Final Examination

ORTD 323
Thursday, June 7, 2001
Name ______________________________________
Social Security Number __________________________
1. Students must sit in the seat that has been assigned.
2. PRINT your name and social security number in the space provided on the QUESTION
BOOKLET
PRINT your name and social security number in the space provided on the ANSWER SHEET.
3. The entire question booklet must be handed in at the end of the test.
4. This examination consists of multiple choice questio ns. The correct answer is the best answer
from among those provided.
5. Mark the correct answer only on the answer sheet. Do not write answers in the margin of the
test booklet.
This booklet contains 10 pages and 45 questions.

PLEASE NOTE: The proctors will not answer any questions during this
examination.

The following two questions refer to the series of diagrams below:

1. The moment to force ratio that results in controlled tipping?

a) Diagram A
*b) Diagram B
c) Diagram C
d) Diagram D
2. The moment to force ratio that results in bodily movement?
a) Diagram A
b) Diagram B
*c) Diagram C
d) Diagram D
3. Ideally, a malocclusion should be treated between the ages of :
a) 5 and 8 years
b) 8 and 10 years
c) 10 and 12 years
*d) None of the abovethe age should depend on the problem involved
4. One of the greatest advantages to using extraoral anchorage is that:
a) more force can be applied
b) it has a direct reciprocal action on the opposing arch
*c) it permits posterior movement of teeth in one arch without adversely disturbing the opposite
arch
d) patients enjoy wearing the device as much as possible
5. The second molar is located in the ramus of the mandible of a 6 year old patient. When the
patient reaches 12, the second molar is located in the body of the mandible. The body of the
mandible increased in length to accommodate the second molar by:
a) apposition of bone in the condyle
*b) resorption of bone along the anterior surface of the ramus and apposition of bone on the
posterior surface of the ramus
c) apposition of bone on the alveolar margin and the lower surface of the body of the mandible
d) apposition of bone at the symphysis and the posterior surface of the ramus of the mandible
6. Superimposition in longitudinal cephalometric studies is generally on a reference plane and a
registration point. This best demonstrates the growth of:
a) plane and point
*b) structures farthest from plane and point
c) structures nearest to plane and point
d) none of the above

7. The sum of the widths of primary first and second molars is generally:
a) the same as that of permanent successors
*b) 1-2 mm greater than that of permanent successors
c) 1-2mm less than that of permanent successors
d) not related to that of permanent successors
8. Anterior crossbite in the primary dentition usually indicates a developing:
a) Class I malocclusion
b) Class II malocclusion
*c) Class III malocclusion
d) none of the above
9. A mixed dentition analysis determines:
a) intercanine width
*b) space available vs space required
c) discrepancies in jaw size
d) size of permanent incisors
10. The undesirable side-effect most commonly associated with use of a buccal coil spring to
regain space for a mandibular second premolar is:
a) pain
b) gingival irritation
c) severe mobility of the tooth
*d) tendency for the first premolar to rotate
11. Slow progress in molar uprighting in an adult patient is usually due to:
a) overextended bands
b) an overcontoured spring
c) lack of anchorage control
*d) the occlusion not being relieved
12. The approximate age range for calcification of the fibrous tissue at the mandibular symphysis
in humans is:
a) 20th to 30th weeks in utero
*b) 6-18 months
c) 1.5 to 2.5 years
d) 2.5 to 5 years

13. When an uncontrolled tipping force is applied to the crown of a single-rooted tooth, the
fulcrum is usually located:
a) at the apex
b) at the cervical line
c) 5mm beyond the apex
*d) 1/3 of the root length from the apex
14. Bone tissue grows by:
*a) appositional growth
b) interstitial growth
c) osteoclastic activity
d) proliferation of mesenchymal tissue
15. When a loop is placed in a wire segment between two brackets, the range of action:
*a) increases
b) decreases
c) remains the same
d) loops do not affect the range of action
16. In determining a patients skeletal pattern, the most important factor is:
a) diet
b) habits
*c) heredity
d) dental occlusion
17. A corrected anterior crossbite is best retained by:
a) overcorrection
*b) normal incisor relation
c) placing a Hawley retainer
d) placing an acrylic palatal appliance with no facial arch wire
18. To be effective in moving the roots of teeth, an orthodontic appliance must be:
a) very gentle in action
b) augmented with extraoral force
*c) capable of exerting a torque or moment on the teeth
d) capable of exterting positive, intermittent forces

19. Loops and helices are used in arch wires primarily to:
a) align teeth
b) increase force of the wire
*c) increase flexibility of the wires
d) hold soft tissues away from orthodontic brackets
20. How does mandibular growth in boys ordinarily compare with that in girls?
a) Is sustained over a longer period of time in girls
*b) Is sustained over a longer period of time in boys
c) Occurs at the same chronologic age in both sexes
d) Occurs two years earlier in boys than in girls
21. The cranial vault increases rapidly in size the first few years postnatally and completes
approximately 90% of its growth by 6 years of age. This growth is typical of which of the
following types of tissues?
*a) Neural
b) Dental
c) Genital
d) Lymphoid
22. Headgear should NOT be prescribed in which of the following situations?
a) facial asymmetry is severe
b) the mandibular plane angle is high
*c) There is no chance that the headgear will be worn
d) Posterior movement of mandibular teeth is necessary
23. Theoretical options available to manage Class II malocclusions with all teeth present include
all of the following EXCEPT:
a) extraction of two maxillary teeth and retention of Class II molars
*b) extraction of two mandibular teeth and retention of Class II molars
c) extraction of two teeth in each the maxillary and mandibular jaws and conversion to a Class I
molar relation
d) no extractions and conversion to a Class I molar relation
24. The major etiologic factor responsible for Class II malocclusion is:
a) sleeping habits
*b) growth discrepancy
c) thumb and tongue habits
d) tooth-to-jaw size discrepancy

