Ethyl Additives

Intro A/w 5/2/00 3:00 PM Page 1
Ethyl Corporation develops,

manufactures, blends and delivers
leading-edge additive technology for
fuels and lubricants around the world.
Our products and services provide
the chemistry that makes fuels burn
cleaner, engines run smoother,
and machines last longer.
Specification
Handbook
Viscosity
Crankcase
Driveline
Industrial
Tractor
Engine Tests
Rig Tests
Ethyl Euro-tech Centre

London Road Bracknell
Berkshire RG12 2UW
United Kingdom
Ethyl Corporation
P.O.Box 2189
330 South 4th Street
Richmond
VA 23218-2189
U.S.A.
www.ethyl.com
Introduction 5/2/00 3:01 PM Page 1
Introduction
Since 1921, Ethyl Corporation has provided additive chemistry solutions to

enhance the performance of petroleum products. Ethyl additives help lubricants
protect engines and other moving parts from wear, deposits, corrosion, water
and high operating temperatures. Ethyl lubricant additives are used in oils,
fluids and greases around the world to meet the most stringent oil industry,
government and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) specifications.
This handbook, compiled by Ethyl, aims to provide a single source

for summaries of the most widely used specifications for crankcase,
drivetrain, industrial and tractor oils, together with the associated bench,
rig and engine test procedures.
Ethyl hope you find this handbook a useful reference tool and source
of information. If you require further information about our products
and services please contact your local Ethyl representative.
The information in this handbook is to our best knowledge true and accurate, but all
recommendations or suggestions are made without guarantee, since the conditions
of use are beyond our control. Ethyl disclaims any liability incurred in connection with
the use of this data or suggestions. Furthermore, nothing contained therein shall be
construed as a recommendation to use any product in conflict with existing patents
covering any materials or its use.
Offices Page 5/2/00 3:03 PM Page 1
Offices
Regional Offices
Bracknell
Richmond
Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Ltd.
330 South Fourth Street
London Road, Bracknell
PO Box 2189
Berkshire RG12 2UW, England
Richmond, VA 23218-2189, USA
Phone: 44-1344-304141
Phone: 804-788-5000
Fax: 44-1344-420666
Fax: 804-788-5688
Singapore
Tokyo
Ethyl Asia Pacific Company
Ethyl Japan Corporation
111 Somerset Road #13-03
19F Shiroyama Hills, 4-chrome-3-1
Singapore 238164
Toranomon, Minato-ku
Phone: 65-732-0822
Tokyo 105-6019, Japan
Fax: 65-737-4123
Phone: 81-3-5401-3234
Fax: 81-3-5401-3368
European Sales Offices

Bracknell
Brussels
Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Ltd.
Ethyl Europe, S.A
London Road, Bracknell
Woluwe Garden, Woluwedal 26
Berkshire RG12 2UW, England
1932 St. Stevens Woluwe, Belgium
Phone: 44-1344-304141
Phone: 32-2-715-2211
Fax: 44-1344-420666
Fax: 32-2-715-2210
Hamburg
Paris
Ethyl Mineraloel-Additive GmbH
Succursale dEthyl Europe SA
Oberstrasse 14B
33 Quai de Dion Bouton
D-20144 Hamburg, Germany
92814 Puteaux Cedex, France
Phone: 49-40-4292900
Phone: 33-1-46939180
Fax: 49-40-42929032
Fax: 33-1-47788717
Viscosity
Vcontent 5/2/00 4:07 PM Page 1
Contents
Viscosity
SAE J300 Viscosity Grades for Engine Oils

ISO Viscosity Grade Conversions
Viscosity Ranges for AGMA Lubricant Numbers
Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricant Viscosity Classification
SAE Classification
MIL-L-2105E Specification
Comparison of Viscosity Classifications
Viscosity Equivalents at Same Temperature
Two Components Viscosity Blending Chart (cSt)
Base Stocks Viscosities
Conversion Factors
V1 5/2/00 4:00 PM Page 1
SAE J300 Viscosity Grades for Engine Oils

SAE
Viscosity
Grade
Low Temperature (C)

Cranking Viscosity(1),
cP Max.
0W
5W
10W
15W
20W
25W
20
30
3250 at
3500 at
3500 at
3500 at
4500 at
6000 at
-
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
Low Temperature (C)

Pumping Viscosity(2), cP Max.
with No Yield Stress
60
60
60
60
60
60
000 at
000 at
000 at
000 at
000 at
000 at
-
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
Kinematic
Viscosity(3) (cSt)
at 100C Min.
Kinematic
Viscosity(3) (cSt)
at 100C Max.
3.8
3.8
4.1
5.6
5.6
9.3
5.6
9.3
< 9.3
< 12.5
2.6
2.9
2.9 (0W-40, 5W-40,
and 10W-40 grades)
40
12.5
< 16.3
40
12.5
< 16.3
50
60
16.3
21.9
< 21.9
< 26.1
All values are critical specifications as defined by ASTM D 3244.

1 cP=1 mPa.s; 1 cSt=1 mm2s-1
Notes:
(1) ASTM
(2) ASTM
(3) ASTM
(4) ASTM
D
D
D
D
5293.
4684. Note that the presence of any yield stress detectable by this method constitutes a failure regardless of viscosity.
445.
4683, CEC L-36-A-90 (ASTM D 4741).
04/00 - Viscosity
High-Shear
Viscosity(4) (cP) at 150C
and 106 s-1 Min.
3.7 (15W-40, 20W-40,

25W-40, 40 grades)
3.7
3.7
V2 5/2/00 4:01 PM Page 1
ISO Viscosity Grade Conversions

ISO
Viscosity
Grade
Mid-point
Kinematic
Viscosity
2
3
5
7
10
15
22
32
46
68
100
150
220
320
460
680
1000
1500
2.2
3.2
4.6
6.8
10
15
22
32
46
68
100
150
220
320
460
680
1000
1500
04/00 - Viscosity
Kinematic Viscosity Limits

cSt at 40C (104F)
Min.
Max.
1.98
2.88
4.14
6.12
9.00
13.5
19.8
28.8
41.4
61.2
90.0
135
198
288
414
612
900
1350
2.42
3.52
5.06
7.48
11.0
16.5
24.2
35.2
50.6
74.8
110
165
242
352
506
748
1100
1650
ASTM, Saybolt
Viscosity Number
32
36
40
50
60
75
105
150
215
315
465
700
1000
1500
2150
3150
4650
7000
Saybolt Viscosity SUS

100F (37.8C)
Min.
Max.
34.0
36.5
39.9
45.7
55.5
72
96
135
191
280
410
615
900
1310
1880
2800
4100
6100
35.5
38.2
42.7
50.3
62.8
83
115
164
234
345
500
750
1110
1600
2300
3400
5000
7500
V3 5/2/00 4:01 PM Page 1
Viscosity Ranges for AGMA Lubricant Numbers

Rust and Oxidation
Inhibited Gear Oils
Viscosity Range
AGMA Lubricant No.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7 Compounded
8 Compounded
8A Compounded
cSt (mm2/s) at 40C

41.4 to 50.6
61.2 to 74.8
90 to 110
135 to 165
198 to 242
288 to 352
414 to 506
612 to 748
900 to 1100
Notes:
Viscosity ranges for AGMA Lubricant Numbers will henceforth be identical with those of the ASTM system.
Oils compounded with 3% to 10% fatty or synthetic fatty oils.
04/00 - Viscosity
Equivalent
ISO Grade
Extreme Pressure
Gear Lubricants
AGMA Lubricant No.
46
68
100
150
220
320
460
680
1000
2 EP
3 EP
4 EP
5 EP
6 EP
7 EP
8 EP
8A EP
SAE J306 Automotive Gear Viscosity Classification

70W
2
Viscosity at 100C min, mm /s

max, mm2/s
Viscosity of 150,000 mPa.s,
max. temp, C
20 hr. KRL Shear (CRC L-45-T-93),
KV100 after Shear, mm2/s
Channel Point, min, C
Flash Point, C
75W

80W
85W
90
140
250
13.5
< 24.0
24.0
< 41.0
41.0
No req.
4.1
4.1
7.0
No requirement
11.0
-55
-40
-26
-12
4.1
4.1
7.0
11.0
No requirement
13.5
24.0
41.0
No requirement
No requirement
Viscosity at 100C min, mm2/s
max, mm2/s
max. temp, C
Flash Point, min, C
04/00 - Viscosity
75W
80W-90
85W-140
4.1
-
13.5
< 24.0
24.0
< 41.0
-40
-26
-12
-45
150
-35
165
-20
180
V5 5/2/00 4:03 PM Page 1
Approximate Equivalents
Comparison of Viscosity Classifications

Kinematic
Viscosities
cSt/ 40C cSt/ 100C
2000
1000
800
600
500
400
300
70
60
50
40
30
60
50
40
30
20
10
8
6
5
4
3
2
04/00 - Viscosity
10000
8000
300
6000
5000
4000
200
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
1000
800
600
500
400
300
200
50
250
8A
680
100
90
8
140
7
80
70
50
150
40
100
60
55
68
50
46
45
32
40
220
30
90
85W
5
4
3
80W
20
1
10W
75W
22
5W
15
10
7
40
3
32
AGMA Grades
SUS @ 100F
1500
35
SAE Grades
Gear Oils cSt
@ 100C
320
150
100
80
70
60
SAE Grades
Crankcase Oils
cSt @ 100C
460
2000
20
ISO VG
cSt @ 40C
1000
3000
1500
200
100
80
Saybolt
Viscosities
SUS/ 100F SUS/ 210F
Viscosities can be related horizontally only.

Viscosities based on 95 VI single grade oils.
ISO grades are specified at 40C.
AGMA grades are specified at 100F.
SAE 75W, 80W, 85W, and 5W & 10W specified at low temperature.
Equivalent viscosities for 100 & 210F are shown.
V6 5/2/00 4:04 PM Page 1
Viscosity Equivalents at Same Temperature

Kinematic
(Centistokes)
Saybolt
Universal
(Seconds)
Redwood
No.1
(Seconds)
Engler
(Degrees)
Saybolt
Furol
(Seconds)
Redwood
No.2
(Seconds)
Kinematic
(Centistokes)
Saybolt
Universal
(Seconds)
Redwood
No.1
(Seconds)
Engler
(Degrees)
Saybolt
Furol
(Seconds)
Redwood
No.2
(Seconds)
1.8
2.7
4.2
5.8
7.4
8.9
10.3
11.7
13.0
14.3
15.6
16.8
18.1
19.2
20.4
22.8
25.0
27.4
29.6
31.8
34.0
36.0
38.4
40.6
42.8
47.2
51.8
55.9
60.2
64.5
69.9
75.3
80.7
86.1
91.5
32
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
220
240
260
280
300
325
350
375
400
425
30.8
32.2
36.2
40.6
44.9
49.1
53.5
57.9
62.3
67.6
71.0
75.1
79.6
84.2
88.4
97.1
105.9
114.8
123.6
132.4
141.1
150.0
158.8
167.5
176.4
194.0
212
229
247
265
287
309
331
353
375
1.14
1.18
1.32
1.46
1.60
1.75
1.88
2.02
2.15
2.31
2.42
2.55
2.68
2.81
2.95
3.21
3.49
3.77
4.04
4.32
4.59
4.88
5.15
5.44
5.72
6.28
6.85
7.38
7.95
8.51
9.24
9.95
10.70
11.40
12.10
23.0
25.3
27.0
28.7
30.5
32.5
35.0
37.2
39.5
42.0
44.2
96.8
102.2
107.6
118.4
129.2
140.3
151
162
173
183
194
205
215
259
302
345
388
432
541
650
758
866
974
1,082
1,190
1,300
1,405
1,515
1,625
1,730
1,840
1,950
2,055
2,165
450
475
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
5,500
6,000
6,500
7,000
7,500
8,000
8,500
9,000
9,500
10,000
397
419
441
485
529
573
617
661
705
749
793
837
882
1,058
1,234
1,411
1,587
1,763
2,204
2,646
3,087
3,526
3,967
4,408
4,849
5,290
5,730
6,171
6,612
7,053
7,494
7,934
8,375
8,816
12.8
13.5
14.2
15.6
17.0
18.5
19.8
21.3
22.7
24.2
25.6
27.0
28.4
34.1
39.8
45.5
51
57
71
85
99
114
128
142
156
170
185
199
213
227
242
256
270
284
47.0
49
51
56
61
66
71
76
81
86
91
96
100
121
141
160
180
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1,000
104
122
138
153
170
215
255
300
345
390
435
475
515
580
600
645
690
730
770
815
855
04/00 - Viscosity
Two Components Viscosity Blending (cSt)
Component A
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
4000
3000
2000
1500
1500
1000
800
600
500
400
1000
800
600
500
400
300
300
200
200
150
150
100
90
80
70
60
100
90
80
70
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
15
15
10
9.0
10
9.0
8.0
8.0
7.0
7.0
6.0
6.0
5.0
5.0
4.0
4.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
100%
90%
Component B
04/00 - Viscosity
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Viscosity Centistrokes
Viscosity Centistrokes
4000
3000
2000
V8 5/2/00 4:06 PM Page 1
Base Stocks Viscosities

Neutrals
40C
70N
80N
90N
100N
140N
150N
160N
170N
180N
200N
250N
300N
315N
330N
350N
400N
450N
500N
600N
650N
700N
cSt
13.3
15.6
18.0
21.5
30.7
31.6
33.7
34.0
38.5
44.5
56.1
61.3
70.0
70.9
76.0
86.0
98.0
107.0
130.4
141.0
151.0
100C
SUS
70.8
80.3
89.0
104.0
144.0
148.0
158.0
159.0
181.0
204.0
257.0
285.0
315.0
328.0
358.0
398.6
454.0
496.0
604.0
665.0
668.0
cSt
3.0
3.35
3.4
4.0
4.5
4.9
5.2
5.4
5.7
6.2
6.5
7.0
7.9
8.4
8.8
9.8
10.5
11.0
12.1
13.8
14.0
SUS
37.0
37.3
37.5
39.0
41.0
42.4
43.3
44.0
44.9
46.0
47.0
49.0
52.0
53.7
55.0
58.0
61.0
64.0
66.0
71.0
73.0
Brights
40C
135
145
150
160
175
185
225
04/00 - Viscosity
Brt
Brt
Brt
Brt
Brt
Brt
Brt
cSt
413.2
523.3
568.0
600.0
654.7
616.0
1030.0
100C
SUS
1875.0
2425.0
2632.0
2800.0
3034.0
2855.0
4800.0
cSt
28.6
30.9
33.0
35.2
36.0
37.6
49.3
SUS
135.0
145.0
155.0
166.0
169.7
177.0
229.0
V9 5/2/00 4:06 PM Page 1
Conversion Factors
Linear
Measurement
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
yd
m
ft
m
in
cm
mile
km
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.9144 m
1.0936 yd
0.3048 m
3.28 ft
2.54 cm
0.3937 in
1.6093 km
0.6214 mile
Area
Measurement
1
1
1
1
sq
sq
sq
sq
yd
m
in
cm
=
=
=
=
0.8361 sq m
1.1960 sq yd
6.452 sq cm
0.155 sq in
Cubic
Measurement
1
1
1
1
1
1
cu
cc
cu
cu
cu
cu
in
ft
m
yd
m
=
=
=
=
=
=
16.3872 cc
0.0610 cu in
0.02832 cu m
35.314 cu ft
0.7646 cu m
1.3079 cu yd
Volumetric
Measurement
1
1
1
1
imp gall
litre
imp gall
litre
=
=
=
=
4.54596 litre
0.21998 imp gall
1.201 US gall
1.76 pints
Weight
Measurement
1
1
1
1
oz
g
lb
kg
=
=
=
=
28.3495 g
0.03527 oz
453.59 g
2.20462 lbs
Weights
per Volume
1
1
1
1
g/litre
oz/imp gall
g/litre
lb/imp gall
=
=
=
=
0.16035 oz/imp gall

6.236 g/litre
0.01002 lb/imp gall
99.8003 g/litre
Temperature
Conversions
Gravity
Conversion
Weight/Volume
Conversion (for
additive blending)
C
F
= (F - 32) x 5/9
= (C x 9/5) + 32
API gravity, deg
= (141.5/sp.gr. @ 60/60F) - 131.5
% volume of additive
= % weight of additive x density of finished oil

density of additive
(typical finished oil density = 0.88 g/ml)
04/00
Viscosity
Crankcase
Contents
Crankcase
API Service Classification

API Commercial Classification
API Gasoline Engine Performance Criteria
API Diesel Engine Performance Criteria
ACEA 1999 Service Fill Oils for:
Gasoline Engines
Light Duty Diesel Engines
Heavy Duty Diesel Engines
ILSAC Specifications:
GF-1
GF-2
US Military Specifications: Engine Test Requirements
Two-Stroke Classifications:
API TC
ISO/JASO
TISI 1040
NMMA TC-W3
OEM Specifications:
Mercedes-Benz Engine Test Requirements for Diesel Engine Oils
Mercedes-Benz Sheet 229.1 for Passenger Car Engine Oils
Mercedes-Benz Sheet 229.3 for Passenger Car Engine Oils
MAN 270, MAN 271 Specifications
MAN M 3275 Specification
MAN M 3277 Specification
Volkswagen 500.00, 501.01, 505.00, 502.00 Specifications
Volkswagen 503.00, 506.00 Specifications
Volvo Drain Specifications:
VDS
VDS-2
VDS-3
MTU MTL 5044
Mack EO-K/2
Mack EO-L
Mack EOM Plus
Cummins Engine Oil Specifications
European OEM Seal Test Requirements for Automotive Engine Oils
CR1 5/2/00 9:52 AM Page 1

S Service
S Service - (Service Stations, Garages, New Car Dealers etc.)

The following descriptions of the categories in the API Engine Service
Classification System are intended as guides to aid in the selection of proper
engine oils for significantly different engine service conditions. The performance
requirements for these categories are technically described in SAE J183-June
1991, Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classification (except for SH).
SA
Formerly for Utility Gasoline and Diesel Engine Service

Service typical of older engines operated under such mild conditions that
the protection afforded by compounded oils is not required. This category
should not be used in any engine unless specifically recommended by
the equipment manufacturer.
SB
For Minimum Duty Gasoline Engine Service

Service typical of older gasoline engines operated under such mild
conditions that only minimum protection afforded by compounding is desired.
Oils designed for this service have been used since the 1930s and provide
only antiscuff capability and resistance to oil oxidation and bearing corrosion.
They should not be used in any engine unless specifically recommended
by the equipment manufacturer.
SC
For 1964 Gasoline Engine Warranty Maintenance Service

Service typical of gasoline engines in 1964 through 1967 models of
passenger cars and some trucks operating under engine manufacturers
warranties in effect during those model years. Oils designed for this
service provide control of high and low temperature deposits, wear,
rust and corrosion in gasoline engines.
SD
For Gasoline Engine Warranty Maintenance Service

Service typical of gasoline engines in 1968 through 1970 models of passenger
cars and some trucks operating under engine manufacturers warranties in
effect during those model years. Also may apply to certain 1971 and/or later
models as specified (or recommended) in the owners manuals. Oils designed
for this service provide more protection against high and low temperature
engine deposits, wear, rust and corrosion in gasoline engines than oils which
are satisfactory for API Engine Service Category SC and may be used when
API Engine Service Category SC is recommended.
SE
For 1972 Gasoline Engine Warranty Service

Service typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars and some trucks
beginning with 1972 and certain 1971 models operating under engine
manufacturers warranties. Oils designed for this service provide more
protection against oil oxidation, high temperature engine deposits, rust
and corrosion in gasoline engines than oils which are satisfactory for
API Engine Service Categories SD or SC and may be used when either
of these classifications is recommended.
04/00
Crankcase
CR2 5/2/00 9:53 AM Page 1

S Service
SF

Service typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars and some trucks
beginning with the 1980 model year operating under manufacturers
recommended maintenance procedures. Oils developed for this service
provide increased oxidation stability and improved anti-wear performance
relative to oils which meet the minimum requirements for API Service
Category SE. The oils also provide protection against engine deposits,
rust and corrosion. Oils meeting API Service Classification SF may be
used where API Service Categories SE, SD or SC are recommended.
Oils meeting the performance requirements measured in the following
gasoline engine tests: The IID gasoline engine test has been correlated
with vehicles used in short-trip service prior to 1978, particularly with regard
to rusting. The IIID gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles
used in high temperature service prior to 1978, particularly with regard to
oil thickening and valve train wear. The V-D gasoline engine test has been
correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go service prior to 1978, particularly
with regard to varnish, sludge and valve train wear. The L-38 gasoline engine
test requirement provides a measurement of copper-lead bearing weight loss
under high-temperature operating conditions.
SG

Service typical of gasoline engine in passenger cars, vans and light
trucks beginning with the 1989 model year operating under manufacturers
recommended maintenance procedures. Category SG quality oils include
the performance properties of API service category CC. (Certain manufacturers
of gasoline engines require oils also meeting API Category CD).
Oils developed for this service provide improved control of engine deposits,
oil oxidation and engine wear relative to oils developed for previous categories.
These oils also provide protection against rust and corrosion. Oils meeting API
Service Category SG may be used where API Service Categories SF, SF/CC,
SE or SE/CC are recommended.
Oils meeting the performance requirements measured in the following
gasoline and diesel engine tests:
04/00
The IID gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used
in short-trip service prior to 1978, particularly with regard to rusting.
The IIIE gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used
in high-temperature service prior to 1988, particularly with regard to oil
thickening and valve train wear.
The VE gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used in
stop-and-go service prior to 1988, particularly with regard to sludge and
valve train wear.
The L-38 gasoline engine test requirement provides a measurement
of copper-lead bearing weight loss and piston varnish under high
temperature operating conditions.
The 1-H2 diesel engine test requirement provides a measurement
of high-temperature deposits.
Crankcase
CR3 5/2/00 9:54 AM Page 1

S Service
SH

Category SH covers the performance requirements of SG oils tested to the
latest CMA protocol on engine testing. In addition, SH oils must meet various
bench test requirements including volatility, filterability and foaming tests.
SJ

API Service Category SJ was adopted for use in describing engine oils
available in 1996. These oils are for use in service typical of gasoline
engines in current and earlier passenger-car, sport utility vehicle, van,
and light truck operations under vehicle manufacturers recommended
maintenance procedures.
Engine oils that meet API Service Category SJ designation may be
used where API Service Category SH and earlier Categories have
been recommended.
Engine oils that meet the API Service Category SJ designation have
been tested in accordance with the CMA Code, may use the API Base
Oil Interchangeability Guidelines and the API Guidelines for SAE ViscosityGrade Engine Testing.
Engine oils that meet these requirements may display API Service
Category SJ in the upper portion of the API Service Symbol.
04/00
Crankcase
CR4 5/2/00 9:55 AM Page 1

C Commercial
C Commercial - (Fleets, Contractors, Farmers, etc.)

CA
For Light Duty Diesel Engine Service

Service typical of diesel engine operated in mild to moderate duty with highquality fuels and occasionally has included gasoline engines in mild service.
Oils designed for this service provide protection from bearing corrosion and
from ring belt deposits in some naturally aspirated diesel engines when using
fuels of such quality that they impose no unusual requirements for wear and
deposit protection. They were widely used in the late 1940s and 1950s but
should not be used in any engine unless specifically recommended by the
equipment manufacturer.
CB
For Moderate Duty Diesel Engine Service

Service typical of diesel engines operated in mild to moderate duty, but with
lower-quality fuels which necessitate more protection for wear and deposits.
Occasionally has included gasoline engines in mild service. Oils designed for
this service provide necessary protection from bearing corrosion and from ring
belt deposits in some naturally aspirated diesel engines with higher sulphur
fuels. Oils designed for this service were introduced in 1949.
CC
For Moderate Duty Diesel and Gasoline Engine Service

Service typical of many naturally aspirated diesel engines operated in moderate
to severe-duty service and certain heavy-duty gasoline engines. Oils designed
for this service provide protection from high temperature deposits and bearing
corrosion and low temperature deposits in gasoline engines. These oils were
introduced in 1961.
CD
For Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service

Service typical of certain naturally aspirated, turbocharged or supercharged
diesel engines where highly effective control of wear and deposits is vital,
or when using fuels of a wide quality range including high sulphur fuels. Oils
designed for this service were introduced in 1955 and provide protection from
bearing corrosion and from high temperature deposits in these diesel engines.
Oil meeting the performance requirements measure in the following diesel and
gasoline engine tests: The 1-G2 diesel engine test has been correlated with
indirect injection engines used in heavy-duty operation, particularly with regard
to piston and ring groove deposits. The L-38 gasoline engine test requirement
provides a measurement of copper-lead bearing weight loss and piston varnish
under high-temperature operating conditions.
04/00
Crankcase
CR5 5/2/00 9:57 AM Page 1

C Commercial
CD-II
For Severe Duty 2-Stroke Diesel Engine Service

Service typical of 2-stroke cycled engines requiring highly efficient control over
wear and deposits. Oils designed for this service also meet the performance
requirements of API service category CD.
Oils meeting the performance requirements measured in the following diesel
and gasoline engine tests: The 1-G2 diesel engine test has been correlated
with indirect injection engines used in heavy-duty operation, particularly with
regard to piston and ring groove deposits. The 6V-53T diesel engine test has
been correlated with vehicles equipped with two-stroke cycle diesel engines
in high-speed operation prior to 1985, particularly with regard to ring and liner
distress. The L-38 gasoline engine test requirement provides a measurement
of copper-lead bearing weight loss and piston varnish under high-temperature
operating conditions.
CE
For High Performance Diesel Engine Service

Service typical of many turbocharged or supercharged high performance diesel
engines, operated under both low speed - high load and high speed - high load
conditions. Oils designed for this service have been available since 1984 and
provide improved control of oil consumption, oil thickening and piston assembly
deposits and wear relative to the performance potential offered by oils designed
for Category CD Service.
Oils meeting the performance requirements of the following diesel and gasoline
engine tests: The 1-G2 diesel engine test has been correlated with indirect
injection engines used in heavy-duty service, particularly with regard to piston
and ring groove deposits. The T-6, T-7 and NTC-400 are direct injection diesel
engine tests. The T-6 has been correlated with vehicles equipped with engines
used in high-speed operation prior to 1980, particularly with regard to deposits,
oil consumption and wear. The T-7 test has been correlated with vehicles
equipped with engines used in lugging operation prior to 1984, particularly
with regard to oil thickening. The NTC-400 diesel engine test has been
correlated with vehicles equipped with engines in highway operation prior
to 1983, particularly with regard to oil consumption, deposits and wear.
The L-38 gasoline engine test requirement provides a measurement of
copper-lead bearing weight loss under high-temperature operating conditions.
CF-4
For High Performance Diesel Engine Service

This category was adopted in 1990 and describes oils for use in high speed,
four-stroke diesel engines. API CF-4 oils exceed the requirements of the CE
category, providing improved control of oil consumption and piston deposits.
Oils meeting the performance requirements in the following diesel and gasoline
engine tests:
The 1K diesel engine test, which has been correlated with direct injection
engines used in heavy-duty service prior to 1990, particularly with regard
to piston and ring groove deposits.
The T-6, T-7, NTC 400 and L-38 engines: See API CE Category
above for explanation.
04/00
Crankcase
CR6 5/2/00 9:58 AM Page 1

C Commercial
CF
For Indirect Injected Diesel Engine Service

API Service Category CF denotes service typical of indirect injected diesel
engines, and other diesel engines which use a broad range of fuel types
including those using fuel with higher sulphur content, for example, over
0.5% wt. Effective control of piston deposits, wear and copper - containing
bearing corrosion is essential for these engines which may be naturally
aspirated, turbocharged or supercharged. Oils designated for this service
have been in existence since 1994. Oils designated for this service may
also be used when API service category CD is recommended.
CF-2
For Two-Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine Service

API Service category CF-2 denotes service typical of two-stroke cycle
engines requiring highly effective control over cylinder and ring-face scuffing
and deposits. Oils designated for this service have been in existence since
1994 and may also be used when API Service Category CD-II is
recommended. These oils do not necessarily meet the requirements
of CF or CF-4 unless passing test requirements for these categories.
CG-4
For Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service

API Service Category CG-4 describes oils for use in high speed four
stroke-cycle diesel engines used on both heavy-duty on-highway (less
than 0.05% wt. sulphur fuel) and off highway (less than 0.5% wt. sulphur
fuel) applications. CG-4 oils provide effective control over high temperature
piston deposits, wear, corrosion, foaming, oxidation stability and soot
accumulation. These oils are especially effective in engines designed to
meet 1994 exhaust emission standards and may also be used in engines
requiring API Service Categories CD, CE and CF-4. Oils designated for
this service have been in existence since 1994.
CH-4
For 1998 Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service

API Service Category CH-4 describes oils for use in high-speed, four-stroke
diesel engines designed to meet 1998 exhaust emissions standards as well
as for previous model years. CH-4 oils are specifically compounded for use
with diesel fuels ranging in sulphur content up to 0.5 percent weight.
These oils are especially effective to sustain engine durability even under
adverse applications that may stress wear control, high temperature stability,
and soot handling properties. In addition, optimum protection is provided
against non-ferrous corrosion, oxidative and insoluble thickening, foaming,
and viscosity loss due to shear. These oils also have the performance
capability to afford a more flexible approach to oil drain intervals in
accordance with the recommendations of the individual engine builders
for their specific engines.
CH-4 oils are superior in performance to those meeting API CF-4 and API CG-4
and can effectively lubricate engines calling for those API Service Categories.
04/00
Crankcase
CR7 5/2/00 10:08 AM Page 1

Test
Primary Performance Criteria
SA
None
None
SB
L-4 or L-38
Sequence IV
SC
Sequences IIA and IIIA
Bearing Weight Loss, mg. max.

Cam Scuffing
Lifter Scuff Rating, max.
Cam and Lifter Scuffing
Avg. Cam plus Lifter Wear, in., max.
Avg. Rust Rating, min.
Avg. Sludge Rating, min.
Avg. Varnish Rating, min.
Cam Scuffing
Total Engine Sludge Rating, min.
Avg. Piston Skirt Varnish Rating, min.
Total Engine Varnish Rating, min.
Avg. Intake Valve Tip Wear, in., max.
Ring Sticking
Oil Ring Clogging, % max.
Oil Screen Plugging, % max.
Bearing Weight Loss, mg., max.
Top Groove Filling, % vol., max.
Second Groove and Below
Cam and Lifter Scuffing
Avg. Cam and Lifter Wear, in., max.
Avg. Rust Rating, min.
Avg. Varnish Rating, min.
Cam Scuffing
Avg. Intake Valve Tip Wear, in., max.
Sequence IV
Sequence V
SD
L-38
L-1 (0.95% min.
sulphur fuel)
Sequences IIB and IIIB
Sequence IV
Sequence VB
L-38
L-1(0.95% min. S. fuel)
or
1-H
Falcon
04/00 - Crankcase
Top Groove Filling, % vol. max.

