Manual FAQs

1.

Q. What is Testing
A. Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of
finding an error.Software testing is the process of identifying the
bugs in the project/product(software).Test engineer will check
whether the developed project/product is as per the clients
requirements or not. He has to ensure for quality.

2.

Q. What phases are available in SDLC

A. SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is a process used by
software industry to design, develop and

test high quality

softwares. To develop and deliver any project or product, SDLC

process will be followed.It contains the below phases

3.

Requirements Phase

Analysis Phase

Design Phase

Coding/Implementation Phase

Testing Phase

Delivery & Maintenance Phase

Q. What is the difference between Bug, Defect and Error

A. Bug: Deviation from the expected result. it means a fault in a
program which causes the program to perform in an unanticipated
manner is called bug.Defect: If software misses some features or
functions from their requirements its called defect.Error: Error will
be generated because of wrong login, loop or due to syntax error.
Error means to change the functionality of the program.

4.

Q. Difference between Waterfall, V-model

A. Waterfall model is a sequential execution. Once the phase is
completed the high level management will analyze the phase. Its
costly process, the requirements cant be changed in between
the phase and the risk cant be identified and prevented at the early

stage of the life cycle

V-Model: Testing activities will be started at the early stage of the
life cycle. The validation team will participate from requirement
phase on-wards. Will prepare the test plan once the SRS doc is base
lined and also prepares the system test plan, Design plan once the
Analysis phase is completed.
Advantages: 1. We can ensure for quality because the testing
activities are starting at early stage of SDLC 2. Risk can be identified
at early stage and it can be prevented.3. Requirement change can be
accepted at early stage of SDLC
5.

Q. What is agile process

A. Agile software development is a group of software development
methods in which requirements and solutions evolve through
collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams. It
promotes adaptive planning, evolutionary development, early
delivery, continuous improvement and encourages rapid and flexible
response to change.
Customer satisfaction by rapid delivery of useful

software

Welcome changing requirements, even late in

development
Working software is delivered frequently for each

sprint

Close, daily cooperation between business people and

developers

Projects are built around motivated individuals, who

should be trusted
Face-to-face conversation is the best form of

communication

Working software is the principal measure of progress

Sustainable development, able to maintain a constant

pace

Continuous attention to technical excellence and good

design

Simplicitythe art of maximizing the amount of work

not doneis essential

Self-organizing teams

Regular adaptation to changing circumstances

2.

Q. What is Re-testing testing and Regression testing

A. Regression testing is the process of testing already tested
functionalities on the iterative builds
Executing the passed test cases on the incremental or iterative
builds is also known as Regression testing.
Retesting is to test the same functionalities again and again by using
multiple sets of test data
For ex: Testing gmail functionality by using 100 login
credentials.Executing the failed test cases on the incremental or
iterative builds is also known as Re testing

3.

Q. What is the difference between Sanity and smoke

Testing?
A. Smoke testing is done once the build is ready from the
development environment before releasing the build to the testing
team. To make sure that most basic and crucial functions of software
are working fine. They will check wheather the build is ready for
further testing or not.
Sanity Testing is done once the build is released to the testing team,
the test engineers will perform smoke testing in test environment.
The main purpose of sanity test is not to break the test execution
and to make sure that end user requirements are met or not. Sanity
tests are mostly non scripted

4.

Q. What is Load, Performance and Stress Testing?

A. Load Testing: Load is number of users. The process of increasing
the load for the application is known as Load Testing. Performance

testing is the process of checking whether the application is

maintaining the targeted response time for the specific load.Stress
Testing: While increasing the load, the performance engineer will
check the response time of the application. At what point(load &
time), the application is taking more time to process the request is
known as Stress Testing.
5.

Q. What is Usability testing?

A. Usability means user friendlyness. Test engineer has to check
whether the application is maintaining user friendliness with the end
user or not. Providing user friendliness to the application is known
as Usability Testing.

6.

