FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY

FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE

APPLIED STATISTICS

COURSE CODE

BUM2413IBSU1023/BCT20531BPF3313/
BKU20321BAM3022/BMM2122

LECTURER

ROSLINAZAIRIMAH BINTI ZAKARIA

MOHD RASHID BIN AB HAMID
NOR HAFIZAH BINTI MOSLIM
NOR AZILA BINTI CHE MUSA
NOOR FADHILAH BINTI AHMAD RADI
FARAHANIM BINTI MISNI

DATE

2 JANUARY 2013

DURATION

3 HOURS

SESSION/SEMESTER :

SESSION 2012/2013 SEMESTER I

PROGRAMME CODE :

BSB/BSK/BAAJBAEIBCNIBCGIBCSIBPP/
BPTIBPSIBFFIBFMJBKCIBKG/BKB/BMM/
BMI/BMBIBMF/BMA/BEE/BEP/BEC

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1.
2.
3.
4.

This question paper consists of EIGHT (8) questions. Answer all questions.
All answers to a new question should start on a new page.
All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated.
Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by
the invigilator into the examination room.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS:
1.
2.

Statistical Table
Scientific Calculator

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of TWELVE (12) printed pages including front page.

BSB[BSKIBAAIBAEIBCN/BCGIBCS/BPPIBPTIBPSIBFF/BFMI
BKCKGKBIBMMIBMI[BMBIBMFIBMAIBEEIBEP/BEC/
12131 BUM2413JBSUlO23/BCT2O53/BPF33l3fBKU2032fBAM30221IMM2lZ2

CONFIDENTIAL

QUESTION 1
Define the terms statistic and parameter.
(2 Marks)

QUESTION 2
The breaking strength of hockey stick shafts (in Newtons) made of two different
graphite-Keviar composites are given in Table 1.
Table 1: Breaking strength of hockey stick shafts
Composite A

487.3

444.5

467.7

456.3

449.7

459.2

478.9

461.5

477.2

488.5

501.2

475.3

467.2

462.5

499.7

470.0

469.5

481.5

485.2

509.3

479.3

478.0

Composite B

(a)

Find the sample means and variances for the data above.
(4 Marks)

(b)

Find a 99% confidence interval for the standard deviation of the breaking strength
for Composite A.
(5 Marks)

(c)

Determine whether the variability of breaking strength for composite A is not

more than composite B at 0.01 level of significance.
(7 Marks)

CONFIDENTIAL

BSBIBSKBAA/BAE/BCN/BCG/BCSIBPPIBPT/BPSIBFFIBFMJ
BKCIBKGIBKB1BMMIBMIIBMBIBMFIBMAIBEEIBEPIBEC/
1213I/BUM2413fBSU1O23fBCT2O53fBPF33131BKU2032/BAM3022MM2l22

QUESTION 3
A study is conducted to compare the efficacy of medicine X to treat major depression.
200 outpatients were involved in the study that had been diagnosed with major
depression. The patients were equally assigned to two groups randomly. One of the
groups received the treatment with medicine X, and the other group received placebo (no
treatment). After eight weeks, 19 of the placebo-treated patients showed improvement,
whereas 27 of those treated with medicine X had improved.

(a)

Construct 94% confidence interval for the population proportion of medicine X.

(5 Marks)

(b)

Based on the information given, is there any evidence to believe that medicine X
has no effect in treating major depression at a 0.05?
(9 Marks)

'I

BSB/BSKIBAAIBAE/BCNIBCG[BCSIBPPIBPTIBPS/BFFIBFW
BKC/BKG/BMMTBMIJBMBIBMFIBMA1BEEIBEPIBEC/
121311BUM24131BSU1023/BCT20531BPF33131BKU2032/BAM30221BMM2122

CONFIDENTIAL

QUESTION 4
Table 2 gives the results of an experiment for niacin-contents in peeled and processed
peas. There are three process of granulations (A, B and C) and two kinds of preparations
(Ri and R2) involved in the experiment.
Table 2: Niacin-contents
Granulations
Preparations

(a)

Ri

190 171

150 136

146 172

R2

107 115

135 138

97 112

How many factor(s) involved in this experiment? State the factor(s).

(2 Marks)

(b)

Given SSA(Preparation) = 5676.75, SSB(Granulation) = 394.6667,

SSAB = 2166.0000 and MSE = 127.5833, construct and complete the ANOVA

table. Show all the necessary calculations.

(12 Marks)

(c)

Is there any interaction effect in niacin-contents between preparations and

granulation processes at 5% level of significance?
(5 Marks)

CONFIDENTIAL

BSBSAAAEIBCN/BCG/BCSIBPPIBPTIBPSJBFFIBFMJ
BKCKGKB/BMMIBMIIBMBIBMF1BMAJBEEIBEPIBEC/
12131/BUM2413JBSUIO23/BCT2053/BPF33131BKU20321BAM3022/BMM2122

QUESTION 5
A study is conducted to investigate the relationship between blood pressure rise and
sound pressure level. The data of the study are given in Table 3.
Table 3: Blood and sound pressure levels
Blood pressure rise
(mmHg)
Sound pressure level
(dB)
(a)

60

63

65

70

70

80

90

80

Identify the independent and dependent variables.

