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Pursanova Disk
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
Synopsis:
1/33
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2/33
50 mg/L CaCo3; medium soft water is 3 to 6 dH and 50 to 100 mg/L CaCo3; slightly hard water is 6 to 12
dH and 100 to 200 mg/L CaCo3; moderately hard water is 12 to 18 dH and 200 to 300 mg/L CaCo3; hard
water is over 18 dH and over 300 mg/L CaCo3.
Term
Soft
Slightly
Hard
Moderately
Hard
Hard
Very
Hard
Grain/Gallon
(gpg)
Less
than
1.0
1.0
to
3.5
3.5
to
7.0
7.0
to10.5
10.5
&
above
Mg/Liter
(ppm)
Less
than
17.1
17.1
to
60
60
to
120
120
to
180
180
&
above
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
3/33
Many
shower
cubicles
are
made
of
glass,
and
scaling
makes
a
great
mess
of
them.
Pursanova
Disks
can
help
reduce
the
problem.
When
you
are
showering,
hot
water
splashes
against
the
shower
cubicle
walls.
These
droplets
evaporate
very
quickly,
leaving
scale
behind.
In
many
homes,
this
scale
must
be
wiped
off
directly
after
showering
so
that
only
minor
stains
occur.
Using
a
Pursanova
Disk
(or
a
complete
home
system
from
Pursanova),
far
less
deposit
forms.
Water
on
the
shower
wall
flows
away
more
quickly
because
of
lower
surface
tension,
so
fewer
droplets
form.
Some
stains
may
still
occur,
but
these
can
generally
be
removed
easily
with
a
sponge
or
cloth
if
you
do
this
twice
per
week.
It
also
helps
to
rinse
shower
cubicle
walls
immediately
after
showering
with
cold
water
run
through
a
Pursanova
Disk.
The
cold
droplets
evaporate
less,
reducing
scale
formation.
4/33
In
technically
demanding
systems,
where
either
water
is
very
poor
quality
or
the
process
itself
causes
problems,
our
customers
tell
us
that
chemicals
arent
producing
the
required
quality
of
water.
Were
doing
more
and
more
of
these
difficult
projects
where
the
Pursanova
Disk
is
able
to
deliver
better
results
even
when
not
using
chemicals.
Those
results
include
more
stable
production
with
fewer
unplanned
shutdowns,
less
cleaning,
and
less
wear
or
replacement
of
components.
Major
savings
are
often
available
where
the
Pursanova
Disk
often
in
conjunction
with
the
PursaLex
Tube
can
sharply
reduce
or
eliminate
water
treatment
chemicals.
In
many
instances,
weve
seen
new
savings
pay
for
all
investments
in
Pursonava
technology
within
six
months
or
less.
Pursanova
expertise
is
available
for
a
huge
array
of
water
treatment
needs.
This
includes
treating
seawater,
coping
with
algae
or
marine
growth;
even
purifying
water
on
board
ships.
We
have
case
studies
available
for
these
applications
showing
how
the
installation
was
done
and
how
monitoring
and
documentation
was
performed.
In
many
cases,
the
client
has
provided
followup
data
on
investment
returns.
5/33
Biological
water
treatments
are
very
complex
and
sensitive;
they
need
extremely
accurate
planning
and
implementation
because
each
one
is
unique.
In
most
cases
where
weve
installed
a
comprehensive
Pursanova
system,
chemical
treatment
to
inhibit
microbial
growth
was
no
longer
needed.
When
biological
water
pollution
is
finally
defeated,
savings
can
add
up
fast.
Customers
tell
us
their
recovery
of
investment
is
normally
less
than
three
months
after
the
system
is
clean
and
clear.
Pitting - Corrosion
From
more
than
a
decade
of
industrial
experience,
Pursanova
has
proven
able
to
reduce
Microbiological
Influenced
Corrosion
often
called
MIC
in
industry
jargon.
This
includes
significant
reduction
of
corrosion
from
Sulfur
Reducing
Bacteria
(SRB).
Weve
seen
very
good
case
studies
with
Pursanova
technology
against
other
kinds
of
biofilm
or
bio
fouling.
