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240

20

240

20

400

20

150

200

20

400

20

600

Room 02
ceramic tiles

Room 04

Room 01

ceramic tiles

ceramic tiles

400

ceramic tiles

20

20

400

Room 03

400
20

ceramic tiles

ceramic tiles

Room 02
ceramic tiles

open to sky
courtyard

open to sky
courtyard

20

1,210

3 ROOM
HEALTH POST

Room 03

400

2.0m wide covered verandah

ce ramic til es

4 ROOM
MCH /
HEALTH CENTRE

Room 01

200

200

150

20

ceramic tiles

400

200

2.0m wide covered verandah

2.0m wide covered verandah

open to sky
paved walkway

precast co ncrete p aving s

1,240

Room 03
ceramic tiles

Room 02
ceramic tiles

Room 01

400

3 ROOM
MODULAR
HEALTH
FACILITY

ceramic tiles

20

400

20

20

ce ramic til es

open to sky
courtyard

20

Report 12

20

20

20

420

420

420

620

CONSTRUCTION
GUIDELINES FOR
HEALTH FACILITIES
SOMALIA

Authors:
Austen Davis
Moyiz Ebrahimjee (Architect)
Ali El-Amine (Engineer)
Joseph Aduda (Architectural Assistant)

This document was written by and produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views
expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union.

Contents
Acronyms...................................................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER 1: Introduction....................................................................................................5
CHAPTER 2: The Modular Health Centre.........................................................................7

2.1
2.2

Health Centre: Floor Plan.................................................................................................................... 7


Health Centre: Elevation..................................................................................................................... 8

CHAPTER 3: The Primary Health Unit (PHU) or Health Post.........................................9



3.1 The PHU: Floor Plan............................................................................................................................ 9


3.2 The PHU: Elevation............................................................................................................................. 10

CHAPTER 4: The Health Centre - OPD.................................................................................11





4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4

The OPD Block: Floor Plan.................................................................................................................. 11


The OPD Block: Elevation................................................................................................................... 12
The Maternity: Floor Plan.................................................................................................................... 13
The Maternity: Elevation..................................................................................................................... 14

CHAPTER 5: The Health Centre IPD..................................................................................15



5.1
5.2

The IPD: Floor Plan............................................................................................................................. 15


The IPD: Elevation.............................................................................................................................. 16

CHAPTER 6: Shower Block...................................................................................................17



6.1
6.2

Shower Block: Floor Plan.................................................................................................................... 17


Shower Block: Elevation..................................................................................................................... 18

CHAPTER 7: Toilet Block......................................................................................................19





7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4

Toilet Block: Floor Plan........................................................................................................................ 19


Toilet Block: Elevation......................................................................................................................... 20
Latrine (Pit) Block: Floor Plan.............................................................................................................. 20
Latrine (Pit) Block: Elevation............................................................................................................... 21

CHAPTER 8: Waste Disposal................................................................................................22



8.1
8.2

Incinerator: Floor Plan......................................................................................................................... 22


Incinerator: Elevation.......................................................................................................................... 23

Annex (diskette) Bill of Quantities and detailed drawings

Acronyms
ANC
BoQ
EPHS
HC
HP
IPD
JNA
MCH
MoH
NEZ
NGO
NWZ
OPD
PHU
RHC
SCZ
UN
UNICEF
UNOPs

Ante Natal Care


Bill of Quantities
Essential Package of Health Services
Health Centre
Health Post
In-Patient Department
Joint Needs Assessment
Maternal and Child Health Clinic
Ministry of Health
North East Zone
Non Governmental Organization
North West Zone
Out-Patient Department
Primary Health Unit
Referral Health Centre
South Central Zone
United Nations
United Nations Childrens Fund
United Nations Organization for Project Services