(1 Mark)

(b)

Calculate the value of correlation coefficient and interpret its value.

(9 Marks)

(c)

Estimate the regression coefficients and hence write the equation of the estimated
regression line.
(5 Marks)

(d)

Find the predicted mean rise in blood pressure level associated with a sound
pressure level of 100 decibels.
(1 Mark)

BSBIBSK/BAA/BAEIBCN/BCG/BCS/BPPIBPTIBPSIBFFIBFMI
BKCIBKGIBKBIBMMIBMI/BMBIBMFIBMAIBEEIBEP/BEC/
1213I1BUM2413IBSU1O23/BCT20531BPF33131BKU20321BAM30221BMM2122

CONFIDENTIAL

QUESTION 6
A study is conducted to investigate the factors that influence the level of mercury
contamination in 25 different lakes. Water samples were collected from the surface of the
middle of each lake. The alkalinity, pH level, the amount of calcium (mg/1) and
chlorophyll (mg/1) were measured in each sample. Then, a multiple regression analysis is
conducted to identify the factors that significantly influence the mercury level as shown
in the Excel output below.
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
0.72157
Multiple R
0.52067
RSquare
0.42480
Adjusted R Square
0.29177
Standard Error
25
Observations
ANOVA
SS

df
4
20
24

Regression
Residual
Total

Intercept
Alkalinity
PH
Calcium
Chlorophyll

Significance F
F
MS
0.0040
1.8495 0.4624 5.4312
1.7026 0.0851
3.5521

Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0%
- 2.3399
0.2731
23399
0.2731
0.4954 2.6373 0.0158
1.3065
0.0097
-0.0133
0.0097
-0.0133
0.0055,-0.3302 0.7447
-0.0018
0.1001,
-0.2581
0.1001
-0.2581
0.0858 -0.9202 0.3684,
-0.0790
0.0121
-0.0143
0.0121
-0.0143
0.0063 -0.1687. 0.8677
-0.0011
0.0050
-0.0116
0.0050
-0.0116
0.0040 -0.8388 1 0.4115
-0.0033

Based on the given Excel output of the multiple regression analysis, answer the
following:

(a)

What is the different between correlation coefficient and coefficient of

determination?
(2 Marks)

(b)

Write the regression equation.

(3 Marks)

n.

BSBIBSKIBAAIBAEIBCN/BCG/BCSIBPPIBPTIBPSIBFFIBFW
BKC/BKGIBKBIBMMIBMI/BMB/BMFIBMAIBEEIBEP[BEC/
121311BUM24131BSU1023/BCT2053/BPF33131BKU2032/BAM30221BMM2122

CONFIDENTIAL

(c)

Interpret the calcium coefficient in the regression equation.

(2 Marks)

(d)

Predict the level of mercury contamination when alkalinity and pH level are both
at level 2 while 10 mg/l of calcium and 5 mg/l of chlorophyll are measured.
(3 Marks)

(e)

Test the hypothesis for the regression model based on the given ANOVA table at
5%

significance level.
(4 Marks)

QUESTION 7
According to the statistics of the Department of Transportation, the arrival performance
by the airlines is shown in Table 4.
Table 4: Percentage of arrival performance
Percentage of Time

Arrival Performance
On-time arrival

71

Delayed

Behind the schedule (late arrival)

[Other (because of weather and other condition)

12

A sample of 200 flights for a major airline company showed that 125 planes arrived
on-time, 10 were delayed, 25 were behind the schedule and the remainder are due to
other reasons. At a = 0.001, do the results differ from the statistics of the Department of
Transportation?
(8 Marks)

BSB/BSK/BAAIBAE/BCN/BCGIBCSIBPP/BPTIBPSIBFFIBFM/
BKCIBKGIBKB/BMMIBMIIBMB/BMF/BMAIBEEIBEP/BEC/
121311BUM24131BSU10231BCT20531BPF33131BKU2032111AM30221BM M2 122

CONFIDENTIAL

QUESTION 8
The sugar concentrations in apple juice measured at 20' C were reported in an article of
Food Testing & Analysis for 50 readings in the frequency distribution table below.

Table 5: Frequency distribution of sugar concentration

Class interval
(sugar concentration) I
Observed frequency

1.0-1.2

1.3-1.5

1.6-1.8

1.9-2.1

15

15

10

I
10

At 2.5% level of significance, is there any evidence to support the assumption that the
sugar concentration is normally distributed when 1u = 1.5 and o = 0.5?
(11 Marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

1
I

BSBIBSKIBAAIBAEBCN/BCGIBCSIBPPIBPTIBPSIBFF/BFM/
BKCIBKG/BKBIBMMIBMIIBMBIBMFIBMAIBEEIBEPIBEC/
l213IJBUM24I3IBSUIO231BCT2O53/BPF33l3fBKU2O32/BAM3022MMfl22

CONFIDENTIAL

Appendix - Table Of Formulas

Confidence Intervals, Sample Sizes and Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis testing for p.