Of
course
Pursanova
is
not
always
able
to
prevent
pitting,
since
strong
chemical
forces
are
at
work.
Thus
its
always
advisable
to
install
a
particle
filter,
with
the
appropriate
connective
fittings,
at
the
branch
line
entering
the
industrial
site
or
home
to
prevent
a
reactive
metal
setting
up
galvanic
action
from
the
outside.
There
are
other
reasons
for
pitting
as
well,
such
as
internal
erosion
from
high
velocity
water
movement,
or
corrosion
from
soil
or
chemicals
outside
the
pipe.
The
Pursanova
Disk
has
no
effect
on
these
external
chemical
forces.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
6/33
Fresh,
clean
water
is
extremely
scarce
in
much
of
the
world.
In
many
regions,
even
deep-
well
water
must
be
treated
for
use
as
drinking
water.
A
general
description
for
such
water
is
a
high
content
of
Total
Dissolved
Solids
or
TDS.
This
can
include
calcium,
iron
and
a
wide
array
of
elements.
Water
from
wells
in
desert
regions,
or
in
systems
where
surface
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
7/33
water
is
recycled,
can
contain
harmful
levels
of
TDS.
In
such
cases,
Pursanova
turns
to
our
reverse
osmosis
(RO)
systems
to
refine
water
for
safe
drinking
or
industrial
uses.
High
concentrations
of
TDS
typically
create
a
series
of
high-maintenance
challenges
for
any
RO
system,
especially
those
with
high
volumes
and
high
pressure.
Some
solids
can
be
filtered
ahead
of
the
RO
unit,
but
salts
and
other
dissolved
solids
quickly
foul
the
RO
membranes.
This
requires
higher
and
higher
pressure
at
the
supply
side
to
overcome
clogging
of
the
membranes.
For
example,
a
Saudi
Arabian
company
runs
several
of
our
RO
systems
to
produce
drinking
water.
Before
our
new
Pursanova
technology
was
installed
for
this
firm,
it
was
common
to
replace
the
initial
sediment
filter
every
week,
and
replace
all
membranes
in
their
RO
system
every
three
months.
The
customer
also
relied
on
injection
of
expensive
chemicals
to
slow,
but
not
stop,
the
fouling.
Our
new
Pursanova
Disk
technology
was
installed
at
one
of
the
customers
RO
systems
during
a
time
in
the
maintenance
cycle
where
the
membranes
were
already
partly
blocked.
Immediately,
the
decline
of
water
production
stopped
and
slowly
began
to
increase
indicating
that
membrane
fouling
had
stopped.
Another
positive
side
effect:
Bacterial
counts
in
the
finished
water
declined,
and
stabilized
far
below
100
CFU/ml,
a
safe
level.
Seeing
stable
results
over
several
weeks,
the
customer
quit
adding
chemicals
to
the
water,
saving
a
major
expense.
Over
a
years
time,
no
further
fouling
of
RO
membranes
occurred.
No
membrane
replacements
were
needed.
After
confirming
these
results
on
the
test
RO
system
for
more
than
a
year,
the
customer
added
Pursanova
Disks
to
all
his
RO
systems.
The
customers
return
of
investment
(ROI)
for
the
Pursanova
Disk
in
this
case
was
less
than
two
months.
No
chemicals
are
needed,
and
production
remains
high.
And
of
course,
the
lifetime
of
membranes
throughout
the
RO
system
is
far
higher.
Add
another
benefit:
The
customer
saves
substantial
electricity
because
less
pressure
is
needed
to
maintain
production
of
clean
RO
water.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
8/33
One
of
our
studies
of
reduced
emitter
clogging
with
the
Pursanova
Disk
was
performed
in
a
field
belonging
to
Isfahan
University
of
Technology
in
Iran.
We
conducted
two
main
treatments
of
irrigation
water:
with
and
without
the
Pursanova
Disk.
In
addition,
each
of
these
treatments
were
subdivided
into
three
levels
of
salinity
in
the
irrigation
water.
At
the
1%
water
salinity
level,
irrigation
water
treatment
had
a
significant
benefit
on
average
emitter
discharge:
It
was
higher
for
water
treated
with
the
Pursanova
Disk,
compared
with
the
untreated
control.
