Professional Documents
Culture Documents
AMERICAN SOCIETY
tNem STORAGT
FOR
^gia^cMS
TESTING MATERIALS
ORQANIZED IN 1898
INCORPORATED IN 1902
A.S.T.M.
STANDARDS
ADOPTED
IN
1922
PUBLISHED BY
AMERICAN SOCIETY
FOR
TESTING MATERIALS
ORGANIZED IN 1898
INCORPORATED IN 1902
A.S.T.M.
STANDARDS
ADOPTED
I.N
1922
PUBLISHED B\
of
Congress by the
Washington.
PREFACE.
This pamphlet contains
ballot of the Society
12
on August
1922.
It
forms the
first
CONTENTS.
STANDARDS ADOPTED BY THE SOCIETY IN
1922,
In the serial designation prefixed to the following titles, the initial letter indicative
of the general classification and the first number are permanent.
The final number
indicates the year of adoption as standard.
B.
Non-Ferrous Metals.
B
B
Pagb
30-22.
39-22.
Nickel
C.
11
23-22.
Standard Methods
C
C
C
Calcined Gj'psum
15
of:
30-22.
18
40-22.
19
41-22.
20
D.
Miscellaneous Materials.
59-22.
Standard Methods
D
D
22
of:
87-22.
93-22.
Means
Wax
of the
Pensky-Martens Closed
Tester
75-22.
28
Sampling Stone, Slag, Gravel, Sand and Stone Block for Use
as Highway Materials, including Some Material Survey
Methods
48-22.
16-22.
36
Standard Definitions
24
42
of:
Terms Relating
to Paint Specifications
(5)
53
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR
B 30-22.
number
30;
the
Proposed as Tentative,
1.
These
1919;
Adopted
in
Amended Form,
known commercially
metal
1922.
for
sand
as red
Material
Cohered,
MANUFACTURE.
II.
TESTS.
than
2.5
the other
cent.
specified in
Section 4
(7)
Sl'lUll'ICATIONS FOR
IxCOT MeTAL.
HkA'-S
Impuritiofl,
Alloy,
Grade
No.
Copper.
percent
Tin,
percent.
Lead,
Zinc,
pT cjnt
percent.
Iroi.
Antimony Aluminum.
cent.
Sulfur.
I'hosphonis.
0.05
87
25
25
none
0.05
85
0.35
25
none
0.05
0.05
83
35
0.25
none
0.05
0.05
77
10
10
0.40
0.35
none
0.05
05
76
16
40
0.25
none
05
0.")
65
33
0.50
0.20
none'
05
02
60
1^"
37
1.00
0.20
none'
05
02
"
1
Maximum.
Sec Appendix.
Permissible
Variations.
maximum, per
4.
The
of the desired
maximum
percentages of impurities
specified
Pbrmissiblb Variations
Pbbcbntagb of Element
Specified.
Specified Value,
Units of Per Cekt.
Not over
Over
Over
Samples for
Chemical
5.
(a)
5 per cent
5 to
1
Ten
(b)
and
50
by the
00
inspector
to
represent 40,000
Analysis.
0.
0.75
by sawing,
and
shall represent
The
saw,
drill,
of
the
Marking.
7.
The
designating
B 45-22
T)
of the
MARKING.
mark
Proceedings,
Am.
(1922).
Serial Designation:
IV.
Inspection
8. (a)
B 30-22.
may
be
made
inspection,
where the ingots are made, or at the point at which they are
received, at the option of the purchaser.
(b) If
made
at the
facilities
to satisfy
and inspection
sarily
shall
these
is
being
All
specifications.
tests
9. If
Claims,
to
fail
to con- Rejection,
4, all
ingots
CLAIMS.
Claims,
and the
be given.
The shipper shall within one week of receipt of such claim,
either agree to satisfy the claim or send a representative to the
purchaser's plant to resample the shipment, as specified in
Section 5. Samples so taken shall be sealed and submitted to
a mutually agreeable umpire, whose determination shall be final.
11. The expense of umpire analysis shall be paid by the
plant,
made
compromise.
In
case
of
rejection
being
in case of
established,
the
both ways
an equivalent
frieight
of
Appendix.
