of U.S.
states in the bottom quartile increased as well, rising from five to six in 2012. The number of
states in the top quartile remained[ at seven in 2013, while the number of states in the bottom
quartile returned to five. Of the U.S. States, Alabama made the greatest improvement in 2013,
moving from 5.45 percent packet loss to 0.20 percent packet loss. Data for IBDR countries and
all states which reported data are presented in Appendix F Table 9b.
23
0
Korea
New Jersey
Sweden
Lithuania
Kentucky
Slovenia
Hong Kong
Slovakia
Denmark
Idaho
Oregon
California
United Kingdom
Ohio
Michigan
France
Georgia
Australia
Kansas
Texas
Netherlands
Germany
Hungary
Czech Republic
Texas
Spain
Virginia
Louisiana
Missouri
Turkey
Mexico
Tennessee
Czech Republic
Maryland
Brazil
Finland
Estonia
Hungary
Turkey
Belgium
Alabama
Brazil
Greece
2012
Alabama
Kentucky
Arkansas
Switzerland
Slovakia
Lithuania
Ohio
Hong Kong
Sweden
Korea
Slovenia
Austria
Virginia
Indiana
Michigan
10
9
Greece
Finland
Average (Weighted) Percent Packet Loss
24
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Figure 8b
Country and US State Average Weighted Packet Loss Rankings
2013
Note: 2013 Quality data was not available for Arizona, Iowa, Israel, Luxembourg, Main, Nebraska,
Portugal, and South Carolina. Brazil and India were not comparison countries in the Third IBDR. Data
drawn on Dec. 6, 2012 and Dec. 16, 2013.
DA 15-132
SPEED DATA TABLES
Appendix F Table 1a
Average (Weighted) Actual Download Speeds (2012-2013): All Available Data
Country
Lithuania
Korea
Hong Kong
Singapore
Luxembourg
Sweden
Netherlands
Bulgaria
Japan
Iceland
Portugal
Switzerland
Denmark
Belgium
Norway
Czech Republic
Finland
Slovakia
Estonia
Germany
Hungary
United Kingdom
France
Austria
United States
Canada
Spain
Ireland
Poland
Slovenia
Australia
Israel
New Zealand
Chile
Brazil
Turkey
Greece
Mexico
2012 Data
Average Download
Speed (Mbps)
35.42
33.63
29.73
29.51
27.59
27.58
27.31
25.64
24.27
23.86
22.42
21.79
20.54
19.4
18.84
18.82
18.38
17.87
17.59
17.5
17.41
16.87
15.71
15.22
14.5
13.88
13
11.93
11.81
11.57
11.39
10.16
10.07
8.61
6.8
6.38
6.07
5.98
Rank
Country
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Luxembourg
Singapore
Lithuania
Sweden
Korea
Japan
Netherlands
Switzerland
Hong Kong
Iceland
Finland
Denmark
Bulgaria
Belgium
Portugal
Norway
France
Estonia
UK
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Hungary
Austria
Germany
Ireland
United States
Canada
Spain
Israel
Poland
Slovenia
New Zealand
Australia
Mexico
Chile
Brazil
Turkey
Greece
25
2013 Data
Average Download
Speed (Mbps)
42.97
42.52
41.72
39.85
39.28
37.42
37.02
36.01
35.85
33.97
30.56
30.45
27.78
26.04
25.86
24.08
23.66
23.40
23.29
23.18
23.05
22.32
22.19
21.73
19.28
18.67
18.06
17.43
17.19
15.35
15.00
14.53
13.51
10.16
10.13
8.35
8.34
7.53
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

Italy
India
5.6
2.27
39
40
Italy
India
6.87
3.33
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39
40
Appendix F Table 1b
Median (Weighted) Download Speed (2012): All Available Data Above 4 Mbps
Country
Singapore
Switzerland
Japan
Netherlands
Lithuania
Finland
Sweden
Korea
Iceland
Luxembourg
Denmark
Bulgaria
Hong Kong
Portugal
Belgium
Austria
Slovakia
Norway
Hungary
United Kingdom
Ireland
Germany
Czech Republic
France
Estonia
United States
Canada
Poland
Spain
Israel
Slovenia
New Zealand
Mexico
Australia
Chile
Turkey
Brazil
Greece
2013 Median Download

Speed (Mbps)
41.06
38.63
37.57
36.93
36.34
35.56
35.46
35.30
34.77
34.77
29.89
29.61
28.52
28.04
25.92
25.53
24.74
23.98
22.45
22.35
22.24
21.85
21.61
20.69
19.56
18.43
18.34
16.51
16.06
15.76
14.02
12.97
11.79
11.19
10.09
9.28
8.50
7.49
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Country
Singapore
Switzerland
Japan
Netherlands
Lithuania
Finland
Sweden
Korea
Iceland
Luxembourg
Denmark
Bulgaria
Hong Kong
Portugal
Belgium
Austria
Slovakia
Norway
Hungary
United Kingdom
Ireland
Germany
Czech Republic
France
Estonia
United States
Canada
Poland
Spain
Israel
Slovenia
New Zealand
Mexico
Australia
Chile
Turkey
Brazil
Greece
26
2012 Median Download

Speed (Mbps)
29.7
20.71
21.8
26.33
35.48
18.13
25.44
34.51
22.96
27.05
20.07
25.18
43.44
25.78
19.56
18.07
19.68
19.25
18.18
17.86
14.23
16.86
19.33
16.99
14.81
14.35
13.87
13.15
13.53
9.76
12.47
9.94
7.62
11.13
8.73
7.13
7.81
6.15
2012
Rank
4
12
11
6
2
19
8
3
10
5
13
9
1
7
15
20
14
17
18
21
26
23
16
22
24
25
27
29
28
33
30
32
36
31
34
37
35
38

Italy
India
6.17
2.90
39
40
Italy
India
5.61
4.23
Appendix F Table 1c
Percent Change in Average (Weighted) Download Speed, 2012-2013
Country
Hong Kong
Mexico
Israel
Switzerland
Japan
Ireland
Finland
France
Luxembourg
Denmark
India
Austria
Iceland
New Zealand
Sweden
Singapore
Belgium
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Spain
Turkey
Canada
Slovenia
Slovakia
Estonia
United States
Norway
Hungary
Czech Republic
Poland
Greece
Germany
Brazil
Italy
Lithuania
Chile
Australia
Upper Bound
89.5
74.1
74.1
65.1
66.7
65.4
61.5
51.8
56.8
51.3
48.8
48.3
59.4
53.0
45.1
60.9
41.1
37.6
36.3
34.9
33.2
32.1
33.7
32.9
34.5
28.8
29.7
28.5
27.5
26.6
25.2
24.2
24.2
21.7
22.3
22.3
19.0
Lower Bound
76.1
70.1
65.0
59.1
53.5
53.2
55.5
48.7
40.0
45.2
43.4
43.5
32.3
37.2
39.3
19.9
38.2
35.3
34.4
30.5
28.7
29.3
26.5
25.8
24.1
27.9
25.7
23.9
22.4
22.9
21.5
22.2
22.0
20.5
13.2
12.5
14.7
27
Percent Change
82.8
72.1
69.5
62.1
60.1
59.3
58.5
50.3
48.4
48.2
46.1
45.9
45.9
45.1
42.2
40.4
39.6
36.5
35.4
32.7
31.0
30.7
30.1
29.4
29.3
28.3
27.7
26.2
24.9
24.7
23.4
23.2
23.1
21.1
17.7
17.4
16.9
DA 15-132
39
40

