UNIT 2

BEE
1

SET-

PARTA
1. Derive the induced e.m.f equation of a D.C. Generator.
2. Discuss about various types of D.C generators.
3. Explain the construction and operating principle of DC machine
4. Explain the load characteristics of DC series generator and mention its applications?
5. Explain the Load characteristics of DC shunt generator.
6. A 4 pole lap wound D. C. shunt generator has a useful flux per pole of 0.07 wb. The armature winding
consists of 220-turns each of 0.004 resistance. Calculate the terminal voltage when running at 900 rpm
if the armature current is 50A.

PART B
load
1.In D.C. generators the pole shoes are
fastened to the pole core by
rivets
counter sunk screws
brazing

voltage
speed and voltage
ANSWER : : load
Explanation :

welding

3.In lap winding, the number of

brushes is always

ANSWER : : counter sunk screws

double the number of poles

Explanation :

same as the number of poles

2.Iron losses in a D.C. machine are

independent of variations in

half the number of poles

speed

two
ANSWER : : same as the number of

poles
Explanation :
4.The armature of D.C. generator is
laminated to
reduce the bulk

ANSWER : : copper
Explanation :

8.In case of D.C. machines, mechanical losses are

primary function of

provide the bulk

insulate the core
reduce eddy current loss

current
voltage
speed
none of above

ANSWER : : reduce eddy current

loss

ANSWER : : speed

Explanation :

Explanation :

5.The resistance of armature winding

depends on
length of conductor
cross-sectional area of the conductor
number of conductors
all of the above
ANSWER : : all of the above

9.A separately excited generator as compared to a selfexcited generator

is amenable to better voltage con-trol
is more stable
has exciting current independent of load current
has all above features
ANSWER : : has all above features

Explanation :

Explanation :

6.Which of the following could be lamina-proximately

the thickness of lamina-tions of a D.C. machine ?

10.The commutator segments are connected to the

armature conductors by means of

0.005 mm
0.05 mm
0.5 m
5m

copper lugs
resistance wires
insulation pads
brazing

ANSWER : : 0.5 m

ANSWER : : copper lugs

Explanation :
11.Brushes of D.C. machines are made of
7.The field coils of D.C. generator are usually made of
mica
copper
cast iron
carbon

carbon
soft copper
hard copper
all of above
ANSWER : : carbon

16
32
Explanation :

ANSWER : : 8

12.The bearings used to support the rotor shafts are

generally

16.In D.C. generators, current to the external circuit

from armature is given through

ball bearings
bush bearings
magnetic bearmgs
needle bearings

commutator
solid connection
slip rings
none of above

ANSWER : : ball bearings

ANSWER : : commutator

Explanation :

Explanation :

13.For a D.C. generator when the number of poles and

the number of armature conductors is fixed, then which
winding will give the higher e.m.f. ?

17.In a commutator

Lap winding
Wave winding
Either of (a) and (b) above
Depends on other features of design
ANSWER : : Wave winding

copper is harder than mica

mica and copper are equally hard
mica is harder than copper
none of the above
ANSWER : : mica is harder than copper
Explanation :

Explanation :
18.If B is the flux density, I the length of conductor and v
the velocity of conductor, then induced e.m.f. is given by
14.In D.C. generators, the cause of rapid brush wear
may be
severe sparking
rough commutator surface
imperfect contact
any of the above
ANSWER : : any of the above

Blv
Blv2
Bl2v
Bl2v2
ANSWER : : Blv
Explanation :

Explanation :
19.The material for commutator brushes is generally
15.In case of a 4-pole D.C. generator provided with a two
layer lap winding with sixteen coils, the pole pitch will be
4
8

mica
copper
cast iron
carbon

the lines of flux

ANSWER : : carbon
Explanation :

ANSWER : : direction of motion of conductor, if

forefinger points along the lines of flux
Explanation :

20.Copper brushes in D.C. machine are used

where low voltage and high currents are involved
where high voltage and small cur-rents are involved
in both of the above cases
in none of the above cases
ANSWER : : where low voltage and high currents are
involved