Second Groove and Below
Weighted Total Demerits
Avg. Engine Rust Rating, min.
L-4
500
None
2
None
0.0025
8.2
9.5
9.7
None
2
40
7.0
35
0.0020
None
20
20
50
25
Clean
None
0.0030
8.8
9.6
9.6
None
1
42.5
8.0
37.5
0.0015
5
5
40
L-1
25
9
L-38
500
1-H
30
Clean
140
CR8 5/2/00 10:10 AM Page 1

Test
SE
Sequence IIC or IID

Average Engine Rust Rating, min.
Lifter Sticking
Sequence IIIC or IIID
Sequence VC or VD
SF
CRC L-38
Sequence IID
Sequence IIID
Sequence VD
CRC L-38
Note:
* Suggested performance - not pass/fail limit.
04/00 - Crankcase
IIC
8.4
None
IIIC
Viscosity Increase @ 100F

400
and 40 test hrs. %, max.
Viscosity Increase @ 40C
and 40 test hrs. %
9.3
Ring Land Face Varnish Rating, min.
6.0
9.2
Ring Sticking
None
Lifter Sticking
None
Cam & Lifter Scuffing
None
Cam & Lifter Wear, in. average
0.0010
Cam & Lifter Wear, in. max.
0.0020
VC
Avg. Engine Sludge Rating, min.
8.7
7.9
Avg. Engine Varnish Rating, min.
8.0
5
5
Compression Ring Sticking
None
Cam Wear, in. average
Cam Wear, in. max.
40
8.5
Lifter Sticking
None
Viscosity Increase at 40C,
375
64 test hrs, %, max.
9.2
4.8
9.2
Ring Sticking
None
Lifter Sticking
None
None
Cam & Lifter Wear, in. average
0.0040
Cam & Lifter Wear, in. max.
0.0080
9.4
6.7
6.6
10
7.5
None
Cam Wear, in. average
0.0010
Cam Wear, in. max.
0.0025
40
IID
8.5
None
IIID
375
9.1
4.0
9.2
None
None
None
0.0040
0.0100
VD
9.2
6.4
6.3
10
10
None
0.0020*
0.0040*
CR9 5/2/00 10:11 AM Page 1
SG
Test
Sequence IID

Lifter Sticking
Viscosity Increase at 40C,
64 test hrs., %, max.
Ring Sticking
Lifter Sticking
Cam & Lifter Wear, m, average
Cam & Lifter Wear, m, max.
Rocker Arm Cover Sludge Rating, min.
Oil Ring Clogging, %, max.
Oil Screen Plugging, %, max.
Cam Wear, m, average
Cam Wear, m, max.
Top Groove Filling, % vol., max.
Weighted Total Demerits
Sequence IIIE
Sequence VE
CRC L-38
1H2
SH
Sequence IID
Sequence IIIE
Sequence VE
CRC L-38
SAE (J300)
CEC L-40-A-93/
L-40-T-87 (Noack), %
Phosphorus, %m
Flash Point
(ASTM D92), C
Foaming
(Tendency/Stability)
Sequence I, max.
Sequence II, max.
Sequence III, max.
Sequence IV
Homogeneity/Miscibility
GM EOFT Filterability,
Flow Reduction, %
04/00 - Crankcase
8.5
None
375
8.9
9.2
3.5
None
None
None
30
64
9.0
7.0
6.5
5.0
15
20
None
122
381
40
45
140
API SG limits apply

Tested according to CMA Code of Practice
5W30
10W30
15W40
All Others
25 max.
20 max.
18 max.
0.12 max.
0.12 max.
200 min.
205 min.
215 min.
10/0
50/0
10/0
Report
Pass
10/0
50/0
10/0
Report
Pass
10/0
50/0
10/0
Report
Pass
50 max.
50 max.
CR10 5/2/00 10:17 AM Page 1

Test
SJ
04/00 - Crankcase
Sequence IID
Sequence IIIE
Sequence VE
CRC L-38
SAE (J300)
CEC L-40-A-93/
L-40-T-87 (Noack), %
Phosphorus, % m
Flash Point
(ASTM D92), C
Foaming
(Tendency/Stability)
Sequence I, max.
Sequence II, max.
Sequence III, max.
High Temp.
(ASTM 1392), max.
GM EOFT Filterability,
Flow Reduction, %
High Temp. Deposits
(TEOST) mg.
Gelation Index

API SG limits apply
Tested according to CMA Code of Practice
0W20, 5W20, 5W30, 10W30
All Others
22 max.
20 max.
0.10 max.
200 min.
205 min. (10W-30)
10/0
50/0
10/0
10/0
50/0
10/0
200/50
200/50
Pass
Pass
50 max.
50 max.
60 max.
60 max.
12 max.
CR11 5/2/00 10:19 AM Page 1

Test
L-38
Bearing Weight Loss, mg, max.

Piston Skirt Varnish Rating, min.
Top Groove Filling, % vol, max.
Second Groove and below
Same as CA
Same as CA, except
Top Groove Filling, % vol, max.
120-135
9.0
50
9.0
L-38

LTD or Modified LTD

Oil Ring Plugging, %, max.
Oil Screen Clogging, %, max.
IIC or IID
1-H2
Avg. Engine Rust Rating, min.

Top Groove Fill, % vol., max.
Weighted Total Demerits, max.
Ring Side Clearance Loss, in, max.
Top Groove Fill, % vol, max.
Top Groove Fill, % vol, max.
Piston Varnish Rating, min.
Piston Area
Weighted Total Demerits, avg. max.
Hot Stuck Rings
2 and 3 Ring Face Distress
avg. Demerits, max.
50
9.0
LTD
7.5
35
25
25
IIC
7.6
45
140
0.0005
80
300
0.0005
50
9.0
80
300
0.0005
50
9.0
L-4 or L-38
CB
L-1 (0.35% min.

sulphur fuel)
L-4 or L-38
L-1 (0.95% min.
sulphur fuel)
CD
1-G2
L-38
CD-II
I-G2
L-38
6V-53T
Liner and Head Area

Liner Distress, avg. % Area, max.
Valve Distress
04/00 - Crankcase
Limits
L-4
CA
CC
25
Essentially clean
30
400
None
13
12
None
Mod LTD
7.5
42
42
10
10
IID
7.7
CR12 5/2/00 10:21 AM Page 1

CE
Test
Limits
1G2
Top Groove Fill, % vol., max.

Ring Side Clearance loss, in., max.
Merit Rating, min.
Avg. Rate of Viscosity increase
during last 50 hrs, cSt 100 C/hr, max.
80
300
0.0005
50
90
L-38
T-6
T-7
NTC-400
Oil Consumption
Camshaft Roller Follower Pin Wear

average, max, mm (in)
Crownland (Top Land) Deposits,
% area covered with heavy carbon,
average, max.
Piston Deposits, Third Ring Land,
total CRC demerits for all six
pistons, max.
CF-4
1K
Weighted Demerits
(WDK), max.
Groove No. 1 (top) Carbon Fill

(TGF) % volume, max.
Top Land Heavy Carbon

(TLHC), % max.
L-38
T-6
T-7
Oil Consumption, average,

kg/kW-h, max.
Piston Ring Sticking
Piston, Ring and Liner Scuffing
Merit Rating, min.
Average Rate of Kinematic
Viscosity Increase during last
50 hrs, cSt, 100 C/hr, max.
NTC-400
Oil Consumption
Camshaft Roller Follower Pin Wear,
mm (in), average, max.
Crownland (Top Land) Deposits
area covered with heavy carbon,
%, average, max.
04/00 - Crankcase
0.040
Candidate oil consumption second
order regression curve must fall
completely below the published mean
plus one standard deviation curve for
the applicable reference oil.
0.051 (0.002)
25
40
Candidate oil WDK must be less than
or equal to the published test limits
based on the applicable reference
oil for one, two, or three test runs.
Candidate oil TGF must be less than
or equal to the published test limits
based on the applicable reference
oil for one, two or three test runs.
Candidate oil TLHC must be less than
or equal to the published test limits based
on the applicable reference oil for one,
two or three test runs.
0.0005
None
None
50
90
0.040
Candidate oil consumption second order
regression curve must fall completely
below the published mean curve for the
applicable reference oil.
0.051 (0.002)
15
CR13 5/2/00 10:22 AM Page 1

Test
CF
1M-PC
CF-2
L-38
1M-PC
6V-92TA
Top Groove Filling (TGF), % vol., max.

Weighted Total Demerits (WTD), max.
Ring Side Clearance Loss, mm., max.
Piston Ring Sticking
Piston, Ring and Liner Scuffing
Weighted Total Demerits (WTD), max.
Cylinder Liner Scuffing, %, max.
Port Plugging, %, max.
Average
Single Cylinder
Piston Ring Face Distress Demerits, max.
No. 1 (Fire Ring)
Avg. No. 2 & 3
L-38
04/00 - Crankcase
Number of Test Runs

1
70
240
0.013
None
None
43.7
100
45.0
70
240
0.013
None
None
48.1
100
48.0
70
240
0.013
None
None
50.0
100
50.0
2
5
2
5
2
5
0.23
0.20
43.7
0.24
0.21
48.1
0.26
0.22
50.0
CR14 5/2/00 10:23 AM Page 1

Test
CG-4
1N

WDN (Weighted Demerits-1N), average, max.
TGF (Top Groove Fill), % Volume,
average, max.
TLHC (Top Land Heavy Carbon),
% average, max.
T-8
IIIE
L-38
6.2L
Foam
Bench
Corrosion
Test
Oil Consumption, g/kW-h, average, max.

Scuffing, Piston-Rings-Liner
Number of Tests Allowed
Stuck Rings
Viscosity Increase @ 3.8% Soot,
cSt, average, max.
Filter Plugging, Differential Pressure,
kPa, average, max.
Oil Consumption, g/kW-h average, max.
Hours to 375% Viscosity Increase,
average, min.
Bearing Weight Loss, mg, average, max.
Used Oil Viscosity, cSt greater than SAE
J300 lower limit for Grade, average, min.
Wear, m (mils) average, max.
Foaming/Settling, ml., max.
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
ppm Increase, max.
Copper
Lead
Tin
Copper Corrosion, max, D130
Note:
Limits do not apply to monograde oils
04/00 - Crankcase
Number of Test Runs

1
286.2
311.7
323.0
20
23
25
0.5
0.5
0.5
None
None
None
None
None
None
11.5
12.5
13.0
138
138
138
0.304
0.304
0.304
67.5
65.1
64.0
43.7
48.1
50.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
11.4 (0.45) 12.4 (0.49) 12.7 (0.50)

10/0
20/0
10/0
20
60
50
3
CR15 5/2/00 10:23 AM Page 1

Test
1P
WDP (Weighted Demerits - 1P), max.

TGC (Top Groove Carbon), % vol., max.
TLC (Top Land Carbon), %., max.
Avg. Oil Consumption, 0-360 hours
Final Oil Consumption, 336-360 hours
Crosshead Weight Loss, 4.5% soot., mg, max.
Sludge, min.
Differential Pressure/Oil Filter, kPa., max.
Avg. Liner Wear, m, max.
Top Ring Weight Loss, mg., max.
Increase in Lead Content, ppm., max.
Viscosity Increase, 3.8% soot, cSt, max.
Relative Viscosity, 4.8% soot, max.
WDK (Weighted Demerits - 1K), max.
TGF (Top Groove Fill), %vol., max.
TLHC (Top Land Heavy Carbon), %, max.
Oil Consumption, g/bhp-hr., max.
Piston, Ring, Liner Scuffing
Pin Wear, mils., max.
Viscosity Increase, %, max.
Aeration volume, %, max.
Copper, ppm Increase, max.
Lead, ppm Increase, max.
Tin, ppm Increase, max.
Copper Corrosion, ASTM D130, max.
Number of Test Runs

1
CH-4
M-11
T-9
T8-E
1K
6.5L
IIIE
HEUI
Bench
Corrosion
04/00 - Crankcase
350
36
40
6.5
8.7
79
25.4
120
25
11.5
2.1
332
24
4
0.5
None
0.30
200
8.0
20
120
50
3
378
390
39
41
46
49
11.0 max./test
10.0 max./test
7.5
8.0
8.6
8.5
93
100
26.6
27.1
136
144
32
36
12.5
13.0
2.2
2.3
347
353
27
29
5
5
0.5
0.5
None
None
0.33
0.36
200
200
8.0
8.0
20
20
120
120
50
50
3
3
CR16 5/2/00 10:25 AM Page 1
Laboratory Tests
ACEA 1999 Service Fill Oils for Gasoline Engines

Requirements
Method
Viscosity Grade
Shear Stability
Viscosity High Temperature

High Shear Rate
Evaporative Loss
Sulphated Ash
Oil/Elastomer
Compatibility
Unit
SAE J 300
Latest active issue
CEC L-14-A-93
(Bosch injector)
Limits
A1-98
A2-96 Issue 2
A3-98
No restriction except as defined by shear stability and HTHS
requirements. Manufacturers may indicate specific viscosity
requirements related to ambient temperatures.
XW-20:
stay in grade
stay in grade
XW-30 8.6
XW-30 9.0
XW-40 12.0
XW-40 12.0
XW-50 15.0
Viscosity after 30 cycles

measured @ 100C
mm2/s
CEC L-36-A-97
(Ravenfield)
Viscosity @ 150C, and 106s-1 shear rate
mPa.s
min 2.9
max 3.5
CEC L-40-A-93
(Noack)
Max. weight loss after 1h @ 250C
15
ASTM D874
CEC L-39-T-96
Foaming
Tendency
ASTM D892
without option A
High Temperature
Foaming Tendency
ASTM D6082 High

Temp foam test
04/00 - Crankcase
Properties
% m/m
Max. variation of characteristics after
immersion for 7 days in fresh oil
without pre-ageing
Hardness DIDC
Tensile strength
Elongation rupture
Volume variation
> 3.5
15 for 10W-X
or lower.
13 for others
1.5
> 3.5
13
Elastomer type
points
%
%
%
Tendency - stability
ml
ml
RE1
-1/+5
-50/+10
-60/+10
-1/+5
RE2-99
RE3
-2/+8
-25/+1
-7/+18
-45/+10
-35/+10
-20/+10
-7/+3
-1/+30
Sequence I (24C) 10 - nil
Sequence II (94C) 50 - nil
Sequence III (24C) 10 - nil
Sequence IV (150C) 100 - nil
RE4
-5/+5
-20/+10
-50/+10
-5/+5
CR16 5/2/00 10:25 AM Page 1
Laboratory Tests

Requirements
Method
Viscosity Grade
Shear Stability

High Shear Rate
Evaporative Loss
Sulphated Ash
Oil/Elastomer
Compatibility
Unit
SAE J 300
Latest active issue
CEC L-14-A-93
(Bosch injector)
Limits
A1-98
A2-96 Issue 2
A3-98
XW-20:
stay in grade
stay in grade
XW-30 8.6
XW-30 9.0
XW-40 12.0
XW-40 12.0
XW-50 15.0

measured @ 100C
mm2/s
CEC L-36-A-97
(Ravenfield)
Viscosity @ 150C, and 106s-1 shear rate
mPa.s
min 2.9
max 3.5
CEC L-40-A-93
(Noack)
15
ASTM D874
CEC L-39-T-96
Foaming
Tendency
ASTM D892
without option A
High Temperature
Foaming Tendency
ASTM D6082 High

Temp foam test
04/00 - Crankcase
Properties
% m/m
Max. variation of characteristics after
immersion for 7 days in fresh oil
without pre-ageing
Hardness DIDC
Tensile strength
Elongation rupture
Volume variation
> 3.5
15 for 10W-X
or lower.
13 for others
1.5
> 3.5
13
Elastomer type
points
%
%
%
ml
ml
RE1
-1/+5
-50/+10
-60/+10
-1/+5
RE2-99
RE3
-2/+8
-25/+1
-7/+18
-45/+10
-35/+10
-20/+10
-7/+3
-1/+30
RE4
-5/+5
-20/+10
-50/+10
-5/+5
CR17 5/2/00 10:27 AM Page 1
Engine Tests

Requirements
High Temp.
Oxidation
Method
ASTM D5533
(Sequence IIIE)
Under protocol &
requirements for API SJ
High Temp. deposits CEC L-55-T-95

(1)
(TU3M) See note
Ring Sticking
Oil Thickening
Low Temp. Sludge
ASTM D5302
(Sequence VE)
Under protocol &
requirements for API SJ
Valve Train
Scuffing Wear
CEC L-38-A-94 (TU3M)
Sludge
CEC L-53-T-95 (M111)
Fuel Economy
See Note(2)
CEC L-54-T-96 (M111)
Properties
Viscosity increase @ 40C
Piston skirt varnish
Ring land deposits
Average sludge
Ring sticking
Lifter sticking
Cam & Lifter wear, average
Cam & Lifter wear, max.
Oil consumption
Ring sticking (each part)
Piston varnish (7 elements)
average of 4 pistons
Absolute viscosity increase
@ 40C between min. and
max. values during test
Oil consumption
Average engine sludge
Cam cover sludge
Average piston skirt varnish
Average engine varnish
Comp. ring (hot stuck)
Oil screen clogging
Cam wear, average
Cam wear, max
Cam wear, average
Cam wear, max
Pad merit (ave. of 8 pads)
Engine sludge, average
Cam wear, average
Fuel economy improvement vs.
Reference oil RL 191 (15W-40)
Unit
Limits
A1-98
A2-96 Issue 2
A3-98
100
8.9
3.5
9.2
none
none
30
64
5.1
9.0
(RL194 minus
5.0 points)
200
8.9
3.5
9.2
none
none
30
64
5.1
9.0
(RL194 minus
10.0 points)
100
8.9
3.5
9.2
none
none
30
64
5.1
9.0
(RL194 minus
5.0 points)
1.5 x Vk
increase with RL194
2.5 x Vk
increase with RL194
1.5 x Vk
increase with RL194
%
m
m
m
m
merit
merit
m
Rate & Report

9.0
7.0
6.5
5.0
None
20
130
380
10
15
7.5
RL140
Rate & report
Rate & Report

9.0
7.0
6.5
5.0
None
20
130
380
10
15
7.5
RL140
Rate & report
Rate & Report

9.0
7.0
6.5
5.0
None
20
130
380
10
15
7.5
RL140
Rate & report
2.5
%
merit
merit
merit
m
m
litres
merit
merit
mm2/s
kg/test
merit
merit
merit
merit
Notes:
(1) Data from an existing test to the 1996 issue of these sequences may be reassessed to demonstrate compliance with the viscosity
increase requirement of A1 & A3. For other parameters refer to the Equivalency Guidelines in Appendix E of the ATIEL Code of Practice.
(2) ACEA considers the CEC L-54-T-96 test the only valid comparator against which claims of lubricant fuel economy improvement should be made.
04/00 - Crankcase
CR18 5/2/00 10:28 AM Page 1
Laboratory Tests
ACEA 1999 Service Fill Oils for Light Duty Diesel Engines
Requirements
Method
Properties
Unit
Limits
B1-98
Viscosity Grade
SAE J 300 Latest active issue
Shear Stability
CEC L-14-A-93
(Bosch injector)

High Shear Rate
CEC L-36-A-97
(Ravenfield)
Evaporative Loss
CEC L-40-A-93
(Noack)
Sulphated Ash
Oil/Elastomer
Compatibility
ASTM D874
CEC L-39-T-96
Foaming
Tendency
ASTM D892
without option A
High Temperature
Foaming Tendency
ASTM D6082 High

temperature
04/00 - Crankcase

measured @ 100C
mm2/s
Viscosity @ 150C and 106s-1

shear rate
mPa.s
B3-98
B4-98

XW-20:
stay in grade
XW-30 8.6
XW-30 9.0
stay in grade
XW-30 9.0
XW-40 12.0 XW-40 12.0
XW-40 12.0
XW-50 15.0
XW-50 15.0
min 2.9
max 3.5
15
% m/m
Max. variation of characteristics
after immersion for 7 days in fresh
oil without pre-ageing
B2-98
> 3.5
15 for 10W-X
or lower, 13
for others
1.8
> 3.5
> 3.5
13
15 for 10W-X
or lower, 13
for others
Elastomer type
Hardness DIDC
Tensile strength
Elongation rupture
Volume variation
points
%
%
%
ml
ml
RE1
-1/+5
-50/+10
-60/+10
-1/+5
RE2-99
RE3
-2/+8
-25/+1
-7/+18
-45/+10
-35/+10
-20/+10
-7/+3
-1/+30
RE4
-5/+5
-20/+10
-50/+10
-5/+5
CR19 5/2/00 10:28 AM Page 1
Engine Tests
ACEA 1999 Service Fill Oils for Light Duty Diesel Engines
Requirements
Method
Properties
Unit
Limits
B1-98
Ring Sticking and

Piston Cleanliness
Medium Temp.
Dispersivity
Wear, Viscosity
Stability & Oil
Consumption
CEC L-46-T-93
(VW 1.6 TC D)
CEC L-56-T-95
(XUD11ATE)(1)
then CEC-L-56-T-9x
(XUD11BTE) when
T status is granted
CEC-L-51-T-95
(OM602A)
Ring sticking
Piston cleanliness
Absolute viscosity increase @ 100C
and 3% soot (measurement with
CEC L-83-A-97 method)
Piston merit (5 elements)
average for 4 pistons
Cam wear, avg.
Viscosity increase at 40C
Bore polishing
Piston cleanliness
Average engine sludge
Cylinder wear, avg.
Oil consumption
DI Diesel
Piston Cleanliness
& Ring Sticking
CEC L-78-T-97
(VW DI)
Fuel Economy
See Note(3)
CEC L-54-T-96
(M111E)
Piston cleanliness
Ring sticking (Rings 1 & 2)
Avg. of all 8 rings
Max for 1 individual ring
Viscosity increase at 40C
Fuel economy improvement
vs. Ref. oil RL191 (15W-40)
merit
merit
mm2/s
merit
m
%
%
merit
merit
RL148
RL148
0.90 x Vk
increase with
RL197
(RL197
minus 6 pts)
RL148
B2-98
m
kg/test
B4-98
0.90 x Vk
increase with
RL197
(RL197
minus 6 pts)
RL148
FFPL 15.0(2)
FFPL 10.0(2
merit
65
ASF
ASF
%
0.7
2.5
Rate & report
2.5
Notes:
(1) Data from an existing test to the 1996 issue of these sequences may be reassessed to demonstrate compliance
wih the requirement, as detailed in the Equivalency Guidelines in Appendix E of the ATIEL Code of Practice.
(2) FFPL: Fit-for-purpose limits determined according to the principles outlined in appendix E of the ATIEL Code of Practice, and subject to regular review.
(3) ACEA considers the CEC L-54-T-96 test the only valid comparator against which claims of lubricant fuel economy improvement should be made.
04/00 - Crankcase
B3-98
RL148
RL148
RL148
RL148
0.90 x Vk
0.50 x Vk
increase with
increase with
RL197
RL197
(RL197
RL197
minus 6 pts)
RL148
50% of RL148
FFPL 90(2)
FFPL 7.0(2)
Rate & Report
Rate & Report
CR20 5/2/00 10:32 AM Page 1
Laboratory Tests
ACEA 1999 Service Fill Oils for Heavy Duty Diesel Engines
Requirements
Method
Properties
Unit
Viscosity
SAE J300 Latest active issue
Shear Stability

High Shear Rate
Evaporative Loss
Sulphated Ash
Oil/Elastomer
Compatibility
CEC L-14-A-93
(Bosch injector)
CEC L-36-A-97
(Ravenfield)
CEC L-40-A-93 (Noack)
ASTM D874
CEC L-39-T-96
Foaming
Tendency
ASTM D982 without

option A
High Temperature
Foaming Tendency
Oxidation
Corrosion
ASTM D6082
High temp.
CEC L-85-T-99 (PDSC)
ASTM D5968
(HTCBT)
04/00 - Crankcase
Limits
E2-96 Issue 3 E3-96 Issue 3
E4-99
E5-99
No restriction except as defined by shear stability and
HTHS requirements. Manufacturers may indicate specific
viscosity requirements related to ambient temperatures.
XW-30 9.0
XW-40 12.0
Stay in Grade
XW-50 15.0
No requirements for single grades

measured @ 100C
mm2/s
Viscosity @ 150C and 106s-1 shear rate
mPa.s
3.5
%
% m/m
13
2.0
Max. variation of characteristics

after immersion for 7 days in fresh
oil without pre-ageing
Hardness DIDC
Tensile strength
Elongation rupture
Volume variation
Elastomer type
points
%
%
%
RE1
-1/+5
-50/+10
-60/+10
-1/+5
RE2-99
RE3
-2/+8
-25/+1
-7/+18
-45/+10
-35/+10
-20/+10
-7/+3
-1/+30
Sequence I (24C) 10-nil
Sequence II (94C) 50-nil
Sequence III (24C) 10-nil
RE4
-5/+5
-20/+10
-50/+10
-5/+5
ml
ml
Oxidation induction time

Used oil lead conc.
(Test temperature 135C)
min
35
ppm
100
Sequence IV (150C) 200-50
CR21 5/2/00 10:34 AM Page 1
Engine Tests
Requirements
Method
Bore Polishing/
Piston
Cleanliness
CEC L-42-T-99
(OM364LA)
Wear
CEC L-51-A-97
(OM602A)
Soot in Oil
ASTM D5967
(Mack T-8E)
(300 hours)
ASTM D4485
(Mack T-8) (250 hours)
Bore Polishing
Piston Cleanliness
Turbo Charger
Deposits
04/00 - Crankcase
CEC L-52-T-97
(OM441LA)
Properties
Bore polishing
Piston cleanliness
Average cylinder wear
Sludge
Oil consumption
Cam wear average
Viscosity increase @ 40C
Bore polishing
Cylinder wear, avg.
Oil consumption
Relative viscosity, 4.8% soot
1 test
2 test average
3 test average
Viscosity increase, 3.8% soot
1 test
2 test average
3 test average
Filter plugging differential pressure
Oil consumption
Bore polishing
Piston cleanliness
Boost pressure loss at 400 hours
Oil consumption
Unit
Limits
%
merit
m
merit
kg/test
m
%
%
m
kg/test
E2-96 Issue 3
3.5
40.0
3.5
9.4
16.0
50.0
-
E3-96 Issue 3
1.0
45.0
3.0
9.5
12.0
50.0
-
E4-99
50.0
90
7.0
20.0
10
E5-99
50.0
90
7.0
20.0
10
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.1
2.2
2.3
cSt
cSt
cSt
kPa
g/kWh
%
merit
%
kg/test
11.5
12.5
13.0
138
0.304
-
11.5
12.5
13.0
138
0.304
2.0
40.0
4
40
11.5
12.5
13.0
138
0.304
2.0
25.0
4
40
CR22 5/2/00 10:34 AM Page 1
Engine Tests
Requirements
Soot Induced
Wear
Wear (liner
ring-bearings)
04/00 - Crankcase
Method
(Cummins M11)
(Mack T-9)
Properties
Rocker pad average weight loss
@ 4.5% soot
1 test
2 test average
3 test average
Oil filter differential pressure EOT
1 test
2 test average
3 test average
Engine sludge
1 test
2 test average
3 test average
Avg. liner wear normalised to 1.75% soot
1 test
2 test average
3 test average
Average top ring weight loss
1 test
2 test average
3 test average
Used oil lead content increase
1 test
2 test average
3 test average
Unit
Limits
E2-96 Issue 3
E3-96 Issue 3
E4-99
E5-99
mg
mg
mg
6.5
7.5
8.0
kPa
kPa
kPa
79
93
100
merit
merit
merit
8.7
8.6
8.5
m
m
m
25.4
26.6
27.1
m
m
m
120
136
144
ppm
ppm
ppm
25
32
36
CR23 5/2/00 10:35 AM Page 1
ILSAC Specifications: GF-1

Test
Viscosity
Requirements
Engine Test
Requirements
Bench Test
Requirements
Limits
As defined by SAE J300
Sequence IID, Sequence IIIE,
Sequence VE, CRC L-38
API SG Limits apply. Tested

according to CMA Code of Practice
6 -1
HTHS viscosity @ 150C and 10 s
Volatility
Sim. dis. (ASTM D2887)
or evaporative loss (CEC L-40-T-87)
SAE 0W and 5W multigrades
All other SAE viscosity grades
GM EOFT Filterability
Foaming (Tendency/Stability)
ASTM D892 (Option A)
Sequence I, max.
Sequence II, max.
Sequence III, max.
Sequence IV, max.
Flash Point
ASTM D92 or
ASTM D93
Shear Stability
L-38 10 hour stripped viscosity
Homogeneity and miscibility
Federal test method 791B, method 3470
Additional
Requirements
04/00 - Crankcase
Sequence VI, EFEI

Catalyst Compatibility
Phosphorus content, %, wt.
SAE J 300 low temperature viscosity, mPa.s
Cranking
Pumping
2.9 min. (for all viscosity grades)
20%
25%
17%
20%
50%
max.
max.
max.
max.
max.
at 371C
1 hr. at 250C
at 371C
1 hr. at 250C
flow reduction
10/0
50/0
10/0
Report/Report
185C min.
200C min.
Must stay in grade
Shall remain homogeneous and
when mixed with SAE reference oils,
shall remain miscible
2.7% min.
0.12% max.
3500 max. @ -20C
30000 max. @ -25C
CR24 5/2/00 10:36 AM Page 1
ILSAC Specifications: GF-2
ILSAC GF-2 is applicable to SAE viscosity grades 0W-X, 5W-X and 10W-X grades only. Oils can be
licensed with the API Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System (EOLCS) from 15 October 1996.
The Sequence VI fuel economy engine test from ILSAC GF-1 is replaced with the Sequence VI-A.
Three categories of fuel economy improvement are possible with ILSAC GF-2.
ILSAC GF-2 oils have a phosphorus limitation of 0.10% maximum compared with 0.12%
maximum for GF-1.
Test
Viscosity
Requirements
Engine Test
Requirements
Bench Test
Requirements
Additional
Requirements
04/00 - Crankcase
Limits
0W-X, 5W-X, 10W-X
As defined by SAE J 300
Sequence IID, Sequence IIIE,

Sequence VE, CRC L-38
CEC L-40-A-93/L-40-T-87 (Noack), %
Phosphorus, %m
Flash Point (ASTM D92), C
Foaming (Tendency/Stability)
Sequence I, max.
Sequence II, max.
Sequence III, max.
High Temp. (ASTM 1392), max.
GM EOFT Filterability
Flow reduction, %
GM EOFT Modified
0.6/1.0% water
2.0/3.0% water
High temp. deposits (TEOST)
Deposit wt., mg
Gelation index
Sequence VI-A Fuel Economy
SAE 0W-20, 5W-20
Other SAE 0W-X, 5W-X
SAE 10W-X
API SG Limits apply. Tested

according to CMA Code of Practice
22 max.
0.10 max.
200 min.
10/0
50/0
10/0
200/50
Pass
50 max.
Rate/Report
Rate/Report
60 max.
12.0 max.
1.4% min.
1.1% min.
0.5% min.
CR25 5/2/00 10:37 AM Page 1
US Military Specifications: Engine Test Requirements

MIL-L
L-38
IID
IIIE
VE
1-H2
1-G2
Bearing Weight Loss, mg. max.

Avg. Rust, min.
Stuck Lifters
Viscosity Increase 64 hrs, 40C, %, max.
Piston Varnish, min.
Oil Ring Land Varnish, min.
Sludge, min.
Ring Sticking
Lifter Sticking
Cam or Lifter Scuffing
Cam plus Lifter Wear, avg. max., m
max., m
Avg. Sludge, min.
Rocker Cover Sludge, min.
Avg. Varnish, min.
Piston Varnish, min.
Oil Ring Clogging, %, max.
Oil Screen Plugging, %, max.
Ring Sticking
Cam Wear, avg. max., m
max., m
TGF, vol. %, max.
WTD, max.
TGF, vol. %, max.
WTD, max.
04/00 - Crankcase
46152D
46152E
2104E
40
8.5
None
375
8.9
3.5
9.2
None
None
None
30
64
9.0
7.0
5.0
6.5
15
20
None
127
381
45
140
-
40
8.5
None
375
8.9
3.5
9.2
None
None
None
30
64
9.0
7.0
5.0
6.5
15
20
None
127
381
45
140
-
50
8.1
None
None
64
178
8.5
6.5
4.2
6.0
15
23
None
203
457
80
300
CR26 5/2/00 10:38 AM Page 1
Additional Test Requirements for MIL-L-2104E

Test
Parameter
Detroit Diesel
6V-53T
(FTM 355T)
Piston Area
Avg. total deposits, max.
Hot stuck rings
Avg. Ring Face Distress, demerits, %, max.
Fire ring
No.s 2 and 3 compression
Liner and Head area
Average liner scuffing, %, max.
Valve distress
Port plugging, %
Total Immersion (Buna N)
Volume change, %
Hardness change, points
Dip Cycle (Polyacrylate)
Volume change, %
Tip Cycle (Silicone)
Volume change, %
Slip Time at 5500 cycles max.
Torque, Nm at 0.2s slip time, min.
between 1500 & 5500 cycles, max.
Stopping time increase, %, max.
Avg. total wear, m, max.
Allison C-3
(Seal)
C-3
(Time/Torque)
Caterpillar TO-2
Notes:
(1) 20% max. for 10W
(2) In duplicate tests
04/00 - Crankcase
MIL-L-2104E
400
None
Report
13.0
12.0
None
Report
0 to +5
-5 to +5
0 to 10
10 to 0
0 to +5
-10 to 0
0.85
101.7
40.7
15(1), (2)
350
CR27 5/2/00 10:38 AM Page 1
MIL-L-2104F Engine Test Requirements

Number of Tests Run
1K
IIIE
L-38
Mack T7
6V-92TA
04/00 - Crankcase
Top Groove Fill (TGF) %, max.