The data
of^these specifications.
the purchaser
the
physical properties
of
specified
Settlement
^^^^'
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04
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR
NICKEL.
Serial Designation:
B 39-22.
number
39;
the final
Proposed as Tentative,
1921;
Adopted,
1922.
(a)
Material
^^^^^^*
Electrolytic
''X'' Shot;
^^A" Shot;
Ingot.
The
malleable alloys.
"X"
Non-Ferrous Alloys
manufacture of anodes.
Ingot, suitable for the manufacture of open-hearth and
for the
electric-
2.
The maker
MANUFACTURE.
of as
uniform
Quality.
quality as possible.
II.
3.
The
TESTS.
ments:
(11)
12
(a)
Electrolytic:
not
less
Sulfur
"
Carbon'
"
"
Iron
"
"
(6)
"AT" Shot:
Sulfur
Carbon
Iron
(c)
"A"
Shot:
Sulfur
Carbon
Iron
(d)
0.10
0.25
Ingot:
free
In
Sampling,
be reasojiably
(a)
Electrolytic}
all
^ The requirement for carbon in electrolytic nickel covers both contained and mechanically
attached carbon from the starting sheet and it should be recognized that while lower values can be
obtained by separating the cathode sheets from the starting sheet and pickling before drilling, this
method of taking the sample is outside of these specifications.
graph
''A'' Shot.
The sample
shall be
13
{b).
Ingot
higot.
whenever possible.
random. In case
nickel shall be
From each
The
one
on the templet
by a
sufiicient
by templet.
In
number of ingots,
III.
6.
All packages
shall
PACKAGES.
of
Packages.
identified.
CLAIAIS.
Claims in writing only shall be considered and must be submitted within 30 days of receipt of material at purchaser's plant, and
with each claim shall be submitted the results of purchaser's tests.
The seller shall be given one week from date of receipt of such claim
to investigate his records and shall then agree either to satisfy the
claim or to send a representative to the purchaser's mill.
(a) Chemical Dejects.
No claims shall be considered unless the
purchaser can submit to seller's representative the minimum sample
of the grade specified in question.
7.
claims,
seller's representative.
Where
Proceedings,
Am.
14
Investigation
of Claims.
9.
The maker's
be submitted
If
all
to a
On
Settlement
The properly
mixed sample
of Claims.
to
in case of
shall
compromise.
STANDARD^ SPECIFICATIONS
FOR
CALCINED GYPSUM.
Serial Designation:
C 23-22.
number
Proposed as Tentative,
Adopted
1919;
in
Amended Form,
1922.
I.
Testing,
Materials.
Calcmed gypsum
2.
tial
is
Definition,
sizes,
following sizes:
mesh
all
it
pass a 14-mesh
sieve.
shall pass
Note.
is
a 100-mesh
sieve.
A tolerance provision of
per cent on
all
sieve determinations
permitted.
Calcined
Section 10,
1
information
is
and
plasticity of calcined
gypsum
available.
^Proceedings,
Am.
(15)
will
Fineness,
16
Time
5. (a)
of Setting.
The time
of set of calcined
gypsum
shall
be suitable for
the purposes intended, and shall conform to the provisions prescribed for such in the
Standard
Specifications for
28)
of the
Gypsum
American Society
(b)
less
Tensile
Strength.
than 200 lb. per sq. in. (14 kg. per sq. cm.).
{b) Calcined gypsum for molding or casting shall have a
tensile strength of not less than 200 lb. per sq. in. (14 kg. per
not
less
sq. cm.).
Compressive
Strength.
Calcined
(a)
7.
gj^sum
shall
than 1000 lb. per sq. in. (70 kg. per sq. cm.).
{b) Calcined gypsum for molding or casting shall have a
compressive strength of not less than 1000 lb. per sq. in. (70 kg.
of not less
Sampling.
8.
At
SAMPLING.
and
less
Laboratory
Samples.
shall
than a
III.
Packing and
Marking.
10.
Calcined
in either
packages or
in bulk.
When
Name
of manufacturer;
Brand;
Description;
Net weight
of package.
1921
When
Book
of
A.S.T.M. Standards.