21.In a four-pole D.C. machine

24.Fleming's right-hand rule regarding direction of

induced e.m.f., correlates
magnetic flux, direction of current flow and resultant force
magnetic flux, direction of motion and the direction of
e.m.f. induced
magnetic field strength, induced voltage and current
magnetic flux, direction of force and direction of motion of
conductor
ANSWER : : magnetic flux, direction of motion and the
direction of e.m.f. induced

all the four poles are north poles

alternate poles are north and south
all the four poles are south poles
two north poles follow two south poles
ANSWER : : alternate poles are north and south

25.If brushes of a D.C. generator are moved in order to

bring these brushes in magnetic neutral axis, there will
be

Explanation :

22.According to Fleming's right-hand rule for finding

the direction of induced e.m.f., when middle finger
points in the direction of induced e.m.f., forefinger will
point in the direction of
motion of conductor
lines of force
either of the above
none of the above

demagnetisation only
cross magnetisation as well as magnetisation
crossmagnetisation as well as demagnetising
cross magnetisation only
ANSWER : : crossmagnetisation as well as
demagnetising
Explanation :

26.Armature reaction of an unsaturated D.C. machine is

ANSWER : : lines of force
Explanation :

23.While applying Fleming's right-hand rule to And the

direction of induced e.m.f., the thumb points towards
direction of induced e.m.f.
direction of flux
direction of motion of the conductor if forefinger points in
the direction of generated e.m.f.
direction of motion of conductor, if forefinger points along

crossmagnetising
demagnetising
magnetising
none of above
ANSWER : : crossmagnetising
Explanation :

27.In the case of lap winding resultant pitch is

D.C. supply will be suitable

multiplication of front and back pitches
division of front pitch by back pitch
sum of front and back pitches
difference of front and back pitches

rotary converter
mercury are rectifier
induction motor D.C. generator set
synchronous motor D.C. generator set

ANSWER : : difference of front and back pitches

ANSWER : : induction motor D.C. generator set

Explanation :

Explanation :

28.Welding generator will have

32The number of brushes in a commutator depends on

lap winding
wave winding
delta winding
duplex wave winding

speed of armature
type of winding
voltage
amount of current to be collected

ANSWER : : lap winding

ANSWER : : amount of current to be collected

Explanation :

Explanation :

29.The armature core of a D.C. generator is usually

made of

33.Which of the following statement about D.C.

generators is false ?

silicon steel
copper
non-ferrous material
cast-iron

Compensating winding in a D.C. machine helps in

commutation
In a D. C. generator interpoles winding is connected in
series with the armature winding
Back pitch and front pitch are both odd and approximately
equal to the pole pitch
Equilizing bus bars are used with parallel running of D.C.
shunt generators

ANSWER : : silicon steel

30.The voltage drop for which of the following types of

brush can be expected to be least ?

ANSWER : : Equilizing bus bars are used with parallel

running of D.C. shunt generators

Graphite brushes
Carbon brushes
Metal graphite brushes
None of the above

Explanation :

34.The demagnetising component of armature reaction

in a D.C. generator

ANSWER : : Metal graphite brushes

Explanation :

31.For a D.C. machines laboratory following type of

reduces generator e.m.f.

increases armature speed
reduces interpoles flux density
results in sparking trouble
ANSWER : : reduces generator e.m.f.

ANSWER : : to discharge all the above functions

Explanation :
35.The e.m.f. generated by a shunt wound D.C.
generator isE. Now while pole flux remains constant, if
the speed of the generator is doubled, the e.m.f.
generated will be
E/2
2E
slightly less than E
E
ANSWER : : 2E
Explanation :

39.Equilizer rings are required in case armature is

wave wound
lap wound
delta wound
duplex wound
ANSWER : : lap wound

40.D.C. generators are connected to the busbars or

disconnected from them only under the floating
condition

36.In D.C. generators, lap winding is used for

high voltage, high current
low voltage, high current
high voltage, low current
low voltage, low current

to avoid sudden loading of the primemover

to avoid mechanicaljerk to the shaft
to avoid burning of switch contacts
all above
ANSWER : : all above

ANSWER : : low voltage, high current

Explanation :

37.In D.C. generators, the brushes on commutator

remain in contact with conductors which
lie under south pole
lie under north pole
lie under interpolar region
are farthest from the poles
ANSWER : : lie under interpolar region
Explanation :

38.The function of pole shoes in the case of D.C. machine

is
to reduce the reluctance of the magnetic path
to spread out the flux to achieve uniform flux density
to support the field coil
to discharge all the above functions