Portugal
Korea
Bulgaria
16.6
14.5
10.7
12.3
9.4
7.0
28
14.5
11.9
8.8
DA 15-132
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 2
Average (Weighted) Download Speeds (2012-2013):
Non-US Capital Cities & US State Capitals and Washington, D.C.
Country
Lithuania
France
Singapore
Luxembourg
Korea
Switzerland
Japan
Iceland
Finland
Netherlands
Bulgaria
Hong Kong
Sweden
Portugal
Denmark
United States
United States
Norway
United States
United States
Austria
Slovakia
United States
Hungary
Czech Republic
United States
United States
Estonia
United States
Spain
Ireland
United States
Germany
United Kingdom
United States
Canada
United States
United States
United States
City
Vilnius
Paris
Singapore
Luxemburg
Seoul
Bern
Tokyo
Reykjavk
Helsinki
Amsterdam
Sofia
Hong Kong
Stockholm
Lisbon
Copenhagen
Dover
Trenton
Oslo
Annapolis
Bismarck
Vienna
Bratislava
Olympia
Budapest
Prague
Harrisburg
Richmond
Tallinn
Salem
Madrid
Dublin
Carson City
Berlin
London
Phoenix
Ottawa
Providence
Concord
Tallahassee
2013 Average
Download Speed
(Mbps)
50.73
44.86
42.52
39.48
39.44
37.39
37.09
34.75
34.71
33.51
32.80
32.56
31.93
31.21
31.11
31.08
30.85
28.56
28.12
27.83
27.83
26.46
26.45
24.29
24.27
23.81
23.80
23.00
22.78
22.62
22.43
22.17
22.12
21.69
21.45
21.34
21.32
21.31
20.67
29
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
2012 Average
Download Speed
(Mbps)
39.80
29.82
29.66
22.00
33.24
22.07
20.49
24.64
24.45
25.08
31.75
26.81
24.63
25.35
20.80
22.83
21.95
20.67
20.89
21.90
18.14
19.51
19.07
18.72
19.12
18.15
18.59
17.31
15.72
14.41
13.43
22.35
19.53
16.61
14.76
14.04
15.85
16.64
17.18
2012
Rank
1
4
5
15
2
14
21
9
11
8
3
6
10
7
19
12
16
20
18
17
30
23
25
26
24
29
28
31
39
44
49
13
22
34
42
47
37
33
32
Country
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
New Zealand
United States
United States
United States
Poland
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
Belgium
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
Slovenia
United States
United States
United States
Australia
United States
Israel
United States
Mexico
United States
United States
United States
United States
Chile
City
Saint Paul
Nashville
Madison
Santa Fe
Baton Rouge
Atlanta
Montgomery
Salt Lake City
Denver
Pierre
DC
Washington, D.C.
Wellington
Jefferson City
Springfield
Hartford
Warsaw
Boston
Lansing
Albany
Jackson
Austin
Brussels
Indianapolis
Sacramento
Little Rock
Oklahoma City
Des Moines
Honolulu
Raleigh
Ljubljana
Columbus
Topeka
Boise
Canberra
Columbia
Jerusalem
Augusta
Mexico
Charleston
Cheyenne
Helena
Lincoln
Santiago
2013 Average
Download Speed
(Mbps)
20.35
19.89
19.76
19.72
19.24
19.04
18.82
18.31
18.22
17.85
17.76
17.76
17.63
17.17
16.99
16.97
16.73
16.35
16.00
15.91
15.83
15.45
15.38
15.33
15.29
15.16
15.02
14.69
14.46
14.35
14.34
14.10
14.04
13.91
13.88
13.75
13.64
13.60
13.20
12.41
11.90
10.99
10.96
10.61
30
2013
Rank
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
2012 Average
Download Speed
(Mbps)
16.10
15.25
15.67
10.20
14.46
13.21
16.60
14.15
12.54
18.63
11.50
11.48
12.62
15.82
12.83
11.38
12.06
10.46
12.07
14.38
11.70
13.49
11.88
11.51
10.85
10.91
12.70
11.73
12.01
12.72
12.68
11.59
11.27
10.57
7.26
11.76
8.63
13.02
7.65
8.31
11.91
8.67
9.72
8.68
DA 15-132
2012
Rank
36
41
40
76
43
50
35
46
57
27
68
69
56
38
52
70
59
75
58
45
65
48
62
67
73
72
54
64
60
53
55
66
71
74
85
63
80
51
83
81
61
79
77
78
Country
Brazil
United States
Turkey
United States
Greece
Italy
India
City
Braslia
Montpelier
Ankara
Frankfort
Athens
Rome
New Delhi
2013 Average
Download Speed
(Mbps)
10.15
10.15
9.49
8.60
7.59
7.30
3.02
31
2013
Rank
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
2012 Average
Download Speed
(Mbps)
8.26
7.10
6.72
7.41
6.23
6.03
2.46
DA 15-132
2012
Rank
82
86
87
84
88
89
90
Appendix F Table 3a
Population Strata for Non-US Cities (2011-2013)
(Based on City Population and Ookla Data)
Strata
Very Small Cities
Less than 25,000 inhabitants
Small Cities
Greater than or equal to 25,000, but
less than 50,000 inhabitants
Medium Cities
Large Cities
Greater than 100,000 inhabitants
Total
No. of Cities in Stratum

9,700
Proportion (%)
57.3%
2,704
16.0%
3,441
20.3%
1,085
6.4%
16,930
Appendix F Table 3b
Population Strata for Non-US Cities (2011-2013)
(Based on City Population and Ookla Data)
Strata
Very Small Cities
Less than 25,000 inhabitants
Small Cities
Medium Cities
Large Cities
Greater than 100,000 inhabitants
Total
No. of Cities in Stratum

911
Proportion (%)
34.9%
916
35.1%
500
19.2%
283
10.8%
2,610
32
DA 15-132
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 3c
Average (Weighted) Download Speeds by Country (2012)
(Based on stratified sampling)
Country
Luxembourg
Singapore
Sweden
Korea
Switzerland
Netherlands
Japan
Hong Kong
Belgium
Denmark
Lithuania
Finland
Portugal
Bulgaria
Iceland
United Kingdom
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Estonia
Germany
Norway
Hungary
France
Canada
United States
Israel
Ireland
Poland
Austria
Spain
Australia
Slovenia
New Zealand
Chile
Brazil
Italy
Turkey
Mexico
India
Greece
2013 Average (Weighted)

Download Speed (Mbps)
47.32
42.52
41.53
39.43
38.70
38.54
37.13
35.75
30.42
30.29
28.35
27.57
26.08
24.40
22.83
22.39
22.18
21.91
21.70
21.30
20.89
20.44
19.60
19.58
19.55
19.11
18.37
18.14
16.95
15.59
13.77
12.74
12.53
9.36
8.76
6.83
3.80
3.22
2.74
33
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
N/A
2012 Average (Weighted)

24.43
29.51
29.26
32.68
22.54
27.03
28.37
29.64
20.91
21.21
32.90
15.95
22.74
22.50
19.78
15.77
17.99
16.70
16.32
15.17
16.38
15.98
15.11
15.06
14.70
10.67
10.17
13.27
11.53
12.62
14.97
12.67
8.29
7.89
6.85
5.53
3.47
3.27
2.52
6.48
2012
Rank
8
4
5
2
10
7
6
3
13
12
1
20
9
11
14
21
15
16
18
22
17
19
23
24
26
31
32
27
30
29
25
28
33
34
35
37
38
39
40
36
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 3d
Average (Weighted) Download Speed by US States and International Countries:
2012-2013, Based on stratified sampling using 2011 cities
Country
Luxembourg
Singapore
Sweden
Korea
Switzerland
Netherlands
Japan
Hong Kong
Belgium
Denmark
Lithuania
Finland
Delaware
Portugal
New Jersey
Maryland
Bulgaria
Virginia
Rhode Island
Massachusetts
Utah
Iceland
Washington
United Kingdom
Czech Republic
Arizona
Slovakia
Florida
Estonia
Nevada
New York
Germany
Minnesota
New Hampshire
Norway
Kansas
Oregon
South Dakota
Hungary
Connecticut
Pennsylvania
2013 Average Weighted

47.32
42.52
41.53
39.43
38.70
38.54
37.13
35.75
30.42
30.29
28.35
27.57
26.54
26.08
26.06
25.68
24.40
23.60
23.50
23.31
22.91
22.83
22.75
22.39
22.18
22.16
21.91
21.88
21.70
21.54
21.41
21.30
21.25
21.12
20.89
20.81
20.73
20.61
20.44
20.37
20.04
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
34

24.43
29.51
29.26
32.68
22.54
27.03
28.37
29.64
20.91
21.21
32.90
15.95
19.77
22.74
19.44
19.12
22.50
17.64
17.64
18.73
15.97
19.78
16.06
15.77
17.99
14.95
16.70
16.51
16.32
15.98
15.86
15.17
17.52
16.08
16.38
13.38
15.71
19.49
15.98
16.01
14.70
2012
Rank
8
4
5
2
10
7
6
3
13
12
1
35
15
9
17
18
11
21
22
19
34
14
30
37
20
46
24
26
28
33
36
41
23
29
27
57
38
16
32
31
47
Country
Colorado
France
Canada
Michigan
North Dakota
Israel
Tennessee
Illinois
Ireland
Indiana
Poland
Nebraska
California
Vermont
Georgia
New Mexico
Louisiana
Wisconsin
Austria
South Carolina
West Virginia
Alabama
Missouri
Iowa
Hawaii
Arkansas
Spain
Mississippi
Texas
North Carolina
Idaho
Oklahoma
Ohio
Australia
Slovenia
Maine
New Zealand
Kentucky
Wyoming
Montana
Chile
Brazil
Alaska
Italy
Turkey

19.77
19.60
19.58
19.52
19.20
19.11
19.08
18.73
18.37
18.16
18.14
18.07
18.03
17.70
17.46
17.37
17.24
16.96
16.95
16.81
16.74
16.70
16.67
16.63
16.04
15.78
15.59
15.59
14.74
14.65
14.50
14.12
14.00
13.77
12.74
12.62
12.53
11.63
11.21
10.07
9.36
8.76
8.07
6.83
3.80
2013
Rank
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
35