Q. What is UAT?
A. UAT stands for User Acceptance Testing and also known as Client
Acceptance Testing.
Once the application is stable, client will provide UA Test Cases to
the testing team. The test engineer has to execute all the test cases.
If all the Test Cases are passed, then the client will accept the build
or the build will be delivered to the client.UAT is 2 types:1. Alpha
Testing: UA Test Cases will be executed in Test environment by
testing team
2.Beta Testing

: UA Test Cases will be executed in Clients

environment by testing team or clients team.

7.

Q. What is ECP and BVA?

A. ECP stands for Equivalence Class PartitionECP technique is used in
scenarios where it is not possible to develop the Test Cases with all
thepositive and negative flows. Then will use ECP as below:

Divide the test data equally into valid and invalid.

Test the application with valid data so that the field

should accept it

Test the application with invalid data where the field

should not accept

BVA stands for Boundary Value Analysis

This technique is used when we are planning to test the range like 0100 or 0-1000 or 1 Lac. to 2Lac. etc.,
As it is very difficult to test the application or field with all the values
and even to write the Test Cases for all the positive and negative
flows.
In this situation, test the application with min, min+1, middle, max-1
and max values. If the field is accepting, then we can conclude that
the field is accepting the range.
Test the field with min-1 and max+1 values. If the field is not
accepting, then we can conclude that it is accepting only the range.
8.

Q. What is system testing? Explain in detail

A. System Testing is also known as nonfunctional testing and is
performed on the entire system. It is to ensure whether the
application is maintaining the response time when the maximum and
minimum users are

working on that application.Response time is

the time taken between the request and response

9.

Q. What is the differences between web application testing

and client server application testing.
A. In Client Server testing, there are two different components to
test.
Application is loaded on server machine and the application exe on
every client machine.
Testing is done broadly in categories like GUI on both sides,
functionality, Load, Client Server interaction and backend testing.
Most of the client server applications are Intranet networks.Web
Application testing is complex to test as tester doesnt have control
over the application.Application is loaded on the server whose
location may not be known and no exe is installed on theclient
machine. Hence, Web Applications are supposed to test on different
browsers and OS platforms. It is tested mainly for browser and OS

compatibility, error handling, static pages, backend testing and Load

Testing.
10.

Q. Explain in detail what is integration testing and

Regression testing
A. Integration means combining. Once all the modules are developed
by the developers, then thedeveloper will combine all the modules in
a hierarchical order is known as integration.
Integration Testing means whether the data flow between one
module to other is navigating properly or not.Regression testing is
the process of testing already tested functionalities on the iterative
and incremental builds.
Executing the passed test cases on the incremental or iterative
builds is also known as Regression testing

11.

Q. Explain the difference between test scenario and test

case
A. Test Case consists of set of input values, precondition, expected
Results and post Condition developedto cover certain test
Condition.Test Scenario: Scenario means a flow or story.
Requirement will be divided into multiple scenarios to test it in all
the possible flows.In short, Test Scenario is What to be tested and
Test Case is How to be Tested.

12.

Q. Draw differences between QC and QA?

A. QA (Quality Assurance) is process oriented and focuses on defect
prevention where as QC (QualityControl) is product oriented and
focuses on defect identification.
QA is a set of activities for ensuring quality in the processes by
which products are developed and QC is a set of activities for
ensuring quality in products.
Goal of QA is to improve development and test processes so that
defects do not arise when the product is being developed. On the
other hand, QC is to identify defects after a product is developed and

before its released.Verification is an example of QA.

Validation/Software Testing is an example of QC.
13.

Q. In defects in the software, how are priority and severity

defined?
A. Severity describes how seriously the bug is impacting the
application. Each and every bug will have the severity. Severity has
below types,1.

Blocker 2. Very High

3. High

4.Medium

5.

LowPriority describes the order to fix the bugs. It is of type P1, P2,
P3, P4 and P5.
P1 bugs are fixed initially, then P2, P3, P4, P5
We will maintain the priority for each bug based on severity.
14.