Serial Designation:
IV.
11.
INSPECTION
Inspection
may
23 - 22.
17
AND REJECTION.
The
inspection.
purchaser shall have free access to the carriers being loaded for
shipment to the purchaser. He shall be afforded all reasonable
facilities for
inspection
shall
be so conducted
Any
upon the
and
to
shall
Rehearing,
number
is
C 30-22.
designation
30;
the
final
Proposed as Tentative,
Formula
for
Voids.
1920;
Percentage of Voids
(Sp.
for
Adopted,
1922.
cement concrete
gr.X62.355)-Wt.
shall
be
100
Sp. gr.X62.355
Apparent Specific
Gravity of the fine aggregate as determined by the Standard
Method of Test for Apparent Specific Gavity of Sand, Stone
and Slag Screenings, and Other Fine Non-Bituminous Highway
Materials (Serial Designation: D 55) of the American Society
2.
The symbol
Weight
of
Water.
Symbol "Wt."
The quantity
62.355
is
by the Standard
Method
of
Materials.^
1
1921
Book
of
A.S.T.M. Standards.
(18)
is
C 40-22.
40;
the
final
number
indicates the year of original adoption as standard, or in the case of revision, the
year of
last revision.
Proposed as Tentative,
1
The
The
concrete.
compounds
Adopted,
an approximate
of injurious organic
1921;
1922.
cement mortar or
furnishing a warning
is
in
that further tests of the sand are necessary before they be used in
concrete.
solution darker
Sample,
the 4|-oz.
12-oz.
Procedure,
mark with
gives a total
volume
of 7 liquid ounces.
sodium hydroxide
of a 3-per-cent
solution.
(19)
color Value,
Is
41 -22.
41;
the final
number
indicates the year of original adoption as standard, or in the case of revision, the
Proposed as Tentative,
Sampling.
1.
1921;
Adopted,
1922.
g.
in inches.
Table
Sieve Opening.
I.
Wire Diameter.
Sieve Number'
or Size in inches.
in.
mm.
in.
mm.
Average
Wire
Ma.ximum
Opening.
Diameter.
Opening
0.0040
0.102
20
40
No. 50
0.0117
0.297
0.0074
188
20
40
No. 30
0.0232
0.59
0.0130
0.33
10
25
No. 16
0.0469
1.19
0.0213
0.54
10
10
No. 8
0.0937
2.38
0.0331
0.84
10
10
10
10
No. 100
0059
0.149
No. 4
0.187
4.76
0.050
1.27
l-in
0.375
9.5
0.092
2.33
10
10
l-in
0.75
19.0
0.135
3.42
10
10
l-in
1.00
25.4
0.162
4 12
10
10
ll-in
1.50
38.0
0.177
4.50
10
10
2-in
2.00
50.8
0.192
4.88
10
10
3-in
3.00
76.0
0.25
6.3
10
10
Sieves No. 100 to No. 4 are based on "Table of Fundamental Data on Standard Specifications for Sieves" issued
S. Bureau of Standards, 1920.
The liberal tolerances will permit the use of certain sieves which do not
exactly correspond to the numbers given in the table.
>
by the U.
(20)
Serial Designation:
2.
The sample
shall
C 41-22.
21
constant weight.
The
be mounted on
3.
(a)
and
shall Sieves,
manner that
will
sifting.
Procedure,
not more than 1 per cent by weight of the sample passes any sieve
during 1 minute.
(b) Each size shall be weighed on a balance or scale which is
sensitive to l/lOOO of the weight of the test sample.
(c)
of the total
sample which
is
finer
{a)
The percentages
be reported to the
If
finer
Report,
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR.
59-22.
number
final
59; the
Proposed as Tentative,
General.
I.
The
1919;
Adopted
Amended Form,
in
1922.
Physical
Properties.
2.
The average
^^^^ ^^
of three tests
on sample blocks
shall con-
^j^^
Percentage of wear
(French coefficient of wear
^^^
Toughness
3.6
11)
Percentage of wear
(French coefficient of wear
"
*'
Toughness
Methods
Testing.
of
(a)
The percentage
Book
of A.S.T.M. Standards.
less
**
1
^ess
5.0
8)
7
/
1921
of
(22)
Serial Designation:
II.