14.06
15.11
15.06
14.42
16.61
10.67
15.39
13.87
10.17
13.56
13.27
12.89
14.44
11.65
14.42
11.77
13.40
15.13
11.53
14.25
11.02
15.45
11.49
12.75
13.66
13.09
12.62
11.60
12.11
13.06
9.74
11.56
11.46
14.97
12.67
10.55
8.29
10.90
9.69
9.82
7.89
6.85
5.87
5.53
3.47
DA 15-132
2012
Rank
52
43
44
50
25
75
40
53
77
55
58
61
48
67
49
66
56
42
70
51
73
39
71
62
54
59
64
68
65
60
79
69
72
45
63
76
81
74
80
78
82
83
84
85
86
Country
Mexico
India

3.22
2.74
2013
Rank
87
88

3.27
2.52
DA 15-132
2012
Rank
87
88
Appendix F Table 4a
Average Download Speed (2012-2013) in Very Small Cities for a Country/State
Country
Luxembourg
Sweden
Japan
Switzerland
Netherlands
Hong Kong
Korea
Lithuania
Denmark
Delaware
Belgium
Maryland
New Jersey
Portugal
Massachusetts
Bulgaria
Virginia
Finland
Arizona
Florida
Pennsylvania
Czech Republic
Utah
Estonia
Oregon
Nebraska
Nevada
Germany
Washington
Iceland
Rhode Island
New Hampshire
Minnesota
Norway
France
Poland
Canada
Illinois
2013
Download
Speed (Mbps)
47.3
39.8
37.7
37.1
37.0
34.0
33.7
31.6
30.3
30.1
29.5
28.9
27.9
26.0
25.8
25.7
25.0
24.6
24.1
22.8
22.4
22.0
21.9
21.7
21.5
21.4
21.3
21.0
21.0
20.9
20.6
20.3
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.0
19.7
2012 Download
Speed (Mbps)
24.4
27.7
25.5
23.9
25.9
28.6
30.9
27.9
21.8
22.0
20.5
21.0
20.1
23.2
20.4
23.8
18.8
15.5
16.2
16.8
17.6
17.5
16.9
16.3
17.7
16.6
16.2
14.3
15.7
17.3
15.9
17.4
17.5
15.9
13.4
12.0
15.4
14.8
36
Country
Israel
Alabama
Slovakia
South Carolina
Georgia
Indiana
Missouri
California
South Dakota
Idaho
Michigan
Kansas
Hungary
Austria
Hawaii
Vermont
Wisconsin
Spain
Oklahoma
Mississippi
Colorado
North Carolina
Texas
Slovenia
West Virginia
Maine
Australia
Ohio
Kentucky
Iowa
North Dakota
Arkansas
Ireland
Montana
Chile
Wyoming
Brazil
Alaska
2013
Download
Speed (Mbps)
19.1
18.8
18.7
18.3
18.3
17.9
17.8
17.7
17.5
17.4
17.2
17.2
17.1
16.9
16.9
16.8
16.6
15.4
15.3
15.3
15.1
15.1
14.8
14.3
14.1
14.0
13.7
13.4
12.8
12.4
11.5
11.0
10.9
10.3
9.9
8.9
8.8
5.9
2012
Download
Speed (Mbps)
10.7
18.3
16.2
17.9
14.2
13.6
12.6
15.6
16.0
6.7
12.4
14.1
11.7
11.5
14.7
12.5
16.4
12.5
13.2
11.2
12.7
14.6
12.5
12.7
9.8
12.2
14.9
11.7
11.1
10.7
10.3
10.0
6.5
10.3
8.4
7.1
6.8
4.6