BEE
2

SET-

PARTA
1.ExplaintheLoadcharacteristicsofDCshuntandcompoundgenerators.
2.Derivethee.m.fequationofaDCmachine.
3.ExplainthefunctionofcommutatorinaDCgenerator
4.Derivethee.m.fequationofaD.CGeneratoranddiscussthefactorsaffectingthegeneratede.m.f?
5.DrawaneatsketchofaDCgeneratorandexplainthefunctionofeachpart.
6.Explainwhytheexternalcharacteristicofadcshuntgeneratorismoredroopingthanthatof
aseparatelyexcitedgenerator.

PARTB

41.Magnetic field in a D.C. generator is produced by

Explanation :

electromagnets
permanent magnets
both (a) and (b)
none of the above

42.In a D.C. generator the ripples in the direct e.m.f.

generated are reduced by

ANSWER : : electromagnets

using conductor of annealed copper

using commutator with large number of segments
using carbon brushes of superior quality

using equiliser rings

Equilizer rings

ANSWER : : using carbon brushes of superior quality

ANSWER : : Commutator

Explanation :

Explanation :

43.In case of D.C. machine winding, number of

commutator segments is equal to

47.Two generators A and B have 6-poles each. Generator

A has wave wound armature while generator B has lap
wound armature. The ratio of the induced e.m.f. is
generator A and B will be

number of armature coils

number of armature coil sides
number of armature conductors
number of armature turns
ANSWER : : number of armature coils
Explanation :

2:3
3:1
3:2
1:3
ANSWER : : 3 : 1
Explanation :

44.A D.C. welding generator has

lap winding
wave moving
duplex winding
any of the above
ANSWER : : lap winding

45.Compensating windings are used in D.C. generators

mainly to reduce the eddy currents by providing local shortcircuits
to provide path for the circulation of cooling air
to neutralise the cross-magnetising effect of the armature
reaction
none of the above
ANSWER : : to neutralise the cross-magnetising effect of
the armature reaction
Explanation :

46.Which of the following components of a D.C,

generator plays vital role for providing direct current of
a D.C. generator ?
Dummy coils
Commutator
Eye bolt

48.Eddy currents are induced in the pole shoes of a D.C.

machine due to
oscillating magnetic field
pulsating magnetic flux
relative rotation between field and armature
all above
ANSWER : : relative rotation between field and
armature

49.If a D.C. generator fails to build up the probable

cause could not be
imperfect brush contact
field resistance less than the critical resistance
no residual magnetism in the generator
faulty shunt connections tending to reduce the residual
magnetism
ANSWER : : field resistance less than the critical
resistance
Explanation :

50.Permeance is the reciprocal of

flux density

reluctance
ampere-turns
resistance

ANSWER : : there is no load on the generator

ANSWER : : reluctance

1.In D.C. generators the pole shoes are

fastened to the pole core by

Explanation :

rivets
counter sunk screws

51.In a D.C. generator the number of mechanical

degrees and electrical degrees will be the same when

brazing
welding

r.p.m. is more than 300

r.p.m. is less than 300
number of poles is 4
number of poles is 2

ANSWER : : counter sunk screws

Explanation :

ANSWER : : number of poles is 2

2.Iron losses in a D.C. machine are

independent of variations in

Explanation :

speed
load

52.The purpose of providing dummy coils in a generator

is
to reduce eddy current losses
to enhance flux density
to amplify voltage
to provide mechanical balance for the rotor
ANSWER : : to provide mechanical balance for the rotor
Explanation :

voltage
speed and voltage
ANSWER : : load
Explanation :
3.In lap winding, the number of
brushes is always
double the number of poles
same as the number of poles

60.In a D.C. generator the magnetic neutral axis

coincides with the geometrical neutral axis, when
there is no load on the generator
the generator runs on full load
the generator runs on overload
the generator runs on designed speed

half the number of poles

two
ANSWER : : same as the number of
poles
Explanation :
4.The armature of D.C. generator is
laminated to
reduce the bulk
provide the bulk
insulate the core

reduce eddy current loss

ANSWER : : reduce eddy current
loss
Explanation :
5.The resistance of armature winding
depends on

voltage
speed
none of above
ANSWER : : speed
Explanation :