Introduction

The Somali health sector has been characterized


as under-funded, fragmented and ineffective.
Government, UN, NGO and community providers
struggle to provide services with limited and
unpredictable inputs and a lack of centralized and
strategically directed financing or direction/policy.
In the South Central zone, NGOs and local community
organizations typically run health facilities broadly in line
with three tiers of service provision. In the 2 Northern
zones government is also a main provider of primary
health care services.
Health posts (HPs) are the lowest tier of service
provider: They typically consist of one or two semitrained staff without formal salaries or supervision
operating out of a 1 -2 room facility or a local house or
shop (no formal facility).
Maternal and Child Health Centers (MCHs) are
the inter-mediate tier of service provider: they are
highly variable. They have from 1 12 staff some
with professional nurses and midwives, others with
no professional higher than an auxiliary (especially in
rural areas). The range and quality of services varies
enormously with some MCHs seeing 3,000 patients a
month and others seeing less than 50!
Hospitals are the highest tier of service provision: they
are also highly variable with 10 hundreds of staff
and most with a medical doctor and some professional
nurses or midwives. However, even hospitals lack

professional staff and especially the diversity of


technical staff necessary to run a full hospital service.
With the extreme diversity of facilities and the variability
in range of services extent of support and type of
support offered (UN agency, NGO, government) it is no
wonder there is little uniformity in the quality and range
of services offered between facilities and within a tier
of service level.
Recognizing the extremely dilapidated state of much
of the Somali health infrastructure, The Joint Needs
Assessment (JNA) for Somalia determined the need
for the development of standardized blueprints for
health facilities as an important technical task to allow
a move towards the standardization of services offered
within a particular tier of service delivery. Standard
building guidelines also offer the potential for costing
construction and infrastructure elements of health
system development and therefore are an important
component of planning for a future health system.
In a workshop in 2007, representatives from the health
sector came together and agreed to try and establish
operating norms and standards for what levels of care
each tier should follow. The UNICEF health systems
strengthening programme developed a process of
extensive consultation and review and eventually
produced an Essential Package of Health Services
(EPHS).

The EPHS defines the range of services (and therefore


supplies and staff competencies) necessary to offer at
each tier level. Projecting from the range of services
and staff required, it is possible to define the level of
facility needed to house each tier of service provision.
Previous Tiers of Service
Health Post (HP)
Maternal and Child Health Centre (MCH)
District Hospital
Regional Hospital
Referral Hospital

The new names of EPHS facilities have been


changed to disconnect levels of service provision from
political administrative boundaries/unit names (districts/
regions) so that facilities can be planned for according
to need and not political calculus. And to highlight
the need for real change as in each case, significant
changes in focus are prescribed for each tier of service.
This cannot be created piecemeal and is essential
to start generating real performance and returns on
investment I the health sector.
This report presents concepts for standard health
facility design at each tier of service. The design
concept is modular. In consultation with health
authorities we agreed a basic PHU/HP. The PHU
building is used as part of the MCH/Health Centre and
this HC facility is used as part of a referral centre etc.
so that any building can be upgraded to a higher tier of
service and to keep overall construction costs and the
types of buildings required as simple (and cheap) as
possible.
All buildings have been designed to use simple but high
quality building techniques with simple roof structures
and external corridors etc.
While all designs are simple relatively cheap and
locally appropriate, it is not expected that all facilities

This also means we can develop standard blueprints


for health facilities at each level. The EPHS defines a
standard:

Standardized EPHS Tiers of Service


Primary Health Unit (PHU)
Health centre (HC)
Referral Health Centre
Hospital

will follow specifications to the letter. All facility


blueprints need to be adapted to the site and conditions
of the site at hand rural MCHs may have to be
constructed on relatively small sites. Rural facilities
will need to take into consideration soils, water supply,
drainage and ventilation. However basic designs,
floor layout plans and indicative Bills of Quantities are
developed for each structure and these BoQs can be
modified to allow adaptation to the local site and needs.
Furthermore, innovations are encouraged (for example
in areas where there is more regular rainfall throughout
the year, constructors may wish to include submerged
tanks to collect roof run-off). Lastly these plans can
be developed over time as experience grows with
construction and planning.
This report presents basic floor plans and elevations
however there are a large range of detailed drawings
to guide constructors that should be printed out on A3.
In addition there are BoQs that can easily be adapted
to promote professional construction in any setting
adapted to the local constructions challenges (soil
type, drainage, water availability, ventilation, coastal/inland). The detailed booklets for each building type are
available on diskette or through the health coordination
bodies and at MoH offices.