Connecticut
Louisiana
New York
Tennessee
19.7
19.4
19.3
19.2
15.3
15.2
15.2
16.2
Mexico
Turkey
India
37
3.2
3.0
2.8
DA 15-132
3.2
3.1
2.5
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 4b
Average Download Speed (2012-2013) in Small Cities for a Country/State
Country
Lithuania
Switzerland
Netherlands
Sweden
Belgium
Delaware
Denmark
Portugal
Ireland
New Jersey
Rhode Island
South Dakota
Iceland
Massachusetts
Maryland
Virginia
North Dakota
Connecticut
Washington
Slovakia
Utah
Hungary
New York
Finland
New Hampshire
Czech Republic
Oregon
Bulgaria
Germany
Minnesota
Michigan
Arizona
Tennessee
Florida
Colorado
Wisconsin
2013
Download
Speed (Mbps)
44.5
42.3
40.8
38.9
38.8
29.0
27.5
27.3
27.2
26.7
26.3
26.0
25.5
24.9
24.3
23.7
23.6
23.5
23.4
22.9
22.5
22.4
22.3
21.9
21.5
21.3
21.1
20.5
20.5
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.0
19.7
18.9
18.8
2012
Download
Speed (Mbps)
33.7
27.3
28.8
30.6
25.7
21.1
18.0
22.1
15.9
19.8
19.9
24.0
23.2
19.1
17.6
17.5
21.0
18.7
17.5
17.5
15.7
18.5
18.9
13.1
14.4
17.3
15.6
20.7
15.3
17.9
15.9
13.8
16.3
15.7
14.5
15.7
38
Country
Pennsylvania
West Virginia
Indiana
Illinois
California
Iowa
Georgia
Vermont
Mississippi
Kansas
South Carolina
Louisiana
Missouri
Arkansas
Poland
Hawaii
Spain
North Carolina
Alabama
Texas
Ohio
Idaho
Kentucky
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Nebraska
Wyoming
Maine
Montana
France
Australia
Alaska
Nevada
Turkey
Chile
2013
Download
Speed (Mbps)
18.8
18.8
18.3
18.3
18.2
18.0
17.4
16.9
16.7
16.7
16.3
16.1
15.8
15.7
15.6
15.2
15.0
14.6
14.6
14.4
13.6
13.0
13.0
12.6
12.3
12.1
11.8
11.2
9.5
8.3
6.3
5.6
4.3
3.8
2.2
2012
Download
Speed (Mbps)
14.2
14.2
13.7
13.9
14.5
14.5
13.9
11.0
12.6
12.8
14.5
13.8
13.3
13.2
13.9
12.1
11.9
12.6
11.8
11.3
11.3
9.5
10.8
9.1
9.4
11.3
10.1
8.6
9.0
6.4
17.0
4.3
3.5
4.4
2.4
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 4c
Average Download Speed (2012-2013) in Medium Cities for a Country/State
Country
Hong Kong
Sweden
Netherlands
Switzerland
Germany
Portugal
Hungary
Slovakia
North Dakota
Maryland
New Jersey
Bulgaria
Massachusetts
Finland
Delaware
New Hampshire
United Kingdom
Utah
Japan
Rhode Island
Arizona
New York
Colorado
Washington
Florida
Minnesota
Oregon
South Dakota
Connecticut
Czech Republic
Alabama
Virginia
2013
Download
Speed (Mbps)
59.1
48.5
43.1
36.2
34.4
29.8
27.4
27.1
26.5
26.4
25.4
25.1
24.8
24.6
23.7
23.2
23.1
23.1
23.1
22.9
22.7
22.3
22.3
22.2
22.1
21.3
20.8
20.6
20.5
20.1
19.6
19.4
2012
Download
Speed (Mbps)
38.0
34.4
31.7
25.3
18.3
24.2
20.9
16.4
23.2
19.9
19.5
22.8
18.8
14.6
18.4
17.9
15.8
17.0
25.2
17.8
14.3
19.2
16.3
16.6
17.6
17.1
15.5
20.2
15.7
15.7
16.9
13.4
Country
Tennessee
Pennsylvania
Indiana
Arkansas
Illinois
Spain
Michigan
Georgia
Kansas
California
Louisiana
New Mexico
Missouri
Iowa
Nevada
Idaho
Texas
North Carolina
South Carolina
Wisconsin
Ohio
Mississippi
Poland
Oklahoma
Maine
New Zealand
Montana
Wyoming
Kentucky
France
Italy
Turkey
*Vermont Not Included
39
2013
Download
Speed (Mbps)
19.0
18.5
18.5
18.1
18.0
17.5
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.1
16.7
16.6
16.5
16.3
15.9
15.4
15.1
15.0
14.7
14.6
14.5
14.3
14.0
13.9
12.8
12.5
11.0
10.9
8.1
7.3
6.8
4.2
2012
Download
Speed (Mbps)
15.5
13.6
14.8
14.9
12.9
16.8
14.5
15.4
15.3
13.1
11.0
12.0
13.3
12.7
15.6
10.1
12.0
13.4
11.0
14.6
12.5
10.7
10.4
11.1
11.9
8.3
9.2
10.4
9.4
6.8
5.5
3.5
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 4d
Average Download Speed (2012-2013) in Large Cities for a Country/State
Country
Hong Kong
Sweden
Korea
Japan
Finland
Lithuania
France
Switzerland
Denmark
Maryland
Utah
Hungary
Czech Republic
Bulgaria
Virginia
Florida
Norway
New Jersey
Portugal
Washington
Kansas
Arizona
Nebraska
Nevada
South Dakota
Massachusetts
Poland
Germany
Michigan
Colorado
New York
Pennsylvania
2013
Download
Speed (Mbps)
47.8
42.3
39.6
38.8
36.1
34.6
34.0
32.2
30.6
28.6
26.2
26.0
26.0
25.3
24.5
24.1
23.8
23.8
23.2
22.9
22.8
22.5
22.2
22.1
21.7
21.0
21.0
20.7
20.1
20.1
19.9
19.6
2012
Download
Speed (Mbps)
34.8
31.4
33.1
32.1
17.5
35.4
19.5
15.0
19.8
21.6
13.7
23.2
22.4
22.0
18.2
16.0
18.3
17.9
20.7
15.3
13.0
15.3
13.4
16.3
20.3
15.5
16.7
19.2
14.3
13.8
14.5
14.1
Country
Connecticut
California
Tennessee
Oregon
New Mexico
Georgia
Illinois
Alabama
Missouri
Louisiana
Canada
North Dakota
South Carolina
New Hampshire
Iowa
Indiana
Oklahoma
Spain
North Carolina
Texas
Ohio
Wisconsin
Vermont
West Virginia
Rhode Island
Montana
Kentucky
Alaska
Chile
Arkansas
India
40
2013
Download
Speed (Mbps)
19.5
18.9
18.7
18.7
18.7
18.1
17.8
16.8
16.3
16.2
15.8
15.7
15.3
15.1
15.1
14.6
14.5
14.4
13.9
13.6
13.5
12.7
12.5
11.9
11.2
9.2
9.2
8.7
8.2
3.7
1.8
2012 Download
Speed (Mbps)
14.3
15.6
14.5
13.5
12.3
14.2
13.6
14.6
10.7
12.0
12.2
12.6
12.4
11.8
12.0
11.1
12.3
11.7
12.3
11.5
11.0
11.0
10.4
8.1
6.1
11.1
7.8
6.3
6.7
3.4
1.6
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 5
Shortfall Index (%), 2011-2013
Median Shortfall
Median Shortfall
Median Shortfall
Country
2011
2012
2013
Hungary
1.36
-0.45
-0.99
Lithuania
1.02
0.23
1.15
Slovakia
0.41
0.44
1.28
Israel
0.45
0.77
2.00
Switzerland
3.24
2.72
2.46
Brazil
5.13
4.92
3.98
Chile
4.99
3.56
4.05
Slovenia
3.66
3.93
4.05
Poland
2.62
3.29
4.75
Bulgaria
4.41
4.22
5.12
Czech Republic
6.97
5.55
5.64
Norway
5.06
4.99
5.74
United States
6.80
6.89
7.15
Canada
11.72
11.43
7.20
Estonia
6.93
8.39
7.50
Denmark
11.73
11.02
7.82
Mexico
13.77
12.44
8.38
Finland
14.17
13.39
13.37
Sweden
17.75
14.22
13.99
Singapore
17.15
17.20
14.28
Turkey
14.87
14.62
14.52
Hong Kong
14.14
14.96
14.77
Luxembourg
18.10
13.83
15.06
Germany
18.19
20.06
18.51
Spain
16.93
17.57
19.22
India
16.79
18.43
19.60
Portugal
19.20
17.25
19.83
New Zealand
28.79
23.91
20.79
Belgium
18.17
20.23
22.47
Netherlands
16.41
17.25
23.23
United Kingdom
32.83
26.62
24.59
Iceland
29.34
31.88
25.02
Austria
22.26
22.98
25.12
Ireland
24.03
28.03
33.79
Italy
31.81
33.42
34.85
Australia
37.87
36.14
36.11
France
40.57
39.54
38.99
Greece
55.77
55.93
55.75
41
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 6
Ookla Actual and Advertised Average Download Speeds, 2011-2013
Country
Hong Kong
Luxembourg
Singapore
Sweden
Japan
Korea
Netherlands
Switzerland
Lithuania
Belgium
Denmark
Iceland
Bulgaria
Portugal
Finland
Estonia
Czech Republic
Norway
Israel
United Kingdom
Hungary
Germany
Slovakia
United States
Ireland
Slovenia
Spain
Australia
Canada
Austria
France
New Zealand
Poland
Chile
Greece
Turkey
Mexico
Italy
Brazil
India
2013
Actual
Advertised
51.0
59.9
42.8
50.4
42.0
49.0
40.1
46.6
39.7
38.5
36.6
47.7
36.1
37.1
33.9
34.3
31.8
41.0
28.0
30.4
27.0
36.1
24.1
25.4
23.7
29.5
22.4
25.9
21.9
23.7
20.8
22.0
20.3
21.5
19.8
20.2
19.5
25.8
18.5
18.3
18.5
22.7
18.3
18.6
17.9
19.3
15.5
23.4
15.4
16.1
14.9
18.5
14.4
22.6
14.1
15.2
13.7
18.2
13.3
21.7
13.2
16.7
12.8
13.4
7.5
7.8
6.9
15.7
6.6
7.7
5.8
6.3
5.5
8.4
5.0
5.2
2.2
2.7
2012
Actual
Advertised
39.3
46.1
25.3
29.4
29.7
35.9
28.5
33.3
32.2
33.6
26.5
32.0
23.6
24.2
31.7
31.7
22.1
27.7
19.7
22.2
19.7
29.0
21.7
22.6
20.2
24.4
13.1
15.1
16.9
18.5
16.9
17.9
16.5
17.4
10.7
10.8
13.2
18.1
13.9
13.9
14.6
18.3
15.0
15.0
14.4
15.5
9.7
13.4
9.7
10.1
11.9
14.4
12.2
19.2
11.2
12.7
9.8
12.7
10.1
16.8
9.3
12.2
9.7
10.1
6.7
6.9
5.5
12.5
5.0
5.9
3.9
4.4
4.8
7.3
4.2
4.4
1.7
2.1
42
2011
Actual
Advertised
35.1
41.0
11.3
14.3
17.3
21.0
27.9
33.4
22.5
30.7
23.6
28.0
21.0
21.7
29.2
29.5
19.1
23.0
18.8
21.2
15.9
22.2
19.2
20.1
13.7
16.8
10.7
12.4
14.8
15.9
14.9
16.1
12.2
12.8
7.0
7.0
8.8
12.5
11.6
11.6
13.3
16.4
13.7
13.7
11.9
12.8
6.4
8.4
8.0
8.3
10.9
13.2
9.9
16.0
10.1
11.5
8.1
10.8
9.7
16.1
7.8
10.7
7.4
7.6
5.2
5.4
5.3
12.0
4.7
5.5
2.9
3.4
4.5
6.6
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 7a
Average (Weighted) Latency by Country (2012-2013)
Country
Korea
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Switzerland
Portugal
Slovakia
Iceland
Hungary
Lithuania
Netherlands
Hong Kong
Austria
New Zealand
Norway
Germany
Belgium
United Kingdom
Denmark
Finland
Greece
Poland
Italy
Ireland
Brazil
Turkey
Chile
United States
Japan
Israel
Sweden
Australia
Slovenia
Canada
Singapore
Spain
France
Estonia
Mexico
India
Luxembourg
2013
Latency (Ms)
45.54
47.22
50.45
55.92
55.96
56.50
57.75
58.55
59.31
61.12
63.24
63.36
64.65
66.01
66.75
66.97
68.05
70.91
73.07
73.45
73.53
75.21
75.49
75.68
75.82
76.15
80.33
80.96
81.76
81.93
82.60
85.48
86.03
86.75
87.79
95.65
99.31
109.70
114.83
118.71
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
43
2012
Latency (Ms)
46.53
40.77
49.74
72.43
65.44
60.93
57.97
60.59
73.04
58.18
66.88
64.01
66.71
73.51
69.12
64.15
70.27
60.90
70.10
74.06
73.94
84.75
67.52
83.52
77.97
75.49
91.48
75.15
81.93
91.17
91.94
76.94
84.40
100.88
99.99
82.28
97.39
118.71
2012
Rank
2
1
3
18
11
8
N/A
4
6
19
5
13
9
12
20
15
10
17
7
16
22
21
31
14
29
26
24
N/A
33
23
27
32
34
25
30
37
36
28
35
38
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 7b
Average (Weighted) Latency by US States and International Countries (2012-2013)
Country
Bulgaria
New Jersey
Korea
Finland
Arkansas
Czech Republic
Switzerland
Hungary
Slovakia
Virginia
Austria
Tennessee
Mexico
Denmark
Georgia
Oklahoma
Florida
Indiana
Nevada
New Zealand
Ireland
Hong Kong
Lithuania
Greece
Illinois
United Kingdom
Texas
Italy
Brazil
Poland
North Carolina
Pennsylvania
Norway
Maryland
Singapore
Oregon
Estonia
Kentucky
Slovenia
Minnesota
Netherlands
Colorado
2013
Latency (Ms)
37.94
37.96
44.26
46.64
49.57
52.48
55.86
56.92
57.00
57.54
59.49
60.94
60.97
63.29
63.31
63.46
64.65
64.92
65.57
65.78
69.06
69.57
69.82
70.04
70.58
70.72
72.50
73.37
75.13
75.59
75.78
75.89
76.47
76.62
78.73
79.16
79.54
79.90
81.80
82.04
83.41
84.00
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Country
Arkansas
Bulgaria
Korea
Virginia
Czech Republic
Florida
Alabama
Hungary
Wisconsin
Georgia
Finland
Lithuania
Slovakia
Hong Kong
New Zealand
United Kingdom
Missouri
Oklahoma
Indiana
Colorado
Norway
Nevada
Austria
Texas
Brazil
Oregon
Illinois
Belgium
Denmark
Greece
Switzerland
Louisiana
Netherlands
Kentucky
Italy
Germany
North Carolina
Poland
Washington
Sweden
Chile
Singapore
44
2012
Latency (Ms)
36.79
41.80
46.02
48.60
50.02
56.66
56.78
57.56
58.68
59.12
59.50
60.26
61.02
61.37
63.37
63.54
64.22
64.40
64.55
65.81
66.15
66.72
67.31
68.28
68.42
69.13
69.57
69.79
70.34
71.04
72.72
73.30
73.43
73.63
74.15
74.26
74.58
74.84
75.23
75.38
75.40
76.93
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Country
Washington
Chile
Germany
New York
Spain
Australia
California
Missouri
Louisiana
Sweden
Belgium
Kansas
Canada
Wisconsin
India
France
Turkey
Idaho
Ohio
Massachusetts
Michigan
Alabama
2013
Latency (Ms)
84.57
84.79
84.90
85.46
87.22
89.17
89.62
90.75
91.66
91.72
92.10
92.85
93.91
96.17
100.37
103.27
113.52
114.64
130.43
136.87
159.45
185.32
2013
Rank
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
Country
Minnesota
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
New York
Tennessee
Mexico
Australia
Ohio
California
Spain
Ireland
Turkey
Canada
Slovenia
Michigan
Kansas
India
Estonia
France
Idaho
Massachusetts
Maryland
45
2012
Latency (Ms)
77.54
78.37
78.83
79.02
79.32
80.67
82.27
83.15
84.10
85.57
85.58
86.00
91.19
91.83
94.87
95.27
96.33
99.63
99.71
102.48
115.41
129.21
DA 15-132
2012
Rank
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 8a
Average (Weighted) Jitter by Country (2012-2013)
Country
Korea
Greece
Germany
Bulgaria
New Zealand
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Austria
Italy
Portugal
Switzerland
Netherlands
Hungary
Lithuania
Turkey
Spain
Hong Kong
Japan
Finland
Denmark
Ireland
Brazil
Slovenia
Iceland
Poland
Norway
Belgium
Israel
Australia
United Kingdom
Sweden
France
Mexico
Canada
United States
Estonia
Chile
Singapore
India
Luxembourg
2013
Jitter (Ms)
20.67
21.12
21.35
21.64
21.84
22.72
23.39
24.17
24.34
25.10
25.22
25.39
25.48
25.76
26.62
27.05
27.34
27.53
27.67
28.61
29.21
29.46
30.24
30.62
30.68
31.13
31.37
31.93
32.45
33.22
34.21
36.50
37.48
38.37
39.41
39.55
39.58
41.78
53.67
60.01
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
46
2012
Jitter (Ms)
21.86
20.75
23.83
18.40
23.00
24.98
23.57
25.19
24.14
33.32
32.15
31.92
25.60
19.80
28.24
28.97
25.47
2012
Rank
4
3
7
1
5
10
6
11
8
29
26
25
13
2
15
17
12
N/A
29.24
26.54
33.46
24.77
29.84
18
14
31
9
19
N/A
31.61
28.66
31.80
31.18
33.20
33.33
31.10
38.86
30.11
41.25
32.55
47.10
39.18
38.01
36.67
60.01
23
16
24
22
28
30
21
34
20
36
27
37
35
33
32
38
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 8b
Average (Weighted) Jitter by US States and International Countries (2012-2013)
Country
Switzerland
Arkansas
Bulgaria
Finland
Korea
Greece
New Jersey
Slovakia
Hungary
New Zealand
Germany
Italy
Mexico
Brazil
Florida
Lithuania
Hong Kong
Virginia
Czech Republic
Ireland
Spain
Estonia
North Carolina
Minnesota
Nevada
Slovenia
Missouri
Poland
Austria
Georgia
Tennessee
United Kingdom
Turkey
Oregon
Texas
Colorado
Netherlands
Norway
Denmark
Australia
Maryland
Oklahoma
2013
Jitter (Ms)
11.38
11.48
19.74
20.07
21.57
23.10
23.61
23.80
26.07
26.78
26.93
26.95
27.28
27.40
27.84
27.85
28.36
28.44
29.58
29.68
30.47
30.67
31.33
31.35
31.51
31.72
31.83
32.39
32.90
33.08
33.41
33.50
33.87
34.02
34.52
34.92
35.72
35.79
36.43
38.27
38.37
38.46
2013
Rank
Country
Arkansas
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Greece
Korea
Wisconsin
Missouri
New Zealand
Colorado
Czech Republic
Italy
Germany
Oregon
Virginia
Alabama
Florida
Oklahoma
Slovakia
Brazil
Kentucky
Austria
Hungary
Indiana
Minnesota
Nevada
Denmark
Hong Kong
Finland
Norway
Georgia
Texas
Turkey
Spain
Slovenia
Mexico
Pennsylvania
North Carolina
Sweden
United Kingdom
Poland
Netherlands
Switzerland
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
47
2012
Jitter (Ms)
15.59
18.80
19.90
20.74
21.15
22.54
22.73
22.82
23.33
23.83
24.17
24.22
24.38
24.46
24.56
24.57
25.02
25.09
25.24
25.47
25.52
25.62
25.67
26.16
26.35
26.76
26.95
27.74
28.35
28.58
28.85
29.11
29.15
29.18
29.94
30.82
31.12
31.24
31.48
31.72
32.06
32.13
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Country
Pennsylvania
Kentucky
Washington
Indiana
India
Illinois
France
California
Chile
Idaho
Canada
Singapore
Belgium
Louisiana
New York
Michigan
Sweden
Ohio
Massachusetts
Wisconsin
Kansas
Alabama
2013
Jitter (Ms)
38.48
38.66
39.60
40.44
42.05
42.80
43.42
45.47
45.83
46.68
47.43
47.63
49.00
51.24
51.42
54.89
55.44
56.20
57.26
59.37
59.57
63.24
2013
Rank
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
Country
Washington
Michigan
Australia
Illinois
Ireland
New Jersey
Belgium
Ohio
New York
India
Idaho
Louisiana
Chile
France
Singapore
California
Canada
Kansas
Maryland
Tennessee
Estonia
Massachusetts
48
2012
Jitter (Ms)
32.69
32.94
33.12
33.15
33.80
33.93
34.28
34.66
35.69
36.23
36.55
36.79
37.50
37.59
38.15
38.81
40.95
41.49
43.68
44.79
46.47
47.60
DA 15-132
2012
Rank
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 9a
Average (Weighted) Percent Packet Loss by Country (2012-2013)
Country
Korea
Hong Kong
Iceland
Lithuania
United States
Slovenia
Slovakia
Denmark
Chile
Japan
Israel
Switzerland
Canada
Norway
Italy
Singapore
Poland
India
Netherlands
United Kingdom
France
Estonia
Austria
Czech Republic
Australia
Germany
Sweden
Portugal
Spain
Luxembourg
New Zealand
Brazil
Mexico
Bulgaria
Hungary
Belgium
Turkey
Ireland
Finland
Greece
2013 Percent
Packet Loss
0.93
1.04
1.26
1.33
1.39
1.44
1.58
1.72
1.79
1.80
1.83
1.86
1.95
2.12
2.27
2.42
2.42
2.48
2.55
2.62
2.76
2.82
2.90
3.03
3.05
3.14
3.25
3.49
3.68
3.75
3.84
3.88
3.91
4.24
4.25
4.49
6.08
6.97
7.13
10.07
2013 Ranking
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
2012 Percent
Packet Loss
0.62
1.03
0.89
2.22
1.06
0.94
1.10
2.12
0.90
1.62
1.56
1.53
1.80
1.97
2.06
1.81
3.40
1.47
2.46
4.50
1.88
3.87
2.46
2.64
0.79
3.47
2.27
3.75
2.10
4.23
3.81
1.64
3.21
2.12
4.43
1.52
8.73
8.03
49
2012 Ranking
1
6
N/A
3
23
7
5
8
21
N/A
4
13
12
11
15
18
19
16
29
9
25
36
17
33
26
27
2
30
24
31
20
34
32
14
28
22
35
10
38
37
DA 15-132
Appendix F Table 9b
Average (Weighted) Percent Packet Loss by US States and International Countries (20122013)
Country
Alabama
Kentucky
Arkansas
Switzerland
Slovakia
Lithuania
Ohio
Hong Kong
Sweden
Korea
Slovenia
Austria
Virginia
Indiana
Michigan
Georgia
Massachusetts
Minnesota
Pennsylvania
Washington
California
Estonia
Colorado
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Denmark
Italy
Wisconsin
Norway
New Jersey
Oregon
Idaho
Missouri
Illinois
Poland
Nevada
New Zealand
Netherlands
India
New York
Kansas
2013 Percent
Packet Loss
0.20
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.44
0.44
0.46
0.69
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.86
0.87
0.92
0.94
0.95
0.99
1.02
1.05
1.05
1.10
1.12
1.13
1.13
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.22
1.23
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.28
1.29
1.33
1.36
1.48
1.54
1.58
1.64
1.66
2013
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Country
Korea
New Jersey
Sweden
Lithuania
Slovakia
Hong Kong
Slovenia
Denmark
Idaho
Oregon
Kentucky
California
United Kingdom
Ireland
Norway
Maryland
Canada
Illinois
Switzerland
Bulgaria
Washington
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Michigan
Arkansas
Minnesota
Italy
India
Austria
Massachusetts
Oklahoma
Singapore
Wisconsin
Poland
New Zealand
Chile
Belgium
Nevada
Virginia
Colorado
Spain
50
2012 Percent
Packet Loss
0.62
0.73
0.79
0.89
0.94
1.03
1.06
1.10
1.24
1.45
1.45
1.45
1.47
1.52
1.53
1.55
1.56
1.58
1.62
1.64
1.65
1.66
1.66
1.68
1.68
1.79
1.80
1.81
1.88
1.90
1.96
1.97
2.01
2.06
2.10
2.12
2.12
2.14
2.19
2.24
2.27
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Country
Oklahoma
Ireland
Florida
North Carolina
Singapore
Mexico
Canada
Chile
France
Australia
Texas
Germany
Czech Republic
Spain
Louisiana
Turkey
Tennessee
Maryland
Finland
Hungary
Belgium
Brazil
Greece
2013 Percent
Packet Loss
1.75
1.81
1.82
1.86
1.89
1.96
2.01
2.04
2.06
2.06
2.09
2.16
2.48
2.52
2.70
2.73
2.87
3.17
3.32
3.82
5.37
5.38
6.92
2013
Rank
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
Country
France
Australia
Tennessee
Louisiana
Florida
Germany
North Carolina
Indiana
Missouri
Georgia
Hungary
New York
Netherlands
Texas
Kansas
Mexico
Czech Republic
Brazil
Turkey
Estonia
Alabama
Greece
Finland
51
2012 Percent
Packet Loss
2.46
2.46
2.52
2.52
2.63
2.64
2.67
2.70
2.87
3.07
3.21
3.38
3.40
3.54
3.68
3.81
3.87
4.23
4.43
4.50
5.35
8.03
8.73
DA 15-132
2012
Rank
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
DA 15-132
Appendix G
Broadband Deployment (European Union (EU) countries)
In both the United States and the EU, governments are tracking broadband deployment,
especially in rural areas.1 Generally, rural areas lag slightly in the deployment of basic
broadband; however, that gap widens for high-speed broadband.2 In this Report, we compare
broadband deployment in the United States and Europe and find that high-speed broadband, as
defined below, is more widely deployed in the United States. According to data from both 2011
and 2012, the broadband coverage gap between rural and non-rural areas remains larger across
Europe than it is in the United States. In the European study, high-speed broadband was available
to 54 percent of all households at the end of 2012, but only 12 percent of rural households with
a gap of 42 percentage points.3 In contrast, high-speed broadband coverage in the United States
in 2012 was higher overall than in the European study countries, and there was a smaller gap
between rural coverage and total coverage. High-speed broadband was deployed to 80 percent of
all US households, and 45 percent of rural households for a gap of 35 percentage points.4 The
differences in coverage in rural and non-rural areas are even larger. Between December 2011 and
December 2012, the high-speed broadband coverage gap in the United States between rural and
non-rural households dropped from 46 to 42 percentage points. In Europe, the gap over the same
time period rose from 47 to 49 percentage points as coverage in non-rural areas increased by
more than it did in rural areas.
EC Broadband Study. Like the United States, the EU is tracking its progress in extending
broadband coverage to all of its citizens.5 The EUs Digital Agenda includes two objectives:
provide all EU citizens with basic broadband coverage (at least 144 kbps download speed)6 by the
end of 2013 and Next Generation Access, meaning broadband speeds of at least 30 Mbps by
2020 (referred to herein as high-speed broadband).7
1
The OECD has not updated its deployment (or coverage) data in several years. See
http://www.oecd.org/sti/broadband/oecdbroadbandportal.htm (e.g., DSL and fiber coverage data are current
as of 2009).
2
For purposes of this discussion, basic broadband in the United States is service with download speeds of
at least 200 kbps, and in Europe it is service with download speeds of at least 144 kbps.
3
The EC study defines high-speed as 30 Mbps and above. In this Report, we use 25 Mbps and above as
high-speed for the United States, the closest tier to ECs high-speed definition for which we have mapping
data.
4
A recent University of Pennsylvania study made similar findings, Christopher S. Yoo, U.S. vs. European
Broadband Deployment: What Do the Data Say? U. of Penn, Inst. For Law & Econ, Research Paper No.
14-35. Prof. Yoo submitted this study as part of his comments on the 10th Broadband Progress NOI. See
Prof. Yoo comments.
5
See 2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 6, Section I (broadband is not being deployed in a
reasonable and timely fashion because it is not yet available to the majority of rural and Tribal Americans
and not becoming available quickly enough.).
6
The EU Digital Agenda does not define basic broadband per se but relies on country-specific
availability and averages. VDSL, the dominant delivery method across the EU, generally delivers faster
speeds, but the generally accepted lowest speed for the Digital Agenda is 2 Mbps down/256 kbps up. This
speed is now considered the floor for very basic broadband. An EU study of the state of EU broadband
in 2011 (cited in note 8 below) defines basic broadband as at least 144 kbps down.
7
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic
and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions A Digital Agenda for Europe, 2010, available at
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2010:0245:FIN:EN:PDF.
DA 15-132
In 2012, the EC issued a report entitled, Broadband Coverage in Europe in 2011:

