2 D Modelling

4/28/2010
ARR Project 15
Two Dimensional Simulation
in Urban Areas
Mark Babister
WMAWater , Chair NCWE
Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation
WORKSHOP TEAM
The Project 15 workshop members were (* indicate contributing authors to
the Project 15 report):
Mark Babister (Project Manager) - WMAwater *

James Ball (ARR Editor) UTS *
Roger Austin Wallingford
Cathie Barton *
Warwick Bishop Water Technology *
Ben Caddis - WBM
Stephen Gray - WMAwater *
Rhys Hardwick Jones - WMAwater *
Martin Lambert Uni of Adelaide
John Macintosh - Water Solutions
Andrew McCowan Water Technology *
Steve Muncaster Water Technology *
4/28/2010
WORKSHOP TEAM
John Murtagh NSW DECC *

Bill Peirson UNSW (WRL) *
Brett Phillips Cardno *
Habib Rehmann - Golder
Monique Retallick - WMAwater *
Ted Rigby - Rienco
Grantley Smith UNSW (WRL) *
Bill Syme - WBM *
Stefan Szylkarski - DHI *
Chris Thomas Worley Parsons
Rhys Thompson Cardno *
Eric Valentine - CDU
Rudie Van Drye
Bill Weeks QLD Main Roads*
OUTLINE
Background
Aim
Approach
Workshop team
Report Structure
Recommendations
4/28/2010
INTRODUCTION
One of 21 research projects to fill knowledge gaps
The next edition of ARR will provide guidance on appropriate
usage
The aims of the project, therefore, were to develop guidance on:
model conceptualisation and representation of hydrological and
hydraulic processes, inclusive of loss modelling;
influence of the conceptualisation on the input data;
influence of the conceptualisation on parameter estimation and
the uncertainty in parameter estimation;
predictive uncertainty; and
analysis of model output.
No promotion of software
IDENTIFIED NEED FOR

GUIDENCE
2D models have become tool of choice

2D model better represents storage
which challenges aspects of ARR 87
peak burst approach
latest trend in Australian practice is to
use 2D models as finely distributed
hydrological models
4/28/2010
2D Model Uses Urban

Redevelopment
2D Model Uses - Infrastructure
4/28/2010
2D Model Uses - Infrastructure
What is ARR used for?

Protection
4/28/2010
2D Model Uses Protection
2D Model Uses Environmental

Flows
4/28/2010
AIM
Aim Stage 1 of Project 15 was to consolidate existing
knowledge and practice and to highlight deficiencies in the
available information.
Stage 2: Testing of emerging areas or areas identified as

requiring further research.
AIM
The Stage 1 deliverables defined by the funding
agreement with DCC were:
15.1
15.2
15.3
Assessment of two dimensional models and approaches

for simulation of events in urban areas.
Development of a methodology for assessing the
performance of these models.
A report detailing the above work including a detailed
scoping of future stages.
4/28/2010
AIM
The Stage 2 deliverables defined by the funding
agreement with DCC were:
15.1
15.2
Production of a series of peer reviewed papers that give

clear recommendations on the knowledge gaps
Updating of the stage 1 report to incorporate this work.
APPROACH
Non traditional approach in order to bring
together knowledge
series of workshops whose attendees
included:
software suppliers
experienced 2D model users,
clients, and
hydraulics experts.
4/28/2010
APPROACH Cont
Produce collaborative report

Initial Wiki approach
Chapter Authors assigned
Group review and technical writer
WORKSHOP TEAM
The Project 15 workshop members were (* indicate contributing authors to
the Project 15 report):
Mark Babister (Project Manager) - WMAwater *

James Ball (ARR Editor) UTS *
Roger Austin Wallingford
Cathie Barton *
Warwick Bishop Water Technology *
Ben Caddis - WBM
Stephen Gray - WMAwater *
Rhys Hardwick Jones - WMAwater *
Martin Lambert Uni of Adelaide
John Macintosh - Water Solutions
Andrew McCowan Water Technology *
Steve Muncaster Water Technology *
4/28/2010
WORKSHOP TEAM
John Murtagh NSW DECC *