4.
The
59-22.
23
DIMENSIONS.
as to dimensions:
Length on top,
Width on
in
top, in
to 12
3^ to
4f to
Depth, in
III.
4^
5i
DRESSING.
The
(a)
sufficiently
smooth
Dressing,
not exceeding | in. in width at the top, and for 1 in. downward
therefrom, and not exceeding 1 in. in width at any other part of
the joint.
(b)
The wearing
show no depres-
IV.
shall
INSPECTION.
6.
tests
marked on
(b)
be rejected.
1,
4 and 5 shall
inspection,
87-22.
Proposed as Tentative,
I.
Definition.
Adopted,
1922.
DEFINITION.
Wax
The
temperature at
which melted paraffin wax, when allowed to cool under definite specified conditions, first shows a minimum rate of temperature change.
1.
A.S.T.M. Paraffin
Note.
The so-called
Wax
II.
2.
Wax
Melting Point.
Containers.
1921;
Container.
is
Melting Point.
APPARATUS.
(l in.)
may
be marked with
a fining line, 2 in. above the bottom. This test tube shall be closed by
a tightly fitting cork having two openings, one at the center for the
melting point thermometer and the other for a stirrer at one side of
The opening for the stirrer may be fined with glass or
the center.
outside diameter and 100
Air Bath.
(4 in.) long.
It
Water Bath.
water bath cover shall have a slot for introduction of a suitable stirrer
and shall have an opening for the bath thermometer so that the latter
(24)
Serial Designation:
87-22.
25
may
stirrer,
r\
hn ~K
WTTT^
K-|...
Falling
Line;
^
rvi
I-;
V-li
s^
v^
-:.
:1m
jii;
Fig.
!.
izontal plane
when
Wax.
is
in a vertical position.
The
stirrer tJius formed shall be passed through the proper opening in the
test-tube cork and the upper end may then be bent into a shape con-
Thermometer.
thermometer
shall
The
A.S.T.M. Paraffin
Wax
26
IMf.tiiod of
Top
finish:
Plain.
Graduation: All lines, figures and letters to be clean cut and distinct. Scale graduated in 0.2 F. and numbered every 2 F., every full degree line to be longer
than the others.
Special markings: "A.S.T.M. Pfife. M. P." Serial No. and manufacturer's name or
trade mark etched on the stem.
Accuracy: Error at any point on scale shall not exceed one smallest scale division.
Points to be tested for certification:
Bath Thermometer.
7.
Bath thermometer
of
any
PROCEDURE.
III.
Procedure.
An
Direct heat, such as a flame or hot plate, shall not be used and
shall not be held in the melted condition any longer
sample
the wax
than necessary.
The test tube shall be filled with melted wax to a height of 2 in.
sample.
The test-tube
mometer with
the 3|-in.
immersion
line at the
ther-
cork, shall be inserted into the test tube for a distance of | in.
The
lower end of the thermometer bulb shall then be f in. from the bottom
of the test tube.
The air bath being in its proper position in the water bath, the
latter shall be filled to within | in. of the top with water at a temperature 15 to 20 F. below the approximate melting point of the
wax sample.
The test tube containing
thermometer
in place, shall
bottom
of the test
wax
stirrer and
bath in a central
tube is J in. from the
Serial Designation:
bottom
adjusted by stirring
if
The temperature
necessary, so that
87-22.
of the
it
shall
27
temperature of the wax sample by not more than 30 F. and not less
than 25 F., when the wax sample has cooled to a temperature 10 F.
above its approximate melting point.
When
ment and
these conditions have been obtained, temperature adjuststirring of the water bath shall be discontinued.
The wax
IV.
ACCURACY.
differ
by
Accuracy,
is
93-22.
93
the final
number
indicates the year of original adoption as standard, or in the case of revision, the
Proposed as Tentative,
Scope.
1.
Adopted
1921;
in
Amended Form,
Tag
closed tester
is
Test-"^
2.
specified.
I.
Pensky-
oil
1922.