Average
emitter
discharge
rates
decreased
during
the
experiment
on
both
treated
and
untreated
sides,
but
the
decline
was
slower
with
the
Pursanova
Disk.
At
the
5%
salinity
level,
the
Pursanova
Disk
had
a
significant
benefit
on
the
distribution
uniformity
of
emitters.
Based
on
this
and
other
studies,
we
recommend
the
Pursanova
Disk
to
achieve
lower
emitter
clogging
and
higher
distribution
uniformity
in
trickle
irrigation
systems.
9/33
Rust
or
iron
oxide
is
often
found
in
steel
or
iron
pipe
work,
or
systems
with
iron
components.
This
leads
to
poor
water
quality,
high
maintenance
costs,
or
premature
failure
of
equipment.
Operating conditions
10/33
We
encourage
clients
to
establish
a
trial
period
to
confirm
how
the
Pursanova
Disk
enhances
the
performance
of
your
water
system.
Here
are
a
few
ways
you
can
monitor
performance
of
the
Pursanova
Disks
in
the
trial
and
long-term
as
well.
1. Analyze
data
from
on-line
monitoring
built
into
your
system.
In
many
industrial
applications,
online
monitoring
makes
it
easy
to
compare
performance
before
and
after
installation
of
a
Pursanova
Disk.
For
example,
you
may
want
to
record
flow
rates
to
see
if
there
is
any
scaling
buildup
or
reduction
in
the
network.
We
often
measure
pairs
of
systems,
one
with
the
Pursanova
Disk
and
one
without.
They
may
not
be
the
same
size,
but
encounter
the
same
problems.
Example:
In
the
left
graph,
the
trend
of
flow
rates
in
the
untreated
system
is
decreasing
over
time,
indicating
scaling
buildup.
On
the
right
graph,
flow
rates
of
the
treated
system
are
stable
or
increasing.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
11/33
12/33
Measuring
the
cleanup
of
a
seriously
fouled
open
loop
system
is
more
difficult,
whether
youre
fighting
rust,
calcium
scale
or
biomass
buildup.
Initially,
the
water
content
of
total
dissolved
solids
may
increase,
then
gradually
fall
as
the
Pursanova
Disk
removes
encrustations.
The
theoretical
chart
above
shows
that
your
data
may
not
be
smoothly
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
13/33
linear,
but
somewhat
erratic
as
the
system
gradually
gets
cleaner.
In
a
fouled
system,
patches
of
encrustations
can
break
loose,
pushing
up
TDS
values
for
a
while.
But
the
longer
term
trend
is
down
until
reaching
a
stable
level
far
lower
than
during
the
original
descaling
readings.
In
such
open
loops,
regular
maintenance
typically
drains
and
replaces
the
solution,
which
flushes
out
dissolved
metals
and
minerals.
6.
Visual
inspection
Many
customers
prefer
visual
inspection
of
their
systems
before
and
after
installation
of
the
Pursanova
Disk.
Seeing
is
believing.
Of
course,
many
parts
arent
visually
accessible,
and
production
must
be
stopped,
so
visual
inspection
typically
occurs
during
planned
maintenance.
Remotely
controlled
scopes
which
can
be
inserted
in
pipes
are
helpful
to
check
internal
lines.
We
can
recommend
other
measures
of
performance,
depending
on
the
application.
Youve
probably
noted
during
your
hotel
stays
that
hotels
are
very
concerned
about
water
quality
for
their
guests.
They
try
to
maintain
a
high
standard
regardless
of
their
local
municipal
water
sources.
Hotel
managers
must
also
consider
water
performance
in
their
kitchens,
heating
and
ventilating
systems,
pools
and
laundry.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
14/33
Many
of
our
hotel
clients
face
problems
in
more
than
one
of
these
areas:
Corrosion
If
the
hotels
local
water
is
rather
soft,
then
corrosion
of
the
pipes
or
tanks
is
a
big
issue.
If
a
guest
stays
in
an
expensive
hotel
and
sees
brown
water
in
the
tub
or
sink,
he
or
she
will
not
be
pleased.
Scaling
If
there
is
calcium
in
the
water,
the
problem
of
lime
buildup
in
showers,
tubs
and
sinks
generates
more
time
and
expense
for
cleanup.