Mapping Progress Towards the Coverage Objectives of the Digital Agenda.8 The 2011
European study provides a measure of progress towards Europes broadband coverage objectives
in the study countries. Of particular value, the 2011 European study includes data at a subnational level corresponding to counties, departments, or provinces.9 These sub-national data
are helpful to determine broadband capability in international communities comparable to U.S.
communities with respect to population size, population density, topography, and demographic
profile.10 In 2013, the EU released an update of its broadband coverage study with 2012 data and
redid the study of the 2011 data, including an additional country and a new definition of rural.11
The European studies show that, by the end of 2011, basic broadband reached 96 percent of
European study country households, and high-speed broadband reached just over 50 percent of
those homes. By the end of 2012, basic broadband covered more than 99 percent of study
country homes, and NGA/High-Speed broadband reached 54 percent.
Not surprisingly, broadband coverage lags for inhabitants of rural areas.12 At the end of
2011, in Europes study country rural areas, basic broadband (144 kbps for the purposes of the
study) coverage reached 80 percent of households, while high-speed broadband (30 Mbps) was
reached only 9 percent of the households.13 By the end of 2012, those numbers had increased to
83 percent and 12 percent, respectively. To reach the EUs 2020 goal, the EU study concludes
that considerable investment in rural areas will still be necessary.14
Comparison to the United States. In the United States, different statistics are collected,
but general comparisons can still be made.15 The European study, discussed above, focuses on
Broadband Coverage in Europe in 2011: Mapping Progress Towards the Coverage Objectives of the
Digital Agenda, Research Report prepared for the European Commission DG Communications Networks,
Content & Technology, European Union, 2012, available at
http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/newsroom/cf/document.cfm?doc_id=1102 (2011 European
study). As of the writing of this IBDR, the EU has not yet reported 2013 data.
9
The population of these sub-national areas (called NUTS-3 level units) range from 150,000 to 800,000.
10
47 U.S.C. 1303(b)(2).
11
Broadband Coverage in Europe in 2012: Mapping Progress Towards the Coverage Objectives of the
Digital Agenda, A Study prepared for the European Commission DG Communications Networks, Content
& Technology, European Union, 2013, available at
http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/newsroom/cf/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=3647.
12
In the EUs 27 countries, 24% of the population lives in NUTS-3 regions classified as "predominantly
rural," according to Europa statistics. According to U.S. census block data, the U.S. rural share of the
population is similar: 19.3% of the U.S. population lives in rural areas.
13
Statistics for 2011 are from the 2013 report. A redefinition of rural in the 2013 report caused a
revision of the statistics for 2011.
14
See map of European coverage on page 18 of the European study.
15
Because the European data in its study was from December 2011 and 2012, we also use U.S. data from
December 2011 and 2012 for comparison. The U.S. data for December 2011 and December 2012
discussed here is the same broadband mapping deployment data the Commission relied on in the 2015
Broadband Progress Report to present December 2011-2012 fixed deployment trends. 2015 Broadband
Progress Report at para. 79, Section IV.C.1. However, the Commission presented estimates for different
speed tiers (3 Mbps/768 kbps, 10 Mbps/768 kbps, and 25 Mbps/3 Mbps).
DA 15-132
the NUTS-3 geographical category with the population ranging from 150,000 to 800,000.16
NUTS-3 is a political/bureaucratic jurisdiction that is a subdivision of NUTS-2. NUTS-2 is
similar to U.S. states. In our comparative analysis below, we used counties as the U.S.
counterpart of NUTS-3 areas. There are 3,234 counties in the United States.17 The basic unit of
analysis in the U.S. data is the census block. In our maps, we aggregate census block data to the
county level, which more closely match the level of aggregation for the European study. Because
the European study used households as the unit for measuring coverage, we do the same in our
comparison.18
The 2013 European study uses a new rural database for both 2011 and 2012, in which
areas with populations of less than 100 per square kilometer were considered rural.19 Of the study
country households, 15 percent were rural. A previous study of 2011 data used a different
definition of rural. In this Report, we use the data from the 2013 European study to do our
comparison.
For the U.S. data, we use the Census Bureaus determination of rural, which identifies
each Census block as rural or non-rural.20 We use this definition in our online National
Broadband Map, and also our Connect America Fund work.21 Each county is made up of
multiple census blocks. We can therefore determine, for each county, the rural population with
and without broadband deployment.
For purposes of the comparison, we consider any service above 200 kbps in the United
States as basic broadband, because that is the speed tier in SBI data22 which most closely matches
16
There are 1303 NUTS-3 regions in Europe, and 3,221 counties in the United States. Only 351 U.S.
counties fall within the NUTS-3 population range of 150,000 to 800,000. Most of the U.S. population lives
in the 69 counties that exceed the NUTS-3 range. The remaining approximately 2,800 U.S. counties have
populations of less than 150,000. The four least populous U.S. states (plus DC) fall within the NUTS-3
population range.
17
The variation in population of counties varies widely outside the domain of the NUTS-3 general
guidelines for counties (minimum population is 4, maximum population is nearly 10 million, and average
population is about 100,000 with a standard deviation of over 300,000).
18
Our broadband mapping data, available to the public online, has information at both household and
population levels. See http://broadbandmap.gov/.
19
In 2011, the EC released a study using December 2011 data. That study did not have complete data on
rural coverage for all of the study countries, so the study authors estimated rural coverage in some cases.
The study also used various definitions for rural. This problem was remedied in the European study of
2012 data, which re-calculated the results of the 2011 data using the new definition of rural.
20
Rural areas are those that are not within a densely developed territory which has at least 2,500 people.
See: http://www.census.gov/geo/reference/gtc/gtc_urbanrural.html.
21
See www.broadbandmap.gov and also www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/connecting-america.
22
Since July 2009, the National Telecommunications & Information Administration (NTIA), in
coordination with the Commission, has been collecting data concerning where broadband is deployed
across the nation as part of the State Broadband Initiative (SBI) Grant Program. See Department of
Commerce, NTIA, State Broadband Data and Development Grant Program, Docket No. 0660-ZA29,
Notice of Funds Availability, 74 Fed. Reg. 32545 (July 8, 2009) (NTIA State Mapping NOFA),
http://www.ntia.doc.gov/files/ntia/publications/fr_broadbandmappingnofa_090708.pdf. For purposes of
this Report, we call this data SBI Data.
DA 15-132
the 144 kbps threshold in the European study.23 For high-speed broadband, we use the SBI speed
data for 25 Mbps, which most closely matches the 30 Mbps threshold in the European study.24
Despite this difference, we think the comparison remains apt. Nearly all the households captured
at this tier of service in our mapping data have access to DOCSIS 3.0 or fiber, both of which are
able to provide speeds well in excess of 25 Mbps.25
Total and Rural Household Broadband Coverage. In the United States, at the end of
2011, 97 percent of all households were covered by basic broadband of 200 kbps or greater. In
contrast, 89 percent of rural households were covered by basic broadband. By the end of 2012,
basic broadband was available to 97 percent of households overall, and 89 percent of rural
households in the United States. Comparisons to the European data are captured in the table
below.
2011 Broadband Coverage, All Households
100
96
97
72
80
50
60
40
Europe
US
20
0
Basic 2011
High Speed 2011
As of December 2011, 72 percent of U.S. households nationwide, compared to 50 percent