The Pensky-Martcns
APPARATUS.
tester,
major parts:
The cup of the A.S.T.M. Pensky-Martens flash tester
(a) Cup.
shall be made of brass and shall satisfy the following dimensional
Fig.
1,
specifications
Centimeters.
Inches.
Dimensions.
filling
mark
1.950
2.000
2.050
4.953
5.080
5.207
0.120
2.150
0.070
0.125
2.200
0.095
0.130
2.250
0.120
0.305
5.461
0.178
0.318
5.588
0.241
0.330
5.715
0.305
0.845
0.860
0.875
2.146
2.184
2.223
1.780
1.795
1.810
4.521
4.559
4.597
and outside
below filling
Difference, inside
diameters
mark
Inside height
Thickness of bottom
Distance from rim to
filling
mark
Distance lower surface flange
to
bottom of cup
may
The
inside of the
cup
(28)
Serial Designation:
93-22.
29
shall
(6)
1.
Lid,
Stirring Device.
The
lid
Fig.
in.
shall
1. The Pensky-Martens
mounted
in the
Tester.
center
of
The blades
the
of
30
Method
The
in.
(3.175
in.
(0.145 cm.) nor more than 0.081 in. (0.206 cm.), which limits correspond respectively to No. 15 and No. 12 B. and S. gage sheet brass.
The
collars
Minimum
0.938 m.,
Maximum
0M9 in.
0.531 ,
0.563"
OS40^>
219 "
0.500 ,
0.
187
., ,
Equal
Angles p Angle r135% Max.
Mm
Fig.
The plane
2.
140".
f.
50;
60
y.-
10\
.>
15
level of the plane part of the portion of the lower surface of the lid
Serial Designation:
93-22.
31
Cover proper.
of the cup.
Opening
is
for a
thermometer
and
of Fig. 2.
collar.
and on a radius
at an angle of not less than 50 deg. nor more than 60 deg. from a
radius passing through the center of opening
The thermometer
collar shall have an inside diameter of approximately 0.5 in. (1.27 cm.).
It shall be set at an angle of not less than 10 deg. nor more than 15
deg. from the perpendicular.
imately 0.75
in. (1.905
lid
The
lid
shall
orifices are
completely opened.
Method
32
^.
Flame exposure
device.
in.
shall
have
diameter.
shall
be equipped with an
shutter
is
in
the
is
"open"
between
the planes of tlie under and upper surfaces of the Ud proper at a point
on a radius passing through the center of the larger opening A and
approximately 0.1 in. (0.254 cm.) from the outer edge of the opening.
Note.
A
A
when at rest the shutter shall exactly close the three openings.
operated to the other extreme the three openings in the lid shall be exactly
open and the tip of the exposure tube shall be fully depressed.
structed so that
When
Heat
Stove.
Air
shall
The
bath
in.
hath.
air
shall
Note.
If the heating element is a flame heated metal casting it shall be so designed
and used that the temperature of bottom and walls is approximately the same.
On this account it should be not less than 0.25 in. (0.635 cm.) thick. The casting
shall be designed so that products of combustion of the flame cannot pass up and
all
is
it
2.
Top
plate.
The
The
total dis-
tance from the upper surface of the plate to the bottom of the air
bath shall exceed the distance from the under surface of the flange to
the bottom of the cup by not less than 0.063 in. (0.160''cm.) nor more
than 0.125 in. (0.317 cm.).
The top plate shall be mounted with an air gapybetween it and
the air bath.
The top plate may be attached to the air bath by
Serial Designation:
93-22.
33
means
shall
in.
(0.952 cm.) in
diameter.
thermometer
falls
shall
lid inside
the rim)
Table
I.
Type
Etched stem
Total length
275
Stem
mm.
275
able
thermometer
Diameter 6 to
Bulb
Etched stem
glass.
tubing,
mm.
glass.
mm.
able
thermometer tubing.
Diameter 6 to
16 III,
mm.
16 III,
Diameter less
thanstem, length 9to 13 mm.
metric glass.
metric glass.
Diameter less
than stem, length maximum
10
mm.
Actuating liquid
Mercury.
Mercury.