More
cleaning
agents
are
required
and
the
lifetime
of
a
shower
head
is
reduced.
Weve
helped
hotels
with
such
serious
calcium
problems
that
they
had
to
replace
all
shower
heads
twice
a
year.
Microorganisms
All
hotels
fear
having
bacteria
like
legionella
in
the
water.
They
exert
a
lot
of
effort
to
avoid
an
accident
with
water-borne
bacteria,
which
can
give
them
a
bad
reputation
and
expose
them
to
liability.
The
Pursanova
Disk
is
able
to
solve
all
the
above
problems.
Over
the
years,
weve
equipped
about
100
hotels
around
the
world
with
our
water
quality
technology.
This
includes
applications
from
solving
a
problem
in
one
machine
or
area,
through
equipping
for
all
water
treatment
of
the
entire
hotel.
Here
are
a
few
of
the
international
5-star
hotels
who
are
our
honored
customers.
We
list
them
in
alphabetic
order:
Accor
Group,
Balboa
Bay
Club,
Four
Seasons,
Grand
Hotel
Bad
Ragaz,
Hayman
Island
Resort,
Le
Meridien,
Maritime,
Mariott,
Novotel,
The
Oberoi,
Renaissance
Hotel
Group,
The
Ritz
Carlton,
Sofitel,
The
Threadneedles
Hotel,
Van
der
Valk
Group.
Typical
applications
are:
Drinking
water,
where
we
install
Pursanova
technology
right
at
the
water
supply
to
protect
the
piping,
hot
water
boiler
and
circulation
pump
system.
Kitchen,
where
we
take
care
of
all
facilities
such
as
the
dishwasher,
critical
for
sparkling
plates
and
other
dining
tableware.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
15/33
Laundry,
to
stop
scale
in
the
washing
machine
and
assure
clean
towels,
tablecloths
and
other
items.
Customers
often
find
they
can
reduce
detergents
as
much
as
50
%
in
washing
machines,
and
totally
eliminate
descaling
additives.
Managers
tell
us
that
towels
washed
in
Pursanova
treated
water
are
softer,
as
less
calcium
residue
is
left
in
the
fabric.
Also,
theres
less
scaling
at
washing
machine
shaft
seals
and
valves,
which
increases
machine
life.
Swimming
pool,
to
stop
scaling
and
reduce
chemicals
required
for
treating
pool
water.
Golf
course,
where
we
treat
the
irrigation
system.
Heating,
ventilating
and
cooling
systems,
where
we
treat
the
chiller,
the
cooling
tower
or
the
supply
system
of
cold
water.
Wellness
area,
where
we
treat
various
issues
such
as
steam
generators
for
the
steam
bath.
Gardens,
where
we
treat
the
irrigation
system
or
fountains.
There
are
many
more
applications
weve
solved
in
the
hotel
industry.
If
you
have
questions,
or
an
application
to
be
solved,
please
contact
us
at
info@pursanova.com.
16/33
Under
normal
conditions,
Pursanova
maintains
the
calcium
carbonate
in
the
water
so
far
less
scale,
or
no
scale
at
all,
is
precipitated
and
deposited
in
these
machines.
This
results
in
savings
in
detergent
of
up
to
50
%
on
washing
machines
and
it
is
frequently
possible
to
do
without
descaling
additives
entirely.
Customers
report
that
clothing
washed
in
the
machine
is
softer,
as
less
calcium
is
be
left
in
the
fabric.
Also,
scaling
that
typically
occurs
at
the
seal
shafts
and
valves
of
washing
machines
is
significantly
less.
That
increase
the
machine
life
and
reduces
the
need
of
servicing.
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
17/33
18/33
BEFORE
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
19/33
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
20/33
Scale
in
washing
machine
and
dishwasher
due
to
hard
water
Company:
D ivani
H otel
G roup,
G reece
We
find
that
carbon
steel
pipes
or
galvanized
steel
pipes
are
still
used
in
older
water
systems.
These
corrode
and
emit
brown,
rusty
water.
This
often
shows
up
if
there
has
been
no
water
flow
for
some
time,
such
as
several
weeks.