Bill Peirson UNSW (WRL) *
Brett Phillips Cardno *
Habib Rehmann - Golder
Monique Retallick - WMAwater *
Ted Rigby - Rienco
Grantley Smith UNSW (WRL) *
Bill Syme - WBM *
Stefan Szylkarski - DHI *
Chris Thomas Worley Parsons
Rhys Thompson Cardno *
Eric Valentine - CDU
Rudie Van Drye
Bill Weeks QLD Main Roads*
REPORT STRUCTURE
Chapter no.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Chapter Title
Introduction
2D Conceptualisation
Overview of Modelling approaches
Modelling Process
Data Requirements
Model Schematising / Implementation / Assembly
Calibration Process
Interpretation of Results
1D/2D models
Current Issues with 2D modelling
Direct Rainfall
Recommendations and Conclusions
10
4/28/2010
REPORT STRUCTURE
Chapter no.
10
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
10.10
10.11
Chapter Title
Current Issues with 2D modelling
Supercritical flow
Adaptive timesteps/run times
Wetting/Drying
Valid Parameter ranges/envelopes
Eddy Viscosity
Very shallow and very deep flow
Numerical precision and accuracy issues
Sub grid features
Structures
Features in urban environments
Resistance/ roughness
DIRECT RAINFALL
BACKGROUND
Relatively new approach

Removes need for hydrologic model
Very few published studies (Caddis et al
2008, Clark et al 2008)
No natural gauged catchments with

LIDAR data were available until very
recently
11
4/28/2010
RECOMMENDATIONS
Momentum transfer
Interaction between flows in the main channel of rivers and on

floodplains and the incorporation of these effects in numerical models,
Connections between 1D and 2D models and momentum transfer,
Testing of commercial software to predict the velocity and hydraulic

hazard distribution of a test channel compared to the theoretical
distributions.
These models should be tested under the following conditions:

compound channels,
meandering channels, and
urban areas.
12
4/28/2010
RECOMMENDATIONS
Obstructions
Buildings
flow obstructions or ineffective flow area,
increased roughness
temporary storage
Testing of modelling of small-scale features beyond the
resolution of the model, particularly features likely to control
flow behaviour
buildings,
fences, and
walls).
13
4/28/2010
RECOMMENDATIONS
Test catchments
At the time of writing no catchment in
Australia meets the intensive data
requirements set out below for a suitable test
data set:
pluviograph records,
topographic data (channel cross sections, ALS data etc)
gauged catchment,
calibration data, and
information regarding roughness values.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Cardno
University of Technology Sydney
Charles Darwin University
WBM
Department of Environment and

Climate Change NSW
Wallingford
Water Solutions
Department of Main Roads QLD
Water Technology
DHI Water and Environment
WMAwater
Golder
Worley Parsons
Rienco
WRL (UNSW)
University of Adelaide
14
4/28/2010
Thank You
and
Questions ?
15

2 D Modelling

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4/28/2010

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

Mark Babister (Project Manager) - WMAwater *

A guide to runoff estimation

John Murtagh NSW DECC *

A guide to runoff estimation

A guide to runoff estimation

A guide to runoff estimation

IDENTIFIED NEED FOR

2D models have become tool of choice

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

2D Model Uses Urban

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

2D Model Uses - Infrastructure

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

2D Model Uses - Infrastructure

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

What is ARR used for?

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

2D Model Uses Protection

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

2D Model Uses Environmental

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Stage 2: Testing of emerging areas or areas identified as

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Assessment of two dimensional models and approaches

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Production of a series of peer reviewed papers that give

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Produce collaborative report

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Mark Babister (Project Manager) - WMAwater *

A guide to runoff estimation

John Murtagh NSW DECC *

A guide to runoff estimation

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Relatively new approach

No natural gauged catchments with

A guide to runoff estimation

Interaction between flows in the main channel of rivers and on

Connections between 1D and 2D models and momentum transfer,

Testing of commercial software to predict the velocity and hydraulic

These models should be tested under the following conditions:

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation

Australian Rainfall and Runoff

A guide to runoff estimation