WDK Demerits, max.
Top Land Heavy Carbon (TLHC) %, max.
Oil Consumption, g/kWhr, max.
Scuffing and ring sticking
Viscosity Increase, 40C %, max.
Oil Ring land deposits, min.
Piston Skirt Varnish, min.
Sludge, min.
Stuck Rings
Stuck Lifters
Cam and Lifter scuffing
Cam plus Lifter wear:
Average max., m
Maximum, m
Piston Skirt Varnish, min.
Average rate of Viscosity Increase, last 50h, cSt @ 100C/h. max.
Skirts, Tin Removed
Wrist Pin Slipper Bushing, Copper removed
Ring Face Distress, demerits, max.
Fire Ring
No. 2 & 3 Compression Rings
Broken Rings
Cylinder Liner scuffing, %, max.
Port Plugging, % area, max.
Average
Single Cylinder
24
332
4
0.5
None
27
347
5
0.5
None
750
1.5
8.7
9.0
None
None
None
29
353
5
0.5
None
Report
Report
64
145
50
9.0
0.040
Report
Report
Report
Report
0.33
0.28
None
60.0
0.34
0.29
None
63.5
0.36
0.30
None
65.0
2
5
2
5
2
5
CR28 5/2/00 10:39 AM Page 1
MIL-L-2104F Transmission Test Requirements

Graphite
Allison C-4
Friction
Seals
Slip time at cycles, secs, max.

Mid-point co-efficient of friction at cycles min.
Total Immersion (Buna N)
Volume change, %
Hardness change, pts
Dip Cycle (Polyacrylate)
Volume change, %
Hardness change, pts.
Tip Cycle (Silicone)
Volume change, %
Total Immersion (Flouroelastomer)
Volume change, %
Paper
5500
0 -5,000
0.74
0.097
0.67
0.066
Cat TO-3
04/00 - Crankcase
Average dynamic co-efficient, %

After 3,000 cycles
After 8,000 cycles
After 15,000 cycles
After 25,000 cycles
Average static co-efficient, %
Disc wear, mm, max.
Energy limit, %
Stopping time increase, %
Average total wear, m
Seals
0.56
0.086
0 to +5
- 5 to +5
0 to +10
0 to +5
0 to +5
-10 to 0
0 to +4
- 4 to +4
Sequence 1220
Cat TO-4
5,000 - 10,000
Sequence FRRET
90 - 140
91 - 127
0.04
25
85
90
90
95
95
Report
Report
Report
130
125
125
125
120
CR29 5/2/00 10:40 AM Page 1
Two-Stroke Classification: API TC
API TC (CEC TSC-3)
Engine
Parameter
Limits
Yamaha CE 50S
Yamaha CE 50S
Yamaha 350 M2
Tightening, Mean Torque Drop

Pre-ignition, occurences
Piston Varnish
Ring Sticking
Piston Deposits
Piston Scuffing
Ref. Oil
1 max. in 50 hr test
Better than or equal to ref. oil
Notes:
TA (TSC-1) not released as a full specification, but the test methods are recognised by ASTM as valid for assessing the capabilities of two stroke oils.
TB (TSC-2) not released as a full specification due to the withdrawal of the supporting OEM. No new work is in progress.
04/00 - Crankcase
CR29 5/2/00 10:40 AM Page 1
Two-Stroke Classification: API TC
API TC (CEC TSC-3)
Engine
Parameter
Limits
Yamaha CE 50S
Yamaha CE 50S
Yamaha 350 M2
Tightening, Mean Torque Drop

Pre-ignition, occurences
Piston Varnish
Ring Sticking
Piston Deposits
Piston Scuffing
Ref. Oil
1 max. in 50 hr test
Better than or equal to ref. oil
Notes:
TA (TSC-1) not released as a full specification, but the test methods are recognised by ASTM as valid for assessing the capabilities of two stroke oils.
TB (TSC-2) not released as a full specification due to the withdrawal of the supporting OEM. No new work is in progress.
04/00 - Crankcase
CR30 5/2/00 10:51 AM Page 1
Two-Stroke Classifications: ISO/JASO

ISO
JASO
Lubricity
Torque Index
Detergency
Piston Skirt Deposits
Exhaust Smoke
Exhaust Blocking
EGB
EGC
FA
FB
FC
90 min.
98 min.
80 min.
40 min.
30 min.
Notes:
All limits are indices relative to reference oil, JATRE-1
Test Engines
Honda DIO AF27
Suzuki SX800R
Lubricity
Torque Index
Detergency, Piston Skirt Varnish
Exhaust Smoke
Exhaust Blocking
Piston Skirt Deposits rating not required by JASO
04/00 - Crankcase
95
98
85
85
45
45
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
95
98
95
90
85
90
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
min.
EGD
95 min.
98 min.
125 min.
95 min.
85 min.
90 min.
CR31 5/2/00 10:51 AM Page 1
Two-Stroke Classification: TISI 1040

Test
Parameter
Bench Tests
Viscosity, 100C, cSt

Viscosity Index
Flash Point, C
Pour Point, C
Sulphated Ash, % wt.
Metallic Element content, % wt.
Piston Seizure and Ring Scuffing
at fuel-oil ratio of 200:1
Detergency (general cleanliness)
Ring Sticking
Piston Cleanliness
Exhaust Port blocking
Exhaust Smoke
Kawasaki KH 125M
Suzuki SX 800R (JASO M 342-92)
Note:
Since mid-1991, all two-stroke oils used in Thailand are required to meet TISI requirements.
04/00 - Crankcase
Limits
5.6 - 16.3
95 min.
70 min.
-5 max.
0.5 max.
Report
No seizure
8 merit min.
48 merit min.
None
85 min.
CR32 5/2/00 10:53 AM Page 1
Two-Stroke Classification: NMMA TC-W3

Test
Parameter
Limits
ASTM Lubricity
NMMA Detergency
Torque Drop, average

Top Ring Sticking, average
Piston deposits, average
Spark Plug Fouling, occurrences
Exhaust Port Blocking
Pre-ignition, occurrences
Pre-ignition (major), occurrences
Decrease in Flow Rate, %
Ref. Oil
Max. 0.6 points below ref. oil
Max. 0.6 points below ref. oil
Max. 1 more than ref. oil
Max. 10% greater than ref. oil
Ref. oil
Max. of 1 in 100 hr test
Equal or better than ref. oil
Category 3 or 4 of SAE J1536
20 max.
ASTM Pre-ignition
NMMA Rust Test
SAE Miscibility Fluidity
NMMA Filterability
Note:
This specification was introduced in April 1992 to replace NMMA TC-W2 and offers improved ring-stick protection and lubricity, with higher anti-scuff performance.
04/00 - Crankcase
CR33 5/2/00 10:54 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: Mercedes-Benz Engine Test Requirements for Diesel Engine Oils
Sheet Number
227.0
227.1
228.0
228.1
228.2
228.3
228.5
Viscosity Grade
Mono
Multi
Mono
Multi
Mono
Multi
Multi
OM 602A (After 11.6.97,

Euroval tappets)
Piston Cleanliness
Bore Polishing, %
Cylinder Wear, avg., m
Cam Wear, avg., m
Oil Consumption, kg
Viscosity Increase, 40C, %
Engine Sludge avg.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
Bore Polishing, %
Piston Cleanliness
Engine Sludge avg.
Oil Consumption, kg
OM 441LA
Bore Polishing, %
Piston Cleanliness
Engine Sludge avg.
Engine Deposits demerit
Wear Rating demerit
Ring Sticking, ASF
Oil Consumption, g/hr.
Boost Pressure loss,
400 hrs., %
04/00 - Crankcase
20 min.
7.0 max.
20.0 max.
50.0 max.
10.0 max.
90 max.
8.8 min.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
14.0 max/6.0 max.
24.0 min/35.0 min.
8.0 max/4.0 max.
9.0 min/9.3 min.
25.0 max/20.0 max.
22 min.
6.0 max.
18.0 max.
50.0 max.
10.0 max.
80 max.
8.9 min.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
8.0 max/3.5 max.
31.0 min/40.0 min.
7.0 max/3.5 max.
9.0 min/9.4 min.
18.0 max/16.0 max.
24 min.
4.5 max.
15.0 max.
45.0 max.
10.0 max.
70 max.
8.9 min.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
2.5 max/1.0 max.
35.0 min/45.0 min.
6.0 max/3.0 max.
9.5 min/9.5 min.
12.0 max/12.0 max.
26 min.
3.0 max.
15.0 max.
45.0 max.
10.0 max.
60 max.
9.0 min.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
1.0 max/0.5 max.
50.0 min/50.0 min.
3.0 max/2.5 max.
9.5 min/9.6 min.
10.0 max/10.0 max.
2.0 max.
40.0 min
8.0 max.
9.0 min.
3.0 max.
2.5 max.
1.0 max.
100.0 max.
4.0 max.
CR33 5/2/00 10:54 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: Mercedes-Benz Engine Test Requirements for Diesel Engine Oils
Sheet Number
227.0
227.1
228.0
228.1
228.2
228.3
228.5
Viscosity Grade
Mono
Multi
Mono
Multi
Mono
Multi
Multi
OM 602A (After 11.6.97,

Euroval tappets)
Piston Cleanliness
Bore Polishing, %
Cam Wear, avg., m
Oil Consumption, kg
Engine Sludge avg.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
Bore Polishing, %
Piston Cleanliness
Engine Sludge avg.
Oil Consumption, kg
OM 441LA
Bore Polishing, %
Piston Cleanliness
Engine Sludge avg.
Engine Deposits demerit
Wear Rating demerit
Ring Sticking, ASF
Oil Consumption, g/hr.
Boost Pressure loss,
400 hrs., %
04/00 - Crankcase
20 min.
7.0 max.
20.0 max.
50.0 max.
10.0 max.
90 max.
8.8 min.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
14.0 max/6.0 max.
24.0 min/35.0 min.
8.0 max/4.0 max.
9.0 min/9.3 min.
25.0 max/20.0 max.
22 min.
6.0 max.
18.0 max.
50.0 max.
10.0 max.
80 max.
8.9 min.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
8.0 max/3.5 max.
31.0 min/40.0 min.
7.0 max/3.5 max.
9.0 min/9.4 min.
18.0 max/16.0 max.
24 min.
4.5 max.
15.0 max.
45.0 max.
10.0 max.
70 max.
8.9 min.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
2.5 max/1.0 max.
35.0 min/45.0 min.
6.0 max/3.0 max.
9.5 min/9.5 min.
12.0 max/12.0 max.
26 min.
3.0 max.
15.0 max.
45.0 max.
10.0 max.
60 max.
9.0 min.
OM 364A/OM 364LA
1.0 max/0.5 max.
50.0 min/50.0 min.
3.0 max/2.5 max.
9.5 min/9.6 min.
10.0 max/10.0 max.
2.0 max.
40.0 min
8.0 max.
9.0 min.
3.0 max.
2.5 max.
1.0 max.
100.0 max.
4.0 max.
CR34 5/2/00 10:55 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: Mercedes-Benz Sheet 229.1 for Passenger Car Engine Oils
Sheet Number
ACEA
Viscosity Grades, SAE
Chlorine, ppm
Relative Permittivity
Seals Tests
Engine Tests
M111E Sludge
Engine Sludge, avg.
Cam Wear, avg., m
OM 602A (after 11.6.97, Euroval tappets)
Piston Cleanliness
Bore Polishing, %
Cam Wear, avg., m
Oil Consumption, kg
Engine Sludge, avg.
04/00 - Crankcase
229.1
A2-96 or A3-96
B2-96 or B3-96
5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50,
10W-30, 10W-40, 10W-50, 10W-60,
15W-40, 15W-50, 20W-40, 20W-50
100 max.
Rate and Report
See last page of this section
RL 140 + 2 std. deviation

5.0 max.
20 min.
7.0 max.
20.0 max.
50.0 max.
10.0 max.
90 max.
8.8 min.
CR35 5/2/00 10:55 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: Mercedes-Benz Sheet 229.3 for Passenger Car Engine Oils
Sheet Number
ACEA
Chlorine, ppm
Seals Tests
Engine Tests
M111E Sludge
Engine Sludge, avg.
Cam Wear, avg., m
M111E Fuel Economy
OM 602A (after 11.6.97, Euroval tappets)
Piston Cleanliness
Bore Polishing, %
Cam Wear, avg., m
Oil Consumption, kg
Engine Sludge, avg.
VW PV 1449 (VW T4)
04/00 - Crankcase
229.3
A3-98, B3-98, B4-98
0W-X, 5W-X
100 max.
See last page of this section
RL 140 + 3 std. deviation (Batch 2 fuel)

RL 140 + 2 std. deviation (Batch 1 fuel)
3.0 max.
1.0 % min.
24 min.
4.5 max.
15.0 max.
45.0 max.
10.0 max.
70 max.
8.9 min.
To VW 502.00 limits
CR36 5/2/00 10:56 AM Page 1
OEM Specifications: MAN 270, MAN 271

Requirements
Performance Level: ACEA
SAE Viscosity Grades (J300)(1)
Viscosity after Shear, mm2/sec., min.
HTHS, mPa.s, min.
Zinc, % wt., min.
Ethylene Glycol, % wt., max.
Foaming Tendency, max., ml
Foam Stability, nil after (s) max.
NBR-28 Compatibility (100C/7 days)
Change in Hardness (Shore A), max.
Tensile Strength, % change, max.
Elongation Change, % of %, max.
Volume Change, %
FPM-AK6 Compatibility (150C/7 days)
Change in Hardness (Shore A)
Tensile Strength, % change, max.
Elongation Change, % of %, max.
Volume Change, %
MAN 270
MAN 271
E2-96
0.08
0.05
10/50/10
180/90/180
E2-96
10W-40
15W-40
20W-50
12.0(2)
3.5
0.08
0.05
10/50/10
180/90/180
-10
-20
-30
0/+10
-10
-20
-30
0/+10
-5/+5
-30
-40
-2/+5
-5/+5
-30
-40
-2/+5
10W, 20W-20
20W-30, 30, 40
Note:
(1) Other viscosities need MAN agreement, 10W-40 must contain 25% of unconventional base stocks.
(2) 15 min. for SAE 20W-50.
04/00 - Crankcase
CR37 5/2/00 10:57 AM Page 1
OEM Specifications: MAN 270, MAN 271
Additional Notes
1.
MWM B tests are no longer required or accepted for new oil approvals.
Approvals based on MWM B tests invalid after 31 May 1996.
2.
Evaporation loss, pour point and flash point limits:
SAE
SAE
SAE
SAE
SAE
SAE
SAE
SAE
3.
04/00
10-W
10W-40
15W-40
20W-20
20W-30
20W-50
30
40
Evaporation
Loss %, max.
Pour Point
max., C
Flash Point
(COC) min., C
15
13
13
13
13
13
10
10
-33
-30
-27
-24
-24
-24
-18
-15
205
215
215
210
210
215
220
225
Base oil blends to meet requirements of MAN N699.

Un-conventional base oils may require additional testing.
Crankcase
CR38 5/2/00 10:58 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: MAN M 3275

Requirements
SAE Viscosity Grades (J300)
MAN M 3275
5W-30
5W-40
HTHS Viscosity, mPa.s

Viscosity after Shear, mm2/s
Noack Evaporation Loss, %
Flash Point (COC), C
Pour Point, C
Zinc, %m
Ethylene Glycol, %m
Foaming Tendency, ml
Foam Stability, nil after s
Seal Tests NBR 28, AK6
Engine Tests
LEF/MAN 535
Piston merit
1st Groove merit
Bore Polishing, %
Oil Consumption, kg
OM 364A
Bore Polishing, %
Piston Cleanliness
Cylinder Wear, max., m
Sludge Rating
Oil Consumption, kg
-40 max.
10W-30
10W-40
3.5 min.
XW-30 9 min.
XW-40 12 min.
13 max.
215 min.
-30 max.
0.08 min.
0.05 max.
10/50/10 max. (Seq I/II/III)
Pass (See last page of this section)
Note:
Viscosity Grades:
Generally SAE 15W-40 with mineral base oil. Other viscosity grades may be approved by agreement e.g. SAE 10W-40
with unconventional base oil (minimum 25% in fully formulated oil), SAE 5W-30, 5W-40 (unconventional base oil only).
04/00 - Crankcase
70 min.
10 min.
Report
10 max.
2 max.
38 min.
3 max.
6 max.
9.5 min.
15 max.
15W-30
15W-40
-27 max.
CR39 5/2/00 10:58 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: MAN M 3277

Requirements
SAE Viscosity Grades (J300)
HTHS Viscosity, mPa.s
MAN M 3277
5W-X
Viscosity after Shear, mm2/s

Noack Evaporation loss, %
Pour Point, C
Zinc, %m
Sulphated Ash, %m
Ethylene Glycol, %m
Foaming Tendency, ml
Foam Stability, nil after s
Seal Tests NBR 28, AK6
Turbocharger deposits (MTU), mg
Engine Tests
OM 441LA
Soot in oil, %
Piston Cleanliness
Bore Polishing, %
Visual Wear, points
Cylinder Wear, mm.
Total Deposits, points
Sludge
Oil Consumption, g/hr
OM 602A
Soot in Oil, %
Bore Polishing, %
Piston Cleanliness
Sludge
Cam Wear, avg., m
Oil Consumption, kg
-40 max.
10W-X
3.5 min.
XW-30 9 min.
XW-40 12 min.
13 max.
215 min.
-30 max.
0.08 min.
2.0 max.
0.05 max.
Pass
120 max.
15W-X
-27 max.
Rate/Report
Rate/Report
40 min.
2.0 max.
2.5 max.
0.008 max.
3.0 max.
9.0 min.
100 max.
60 max.
Rate/Report
Rate/Report
3.0 max.
26 min.
9.0 min.
10 max.
28.0 max
10 max.
Note:
Viscosity Grades
Generally SAE 10W-40 using a minimum 25% of unconventional base oil. SAE 5W-X to use unconventional base oil only.
04/00 - Crankcase
CR40 5/2/00 11:04 AM Page 1
OEM Specifications: Volkswagen 500.00, 501.01, 505.00, 502.00

Requirements
Performance Level,
CCMC, min. ACEA, min.
Sulphated Ash, % m
HTHS, 150C, 106s-1
Seal Compatibility, PV-3344
Valve Train Wear, PV-5106
Piston Cleanliness/Wear, PV-9800 (VW 1302)
PV-1449 (VW T4)
Piston Cleanliness, PV-1435 (b)
Piston Cleanliness, Intercooled T/C Diesel
Sludge, M102E
Sludge, M111E
Evaporation Loss, %
VW 500.00
VW 501.01
VW 505.00
VW 502.00
G5
G4
PD-2
A2-96 or A3-96
5W-30
5W-40
10W-30
10W-40
1.5 max.
3.5 min.
1.5 max.
3.5 min.
3.5 min.
(a)
(a)
-
13 max.
(c)
(c)
As listed in Note (c) below
Notes:
(a) Only required when sulphated ash is less than 1.5%.
(b) Not required when Intercooled T/C Diesel data is available.
(c) 13 max for SAE 5W-50, 10W-50/60, 15W-40/50, 20W-40/50; 15 max for SAE 5W-30/40, 10W-30/40.
04/00 - Crankcase
0W-30, 0W-40, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50

10W-30,10W-40,10W-50,10W-60
15W-40,15W-50, 20W-40, 20W-50
1.5 max.
3.5 min.
0W-X, 15 max.
5W-X, 10W-X, 15 max.
15W-X, 20W-X, 13 max.
CR41 5/2/00 11:05 AM Page 1
OEM Specifications: Volkswagen 503.00, 506.00

Requirements
Performance Level, ACEA
HTHS, 150C, 106 s-1
Sulphated Ash, % m
Evaporation loss, % m
M111E sludge
VW T4 (PV 1449)
Fuel Economy (PV 1451)
Cam and Tappet (PV 5106)
RNT Wear Test
VW DI Diesel (PV 1452)
Seals Tests
AK6
ACM
VAMAC
VW 503.00
Notes:
Based on Factory Fill Oil specification VW 521 73.
VW 503.00 is Service Fill for gasoline engines with extended drain capability 30,000km. or two years, from May 1999 (2000 model year).
VW 506.00 is Service Fill for diesel engines with extended drain capability 50,000km. or two years, from May 1999 (2000 model year).
04/00 - Crankcase
VW 506.00
A3-98
B4-98
0W-30, 0W-40, 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40
2.9 - 3.4
1.5 max
13.0 max.
CR42 5/2/00 11:06 AM Page 1
Volvo Drain Specification (VDS)
Performance
Requirements
API CD/CE
Field Trial
Requirements
Minimum of three trucks required equipped with Volvo 12 litre intercooled

engine. Field trial shall run for minimum 300,000 km. with 50,000 km. oil
and filter changes. Test vehicles should be run on fuel with max. 0.7%
by weight sulphur. Oil samples taken after 15,000, 30,000 and 50,000 km.
of the change interval are tested for viscosity at 100C (ASTM D445).
The values must not be less than:
Viscosities shall be 10W-30 or 15W-40,

(10W-30 approval includes 15W-40 but not vice versa).
9 cSt for 10W-30

12 cSt for 15W-40
TBN (ASTM D2896) value must not be less than 50% of the fresh oil
value. Wear rate must not increase during the test. Oil consumption
must not increase during the test. Bore polishing to be 300 cm2 max.
for the entire engine (100 cm2 max. for any individual liner).
04/00
Crankcase
CR42 5/2/00 11:06 AM Page 1
Volvo Drain Specification (VDS)
Performance
Requirements
API CD/CE
Field Trial
Requirements
Minimum of three trucks required equipped with Volvo 12 litre intercooled

engine. Field trial shall run for minimum 300,000 km. with 50,000 km. oil
and filter changes. Test vehicles should be run on fuel with max. 0.7%
by weight sulphur. Oil samples taken after 15,000, 30,000 and 50,000 km.
of the change interval are tested for viscosity at 100C (ASTM D445).
The values must not be less than:
Viscosities shall be 10W-30 or 15W-40,

(10W-30 approval includes 15W-40 but not vice versa).
9 cSt for 10W-30

12 cSt for 15W-40
TBN (ASTM D2896) value must not be less than 50% of the fresh oil
value. Wear rate must not increase during the test. Oil consumption
must not increase during the test. Bore polishing to be 300 cm2 max.
for the entire engine (100 cm2 max. for any individual liner).
04/00
Crankcase
CR43 5/2/00 11:07 AM Page 1
Volvo Drain Specification - 2 (VDS-2)
Oils meeting VDS-2 are recommended for Volvo truck

engines meeting the 1996 European emission requirements.
To meet the requirements of Volvo Drain Specification-2 a field test
as specified below is necessary. Upon completion of the test, various
engine parts shall be inspected and evaluated.
Test Conditions
Field test to involve a minimum of three trucks.

Test oil shall be minimum ACEA E3 or API CG-4 of viscosity 5W30,
5W40, 10W30, 10W40 or 15W40. Other viscosity grades can be
accepted after agreement with Volvo.
Trucks used for the test to be equipped with Volvo TD 123 Series,
12 litre intercooled engine.
Field Test
Field test to be run for minimum of 300,000 km. with 60,000 km.
oil change intervals.
During the test, oil samples are taken after 15,000, 30,000, 45,000
and 60,000 km. of the change interval and checked with respect to:Viscosity at 100C:
(ASTM D445)
To be between 9 cSt and 140% of the fresh oil

value for XW-30 oils, and between 12 cSt and
140% of the fresh oil value for XW-40 oils.
TBN (ASTM D4739):
Value must not be less than 50% of the fresh

oil value, or below 4, whichever is the greater.
TAN (ASTM D664):
Report
Pentane Insolubles:
Report
Wear Metals:
Concentration must not increase during the test.
Additive elements:
Report
In addition, oil and fuel consumption are measured during the test,
oil consumption must not increase.
Inspection
and Evaluation
Upon completion of the field test, the following engine components

are inspected:Pistons, Piston rings, Cylinder liners, Tappets, Camshaft, Rocker arms,
Valves, Bearings. Cleanliness of covers and oil sump also inspected.
For oils qualified to VDS-2, read-across to other viscosity grades,
VI improvers or base oils than those used in the field test can be
accepted after agreement with Volvo.
04/00
Crankcase
Volvo Drain Specification - 3 (VDS-3)
VDS-3 is the oil quality intended for Volvo Truck Euro 3 engines.
Engine:
Field Test:
Test Length
and Drain
Intervals:
D12C (any version > 400 hp) fitted to FH12 or FM12 trucks.
European Long Haul Service only, two trucks minimum.
GVW up to 44t:
3 x 100,000 km oil drains with oil samples

taken at 0, 25,000, 50,000, 75,000 and 100,000 km.
GVW over 44t:
4 x 75,000 km oil drains with oil samples

taken at 0, 25,000, 50,000 and 75,000 km.
Field test to commence before engine reaches 50,000 km.

Limits:
On completion of field trial, engine parts will be inspected

for piston cleanliness, bore polish and ring wear.
Limits are tiered according to two or three truck tests.
Other
Requirements:
04/00
For VDS-3 oils sold in Europe, ACEA E5-99 performance

to be demonstrated, and outside Europe, API CH-4.
Crankcase
CR45 5/2/00 11:09 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: MTU MTL 5044

Engine Test Requirements
Bore Polishing, %
Piston Cleanliness
Cam Wear, avg., m
Engine Sludge
Oil Consumption, kg
OM 364A
Type 2
Type 1/1*
Type 2
14.0 max.
24 min.
8 max.
9.0 min.
25.0 max.
-
2.5 max.
35 min.
6 max.
9.5 min.
12.0 max.
-
7.0 max.
20 min.
12.0 max.
30.0 max.
8.8 min.
10 max.
90 max.
4.5 max.
24 min.
10.0 max.
28.0 max.
8.9 min.
10 max.
70 max.
Chemical - Physical
Requirements Oil Types 1, 1*, 2
Viscosity, SAE
HTHS, 150C, 106s-1
Evaporation Loss, %m
Sulphated Ash, %m
TBN, mg KOH/g
Viscosity after Shear, cSt
Chlorine, ppm
Zinc, %m
Deposits, MTV5040, mg
Seals, NBR 28, AK6
OM 602A
Type 1/1*
Single Grade
30
Multigrade
40
5W-30, 10W-30, 15W-30
225 min.
10 max.
1.0 - 2.0
8 min.
150 max.
0.035 min.
See last page
Classification of Engine Oils:

Oil Type 1: Normal quality (ACEA E1-96, E2-96)
Oil Type 1*: Type 1 with increased corrosion inhibition. Type 1* oils also require corrosion testing, Hydrobromic Acid/Sea Water.
Oil type 2:
High quality (SHPD, ACEA E3-96)
Other tests required, Rate and Report only.
04/00 - Crankcase
5W-40, 10W-40, 15W-40

3.5 min.
215 min.
13 max
1.0 - 2.0
8 min.
9 min.
12 min.
150 max.
0.035 min.
100 max.
See last page
CR46 5/2/00 11:10 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: Mack EO-K/2

Test
Mack T-6
Mack T-7
Field Test
Parameter
Oil consumption (2100 rpm.), lb/BHP hr., avg., max.
Ring Weight Loss (Nos. 1 and 2 avg.), mg, max.
Ring Proudness, inches, max.
Viscosity Increase @ 99C, cSt, max.
Piston Demerits, max.
* Total Merits, min.
Rate of viscosity increase, 100 hr - 150 hr, cSt/hr, max.
To involve more than one vehicle, using the product in Mack
engines at Macks recommended drain intervals for 200,000 miles.
Note:
* Mack Merit Rating System - Relative Importance of Test Criteria and Merit Calculations.
Oil Consumption
Ring Weight Loss
Proudness
Viscosity Increase
Piston Demerits
04/00 - Crankcase
% of Total Merits
25
25
20
20
10
Limits
Absolute
0.0014
200
0.020
14
650
90
0.04
Preferred
0.0010
150
0.015
5.5
600
100
-
CR47 5/2/00 11:11 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: Mack EO-L

Test
Parameter
Limits
Mack T-6
Oil Consumption (2100 rpm.), lb/BHP hr., avg., max.

Ring Weight Loss (Nos. 1 and 2 avg.), mg., max.
Ring Proudness, inches, max.
Viscosity Increase, 100C, cSt, max.
Piston Demerits, max.
Total Merits, min.*
TGA soot at end of test, min., %
Pressure differential across oil filter assembly, PSI, max.
Oil Viscosity increase, 100C, from minimum during test.
Total number of tests
1
2
3
Oil Consumption, lb/BHP hr., max.
End of Test Oil Viscosity, TGA soot level
0,0010
150
0.015
5.0
600
110
3.8
20
Mack T-8
Note:
* See EO-K/2 specification for explanation of Mack Merit Rating System.
Approvals
Preferred viscosity: SAE 15W-40
Base Oil Characterisation Analysis: Data to be presented.
Read across requests are evaluated on an individual basis depending on additive package, VI Improver and base-stock properties.
Approved lubricant supplier agrees to participate in the Mack EO-L Monitoring Program.
04/00 - Crankcase
Viscosity increase
11.5 cSt max.
12.5 cSt max.
13.0 cSt max.
0.0005
Report
CR48 5/2/00 11:11 AM Page 1
OEM Specification: Mack EOM Plus

Test
Parameter
Mack T-8E (300 hr)
Viscosity Increase, 3.8% soot, cSt

Relative Viscosity, 4.8% soot
Slope @ 4.8% soot
Slope @ 275 hours or 5.8% soot
Top Ring Weight Loss, mg
Cylinder Liner Wear, m
Increase in Lead concentration, ppm
Increase in Lead, 400-500 hr., ppm
Increase in TAN
Increase in TBN
Cross Head Wear, 6.5% soot, mg
Viscosity Increase, 64 hrs., %
Mack T-9
Cummins M11 (300 hr)

Sequence IIIE
Note:
(1) According to ring batch
Application:
V-MAC Engines
Mack Centri-Max Rotor & Oil Filtration System.
Viscosity Grades:
SAE 10W-30, 15W-40 or SAE 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-40 using unconventional base oils.
04/00 - Crankcase
Limits
11.5 max.
1.8 max.
0.5 max.
0.75 max.
100/75(1)
25.4 max.
20 max.
10 max.
3.0 max.
Rate/Report
12.0 max.
100 max.
Cummins Engine Oil Specifications

CES
API
ACEA
SAE Viscosity Grades
Sulphated Ash, % max

Tests
Cummis M11 (200 hrs)
Cummins M11 (300 hrs)
Caterpillar 1P
Caterpillar 1K
Mack T-9
Mack T-8 (250 hrs)
Mack T-8E (300 hrs)
Roller Follower Wear Test
Sequence IIIE
HEUI
Corrosion Bench Test
OM 364A/LA
OM 441LA
OM 602A
PDSC
04/00 - Crankcase
200071
20072
20076
20077
CH-4
15W40
1.5
E3-96
10W30
10W40
15W40
1.85
10W30
XW30
XW40
1.85
E5-99
10W30
10W40
15W40
1.85
CR49 5/2/00 11:12 AM Page 1
European OEM Seal Test Requirements for Automotive Engine Oils

Test Conditions
OEM
Mercedes
Benz
MAN
Volkswagen
Specs
Sheets
229.1, 229.3
227.0/1
228.0/1
228.2/3
228.5
270, 271
M 3275
M 3277
500.00
501.01
502.00
505.00
503.00
506.00
04/00 - Crankcase
Test
Method
VDA
675301
Closed
test cup
Test Limits
Elastomer
Temp.
(C)
Time
(Hrs)
Elongation
Tensile
(%)
Strength (%)
Hardness
(Shore-A)
Volume
(%)
Cracking
NBR 34
AK6
ACM
E7503
EAM
D8948-200
100
150
168
168
-35 max.
-50 max.
-20% max.
-40% max.
-8/+2
-5/+5
0/+10
0/+5
150
168
-45 max.
-30% max.
-2/+6
-3/+10
150
168
-45 max.
-35% max.
-5/+5
0/+15
NBR 28
100
168
-30 max.
-20 max.
-10 max
0/+10
AK6
150
168
-40 max.
-30 max.
-5/+5
-2/+5
PV 3344
AK6
150
282
160 min.
8.0 MPa min.
Report
No cracks,
100% elongation
after 30 mins.
PV 3344
AK6
ACM
VAMAC
150
150
150
168
500
500
160 min.
-40 max.
-40 max.
7.0 MPa min.