Range
20 F. to 230 F.
200 F. to 700 F.
Immersion
in. (57
21
in.
bulb.
(57
immersion.
1 The low range "P.M. or
with the Tag closed tester.
Tag" thermometer
is
Method
34
of
"ricsT
Distance from
bottom of bulb
line,
to
75 to 90 inin.
Distance from
to 230" line,
top of stem
25 to 40
Expansion chamber.
200"
line,
mm.
75 to 90
to 700 line,
mm.
mm.
25 to 40
Required.
None.
Filled
Nitrogen gas.
Nitrogen gas.
Top
Glass ring.
Glass ring.
finish
Graduating
and
clear cut
and
letters
Scale graduated in
divi-
sions,
others.
marking
Accuracy
and
letters
distinct.
5" divi-
Scale graduated in
Scale
first
line
to
be longer
than
the
others.
serial
name
and
sions.
Scale
Special
clear cut
distinct.
or trade
mark etched
number, manufacturer's
name
on the stem.
on the stem.
shall
scale division.
II.
PROCEDURE.
(a) All parts of the cup and its accessories shall be thoroughly
Particular care shall be
and dry before starting the test.
taken to avoid the presence of any gasoline or naphtha used to clean
3.
clean
to the
level indicated
(c)
stove.
Care
shall
in the
'
Serial Designation:
The thermometer
93-22.
35
is
shall
reached.
The
read on the thermometer increases not less than 9 nor more than 1 1
(d)
F. per minute.
The
stirrer shall
to 2
flash point.
made by
operating
the device controlHng the shutter and test flame burner so that the
flame
The
mometer at
taken as the temperature read on the therthe time of the flame application that causes a distinct
flash in the interior of the cup.
The true flash must not be confused
with the bluish halo that sometimes surrounds the test flame for the
applications preceding the one that causes the actual flash.
5. The barometric pressure shall be observed and recorded.
No corrections shall be made except in case of dispute when the
flash point figure shall be corrected according to the following rule:
For each inch (25 mm.) below 29.92 in. (760 mm.) barometric
reading add 1.6 F. to the flash point.
For each inch (25 mm.) above 29.92 in. (760 mm.) barometric
reading subtract 1.6 F. from the flash point.
4.
flash point is
Flash Point,
Barometric
^^"'-
STANDARD METHODS
OP
75-22.
number
75;
the final
Proposed as Tentative,
1.
Samples
1920;
Adopted, 1922.
upon which
is
to be
Inspection.
A Sampling
.
2.
The
SAMPLING OF STONE.
of Stone
from Ledges
Serial Designation:
lb -22.
37
Name
is
some
Where
6.
At the
broken stone:
screen sections;
plant,
Size
For Quality,
and shape
of screen
openings;
Size,
length of
It
is
recommended that
same sample.
at
38
(b)
test is to
be
made
Slac;, (iRAVKi^,
is
ktc.
recommended
or some unit
measure receptacle
for
in order
Size of
Samples.
therein.
(b)
tests to
of
9.
The
be made.
is
and
and
to be obtained, shall
its state of
preserva-
10.
all
stone of different
from state
of preserva-
construction.
11.
Record.
Records
accompanying samples
of
field
stone
and
The
Location of supply;
plotting of the field stone
or a similar
(b)
map
is
recommended
S.
topographic
amount
made by
difficult
estimate
more
to
It is
the
Serial Designation:
for size
75 - 22.
39
II.
12.
III.
Non-Commercial Deposits.
is
in a
damp
(c)
open
condition.
If the deposit is
face,
test pits
Care
shall
of
and
mine the extent of the supply. The number and depth of these
pits depend on the quantity of material that is to be taken from
Separate samples shall be taken from the face of
the deposit.
These shall be well mixed in a
the bank and from test pits.
composite sample and the sample for test obtained by the
quartering method.
(d) Deposits that have no open face shall be sampled by
means of test pits. The number and depth of these will depend
on local conditions and the amount of material to be used from
A separate sample shall be taken from each pit
the source.
and where visual examination indicates no radical difference in
size of grain, color, etc., these shall be well mixed in a composite
sample and the sample for test obtained by the quartering
method. Where visual inspection indicates a distinct difference
in material from different pits, separate samples shall be taken
for test.
in
It
is
1 For a description of this test, see the Standard Method of Test for Organic Impurities
Sands for Concrete (Serial Designation: C 40) of the American Society for Testing Materials.