The Modular Health Centre


The modular Health Centre is depicted in the 2 drawings that follow


PINK = HEALTH POST/PRIMARY HEALTH UNIT
PINK + GREEN = BASIC OPD
PINK + GREEN + BLUE = OPD + maternity services
PINK + GREEN + BLUE + YELLOW = FULL HC OPD/IPD

2.1 Health Centre: Floor Plan


Proposed sketch layout for a
full scale MCH master plan
with 8 bed Inpatient ward
240

20

240

20

400

20

150

200

20

400

20

600

20

600

20

Room 04

Room 01

ceramic tiles

ceramic tiles

REFERAL HEALTH
CENTRE
600

20

200

20

180

20

TOILET BLOCK
240

20

ce ramic til es

400

400

8bed inpatient ward

480

240
20

ceramic tiles

ceramic tiles

open to sky
courtyard

open to sky walkway

ceramic ti les

310

150
200

200

20

open to sky
paved walkway

precast co ncrete p aving s

1,240

420

420

FURTURE
DEVELOPMENT

ceramic tiles

420

420

SHOWER
BLOCK

400

Room 01

20

ceramic tiles

gents

ce ramic til es

620

20

Room 02

ladies

ce ramic til es

310

20

ceramic tiles

dhobi
sinks

staff room

ceramic ti les

shwr

320

20

Room 01

staff room

shwr

pre ca st concrete pa vi ngs

open to sky
courtyard

20

400

ceramic tiles

200

Room 02

410

WC

ce ramic til es

Room 03

WC

whb

ladies

2.0m wide covered verandah

3 ROOM
MODULAR
HEALTH
FACILITY

WC

whb

ce ramic til es

open to sky
courtyard
4 ROOM
MCH /
HEALTH CENTRE

cess
pool

WC

gents

ce ramic til es

ceramic tiles

400

1,210

3 ROOM
HEALTH POST

Room 03

400

ce ramic til es

2.0m wide covered verandah

200

2.0m wide covered verandah

620

620

280

ceramic tiles

240

Room 02

410

ceramic tiles

400

Room 03

20

400

20

20

20

septic
tank

2.2 Health Centre: Elevation


3 ROOM
HEALTH POST
3 ROOM
MODULAR HEALTH
FACILITY

4 ROOM
MCH / HEALTH CENTRE
REFERAL HEALTH
CENTRE

TOILET
BLOCK

Perspective View
from rear side

FUTURE
DEVELOPMENT

REFERAL HEALTH
CENTRE

SHOWER
BLOCK

TOILET
BLOCK

SHOWER
BLOCK

4 ROOM
MCH / HEALTH CENTRE
FUTURE
DEVELOPMENT

3 ROOM
HEALTH POST

3 ROOM
MODULAR HEALTH
FACILITY

Perspective View
from front Courtyard

The Primary Health Unit


(PHU) or Health Post

Centre and will then serve as one wing of the U-shaped


compound. The building is envisaged to have the
central room as main stores and the end room (left)
as another temporary store with dispensing window
to serve as a dispensary. The end room to the right
would be the lab and is well lit with maximum number
of windows.

Indicative Construction Cost (see BoQs): 14,500 USD


The PHU is the lowest tier of service provision. The
building is produced as a single block with a simple
A-frame roof and covered external passage. The block
has 3 rooms which can be used inter-changeably. One
room is designed to serve as a store and will have
no windows (most likely the middle room with less
external walls for lighting.
This building is to be incorporated into a full health

PINK = HEALTH POST/PRIMARY


HEALTH UNIT

3.1 The PHU: Floor Plan


A

02

960

step up

beam above

60

90

170

90

Covered verandah
cera mi c tile s

beam above
step up

80

150

+0.15

145

60

beam above
step up

20

240

20

240

20

400

20

20

240

20

240

20

400

20

260

260

420
960

01

Ground Floor Plan scale 1:100

04

640

+0.30

420

150

cera mi c til es

125

90

60x60x5cm
precast concrete
paving slabs
laid to falls

Consultation
Room

100

145
180

100mm dia
PVC RWP

130

beam above
step up

20

180

180
20

20

200

20

20

125

145

150

2
200

90

+0.30

125

400

210

Store

ce ramic til es

cera mi c til es

150

440

400

420

60

640

03

40

20

Consultation
Room

100

100mm dia
PVC RWP

145

180

40

20

150

180

70

245

20

100

100

400

20

70

130

20

125

100

420

240

beam above
step up

90

20

5cm thick conc shelves

20

260

240

145

20

150

260

100mm dia
PVC RWP

0.00

100mm dia
PVC RWP

10

60x60x5cm precast
conc. paving slabs laid
to falls

GI corrugated roofing sheets


15 o degrees roof pitch

3.2 The PHU: Elevation

Perspective View

The Health Centre - OPD

Indicative Construction Cost (see BoQs): 22,000 USD


In upgrading a PHU to an MCH OPD it is envisaged there is a need to add 2 blocks
GREEN Main Consultation Block
BLUE Maternal and Reproductive Health Block