-40 max.
-40 max.
-4/+10
-4/+10
None
-
DIN 53521
Driveline
Dcontent 5/2/00 11:39 AM Page 1
Contents
Driveline
Automotive Gear:
API Lubricant Service Designations
MIL-L-2105D Viscosity Classification
Defence Standard 91-59/1
MACK GO-H Requirements
MACK GO-J and GO-J PLUS Requirements
MACK TO - A PLUS Requirements
MAN 341 Specification
MIL-L-2105D/E Performance Requirements
MT-1 Category Tests and Acceptance Criteria
Scania STO: 1
Volvo Transmission Oil Specification 1273.07 and 1273.12
ZF Specifications: Master List
Industrial Gear:
AGMA 9005-D94 Viscosity Grades and Specification
A.F. Flender AG Approval Requirements
David Brown Number S1.53 101 Specification
DIN 51517 Part 3 Specification
US Steel 224 Requirements
Comparison of Industrial Gear Oil Specifications
Automatic Transmission Fluids:

Caterpillar TO - 4 Requirements
Ford MERCON Specification
General Motors Allison C-4 Specification
General Motors DEXRON II, IIE and III Specifications
DR1 5/2/00 11:40 AM Page 1
API Lubricant Service Designation for Automotive Manual Transmission(1) & Axles
This material was prepared by the Lubricants service Classification Task Force
of the Fuels and Lubricants Committee, Marketing Department, American
Petroleum Institute, to assist manufacturers and users of automotive equipment
in the selection of transmission and axle lubricants for the operating conditions
as described.
In transmissions, and particularly in rear axles, gears of different designs are
available for a variety of different service conditions. Selection of a lubricant for
specific applications involves careful consideration of the operating conditions
and the chemical and physical characteristics of the lubricant to meet these
service conditions. Until recently, transmission and differential lubricants were
described in qualitative terms and by a variety of designations, each one
attempting to describe both the lubricant and the service conditions under
which the lubricant must perform. Consideration of these lubricant designations
to a minimum number was deemed highly desirable in the light of present day
technology. The American Petroleum Institute, therefore, prepared six lubricant
service designations for automotive manual transmissions and axles, each
designation referring to the performance required of a gear lubricant for
a specific type of automotive service. These designations also recognise
the possibility that lubricant may be developed for more than one service
classification and as a result may be so designated.
In developing the language for the service classifications, a need was recognised
to supplement the descriptions for certain gear lubricants, particularly those for
hypoid gears, by referring to a series of tests which would serve as a test
language to provide more detailed information on the performance requirements
of such lubricant. This test language was developed by Section III of Technical
Division B on Automotive Lubricants of ASTM Committee D-2, and reference is
made to these test procedures in the API service designations described below.
This system of designations replaced all previous API gear lubricant designations
and became effective May 1, 1969. These designations are as follows:API-GL-1
Designates the type of service characteristic of automotive spiral-bevel and

worm-gear axles and some manually operated transmissions operating under
such mild conditions of low unit pressures and sliding velocities, that straight
mineral oil can be used satisfactorily. Oxidation and rust inhibitors, defoamers, and
pour depressants may be utilised to improve the characteristics of lubricants for
this service. Frictional modifiers and extreme pressure agents shall not be utilised.
API-GL-2
Designates the type of service characteristic of automotive type worm-gear

axles operating under such conditions of load temperature and sliding
velocities, that lubricants satisfactory for API-GL-1 service will not suffice.
API-GL-3
Designates the type of service characteristic of manual transmissions and

spiral-bevel axles operating under moderately severe conditions of speed
and load. These service conditions require a lubricant having load carrying
capacities greater than those which will satisfy API-GL-1 service, but below
the requirements of lubricants satisfying API-GL-4 service.
04/00
Driveline
DR2 5/2/00 11:42 AM Page 1
API Lubricant Service Designation
API-GL-4
This classification is still used commercially to describe lubricants, but the

equipment required for the anti-scoring test procedures to verify lubricant
performance is no longer available.
Designates the type of service characteristic of gears, particularly hypoid(2)
in passenger cars and other automotive type of equipment operated under
high-speed, low-torque, and low-speed, high-torque conditions.
Lubricants suitable for this service are those which provide anti-score protection
equal to or better than that defined by CRC Reference Gear Oil RGO-105 and
have been subjected to the test procedures and provide the performance levels
described in ASTM STP-512A, dated March 1987(3).
API-GL-5
Designates the type of service characteristic of gears, particularly hypoid in

passenger cars and other automotive equipment operated under high-speed,
shock-load; high-speed, low-torque; and low-speed, high-torque conditions.
Lubricants suitable for this service are those which provide anti-score protection
equal to or better than that defined by CRC Reference Gear Oil RGO-110 and
have been subjected to the test procedures and provide the performance levels
described in ASTM STP-512A dated March 1987(2).
API-GL-6
This category is obsolete and is listed for historical reference only.

The equipment used to measure performance is no longer available.
Footnotes:
(1). Automatic or semi-automatic transmissions, fluid couplings, torque

converters, and tractor hydraulic systems usually require special
lubricants. For the proper lubricant to be used, consult the manufacturer
or lubricant supplier.
(2). Limited - slip differentials generally have special lubricant requirements.
The lubricant supplier shall be consulted regarding the suitability of their
lubricant for such differentials. Information helpful in evaluating lubricants for
this type of service may be found in the latest edition of ASTM & STP-512A.
(3). The complete publication is titled Laboratory Performance Tests
for Automotive Gear Lubricants intended for API-GL-5 Service.
Note:
04/00
API GL-4 oils are not suitable for highly-loaded hypoid axles. API GL-4 oils
are used in synchronised manual transmissions and transaxles as well as
in mild hypoid and spiral bevel axles.
Driveline

70W
2
Viscosity at 100C min, mm /s

max, mm2/s
max. temp, C
20 hr. KRL Shear (CRC L-45-T-93),
KV100 after Shear, mm2/s
Flash Point, C
75W

80W
85W
90
140
250
13.5
< 24.0
24.0
< 41.0
41.0
No req.
4.1
4.1
7.0
No requirement
11.0
-55
-40
-26
-12
4.1
4.1
7.0
11.0
No requirement
13.5
24.0
41.0
No requirement
No requirement
Viscosity at 100C min, mm2/s
max, mm2/s
max. temp, C
Flash Point, min, C
04/00 - Driveline
75W
80W-90
85W-140
4.1
-
13.5
< 24.0
24.0
< 41.0
-40
-26
-12
-45
150
-35
165
-20
180
DR4 5/2/00 11:44 AM Page 1
DEF STAN 91-59/1 Lubricating Oil, Extreme Pressure

Grades 75W and 80W90: Joint Service Designation OEP-38 and OEP-220 Respectively
Property
Limits
OEP-38
OEP-220
Clear homogenous and
free from visual impurities
Appearance
Test Method
Visual Examination
Viscosity Kinematic mm /s @100C

min.
max.
Viscosity Index, min.
Low Temperature Viscosity: mPa.s
@ -26C max.
@ -40C max.
Detection of Copper Corrosion
Copper Strip Classification max
Condition of Copper Strip
Detection of Steel Corrosion
Appearance of test piece
Foaming tendency and
stability characteristics:
Sequence I, ml, max.
Sequence II, ml, max.
Sequence III, ml, max.
Additive Elements
Extreme Pressure Properties
Mean Hertz Load, kg, min.
Average Wear Scar Diameter
mm. max.
Thermal oxidation stability (TOST)

Kinematic viscosity @ 100C
increase percent, max.
Change in total acid number
mg KOH/g, max.
Pentane Insolubles % m/m, max.
Toluene Insolubles % m/m, max.
High Torque test
Condition of Gear Teeth
Condition of Half-Shaft
and Axle Housing
High speed shock
Storage Stability
Solid % m/m, max.
Liquid % volume, max.
4.1
85
13.5
24.0
-
150 000
150 000
-
3
No pitting or etching
No rusting or pitting
20/0
20/0
50/0
50/0
20/0
20/0
See clause 6.1
75
0.5
100
3.0
3.0
2.0
The performance of the oil shall
be superior to that of the CRC
reference oil RGO 104
The performance of the oil shall
be superior to that of the CRC
reference oil RGO 110
0.25
0.50
BS 2000 Part 71 or
ASTM D445: IP 71
ASTM 2270, IP 226
ASTM D2983
BS 2000 Part 154 or
ASTM D130: IP 154
3 hrs at 121C
BS 2000 Part 135
ASTM D665: IP 135
Procedure A
BS 2000 Part 146
ASTM D892/IP 146
See clause 6.1
IP 239 10 second run
Ball Pot Maintained
at 75 1C
Load 40 kg
Running Period 60 mins
Annex A
BS 2000: Part 71 or
ASTM D445: IP 71
BS 2000: Part 177 or
ASTM D664: IP 177
ASTM D 893
Procedure B
ASTM D 893
Procedure B
IP 232
Procedure B
(1)
The Chrysler Avenger

test rig has been
found suitable
(1)
Annex B
Note:
(1) Test facilities for these tests are available at DQA/TS Woolwich.
The above requirements are absolute and not subject to correction for tolerance of test method.
This specification is currently (March 2000) under review.
04/00 - Driveline
DR5 5/2/00 11:45 AM Page 1
MACK GO-H
Test
Power Divider
Snap Test 5GT11
MIL-L-2105D
Test for Transmission and Carrier Radial
Lip Seal 5 GT 75
Timken Bearing
Corrosion 09196
Thermal Oxidation Stability
Gear Oil Spalling Test 5 GT 71A

Transmission Test for Evaluation of
Thermally Stable Gear Oils 5 GT 73
Covering SAE 90, SAE 140, SAE 80W-90 and SAE 85W-140 oils
Parameters
Condition of cams and divider wedges:
Breakage
Chipping
Scoring
Hard snaps during test
Full approval required
Immersion at 93C for 100 hours:
Appearance
Blistering
Gum
Tackiness
Brittleness
Swelling
Sample heated for 6 hours at 150C. Bearing dipped in sample and drained for 1 hr.
Bearing placed in humidity cabinet for 3 hrs. @ 60C in 100% humidity.
Rust at end of test, max.
200g/sample in uncovered 400 ml. beaker for 100 hrs. at 150C in a gravity convection oven
Evaporation Loss, max, %
Viscosity Increase at 99C, max, %
Precipitation Number, max.
Minimum B 10 life of 50% above the GO-G reference
No missed shifts and no measurable shifter fork wear at the centre of the pads
Note:
The lubricant must be a blend from well-refined virgin base stocks (high viscosity index - 95 min.) compounded with load-carrying and lubricity ingredients.
The oil shall be stable and contain no abrasive or corrosive ingredients.
04/00 - Driveline
Limits
none
none
none
none
as original
none
none
none
none
none
none
10
15
0.65
160 hours minimum
Minimum
65,000 cycles
DR6 5/2/00 11:46 AM Page 1
Gear Oil Requirements
MACK GO-J and GO-J Plus
Highway (Class A, B)(1)

Vocational (Class AA, BB, C, CC)(1)
Off-Road (Class D)(1)
Test
Rust Protection
Copper Corrosion
Foaming Tendencies
Oil Seal Compatibility
PG2 Oil Seal Compatibility
Thermal Capability
SS+C
Storage Stability
Compatibility
Surface Protection
Surface Protection
Cyclic Durability Test
Power Divider Snap Test
Tapered Bearing Shear
Spalling Test
Wet Axle Gear Durability
Field Testing
Monitoring Program
Standard Drain (GO-J)
500,000 Miles or 3 Years

80,000 Miles or 1 Year
6 Months

6 Months
Procedure
Extended Drain Limits
Standard Drain Limits
ASTM L33
ASTM D130
ASTM D892
ASTM D5662
ASTM D5662
ASTM L-60-1
Fed. Test No. 791C
Method 3440.1
Method 3430.2
ASTM L42
ASTM L37
ASTM D5579
MAT 700 WI
DIN 51 350 Part 6, Test C
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
100 hr. test

-
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
1.5 times(2)
Stay in Grade
17% Max. Change
-
(2)
Stay in Grade
17% Max. Change
-
(2)
Not Required
Section 3.9
*
Required
Section 3.10
Section 3.11
MAT 701 WI
ASTM L-37 (Modified)
MAT XXX WI
-
Notes:
(1) Vehicle classification as determined for Mack Trucks vehicle warranty.
(2) ML-PRF-2105E Limits
04/00 - Driveline
Extended Drain (GO-J Plus)
500,000 miles
Required
Comment
Section
Section
Section
Section
Section
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Section 3.8
DR7 5/2/00 11:49 AM Page 1
Transmission Oil Requirements
MACK TO - A Plus
Extended Drain (TO-A Plus)

Highway (Class A,B)(1)
Vocational (Class AA, BB, C, CC)(1)
Off-Road (Class D)
Test
Copper Corrosion
Foaming Tendencies
Oil Seal Compatibility
Thermal Capability
Cyclic Durability
Compatibility
Tapered Bearing Shear
Scuffing Resistance (FZG)
Field Test
Monitoring Program
Pour Point

Not Available
Procedure
Extended Drain Limits
ASTM D130
ASTM D892
ASTM D5662
ASTM L-60-1
ASTN D5579
Fed. Test No. 791C Method 3430.2
DIN 51 350 Part 6, Test C
ASTM D5182
ASTM D97
ASTM D5760 Limits

ASTM D5760 Limits
ASTM D5760 Limits
1.5 X ASTM D5760 Limits
MIL-PRF-2105E Limits
Stay in Grade, 17% Max. Change
ASTM D5760 Limit
500,000 miles
Required
-40C minimum
Note:
(1) Vehicle classification as determined for Mack Trucks warranty.
04/00 - Driveline
Comment
Section
Section
Section
Section
-
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
DR8 5/2/00 11:50 AM Page 1

Type
SAE Viscosity Class
Density at 15C, g/ml.
Maximum Temperature at which the Brookfield Viscosity is 150,000 mPa.s,C
Kinematic Viscosity at 40C, mm2/s.
Kinematic Viscosity at 100C, mm2/s, min.
Viscosity at 100C after Shear (20hr. KRL), mm2/s.
Flash Point, C, min.
Pour Point, C, max.
Total Acid No., mg KOH/g
Boron Content, mg/kg
Phosphorus, % mass
Chlorine, mg/Kg, max.
Oxidation Stability (160C/200hr) - CEC-L-48
Viscosity Increase @ 100C, mm2/s.
Change in TAN, mg KOH/g
Sludge Formation
Steel Corrosion (DIN 51355 Method B), max.
Copper Corrosion (3 hrs at 120C), max.
Foaming Tendency/Stability, ml, max.
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
MAN Seal Tests (168hr: 100C NBR-28, 150C AK6 & ACM 121433)
N and ML
SL
80W
80W90
85W90
90
Report
-26
Report
7.0
Report
-26
Report
13.5
Report
Report
13.5
190
-27
Report
Report
Report
50
190
-27
Report
Report
Report
50
Report
-12
Report
13.5
Stay in Grade
200
-21
Report
Report
Report
50
200
-21
Report
Report
Report
50
190
-40
Report
Report
Report
50
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
2 max
2 max
None
1
1B
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
Testing Required for new Additive Technologies

API GL-4 Performance
FZG Pitting (C/8.3/90), 3 Runs, Hours, min.
FZG Micropitting Test (C/8.3/90)
FZG PITS Test (Ci80 TS)
Field Test for SL Grades (half with retarders)
Note:
(1) Must be in grade: SAE 75W80W = 7.0 to 10.99 mm2/s. SAE 75W85W = 11.0 to 13.49 mm2/s.
04/00 - Driveline
Meet
90
Report
> 2 x Reference Oil (Mobil NB80)
400,000 Km.
75W80W
75W85W
Report
-40
Report
(1)
DR9 5/2/00 11:51 AM Page 1

Type
SAE Viscosity Class
Kinematic Viscosity at 40C, mm2/s
Viscosity at 100C after Shear (20hr KRL), mm2/s.
Pour Point, C, max.
Phosphorus, % mass
Chlorine, mg/kg, max.
Oxidation Stability (160C/200hr) -CEC-L-48
Viscosity Increase @ 100C, mm2/s.
Change in Total Acid Number, mg KOH/g
Sludge Formation
Steel Corrosion (DIN 51355 Method B)
Copper Corrosion (3 hrs at 120C), max.
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
N and ML
80W
Report
-26
Report
7.0
80W90
Report
-26
Report
13.5
190
-27
Report
Report
Report
50
SL
90
Report
Report
13.5
75W90
Report
-40
Report
13.5
190
-27
Report
Report
Report
50
85W90
Report
-12
Report
13.5
Stay in Grade
200
-21
Report
Report
Report
50
200
-21
Report
Report
Report
50
190
-40
Report
Report
Report
50
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
2 max.
2 max.
None
1
1B
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass

Field Test for SL Grades samples every 50,000 Km
04/00 - Driveline
Meet
90
Report
400,000 Km.
DR10 5/2/00 11:55 AM Page 1

Type
SAE Viscosity Class
Kinematic Viscosity at 40C, mm2/s
Viscosity at 100C after Shear (20hr KRL), mm2/s.
Pour Point, C, max.
Phosphorus, % mass
Chlorine, mg/kg, max.
Oxidation Stability (160C/200hr) - CEC-L-48
Viscosity Increase @ 100C, mm2/s
Change in Total Acid Number, mg KOH/g
Sludge Formation
Steel Corrosion (DIN 51355 Method B), max.
Copper Corrosion (3 hrs ar 120C), max.
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
N and ML
80W
Report
-26
Report
7.0
80W90
Report
-26
Report
13.5
190
-27
Report
Report
Report
50
SL
90
Report
Report
13.5
75W90
Report
-40
Report
13.5
190
-27
Report
Report
Report
50
85W90
Report
-12
Report
13.5
Stay in Grade
200
-21
Report
Report
Report
50
200
-21
Report
Report
Report
50
190
-40
Report
Report
Report
50
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
Report
Report
Report
1
1B
2 max
2 max
None
1
1B
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass
20/0
50/0
20/0
Pass

Field Test for SL Grades (half with retarders)
04/00 - Driveline
Meet
90
Report
400,000 Km.
DR11 5/2/00 11:56 AM Page 1
August 1987
Performance Requirements for MIL-L-2105D (GL-5) Lubricants

SAE Viscosity Grade
CRC L-60
CRC L-33, 7 Day

Moisture Corrosion
CRC L-37
High Speed - Low Torque
High Torque - Low Speed
CRC L-42
High Speed-Shock
Loading Axle Test
ASTM D-130
Copper Strip Corrosion
75W
80W-90
85W-140
100
3
2
100
3
2
100
3
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
Green Gears
Lubrited Gears
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
NR
NR
Ring & Pinion Tooth Scoring, max. %
Equal to or better than

RGO 110-90
100C Viscosity Increase @ 50 hrs., max, %

Pentane Insolubles, max, %
Toluene Insolubles, max, %
Rust on Gear Teeth Bearings, max. %
Rust on Coverplate, max. %
Strip Rating, max.
Notes:
NR: Not Required, if 80W90 passes in the same base stock. Lower L-37 and L-42 test temperatures are required for 75W oils.
04/00 - Driveline
NR
DR12 5/2/00 11:57 AM Page 1
November 1997
Performance Requirements for MIL-L-2105E Lubricants

SAE Viscosity Grade
CRC L-60-1
CRC L-33, 7 Day

Moisture Corrosion
CRC L-37
High Speed - Low Torque
High Torque - Low Speed
CRC L-42
High Speed-Shock
Loading Axle Test
Cycle Durability
MACK Cycling Test
ASTM D-130
Copper Corrosion/3 hrs. @ 121C
Elastomer Compatibility
Polyacrylate + Fluoroelastomer
@ 150C for 240 hrs.
ASTM D892
Foam Tendency/Stability, ml, max.
SS&C FTM 791

Storage Stability & Compatibility
100C Viscosity Increase @ 50 hrs., max., %

Pentane Insolubles, max. %
Toluene Insolubles, max. %
Carbon Varnish, min, Rating.
Sludge, max, Rating.
Rust on Gear Teeth Bearings, max., %
Rust on Coverplate, max., %
Green Gears
Lubrited Gears
Ring and Pinion Tooth Scoring, max., %
No. of Cycles
Strip Rating, max.
80W90
85W140
100
3
2
7.5
9.4
100
3
2
7.5
9.4
100
3
2
7.5
9.4
0
1
0
1
0
1
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
NR
NR
Equal to or better than TMC 110
NR
Equal to or better than average of past 5 reference runs.
Elongation Change, min, %

Hardness Change, Points
Volume Change, %
3
Polyacrylate
-60
-25 to + 5
-5 to + 30
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
20/0
50/0
20/0
20/0
50/0
20/0
20/0
50/0
20/0
Method 3340
Pass
Pass
Pass
Notes:
NR: Not required, if 80W90 passes in the same base stock. Lower L-37 and L-42 Test Temperatures are required for 75W oils.
04/00 - Driveline
75W
3
Fluoroelastomer
-75
-5 to + 10
-5 to + 15
DR13 5/2/00 11:58 AM Page 1
MT-1 Category Tests and Acceptance Criteria

Test
Test method for Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative
Stability of Lubricants used for Manual Transmissions and
Final Drive Axles L-60-1
Viscosity Increase, %
Pentane Insolubles, %
Toluene Insolubles, %
Carbon/Varnish Rating
Sludge Rating
Test method for determining Automotive Gear Oil
compatibility with Typical Oil Seal Elastomers
Polyacrylate @ 150C, 240 hours
Elongation change, %
Volume change, %
Fluoroelastomer @ 150C, 240 hours
Elongation change, %
Volume change, %
Test method for evaluating the thermal stability of manual
transmission lubricants in a Cyclic Durability Test
Cycles to fail
Test method D130 for detection of copper corrosion from
petroleum products by the Copper Strip Tarnish Test,
121C, 3 hours
Test Method D5182 for evaluating the scuffing (scoring)
load capacity of oils
Failing load stage
Test Method D892 for foaming characteristics of lubricating
oils (tendency only)
Sequence I, ml
Sequence II, ml
Sequence III, ml
Federal Test Method 791C, Method 3430.2, for compatability
characteristics of Universal Gear Lubricant
Federal Test Method 791C, Method 3440.1, for storage
solubility characteristics of Universal Gear Lubricant
Minimum
Maximum
7.5
9.4
100
3.0
2.0
-
No limits
+5.0
+30
-60
-20
-5
No limits
+10
+15
-75
-5
-5
Better than passing

reference oil
2a
11
Compatible with
MIL-L-2105D oils(1)
20
50
20
Pass(2)
Notes:
(1) Shall be compatible with specific reference oils when tested in accordance with Federal Test Method 3430.2.
Reference oils may be obtained from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, 15096.
(2) Shall pass the performance requirements as specified in the MIL-L-2105D specification when tested
in accordance with Federal Test Method 3440.1.
04/00 - Driveline
DR14 5/2/00 11:59 AM Page 1
Scania STO: 1
Type
Requirements
Limits
Gear Oil
API
GL-5
STO(1) 1:0
API
Shear Stability
20 hr KRL Shear (CRC-L-45-T-93)
GL-5
Filterability
Thermal and Oxidation Stability,
ASTM L-60-1(2)
Notes:
(1) Scania Gear Oil
(2) MIL-PRF-2105E Limits
04/00 - Driveline
Viscosity change (%) less than or equal to RL181

Minimum 90% in stage 2 of CETOP RP124H
using 5 filter and 1.0 bar pressure
Carbon varnish = 7.5 min. (on large gear only)
Sludge
= 9.4 min. (on both gears)
DR15 5/2/00 12:00 PM Page 1
Volvo Transmission Oil Specification 1273.07

Test
Density, kg/m
Flash Point, COC, min, C

Pour Point, max, C
Viscosity at 100C, mm2/s min.
max.
Viscosity Loss after Shearing, 20h, max, %
Limits
Test Method
To be stated
ASTM D1298
200
-48
9
12
ASTM D92
ASTM D97
Viscosity at -40C, mPa.s, max.

Oxidation Stability after 160C/200 h.
Viscosity Increase, 100C, max, %
Tan Increase, mg. KOH/mg, max.
Insoluble in Pentane, % by mass, max.
Copper Corrosion, 3h, max, 150C
Rust Protection 24h
150,000
Rust Protection after Oxidation
No rust
Foaming Tendency, ml/ml.

Sequence I/II/III, max.
Water Content, ppm, max.
Solid Particles, code, max.
Synchronization Properties
Seal Compatibility
Load Carrying Capacity, load stage, min.
Surface Fatigue, gears
Field Tests
10
1.0
0.1
1B
No rust
50/0
200
18/13,
ASTM D445
ASTM D445
CEC L-45-T-93
ASTM D2983
CEC L-48-A-95
ASTM D130
ASTM D665 A
ASTM D665 A
CEC L-48-A-95
ASTM D892
ASTM D1744
ISO 4406
(1)
Pass
12 +
50% better than
reference oil
VTM-02-95(2)
CEC L-07-A-95
400,000 km.
VTM-03-95(2)
VTM-01-96(2)
Notes:
(1) The oil shall be tested in the Volvo test rig with approved results after 300,000 engagements
(2) Volvo Test Method
04/00 - Driveline
DR16 5/2/00 12:01 PM Page 1
Volvo Transmission Oil Specification 1273.12

Test
Density, kg/m3
Flash Point, COC, min, C
Pour Point, max, C
Viscosity at 100C, mm2/s, min.
max.
Limits
Test Method
To be stated
200
-48
13.5
18
ASTM D1298
ASTM D92
ASTM D97
Viscosity Loss after Shearing, 20h, max, %
Viscosity at -40C, mPas. max.

Oxidation Stability after 120C/200 h.
Viscosity Increase, 100C, max, %
Tan Increase, mg. KOH/mg, max.
Insoluble in pentance, % by mass, max.
Copper Corrosion, 3h, max, 120C
Rust Protection 24h
150,000
Rust Protection after Oxidation
No rust
Foaming Tendency, ml/ml.

Sequence I/II/III, max.
Water Content, ppm, max.
Solid Particles, code, max.
API
Seal Compatibility
Surface Fatigue, gears
Field Tests
Note:
(1) Volvo Test Method
04/00 - Driveline
10
1.0
0.2
1B
No rust
50/0
200
18/13
GL-5
Pass
50% better than
reference oil
400,000 km.
ASTM D445
ASTM D445
CEC L-45-T-93
ASTM D2983
CEC L-48-A-95
ASTM D130
ASTM D665 A
ASTM D665 A
CEC L-48-A-95
ASTM D892
ASTM D1744
ISO 4406
VTM-02-95(1)
VTM-01-96(1)
VTM-03-95(1)
DR17 5/2/00 12:02 PM Page 1

ZF List
Description
Required Performance
TE-ML 01
Manual non-synchronised
API GL-4, MIL-L-2105 or API GL-5,
constant-mesh transmissions MIL-L-2105D
for commercial vehicles
API CD / CE / CF / SF / SG,
MIL-L2104C/D/E, MIL-L46152C/D/E
TE-ML 02 Manual and automatic
transmissions for trucks
and buses
Class 02A
API GL-4, MIL-L-2105
Class 02B
Gear oils in accordance with ZFN 13019
Class 02C
Class 02D
Class 02F
TE-ML 03 Torque convertor
transmissions for off-road
vehicles and machinery
(construction plant, special
vehicles, lift trucks)
TE-ML 04 Marine transmissions
Class 04A
Class 04B
Class 04C
TE-ML 05 Axles for off-road vehicles
Class 05A
Class 05B
Class 05C
Class 05D
TE-ML 06
SAE 80W / 80W85W / 80W90 /

85W90 / 90
SAE 30 / 40
SAE 80W / 80W85W/80W90

SAE 80W / 80W85W / 80W90 /
75W80 / 75W85 / 75W90
Engine oils in accordance with ZFN 13020 SAE 30 / 40
Semi-synthetic & synthetic gear oils
SAE 75W80 / 75W85 / 75W90
in accordance with ZFN 13010
ATF in accordance with ZFN 13015
API CD / CE / CF / SF / SG,
SAE 10W / 10W30 / 10W40 /
MIL-L-2104C/D/E MIL-L-46152C/D/E;
15W40 / 20W20
Caterpillar TO-4 ; John Deere JDM J20C SAE 10W / 30 SAE 10W30
DEXRONIID / III, MERCON M;
SAE 10W / 30
Caterpillar TO-4 ; John Deere JDM J20C SAE 10W30
Monograde engine oils API CD / CE /

CF-4 / CF / SF / SG / SH / SJ or ACEA
SAE 30 (SAE 40 in hot countries)
categories A / B / E
Monograde engine oils in accordance with
SAE 30 (SAE 40 in hot countries)
ZFN 13024
Multigrade engine oils in accordance with
SAE 10W40 / 15W40
ZFN 13024
Mineral oil based & semi-synthetic gear
oils in accordance with ZFN 13011
Synthetic gear oils in accordance with
ZFN 13011
Mineral oil based gear oils in accordance
with ZFN 13011 with limited slip additives
ZFN 13011 with limited slip additives
SAE 75W90 / 75W140 / 80W90 /

80W140 / 85W90 / 85W140 / 90
SAE 75W90 / 75W140
SAE 75W90 / 75W140 / 80W90 /
80W140 / 85W90 / 84W140 / 90
SAE 75W90 / 75W140
Tractor transmissions and

hydraulic lifts
Class 06A
Engine oils API CD / CE / CF-4 / CF / SF

SG / SH / SJ or ACEA categories A / B / E
STOU in accordance with ZFN 13022
(braking test)
Class 06B
Class 06C
TE-ML 07
Viscosity Grades
SAE 20W20
SAE 10W30 / 10W40 / 15W30 /
15W40 / 20W40
SAE 10W30 / 10W40 / 15W30 /
15W40 / 20W40
Hydrostatic & mechanical

drives & electric drive systems
Class 07A
Gear oils in accordance with ZFN 13016
Class 07B
Class 07C
Lubricating oils in accordance with ZFN

13012
Engine oils API CD / CE / CF-4 / CF /
SF / SG / SH / SJ or ACEA categories
A/B/E
Class 07D
04/00 - Driveline
SAE 80W85 / 80W90 / 80W140 /

85W90 / 85W140 / 90
SAE 10W30 / 10W40 / 15W30 /
15W40 / 20W40
SAE 10W30 / 10W40 /
15W30 / 15W40
SAE 20W20 / 30/ 5W30 / 5W40 /
10W30 / 10W40 / 15W30 / 15W40
for powershift transmissions
SAE 10W40 / 15W40 for mobile
mixer drives
DR18 5/2/00 12:03 PM Page 1

ZF List
Description
TE-ML 08
Steering systems (non-power

assisted) for cars, commercial
vehicles & off-road vehicles
Class 08A
TE-ML 09
TE-ML 11
Manual and automatic

transmissions for cars
TE-ML 12
Axles for cars, commercial

vehicles and buses. Axles,
differentials, wheel heads &
wheel hubs - 12A,12B,12C,12D
Axles & differentials with
multi disc self locking
differentials 12C & 12D
Class 12A
Class 12C
Class 12D
SAE 75W80 / 75W85 / 75W90 /

80W / 80W85 / 80W90
Steering system with ZF Vane pump ATF

Other versions ATF
API CD / CE / CF/ SF / SG, MIL-L2104C SAE 20W20 (10W & 30 grade
/D/E, MIL-L46152C/D/E
for hot (>-10C) or cold (<-10C)
ambient conditions for 3 DS 18 +
WSK 244
* S5-28 & S5-31 : Esso ATF D21065
* S5-31 & S5-39 : Esso Gear Oil 304
* 3HP22&22Q;4HP14Q,18FL,18FLA,
18FLE,18Q,22,22EH,22HL,24&24A:
Approved ATFs under 11A & 11B
* 4HP20;5HP18,19FL,19FLA,19HLA,
24,24A&30: LT71141
ZF assemblies in special
purpose vehicles
Automatic transmissions for
commercial vehicles
Class 14A
Mineral oil based ATFs in accordance

with ZFN 13015
Semi-synthetic ATFs in accordance
with ZFN 13015
Synthetic ATFs in accordance with
ZFN 13015
Recommended alternatives from the
passenger car application : Mineral oil
based ATFs in accordance with ZFN 13015
Class 14B
Class 14C
Class 14D
TE-ML 15
Gear oils (API GL-4, MIL-L-2105)
Mineral oil based & semi-synthetic gear

oils in accordance with ZFN 13016
ZFN 13016
Mineral oil based gear oils in accordance
with ZFN 13016 with limited slip additives
ZNF 13016 with limited slip additives
Class 12B
TE-ML 14
Viscosity Grades
Steering systems and oil

pumps for cars, commercial
vehicles & off-road vehicles
Class 09A
Class 09B
TE-ML 10 Transmatic for cars
and commercial vehicles
TE-ML 13
Required Performance
Brake systems for

special vehicles
04/00 - Driveline
SAE 75W90 / 75W140 / 80W90 /

80W140 / 85W90 / 85W140 / 90
SAE 75W90 / 75W140
SAE 75W90 / 75W140 / 80W90 /
80W140 / 85W90 / 85W140 / 90
SAE 75W90 / 75W140
DR19 5/2/00 12:04 PM Page 1
Viscosity Ranges for AGMA Lubricants
AGMA 9005 - D94

Rust and Oxidation
Inhibited Gear Oils
Viscosity Range
AGMA Lubricant No.