Q. What is the difference between priority in test cases and

priority in bugs
A. Priority in TestCases: Every test case/scenario has a priority. It
describes the importance of the test cases. There are 4 types of
priorities.
Priority1 (P1) The Test Case describes about the

main functionality.
Priority2 (P2) The Test Case describes about the

field level.

Priority3 (P3) All the GUIs.

Priority4 (P4) - If the test engineer is planning to

provide any suggestion to the application, then he can write test
cases where the priority is P4

Priority in Bugs: Based on the severity the priority will be assigned.

Priority describes in which order the has to be fixed by the developer

Blocker P1

Very High P2

High P3

Medium P4

Low P5

2.

Q. What do you write in a test plan?

A. Plan is a strategic document which describes how to perform one
task in an effective and efficient manner. Software Test Plan is a
strategic document which describes how to perform testing in an
effective and efficient manner.It will be prepared by the Testlead

3.

Q. What is AUT?
A. AUT stands for Application Under Test. The project which we are
testing is known as AUT

4.

Q. What is Adhoc Testing?

A. After understanding all the requirements of the application and
one round of manual testing is completed then the test engineer will
perform testing in user defined order is known as adhoc testing. By
performing adhoc testing, the test engineer can provide the user
friendliness to the application.

5.

Q. What is Alpha Testing and Beta Testing?

A. Alpha Testing: UA Test Cases will be executed in Test environment
by testing team

Beta Testing

: UA Test Cases will be executed in Clients environment by

testing team or clients team.

1.

Q. What is Compatibility Testing?

A. Testing the application in multiple browsers and operating
systems(environments) and check whether the application is working as
excepted in all the environments or not is known as compatibility
testing.
Ex: Test the gmail.com on firefox, IE, GoogleChrome, Safari and opera in
windows, Linux and Mac systems
This kind of testing is useful for Internet based applications like
selenium4testing.com, Facebook etc..

2.

Q. What is End-to-End testing?

A. Scenario means the flow. Test engineer has to identify the end user
used scenarios in the application. The test engg has to execute all the
end user used scenarios and check that whether the application is

fulfilling the end users requirements or not is known as End-To-End

testing.
3.

Q. What is Localization Testing?

A. Test engineer will test the application in all the local languages like
Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Tamil etc., and check that whether the
application is working as expected or not is known as Localization
Testing. Localization testing supports maximum of 10 languages. Hence,
we call it as L10N Testing.

4.

Q. What is Internationalization Testing

A. Test Engg will test the application in all the international languages
like Spanish, Chinese, Japanese etc. is known age Internationalization
testing. It supports 18 languages hence will call it has I18N testing.
Ex: Test gmail.com in all the internationalization languages

5.

Q. What is Monkey Testing (or Gorilla Testing)?

A. Monkey Testing means testing the application by performing
abnormal actions like:
Continuously click on any field for a longer period of time

and check that whether the application is throwing any error or

not.
Enter the invalid data like tags in the application and check

that whether the application is crashing or not.

6.

Q. Explain the bug which is High Severity and Low priority ?

A. High severe bugs will be having high priority. But if the bug is not
related to the current release then the priority of the bug will became
low priority. The development lead will have the permission to change
the priority.

7.

Q. Explain the bug which is Low Severity and High priority ?

A. Low severe bugs will be having low priority. But if the bug is related
to the current release then the priority of the bug will became high
priority. The development lead will have the permission to change the
priority.

8.

Q. What is Endurance Testing (or Soak Testing)?

A. Testing the application with minimum load for 1 to 2hrs and check
that whether the application is maintaining the targeted response time
or not is known as Soak testing

9.

Q. What is Volume Testing?

A. Testing the application with maximum load for 1 to 2hrs and check
that whether the application is maintaining the targeted response time
or not is known as Volume testing

10.

Q. Write 5 positive and negative test cases for mobile

A. Please refer class notes

11.

Q. Write 5 negative test cases on bike

A. Please refer class notes