4.1 The OPD Block: Floor Plan


The OPD block has 4 standard rooms and a covered external passage. All rooms are designed to be used for
consultation. The PHU building is now converted for use as a laboratory and medical store with dispensary.

02

640

150

60x60x5cm
precast concrete
paving slabs
laid to falls

80

20

145

420

300
+0.3 0
(g round floo r l evel)
0.0 0
(g round l evel)

150

420

GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch
hw timber fascia board
painted
sliding aluminium
window to schedule
textured paint finish to
external plastered walls

elevation 01 scale 1:100

+0.30

1,700

400

20

270

60
60

ceramic tiles

200

30

150

ceramic tiles

400

Room 03

Covered verandah

420

150

20

20

270

20 90

step up

+0.30

90

step up

pitch = 15.0 deg.

80

step up
beam above

150

ceramic tiles

420

Room 02

400

150

04

30X30cm box frame with


steel wire mesh for
ventilation of the roof

80

step up
beam above

400

0.00

20

1,700

20
420

30X30cm box frame with


steel wire mesh for
ventilation of the roof

+3.3 0
(ri ng bea m le ve l)

Room 04

03

400

125

400

150

ceramic tiles

+0.15

20

20
420

400

400

125

150

20

60

20

step up
beam above

420

180

400

400

20

beam above

20
145

47

400
145

80

20

180

130

180

20

90

20

100mm dia
PVC RWP

420

98

200

20
20

180

20

145

180

150

20

400

200

145

20

420
640

01

Ground Floor Plan scale 1:100

11

line of roof overhang


above

C
420

0.0 0
(g round l evel)

GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch

80

47

98

+0.3 0
(g round floo r l evel)

B
200

hw timber fascia board


painted

130

125

sliding aluminium
window to schedule

90

150

30

125

145

60

150

+0.30

beam above

20

20

100mm dia
PVC RWP

20

300

ceramic tiles

180

150

Room 01

420

80

+3.3 0
(ri ng bea m le ve l)

400

step up
step up
beam above

+0.15

20

270

pitch = 15.0 deg.

90 20

20
400

420

400

20

20 90

step up

+0.30

textured paint finish to


external plastered walls

elevation 02 scale 1:100

12

GI corrugated roofing sheets


15 o degrees roof pitch

Perspective View

4.2 The OPD Block: Elevation

60x60x5cm precast
conc. paving slabs laid
to falls

4.3 The Maternity: Floor Plan


Indicative Construction Cost (see BoQs): 18,000 USD
The maternity block is designed to house an observation room and a delivery room. The third room (not interconnecting can be used inter-changeably (i.e. for ANC services).
This block can also be used to house a surgical theatre.

400

20

400

20

400

20

400

20

400

20

beam above

step up
beam above

Covered verandah

+0.15

+0.15

cera mi c tile s

60

150

80

90
step up

100

150

80

90
step up

60

90
step up

80

150

60

20

20

step up
beam above

60x60x5cm
precast concrete
paving slabs
laid to falls

20

125

150

125

110

125

420

150

04

+0.30
20

125

150

125

20

20

150

ceramic tile s

+0.30

+0.30
125

Room 01

ceramic tile s

400

Room 02

ceramic tile s

100mm dia
PVC RWP

145

20

150

400

270

20

420

150

400

270

20

420

150

400

100mm dia
PVC RWP

145

20

420

1,280

01

Ground Floor Plan scale 1:100

13

line of roof
overhang below

145

Room 03

400

440

420

290

640

640

145

20

180

200

180

03

20

step up
beam above

420

20

200

0.00

20

420

400

beam above

100mm dia
PVC RWP

20

420

20

1,280

20

02

180

180

14

GI corrugated roofing sheets


15o degrees roof pitch

4.4 The Maternity: Elevation.

Perspective View

60x60x5cm precast
conc. paving slabs laid
to falls

The Health Centre IPD

Indicative Construction Cost (see BoQs): 21,000 USD


The ward is to be added to all Health Centres or MCHs
to allow them to offer Basic Emergency Obstetric Care
and minimal in-patient services (depending on a full
compliment of professional staff).