of households in the European study countries had high-speed broadband coverage (25 Mbps in
the United States and 30 Mbps in the European study countries).
23
We note that in the 2015 Broadband Progress Report for purposes of its section 1302(b) obligation, the
Commission considered advanced telecommunications capability as 25 Mbps download and 3 Mbps
upload. 2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 3, Section I; 47 U.S.C. 1302(b). We use the term
basic broadband here when referring to access speeds above 200 kbps merely for convenience. The
European study identifies 144 kbps as the basic broadband threshold, and 200 kbps is the closest tier for
which we have data to compare. See Department of Commerce, NTIA, State Broadband Data and
Development Grant Program, Docket No. 0660-ZA29, Notice of Funds Availability, 74 Fed. Reg. 32545,
32559 (July 8, 2009),
http://www.ntia.doc.gov/files/ntia/publications/fr_broadbandmappingnofa_090708.pdf.
24
Moreover, Chairman Wheeler has said that a 25 Mbps connection is fast becoming table stakes in 21st
century communications and that today about 80 percent of American homes have access to a broadband
connection that delivers 25 Mbps or better, Prepared Remarks of FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler, The
Facts and Future of Broadband Competition, 1776 Headquarters, Washington, D.C., September 4, 2014,
available at https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-329161A1.pdf .
25
See http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/case-studies/mission-possibleevolutionary-approach-to-docsis-whitepaper.pdf (accessed June 5, 2013).
DA 15-132
2012 Broadband Coverage, All Households
99
100
98
80
80
54
60
Europe
40
US
20
0
Basic 2012
High Speed 2012
In 2012, high-speed broadband coverage expanded to 80 percent of U.S. households and