Confidence intervals for p

XZai27= , X+Z7=J
- Z
-

,X+

X -

/[

___

Ziest

Ztest

rJ

Xf1

L\X_ta/2v_I=
, X+t1
sjfl

test

ijfl)

v=n-1

where

p-

Hypothesis testing for

Confidence intervals for A -

_(-2)-0
X-1

22

Ziest -

(Yi- X2 ) Za/2
+

For a ^

For a ^ cry:
f
(
I

For a ^

(x

Ztest

2\
12
1S 1
I
_X2 )Zai2!_+1 I
vni fl2)

12

'2

Vi

^
For U12

a:

_(i-2)-u0

____
(

_(-2)o

X2 ) tai2 v

I ( x1
L

test

12
Is1

V2i

2\2

S2

4J+

fl2)

Vhhi

Is1

2'\2

L
1+l
where

flJ

2
S1

2 1

n1 -1

n2-1

where v

12

n)
n1-1

y2
2

n2-1

BSB/BSKIBAA/BAEBCNIBCG/BCSIBPPIBPTIBPS/BFFIBFM/
BKCIBKGIBKBIBMMIBMIIBMBIBMFIBMAIBEEIBEPIBEC/
I213IIBUM24i3IBSUlO23fBCT2O53IBPF3313fBKU2O32IBAM3O221BMi22

CONFIDENTIAL

For o =or 2

Forcr =o:

(-)--,u
Zte

2)Zai2

fl

+ -1-2 ]

pn1

For a = U2:

For o- =

_(-2),uo

__
-)c,2

where

ttest -

SP\/__+_

V = fl + fl 2

, 1

'n1

v =

where

fl

+ n2 2

Pooled estimator, s
- f(n-1)s+(n2-1)s
n+n2-2

Hypothesis Testing for

Confidence Interval for PD

PD

XD -9
T' XD + Za//2Jn
XD PD

(XD_Za/7,XD+Za/TJ

test
SD

[ XD

- ta/,,..1

7=,

where v=n-1

I'Fn

X + t/,,1

Hypothesis testing for ;r

Confidence intervals for ,r

Ztest=ff0)

p+ai2(1

J
Hypothesis testing for if1 - if2

Confidence intervals for ir, If ifo

(p1_p2)r0

O, Ztest

K2

[(Pi_P)Za/2if1(1_if1)+ff2(1_if2)

If

if

0,

Ztest

FPP
where pp=

10

7C2

+ x2

(l)[-+_J

BSBBSKIBAAIBAE/BCN/BCGBCSIBPPBPTIBPSIBFF/BFMJ
BKC/BKGIBKBIBMMIBMIJBMBIBMFJBMA/BEEIBEPIBEC/
I213IJBUM2413fBSU1O23IBCT2O53fBPF33l3IBKU2O32IBAM3O22MMfl22

CONFIDENTIAL

Hypothesis testing for 0.2

Confidence intervals for a 2

(n _1)S2
1 ) s2
1(
%a,v

Z1a/2,v

(n1)s2
2

0.0

v=n-1

where

Hypothesis testing for

Confidence intervals for

0.2

0.2

S12

1
'

22
2

S 2 far,vi ,v,

where
faI2,v 2

V1

v1 = n 1
V2

Jest -

2
S2

Sample sizes
[Zai2OJ

n=p(l_p)(J

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

Two-way ANOVA

One-way ANOVA
SST

=xk_+ x.2

ar

1=1 j=l k=1

SST =

x2
'

x2

N"

SSA =

br

f 2
'" abr

x2 -

ar

r11j1

SSE = SST - SSA - SSB - SSAB

SSE = SST - SS(Tr)

Goodness of Fit Test and Contingency Tables

Test using Contingency Tables

Goodness of Fit Test

E. =

n.'

xn.

k(QE)2

Ej

Zt2est

Free distribution DoF; v = ki

Hypothesized distribution DoF; v = k -

11

%I
''

where v = (r - 1)(c 1)

BSB/BSKIBAAIBAEIBCNJBCGJBCS/BPPJBPTIBPS!BFF1BFM/
BKC/BKGIBKBIBMMIBMIIBMBIBMF[BMAIBEEIBEPIBEC/
121311BUM2413/BSUIO23IBCT2O53JBPF3313[BKU2032/BAM30221BMM2122

CONFIDENTIAL

Simple Linear Regression and Correlation

Simple Linear Regression and Correlation
r=

(XI)(YIJ

.JSXS)Y

I
Sx ''

SYY

1=1

fl

1=1

Regression line equation: 5' = A + /x

where

and

/3j =

fl =j7 -

Hypothesis Testing for Slope,

Hypothesis Testing for Intercept, flo

fl1=0

fl0 =0
t.

[J2

Xi

_I,81=

_A-1s
0
-

s.e(flo)MS

1+

t.

s.e(/)

S)

r
MSR- 1

vn-2

v=n-2
Sum_of Squares___Regression,_

Mean Square Residual, MS ReS

SSR

MS

SSR=/3ISXY

12

Res_L _n-2