1
2
3
4
5
6
*7 Compounded
*8 Compounded
*8A Compounded
cSt (mm2/s) @ 40C

41.4 to 50.6
61.2 to 74.8
90 to 110
135 to 165
198 to 242
288 to 352
414 to 506
612 to 748
900 to 1100
Notes:
Viscosity Ranges for AGMA Lubricant numbers will henceforth be identical with those of the ASTM system.
* Oils compounded with 3% to 10% fatty or synthetic fatty oils.
04/00 - Driveline
Equivalent
ISO Grade
Extreme Pressure
Gear Lubricants
AGMA Lubricant No.
46
68
100
150
220
320
460
680
1000
2 EP
3 EP
4 EP
5 EP
6 EP
7 EP
8 EP
8A EP
DR19 5/2/00 12:04 PM Page 1
Viscosity Ranges for AGMA Lubricants
AGMA 9005 - D94

Rust and Oxidation
Inhibited Gear Oils
Viscosity Range
AGMA Lubricant No.

1
2
3
4
5
6
*7 Compounded
*8 Compounded
*8A Compounded
cSt (mm2/s) @ 40C

41.4 to 50.6
61.2 to 74.8
90 to 110
135 to 165
198 to 242
288 to 352
414 to 506
612 to 748
900 to 1100
Notes:
Viscosity Ranges for AGMA Lubricant numbers will henceforth be identical with those of the ASTM system.
* Oils compounded with 3% to 10% fatty or synthetic fatty oils.
04/00 - Driveline
Equivalent
ISO Grade
Extreme Pressure
Gear Lubricants
AGMA Lubricant No.
46
68
100
150
220
320
460
680
1000
2 EP
3 EP
4 EP
5 EP
6 EP
7 EP
8 EP
8A EP
DR20 5/2/00 12:10 PM Page 1
Specification for R & O Gear Oils including Compounded Gear Lubricants
AGMA 9005 - D94

Property
Test Procedure
Criteria for Acceptance
Viscosity
Viscosity Index
Oxidation Stability
ASTM D-445
ASTM D2270
ASTM D-943
*Hours to reach
a neutralisation
number of
2.0 mg KOH/g
ASTM D-665 B
ASTM D-130
ASTM D-892
As specified
90 min.
Rust Protection
Corrosion Protection
Foam Suppression
Demulsibility
ASTM D-2711
Cleanliness
None
AGMA Grade
Hours (minimum)
1.2
1500
3.4
750
5.6
500
No rust after 24 hours with synthetic sea water
Class 1 after 3 hours @ 121C
Max. Vol. of Foam (ml) after
5 Minutes Blow
10 Minutes Rest
Sequence I
75
10
Sequence II
75
10
Sequence III
75
10
Max. % water in oil after 5 hours
0.5
Max. cuff after centrifuging, ml
2.0
Min. total free water collected during entire test, ml
30.0
Must be free of visible suspended or settled contamination
Note:
* The Criteria for acceptance indicated for Oxidation Stability and Demulsibility are not applicable to Compounded Gear Oils.
04/00 - Driveline
DR21 5/2/00 12:12 PM Page 1
Specification for Extreme Pressure Gear Lubricants
AGMA 9005 - D94

Property
Test Procedure
Criteria for Acceptance
Viscosity
ASTM D-445
As specified
Viscosity Index
Oxidation Stability
Rust Protection
Foam Suppression
ASTM
ASTM
ASTM
ASTM
ASTM
Demulsibility
ASTM D-2711
Cleanliness
EP Property
None
Timken Test
(ASTM D2782)
FZG Test
(DIN 51354)
None
Additive Solubility
04/00 - Driveline
D-2270
D-2893
D-665B
D-130
D-892
90 min.
Viscosity increase after 312 hours @ 121C, 6% max.
No rust after 24 hours with synthetic sea water
Class 1 after 3 hours @ 100C
Max. Vol. of Foam (ml) after
5 Minute Blow
10 Minute Rest
Sequence I
75
10
Sequence II
75
10
Sequence III
75
10
AGMA Grades
2EP to 7EP
8EP to 13EP
Max. % water in oil after 5 hours
2.0
2.0
Max. cuff after centrifuging (ml)
1.0
4.0
Min. total free water collected during
80
50
entire test (start with 90ml of water) (ml)
Must be free of visible suspended or settled contamination
60lb OK load
> Load Stage 12 (A/8.3/90C)
Must be filterable to 25 microns (wet or dry) without loss of EP additive
DR22 5/2/00 12:13 PM Page 1
22.07/ 1998 Rev 0
Flender Suitability Proof for Oils used in Flender Gear Units

Test
Requirement
Company
Mineral Oil
Flender Foam Test

Original Oil
Contaminated with 2% and 4% running-in oil (Castrol Alpha SP220S)
Compatibility with Internal Coating (P22-8050)
Compatibility with Elastomer Seals (72 NBR 902 and 75 FKM 585)
Static Test (DIN 53521)
Dynamic Test (DIN 3761)
Compatibility with Sealing Compound (Loctite 128068)
FZG Micropitting Test (FVA 54)
Flender Grey Staining Test
FZG Scuffing Load Test (A/16.6/90)
Worm Gear Test
Notes:
I
For cylindrical and bevel gearing
II For worm gearing
Not Required
A Absolutely required
B Required after agreement
B3 Required for new additives
04/00 - Driveline
A.F. Flender AG
Carl Diederichs
Carl Freudenberg
Loctite
Various
Flender
Various
RUB
Synthetic Oil
II
II
A
A
B3
A
B3
A
A
A
A
A
A
B3
A
B
B
-
A
B
B3
A
A
B
B3
A
B
B
-
A
B3
A
DR23 5/2/00 12:13 PM Page 1
David Brown Number S1.53 101
January 1985
DBGI Specification for Mineral Based Lubricating Oils

for use in Industrial Enclosed Gear Units.
Scope:
This specification covers the requirements for ten grades and three
classifications of mineral based lubricating oils for use in DAVID
BROWN enclosed gear units. The grades are numbered 0 to 9
and will be associated with a classification character.
M - straight mineral oils
A - anti-wear or mild EP additive oils
E - industrial extreme pressure additive oils
Description:
The lubricants shall be stable homogeneous blends of highly refined mineral

oils and additives. They should not contain any grit, abrasives, sediments or
other impurities. The lubricants should be branded products on general sale
or intended to be so.
Classification:
For mineral based lubricant the following general classifications will be used:
Type M These lubricants will usually contain additives to reduce corrosion,
oxidation and foaming. They may contain other additives designed
to improve their performance in service. They should not contain
additives which will adversely affect the performance of sprag
holdback (or similar) devices.
Type A These lubricants will usually contain anti-wear or mild extreme
pressure additives which improve the load carrying properties
of the base oil.
Type E These lubricants will contain additives which are designed to improve
the load carrying properties of the base oil. They should not contain
any lead or lead based additives.
The requirements for all three lubricant types are the same or similar
in all respects except for carrying capacity.
04/00
Driveline
DR24 5/2/00 12:14 PM Page 1
David Brown Requirements for a Mineral Based Lubricant

Title
Test
Method
Kinematic
Viscosity mm2/s
IP 71, ASTM D445
Viscosity Index
Pour Point (C)
Load Carrying
Capacity
IP 226, ASTM 2270

IP 15, ASTM D97
IP 334, A/8.3/90
(Visual method)
Corrosion
IP 154, ASTM D130
Corrosion
IP 135, ASTM D665
Oxidation Stability
04/00 - Driveline
ASTM D2893,
(@ 95C)
DBGI Lubricant Grade

Conditions
Limit
@ 40C
@ 40C
@ 100C
min.
max.
min.
min.
max.
24.5
36.0
5.1
90
-6
36.0
52.8
6.4
90
-6
52.8
77.6
8.1
90
-6
77.6
114
10.5
90
-6
114
167
13.6
90
-6
167
245
17.4
90
-3
245
360
22.3
90
-3
360
528
28.5
90
0
528
776
36.5
90
0
776
1140
46.2
90
0
min.
min.
min.
5
7
11
5
7
11
6
8
12
6
8
12
6
8
12
6
9
12
7
9
12
7
9
> 12
7
10
> 12
7
10
> 12
max.
1b
1b
1b
1b
1b
1b
1b
1b
1b
1b
10
10
FZG Load Stage

at which damage occurs
Lubricant Type M
Lubricant Type A
Lubricant Type E
Copper Strip Classification
after 3 hrs. @ 100C
Rust Prevention in the
presence of water for 24hrs.
Lubricant Type M
Lubricant Types A & E
% Change in Kinematic
Viscosity @ 100C
Pass
Pass
Report
max.
PROCEDURES A AND B
PROCEDURE A
DEGREE OF RUSTING - PROCEDURE B
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
DR25 5/2/00 12:15 PM Page 1
David Brown Requirements for a Mineral Based Lubricant
Title
Foam
Tendency/Stability
Test
Method
IP 146, ASTM D892
Air Release
IP 313
Demulsibility
ASTM D2711
ASTM D2711
Appendix 12
04/00 - Driveline
Conditions
Volume of Foam (ml)
Sequence I (24C)
After 5 mins blow
After 10 mins rest
Sequence II (93C)
After 5 mins blow
After 10 mins rest
Sequence III (24C)
After 5 mins blow
After 10 mins rest
Minutes @ 50C
Minutes @ 90C
Lubricant Types M & A
Water in Oil (%)
Emulsion (ml)
Total Free Water (ml)
Lubricant Type E
Water in Oil (%)
Emulsion in Oil (ml)
Total Free Water (ml)
(Report average result)
Limit
DBGI Lubricant Grade

3
4
5
6
max.
max.
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
max.
max.
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
75
10
max.
max.
max.
max.
75
10
9
-
75
10
10
-
75
10
12
-
75
10
18
-
75
10
30
-
75
10
9
75
10
10
75
10
12
75
10
16
75
10
24
max.
max.
min.
0.5
2.0
30.0
0.5
2.0
30.0
0.5
2.0
30.0
0.5
2.0
30.0
0.5
2.0
30.0
0.5
2.0
300
0.5
2.0
30.0
0.5
2.0
30.0
0.5
2.0
30.0
0.5
2.0
30.0
max.
max.
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
4.0
1.0
4.0
1.0
4.0
min.
60.0
60.0
60.0
60.0
60.0
60.0
60.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
DR26 5/2/00 12:16 PM Page 1
September 1989
DIN 51517 Part 3 - Antiwear Circulating Oils

Grade
CLP46
CLP68
CLP100
CLP150
CLP220
CLP320
CLP460
CLP680
ISO Viscosity Grade

Flash Point (COC), C, min. ISO 2592
Pour Point, C, max. ISO 3016
Steel Corrosion (DIN 51355)
FZG A/8.3/90, Load Stage Fail, min.
VG46
175
VG68
185
VG100
200
-12
VG150
VG220
200
200
-9
CLASS 0 - METHOD A
12
VG320
200
-6
VG460
200
VG680
200
-3
Notes:
To be agreed as necessary:
To be undetectable:
04/00 - Driveline
-15
Density @ 15C g/ml. (DIN 51757)

Neutralisation no., mg. KOH/g (DIN 51558 Part 1)
Sulphated Ash, %m. (DIN 51575)
Copper Corrosion 3 hrs. @ 100C (DIN 51759)
Oxidation Stability (DIN 51586/ASTM D2893)
NBR Compatibility, 168 hrs. @ 100C (DIN 53538 Part 3)
Water, %m. (DIN ISO 3733)
DR27 5/2/00 12:17 PM Page 1
US Steel Requirements No. 224 Lead Free E.P. Gear Oil

Test
API Gravity, D-287
Viscosity Index, D-567
Precipitation Number, D-91
Pour Point, D-97
C.O.C. Flash Point, D-92
ISO Grade 150 and up
ISO Grade 68 and 100
3 Hour Copper Strip Corrosion, D-130
Rust Test (A & B), D-665
S-200 Oxidation - 312 hours @ 121.1C (250F)
Viscosity Increase @ 98.9C (210F)
Precipitation Number After Test
Demulsibility, D-2711
Free Water
Emulsion
H2O in Oil
Four Ball E.P. Test, D-2783
Load Wear Index
Weld Point
Four Ball Wear Test, D-2266
20 kg. @ 1800 rpm. for 1 hour
Timken Load Arm Test, D-2782
FZG - Four Square Gear Test
04/00 - Driveline
Limits
25 min.
95 min.
Trace
-9C max. (based on viscosity)
232.2C min.
203.4C min.
1b max.
Pass
6% max.
0.1% max.
80.0 ml min.
1.0 ml max.
2.0% max.
45 kg min.
250 kg min.
Scar Diameter -0.35 mm max.
O.K. 60 lbs min.
11th stage min.
DR28 5/2/00 12:17 PM Page 1
Comparison of Industrial Gear Oil Specifications
Load Carrying Capacity

Timken OK Load (ASTM D2782) lbs., min.
FZG A/8.3/90, Pass Stage, min.
4-Ball (ASTM D2783),
Weld Point, kg, min.
LWI, min.
4-Ball (ASTM D2266) 20kg/1800 rpm/1 hr.
Mean Wear Scar Diameter, mm, max.
ASTM D130, 3 hrs/100C, max.
ASTM D 665, min.
Oxidation Stability
ASTM D2893, (121C), % viscosity increase, max.
S200, % viscosity increase, max.
Precipitation Number, max.
Foam Suppression, ASTM D892, Tendency/Stability, ml, max.
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
Demulsibility, ASTM D2711,
Free Water, ml, min.
Emulsion, ml, max.
Water in Oil, %, max.
Miscellaneous
Seal Compatibility
Notes:
(1) Limits dependent upon viscosity grades
(2) Limits to be agreed as necessary
04/00 - Driveline
AGMA 9005 - D94 EP
DIN 51517 Part 3 (CLP)
US STEEL 224
60
12
11
60
11
250
45
0.35
1b
Pass B
(2)
Pass A
1b
Pass A & B
6
-
(2)
6
0.1
75/10
75/10
75/10
50-80 (1)
1-4 (1)
2
80
1
2
(2)
DR29 5/2/00 12:18 PM Page 1
Caterpillar TO - 4 Transmission and Drive Train Fluid Requirements
Physical Properties
Rust Control
Copper Corrosion
Fluid Compatibility
Homogeneity
Foam, tendency/stability, mls.
Flash Point
Fire Point
Fluoroelastomer
Allison C-4 Elastomer Test

Oxidation Test
Thermal Oxidation Stability (THOT)
Sludge/varnish on parts,
Total Acid Number Increase,
Carbonyl Absorbance diff.
Further inspection
Requirements
Test Method
Less than 6 rust spots per linear inch on two

out of three test specimens
1a max.
No sedimentation or precipitation
Modified International Harvester BT-9

(175 hours under dynamic humidity conditions)
ASTM D130 (2 hours at 100C)
Mix 50 mls test oil with 50 mls reference oil; heat to 204C,
cool to ambient; centrifuge for 30 min. at 6000G.
Test oil held at -32C for 24h, warmed to ambient, centrifuged
ASTM D892 Part 1: No water added
Part 2: 0.1% water in oil
Sequence I - 25/0
Sequence II - 50/0
Sequence III - 25/0
160C min.
175C min.
Av. Elongation of elastomer in aged test oil must
not be greater than Av. Elongation with ref. oil.
Elongation with test oil must be less than
or equal to Elongation with ref. oil + 10%
See Allison C-4 Specification
ASTM D92
ASTM D92
ASTM D471 (240 hours; 150C)

Nil
4.0 max.
0.75 max.
Fluoroelastomer input seal should not fail. Copper
bushings should not undergo mechanical failure due
to corrosion attack. Cooler will not be graded.
Viscosity after test

Kinematic Viscosity, mm2/s
Viscosity, mPa.s
Viscosity, mPa.s
Viscosity, mPa.s, 150C, 106S-1
Note:
* At the max. temperature specified in Section 4 for the appropriate viscosity grade.
04/00 - Driveline
Report
Report
Report
Report
GM 6137 October 1990, Appendix E (ie DEXRON IIE)

(Fluoroelastomer input seal, production cooler, 35% silver)
ASTM D445
ASTM D2983*
ASTM 4684*
ASTM D683
DR29 5/2/00 12:18 PM Page 1
Physical Properties
Rust Control
Copper Corrosion
Fluid Compatibility
Homogeneity
Foam, tendency/stability, mls.
Flash Point
Fire Point
Fluoroelastomer
Allison C-4 Elastomer Test

Oxidation Test
Thermal Oxidation Stability (THOT)
Sludge/varnish on parts,
Total Acid Number Increase,
Carbonyl Absorbance diff.
Further inspection
Requirements
Test Method
Less than 6 rust spots per linear inch on two

out of three test specimens
1a max.
Modified International Harvester BT-9

(175 hours under dynamic humidity conditions)
ASTM D130 (2 hours at 100C)
Mix 50 mls test oil with 50 mls reference oil; heat to 204C,
cool to ambient; centrifuge for 30 min. at 6000G.
Test oil held at -32C for 24h, warmed to ambient, centrifuged
ASTM D892 Part 1: No water added
Part 2: 0.1% water in oil
Sequence I - 25/0
Sequence II - 50/0
Sequence III - 25/0
160C min.
175C min.
Av. Elongation of elastomer in aged test oil must
not be greater than Av. Elongation with ref. oil.
Elongation with test oil must be less than
or equal to Elongation with ref. oil + 10%
ASTM D92
ASTM D92
ASTM D471 (240 hours; 150C)

Nil
4.0 max.
0.75 max.
Fluoroelastomer input seal should not fail. Copper
bushings should not undergo mechanical failure due
to corrosion attack. Cooler will not be graded.
Viscosity after test

Kinematic Viscosity, mm2/s
Viscosity, mPa.s
Viscosity, mPa.s
Viscosity, mPa.s, 150C, 106S-1
Note:
* At the max. temperature specified in Section 4 for the appropriate viscosity grade.
04/00 - Driveline
Report
Report
Report
Report
GM 6137 October 1990, Appendix E (ie DEXRON IIE)

(Fluoroelastomer input seal, production cooler, 35% silver)
ASTM D445
ASTM D2983*
ASTM 4684*
ASTM D683
DR30 5/2/00 12:23 PM Page 1

Requirements
Viscometric Properties
SAE J300 requirements plus additional

low temp. and high temp. high shear
requirements as shown opposite
Caterpillar does not recommend oils that
contain viscosity improvers in this application
Wear Properties
Gears
Pumps
Friction Properties
Link Model 1158 Oil/Friction Test Machine
Dynamic Coefficient of Friction
Static Coefficient of Friction
Energy Capability
Wear Properties - (7 friction disc-steel
reaction plate combinations evaluated
separately - 3 paper, 2 sintered bronze,
2 fluroelastomer friction discs.)
04/00 - Driveline
Test Method
SAE J300 Viscosity

Grade
ASTM D2983
Maximum Temperature
(C) for Brookfield Viscosity
of 150,000 mPa.s
ASTM D4684
Low Temp. Pumpability
(MRV TP-1) 30,000
Centipoise Max, Temp. C
ASTM D4683 (or Equiv)

High Temp High Shear
Viscosity at 150C and
6 -1
10 s min. mPa.s
0W
5W
10W
20W
30
40
50
60
-55
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
+5
-45
-35
-25
-15
-15
-10
-5
+10
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.9
3.7
4.5
5.7
Average of three separate runs 100mg. max.

No single run with more than 150 mg. weight
ASTM D4998 (FZG Machine - A gears, low speed,

100 rpm, 121C, load stage 10, 20 hours)
Total weight loss for all vanes from individual

cartridges (not including intravanes), < 15 mg.
Ring weight loss, from individual cartridge, < 75 mg.
Pump parts, especially rings, should not have
evidence of unusual wear or stress in contact areas.
Vikers pump test procedure for mobile systems

as defined in publication form M-2952-S.
The results of each friction disc-reaction plate

combination for the candidate oil must be within the
allowable range of variation from the reference test oil.
Caterpillar VC 70 Standard Test Method
DR31 5/2/00 12:24 PM Page 1

Test
Miscibility
New Fluid Viscosity
100C mm 2/s
-10C, mPa.s
-18C, mPa.s
-20C, mPa.s
-30C, mPa.s
-40C, mPa.s
Evaporation loss, 150C, 1 hr (Noack), % wt.
Viscosity after Noack, -40C, mPa.s
Flash Point C, ASTM D92
Copper Strip, ASTM D130, 150C, 3h.
Rust, ASTM D665A, 24h
Vane Pump Wear (80C/1000psi/100h), mg
Colour, ASTM D 1500
Friction Durability
Midpoint Dynamic Coef of Friction
Low Speed Dynamic Coef of Friction
Static Breakaway Coef. of Friction (0.25s)
Engagement Time, s.
Ratio of Low Speed to Dynamic Torque (S1/D)
Ratio of Static Breakaway Torque to Midpoint,
Dynamic Torque (S2,/D)
Notes:
(1) Introduced February 1987 - now obsolete
(2) Revised September 1992
04/00 - Driveline
Old Limit(1)
Current Limit(2)
No separation or colour change
No separation or colour change
6.8 min.
1700 max.
50000 max.
177 min.
1b max.
No rust
15 max.
6.0 - 8.0
6.8 min.
Rate & Report
1500 max.
Rate & Report
20000 max.
Rate & Report
Rate & Report
177 min.
1b max.
No rust
10 max.
6.0 - 8.0
120 to 150Nm. (between 5 & 4000 cycles)

155 Nm. max. at 5 & 200 cycles
90 to 130Nm (between 200 & 4000 cycles)
0.8 to 1.0 (between 5 & 4000 cycles)
0.90 to 1.0 (at 200 cycles)

Rate & Report
DR32 5/2/00 12:25 PM Page 1

Old Limit(1)
Test
Antifoaming Properties ASTM D892
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
Sequence IV
Elastometer Compatibility
ATRR-100, Vol. Change, %
Hardness Change, Pts.
ATRR-300, Smear Test
Aluminium Beaker Oxidation Test (ABOT)
Pentane Insolubles, %
TAN Change, 250h.
Diff IR Absorbance Change, 250h.
% Viscosity Increase, 40C, 250h.
Viscosity, -40C, mPa.s, 300h.
Volatility, % wt. Loss,300h
Copper Strip Rating, 50h.
300h.
Aluminium Strip Rating, 300h.
Sludge, 300h.
Turbo Hydra-matic Cycling Test (THCT)
Shift Feel Test
Tendency
100
100
100
100
Stability
0
0
0
0
+1 to +6
-5 to +5
+3 to +8
-5 to +5
No reversion
-
200 hr, < 1

5.0 max.
50 max.
50 max.
3b max.
3b max.
No varnish
No sludge
As per GM DEXRON Specification
Shift performance equal to reference fluid
Notes:
(1) Introduced February 1987 - now obsolete (2) Revised September 1992
04/00 - Driveline
Current Limit(2)
Tendency
100
100
100
100
Stability
0
0
0
0
+1 to +6
-5 to +5
+3 to +8
-5 to +5
No reversion
Rate & Report
Rate & Report
Rate & Report
Rate & Report
250 hr, < 1

4.0 max.
40 max.
40 max.
Rate & Report
Rate & Report
3b max.
3b max.
No varnish
No sludge
As per GM DEXRON Specification
Shift performance equal to reference fluid
DR33 5/2/00 12:26 PM Page 1
C-4 Heavy Duty Transmission Fluid Specification
Allison Transmission Division General Motors

Test
Chemical Analysis
Metals Content
Barium
Boron
Calcium
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Silicon
Sodium
Zinc
Nonmetals Content
Chlorine
Nitrogen
Sulphur
Total Acid Number
Total Base Number
Infrared Spectrum
Physical Properties
Flash Point, C min.
Fire Point, C min.
Viscosity Characteristics
Kinematic Viscosity @ 40C
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100C
Apparent Viscosity
Brookfield Viscosity
Stable Pour Point
Requirements
Test Method
Report
Report
Report
Report
Report
Report
Report
Report
Emission spectroscopy: ICP

Report
Report
Report
Report
Report
Report
ASTM D808
ASTM D3228
ASTM D4951 or ASTM 129
ASTM D664
ASTM D4739 or D2896
ASTM E168
170
185
ASTM D92
ASTM D92
Report *
Report *
Report *
Report Temperature at 3500 mPa.s
Report *
ASTM D445
ASTM D445
ASTM D2602
ASTM D2983
ASTM D97
Note:
* Fluids shall meet SAE J300 Viscosity grades and in addition ATFs must meet DEXRON III and MERCON requirements.
04/00 - Driveline
DR34 5/2/00 12:26 PM Page 1
C-4 Heavy Duty Transmission Fluid Specification
Allison Transmission Division General Motors
Bench Tests
Foaming Tendency
Foam at 95C, max.
Foam at 135C, mm max.
Break time at 135C, secs. max
Copper Corrosion
Corrosion/Rust Protection
Rust Protection
Nitrile:
Volume difference, %
Hardness difference, points
Polyacrylate:
Silicone:
Fluoroelastomer: Volume difference, %
Ethylene Acrylic: Volume difference %
Oxidation Stability, C-4 Oxidation Test (THOT)
Viscosity Increase, 40C, %, max.
Viscosity Increase, 100C, %, max.
TAN Increase, max.
Carbonyl Absorbance, max.
Wear protection
C-4 Vane Pump Wear Test,
Total Weight Loss, mg, max.
Clutch Frictional Characteristics
C-4 Graphite Clutch Test
C-4 Paper Clutch Friction Test
04/00 - Driveline
Requirements
Test Method
Nil
10
23
No blackening or flaking
No visible rust on test pins
No rust or corrosion on any test surface
Limits are adjusted for each new elastomer batch
-1.5 to + 6
-5 to + 5
0 +10
-5 to 0
+1.5 to 6.5
- 10 to 0
0 to + 4
-4 to + 4
+12 to + 28
-6 to -18
GM 6297-M,Test M
100
60
4.0
0.75
ASTM D130, 3 hours at 150C

ASTM D665, procedure A for 24 hours
ASTM D1748, 98% humidity, 50 hrs at 40C
GM 6137-M, test J1, total immersion
GM 6137-M, test J2, dip cycle
GM 6297-M (Appendix E)
15
ASTM D2882 mod.

(a) 80 3C (b) 6.9 mPa
Mid-point dynamic co efficient and slip time must surpass

limits set with minimum performance reference oil
Allison C-4 graphite clutch friction test

Allison C-4 paper clutch friction test
DR35 5/2/00 12:28 PM Page 1
A Comparison of GM DEXRON II, IIE & III Specification Requirements

General Motors ATF Specification GM 6137-M
DEXRON II
DEXRON IIE
DEXRON III
Test
Method
Requirement
Requirement
Requirement
Colour
Elemental Analysis
ASTM D1500
Not required
6.0 - 8.0
Report ppm: Ba, B, Ca, Mg, P
Si, Na, Zn, Cu, S, Al, Fe, Pb
Report, ppm: Cl
Report, ppm: N
Report, ppm: S
Report
No separation or colour
change at end of test
using reference fluid
6.0 - 8.0
Report ppm: Ba, B, Ca, Mg,
P, Si, Na, Zn, Cu, S, Al, Fe, Pb
Report, ppm: Cl
Report, ppm: N
Report, ppm: S
Report
using reference fluid
Infrared Spectrum
Miscibility
ASTM D4951
Not required
ASTM
ASTM
ASTM
ASTM
Not
Not
Not
Not
D808
D3228
D129 OR D 4951
E168
FTM 791C
Method 3470.1
ASTM D445
Not Required
5.5 cSt. min during and at end
of oxidation and cycling tests
ASTM D92
ASTM D92
160C min.
175C min.
160C min.
175C min.
170C min.
185C min.
ASTM D2983
4000 mPa.s (4.0 Pa.s)

max. at -23.3C
50,000 mPa.s (50.0 Pa.s)
max. at -40C
Report Viscosity, mPa.s at -10C

1,500 mPa.s max. at -20C
Report, mPa.s at -10C

Kinematic Viscosity
at 40C
at 100C
Flash Point
Fire Point
Brookfield Viscosity
04/00 - Driveline
required
required
required
required
Report
Report
DR36 5/2/00 12:28 PM Page 1

DEXRON II
DEXRON IIE
DEXRON III
Test
Requirement
Requirement
Requirement
No blackening with flaking
No blackening with flaking
1b
No rust on test pins
Pass
Pass
No rust or corrosion
on test panels
on any test surface
on any test surface
No foam at 95C
10 mm. max. at 135C
23 s max. break-time
at 135C
No foam at 95C
6mm at 135C
No foam at 95C
5mm max. height at 135C
15 s max. break-time at 135C
15 s max. collapse time at 135C
Copper Strip Test

Corrosion Test
Rust Protection
Foam Test
Fluid Effect on Seals
Method
ASTM D130 Mod
3 hr. at 150C
ASTM D665 Procedure A
ASTM D 1748 Mod
Sandblasted Surface
Temp. at 40C
Test Time of 50 h.
GM
GM Method
Elastomers
Nitrile
Polyacrylate
Silicone
Procedure 1 - Total Immersion

Elastomer
A (Polyacrylate)
B (Nitrile)
The limits are assigned

by GM for each batch
of elastomer
C (Polyacrylate)
5 to 12
Hardness pts.
Change in
Elastomer
Vol.,%
Hardness pts.
-8 to +1
A (Polyacrylate)
5 to 12
8 to + 1
0.5 to 5
-3 to +6
B (Nitrile)
1 to 6
-3 to + 6
2 to 7
-4 to + 4
2 to 7
-4 to +4
C (Polyacrylate)
0.5 to 5
-5 to +6
H (Fluorinated)
0.5 to 5
J (Silicone)
23 to 45
-30 to -13
J (Silicone)
23 to 45
-30 to - 13
13 to 27
-17 to -7
13 to 27
-17 to - 7
Acrylic)
04/00 - Driveline
Vol., %
H (Fluorinated)
R (Ethylene/
Note:
* Tensile strength and elongation are now required to be reported but no limits have been set yet.
Procedure 1 - Total Immersion*
Change in
R (Ethylene/
Acrylic)
-5 to + 6
DR37 5/2/00 12:29 PM Page 1

Test
Method
DEXRON II
Requirement
Saginaw Power Steering

Pump Test
GM Method
Parts condition to be equal

to or better than that obtained
with reference fluid
Vane Pump Wear Test
ASTM D2882 Mod

80+/-3C
6.9 MPa
GM Method
HEFCAD - Plate Clutch Test
DEXRON II uses
SD-715 Clutch Plates
DEXRON IIE uses
DEXRON III uses

04/00 - Driveline
DEXRON IIE
Requirement
DEXRON III
Requirement
weight loss < 15mg.
weight loss < 15mg
Satisfactory operation
for 100 hrs.
No unusual wear or
flaking on test parts
Between 20 and 100 hrs.
of operation:150Nm < Midpoint Dynamic
Torque <180Nm.
Satisfactory
operation for 100hrs.
No unusual wear or
flaking on test parts
Between 10 and 100
hrs of operation:150Nm < Midpoint Dynamic
Torque < 180Nm.
Delta Torque < 14Nm.
Maximum Torque > 150Nm.
Maximum Torque > 150Nm.
0.45s < Engagement

Time < 0.75s.
DeltaTorque < 30Nm.
Stop time between

0.45 and 60s.
Stop time between

0.50 and 0.60s.
Report End Torque Nm.
Report End Torque Nm.
Satisfactory operation
for 100 hrs.
No unusual clutch plate
wear or flaking
Between 24 and 100 hrs.
of operation:115Nm < Midpoint Dynamic
Torque < 175Nm.
DR38 5/2/00 12:30 PM Page 1

DEXRON II
DEXRON IIE
DEXRON III
Test
Method
Requirement
Requirement
Requirement
Band Clutch Test
GM Method Uses 3T40
Not Required
Satisfactory operation for 100 hrs.
No unusual wear or flaking on test parts
No unusual wear or flaking on test parts
Between 20 and 100 hrs of operation:-
Between 20 and 100 hrs. of operation:-
Band & Drum
145Nm < Midpoint Dynamic
180Nm < Midpoint Dynamic
Torque < 220Nm.
Torque < 225Nm
End Torque > 170Nm.
End Torque > 170Nm
Delta Torque < 80Nm
Stop time between 0.40 and 0.60 s.
Stop time between 0.35 and 0.55 s.
Report Maximum Torque, Nm.