54 percent in the European study countries.
2011 Broadband Coverage, Rural Households
100
80
80
89
60
35
40
Europe
US
20
0
Basic 2011
High Speed 2011
The chart above shows that the United States and European study countries have similar
challenges: rural coverage of high-speed broadband lags national and regional coverage. At the
end of 2011, 80 percent of rural European study country households and 89 percent of U.S. rural
households had basic broadband. At the end of 2011, 9 percent of European study country rural
households, but 35 percent of rural households in the United States had high-speed broadband
coverage.
DA 15-132
2012 Broadband Coverage, Rural Households
100
83
89
80
60
45
40
12
20
Europe
US
0
Basic 2012
High Speed 2012
In 2012, we observe an increase in coverage, but rural coverage is still low in both
regions. In the European study countries, 83 percent of rural households had basic broadband
coverage and 12 percent of these households had high-speed coverage. In the United States, 89
percent of rural households had basic broadband coverage, while 45 percent of rural households
had high-speed broadband coverage.
While both the European study countries and the United States have rural high-speed
broadband coverage gaps, by the end of 2011, the United States had a much higher level of highspeed broadband coverage in rural areas four times the European level. In 2012, high-speed
broadband coverage in the United States remained nearly four times the European level (45
percent in the United States and 12 percent in Europe).
Rural and Non Rural Household Broadband Coverage. The charts above report the
data set by the European study in comparing rural household coverage to total household
coverage, which includes all households, including those in rural areas. But this comparison
understates the gap in broadband coverage in rural areas. If we compare household coverage in
rural areas to non-rural areas, we observe wider gaps between these areas. In Europe in
December 2011, basic broadband was deployed to virtually all non-rural households, but only 80
percent of rural households, resulting in a gap of nearly 20 percentage points. In the United
States, basic broadband was deployed to over 99 percent of all non-rural households, but only 89
percent of rural households, resulting in a gap of nearly 11 percentage points.26 Thus, as of the
end of 2011, the United States had a gap in serving rural and non-rural households with basic
broadband that was just over half the size of Europes.
A similar pattern emerged in 2012. In Europe, by December 2012, the study countries
had closed the gap between rural and non-rural areas for basic broadband to 17 percentage points,
as coverage in rural areas had risen to 83 percent. In the United States, the gap for basic
broadband the gap narrowed slightly, with coverage rising from 88.7 to 89 percent of rural
households, and rising to nearly 100 percent for non-rural households, for a gap of just over 10
percentage points.
26
We derived non-rural household coverage for the United States and Europe from the reported percentage
of households that are rural and the percentages of broadband coverage for rural households and total
households.
DA 15-132
Between December 2011 and December 2012, Europes high-speed broadband coverage
grew from 55 to 61 percent for non-rural households and from 8 to 12 percent for rural
households. The gap between non-rural and rural thus increased from 47 percentage points in
2011 to 49 percentage points in 2012.
Between December 2011 and December 2012, high-speed broadband coverage in the
United States increased from 81 to 89 percent for non-rural households and from 35 to 45 percent
for rural households. The gap between non-rural and rural fell slightly from 46 percentage points
to 44 percentage points. Although the gap between rural and non-rural high-speed coverage is
only a bit smaller in the United States than it is in Europe, the absolute level of coverage of highspeed broadband is much higher in the United States in both rural and non-rural areas, and the
United States is making slightly increased progress in closing the urban-rural gap for NGA/HighSpeed broadband.
Broadband Coverage: Rural vs Non-Rural
80
100
89
97
83
55
60
45
35
12
US - High 2011
Rural
US - Basic 2011
Europe - High 2011
Europe - Basic 2012
Europe - Basic 2011
Europe - High 2012
20
89
61
40
0
81
100
89
US - High 2012
80
98
US - Basic 2012
100
Non-Rural
Total High-Speed Broadband Coverage by Country. The bar graphs 1 and 2 below
illustrate the status of total high-speed broadband coverage in the European study countries and
the United States in the years 2011 and 2012.27 In 2011, with an overall 72 percent high-speed
broadband coverage, the United States ranks higher than 24 of the European study countries. In
2012, with an overall 80 percent high-speed broadband coverage, the United States ranks higher
than 25 of the European study countries.
27
The European study countries included the then current 27 countries of the European Union (EU27):
Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), Bulgaria (BG), Cyprus (CY), Czech Republic (CZ), Denmark (DK), Estonia
(EE), Finland (FI), France (FR), Germany(DE), Greece (GR), Hungary (HU), Ireland (IE), Italy (IT),
Latvia (LV), Lithuania (LT), Luxembourg (LU), Malta (MT), Netherlands (NL), Poland (PL), Portugal
(PT), Romania (RO), Slovakia (SK), Slovenia (SI), Spain (ES), Sweden (SE) and the United Kingdom
(UK). For both 2011 and 2012, the European data includes three additional countries: Iceland (IS),
Norway (NO) and Switzerland (CH). For 2012, Croatia (HR), which joined the EU on July 1, 2013, was
also included.
DA 15-132
Graph 1: Total high-speed broadband coverage by country, December 2011
MT
NE
BE
CH
LU
PT
US
NO
LV
AT
FI
DE
SI
LT
DK
BG
UK
RO
ES
SE
HU
EE
EU27+3
EU27
SK
IS
CZ
PL
IE
FR
IT
GR
CY
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Graph 2: Total high-speed broadband coverage by country, December 2012
MT
NE
BE
CH
LU
US
LT
LV
PT
NO
CY
DK
UK
AT
DE
FI
SI
ES
RO
EE
BG
HU
SE
EU27+4
IS
EU27
SK
CZ
PL
IE
FR
GR
HR
IT
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Rural High-Speed Broadband Coverage by Country. Similarly, the European study