If
the
brown
water
flushes
out
quickly,
theres
little
concern
as
these
are
minor
corrosion
spots.
But
if
brown
water
persists
every
morning,
and
leaves
stains
on
sinks
or
other
bathroom
fixures,
this
indicates
serious
corrosion
in
the
water
system.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
21/33
A
Pursanova
Disk
can
probably
help,
although
it
cant
stop
galvanic
corrosion
caused
by
mixed
metals
in
the
pipes
and
plumbing;
this
is
a
very
aggressive
form
of
corrosion.
Old
and
impure
metals
in
piping
can
also
be
difficult
to
deal
with.
Also,
some
well
water
contains
large
amounts
of
rust
from
the
soil
or
well
casing.
But
in
most
cases,
the
reason
for
this
corrosion
is
only
corrosive
water,
or
extended
times
where
water
is
not
used.
In
these
situations,
the
Pursanova
Disk
offers
next
to
a
100%
chance
of
solving
the
brown
water
problem.
There
are
very
easy
ways
to
verify
success
of
the
Pursanova
Disk.
You
can
easily
take
a
series
of
water
samples
in
plastic
bottles,
as
seen
in
the
nearby
photo.
The
bottles
should
be
of
the
same
type
and
size,
and
should
be
closed
after
taking
the
sample.
Before
installation
of
the
Pursanova
Disk,
take
samples
from
both
the
hot
water
tap
and
cold
water
tap,
so
you
can
learn
if
both
hot
and
cold
water
have
a
problem.
Take
the
first
sample
after
the
tap
has
been
unused
a
day
or
two.
Then,
run
some
water
for
a
few
seconds
and
take
further
samples
to
get
an
idea
of
how
fast
the
rust
is
flushed
out.
Repeat
this
for
both
hot
and
cold
so
you
have
a
series
of
samples.
Put
the
bottles
in
a
row
in
the
order
they
were
sampled,
and
you
can
easily
see
if
the
water
color
lightens
up
as
rust
is
flushed
out.
Keep
the
untreated
water
samples
for
comparison,
and
repeat
this
procedure
after
installing
the
Pursanova
Disk
(or
a
complete
Pursanova
system).
Another
simple
check:
Fill
a
sink
and
observe
the
water
color.
A
white
sink
is
best
for
this
test.
As
you
upgrade
your
system,
repeat
the
observation
under
the
same
light
conditions.
In
more
complex
installations
like
big
apartment
buildings,
hotels
or
hospitals,
Pursanova
does
such
visual
inspections
and
also
documents
our
own
laboratory
analysis
of
iron
content
in
the
water.
We
have
hundreds
of
industrial
cases
where
we
brought
corrosion
under
control
and
reduced
the
corrosion
rate
to
less
then
two
millimeters
per
year.
Millimeters
per
year
(MPY)
is
a
common
U.S.
standard
to
describe
the
corrosion
rate
in
a
pipe
or
other
metallic
surface.
MPY
-
Mils
per
year
or
MPY
is
used
to
give
the
corrosion
rate
i n
a
pipe,
a
pipe
system
or
other
metallic
surfaces.
To
calculate
the
material
loss
or
weight
loss
of
a
metal
surface,
there
is
a
formula
using
the
type
of
metal,
the
size
of
the
sample
area
and
the
time
of
exposure,
giving
the
value
of
mils
per
year.
The
expression
MPY
is
mostly
used
in
the
United
States.
One
Mil
is
equal
to
one
thousandth
of
an
Inch.
(In
metric
expression,
one
MPY
equals
0.0254
millimeters
per
year.)
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
22/33
In
an
open
water
system,
a
corrosion
rate
of
around
1
MPY
is
normal.
If
your
system
has
a
corrosion
rate
of
around
10
MPY,
you
should
take
action.
With
corrosion
rates
of
20
MPY
and
above,
you
should
be
very
concerned,
as
the
corrosion
is
eating
the
metal
rather
fast.
Based
on
our
experience
from
several
hundred
successfully
solved
cases,
weve
usually
cleared
brown
water
caused
by
light
corrosion
within
6
to
8
weeks
or
less.
Investing
in
the
Pursanova
Disk
could
save
you
a
lot
of
money
compared
with
the
cost
of
replacing
a
plumbing
system.