See p.
19.
Q"aity-
is
Definition,
Sampling,
40
15.
Record.
16.
for
Quality.
is
and shipped as such. It is difficult to secure a representative sample from stock piles and bins and, if conditions require
sampling from these sources, the following is recommended:
Separate samples shall be taken from different parts of the stock
units
pile,
is
Sampling
for
s^^-
Sampling
at
Delivery.
It
method.
C. Quantity of
Run
of
Bank.
Samples of run of
combined) shall consist of at least 100
19.
lb. of
is
lb.
Serial Designation:
20.
21.
22.
of tests
75-22.
41
IV.
V.
Samples
VI.
shall
By whom
stone Block.
Gravel, Sand,
^**^-
Marking.
taken, official
title
or rank of
the sampler;
use for
production;
the material.
common
(name
and price
facilities
carrier);
of
of
48 - 22.
fixed designation
48;
the
final
number
indicates the year of original adoption as standard, or in the case of revision, the
Proposed as Tentative,
Material
Covered.
rials
These
tests are
1917;
Adopted
in
intended to apply to
by the
Amended Form,
all solid
1922.
insulating mate-
Apparatus.
TENSILE STRENGTH.
Any
(see Fig. l) of
Specimen.
Method
Two
may
the specimen
when
Serial Designation:
48-22.
43
5.
-/r-
(98.5mm.)
4
(e9.Smm.)
(mmm.)
j^'(ll.lmmj
^-
3J"(98.Smm.)
(12mm.)
->l
f
3"
(76.2mm.)
"A
, 'ba-
(35.S
mm.)
;
if
'2
(38.1mm.)
^J!L
[<---
/r(44.5mm.)^
(12.7 mm.)
1.
to these
2).
is,
the
section.
The ultimate
in
minimum
tensile strength in
Report.
44
the
minimum
the load
is
applied.
The
(d)
it
The speed
(e)
Apparatus.
how
test.
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH.
Any
(25.4 mm.)
_y_
^<>r
\
i
Manufacturer's
Specimen No.Z
'
to these Dimemions.
FiG._2.
Specimen.
Method.
The
3).
test
while hot.
Two
Serial Designation:
48-22.
45
is
crushed.
results
9.
Report.
(a)
first
sign of failure;
(c)
from the measured area of each specimen before the load is appKed;
(d) The general character of the material tested, with description
of how it acts under the applied load;
(e) The speed in inches or centimeters per minute at which the
jaws traveled during the
test.
TEST SPECIMEN
k-i^
MANUFACTURER'S
Na+
(IZlmm.)
NAME
--
V-
s'
(12.7mm.)
III.
to!'OOZ (O.V^mm.)
4.
TRANSVERSE STRENGTH.
Any
Apparatus,
extending across the specimen with the edge parallel to the edges of
the two supports.
The angle of the wedge shall be approximately
45 deg. and the load shall be applied at right angles to the specimen
midway between
The specimen
shall
46
(b)
that
first
13.
(a)
The
The
may
be taken
and width
of each specimen as
measured by
The
sign of failure;
The maximum
fiber stress in
in
3 PI,
(e)
The amount
meters;
(/)
The
Apparatus.
14.
(a)
Any
DIELECTRIC STRENGTH.
which gives root-mean-square values, preferably by means of a voltmeter connected to a special voltmeter coil in the high tension winding
Serial Desingation:
48-22.
47
potential transformer.
gap
may
Some
(d)
spark gap, to
damp
high frequency oscillations at the time of breakand limit the current flow. This resistance shall be as near
down
If the test is
side is
Water tube
carbon resistance
may
carbon
be materially decreased by
(e)
shall
the
method
Amer-
15.
in Fig.
Specimen,
If
may
It
is
recommended that
all tests
be made in
air,
but whenever
it
48
mens^which require a very high voltage to i>uncture, it may be necessary to put a glass tube or shield over the wire leading to the mercury
on the inside of the specimen in order to prevent breakdown over the
surface of the oil between terminals.