includes data for 2011 and 2012 on the status of rural high-speed broadband coverage by country.
The bar graphs 3 and 4 below illustrate the status of rural high-speed broadband coverage across
the European study countries and the Unites States. Only four European countries (Malta,
Poland, Belgium and Cyprus) had higher rural high-speed broadband coverage than the United
States in 2011, and six European countries had higher rural high-speed broadband coverage than
the United States (Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and Cyprus) in 2012.
Graph 3. Rural high speed coverage by country, December 2011
MT
P0
BE
CY
US
SK
LU
SI
EE
PT
AT
EU27+3
EU27
NL
GR
ES
HU
IE
UK
NO
FR
RO
BG
CZ
DK
FI
DE
IS
IT
LV
LT
SE
CH
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
DA 15-132
Graph 4. Rural high speed coverage by country, December 2012
LU
MT
NL
BE
CH
CY
US
LT
PT
DE
RO
LV
NO
UK
AT
EU27+4
EU
ES
HU
FI
SE
DK
CZ
IE
P0
FR
BG
HR
EE
GR
IS
IT
SK
SI
100.0%
90.0%
80.0%
70.0%
60.0%
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
6.
Broadband Coverage by Technology
The European study breaks down broadband into several categories: DSL, VDSL, FTTP,
WiMAX, Standard Cable, DOCSIS 3 Cable, HSPA, LTE and satellite. We have U.S. data on
similar categories. For basic broadband, Europe relies more heavily on DSL, while most U.S.
homes have both DSL and cable technologies available to them. For high-speed broadband, cable
is deployed to more U.S. households than any other technology.
Graph 5: Coverage by Technology, 2011
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
Europe
20%
US
10%
0%
DA 15-132
Graph 6: High Speed and Standard Coverage by Technology, 2012

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
Europe
20%
US
10%
0%
7.
Broadband Coverage Maps
The European study includes maps showing the status of basic and high-speed broadband
coverage across the study countries as of December 2012. 28 The EU maps below are similar to
the U.S. maps and can be used to visualize the distribution of basic broadband and high-speed
broadband coverage around the United States, compared to Europe. These maps reflect data as of
the end of 2012. Current U.S. maps can be found at the FCCs broadband map website:
broadbandmap.gov.
28
See page 21 of European study.
10

Standard Fixed Broadband Coverage Maps December 2012
11
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12
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13
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High-Speed Broadband Coverage Maps 2012 Data
14
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15
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High-Speed Broadband Coverage
16
DA 15-132

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Federal Communications Commission

GN Docket No. 14-126

Released: February 4, 2015

By the Chief, International Bureau:

See 47 U.S.C. 1303(b).

Federal Communications Commission

Federal Communications Commission

Inquiry Concerning the Deployment of Advanced Telecommunications Capability to All Americans in a

Federal Communications Commission

Cf. 2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 65, Section IV.A.

See Appendix F for our discussion of the speed data.

For further discussion of PPP, see Appendix C.

Federal Communications Commission

Fixed Broadband Coverage (European Union (EU) countries)

Federal Communications Commission

See http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/case-studies/mission-possible-evolutionaryapproach-to-docsis-whitepaper.pdf (accessed June 5, 2013).

See EU study, p. 12.

Federal Communications Commission

speed broadband coverage expanded to 80 percent of all U.S. households.

Broadband Subscription (OECD Countries)

See 2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 3.

OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (Dec. 2012 and 2013).

Federal Communications Commission

(wired) subscriptions in 2012).38

Fixed Broadband Speeds

OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(1) (Dec. 2012 and 2013).

We reproduce the OECDs most recent broadband subscription rankings in Appendix E.

OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(1) (Dec. 2012 and 2013).

Id. Last year the United States ranked 15th in FTTH.

OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (December 2013).

OECD Broadband Portal, Table 1(d)(2) (June 2012).

See Section III.E., para. 54, infra.

BDIA 103(b); 47 U.S.C. 1303(b).

Federal Communications Commission

2015 Broadband Progress Report, para. 3.

Federal Communications Commission

Broadband Pricing Plans

See 47 U.S.C. 1303(b)(1).

Federal Communications Commission

plans for year 2013.63

Federal Communications Commission

See http://www.netindex.com/value for more information.

Federal Communications Commission

Federal Communications Commission

GB in 2012 and again in 2013 at 75 GB.

Other Relevant Information and International Developments

2015 Broadband Progress Report at para. 3.

Federal Communications Commission

Federal Communications Commission

Federal Communications Commission

Telegeography Research: Wireless Subscribers by Region, available at

CTIA Mobile Sector Snapshot, Nov. 2013, http://blog.ctia.org/2013/11/13/mobile-sector-snapshot/.

Federal Communications Commission

2014 Cisco VNI.

See 2014 Cisco VNI.

See 2014 Cisco VNI.

GSMA REPORT: http://www.gsmamobileeconomy.com/GSMA_ME_Report_2014_R_NewCover.pdf, at p. 14.

See 2014 Cisco VNI.

Federal Communications Commission

third place with 2.7 percent share).116

2014 Sandvine Report, p. 5

2014 Sandvine Report, pp. 11, 24.