THOT - Oxidation
GM Method
Test
THM-350
DEXRON II uses
Transmission
Report Maximum Torque, Nm.
Transmission parts cleanliness and physical
Transmission parts cleanliness & physical
Transmission parts condition must
condition must be equal to or better than
be equal to or better than that
that obtained with Reference Fluid
that obtained with Reference Fluid
obtained with Reference Fluid
Total Acid Number Increase, 7.0 max.
Total Acid Number Increase < 4.5
DEXRON IIE and III
Carbonyl Absorbance Increase, 0.8 max.
Carbonyl Absorbance Increase < 0.55
Carbonyl Absorbance Increase < 0.45.
use Hydra-matic 4L60
Min. O2 content of transmission

effluent gas 2%
Min O2 content of transmission

effluent gas 4%
Report effluent gas O2 content
Used Fluid Viscosity at -20C < 3,000 mPa.s
Used Fluid Viscosity at -20C < 2000 mPa.s
Used Fluid Viscosity at 100C > 5.5 mm2/s
Used Fluid Viscosity at 100C > 5.5 mm2/s
No cooler braze alloy corrosion
No cooler braze alloy corrosion
Transmission
Used Fluid Viscosity at - 23.3C

6000mPa.s max;- 40C Report
Used Fluid Viscosity at 100C, 5.5 mm2/s min.
Cooler braze alloy condition
shall be acceptable
No expulsion of ATF from Vent
04/00 - Driveline
DR39 5/2/00 12:31 PM Page 1

DEXRON II
DEXRON IIE
DEXRON III
Test
Requirement
Requirement
Requirement
THCT - Cycling Test
Method
GM Method
Satisfactory operation for 20,000 cycles
DEXRON II uses
THM 350 transmission
Transmission parts cleanliness & physical

that obtained with the Reference Fluid
Condition of transmission parts must be

equal to or better than that obtained
with the Reference Fluid
Condition of transmission parts must be

equal to or better than that obtained
with the Reference Fluid
DEXRON IIE and III
0.35s < 1-2 Shift Time < 0.70s.
use Hydra-matic 4L60
0.20s < 2-3 Shift Time < 0.55s.
transmission
Total Acid Number Increase, 6.0 max.
1-2 Shift Time between 0.35 and 0.75s.
Carbonyl Absorbance Increase, 0.7,max.
Report 3-4 Shift Time, s.
Report 3-4 Shift Time, s.
Used Fluid Viscosity at 100C 5.5 mm2/s min.

2
during and at end of test.
Used Fluid Viscosity at 100C, > 5.0 mm /s

Vehicle
Performance Test
ECCC Vehicle
Performance Test
Sprag Wear Test
04/00 - Driveline
Used Fluid Viscosity at 100C, > 5.0 mm2/s

GM Method
Shift performance essentially equal

to that obtained with the Reference Fluid

to that obtained with the Reference Fluid
No expulsion of ATF from Vent

to thatobtained with the Reference Fluid
GM Method
Not Required
Not Required
Equal to or better than Reference Fluid
GM Method
Not Required
Not Required
Maximum Weight Loss - 60 mg.
Industrial
INconten 5/2/00 2:34 PM Page 1
Contents
Industrial
Hydraulic:
AFNOR NF E 48-603 Parts 1 and 2
SEB 181222 Specification
US Military Specifications MIL-L-17331H and MIL-L-17672D
US Steel 126 and 127 Specifications
VDMA 24568 Vegetable Oil, Synthetic Ester and Polyglycol Requirements
Summary of Hydraulic Pump Test Conditions
Comparison of Major OEM Hydraulic Oil Specifications
Compressor:
DIN 51506 Standard [VB, VC, VBL, VCL and VDL Grades]
ISO / DP 6521 Standard
Turbine:
British Standard BS 489
DIN 51515 Specification
General Electric GEK 32568-C Specification
Slideway:
Cincinnati Machine P-47, P-50 and P-53 Specifications
IN1 5/2/00 2:25 PM Page 1
French Hydraulic Lubricant Standards AFNOR NF E 48-603 (Part 1)

Test
Requirements
Category HM
Class
10
9
11
Kinematic Viscosity
at 40C, mm2/s
Viscosity Index
Neutralisation
No. mg KOH/g
Water Content,
% mass
Foam, ml.
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
Flash Point, C
100
15
22
13.5 19.8
16.5 24.2
95
90
Demulsibility,
ml/min.
Shear Stability
100 150
90
135
110 165
90
10
9
11
15
13.5
16.5
22
19.8
24.2
0.05
Aniline Point, C
Anti-Wear
68
61.2
74.8
32
46
28.8 41.4
35.2 50.6
130
Requirements
Category HV
Class
68
61.2
74.8
100
90
110
150
135
165
10
9
11
15
13.5
16.5
0.05
Stability
10
10
10
180
Tendency
100
100
100
100
140
160
Method
22
32
46
68 100 150
19.8 28.8 41.4 61.2
90 135
24.2 35.2 50.6 74.8 110 165
130
Tendency
100
100
100
140
160
5
Rust Prevention
Method A
Flow Point, C
46
41.4
50.6
+
Air Release,
minutes
Copper Corrosion
32
28.8
35.2
Requirements
Category HR
Class
NFT 60-112
0.05
Stability
10
10
10
180
Tendency
100
100
100
100
140
160
NFT 60-100
NFT 60-136
NFT 60-113
Stability
10
10
10
180
10
NFT 60-129
NFT 60-118
NFE 48-614/
NFT 60-149
(for mineral oils)
95
90
95
<2
< 2
Pass
-18
-15
-12
-9
Method to be defined by agreement between supplier
and user on the basis of information by supplier
40.37.3/30
Pass
-42
-36
90
95
<2
NFM 07-021
NFM 07-015
(3hrs @ 100C)
NFE 48-616
NFT 60-151
Pass
Method A
-30 -21 -12
-42
-36
-30 -21 -12 NFT 60-105
and user on the basis of a file provided by supplier
+
Variation of Viscosity @ 40C < 10%
Variation of Viscosity @ 40C < 10%
NFT 60-125*
DIN 51382 for
250 cycles
Note:
* Take 82C +/- 1C as the temperature of the heating bath for the products of which the degree of viscosity is 100, and 25C for the products of which the degree of viscosity is 32.
+ Denotes that it may be useful to know the actual value for the characteristic and that the supplier should supply this. No minimum value is required however.
04/00 - Industrial
IN2 5/2/00 2:27 PM Page 1
French Hydraulic Lubricant Standards AFNOR NF E 48-603 (Part 2)

Test
Requirements
Category HH
Class
10
9
11
15
22
13.5 19.8
16.5 24.2
95
Kinematic Viscosity
2
@ 40C, mm /s
Viscosity Index
Neutralisation
No. mg KOH/g.
Water Content,
% mass
Foam, ml.
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
Flash Point, C
100
140
Air Release,
minutes.
Aniline Point, C
90
Copper Corrosion
Rust Prevention
Method A
Flow Point, C
32
28.8
35.2
46
41.4
50.6
Requirements
Category HL
Class
68
61.2
74.8
100 150
90
135
110 165
90
10
9
11
15
13.5
16.5
22
19.8
24.2
0.05
Shear Stability
32
28.8
35.2
180
95
90
10
95
NFT 60 - 112
Pass
-6
40.37.3/30
<2
Pass
-15 -12 -9
NFT 60 - 113
Stability
10
10
10
180
95
<2
-6
Tendency
100
100
100
160
-9
and user on the basis of a file provided by supplier
+
NFT 60 - 100
NFT 60 - 136
0.05
Stability
10
10
10
180
160
Method
68
61.2
74.8
95
0.05
Tendency
100
100
100
100
140
<2
-15 -12 -9
100 150
90
135
110 165
90
Anti-Wear
Demulsibility,
ml/min.
68
61.2
74.8
0.05
160
32
46
28.8 41.4
35.2 50.6
95
Requirements
Category HG
Class
NFT 60 - 129
NFT 60 - 118
NFE 48 - 614/
NFT 60 - 149
NFM 07 - 021
NFM 07 -015
(3hrs @ 100C)
NFE 48 - 616
NFT 60 - 151
Method A
NFT 60 - 105
As agreed
NFT 60 - 125*
DIN 51382
for 250 cycles
Note:
* Take 82C +/- 1C as the temperature of the heating bath for the products of which the degree of viscosity is 100, and 25C for the products of which the degree of viscosity is 32.
+ Denotes that it may be useful to know the actual value for the characteristic and that the supplier should supply this. No minimum value is required however.
04/00 - Industrial
IN3 5/2/00 2:28 PM Page 1
Rust and Oxidation Protected Hydraulic Oils
DIN 51524 Part 1 (June 1987)

Grade
ISO Viscosity Class (DIN 51519)
Kinematic Viscosity @ 0C/(-20C), mm2/s, max.
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100C, mm2/s, min.
Pour Point, C, max. (ISO 3016)
Flash Point (COC), C, min. (ISO 2592)
Steel Corrosion, max. (DIN 51585)
Copper Corrosion, max. (DIN 51759)
Air Release, 50C, minutes, max. (DIN 51381)
Demulsibility, 54C, minutes, max.
(DIN 51599/ASTM D1401)
Oxidation Stability, Acidity max. mg KOH/g
@ 1000 hrs. (DIN 51587/ASTM D943)
Behaviour towards the
Relative
SRE-NBR 1 sealant specified
Change %
in DIN 53538 Part 1, after 7
in volume
days 2h @ 100 1 C
Change in
Shore A
hardness
Foam Volume, ml, max
Sequence I
DIN 51566
Sequence II
Sequence III
04/00 - Industrial
HL10
HL22
VG10
90 (600)
2.4
-30
125
VG22
300
4.1
-21
165
HL32
HL46
VG32
VG46
420
780
5.0
6.1
-18
-15
175
185
Class 0 - Method A
Class 2 - 100C for 3 hours
5
30
HL68
HL100
VG68
1400
7.8
-12
195
VG100
2560
9.9
-12
205
10
40
14
60
2.0
0 to 18
0 to 15
0 to 12
0 to 10
0 to -10
0 to -8
0 to -7
0 to -6
150/0
75/0
150/0
IN4 5/2/00 2:29 PM Page 1
Anti-Wear Hydraulic Oils
DIN 51524 Part 2 (June 1987)

Grade
Kinematic Viscosity @ 0C/ (-20C), mm2/s, max.
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100C, mm2/s, min.
Flash Point (COC), C, min. (ISO 2592)
Steel Corrosion, max. (DIN 51585)
Copper Corrosion, max. (DIN 51759)
Air Release, 50C, minutes, max. (DIN 51381)
Demulsibility, 54C, minutes, max.
(DIN 51599/ASTM D1401)
FZG A/8.3/90: Load Stage Fail, min.
Vane Pump Wear, mg, max. (DIN 51389/2)
Ring
Vanes
@ 1000 hrs (DIN 51587/ASTM D943)
Behaviour towards the
Relative
SRE-NBR 1 sealant specified
Change %
in DIN 53538 Part 1, after 7
in volume
days 2h @ 100 1 C
Change in
Shore A
hardness
Foam Volume, ml, max
Sequence I
DIN 51566
Sequence II
Sequence III
04/00 - Industrial
HLP10
HLP22
VG10
90 (600)
2.4
-30
125
VG22
300
4.1
-21
165
HLP32
HLP46
VG32
VG46
420
780
5.0
6.1
-18
-15
175
185
Class 0 - Method A
Class 2 - 100C for 3 hours
5
30
HLP68
HLP100
VG68
1400
7.8
-12
195
VG100
2560
9.9
-12
205
10
40
14
60
10
120
30
2.0
0 to 18
0 to 15
0 to 12
0 to 10
0 to -10
0 to -8
0 to -7
0 to -6
150/0
75/0
150/0
IN5 5/2/00 2:30 PM Page 1
December 1997
German Steel Industry Specifications SEB 181222

Hydraulic Oil Type
Kinematic Viscosity, mm2/s.
HLP 22
@ 0C, max.
@ 40C 10%
@ 100C, min.
Pour Point, C, max.

Water Content
Rust Prevention, max.
Copper Corrosion (3 hrs @ 125C), max.
@ 1000 hrs (DIN 51587/ASTM D943)
Behaviour towards the SRE-NBR 1 sealant specified in
DIN 53538 part 1, after 7 days 2 hrs @ 100 1C
Contents of undisolved matter, % mass
Air Release, @ 50C, minutes, max
Foam volume, ml, max
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
Demulsibility @ 54C, time to 40ml oil, minutes, max.
FZG Gear Testing (A/8.3/90)
Load Stage Fail, min.
Work Related Weight Change, mg/ KWh.
Vane Pump Wear, mg, max. Ring
Vanes
Density @ 15C, g/ml.
Ash % mass
Neutralisation No., mg KOH/g.
Filterability
Dry, %, min.
Wet (0.2%, H2O), %, min.
04/00 - Industrial
300
22
4.1
-24
180
HLP 46
HLP 68
700
1260
46
68
6.2
8.0
-21
-18
200
220
Below the limit of quantative detectability
Rating 0 Method B
Rating 1
2,0
Relative change
0 to +8
in volume, % max.
Shore A hardness, max.
0 to -6
Below the limit of quantative detectability
5
10
15
100/0
50/0
100/0
20
30
10
12
To be specified by supplier
60
15
Is to be specified by supplier
60
60
HLP 100
2200
100
10.2
-18
220
Test Method
DIN 51550 + DIN 51562
DIN 51597 DIN/ISO 3016
DIN/ISO 2592
DIN/ISO 3733
DIN 51585
DIN EN ISO 2160
DIN 51587
DIN 53521
DIN 53505
DIN 51592
DIN 51381
DIN 53566
DIN 51599
DIN 51354 Part 2
DIN 51389 Part 2

DIN 51757
DIN 51575
DIN 51558
CETOP G6.15.37.GB
IN6 5/2/00 2:31 PM Page 1
Major US Military Hydraulic Oil Specifications

Military Specification
Product Description
MIL-L-17331H
Hydraulic, steam turbine
MIL-L-17672D
Hydraulic, light turbine
74-97
8.0
0.3
204
40/37/3
65/0
65/0
65/0
32, 46, 68
Report
0.2
157, 163, 171
40/37/3
65/0
65/0
65/0
100
100
100
1000
1b
Pass
2200
100
100
100
1000
1b
Pass
-
ASTM D130
ASTM D665B (Mod)
ASTM D1947
0.33
Pass
Pass
Performance
Viscosity @ 40C, mm2/s.
Viscosity @ 100C, mm2/s., min.
Total Acid No., mg KOH/g., max.
Demulsibility, 30 minutes
Foam Test,Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
Oil Oxidation Test after 1000 hrs.
Total Sludge, mg., max.
Total Iron, mg., max.
Total Copper, mg., max.
Time to reach TAN = 2.0, hrs., min.
Copper Corrosion, max.
Rust Test
Ryder Gear Test P.P.I. min.
4-Ball Wear (15kg/80C/600 rpm./2hrs)
MWSD, max., mm
Bearing Compatibility
Valve Sticking
04/00 - Industrial
Test Method
ASTM D445 or equiv.
ASTM D974
ASTM D92
ASTM D1401
ASTM D892
ASTM D943
IN7 5/2/00 2:32 PM Page 1
US Steel Hydraulic Standards US Steel 126 & 127

Performance Requirements
Viscosity, D88
Viscosity Index, D567
COC Flash Point, D92
Hydraulic Pump Test, D2882 (100 hours @ 2000 psi)
Four Ball Wear Test, D2266 (40 Kg, 1800 rpm, 130F, 1 hr)
Rotary Bomb Oxidation, D2272
Low Temp. Cycling Test (U.S. Steel method)
Water Emulsion Test, D1401 @ 130F
Rust Prevention Test, D665 A
04/00 - Industrial
126
Suitable for specified application
80 min.
375F min.
0.05% Total Wear (450 mg max.)
0.80 mm scar diameter max.
120 minutes min.
Must pass @ 15F
ml oil
ml water ml emulsion minutes
40
37
3
30
No rust
127
Suitable for specified application
90 min.
375F min.
0.01% Total Wear (90 mg max.)
0.50 mm scar diameter max.
120 minutes min.
Must pass @ 15F
ml oil
ml water
ml emulsion
minutes
40
37
3
30
No rust
IN8 5/2/00 2:33 PM Page 1
VDMA 24568 - Vegetable Oil Requirements

ISO Viscosity Class
Kinematic viscosity, DIN 51550, mm2/s
@ -20C
@ 0C, max.
@ 40C, max.
@ 40C, min.
@ 100C, min.
Low Temperature Fluidity
after 72 hrs. ASTM D2532, C
Pour Point DIN ISO 3016, C
Flash Point DIN ISO 2592, C
Insolubles Contents DIN ISO 5884, %
Water Content DIN 51777, max., mg/kg.
Steel Corrosion Test DIN 51585, max.
Copper Corrosion Test DIN 51759, max.
Baader Oxidation Test 95C/72hrs, increase
of Viscosity @ 40C DIN 51554 Part 3, max., %
Behaviour towards Sealing Materials
after 1000hrs. @ 80C, CETOP R81H
Change in Shore A hardnesss
Relative Volume Change max. %
Elongation max. %
Force max. %
Air Release at 50C DIN 51381, max., minutes
Foam Test ml ASTM D892
Sequence I max.
Sequence II max.
Sequence III max.
Demulsification in min. DIN 51599, @ 54C
FZG Gear Test load stage fail DIN 51354 Part 2
Mechanical Testing in the Vane Pump Test
(mg wear) DIN 51389 Part 2
Ring max.
Vane max.
Density @ 15C DIN 51757, kg/m3
Ash Content (oxides) DIN EN 7, %
Neutralisation Value DIN 51558 Part 1
mg KOH/g
04/00 - Industrial
HETG 22
ISO VG 22
Requirements
HETG 32
HETG 46
ISO VG 32 ISO VG 46
300
24.2
19.8
4.1
shall be given by the supplier

420
780
35.2
50.6
28.8
41.4
5.0
6.1
HETG 68
ISO VG 68
1400
74.8
61.2
7.8
165

175
185
below limit of quantification
1000
degree of corrosion 0-A
degree of corrosion 2-100A3
20
HNBR, FPM, NBRI, AU
10
-3/ +10
30
30
7
10
150/0
75/0
150/0
10
120
30
195
IN9 5/2/00 2:34 PM Page 1
VDMA 24568 - Synthetic Ester Oil Requirements

ISO Viscosity Class
Kinematic Viscosity, DIN 51550, mm2/s
@ -20C
@ 0C, max.
@ 40C, max.
@ 40C, min.
@ 100C, min.
Insolubles Content DIN ISO 5884, %
Water Content DIN 51777, max., mg/kg.
Baader Oxidation Test 110C/72h increase
of Viscosity at 40C DIN 51554 Part 3, max, %
Behaviour towards sealing materials
after 1000h CETOP, R81H
Temperature C
Change in shore A hardness
Relative Volume Change max., %
Elongation max., %
Force max., %
Air Release at 50C DIN 51381, max, minutes
Foam Test ASTM D892, ml, max
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
Demulsification @ 54C, DIN 51599, mins.
Ring max.
Vane max.
mg KOH/g
04/00 - Industrial
Requirements
HEES 32
HEES 46
HEES 68
ISO VG 32 ISO VG 46 ISO VG 68
HEES 22
ISO VG 22
300
24.2
19.8
4.1
-21
165

420
780
35.2
50.6
28.8
41.4
5.0
6.1
-18
-15
175
185
1000
1400
74.8
61.2
7.8
-12
195
20
80 C FPM, 80 C FPM,
NBR1, AU NBR1, AU
10
-3/+10
30
30
7
100 C FPM
10
150/0
75/0
150/0
10
120
30
IN10 5/2/00 2:41 PM Page 1
VDMA 24568 - Polyglycol Requirements

ISO Viscosity Class
Kinematic Viscosity, DIN 51550, mm2/s
@ -20C
@ 0C, max.
@ 40C, max.
@ 40C, min.
@ 100C, min.
Insolubles Contents DIN ISO 5884, %
Water Content DIN 51777, max. mg/kg
Ageing Test Neutralisation No. increase
after 1000hrs DIN 51587, mg KOH/g.
Behaviour towards sealing materials
CETOP RP81H
Temperature, C
Change in Shore A hardness
Relative Volume Change max. %
Elongation max. %
Force max. %
Air Release @ 50C DIN 51381, max. minutes
Foam Test ASTM D892, ml, max
Sequence I,
Sequence II,
Sequence III,
Ring max.
Vane max.
mg KOH/g
04/00 - Industrial
HEPG 22
ISO VG 22
300
24.2
19.8
4.1
-21
165
Requirements
HEPG 32
HEPG 46
HEPG 68
ISO VG 32 ISO VG 46 ISO VG 68
420
780
35.2
50.6
28.8
41.4
5.0
6.1
-18
-15
175
185
5000
1400
74.8
61.2
7.8
-12
195
2.0
60 C HNBR, 80 C HNBR,
100 C HNBR, FPM
FPM, NBR1 FPM, NBR1
10
-3/+10
30
30
5
10
300/0
300/0
300/0
10
120
30
IN11 5/2/00 2:42 PM Page 1
Hydraulic Oil Pump Test Conditions

Test
Pump
Model
D-2882
Vickers
104C/105C
Vane Pump
Denison HP
Vane Pump
Model T5D-42
DIN 51389/2
Vickers
104C
Denison HP
Piston Pump
Vickers HP
Vane Pump
Racine Vane
Type
Denison HP
Vane Type
Model P-46
Axial Piston
Model 35VQ25
Mobile Application
Industrial
Application
Model S Variable
Displacement
Model
T6C 020
Volume
(Litres
per Min.)
Speed
(RPM)
Time
(Hrs)
Temp
(C)
28.4 @
1000 PSI
1200
100
329
2400
24-30
1440
25
416
2400
60 @ 71.1
40 @ 98.9
227
2400
65.5
or
79.4
60 @ 71.1
40 @ 98.9
150(1)
Viscosity
Dependant
93.3
Reservoir
(Litres)
Pressure
(Bar)
Filter
(m)
11.3 or 57
136
25
227
170
10
57
140
25
227
340
10
251
Appearance of Bronze on
Shoes, Wear Plate & Port Plate
227
204
10
123
Ring & Vane Wt. Loss:
Pass/Fail Criteria
Ring & Vane Wt. Loss

50 mg. max.
121
Vane Contour
Increase 0.015 in. max
Ring & Vane Wt. Loss:
Ring, 120 mg. max
Vanes, 30 mg. max
Ring, 75 mg. max.
38
114.8
1800
73.9
1775
1000
65.5 to
76.7
1800
300 dry
300 wet
(1% water)
80 5
Vanes, 15 mg. total

113
0 to 68
cycling
10
Ring & Vane Wt. Loss

45 mg. max.
150
250
Visual Assessment
Note:
(1) 3 x 50 hour tests using the same oil, but a new cartridge in each test. If one test fails, two additional tests must be run.
04/00 - Industrial
Input
(kW)
IN12 5/2/00 2:42 PM Page 1
Major OEM Hydraulic Oil Specifications

Performance
Sludge & Metal Corrosion

(1000 hr. D943)
Neutralisation No. (D974), mg KOH/g
Sludge, mg.
Copper, mg.
Iron, mg.
C.M. Thermal Stability Test
(Procedure A) Results After Test
Viscosity (D445, D2161), % change
Neutralisation No. (D664), change
Sludge or Precipitate, mg/100 ml.
Condition of Steel Rod
Visual
Deposits (per 200 ml), mg.
Metal Removed (per 200 ml), mg.
Condition of Copper Rod
Visual (CM)
Metal Removed (per 200 ml), mg.
Hydrolytic Stability (ASTM D2619)
Copper Wt. Loss (mg/cm2)
H2O Acidity (mg KOH/g)
04/00 - Industrial
Denison HF-2
Denison HF-0
1.0 max.
400 max.
200 max.
100 max.
1.0 max.
100 max.
200 max.
50 max.
100 max.
100 max.
Report
10.0 max.
Report
10.0 max.
0.2 max.
4.0 max.
0.2 max.
4.0 max.
Vickers
Cincinnati
Machine P-68,
P-69, P-70
Denison
HF-1
Rust and Oxidation

Cincinnati Machine
P-38, P-54, P-55, P-57
100 max.
5 max.
50% max.
25 max.
5 max.
0.15 max. increase
25 max.
No discoloration
3.5 max.
1.0 max.
No discoloration
3.5 max.
1.0 max.
5 max.
10.0 max.
5 max.
10.0 max.
IN13 5/2/00 2:43 PM Page 1
Major OEM Hydraulic Oil Specifications

Performance
Pump Wear Test (ASTM D2882)

Total wt. loss @ 100 hrs, mg.
Denison Axial Piston &
Vane Pump Wear Tests (1)
Vickers HP Vane Pump Test
Weight Loss, mg.
Filterability (Denison procedure)
Filtration Time without water
Filtration Time with water
Rust Test (ASTM D665) 24hrs.

Foam (ASTM D892)
After 10 minutes
Neutralisation No.
(ASTM D664) mg KOH/g
Denison HF-2
Denison HF-0
Vickers
Denison
HF-1
Rust and Oxidation

Cincinnati Machine
P-38, P-54, P-55, P-57
50 max.
T6C 020
P-46
T6C 020
P-46
Ring - 75 max.
Vanes - 15 max.
600 secs. max.

600 secs. max.
Not to exceed two Not to exceed two
times the filtration times the filtration
rate w/o water 80 min. rate w/o water
Procedure A & B
Procedure A & B
No Foam
Procedure A
No Foam
Note:
(1) Both of these tests will be conducted in cooperation with Denison when deemed necessary.
04/00 - Industrial
Cincinnati
Machine P-68,
P-69, P-70
Procedure A & B
Procedure A
No Foam
1.5 max.
0.2 max.
IN14 5/2/00 2:44 PM Page 1
Table 1 September 1985
Air Compressor Lubricant Standard DIN 51506
Oil Classification
VDL
VC
VCL
VB
VBL
Note:
(1) Some types of compressors up to 180C with VCL or engine oils.
04/00 - Industrial
Compressed Air Temperature C maximum

For compressors on moving equipment
For compressors with storage tanks
for brakes, signals and tippers
and pipe network systems
220
220
220
160(1)
140
140
IN15 5/2/00 2:45 PM Page 1
Table 2 Part 1: VB, VC, VBL and VCL Grades

Lube Oil Group
VB and VBL
ISO Viscosity Class

ISO
ISO
ISO
ISO
ISO
ISO
(DIN 51519)
VG22 VG32
VG46
VG68 VG100 VG150
Kinematic Viscosity
min. 19.8
28.8
41.4
61.2
90
135
(DIN 51561)
to
to
to
to
to
to
max. 24.2
35.2
50.6
74.8
110
165
@ 40C, mm2/s.
4.3
5.4
6.6
8.8
11
15
@ 100C, mm2/s. , min.
Flash Point, C (COC) min.
175
195
205
210
(ISO 2592)
-9
-3
Ash, % m/m, max. (DIN 51675)
VB & VC: 0.02 oxide ash
Water sol. Acids (DIN 51558)
TAN, mg KOH/g max.
VB & VC: 0.15
(DIN 51558 Part 1)
Water, % Mass (ISO 3733)
% Mass CRC max. after air
2.0
ageing (DIN 51352 Part 1)
% Mass CRC max. of 20%
Not required
distillation residue (DIN 51356)
Note:
Grades VB and VC are pure mineral oils. Grade VDL contains additives to increase ageing resistance.
Grades VBL and VCL are HD type Engine oils which are used as mineral oils.
04/00 - Industrial
VC and VCL
ISO
VG220
198
to
242
19
ISO
VG320
288
to
352
23
225
ISO
VG460
414
to
506
30
ISO
VG32
28.8
to
35.2
5.4
255
175
ISO
VG46
41.4
to
50.6
6.6
ISO
VG68
61.2
to
74.8
8.8
195
ISO
VG100
90
to
110
11
ISO
VG150
135
to
165
15
205
210
0
-9
VBL, VCL sulphated ash to be specified by supplier
-3
Neutral
VBL, VCL to be specified by supplier
0.1 max.
2.5
1.5
2.0
0.3
0.75
IN16 5/2/00 2:45 PM Page 1
Table 2 Part 2: VDL Grades

Lube Oil Group
Kinematic Viscosity (DIN 51561)
@ 40C, mm2/s.
@ 100C, mm2/s, min.
Flash Point, C (COC) min. (ISO 2592)
Ash, % mass, max. (DIN 51575)
Water soluble acids (DIN 51558)
TAN, mg KOH/g, max. (DIN 51558 Part 1)
Water, % mass (ISO 3733)
% mass CRC max. after air ageing
(DIN 51352 Part 1)
% mass CRC max. after air/Fe2O3 ageing
(DIN 51352 Part 2)
% mass CRC max. of 20% distillation
residue (DIN 51356)
Kinematic Viscosity @ 40C max. of 20%
distillation residue mm2/s. (DIN 51356)
04/00 - Industrial
VDL
ISO VG32
ISO VG46
ISO VG68
ISO VG100
ISO VG150
28.8 to 35.2
5.4
41.4 to 50.6
6.6
61.2 to 74.8
8.8
90 to 110
11
135 to 165
15
205
210
-3
175
195
-9
Sulphated ash to be specified by supplier
Neutral
0.1 max.
Not required
2.5
3.0
0.3
Maximum of five times the value of the new oil
0.6
IN17 5/2/00 2:46 PM Page 1
Draft - 1983
Air Compressor Lubricant Standard ISO/DP 6521

Mineral Oil-Based Lubricants for Reciprocating Compressors
Category
ISO-L-DAA
Viscosity Grades
Kinematic Viscosity
@ 40C, mm2/s. 10%
68
100
150
32
46
68
100
150
32
46
68
100
150
32
46
68
100
150
@ 100C, mm /s.
Pour Point(1), C max.
Rust
To be stated
-9
lb
To be stated
-9
lb
No rust
No rust
54
82
30
15
1.5
ISO 3448
ISO 3104 (IP71)
ISO 3016 (IP15)
ISO 2160 (IP154)
ISO/DP 7120A
(IP135A)
No requirement
60
No requirement
ISO/DP 6614
(ASTM D1401)
ISO/DP 6617
Part 1 (DIN 51352)
2.0
Not applicable
20
2.5
Not applicable
Note:
(1) When VG32 or VG46 oils are used in cold climate, pour points lower than -9C are required.
04/00 - Industrial
Test Method
46
Emulsion Characteristics
Temperature, C
Time (mins.) to 3 ml.
Emulsion, max.
Oxidation Stability
after ageing @ 200C
Evaporation loss, %, max.
Increase in Conradson
Carbon residue, %, max.
after ageing @ 200C
Evaporation loss, %, max.
Increase in Conradson
Carbon Residue, %, max.
Distillation Residue (20% vol.)
Conradson Carbon
Residue, %, max.
Ratio of Viscosity of residue
to that of new oil, max.
ISO-L-DAB
32
ISO/DP 6617
Part 2 (DIN 51352)
3.0
0.3
0.6
ISO/DP 6616
with ISO/DP 6615
and ISO 3104
IN18 5/2/00 2:47 PM Page 1
Draft - 1983
Air Compressor Lubricant Standard ISO/DP 6521

Mineral Oil-Based Lubricants for Rotary Screw Compressors
Category
Viscosity Grades
Kinematic Viscosity
@ 40C, mm 2/s 10%
Pour Point(1), C max.
ISO-L-DAH
68
100
150
32
46
68
100
150
32
46
68
100
150
32
46
68
100
150
-9
1b
-9
1b
No rust
No rust
54
82
54
30
300
nil
300
nil
To be decided
To be decided
ISO 3448
ISO 3104 (IP71)
ISO 3016 (IP15)
ISO 2160 (IP154)
ISO/DP 7120A
(IP135A)
82
30
Note:
(1) When VG32 or VG46 oils are used in cold climate, pour points lower than -9C are required.
(2) Required only in those applications where condensation of atmospheric moisture is a problem.
Where this does not apply, oils with dispersant additives, which tend to have poor water separating
properties, may be used satisfactorily.
04/00 - Industrial
Test Method
46
Rust
Emulsion Characteristics(2)
Temperature, C
Time (mins.) to 3 ml.
Emulsion, max.
Foaming Characteristics
Sequence I
Tendency, ml, max.
Stability, ml, max.
Oxidation Stability
Evaporation Loss, %, max.
Increase in Viscosity, %
Increase in Acidity, %
Sludge, % weight.
ISO-L-DAG
32
ISO/DP 6614
(ASTM D1401)
ISO/DP 6247
(IP146)
To be established
IN19 5/2/00 2:47 PM Page 1
British Standard Specification BS 489: 1999 (Draft) R & O Turbine Oils