More wards can be added to the HC as it grows or as


it is upgraded to a Referral Health Centre (RHC) (see
expansion plans 2.1, 2.2).
YELLOW = HEALTH CENTRE/IPD

The ward is generic it has room for 6 beds, a staff room


and a storage room or isolation room.

5.1 The IPD: Floor Plan


A

02

640
620
60x60x5cm
precast concrete
paving slabs
laid to falls

20
245

140

120

120

20

140

20

150

A
+3.3 0
(ri ng bea m le vel)

310

310

B
GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch

47

600
245

98

20
100mm dia
PVC RWP

hw timber fascia board


painted

300

150

410

150

150

150

1,200

255

0.0 0
(g round l evel)

elevation 01 scale 1:100

400

255

8bed inpatient ward

150

255
150

150

400

03

1,200

255

textured paint finish to


external plastered walls

+0.3 0
(g round flo or l evel)

+0.30

30

150

410

600

ce ramic til es

325

325

325

325

1,560

1,560

04

3
B

100mm dia
PVC RWP

20

310

290

320

310
01

Ground Floor Plan scale 1:100

15

98
300

sliding aluminium
window to schedule

+0.3 0
(g round flo or l evel)

textured paint finish to


external plastered walls

0.0 0
(g round l evel)

30
100mm dia
PVC RWP

20

640

47

180

+0.00

20
115
95

20

75

290

+0.30

75

20

GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch
hw timber fascia board
painted

20

95

150

ceramic tiles

+3.3 0
(ri ng bea m le vel)

300

180

staff room

ceramic ti les

+0.30

step up

20

150

staff room

150

75

75

180

step up

20

+0.00

150

320

300

20

115

180

410

410

620

elevation 02 scale 1:100

5.2 The IPD: Elevation


5

15.0 deg.

400

410

320

GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch

98

+3.3 0
(ri ng bea m le vel)

410

hw timber fascia board


painted
sliding aluminium
window to schedule

300

+0.3 0
(g round flo or l evel)

textured paint finish to


external plastered walls

0.0 0
(g round l evel)

elevation 03 scale 1:100


5

+3.3 0
(ri ng bea m le vel)

4
320

3
410

2
400

1
410

GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch

98

15.0 deg.

hw timber fascia board


painted
sliding aluminium
window to schedule

300

+0.3 0
(g round flo or l evel)

textured paint finish to


external plastered walls

0.0 0
(g round l evel)

elevation 04 scale 1:100


GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch

sliding aluminium
window to schedule

Side / Front Perspective

16

Front / Rear Perspective

60x60x5cm precast
conc. paving slabs laid
to falls

Shower Block

Indicative Construction Cost (see BoQs): 7,000 USD


The shower block is a wash place for people, clothes etc intended for all facilities with an in-patient capacity.

6.1 Shower Block: Floor Plan


A
A

02

300

dhobi
sinks
60

20

60

120

dhobi
sinks
60

20

140

60

120

60

20

180

line of roof overhang


above

17

240

90
B

140

140

+2.7 0
(ri ng bea m le vel)

GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch
aluminium windows
to schedule

+0.3 0
(g round flo or l evel)

textured paint finish to


external plastered walls

0.0 0
(g round l evel)

Ground Floor Plan (Shower Block)


scale 1:100

dhobi sinks

300

textured paint finish to


external plastered walls

04

140

01

GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch

elevation 01 scale 1:100


400

20

30

30

90

90

whb

0.0 0
(g round l evel)

200

20

+0.15

whb

+0.3 0
(g round flo or l evel)

ce ramic til es

+0.15

aluminium windows
to schedule

60x60x5cm
precast concrete
paving slabs
laid to falls

280

0.00

280

200

20
160

50

gents

ladies

20

60

20

sh wr

ce ramic til es

180

80

sh wr

400

03

180

20

60

120

20

50

10cm dia
PVC RWP

20

120

160

20

140

+2.7 0
(ri ng bea m le vel)