25. The optimal time to employ an orthodontic appliance that takes advantage of growth is
during:
a) late primary dentition
b) early mixed dentition
*c) late mixed dentition
d) early permanent dentition
26. Which of the following is related to occipital anchorage?
a) Intra-oral force
b) Tipping a tooth
*c) Extra-oral force
d) Bodily movement of a tooth
27. A lip bumber is an appliance that:
a) moves molars mesially
b) is worn only at night
c) helps increase overbite
*d) permits some spontaneous expansion
28. An ankylosed tooth:
a) is excessively mobile and should not be moved
b) cannot be extracted
c) has such poor quality enamel that bonding a bracket is not possible
*d) will not move when force is applied to it
29. Cartilage differs from bone in that cartilage increases in size by:
a) apposition
b) sutural growth
*c) interstitial growth
d) endosteal remodeling
30. The most pertinent information gained from serial cephalometric head films is:
a) ultimate growth potential
b) incidence of dental anomalies
*c) amount and direction of growth
d) sequence of eruption of permanent teeth

31. What is the relationship between growth curves for lymphoid tissues (tonsils, neck nodes,
adenoids) and sexual cha racteristics?
a) Both curves slope upward in parallel form
b) Lymph tissues grow more slowly than genital tissues
c) Lymph tissues stop growing when genital tissues begin growing
*d) Lymph tissues regress as genital tissues develop
32. A headgear can serve to improve a Class II malocclusion by:
a) redirecting maxillary growth
b) stimulating mandibular growth
c) positioning maxillary teeth distally in the maxilla
*d) both a and care correct
33. There is a differential between girls and boys with respect to the age at which the growth
velocity reaches its peak. That difference is:
a. boys 6 months ahead of girls
b. girls 6 months ahead of boys
c. girls one year ahead of boys
*d. girls 2 years ahead of boys
34. Which of the following movements is easiest to accomplish?
a. tipping molars distally
*b. tipping incisors mesially
c. intruding anterior teeth
d. bodily moving incisors
35. An 18 year old patient has a 10mm incisor vertical overlap, a 14mm horizontal overlap, an
ANB angle of 11, and a facial appearance of mandibular retrusion. All teeth are present, and
3mm of crowding is evident in the mandibular arch. Which of the following is required for
successful correction of the problem?
*a. treatment with combined surgical-orthodontic therapy
b. treatment with combined orthodontic-orthopedic therapy
c. comprehensive orthodontic treatment for at least two years
d. good patient cooperation with a functional orthodontic appliance

36. Rank the following permanent teeth according to their ability to provide anchorage
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Maxillary central incisor

Maxillary canine
Maxillary first molar
Mandibular incisor

a. 2,3,1,4
*b. 3,2,1,4
c. 3,2,4,1
d. 4,1,2,3
37. Which of the following may be observed after opening a midpalatal suture?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Diastema between central incisors

Dehiscence of the palatal mucosa
Expansion of the nasal floor
Decrease in airway space

a. (1) and (2)

*b. (1) and (3)
c. (1) and (4)
d. (2) and (3)
38. Crowding that occurs with mandibular incisors after age 18 is most often the result of:
a. orthodontic relapse
b. periodontal disease
c. impacted third molars
*d. a physiologic maturational change
39.A maxillary central incisor erupting in a lingually directed path should be
*a. corrected before it reaches the occlusal plane
b. allowed to erupt until all incisors can be banded
c. allowed to erupt into crossbite and then corrected
d. ignored because pressures of the tongue will correct it as it erupts

40. A patients chin and mandible deviate to the right upon opening. Which of the following is a
possible cause?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Hyperplasia of the right condyle

Hyperplasia of the left condyle
Ankylosis of the right condyle
Ankylosis of the left condyle

a. (1) or (3)
b. (1) or (4)
*c. (2) or (3)
d. (2) or (4)
41. A mandibular lingual arch appliance used to maintain space should be designed to contact
the:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

lingual aspect of most teeth in its arch

lowest aspect of the cingula of anterior teeth
incisal third of the lingual surface of anterior teeth
inclined plane of the cingula of anterior teeth

*a. (1) and (2)

b. (1) and (3)
c. (1) and (4)
d. (2) and (3)
42. Primate spaces in the primary dentition are observed between:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

maxillary canines and first molars

maxillary canines and lateral incisors
mandibular canines and first molars
mandibular canines and lateral incisors

a. (1) and (3)

b. (1) and (4)
*c. (2) and (3)
d. (2) and (4)

The following two questions refer to the diagram above:

43. What does Angle C represent?
a) Cranial Base Angle
b) Angle of Convexity
c) Facial Angle
*d) Y-axis
44. Angle A is formed by Frankfurt-Horizontal and which other measurement?
a) Upper incisor to gonion plane
*b) The occlusal plane
c) The incisor to menton plane
d) The incisal plane
45. Which of the following surgical procedures can be used to improve a retrognathic profile?
a) Maxillary impaction
b) Sliding genioplasty
c) Mandibular advancement
*d) All of the above

10