Test
ISO Viscosity grade
(BS 4231)
Kinematic Viscosity,
@ 40C, mm 2/s. min.
max.
Viscosity Index, min.
Flash Point (COC),
C, min.
Pour Point, C, max.
Demulsification
number, seconds., max.
Copper Corrosion
Classification
Acid Number
mg. KOH/g., max.
TO
TO
TO
32
46
68
100
BS reference
Technically
identical with
28.8
35.2
41.4
50.6
61.2
74.8
90
110
BS EN ISO 3104
IP71
300
04/00 - Industrial
90
BS 2000: Part 226
IP 226/77
185
BS EN 22592
IP 34
-6
BS 2000: Part 15
IP 15
BS 2000: Part 19
IP 19
BS EN ISO 2160
(3 hr. at 100C)
0.45
BS 2000 : Part 177
Pass
BS 2000 : Part 135

Procedure B (24 hr.
test), as amended
by appendix A
IP 154
(3 hr. at 100C)
IP 1
Method A
IP 135 procedure
B (24 hr. test),
as amended by
appendix A
BS2000: Part 146
IP 146
BS 2000: Part 313
IP 313
BS 2000: Part 280
IP 280
300
Rust-Preventing
Characteristics
Foaming Characteristics:
Foaming Tendency, ml.
Sequence I, max.
Sequence II, max.
Sequence III, max.
Foam Stability
after 10 minutes., ml.
Sequence I, max.
Sequence II, max.
Sequence III, max.
Air Release Value,
minutes to 0.2% air
content at 50 C, max.
Oxidation Characteristics:
Total Oxidation Products
(TOP) % (m/m), max.
Sludge % (m/m), max.
Test MethodsMethods
TO
360
360
400
50
400
400
50
400
400
100
400
400
100
400
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
20
10
20
30
10
30
10
0.70
0.30
0.80
0.35
0.80
0.35
0.80
0.35
IN20 5/2/00 2:48 PM Page 1
DIN 51515 R & O Turbine Oils (L-TD)

Test
Lubricating Oil Group
ISO Viscosity Grade
Kinematic Viscosity at 40C mm2/s.
min.
max.
Flash Point (COC), C, min.
Density at 15C g/ml, max.
Pour Point, C, max.
Neutralisation No., mg KOH/g.
Ash (oxide ash), % mass
Water Content, % mass
Content of solid foreign matter, % mass
Water separation ability after
steam treatment, seconds., max.
Air Release Property at 50C, minutes, max.
Copper Corrosion 3 hrs. at 100C, rating, max.
Corrosion Protection Properties with Steel
Ageing Behaviour:
Increase in Neutralisation No. after
1000 hours, mg KOH/g, max.
04/00 - Industrial
Limits
Test Methods
TD32
TD46
TD68
TD100
ISO VG 32
ISO VG 46
ISO VG 68
ISO VG 100
28.8
35.2
160
41.4
61.2
50.6
74.8
185
205
-6
Below the quantitative detectability limit
90.0
110
215
DIN 51 519
DIN 51 550 plus
DIN 51 561 or
DIN 51 562
ISO 2592
DIN 51 757
ISO 3016
DIN51 558 Part 1
DIN EN 7
ISO 3733
Below the quantitative detectability limit

300
5
DIN 51 589 Part 1

6
No value specified
2
No rust
DIN 51 381
DIN 51 759
DIN 51 585 A
2.0
DIN 51 587
GEK 32568-E
Test
Gravity (API)
Colour, max
Pour Point (F), max
Viscosity
98.9C (mm2/s)
40C (mm2/s)
Viscosity Index, min
Neutralization No. (mg KOH/g), max
Rust Prevention - B (24 hours)
Flash Point (COC) (F/C), min
Copper Corrosion, max
Carbon Residue Ramsbottom, %, max
Foam, ml, max
Sequence I
Sequence II
Sequence III
Turbine Oil Oxidation Test (hours, min)

Oxidation Stability by rotating bomb (minutes), min
Oxidation Stability by rotating bomb (modified)
Air Release, (minutes), max
04/00 - Industrial
Recommended Value
ASTM Test Method No.
29-33.5
2.0
+10
D287
D1500
D97
5.1 to 5.7
28.8 to 35.2
95
0.20
Pass
420/215
1B
0.10
50/0
50/0
50/0
3000
500
> 85% of time in original test
5
D445
D2270
D974
D665
D92
D130
D524
D892
D943
D2272
D2272
D3427
IN22 5/2/00 2:49 PM Page 1
Cincinnati Machine Slideway Specifications

Chemical and Physical
Properties
API Gravity at 60F
Viscosity Grade
SUS @ 100F
Kinematic Viscosity
@ 40C, mm2/s
Colour, max
Flash (C.O.C.), F min.
Flash (C.O.C.), F min.
Neutralisation No.
(mg KOH/g oil), max
Frictional Test
Thermal Stability Method B
Results after test
Neutralisation No., mg KOH/g
Precipitate or Sludge
Condition of Steel Rod
Condition of Copper Rod
04/00 - Industrial
P-47 (G-68)
Heavy-Medium Way Oil
P-50 (G220)
Heavy Way Oil
P-53 (HG-32) Combination

Hydraulic and Way Oil
Test
Method
18 to 27 typical
ISO VG 68
317 to 389
18 to 27 typical
ISO VG 220
1047 to 1283
20 to 30 typical
ISO VG 32
149 to 182
ASTM D287
ASTM D2422
ASTM D2161
61.2 to 74.8
198 to 242
28.8 to 35.2
ASTM D445
330
360
350
410
8
315
355
ASTM D1500
ASTM D92
ASTM D9
1.7
1.7
0.60
ASTM D664
Ratio of static to
Kinetic friction
0.80 max.
Ratio of static to
Kinetic friction
0.80 max.
Ratio of static to
Kinetic friction
0.80 max.
CM stick-slip test
0.5 max. increase

None
No deposit or
discolouration
5 max.
0.5 max. increase

None
No deposit or
discolouration
5 max.
0.2 max. increase

None
No deposit or
discolouration
5 max.
ASTM D664
CM colour class
Tractor
Tcontent 5/2/00 3:54 PM Page 1
Contents
Tractor
STOU Specifications:
Massey Ferguson CMS-M1139
Ford ESN-M2C-159B
John Deere J27
UTTO Specifications:
Massey Ferguson M1127A
Massey Ferguson M1127B
Massey Ferguson M1135
Ford ESN-M2C-86C
Ford ESN-M2C-134D
John Deere J20C
MS-1207
T1 5/2/00 3:50 PM Page 1
(Super Tractor Oil Universal)
STOU Specifications
Test
API Engine Performance

Kinematic Viscosity, 100C, mm2/s
Viscosity -18C (Brookfield), mPa.s, max.

Pour Point, C, max.
Flash Point, C, min. (ASTM D92)
Shear Stability
IP297/77, % loss @ 100C, max.
JDQ102, Viscosity @ 100C, mm2/s
Foaming: (ASTM D892)
Sequence I, ml. max.
Sequence II, ml. max.
Sequence III, ml. max.
+ Water:
Sequence II,ml. max.
Copper Strip Corrosion (3 hrs @ 150C, max.)
Rust Prevention:
ASTM D665A
MF Rust Test
JDQ22, hrs. min.
Oxidation Test (100 hrs @ 150C,)
Viscosity Increase @ 100C, %, max.
Sludging
Seal Test (168 hrs @ 120C)
Volume change, %
Hardness change
(+ 21 days @ 95C), max.
Seal Test (70 hrs @ 125C)
Volume Change, %
(1) Hardness Change, points
4-Ball
Wear Scar Diameter (1hr, 65C,
1500 rpm 40 kg), mm., max.
Load Wear Index, kg., min.
IAE Gear Rig (2000 rpm., 110C, 1pt/min.)
Scuff Load, kg, min.
Water Sensitivity (0.5% v/v)
Sediment, ml., max.
Water Separation, max.
Additive Loss (% mass), max.
Wet Brake Tests, various
IPTO Clutch Tests, various
Transmission Test
Note: (1) 180 bend test on itself - No cracks.
04/00 - Tractor
Massey Ferguson
CMS-M1139
(May 1969)
Ford
ESN-M2C-159-B
(July 1984)
John Deere
J27
(January 1992)
CD
10.1 - 12.0
CD/CE
SAE 10W-30
SAE 15W-40
8000
-30
CD/SE
B1 10W-30
B2 15W-30
B3 20W-40
NR
NR
NR
190
NR
-33 (10W-30)
-30 (15W-40)
NR
NR
NR
10
NR
NR
7.1
NR
NR
NR
20/0
50/0
20/0
100/0
100/0
100/0
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1a
1b
NR
NR
Pass
-
No Rust
NR
-
NR
NR
100
10
None
10
NR
10
None
25/0
50/0
25/0
(30 sec.
break
time)
0 to +5
NR
NR
+10
NR
NR
NR
NR
0 to +10
10
NR
0.4
0.4
NR
55
NR
NR
52
NR
NR
NR
NR
Pass
Pass
Pass
0.1
Trace
Pass
Pass
Pass
0.1
NR
15
Pass
Pass
Pass
T2 5/2/00 3:51 PM Page 1
STOU Specifications
Test
SAE Classification, J300D

5W-30
10W-30
10W-40
15W-30
15W-40
20W-40
Engine Performance
API
CCMC
Kinematic Viscosity at 100C after shearing,
CEC L14A78 (250 Cycles), mm2/s.
Flash Point (COC), NFT 60-118C
Copper Corrosion (3hrs @ 100C), NF M 07-015
Rating
Four Ball Wear (1h/40daN), ASTM D4172
Scar Diameter, mm.
Four Ball EP Test, ASTM D2783
Load Wear Index (LWI), kg.
FZG Test (A/8.3/90), CEC L07A85
Fail Stage
Vickers V104C Vane Pump Test, NF E 48-617,
140 bar/250h/1460 rpm.
Ring and Vane Weight Loss, mg.
Rust Protection, ASTM D665B
Rating
Oxidation Test, CEC L48T94, 192h/150C
KV 100C Change, %
Total Acid Number Change, %
Deposits
Friction Test
Dry Filterability (mod. AFNOR)
Wet Filterability (mod. AFNOR)
Pour Point, C
Foam
-18C Brookfield Viscosity
04/00 - Tractor
CD or CE
D4 or D5
9.0 min.
200 min.
1a max.
0.4 max.
45 min.
9 min.
80 max.
No Rust
25 max.
75 max.
None
Pass
1.5 max.
Report
10C below pumpability limit, max.
Report
Report
T3 5/2/00 3:52 PM Page 1
UTTO Specifications
Test
M1127A
(October 1980)
(U.S.A)
Kinematic Viscosity, 100C, mm2/s.
Viscosity -18C, cP (Brookfield)
Pour Point, C
Shear Stability, 100C, mm2/s
(ASTM D2603)
Viscosity Index
Copper Corrosion (3 hrs @ 150C)
(3 hrs @ 121C)
Foaming (+ water):
Sequence I, ml.
Sequence II, ml.
Sequence III, ml.
Seal Test (168 hours/120C):
Volume % change
Hardness (+21 days @ 95C)
Viscosity Stability on Heating; 100hrs @ 150C
% increase @ 100C
Sludge
Steel Corrosion (MF methods):
Time to fail, hrs.
Corrosion
4 Ball Wear:
MWSD, mm (1 hr/65C/1800 rpm/40 kg.)
MWSD, mm (1 hr/65C/1500 rpm/40 kg.)
4 Ball (ASTM D2783):
LWI
Weld Point, kg.
IAE Gear Rig
(2000 RPM/110C/1 pint per min.):
Scuff Load, lb
MF Four Square Rig
Functional Tests
Note:
(1) Test as low temperature grade.
04/00 - Tractor
Massey Ferguson
M1127B
11.0 max.
6000 max.
- 30C max.
9.6 max.
4000 max.
- 30 max.
8.8 min.
7.3 min.
M1135
(May 1969)
(Europe)
10.3 - 11.7 (99C)
10000 max.
- 26 max.
-
120 min.
1b max.
95 min.
1a max.
1a max.
50/0 max.
50/0 max.
50/0 max.
100/0 max.
100/0 max.
100/0 max.
0.5 to 10
10 IRHD max.
-2 to 5
10 IRHD max.
0 to 5
nil
10 max.
nil
100 min.
-
nil
0.5 max.(1)
-
0.4 max.
30 min.(1)
200 min.(1)
Pass
135 min.
Pass
Pass
T4 5/2/00 3:52 PM Page 1
UTTO Specifications
Test
Kinematic Viscosity at 100C, NFT 60-100, mm2/s.
Kinematic Viscosity at 100C after shearing,
CEC L14A78 (250 Cycles)
KV 100, mm2/s.
Dynamic Viscosity at -18C ASTM D2983, mPa.s
Pour Point, NFT 60-105, C
Flash Point, (COC), NFT 60-118, C
Foaming Tendency/Stability NF T60-129
Sequence I (24C), ml/ml.
Sequence II (93C), ml/ml.
Sequence III (24C), ml/ml.
Copper Corrosion (3h/100C), NF M07-015
Rating
Four Ball Wear (1h/40 daN), ASTM D4172
Scar Diameter, mm.
Four Ball EP Test, ASTM D2783
Load Wear Index (LWI), kg.
FZG Test (A/8.3/90), CEC L07A85
Fail Stage
Vickers V104C Vane Pump Test, NF E 48-617,
140 bar/250h/1460 rpm.
Ring and Vane Weight Loss, mg.
Rust Protection, ASTM D665B
Rating
Oxidation Test, CEC L 48T94, 192h/150C
KV 100C change, %
Total Acid Number Change, %
Deposits
Elastomer Compatibility, CEC L39T87
RE1 (150C): Fluoro-elastomers
Var. in hardness DIDC, point
Var. in tensile strength, %
Var. in elongation rupture, %
Var. in volume, %
RE2 (150C): ACM
Var. in volume, %
RE3 (150C): Silicone
Var. in volume, %
RE4 (150C): NBR
Var. in volume, %
Friction Test
Dry Filterability (mod. AFNOR)
Wet Filterability (mod. AFNOR)
04/00 - Tractor
9.0 min.
4000 max.
-34 max.
200 min.
50/0 max.
50/0 max.
50/0 max.
1a max.
0.4 max.
45 min.
9 min.
80 max.
No Rust
25 max.
75 max.
None
0/+5
-50/0
-60/0
0/+5
-5/+5
-15/+10
-35/+10
-5/+5
-25/0
-30/+10
-20/+10
0/+30
-5/+5
-20/0
-50/0
-5/+5
Pass
1.5 max.
Report
T5 5/2/00 3:53 PM Page 1
UTTO Specifications(2)
Test
Kinematic Viscosity, 100C, mm2/s.

Viscosity -20C (D2602) mPa.s.
Viscosity -30C (D2602) mPa.s.
Viscosity -18C (Brookfield) mPa.s, max.
Viscosity -35C, mPa.s, max.
Viscosity Index
Pour Point, C, max.
Shear Stability % change, max.
Aniline Point
Foaming:
Foam Break Time (secs.):
+ Water:
Copper Strip Corrosion 3 hrs @ 150C
Rust Prevention
ASTM D665A
Humidity Cabinet (min.)
Oxidation Test (100 hrs @ 150C)
Viscosity Increase @ 100C, % max.
Oxidation Stability (JDQ 23)
Evaporation Loss (%)
Viscosity Increase (%)
Sludge Formation
Additive Separation
Seal Test (70 hrs. @ 125C)
Volume Change, %
Hardness Change
180 bend
4-Ball
MWSD, mm
(1 hr/65C/1500 rpm/40 kg.) max.
Water Sensitivity
Sediment, ml. (% volume), max.
Additive Loss (% mass), max.
Water Separation, max.
Compatibility 50/50 mix
Wet Brake Tests Various
IPTO Clutch Tests Various
Transmission Tests Various
Hydraulic Pump Tests Various
Drive Line Durability Various
Gear Wear
Filterability
Ford
ESN-M2C-86C
(European)
Ford
ESN-M2C-134D
(November 1989)
(U.S.A.)
John Deere
J20C(1)
(Revised)
(Sept. 1992)
9.0 min.
NR
NR
4000
NR
NR
-37
190
-16
(D3945)
NR
9.0 min.
NR
NR
4000
NR
NR
-37
190
-16
(D3945)
NR
9.1 min.
NR
NR
NR
70000
NR
-36
200
7.1
(JDQ102)
NR
6.2 min.
3500 max.
15000 max.
NR
NR
95 - 115
-37
195
NR
20/0
50/0
20/0
NR
20/0
50/0
20/0
NR
25/0
50/0
25/0
30 max.
50/10
50/10
50/10
NR
NR
NR
NR
2b max.
NR
NR
NR
2b max.
NR
NR
NR
50/10
50/10
50/10
NR
Pass
NR
Pass
NR
NR
100 hrs.
NR
100 hrs.
10
10
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
5.0 max.
10.0 max.
None
None
NR
NR
NR
NR
0 to +10
10
No cracks
0 to +10
10
No cracks
NR
NR
Various
Various
0.4
0.4
NR
NR
0.1
NR
Trace
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
NR
Pass
NR
0.1
NR
Trace
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
NR
0.1
15
NR
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
NR
Pass
NR
91 - 110
Special
Case Test
Notes:
(1) J20D low viscosity UTTO for cold climates. Earlier UTTO specification versions on file.
(2) UTTO = Universal Tractor Transmission Oil (not for tractor engines).
04/00 - Tractor
MS 1207
(Nov. 1986)
Special
Case Test
Pass
Pass
NR
Pass
NR
Pass
Pass
Pass
Engine Tests
ETconten 5/2/00 12:58 PM Page 1
Contents
Engine Tests
European Tests:
LEF/MAN 535
Mercedes Benz M111 Fuel Economy Test
Mercedes Benz M111 Sludge
Mercedes Benz OM 364LA
Mercedes Benz OM 602A
MWM KD 12E (MWM-B)
Peugeot TU3M High Temperature Test
Peugeot TU3M Valve Train Scuffing
Peugeot XUD 11 BTE
VW 1302
VW Intercooled T/C Diesel
VW TDi Diesel
US Tests:
Caterpillar 1G-2
Caterpillar 1H-2
Caterpillar 1K
Caterpillar 1M-PC
Caterpillar 1N
Caterpillar 1P
CRC L-38
Cummins M11
Detroit Diesel 6V-92TA
Mack T-6
Mack T-7
Mack T-8/T-8E
Mack T-9
Roller-Follower Wear Test
Sequence IID
Sequence IIIE
Sequence VE
Sequence VI
ET1 5/2/00 12:51 PM Page 1
LEF/MAN 535
CEC L-50-T-99
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Single cylinder, LEF/MAN 5305, turbocharged diesel engine.

2.0 litres, 43 kW (58.5 BHP).
Evaluation of SHPD oils against MAN QC 13-017 Specification.
Duration, hrs.
200
Speed, rpm.
2200
Oil Sump Temp., C
115
Coolant Out Temp., C
95
Fuel
CEC RF-90-A-92
Bore polishing, piston cleanliness and oil consumption rated.
Engine Tests
ET1 5/2/00 12:51 PM Page 1
LEF/MAN 535
CEC L-50-T-99
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Single cylinder, LEF/MAN 5305, turbocharged diesel engine.

2.0 litres, 43 kW (58.5 BHP).
Evaluation of SHPD oils against MAN QC 13-017 Specification.
Duration, hrs.
200
Speed, rpm.
2200
Oil Sump Temp., C
115
95
Fuel
CEC RF-90-A-92
Bore polishing, piston cleanliness and oil consumption rated.
Engine Tests
ET2 5/2/00 12:52 PM Page 1
Mercedes Benz M111 Fuel Economy Test

CEC L-54-T-96
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Standard production Mercedes Benz 2.0L gasoline injection with

four valves per cylinder.
To evaluate the performance of engine oils in respect of fuel economy.
The test procedure is based upon the ECE R15-04 and EUDC emissions
test cycles. It uses flying flush oil systems to compare oils against a base
line calibration oil.
Fuel consumption through the test cycle is compared against that of a base
line calibration oil. Reduction in fuel consumption is expressed as a % fuel
economy benefit.
Engine Tests
ET3 5/2/00 12:53 PM Page 1
Mercedes Benz M111 Sludge

CEC L-53-T-95
Equipment
Used:
Mercedes Benz M111 E20, four cylinder 2.0L gasoline injection with
four valves per cylinder.
Special engine required (bearings, piston rings, tappets, cams, timing chain,
timing cover - cylinders differ in hardware set up).
Modified gear box by-passed by one piece main shaft arrangement or standard
gear box is used.
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
To evaluate the performance of engine oils to control the formation of black

sludge on engine internal surfaces. Also measured are piston deposits and
cam wear.
No run in.
Phase 1:
48 hours of cyclic cold stage (includes 6 starts at -40C

ambient air temperature 25C).
Phase 2:
1 hour power curve.
Phase 3:
75 hour alternating stage (21/2 min. 3750 rpm. W.O.T.;

21/2 min. 3850 rpm. W.O.T.).
Phase 4:
100 hours full cyclic stage based on M102E procedure

with 10 steps of varying speed, load and temperature.
Fuel:
RF-86-A-96.
Black sludge (CRC Manual No.12).

Cam wear.
Piston cleanliness (DIN 51361 Part No. 2).
Engine Tests
ET4 5/2/00 12:54 PM Page 1

CEC L-42-T-99
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Mercedes Benz OM 364LA, 4 litre turbocharged, intercooled diesel engine.
To evaluate piston deposits, wear, sludge, varnish, oil consumption.
The engine is run according to a cyclic procedure. Total duration 300 hours
consisting of 3 x 100 hour phases of 20 x 21/2 hour cycles plus 50 hours
steady state.
Stage 1
Stage 4
1.5
0.5
0.5
50
Speed, rpm.
2400
1500
1000
2400
Power, kW (bhp).
102 (137)
70 (94)
30 (40)
102 (137)
105
Intake Air Temp., C
30
Oil Temperature, C
126
Oil Charge, kg.

Fuel Specification
04/00
Stage 3
Duration, hrs.
Coolant Outlet Temp., C
Method
of Rating:
Stage 2
5.2
RF 90-A-92 (0.25 to 0.30% S)
Pistons rated for cleanliness, cylinder liners rated for bore polish and wear.
Cams and followers rated for wear. Oil consumption reported.
Engine Tests
ET5 5/2/00 12:54 PM Page 1

CEC L-52-T-97
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Mercedes Benz OM 441LA EURO II V6, turbocharged, intercooled

250 kW engine with electronically controlled fuel pump.
To evaluate the performance of engine oils in respect of performance

in low emission high performance diesel engines.
400 hour test programme.

50 hours cyclic (4 stages) followed each time by 50 hours constant speed/load.
Stage 1
Stage 4
Constant
Speed
1900
1330
1140
2120
1900
Duration, hrs.
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
50
Power, kW (bhp).
250 (335) 210 (281) 185 (248) 2 (3)

105
Intake Air Temp., C
25
Oil Temperature, C
> 123
Oil Charge, kg.

Fuel Specification
04/00
Stage 3
Speed, rpm.
Coolant Outlet Temp., C
Method
of Rating:
Stage 2
Piston cleanliness.
Bore polish.
Cylinder wear.
Oil consumption.
Sludge.
Inlet system deposits.
Turbocharger boost pressure drop.
Engine Tests
16.1
RF 93-T-95 (0.05 % S)
250 (335)
ET6 5/2/00 12:55 PM Page 1
Mercedes Benz OM 602A

CEC L-51-A-98
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Mercedes Benz OM602A indirect injection, five cylinder in-line, turbocharged.
To evaluate the performance of engine oils in respect of cam and cylinder wear
under a combination of stop and go, medium speed and high speed operating
conditions.
Complex test cycle of 60 mins., which is repeated 200 times giving a test
duration of 200 hours.
Currently 23 stages per cycle which includes 16 ramps.
Max. oil temperature
142C.
Min. oil temperature
52C.
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Cylinder and cam wear.

Oil viscosity increase.
Piston cleanliness.
Bore polish.
Sludge.
Engine Tests
ET7 5/2/00 12:56 PM Page 1
MWM KD 12E (MWM-B)

CEC L-12-A-76, DIN 51361
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
MWM KD 12E, single cylinder, naturally aspirated 850cc diesel engine.

Compression ratio 22 to 1.
To assess high performance diesel engine oils with respect to their

influence on piston cleanliness.
Duration, hrs.
50
Speed, rpm.
2200
Power, kW (bhp).
10.7 (14.3)
110
Oil Sump Temp., C
110
Fuel Sulphur, %(1)
The three ring grooves and the first and second lands are assessed for
deposits. Reporting of piston skirt and piston undercrown is optional.
The piston rings are also checked for ring sticking.
A final piston cleanliness rating is determined based on the five
individual ring zone assessments.
Note:
04/00
(1) To CEC RF-91-A-81 specification.
Engine Tests
ET8 5/2/00 12:57 PM Page 1
Peugeot TU3M High Temperature Test

CEC L-55-T-95
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Peugeot TU3M OHC four cylinder, 1360cc gasoline engine with

mono-point fuel injection.
To evaluate the ability of a lubricant to control piston deposits, ring sticking

and oil thickening during sustained high temperature running conditions.
The test comprises 96 hours of maximum speed and load running at elevated
temperatures. Every 12 hours the engine is stopped for an automatic forced
oil make up of 600g.
Test
Oil Make Up
Duration, hrs.
96
10 (mins)
Engine (r/min).
5500
Idle/stopped
Power, kW (bhp).
50 Minm
Oil
150
Record
110
Record
Fuel Cons. kg/hr.
16.5
Ignition advance is increased 2 and fuelling by 15% to increase test severity.
Method
of Rating:
Note:
04/00
CEC M 02-A-78.
A replacement test based on the Peugeot TU5 engine should become

available in 2000. It is unlikely to have any oil top-ups.
Engine Tests
ET9 5/2/00 12:57 PM Page 1
Peugeot TU3M Valve Train Scuffing

CEC L-38-A-94
Equipment
Used:
OHC Peugeot TU3M, four cylinder gasoline engine, 1360cc, fitted with batch
approved cams and followers.
Purpose:
The method is used to evaluate the performance of engine oils in respect of

valve train scuffing in a combination of hot and cold running conditions.
Test
Conditions:
The test comprises two individual sequences run under different test conditions.
Total Duration, 100 hrs.
Part A
Part B
Duration, hrs.
40
60
Engine Speed, rpm.
1500
3000
Engine Torque, Nm.
10
35
Oil Temp., C
40
100
45
90
Fuel Consumption, kg/hr.
1.5
4.0
Fuel: RF 83-A-91
Method
of Rating:
04/00
The data is reported as ratings of the rocker pads according

to the CEC M-02-A-78 test method and cam nose wear.
Engine Tests
ET10 5/2/00 1:10 PM Page 1
Peugeot XUD 11 BTE

CEC L-56-T-95
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Peugeot 2088cc, turbo-charged, indirect injection diesel engine with EGR

pollution control system and electronic fuel injection.
To evaluate the performance of engine oils in respect of control of combustion

soot. The evaluations are based on piston cleanliness and increase of viscosity.
Engine set-up balances fuel rate, fuel timing and boost pressure to achieve
exhaust temperature of 80020C and Bosch smoke of 2.00.2; 75 hours
of 2 mins idle; 27 mins. 4300 rpm. (2 x 30 sec ramps).
Power from zero to above, kW
80
100
Oil Gallery Temperature, C
110
Fuel
RF 90-A-92
Forced Oil Make-up
every 8.5 hours
Oil viscosity increase

at 3% soot content
CEC L-83-A-97
Soot content
CEC L-82-A-97
Piston cleanliness
CEC M-02-A-78
Engine Tests
ET11 5/2/00 1:13 PM Page 1
VW 1302
DKA 6/79
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
VW 1302, aircooled, four cylinder Boxer gasoline engine, 1.3 litre.
To evaluate gasoline crankcase oils with respect to engine wear,

piston cleanliness and oil consumption.
Duration, hrs.
50
Speed, rpm.
4200 (wide open throttle)
Power, kW (bhp).
32.8 (44)
Oil Sump Temperature, C
100
Oil Levelling
Every 10 hours
Fuel
Premium Leaded Gasoline DIN 51600
Oil consumption measured.

Main, camshaft and big end bearings and piston rings are measured for wear.
Piston lands, grooves, undercrown and skirt are assessed for deposits
(100 merit = clean), according to the DIN procedure.
NB. Skirt rating includes a lead paint deposit assessment.
04/00
Engine Tests
ET12 5/2/00 1:13 PM Page 1
VW Intercooled T/C Diesel

CEC L-46-T-93
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
VW four cylinder, 1.6 litre, turbocharged and intercooled diesel engine.
Diesel detergency test for passenger car turbocharged diesel engines

run under high load conditions.
Duration, hrs.
50
Speed, rpm.
4500
Power, kW (bhp).
55 (75)
Oil Temperature, C
130
Water Temperature, C
90
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.3
Pistons rated for groove and land deposits and for ring sticking.
Engine Tests
ET13 5/2/00 1:14 PM Page 1
VW TDi Diesel
CEC L-78-X-99, P-VW 1452
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
VW four cylinder, 1.9 litre, turbocharged, intercooled diesel engine

with direct injection.
Diesel detergency test for passenger car diesel engines run

under high load conditions.
Duration, hrs.
54
Speed, rpm.
4500
Power, kW (bhp).
82 (110)
Oil Temperature, C
145
Water Temperature, C
90
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.3
Test oil fill 4.5 Ltrs.

No oil additions permitted.
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Pistons rated for groove and land deposits and for ring sticking.
Engine Tests
ET14 5/2/00 1:15 PM Page 1
Caterpillar 1G-2
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Single cylinder supercharged diesel engine (1Y73).
Evaluation of ring sticking, ring and cylinder wear and piston deposits.
Duration hrs.
480
Speed, rpm.
1800
Power, kW (bhp).
42
88
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.37 0.43
Engine rated for total piston demerits, top groove carbon filling
and ring side clearance loss.
Engine Tests
ET14 5/2/00 1:15 PM Page 1
Caterpillar 1G-2
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Duration hrs.
480
Speed, rpm.
1800
Power, kW (bhp).
42
88
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.37 0.43
Engine rated for total piston demerits, top groove carbon filling
and ring side clearance loss.
Engine Tests
ET15 5/2/00 1:16 PM Page 1
Caterpillar 1H-2
ASTM STP 509A (Pt.II), FTMS 791C-FTM 346.2
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Diesel detergency test for high speed, medium severity

supercharged conditions.
Duration, hrs.
480
Speed, rpm.
1800
Power, kW (bhp).
24.6 (33)
Oil Temperature, C
82
Oil Charge
6 qts. (US)( 5kg)
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.4
Oil Make Up
Forced make-up every 12 hours

Oil change every 120 hours
Method
of Rating:
Piston rated for deposits (grooves, lands, skirt) ring stick

and ring side clearance.
Calculated Total Weighted Demerit and Top Groove
Fill (%) are the ratings of main importance.
04/00
Engine Tests
ET16 5/2/00 1:16 PM Page 1
Caterpillar 1K
ASTM RR: D-2-XXXX
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Single cylinder supercharged diesel engine (1Y540) using one piece

aluminium piston.
Diesel detergency test for high speed, severe supercharged conditions.
Duration, hrs.
252
Engine Speed, rpm.
2100
Power, kW (bhp).
67 (91)
Coolant Out Temp., F
200
Inlet Air, F/C
260/127
Exhaust Gas, F
1025
Inlet Air Pressure (in Hg).
71.1
Coolant Flow (galls. min).
17.3
Air Fuel Ratio
28.0
Fuel Injection Pressure (psi).
15,000
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.35 min.
Parameters assessed include piston deposits, oil consumption, piston

ring projections and wear, liner polish and wear, and oil deterioration.
Engine Tests
ET17 5/2/00 1:17 PM Page 1
Caterpillar 1M-PC
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Duration, hrs.
120*
Engine Speed, rpm.
1800
Power kW, (bhp).
42
88
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.4
* After 1 hour run-in
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Piston and liner inspected. Cylinder liner and piston ring wear
determined. Piston grooves and lands rated for carbon deposits.
Engine Tests
ET18 5/2/00 1:18 PM Page 1
Caterpillar 1N
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Single cylinder supercharged diesel engine (1Y540) using one

piece aluminium piston.
To determine acceptability of oils for Caterpillar engines, based on

evaluation of oil consumption and piston deposits.
Duration, hrs.
252
Engine Speed, rpm.
2100
Power, kW (bhp).
67 (91)
93
Fuel Injection Pressure (psi).
15,000
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.05
Piston deposits rated to include top groove fill (TGF) %, top land heavy carbon
(TLHC) % and weighted deposits (WDK). No stuck piston rings or piston, ring
or liner distress are allowed. Average oil consumption measured.
Engine Tests
ET19 5/2/00 1:18 PM Page 1
Caterpillar 1P
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Single cylinder, non-intercooled 1Y3700 engine.
Evaluation of piston deposits and oil consumption when using two-piece

pistons with forged steel crown and aluminium skirt.
Duration, hrs.
360
Power, kW (bhp).
55 (74)
Engine Speed, rpm.
1800
Inlet Air Temp., C
60
Oil Temp., C
130
Fuel Injection Pressure, (psi)
28,000
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.03 0.05
Total Weighted Piston Deposits (WDP), Top Groove and Top Land
Carbon (TGC and TLC) and oil consumption rated.
Engine Test
ET20 5/2/00 1:26 PM Page 1
CRC L-38
FTM 791C-FTM 3405.2, ASTM STP 509A Pt. IV
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Labeco CLR laboratory oil test engine. Single cylinder, 0.69 litre, spark ignition.
To evaluate copper/lead corrosion, oxidation and deposit formation tendencies

under high speed/high temperature conditions. Can also be used to assess
shear stability.
Duration, hrs.
40
Speed, rpm.
3150
Power, kW (bhp).
Not controlled
Coolant Out Temperature, C
93
Oil Temperature, C
143*
*135C for SAE 10W only.
Method
of Rating:
Weight loss of bearings is measured. Engine parts are rated for varnish
and sludge deposits.
Shear stability data are obtained by measuring viscometric changes
of samples taken at 10 hour intervals.
04/00
Engine Tests
ET21 5/2/00 1:27 PM Page 1
Cummins M11
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
1994 Cummins, 11 Litre in-line, six cylinder engine.
To evaluate soot abrasive wear of the valve train, oil filter plugging and sludge
formation on the rocker covers.
Duration, hrs.
200*
Power, kW (bhp).
254 (341) - 275 (370)
Engine Speed, rpm.
1600 - 1800
Torque, Nm.
1340 - 1660
88
Oil Gallery Temp., C
115
* May run for 30 hours according to application.