140

180

140

140

240

elevation 02 scale 1:100

6.2 Shower Block: Elevation


GI corrugated roofing
sheets 15 o degrees
roof pitch

aluminium windows
to schedule
textured paint finish to
external plastered walls
dhobi sinks

60x60x5cm
precast concrete
paving slabs laid to falls

18

step

gents front side


perspective

Toilet Block

The toilet block should be seriously considered for all


levels of facility (even PHUs). The numbers of toilet
blocks will necessarily rise or fall depending on patient
volumes and IPD facilities/volumes.

In this report we have detailed a toilet block served by


running water and septic tank (toilet block) and a more
simple option for pit latrines draining into a pit.

7.1 Toilet Block: Floor Plan


Indicative Construction Cost (see BoQs): 16,500 USD
A

03

20

90
35

90

45

60

90

50

60

15

90

45

60

whb

whb

elevation 02

scale 1:100

430

GI corrugated
roofing sheets
460

80

0.00

460

ce ramic til es

0.00

elevation 01 scale 1:100


02

gents

ce ramic til es

-0.300
(g round l evel)

240

WC

ladies

lobby

step up

step up

-0 .1 5

-0 .1 5

lobby

30

20

20

-0 .3 0

60X60cm precast
paving slabs

30

450

20

195

30

20

195

20

-0 .3 0

aluminium windows
to schedule
+0.0 00
(g rond floo r le vel)

Ground Floor Plan


(toilet block)

19

-0.300
(g round l evel)

450
01

+2.7 00
(ri ng bea m le vel)

80

step up

100

WC

60

15 160 20

WC

460

+0.0 00
(g rond floo r le vel)

step up

480

WC

15

150

04

door to sche dul e

textured paint finish to


external plastered walls

20
35

30

20X20cm RC
columns

60

20

+2.7 00
(ri ng bea m le vel)

430
15

B
430

scale 1:100

elevation 03 scale 1:100

elevation 04

scale 1:100

7.2 Toilet Block: Elevation

Front Side Perspective


of Toliet Block

Rear Side Perspective


of Toliet Block

7.3 Latrine (Pit) Block: Floor Plan


Indicative Construction Cost (see BoQs): 8,000 USD
A

60

90

50

60

15

90

45

60

20

ladies

gents

02

70
slope

slope

60X60cm precast
paving slabs

20

195

20

195

20

430
450
01

Ground Floor Plan


(latrine block) scale 1:100

20

60

70

2
-0 .3 0

textured p aint fi nish to


exte rn al pla ste red wall s
door to sch edul e

-0.30 0
(g round l evel)

elevation 01 scale 1:100

ce ramic til es
-0 .1 5

334

234

latrine

314

latrine

80

234

-0.30

15 160 20

314

latrine

ce ramic til es
-0 .1 5

80

120
20

latrine

20

04

+0.0 00
(g round flo or l evel)

sl ope of gutte r

open ing wi th
mo squito gau ze

textured p aint fi nish to


exte rn al pla ste red wall s

15cm wide PVC


rain water gutters

100mm dia
PVC RWP

35

240

90

45

30

GI corrugated roofing
sheets 10 o degrees
roof pitch

building line below

Roof Plan showing


slopes (latrine block) scale 1:100

elevation 02
1

A
430

scale 1:100

2
314
15cm dia.metal
vent pipe

+2.7 00
(ri ng bea m le vel)

te xture d pain t finish to


externa l p lastered wa lls

aluminium windows
to schedule
+0.0 00
(g round flo or l evel)

240

15

450

2
314
15cm dia.metal
vent pipe

+2.7 00
(ri ng bea m le vel)

430
30

60

60

B
430

240

90
35

450
430
20

314

A
edge of underground
pit walls
20

03

do or to sched ule

-0.30 0
(g round l evel)

elevation 03 scale 1:100

elevation 04

scale 1:100

7.4 Latrine (Pit) Block: Elevation


15cm dia.metal
vent pipe
GI corrugated roofing
sheets 10 o degrees
roof pitch

removabe slab
for pit emptying
60X60cm precast
paving slabs

step

Front Side Perspective


of Latrine Block
GI corrugated roofing
sheets 10 o degrees
roof pitch

15cm dia.metal
vent pipe

window to
schedule

handle

door to schedule

removabe slab
for pit emptying

step

60X60cm precast
paving slabs

21

handle

Rear Side Perspective


of Latrine Block

Waste Disposal

Indicative Construction Cost (see BoQs): 700 USD


Medical waste is a serious issue. During construction
of any level of facility plans must be made for medical
waste disposal. For larger facilities producing large
quantities of dangerous medical waste an incinerator
is highly recommended despite the additional costs of
construction.

