1- -------------- are the macromolecules

that carry out most cellular functions.

(a) Proteins
(b) DNA
(c) RNA
(d) Ribosomes
2- ------------ is the nucleotide triplet in
messenger RNA that specifies the
amino acid to be inserted in specific
position in the forming polypeptide
during translation.
(a) anticodon
(b) coding area
(c) codon
(d) non-coding area
3- The genes of every cell on earth are
made of ------------.
(a) DNA
(b) DNA & RNA
(c) DNA, RNA & Ribosomes
(d) DNA, RNA, Ribosomes & Proteins
4- The two chains are held together
by ------------ between the base
portions of the nucleotides
(a) Phosphodiester bonds
(b) Hydrogen bonds
(c) Phosphate bonds
(d) Non of the above
5- A pair of hydrogen-bonded nitrogenous
base (one purine and one pyrimidine)
that join the component strands of the
DNA double helix is known as:
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(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

DNA backbone
DNA genome
DNA sequence
DNA base pairs

6- The genetic code is said to be -----------because more than one nucleotide

triplet codes for the same amino acid.
(a) replicated
(b) complemented
(c) degenerated
(d) duplicated
7- ---------- is an enzyme that unwinds a
DNA double helix molecule ahead of
DNA polymerase III in E.coli
(a) DNA polymerase
(b) DNA helicase
(c) DNA ligase
(d) DNA endonuclease
8- ------------ is enzyme that catalyzes
the formation of a phosphodiester
bond between adjacent 3-OH and 5
-P termini in DNA.
(a) DNA polymerase
(b) DNA helicase
(c) DNA ligase
(d) DNA endonuclease
9- ------------ is an enzyme that catalyzes
the formation of DNA from
deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates,
using single-stranded DNA as a
template.
(a) DNA polymerase
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(b) DNA helicase

(c) DNA ligase
(d) DNA endonuclease
10- The DNA is:
(a) electrical charged
(b) negatively charged
(c) neutral charged
(d) positive charged
11- Any mechanism that restores the
correct nucleotide sequence of a
DNA molecule that has incurred one
or more mutations is:
(a) DNA replication
(b) DNA repair
(c) DNA transcription
(d) DNA amplification
12- Cloned DNA can be altered
------------- to create mutant genes to
order and then reinserted into a
cell, or an organism to study gene
function.
(a) in polo
(b) in situ
(c) in vitro
(d) in vivo
13- DNA does not have
(a) hydrogen bonds
(b) phosphate groups
(c) ribose
(d) thymine

14- ------------ are connected by DNA

ligase to form the lagging strand.
(a) DNA fragments
(b) Okazaki fragments
(c) SSB
(d) all of the above
15- DNA is found
(a) in almost every cell of all living
organisms
(b) in fossils
(c) in the nucleus
(d) all of the above
16- DNA polymerase
(a) adds nucleoside phosphates onto the
3' end of the chain
(b) adds nucleoside phosphates onto the
5' end of the chain
(c) does not require a primer
(d) does not require a template
17- Exons are
(a) allowed to pass through the cell
membrane
(b) genes which are untranscribed
(c) spliced out after transcription
(d) transcribed and translated
18- In the DNA transcription, the
formation of an RNA molecule upon
a DNA template by complementary
base pairing; is mediated by:
(a) DNA polymerase
(b) RNA polymerase
(c) DNA ligases
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(d) Primases
19- The consecutive nucleotide triplets
or DNA and RNA that specify the sequence of amino acids for protein
synthesis is:
(a) the genetic code
(b) the heredity
(c) the producing of proteins
(d) the genetic formation
20- All the genetic material in the
chromosomes of a particular
organism are in:
(a) DNA genome
(b) RNA genome
(c) total proreins
(d) all of the above
21- In split genes, a segment that is
transcribed into nuclear RNA, but is
subsequently removed from within
the transcript and rapidly degraded:
(a) Exons
(b) Introns
(c) Spacers
(d) Non-coding areas
22- In eukaryotes most genes
(a) are capped
(b) are continuous
(c) contain internal non-coding sequences
called introns
(d) have poly(dT) tails

23- In humans and other eukaryotes,

---------------occurs in the cell
nucleus.
(a) amplification
(b) replication
(c) transcription
(d) translation
24- ------------- is the DNA strand
synthesized with few or no
interruptions
(a) Okazaki fragments
(b) Lagging strand
(c) Complementary strand
(d) Leading strand
25- --------------means, a biologic or
biochemical process occurring
outside a living organism.
(a) in laboratory
(b) in tube
(c) in vitro
(d) in vivo
26- The DNA base sequences
interrupting the protein- coding
sequences of a gene is:
(a) codon
(b) exon
(c) intron
(d) spacer
27- -----------------is a complex DNA
sequence complementary to an RNA
6

molecule of interest, carried in a

cloning vector.
(a) cDNA clone
(b) DNA/RNA
(c) exon
(d) promoter

28- ----------------is an enzyme that

transcribes an RNA molecule from the
antisense strand of a DNA molecule.
(a) DNA polymerase
(b) DNA primase
(c) RNA polymerase
(d) RNA primase
29- ------------------is specific proteins that
read termination codons and cause the
liberate of the finished polypeptide.
(a) release factors
(b) sliding clamp
(c) SSB
(d) stop codon
30- ------------ Site of repressor binding
on a DNA molecule; part of an
operon.
(a) operator
(b) primer
(c) promoter
(d) terminal
31- Mutation is:
(a) The process by which a gene
undergoes a function change
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(b) The process by which a gene

undergoes a structural change.
(c) The process by which a gene
undergoes a physical change
(d) The process by which a gene
undergoes a chemical change
32- SSB is:
(a) Single Stranded Bonds
(b) Single Stranded Biphosphates
(c) Single Stranded Binding proteins
(d) Single Stranded Binding enzymes
33- The short pre-existing
polynucleotide chain to which new
deoxyribonucleotides can be added
by DNA polymerase is:
(a) DNA primase
(b) DNA primer
(c) RNA primase
(d) RNA primer
34- A site on DNA to which RNA
polymerase will bind and initiate
transcription:
(a) is clone
(b) is operator
(c) is promoter
(d) is transcripton
35- RNA polymerase
(a) binds to a promoter sequence ~100kb
from the initiation site
(b) does not require a template
(c) requires a primer
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(d) transcribes DNA in a 5' to 3'

direction
36- The DNA daughter strand that is
synthesized continuously is:
(a) cDNA strand
(b) the complementary strand
(c) the lagging strand
(d) the leading strand
37- The polymerase binds very tightly,
however, when it meets a specific DNA
sequence, called -----------(a) exons
(b) introns
(c) poly As
(d) promoter
38- The process in which DNA is
copies before a cell divides is
called
(a) base pairing
(b) estivation
(c) replication
(d) transcription
39- The stability of genes depends on:
(a) DNA amplification
(b) DNA cloning
(c) DNA repair
(d) DNA replication
40- The two scientists who
discovered the shape of DNA
were
(a) Adenine and Thymine
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(b) Newton and Rutherford

(c) Proctor and Gamble
(d) Watson and Crick

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