Engine runs 15% over-fuelled with alternate 50 hour cycles of retarded
and standard timing.
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Weight losses of valve cross-heads, sludge and differential pressure

across oil filter are rated.
Engine Tests
ET22 5/2/00 1:28 PM Page 1
Detroit Diesel 6V - 92TA
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Detroit Diesel 6V-92TA, six cylinder, two stroke turbocharged diesel engine.
Evaluation of ability of lubricant to protect critical cylinder components

under typical conditions of use.
Duration 100 hrs, consisting of six cycles. Half of running at full load,
other half at full rated power.
Load Mode
Power Mode
Speed, rpm.
1200
2300
Power, kW (bhp).
300 320
490 510
Oil Sump Temp., C
112 119
123 131
Oil Consumption, g/hr., max.
340
340
84
84
Rings, liners, slipper bushings and piston skirts rated for distress
which relates to overall engine life.
Engine Tests
ET23 5/2/00 1:28 PM Page 1
MACK T-6
ASTM RR: D-2-1219, MACK 5GT 49
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Mack ETAZ 673, six cylinder turbocharged, intercooled diesel engine.

11.0 litres.
High severity diesel detergency and ring wear test.
Total Duration,hrs.
600 (50 x 12 hr cycles)

Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Time, hrs.
Speed, rpm.
1400
1800
2100
Power, kW (bhp).
141 (191)
168 (228)
174 (237)
Oil Sump Temp., C max.
113
113
113
88
88
88
Fuel Flow, lbs/hr.
91.6
110.1
122
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.1 0.3
12 samples are taken during the test for used oil analysis.
Method
of Rating:
04/00
The five parameters as described in the Mack Merit Rating System are rated,
reported and awarded a Merit Rating. The sum of the five ratings gives the
total Mack Merit rating. See Section C.
Engine Tests
ET24 5/2/00 1:29 PM Page 1
MACK T-7
ASTM RR: D-2-1220, MACK 5GT 57
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Mack EM6-285, six cylinder turbocharged, intercooled diesel engine.

11.0 litres, 283 bhp.
Evaluation of viscosity increase of lubricants in medium speed, turbocharged,

intercooled four-cycle diesel engines.
Duration, hrs.
150 at full load
Speed, rpm.
1200
Power, kW (bhp).
132 (180)
Oil Sump Temp., C
113
85
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.5 max.
Viscosity increases from used oil analysis are measured.
Engine Tests
ET25 5/2/00 1:30 PM Page 1
MACK T-8 / T-8E

MACK 5GT 82
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Mack E7-350, six cylinder turbocharged, intercooled diesel engine.

12.0 litres, 350 BHP.
Evaluation of viscometric performance and soot loading of engine oils in

turbocharged and intercooled diesel engines.
Duration, hrs.
Speed, rpm.
Method
of Rating:
04/00
250 at full load (T-8)

300 at full load (T-8E)
1800
Torque, lb/ft.
1010 1031
Oil Sump Temp., C
102 107
85
Fuel Sulphur, %
0.03 0.05
Viscosity increases from used oil analysis are measured. Test method also
stipulates max. oil consumption of 0.0005 lbs/BHP/hr.
Engine Tests
ET26 5/2/00 1:30 PM Page 1
MACK T-9
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
1994 Mack, 12 Litre VMAC 11, in-line, six cylinder engine.
Evaluation of bearing, piston ring and cylinder liner wear.
Duration, hrs.
500
Power, kW (bhp).
265 (356) 290 (390)
Engine Speed, rpm.
1250 1800
Oil Temp., C
99 107
85
First 75 hours of test with retarded timing to generate 1.5 2.0% soot.
Remaining 425 hours at peak torque, 15% over fuelled to produce ring
and liner wear.
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Top ring weight loss, cylinder liner wear and increase in lead
concentration (new/used oil) are measured.
Engine Tests
ET27 5/2/00 1:31 PM Page 1
Roller-Follower Wear Test
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
04/00
GM 6.5 Litre diesel engine.
Evaluation of valve train wear not related to soot.
Engine Speed, rpm.
1000
Power, kW (bhp).
30 (41) - 34 (46)
120
Engine Tests
ET28 5/2/00 1:31 PM Page 1
Sequence IID
ASTM STP 315H Part 1
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
5.7 litre Oldsmobile V8 gasoline engine with no exhaust gas recirculation.
Measures ability of oil to protect valves train components against rusting

or corrosion under low temperature, short-trip service conditions.
Duration, hrs.
28
0.5
Speed, rpm.
1500
1500
S/D
3600
Power, kW (bhp).
18.6 (25)
18.6 (25)
S/D
74.6 (100)
Oil Temp., C
49
49
S/D
127
43
49
S/D

Fuel
ASTM Approved Leaded Gasoline
Note:
S/D = shutdown
Method
of Rating:
04/00
Hydraulic valve lifter mechanisms are evaluated for rust and sticking.
Engine Tests
93
ET29 5/2/00 1:32 PM Page 1
Sequence IIIE
ASTM STR 315H Part 2
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
3.8 litre (231 CID) Buick V6.

8:1 compression ratio.
Evaluates an engine oil for its ability to minimise high temperature

oxidation and thickening, sludge and varnish deposits, and wear.
Duration, hrs.
64
Speed, rpm.
3000
Power, kW (bhp).
50 (68)
Oil Temp., C
149
Oil Pressure, (psi).
30
Blowby Rate, cfm.
16.5
Fuel
Leaded Gasoline (GMR 995)

- 375 gallons
04/00
Engine Tests
ET30 5/2/00 1:33 PM Page 1
Sequence VE
Equipment
Used:
2.3 litre Ford four cylinder fast burn engine with electronic fuel injection,
9.5:1 compression ratio.
Purpose:
This test evaluates an engine oil for its ability to protect against sludge,
varnish deposits and valve train wear.
Test
Conditions:
Simulates severe field service characterised by a combination of low speed,

low temperature stop/go city driving and moderate motorway operation.
Total Duration, hrs.
04/00
288
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Duration, mins.
120
75
45
Speed, rpm.
2500
2500
750
Power, kW (bhp).
25 (33.5)
25 (33.5)
0.75 (1.0)
Oil Temp., C
68.3
98.9
46.1
29.4
85.0
29.4
Fuel
Unleaded Gasoline (Phillips J)
Engine Tests
ET31 5/2/00 1:33 PM Page 1
Sequence VI
ASTM RR: D-2-1204
Equipment
Used:
Purpose:
Test
Conditions:
Buick V6, 3.8 litre Gasoline Engine.
To evaluate Equivalent Fuel Economy Improvement (EFEI) of an oil.
Total Duration, hrs.
65
Stage 1
04/00
Stage 2
Stage 3
Duration, hrs.
13
32
20
Speed, rpm.
1500
1500
1500
Power, kW (bhp).
6 (8)
6 (8)
6 (8)
54
93
110
Oil Temp., C
66
107
135
Engine Tests
Rig Tests
RTconteN 5/2/00 3:19 PM Page 1
Contents
Rig Tests
European Tests:
CEC Tractor IPTO Test
Denison T6C Hydraulic Vane Pump Test
Ford Tractor Wet Brake Test
Four-Ball Extreme Pressure Test
Four-Ball Wear Test
FZG Load-Carrying Capacity Test
FZG Low Speed Test
FZG Micropitting Test
IP High Torque Test
MB Planetary Gear Rig
Schmidt/Ethyl Tribo Tester Slideway Oil Test
Shear Stability Test - Kurt Orban
The Brugger Test
Timken Extreme Pressure Test
VW Shear Stability Test
ZF Synchroniser Rig
US Tests:
Gear Oil Corrosion Test
High Speed Axle Test
High Speed Shock Test
High Torque Axle Test
Thermal Oxidation Stability Test
RT1 5/2/00 3:12 PM Page 1
Scope:
Assesses the performance of a lubricant in maintaining the function of an IPTO

(Independent Power Take-Off) wet clutch under conditions representing the
most severe field operation.
Equipment:
A Ford New Holland 4600 tractor, with a modified hydraulic system and suitable
instrumentation, is fitted with a new sintered bronze IPTO clutch pack.
Method:
Powered by the tractor engine, the IPTO clutch is stalled 100 times, in a
continuously operated test taking approximately 3.5 hours, against a fixed stop.
The time for each stall is recorded.
Rating:
The time for each stall is plotted against the stall number and the clutch pack is
examined for wear and distortion.
Significance:
The test is required for a Ford New Holland tractor transmission and STOU
lubricant approvals.
Typical criteria are:
Minimum number of complete stalls: 100.
Mean stall time, secs: 1-3 at start, rising to not more than 4.5 through the test.
04/00
Rig Tests
RT1 5/2/00 3:12 PM Page 1
Scope:
Assesses the performance of a lubricant in maintaining the function of an IPTO

(Independent Power Take-Off) wet clutch under conditions representing the
most severe field operation.
Equipment:
A Ford New Holland 4600 tractor, with a modified hydraulic system and suitable
instrumentation, is fitted with a new sintered bronze IPTO clutch pack.
Method:
Powered by the tractor engine, the IPTO clutch is stalled 100 times, in a
continuously operated test taking approximately 3.5 hours, against a fixed stop.
The time for each stall is recorded.
Rating:
The time for each stall is plotted against the stall number and the clutch pack is
examined for wear and distortion.
Significance:
Typical criteria are:
Minimum number of complete stalls: 100.
Mean stall time, secs: 1-3 at start, rising to not more than 4.5 through the test.
04/00
Rig Tests
RT2 5/2/00 3:13 PM Page 1
Denison T6C Hydaulic Vane Pump Test
Scope:
Equipment:
Method:
Rating:
Specification:
04/00
To evaluate the wear and filter blocking performance of hydraulic fluids in

controlled conditions with and without water contamination.
Denison T6C Vane Pump Rig which circulates fluid while cycling the pump
output pressure and maintaining fluid flow.
The same fluid is used for 2 305-hr test phases, first with < 0.05% water then
with 1% water. A new pump cartridge is used for each phase.
Rating is carried out by Denison at their factory in Vierzon, France.
Denison Specification TP-30283.
Rig Tests
RT3 5/2/00 3:13 PM Page 1
Ford Tractor Wet Brake Test
Scope:
Method:
The method evaluates the performance of oils in respect of noise control when
used in tractor oil immersed brakes.
A Ford 6610, total weight of 9600 lbs (4355 kg), is used for a three part
procedure which reflects noise provoking and brake stress conditions
occuring in service.
PART (A)
Deceleration/Stopping from maximum speed, both

with a laden tractor and with tractor only.
PART (B)
Brake assisted spin turns.
PART (C)
A drag or fade test to simulate downhill running with continuous

brake application.
The tractor is instrumented to record brake pedal effort deceleration, brake

noise and brake oil temperature during each part of the test.
Rating:
Significance:
04/00
Tabulated and graphical results of the recorded data are presented, together
with a subjective noise report.
Rig Tests
RT4 5/2/00 3:14 PM Page 1
Four-Ball Extreme-Pressure Test

ASTM D2783
Scope:
Covers two determinations of the load-carrying properties of lubricating fluids:

(a) Load-Wear Index (formerly Mean Hertz load), and
(b) Weld Point.
Equipment:
Method:
Load-Wear
Index:
Weld Point:
Specifications:
04/00
A standardised machine design is used.
The four-ball EP tester is operated with one steel ball rotating against three
steel balls held stationary in the form of a cradle. The lubricant under test
covers the lower three balls. The speed of rotation is 1780 rpm. A series of
tests of 10 seconds duration are made at increasing load until welding occurs.
An index of the ability of the lubricant to prevent wear at applied loads. The
equation for load-wear index reflects the ability of a lubricant to carry a high
load without welding and to allow only relatively small wear scars at loads
below the weld point.
The lowest load in kilograms at which the rotating ball welds to the three
stationary balls.
The user should determine to his own satisfaction whether the results
correlate with field performance or other bench test machines.
Rig Tests
RT5 5/2/00 3:15 PM Page 1
Four-Ball Wear Test

ASTM D4172
Scope:
Equipment:
Method:
Specifications:
04/00
Covers a procedure for making a preliminary evaluation of anti-wear properties

of fluid lubricants. Evaluation of greases using the same machine is detailed
in Method D2266.
A standardised machine design is used.
Three 12.7 mm diameter steel balls are clamped together and covered with
the lubricant under test. A fourth half-inch steel ball is pressed with a force
of 147 or 392 N into the cavity formed by the three balls for the three-point
contact. The temperature of the test lubricant is regulated at 75C and the top
ball is rotated at 1200 rpm for 60 minutes. Lubricants are compared by using
the average size of the scar diameters worn on the lower three clamped balls.
The user of this method should determine to his own satisfaction whether
the results of this procedure correlate with field performance or other bench
test machines.
Rig Tests
RT6 5/2/00 3:16 PM Page 1
FZG Load-Carrying Capacity Test

IP334/DIN 51354
Scope:
Equipment:
Assess the relative load-carrying capacities of oils when used to lubricate

steel/steel spur gears.
The FZG spur gear test rig consists of a closed power circuit with drive and test
gears connected by two torsion shafts. One of the shafts has a positive clutch
for application of the load.
Method:
Special gear wheels are run in the lubricant under test at a constant speed
for a fixed time. The initial oil temperature is controlled but allowed to rise
freely during each stage of the test. Loading is raised in stages. The test is
continued until the damage load stage is reached, but if no damage occurs
at load stage 12 the test is terminated.
Ratings:
The gears are inspected visually, without removal, at the end of each load stage.
The failure load stage is determined by the summation of deep scoring,
seizure lines or seizure areas on any of the gear teeth.
Results:
The load stage in which failure occurs is reported together with the test
conditions; e.g. A/8.3/90, where A = gear type, 8.3 = pinion speed at pitch
circle in m/sec, and 90 = initial temperature in oil sump in C. These are
the usual conditions, but they can be changed as required.
Specifications:
Results are reported in terms of the highest pass stage for the IP method
or the first fail load stage, for the DIN Method.
04/00
Rig Tests
RT7 5/2/00 3:17 PM Page 1
FZG Low Speed Test
Scope:
Method:
Results:
Note:
04/00
Based on a test originally developed by Chevron, this new procedure has been
adopted by ASTM D 4998-89 for the evaluation of final drive lubricants for use
in agriculture tractors and similar off-road applications.
Using the same test equipment and gear wheels as for the FZG load-carrying
capacity test, this procedure requires a fixed load durability run to the
following conditions.
Lubricant Temp., C
121
Load Stage
10
Motor Speed, r/min.
100 3
Duration, Revolutions
120,000
The data is reported as total weight loss for both test gears, together with
the total number of teeth exhibiting wear. The precision of the method
has not been determined.
CEC test method development working group has abandoned the method until
further research studies are completed. This is due to poor discrimination.
Rig Tests
RT8 5/2/00 3:17 PM Page 1
FZG Micropitting Test
Scope:
Equipment:
Evaluates the ability of gear lubricants to resist micropitting.
A FZG gear rig is specially adapted to supply spray lubrication at

a given rate and temperature to both the slave and spur gear boxes.
Method:
The two part procedure comprises a load stage test followed by an endurance
test. During the load stage test, the ability of the gear lubricant tribological
systems to resist micropitting is determined. The endurance test provides
information on the progress of the damage after a higher number of
load cycles.
Results:
The gears are examined for weight loss, area of micropitting involute
profile deviation.
04/00
Rig Tests
RT9 5/2/00 3:18 PM Page 1
IP High Torque Test

IP232
Scope:
Method:
Specifications:
04/00
Assess the ability of a lubricant to prevent tooth surface distress in

a hypoid automotive axle under conditions of high torque - low speed
at an an oil temperature of 107C (Procedure A) or 135C (Procedure B).
A Standard Vanquard Phase I Hypoid rear axle is operated in a special test

rig under conditions of high torque - low speed. The performance of the oil is
evaluated by the examination of the axle components for tooth surface distress,
corrosion and deposits.
CS3000B requirements (Procedure B) are that the gear teeth be free

from evidence of scuffing, rippling, ridging, pitting or wear and that there
is no corrosion or rusting of the half shafts or axle housing.
Rig Tests
RT10 5/2/00 3:34 PM Page 1
MB Planetary Gear Rig
Scope:
Equipment:
Method:
To assess the relative EP/antiwear and anti-pitting properties of gear oils under
low speed - high torque non steady state conditions.
The MB Planetary Gear rig is based upon a Mercedes-Benz screening rig using
vehicle hub reduction units.
The test cycle below is repeated until a tooth breaks, excessive noise is heard,
or the iron content of the oil sample, taken every second cycle, shows a
significant increase.
DURATION
SPEED
TORQUE
(sec)
(rpm)
(KNm)
154
420
-2.0
288
480
8.6
154
420
-2.0
88
420
9.4
154
420
-2.0
10.3
46
420
154
420
-2.0
24
420
11.1
58
420
-2.8
17
360
11.9
25
420
-3.7
360
12.8
420
-4.5
360
13.6
420
-5.4
300
14.4
154
420
-2.0
30
446
480
7.0
154
420
-2.0
414
480
7.8
Inlet oil temperature controlled at 100C

Rating Method:
04/00
The two sun gears and ten planetary gears are inspected for amount
of pitting and wear on the teeth.
Rig Tests
RT11 5/2/00 3:35 PM Page 1
Schmidt/Ethyl Tribo Tester Slideway Oil Test
Scope:
Method:
The method evaluates oil in respect of static friction and stick slip behaviour
when used in machine slideway applications.
A slideway supporting a sliding block is lubricated with the test oil. The slideway
is gradually inclined until the sliding block begins to move. The angle at which
the block moves 20 m is used to calculate the Schmidt Coefficient of
Friction which uses a calculation developed by the Hans Schmidt Tribology
Laboratory for their original slideway test machine.
The method uses two combinations of test materials:
(a) Grey Cast Iron on Grey Cast Iron
(b) SKC 3 plastic on Grey Cast Iron
300 run-in cycles are carried out with the SKC 3 plastic test and 400 with the
Grey Cast Iron test. After completing the run-in, 10 test cycles are carried out
to determine the Schmidt Coefficient of Friction of the oil.
Results:
04/00
Graphical plots of all the run-in and test cycles are presented along with the
calculated results of the 10 test cycles.
Rig Tests
RT12 5/2/00 3:36 PM Page 1
Shear Stability Test - Kurt Orban

CEC L-14-A-88
Scope:
Equipment:
Method:
04/00
To correlate shear stability with the permanent viscosity drop expected

in field service.
Kurt Orban Injector rig.
A sample of oil is subjected to 30 or 250 cycles of a two cylinder diesel

injection pump and injector nozzle set to a pressure of 175 bar.
Rig Tests
RT13 5/2/00 3:36 PM Page 1
The Brugger Test
Scope:
Equipment:
The Brugger Test determines the load capacity of industrial, transmission and
hydraulic lubricants. The test provides a useful technique for evaluating the
wear protection of a lubricant under conditions of minimal lubrication.
A Mller Weingarten Brugger Test Machine is used.
Method:
A 25 mm diameter steel friction roller is rotated at 940 rpm (1.2 m/sec) against
an 18 mm diameter fixed steel cylinder roller with a force of 400 N applied
by a lever mechanism for 30 seconds. The surfaces are lubricated with a 5 ml
sample poured over the assembly one minute before the start of the test
Results:
The result is reported in N/sqmm, calculated from the measurement

of the wear scar.
Specifications:
Significance:
04/00
Typical pass criteria are:

Hydraulic Oil
30 N/sqmm
Transmission Oil
50 N/sqmm
Grease
30 N/sqmm
The user should determine to his own satisfaction whether the

results correlate with field performance or other bench test machines.
Rig Tests
RT14 5/2/00 3:37 PM Page 1
Timken Extreme-Pressure Test

ASTM D2782
Scope:
Covers the determination of load-carrying capacity of lubricating fluids by

means of the Timken Extreme-Pressure Tester.
Equipment:
The test uses the Timken Wear and Lubricant Testing Machine, in which
a pivoted test block is applied to the periphery of a rotating cylinder (cup)
in such a way that the pressure of application can be controlled.
Method:
The machine is operated with the steel cup rotating at 800 r/min. Two
determinations are made: the minimum load that will rupture the lubricant
film and cause scoring or seizure; and the maximum load (OK load) that
will not rupture the lubricant film.
Testing is initiated at an applied load of 30 lbs and increased in increments
of 10 lbs until scoring occurs. The load is then reduced by 5 lbs to determine
the final score load and OK load values. Each load stage is run for a 10 minute
duration and the lubricant temperature is brought to 38C at the start of
each stage.
Specifications:
04/00
The method is widely used for specification purposes and is used to

differentiate between lubricants having low, medium or high extreme-pressure
characteristics. The results may not correlate with results from service.
Rig Tests
RT15 5/2/00 3:38 PM Page 1
Volkswagen Shear Stability Test

PV1437 Taper Roller Bearing Rig
Scope:
Method:
Determination of the mechanical shear stability of lubricants containing

polymer additives such as gearbox, shock-absorber, automatic transmission
and engine oils.
An adaptor, containing a standard single row taper roller bearing, is installed in

a Four-Ball test machine. 40ml of test oil is introduced into a cup surrounding
the bearing and the machine is run at 1500 r/min. with a 5 KN bearing axial
load, for test durations of 4, 8 and 20 hours. The oil temperature is held at 60C.
The percentage loss in kinematic viscosity of the oil after each test run
is plotted against time.
Significance:
Note:
The method is being standardised for specification purposes and is a rapid

means of assessing the shear stability of a wide range of lubricants.
Limited service correlation of data from this test method is available.

It is anticipated that this test will be introduced into Volkswagen lubricant
specifications as they become due for revision.
04/00
Rig Tests
RT16 5/2/00 3:38 PM Page 1
ZF Synchroniser Rig
Scope:
Equipment:
Method:
To evaluate the relative performance of gear lubricants in a synchromesh

transmission system.
ZF Synchroniser Testing rig. The main component is a two-speed

synchromesh gearbox.
50,000 cycles (100,000 changes). Each cycle consists of an up and

down change.
Input Speed
1700 rpm
Output Speed
1700 rpm and 2787 rpm
Oil Temperature
Results:
04/00
85 5C
After 50,000 cycles completed the coefficient of friction is calculated.

The synchromesh cones are measured to calculate wear. They are also
visually inspected for degradation.
Rig Tests
RT17 5/2/00 3:39 PM Page 1

L-33 Formerly FTMS 791B Method 5326.1
Scope:
Equipment:
Evaluates the rust and corrosion inhibiting properties of a gear lubricant

when subjected to water contamination and elevated temperature.
The test utilises an unloaded Dana Model 30 hypoid differential unit mounted
on a test stand which enables the unit to be motored over with heat lamps
playing on the outer surface.
Additionally, an environmentally controlled box is used to store the test unit
at elevated temperature.
Method:
The unit is thoroughly cleaned, including shotblasting, internally and

assembled with care. The unit is filled with 1200 ml of oil and 30 ml
of water and motored for 4 hours at 82.2C.
On completion of this phase, the whole differential unit is stored for
162 hours at 51.7C in the environmental box.
Rating:
Specifications:
04/00
At the end of storage, the unit is disassembled and rated for corrosion,
sludge and other deposits.
Lubricant performance to API GL-5 and MIL-L-2105C requires no rusting

on any working surface and up to 3.2 cm2 of rust on the cover plate
as a maximum.
Rig Tests
RT17 5/2/00 3:39 PM Page 1

Scope:
Equipment:
Evaluates the rust and corrosion inhibiting properties of a gear lubricant

when subjected to water contamination and elevated temperature.
The test utilises an unloaded Dana Model 30 hypoid differential unit mounted
on a test stand which enables the unit to be motored over with heat lamps
playing on the outer surface.
Additionally, an environmentally controlled box is used to store the test unit
at elevated temperature.
Method:
The unit is thoroughly cleaned, including shotblasting, internally and

assembled with care. The unit is filled with 1200 ml of oil and 30 ml
of water and motored for 4 hours at 82.2C.
On completion of this phase, the whole differential unit is stored for
162 hours at 51.7C in the environmental box.
Rating:
Specifications:
04/00
At the end of storage, the unit is disassembled and rated for corrosion,
sludge and other deposits.
Lubricant performance to API GL-5 and MIL-L-2105C requires no rusting

on any working surface and up to 3.2 cm2 of rust on the cover plate
as a maximum.
Rig Tests
RT18 5/2/00 3:40 PM Page 1
High Speed Axle Test

Scope:
Evaluates the anti-scoring characteristics of a gear lubricant under high-speed

and shock loading conditions using a Spicer Model 44-1 hypoid axle.
Equipment:
The axle is driven by a 5.7 litre V8 gasoline engine which drives the test axle,
a 4 speed truck transmission and two high inertia dynamometers at a rate to
simulate hard acceleration to ca. 100 mph. The axle during testing is
periodically shock loaded through a dynamometer.
Method:
After break-in, the axle is accelerated through the gears to a speed of 1050
r/min; then decelerated to 530 r/min. The cycle is repeated 5 times. This
high speed sequence is followed by 10 shock loadings - the shock sequence.
Results:
Each new batch of gears is referenced against two industry standardised oils;
RGO-110 (low-scoring) and RGO-108 (scoring). At least a 15% difference in
the metal score characteristics is required.
Specifications:
Lubricant performance to API GL-5 and MIL-L-2105D requires scoring

to be equal to or better than reference oil RGO-110. (Only the coast side
of the gear is rated. The drive side score is only considered if there is a
large amount of scoring).
The drive gear and pinion are rated for coast side scoring.
The drive side score is only considered if scoring is significant.
04/00
Rig Tests
RT19 5/2/00 3:42 PM Page 1
High Speed Shock Test

CS3000B ANNEX D
Scope:
Method:
Assess the ability of the oil to lubricate a hypoid automotive axle at high sliding
speed, and with high impact loading, without surface distress to the gears.
An automotive hypoid rear axle is fitted into the test vehicle (Avenger) which
is operated on a laboratory inertia roller rig. The severity level of the rig
is adjusted so that the requirements of the axle are such that, using the
CRC reference oil 10/90, the area of scuffing on the coast side of the
pinion teeth is not less than 25%.
The performance of the oil under test is evaluated by examination of the axle
components for tooth distress, corrosion and deposits.
Specifications:
04/00
CS3000B requires the oil to have performance equal to or better than

that of the reference oil.
Rig Tests
RT20 5/2/00 3:41 PM Page 1
High Torque Axle Test

Scope:
Equipment:
Evaluates the load carrying, wear and extreme pressure characteristics of gear
lubricants in a hypoid axle under high speed - low torque and low speed - high
torque operation.
A Dana Model 60 hypoid axle (5.86 ratio) fitted with uncoated drive gear
and pinion is set up to drive 2 dynamometers from an 8 cyclinder, 5.7 litre
gasoline truck engine.
Method:
The axle is fitted with the test oil and driven under varying conditions.
A high speed - low torque is first run for 100 minutes and the gears
visually assessed via an inspection plug. A low speed - high torque
sequence is then run for a further 24 hours.
Results:
A complete inspection of the gears is made and any deposits

or discolouration of the bearings also noted.
Specifications:
04/00
Lubricant performance to API GL-5 and MIL-L-2105D is assessed on the basis

of tooth surface rippling, ridging, pitting and wear, together with any deposits
or discolouration.
Rig Tests
RT21 5/2/00 3:40 PM Page 1
CRC L-60 Thermal Oxidation Stability Test

L-60 FTM 2504 Gear TOST
Scope:
Determines the deterioration of lubricants under severe oxidation conditions.
Method:
A measured sample of test oil is placed in a special gear case with two
spur gears and a copper catalyst strip. The test is run for 50 hours, at 163C,
whilst the gears are being driven at 1725 rpm and air is being bubbled
through the sample.
Results:
Viscosity increase and pentane and toluene insolubles are determined.
Specifications:
04/00
The gears are rated for carbon, varnish and sludge deposits.
Rig Tests

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Intro A/w 5/2/00 3:00 PM Page 1

Ethyl Corporation develops,

Ethyl Euro-tech Centre

Introduction 5/2/00 3:01 PM Page 1

Since 1921, Ethyl Corporation has provided additive chemistry solutions to

This handbook, compiled by Ethyl, aims to provide a single source

Offices Page 5/2/00 3:03 PM Page 1

Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Ltd.

330 South Fourth Street

London Road, Bracknell

Berkshire RG12 2UW, England

Richmond, VA 23218-2189, USA

Ethyl Asia Pacific Company

Ethyl Japan Corporation

111 Somerset Road #13-03

19F Shiroyama Hills, 4-chrome-3-1

Tokyo 105-6019, Japan

European Sales Offices

Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Ltd.

Ethyl Europe, S.A

London Road, Bracknell

Woluwe Garden, Woluwedal 26

Berkshire RG12 2UW, England

1932 St. Stevens Woluwe, Belgium

Ethyl Mineraloel-Additive GmbH

Succursale dEthyl Europe SA

33 Quai de Dion Bouton

D-20144 Hamburg, Germany

92814 Puteaux Cedex, France

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SAE J300 Viscosity Grades for Engine Oils

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SAE J300 Viscosity Grades for Engine Oils

Low Temperature (C)

Low Temperature (C)

All values are critical specifications as defined by ASTM D 3244.

3.7 (15W-40, 20W-40,

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ISO Viscosity Grade Conversions

Kinematic Viscosity Limits

Saybolt Viscosity SUS

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Viscosity Ranges for AGMA Lubricant Numbers

AGMA Lubricant No.

cSt (mm2/s) at 40C

SAE J306 Automotive Gear Viscosity Classification

Viscosity at 100C min, mm /s

Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricant Viscosity Classification

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Comparison of Viscosity Classifications

Viscosities can be related horizontally only.

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Viscosity Equivalents at Same Temperature

Two Components Viscosity Blending (cSt)

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Base Stocks Viscosities

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0.16035 oz/imp gall

API gravity, deg

= (141.5/sp.gr. @ 60/60F) - 131.5

= % weight of additive x density of finished oil

API Service Classification

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API Service Classification