All facilities will need a waste pit to burry medical waste


and this pit should not be open to the public/playing
children.

8.1 Incinerator: Floor Plan


flue and secondary
combustion chamber
187
26

25

92

25

17

13

47

36

51

12

76

76

primary
combustion chamber

100

170x250mm RC lintel to
support bricks above

200

22

11

primary
combustion chamber

150x230mm RC lintel to
support bricks above

12
110mm wide fire clay brick wall
for the main body of incinerator

11 1 11

11 1 11

26

110mm wide outer fire clay


brick wall of the incinerator

54

3mm thick MS plate ash door on


30x30x3mm MS angle frame,
oil painted to approval.

1 11

1
11 11 13

54

76

25

Floor Plan at 01 scale 1:25

fire clay bricks as


the base for the incinerator
3mm thick MS plate
box tunnel

15
11

100

54
1 11
11

200

11

110mm wide outer fire clay


brick wall of the incinerator

100

12 11 13

flue and secondary


combustion chamber
187
23
92

1 11

91

11

23

12

26

11

1 11

110mm wide outer fire clay


brick wall of the incinerator

13

15

11 1 11

11

175

loading door of 3mm MS plate


welded on 30x30x3mm MS
angle frame, oil painted.

Floor Plan at 04 scale 1:25

Floor Plan at 02 scale 1:25


12

MS hinges to site
Engineer's approval

187

110mm wide fire clay brick wall


for the main body of incinerator

200

Floor Plan at 03 scale 1:25

11

11

12

12

65
12

65
1

100

11

36

12

1 11

12

11

11

3mm thick MS plate cover with


114mm dia, 3mm thick MS pipe
welded on 30x30x3mm MS angle
frame to house the chimney

110mm wide outer fire clay


brick wall of the incinerator

110mm wide fire clay brick wall


for the main body of incinerator

8.2 Incinerator: Elevation


40x100x5mm MS channel
section as the top frame

150mm dia,3mm thick MS


pipe chimney welded onto
the chimney base plate

110mm wide outer fire clay


brick wall of the incinerator

16
5
17
33

3mm thick MS plate ash door on


30x30x3mm MS angle frame,
oil painted to approval.

fire clay bricks as


the base for the incinerator

typical side elevation

150x230mm RC lintel to
support bricks above

17

3mm thick MS plate ash door on


30x30x3mm MS angle frame,
oil painted to approval.

33

114

51

51

51
114

17

loading door of 3mm


MS plate welded on
30x30x3mm MS angle
frame, oil painted to approval.

+0.000
(flo or l evel)

16

5
+0.075
(i ncine rator b ase level )

33

+0.410
(4 course brick leve l)

110mm wide outer fire clay


brick wall of the incinerator

+0.580
(2 course brick leve l)

4m height

loading door of 3mm


MS plate welded on
30x30x3mm MS angle
frame, oil painted to approval.

16

+1.300
(i ncine rator top le vel)
+1.090
(6 course brick leve l)

150mm dia,3mm thick MS


pipe chimney welded onto
the chimney base plate

loading door handle

rear elevation

scale 1:25

scale 1:25

fire clay bricks as


the base for the incinerator

front elevation
scale 1:25

More detailed and scaled drawings are available with BoQs on the attached diskette. Drawings should be printed
on A3 format paper
chimney rain cap

the gaps between the brick joints


as well as the gap between the
inner wall and the outer wall
can be filled with refactory cement

2 coats of anti-rust paint


to inhibit corrosion to all
the mild steel surfaces

2 coats of anti-rust paint


to inhibit corrosion to all
the mild steel surfaces

Completed Incinerator

23

28

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