TABLE OF CONTENT

SLNO

TITLE

PAGE
NUMBER

Syllabus
Unit Itransformer
1.1 Principle Of Operation

1.2 Types Of Transformers

1.3 Construction
1.3.1 Core Type

2-7

1.3.2 Shell Type

1.3.3 Spiral Core Type

1 . 4 idealtransformer
1.5 Transformation Ratio
1.6 current ratio
1.7 equivalent circuit
1 . 8 TRANSFORMER LOSSES
1.9 Efificiency
1.10 Auto Transformer
1.11pulse Transformer
1.11.1signal Type Pulse Transformer
1.11.2 Power Type Pulse Transformer
1.11.3 Construction Of Pulse Transformer
1.11.4 Working Principle Of Transformer
1.11.5 Differences In Traditional Transformer
Transformer
1.11.6 Uses Of Pulse Transformers
1.12 Three Phase Transformer Basics
1.12.1 Three Phase Voltages And Currents
1.12.2 Three Phase Transformer Connections
1.12.3 Transformer Star And Delta Configurations
1.12.4 Transformer Winding Identification
1.12.5 Three-Phase Voltage And Current
1.12.7 Three Phase Transformer Construction
1.12.8 Three Phase Transformer Construction
UNIT-II DC GENERATOR
2.1 Introduction to D.C machines
2.2 Generator principle

7
8
8
8
10
11
11

12-14

And

Pulse

15-19

20
20

2.3 Conversion of AC to DC
22
2.4 Constructional Details
22
II

2.5 TYPES OF GENERATORS

2.5.1Separately Excited DC Generator
2.5.2 Self-excited DC Generators:
2.5.2.1Series Wound Generator:
2.5.2.2Shunt Wound DC Generators:
2.5.2.3 Compound Wound DC Generator:
2.5.2.3.1Short Shunt Compound Wound DC Generator:

25- 29

2.5.2.3.2 Long Shunt Compound Wound DC Generator:

2.6 EMF equation of DC generator
2.7 LOSSES IN DC GENERATORS

II

2.8 CHARACTERISTICS OF DC GENERATOR

2.8.1 Magnetization Characteristics
2.8.2 Load Characteristics:
2.8.2.1Internal Characteristics:
2.8.2.2External Characteristics:
DC MOTOR
2.9 construction
2.10 working principle

29
31-36

37
38

2.11 Back EMF

39

2.12 TORQUE EQUATION:

39

2.13 TYPES OF DC MOTORS:

42-43
2.14 Characteristics of DC motor
43
2.15 Characterictics of DC compound motor
45
2.16 Applications of DC motors
45

2.17 NECESSITY OF STARTER FOR DC MOTOR:

2.18EFFICIENCY OF THE MOTOR
2.19 EFFICIENCY OF THE GENERATOR

45
47
47

2.20 SPEED CONTROL OF SHUNT MOTOR

2.20.1WARD LEONARD CONTROL SYSTEM

48-49

UNIT_III A C MACHINES
3.1working
Principle
Induction Motor

Of

3-Phase

3.2 slip of induction motor

50
50

3.3 TORQUE-SLIP CHARACTERISTICS

50

III
3.4 SPEED CONTROL OF THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

53

3.5 STATOR SIDE CONTROL

54
3.6 ROTOR SIDE CONTROL
58
3.7 KRAMER SYSTEM:
62
3.8 Single-Phase Induction Motors
3.9 Making Single-Phase Induction Motor Self-Starting
3.10 Split-Phase Induction Motor

63
63

64
3.11 Capacitor-Start Motor
3.12 Capacitor-Start Capacitor-Run Motor
3.13 Shaded-Pole Motor
3.14 Electrical Braking of an Induction Motor

66
66
67
69

UNIT_IV SPECIAL MACHINES

4.1 Introduction

IV

4.2 Types of Single-Phase Motors

4.3SERVO MOTOR
4.3.1Servo Mechanism
4.4TYPES OF SERVO MOTOR
4.4.1 D.C SERVOMOTOR
4.4.2A.C SERVOMOTOR
4.5 A.C. SERIES MOTOR OR UNIVERSAL MOTOR

IV

4.6 UNEXCITED SYNCHRONOUS SINGLE PHASE MOTOR (OR)

SINGLE-PHASE SYNCHRONOUS Motors
4.7 STEPPER MOTORS

70
70
70
71-73

74
75
77

4.8 VARIABLE RELUCTANCE (VR) STEPPER MOTOR

79
4.9 Permanent Magnet Stepper Motor

89

4.10 Comparison between VR and PM stepper motor

91
4.11 Linear Induction Motor
92
UNIT V UTILIZATION
5.1 Wiring Materials And Accessories
94
5.2 Laws Of Illumination Or Luminance
96
5.3 Types Of Electric Lamps
97
V

5.4 Arc Lamps

99
5.5 DISCHARGE LAMPS
100
5.6 Sodium Vapour Lamp
100
5.7 High Pressure Mercury Vapour Lamp
101
5.8 Electroplating
102
5.9 Electric Traction
102

5.10 Air Conditioning Syste

5.11 Earthing
5.12 PHOTOMETRY

104
108
109