Saudi
Aramco
is
a
government-owned
company.
Its
the
worlds
largest
crude
oil
producer,
with
the
worlds
largest
proven
crude
oil
and
natural
gas
reserves
making
it
the
worlds
most
valuable
company.
With
almost
60,000
employees,
Aramco
pumps
from
more
than
250
oil
and
gas
fields.
The
firm
also
operates
a
series
of
refineries
such
as
the
one
at
Riyad,
where
weve
installed
our
Pursanova
technology.
This
refinery
was
commissioned
in
1981
and
normally
refines
more
than
100,000
barrels
of
crude
daily.
The
cooling
water
system
has
a
central
cooling
tower
fed
by
a
pipe
network
several
kilometers
long.
The
refinery
has
almost
300
heat
exchangers,
plus
supporting
pumps
and
control
units.
The
total
one-time
water
capacity
in
the
system
is
around
5,500
cubic
meters.
Feed
water
for
the
cooling
system
is
high
in
total
dissolved
solids:
about
2,000
TDS.
The
evaporative
or
blowdown
side
has
around
5,000
TDS,
all
of
which
indicates
heavy
fouling
and
scaling.
The
refinery
schedules
a
planned
maintenance
shutdown
every
three
years.
During
shutdowns,
most
of
the
heat
exchangers
on
the
water
supply
side
are
opened
and
inspected.
Usually,
heavy
fouling
and
scaling
is
found
in
tubes
and
outer
shell,
plus
the
inlet
and
outlet
pipes.
Also,
corrosion
is
a
serious
issue
at
some
places.
Cleaning
is
expensive:
Workers
must
disassemble
the
heat
exchanger,
clean
it
chemically
and
physically,
and
re-
assemble
it
with
any
new
parts
needed.
The
first
trail
with
the
Pursanova
Disk
was
done
at
a
few
of
the
most
critical
heat
exchangers
which
were
designed
to
allow
opening
and
checking
the
results
during
regular
operation.
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
23/33
The
two
top
pictures
at
left
(marked
before)
show
how
inlets
of
the
heat
exchanger
tubes
normally
look
after
scale
buildup
from
the
waters
heavy
load
of
dissolved
solids.
Corrosion
and
mud
particles
are
found
as
well.
The
two
bottom
pictures
at
left
were
taken
after
six
months
of
operation
with
the
Pursanova
Disk
installed.
They
show
a
more
general
view
of
the
inlet
and
outlet
ends
of
one
path
(one
set
of
tubes)
of
this
6-path
heat
exchanger.
Internal
surfaces
and
the
surrounding
shell
were
totally
clean.
No
scale,
fouling
or
trace
of
corrosion
could
be
found.
On
the
lower
right
photo,
you
can
see
a
pile
of
sludge,
which
indicates
that
the
sacrificial
anode
was
effective.
When
taking
these
pictures,
there
was
no
mechanical
cleaning
done.
We
simply
recorded
the
picture
and
closed
the
heat
exchanger
again,
as
a
baseline
to
see
if
the
Pursanova
Disk
would
remove
existing
fouling.
After
seeing
results
in
this
Pursanova-treated
heat
exchanger,
company
managers
broadened
our
test.
We
installed
similar
Pursanova
Disk
systems
on
another
50
heat
exchangers.
Then
after
several
months
of
operation,
the
heat
exchangers
were
opened
for
cleaning
during
a
scheduled
shutdown.
The
evidence
was
very
clear:
The
Pursanova-
treated
exchangers
were
either
totally
clean,
or
far
cleaner
than
untreated
ones.
The
Pursanova
Disk
was
installed
on
the
U-shaped
water
feed
line.
To
confirm
its
effect,
pictures
where
taken
upstream
and
downstream
of
the
Pursanova
Disk.
(The
Pursanova
Disk
effects
only
the
water
downstream
of
the
water
flow
past
the
Disk.)
The
photos
show
that
the
upstream,
untreated
pipe
still
has
fouling
and
scale.
Downstream
of
the
Pursanova
Disk,
all
scale
is
gone.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
24/33
The
two
photos
below
show
the
difference
more
clearly.
