ICDS12

International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation

LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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EVALUATION OF TIMBER STRUCTURES IN SANTA CRUZ

HEADQUARTERS TROOP

Rodrigo F. Terezoa, Carlos Dion de M. Telesb

Professor at State University of Santa Catarina,

engineer of DEDINI enterprise

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b Project

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Historic of Building

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The Santa Cruz Headquarters Troop was

designed and built in 1739 by the Portuguese
troop on the Anhatomirim Island.
The main objective of this Fortress was to
protect the Santa Catarina bay from foreign
attacks;
This Fortress was the most important compared
to other two fortress built in the same bay

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

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General Local Photos

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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General Local Photos

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

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General Local Photos

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

LNE
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General Local Photos

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

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General Local Photos

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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Structural elements inspected

Fascia beams

Standard rafters

Rafters

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Structural elements inspected

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Joints

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Methods of inspection

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Non-destructive testing:
Visual assessment;
Resistive and inductive hygrometer;
Ultrasound;
Anatomical wood species identification;

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

Methods of inspection

Visual assessment:

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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It helps to estimate the quality of parts due to

defects such as knots and sloping fibers;
Its necessary for mapping the biological
attacks in the structural elements and identify
the surfaces with moisture.

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Methods of inspection

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Resistive and inductive hygrometer:

The moisture content was measured at
different locations and parts of the building;
Detection the local and changes measures
helps to relate the timber pathology and its
origins.

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

Methods of inspection

Ultrasound:

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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The equipment used was Sylvatest with

conic transducers that emit waves of 30 kHz
frequency;
Tool for validated the visual inspection and
the areas with biological severs attacks.

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Methods of inspection

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Anatomical wood species identification:

It was possible to justify the attack of termites on
specifics structural elements (Cedrela fissilis);
It also justified by the variation of the results of
ultrasound velocity in fascia beams.

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

Results

Visual assessment:

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

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Degradation by fungi and termites.

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Results

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Resistive and inductive hygrometer:

22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Distances from the wall (cm)

Moisture Content (%)

Moisture Content (%)

The moisture content stable with 18% in hard

wood structure elements.
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Northwest side

Southwest side

Lower side

Rafter 61 - Inductive

Rafter 61 - Resistive

Standart Rafter 03 - Inductive

Standart Rafter 03 - Resistive

Rafter 30 - Inductive

Rafter 30 - Resistive

Standart Rafter 09 - Inductive

Standart Rafter 09 - Resistive

Rafter 50 - Inductive

Rafter 50 - Resistive

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

12

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Results

Ultrasound:

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Propagation velocity of ultrasound (m/s)

For the same visual conditions were measured differs

ultrasound waves velocities. This occurs because of
differs timber species and conservation state.
Structures Elements PropagationVelocity

4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
20

20

20

20

VisualAnalisys

Rafter61

4680m/s

Dry and Good Condition

Rafter50

3333m/s

Moist and Good Condition

Rafter30

2251m/s

Attacked by termites

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Distance between transducers (cm)

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Standart rafter 02 - Cedrela fissilis

Standart rafter 03 - Cedrela fissilis
Standart rafter 09 - Hieroyima alchorneoides

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Results

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Anatomical wood species identification:

Differs degradations wood resistance.
21 samples and 10 species were identified.
Structure Elements

WoodSpecies

LocalName

StandardRafter02

Cedrela fissilis

Cedro

StandardRafter09

Hieroyima alchorneoides

Licurana

Rafter106

Aspidosperma pirycollum

Peroba

FasciaBeam02

Protium heptaphyllum

Almcega

FasciaBeam03

Platymiscium horibundum

Jacaranddolitoral

Joint01

Carearia sylvestris

Guaatonga

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Conclusions

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Most of the structural elements in good

condition.
There was no evidence of termite activity.
Predominance of fungi on structural elements
without loss of mechanical strength.
Visual inspection validated by auxiliary tools.
Cleaning and maintenance of rain gutters.
Reinforcement and replacement of some
structural elements.

DURABLE STRUCTURES

LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

Thanks for

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Santa Catarina State University - UDESC

Biosystems Engineering Research Group NEBios
Interdisciplinary Timber Research Group - Giem.
Students from Santa Catarina Federal University UFSC.

ICDS12
International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

DURABLE STRUCTURES

Contacts

terezo@cav.udesc.br

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www.udesc.br

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LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

www.cav.udesc.br

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Thanks for attention !!!