The testing voltage shall be
2^
(57.1mm.)
V.Q
>\'\^f(3.2mm.)
(5.2mm
-K
2(63.5mm.j
3".
(4.8mm.)
/?.|
3"/
f--l(55mm.y^
,-OW(5.0mm.)\
JL
^
I
,-r"^A-7r
IQ
Z}" (60.4
|<.
V
Note
-2.500(63.
-->\
|.
mm.) "H
5 mm.)
-^-Nof over
I
mm. deep
Round
Body Leffers
^/fh
5/ighHy
belo\>
>^,
5urFac
(47.6mm.)
'
4.
to
these Dimensions.
Limif^td'.OOZ (0.05 mm.)
Serial Designation:
48-22.
49
when
required.
Two
The
The
Report.
if
any
is
observed.
V.
shown in
Fig. 5.
The specimen is supported on steel supports, 4 in. (102 mm.)
apart with the load applied on top of the specimen vertically and
midway between the supports, the same as for the transverse test,
Section 10. The machine shall be arranged to apply a load of 5| lb.
The specimen shall be placed in an air bath surrounded by
(2.5 kg.).
an oil bath which is so arranged that its temperature may be raised
gradually.
The machine shall be so arranged that the deflection of
18.
Apparatus.
50
the specimen at
its
II
Weights
Micrometer
Gage-...^
Maximum
Recording
ThermomefeP
witti
rramework-.
Oil
Reservoir.
yOil-tigtit
Copper
Tank
---
-Test
Specimen
No. 4
lUUiiiiiiii
aBa
TeataP
&twn<iw^^>.<nv^n..<^t<...^>^<^tmmmm<.nii^.i. Ill
..!. mi
Source of Heat
^^TTTTT/TTTTTTTTTiTTTTTTrTTTTTmTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT^TTTr
Fig.
Method.
5.
'^7777777777777/77777777777777?
Three
test
which the specimen has deflected 10 mils (0.254 mm.) at the center
between the supports.
Report.
21.
The
^
D
48-22.
51
of each specimen
measured at the
Serial Designation:
(a)
The
Fahrenheit;
(c)
The
mm.);
50
^_^
45
65
60
40
55
35
<^
/
/
50
4-
30
45
y
a>
-a
25
40
/
/
/
20
30
/
r
[/
>
4\
10
25
7
o._J L-
.-^
a
35 S
15
/
/
-a- -2
-*''
p^
^
^
20
15
25
50
75
100
Time, minutes
Fig. 6.
(6)
Any
125
150
during the test or after the specimen is removed from the machine;
{e) A curve for each test specimen showing the time in minutes
horizontally and the amount of deflection and also the temperature
at given intervals, as vertical ordinates as
shown
in Fig. 6.
52
Apparatus.
Specimen.
Any good
them
Method.
24.
Weigh each
been sawed
may
mediately.
Report.
25.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
as received,
specimen
16-22.
These definitions are issued under the fixed designation D 16; the final number
indicates the year of original adoption as standard, or in the case of revision, the
year of last revision.
Proposed as Tentative
Size.
In
Adopted
1921;
in
Amended Form,
1922.
to
It is
no pigment, which
flows out to a smooth coat when applied and dries to a smooth,
glossy, relatively hard, permanent solid when exposed in a thin
Varnish.
Some
materials possessing
the other
characteristics,
Enamel.
Filler.
Lake.
ment
made
1
more or
less
will
by a
pronounced translucency when
It is characterized generally
issued
(53)
54
this
original type
the older
extensive type
by means
made by
(b)
the
far
more
upon a base
or carrier either previously prepared or coincidently formed, and (c) a
number combining both types in varying degree, might be regarded as a
of a metallic salt, tannin, or other suitable reagent,
third class.
Drying
Oil.
An
of readily
oil
when exposed
in a thin
is
no
definite
line
of
of a dry-
oils.
Non-Drying
An
which does not of itself possess to a perceptible degree the power to take up oxygen from the air and lose its
Oil.
oil
liquid characteristics.
/L
"