Left
photo:
Upstream
from
the
Pursanova
effect,
the
pipe
is
still
scaled
and
corroded.
Right
photo:
Downstream,
its
clean
and
free
of
corrosion.
The
picture
at
right
shows
the
disassembled
header
of
a
heat
exchanger
after
several
months
of
operating
downstream
of
a
Pursanova
Disk.
When
this
header
was
dropped
onto
a
truck
for
transporting
to
a
cleaning
shop,
all
the
scale
and
fouling
fell
to
the
bottom.
No
scale
clung
to
the
surfaces,
and
no
corrosion
was
seen.
The
company
found
that
periodic
cleaning
of
heat
exchangers
in
Pursanova-
treated
systems
has
been
very
easy.
Theres
no
need
of
aggressive
chemicals.
In
most
cases
the
mud
and
debris
can
be
removed
with
a
simple
high-pressure
washer.
After
this
extended
trial,
we
discussed
several
ways
forward
with
the
company.
The
ultimate
goal:
Treat
the
entire
cooling
system
with
Pursanova
technologies,
including
the
Pursanova
Disk.
The
project
is
divided
into
four
phases
spread
over
three
years.
When
all
evidence
is
gathered
from
this
project,
the
company
will
know
if
its
possible
to
lengthen
the
service
cycles
for
the
heat
exchangers
on
the
water
side.
Keeping
the
refinery
in
operation
more
days
without
shutdowns
can
add
large
amounts
of
revenue
to
the
company!
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
25/33
About
the
customer
The
Malaysian
Palm
Oil
Board
is
a
national
organization
of
the
government
of
Malaysia
to
support
and
promote
palm
oil
plantations
and
use
of
palm
oil
products.
Palm
oil
is
used
locally
for
cooking,
and
the
food
industry
uses
it
in
processed
food
products.
The
Board
sponsors
Centers
of
Excellence
where
researchers
test
new
technology
that
could
improve
palm
oil
plantations
and
processing
mills.
Malaysia
is
the
global
technology
leader
in
palm
oil.
As
Malaysian
plantations
crowd
existing
land,
the
industry
is
expanding
into
Indonesia.
In
each
mill
there
is
a
steam
boiler
with
capacity
to
produce
20
to
40
cubic
meters
of
water
per
hour
into
steam.
Steam
is
used
for
power
generation
and
in
the
refining
process
of
the
palm
fruits
or
seeds.
Steam
is
used
to
cook
the
seeds
and
separate
the
desirable
seed
from
the
unwanted
covering
husk.
Palm
oil
mills
are
located
all
over
the
country.
The
Problem
Because
palm
mills
are
located
in
many
remote
areas,
they
rely
on
a
wide
variety
of
water
sources
for
steam
boiler
feed
water:
Surface
water,
water
from
reservoirs,
or
ground
water.
In
most
of
these
steam
boilers,
corrosion
and
scaling
is
never
brought
really
fully
under
control.
Thick
encrustations
are
a
costly
headache
as
they
interfere
with
heat
transfer.
The
solution
Pursanova
got
the
chance
to
do
a
12-month
case
study
monitored
closely
by
the
Palm
Oil
Board
in
one
mill
to
see
if
the
Pursanova
Ring
is
able
to
improve
source
water
quality
and
save
money.
We
installed
just
one
4-inch
Pursanova
Disk
at
the
feed
line
of
the
boiler.
To
assure
that
this
was
the
only
change,
the
mill
continued
chemical
treatment
of
the
water.
The
result
and
findings
Over
the
12-month
trial,
the
customer
found
that
the
five
types
of
chemicals
used
could
be
reduced
15%
to
55%
with
less
scale
and
corrosion.
This
alone
contributed
to
big
savings.
After
12
months,
the
scheduled
annual
cleaning
was
far
easier,
faster
and
with
less
manpower
because
encrustations
were
very
soft
compared
to
buildup
before
installing
the
Pursanova
Disk.
Also,
the
Board
determined
that
there
was
more
efficient
steam
generation
due
to
fewer
deposits
on
boiler
tubes
and
in
the
heat
drum,
for
improved
heat
transfer.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
26/33
27/33
The
picture
to
the
right
shows
a
heat
exchanger
tube
bundle
from
a
chiller
where
the
supply
water
is
an
open
system
cooled
in
a
cooling
tower.
