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Fundamentals of Oil & Gas Business V1
Assignment: A
Write short notes on any five of the following:
1.
Crude Oil and Natural Gas
2. History of Oil & Gas Industry
3. Types of drilling
4. Production configuration for Gas-Field
5. Product specifications for products to be refined in a refinery.
6. What is the crude oil? What are the various products made from crude oil?
7. Draw a block diagram showing the flow of gas and its components from a gas fi
eld offshore to further processing and generation of ethylene based petrochemica
ls.
8. What is natural gas? Describe the physical and chemical properties of natural
gas. Fundamentals of Oil & Gas Business
Assignment: B
Read the cases Pipeline Management Solutions and answer the following questions:
Pipeline Management Solutions
A. European Network Model - Gas Flow Modelling
Year : 2006
Customer : Confidential: European Energy Company
Benefits : European Gas transmission network model across 5 countries
Issue:
To understand how gas moves across Europe and what identify what physical bottle
necks could affect the potential flows of gas under different supply/demand/stor
age scenarios
Methodology & Results:
The SynerGEE network modelling tool was successfully used to develop an integrat
ed model of 5 European countries gas networks using proprietary and public domai
n data.
Benefits:
Several scenarios were investigated by the client with the intention of using th
e network model in conjunction with in-house economic modelling tools to support
strategic decision making. The model allowed the user to assess whether capacit
y existed for transit of gas across Europe and whether there were any physical b
arriers to gas transportation. This information when added to commercial pricing
information allowed the client to develop a deeper insight into third party tra
nsportation, storage and shipper statements.
B. Hydraulic Study of the Master Gas System Expansion
Date : 2007
Customer : Saudi Aramco
Savings: Increase Capacity of the Master Gas Pipeline System
Issue:
GL conducted a hydraulic analysis study on the expanded Master Gas pipeline Syst
em (MGS). The expanded MGS should deliver the increased contracted flow rates of
sales gas to Saudi Aramco customers in Business Plan 2007-2013. In addition, th
e MGS must sustain delivery pressures and flow rates for 8 hours of survival tim
e, after the shutdown of Hawiyah Gas Plant (HGP).
Methodology & Results:
Stoner Pipeline Simulator (SPS) was used to perform the hydraulic and transient
analysis. The study identified bottle necks, added mainline pipes, upgraded cont
rol valves, and sized metering and filtration equipments to increase the capacit
y of the pipeline system. Transient analysis was conducted for survival time cal

culations.
Temperature sensitivity cases were conducted for 70 F (winter), 90 F, and 100 F.
Savings:
The hydraulic analysis identified the optimum pipelines sizes, and added pipelin
e loops to avoid bottlenecks. The study provided the optimum control equipment s
ize, and provided basis for filtration and metering stations design.
Questions:
1. What is the issue of European Network Model - Gas Flow Modelling?
2. What is the methodology used to resolve the issue of European Network Model Gas Flow Modelling?
3. What is the issue of hydraulic study of the Master Gas System Expansion?
4. What is the methodology used to resolve the issue of Hydraulic Study of the M
aster Gas System
Expansion?
5. What are the benefits of SynerGEE network modelling tool?

Assignment: C
1. The history of oil traces back to seepages of oil as early as ------- B.C.
a. 3000
b. 2000
c. 1500
d. 4000
2.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Oil business has been responsible for prosperity, war, intrigues and adventur
Prosperity
war
Intrigues
All the above

3. More than ------- percent of the energy needed in the world is provided by oi
l and gas.
a. 80
b. 60
c. 65
d. 72
4. It is important to understand the trend and future of the industry in terms o
f -------.
a. Technology
b. Economics
c. Pricing
d. All of these
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Petroleum is a word derived from the ------- words Petra and Oleum.
French
Latin
German
American

6. The most accepted theory for the occurance of hydrocarbons is

a. Petroleum theory
b. Inorganic theory

c. Organic theory
d. Fundamental theory
7. Which among the following are the combinations of carbon and hydrogen atoms?
a. Methane
b. Wax
c. Ethane
d. All the above
8. The solid and semi-solid forms of petroleum are called
a. Asphalt and Tar
b. Tar and Asphalt
c. Tar and coal
d. None of the above
9. The surface on earth below the reservoir is called
a. Oilfield
b. gas field
c. Condensate field
d. None of the above
10. To produce ------- from the reservoir, wells are drilled through the surface
of the earth.
a. Oil
b. Gas
c. Liquid
d. Petrol
11. The fluid that comes out of the well in an oilfield or gas field is called
a. Well fluid
b. Reservoir
c. Petrol
d. Any of the above
12. Which among the following is recovered from underground reservoirs, normally
5000 meters down the earth.
1000
a. Petrol
b. Crude Oil
c. Well fluid
d. Carbon dioxide
13. One million tons per year of crude is equal to
a. Fifteen thousand barrels per standard day of crude
b. Ten thousand barrels per standard day of crude
c. Twenty thousand barrels per standard day of crude
d. Twenty five thousand barrels per standard day of crude
14. Crude oil is popularly known as:
a. Well fluid
b. Oilfield
c. Petroleum
d. Petro Chemical
15 The hydrocarbons in Natural gas can be ------a. Methane
b. Ethane
c. Propane
d. All of the above
16. LNG is known as.
a. Liquid Nitrogen gas
b. Liquified Nitrogen gas
c. Liquid Neon gas
d. Liquified Neon gas
17. The phase of the hydrocarbon depends on the ------- joined together in a cha
in
a. Number of carbon and hydrogen atoms
b. Number of hydrogen atoms
c. Number of carbon atoms

d. The statement is irrelevant as there are no phases of hydrocarbons

18. The more number of carbon atoms a hydrocarbon molecule has
a. The heavier it is
b . The lighter it is
c. The more number of hydrogen atoms a hydrocarbon molecule has the heavier it i
s
d. None of the above
19. Naphthenes consist of carbon rings, with/without side chains
a. True
b. False
20. Olefins are triple bonded hydrocarbon chains
a. True
b. False
21. Various crude oils are often referred by their ------- Gravity.:
a. American Petroleum Institute
b. Petroleum Institute of America
c. Institure of American Petroleum
d. None of the above
22. Crude oils for which the residue after distillation contains paraffin wax is
called
a. Paraffinic
b. Asphaltic Base
c. Bitumen
b. Crude oil
23. A------- crude is good for diseal production
a. Heavy
b. Medium
c. Naphthenic
d. Light
24. Crude oil has a boiling range of around ------- degree centigrade
a. 200 to 600
b. 400 to 600
c. 40 to 600
d. 40 to 60
25. The natural gas is made mainly of the ------- lightest hydrocarbons
a. Three
b. Four
c. Four
d. Five
26. Egyptian mummies were known to be wrapped in ------- soaked clothing. :
a. Ethylene
b. Asphalt
c. Chlorine
d. Methyle
27. Application of asphalt was also made for the construction of
1. Oil refinery
2. Wells.
3. Pyramids.
4. All of the above
28. In India, the oilfield in Digboi was discovered during the later part of ------ century
a. Eighteenth
b. Nineteenth
c. twenth
d. Twenty first
29. Vinyl chloride is made by reaction of ethane with ------A. Ethylene
B. Methyle
C. Ethane
D. Chlorine

30. Plastic end products like Polythene and PVC are made by polymerization of ------ and vinyl chloride.
a. Ethylene
b. Methyle
c. Ethane
d. Chlorine
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