You
can
see
a
lot
of
scale
and
fouling
coating
the
tubes.
This
is
the
open
side
of
the
cooling
loop,
connected
to
a
cooling
tower
(where
the
debris
is
coming
from.)
Inside
the
tubes,
the
cooled
water
is
protected
by
a
Pursanova
Disk.
Internal
the
water
is
flowing
and
perfectly
clean.
Hot
water
pump
four
weeks
after
installation
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
28/33
Scale
in
ships
The
Queen
Elizabeth
II
and
the
Queen
Mary
II
are
famous
as
first-class
luxury
cruise
liners.
Queen
Elizabeth
II
was
retired
from
ocean
passenger
service
in
2008
and
is
docked
in
Dubai.
Queen
Mary
II,
operated
by
Cunard
Lines,
is
crossing
the
Atlantic
from
Southampton
to
New
York
regularly
during
summer.
In
winter,
she
cruises
in
the
southern
hemisphere.
There
is
a
lot
of
drinking
water
needed
on
these
ships.
Queen
Mary
II
has
a
capacity
of
2,600
passengers
and
a
crew
of
1500.
In
addition
there
are
three
swimming
pools
on
board.
This
water
has
to
be
produced
at
sea
because
it
would
be
impossible
to
carry
enough
water
for
all
the
people
on
extended
voyages.
The
Queen
Mary
II
converts
sea
water
with
six
banks
of
evaporators,
each
with
a
capacity
of
3,000
liters
an
hour.
The
common
problem
on
such
systems
is
buildup
of
scale,
reducing
performance
of
the
evaporators.
Salt
and
lime
scale
from
the
seawater
reduce
heat
transfer
and
constrict
water
flow.
Problem:
The
ships
were
experiencing
increased
energy
cost
to
operate
the
evaporators,
and
output
of
fresh
water
was
reduced.
Also,
the
company
was
using
a
lot
of
chemicals
to
try
to
keep
the
evaporator
clean.
Solution:
A
1-inch
high
capacity
&
1.25
inch
high
capacity
Pursanova
Disk
Disk
was
fitted
on
the
cold
water
supply
to
the
evaporator
and
one
on
the
supply
to
the
water
clarifier.
Results:
After
only
12
weeks
of
operation
the
ship
experienced
an
increase
in
fresh
water
production.
When
engineers
opened
the
evaporation
chamber
inspection
cover,
the
results
were
amazing.
Evaporator
12
weeks
after
Evaporator
befre
installation
of
installation
Pursanova
Disk
Comments:
The
Disk
was
purchased
and
to
our
knowledge
the
components
have
not
been
replaced
due
to
scale
buildup.
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
29/33
(4)
Fit
the
Pursanova
Disk
according
to
the
Installation
Guidelines.
(5)
Wrap
another
5
to
6
layers
of
plastic
shrink
wrap
around
the
Pursanova
Disk
and
the
pipe
to
protect
it.
The
purpose
is
to
protect
the
Pursanova
Disk
against
impacts
and
corrosive
moisture.
See
the
photos
on
the
next
page
for
an
example
of
an
installation
on
a
large
pipe.
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
30/33
(6)
Tighten
one
or
two
strong
tie-wraps
on
each
side
of
the
Disk
to
hold
it
in
place
and
to
reinforce
the
sealing
tape.
This
Installation
protects
the
PURSANOVA
Disk
against
externals,
like
splash
water,
dirt,
dust
or
rain.
But
this
has
to
be
done
securely
so
no
condensate
is
allowed
underneath
the
cover.
(7)
If
the
Pursanova
Disk
is
installed
outside,
open
to
the
weather,
add
a
second
protection
layer
which
will
be
completely
watertight
and
resist
degradation
from
sunlight.
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
31/33
2015 The Copyright to this document is owned by Pursanova Ltd., Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced.
32/33
Pursanova
Disk
2015
The
Copyright
to
this
document
is
owned
by
Pursanova
Ltd.,
Inc.
No
part
of
this
document
may
be
reproduced.
33/33