9.A separately excited generator as compared to a selfexcited generator

length of conductor
cross-sectional area of the conductor
number of conductors
all of the above

is amenable to better voltage con-trol

is more stable
has exciting current independent of load current
has all above features
ANSWER : : has all above features

ANSWER : : all of the above

Explanation :

6.Which of the following could be lamina-proximately

the thickness of lamina-tions of a D.C. machine ?
0.005 mm
0.05 mm
0.5 m
5m
ANSWER : : 0.5 m
Explanation :

7.The field coils of D.C. generator are usually made of

mica
copper
cast iron
carbon
ANSWER : : copper
Explanation :

8.In case of D.C. machines, mechanical losses are

primary function of
current

Explanation :

10.The commutator segments are connected to the

armature conductors by means of
copper lugs
resistance wires
insulation pads
brazing
ANSWER : : copper lugs

11.Brushes of D.C. machines are made of

carbon
soft copper
hard copper
all of above
ANSWER : : carbon
Explanation :

12.The bearings used to support the rotor shafts are

generally
ball bearings
bush bearings
magnetic bearmgs

needle bearings

none of above

ANSWER : : ball bearings

ANSWER : : commutator

Explanation :

Explanation :

13.For a D.C. generator when the number of poles and

the number of armature conductors is fixed, then which
winding will give the higher e.m.f. ?

17.In a commutator

Lap winding
Wave winding
Either of (a) and (b) above
Depends on other features of design
ANSWER : : Wave winding

copper is harder than mica

mica and copper are equally hard
mica is harder than copper
none of the above
ANSWER : : mica is harder than copper
Explanation :

Explanation :

14.In D.C. generators, the cause of rapid brush wear

may be
severe sparking
rough commutator surface
imperfect contact
any of the above

18.If B is the flux density, I the length of conductor and

v the velocity of conductor, then induced e.m.f. is given
by
Blv
Blv2
Bl2v
Bl2v2
ANSWER : : Blv

ANSWER : : any of the above

Explanation :
Explanation :
19.The material for commutator brushes is generally
15.In case of a 4-pole D.C. generator provided with a
two layer lap winding with sixteen coils, the pole pitch
will be
4
8
16
32
ANSWER : : 8

16.In D.C. generators, current to the external circuit

from armature is given through
commutator
solid connection
slip rings

mica
copper
cast iron
carbon
ANSWER : : carbon
Explanation :

20.Copper brushes in D.C. machine are used

where low voltage and high currents are involved
where high voltage and small cur-rents are involved
in both of the above cases
in none of the above cases

ANSWER : : where low voltage and high currents are

involved

BEE
3

SET-

PART A
1. ExplainexternalcharacteristicsofDCseriesgenerator?
2. Distinguishbetweenselfexcitedandseparatelyexcitedd.c.generators.Howareself
excitedd.c.generatorsclassified?Givetheircircuitdiagrams
3. Explaintheopencircuitcharacteristicsofadcgeneratorandexplainitssignificance.
4. Explain the load characteristics of DC series generator and mention its applications?
5. Explain the Load characteristics of DC shunt generator.
6. Explainwhytheexternalcharacteristicofadcshuntgeneratorismoredroopingthanthatof
aseparatelyexcitedgenerator.

PART B

the lines of flux

20.Copper brushes in D.C. machine are used
where low voltage and high currents are involved
where high voltage and small cur-rents are involved
in both of the above cases
in none of the above cases
ANSWER : : where low voltage and high currents are
involved

21.In a four-pole D.C. machine

all the four poles are north poles
alternate poles are north and south
all the four poles are south poles
two north poles follow two south poles

ANSWER : : direction of motion of conductor, if

forefinger points along the lines of flux
Explanation :

24.Fleming's right-hand rule regarding direction of

induced e.m.f., correlates
magnetic flux, direction of current flow and resultant force
magnetic flux, direction of motion and the direction of
e.m.f. induced
magnetic field strength, induced voltage and current
magnetic flux, direction of force and direction of motion of
conductor
ANSWER : : magnetic flux, direction of motion and the
direction of e.m.f. induced

ANSWER : : alternate poles are north and south

Explanation :

22.According to Fleming's right-hand rule for finding

the direction of induced e.m.f., when middle finger
points in the direction of induced e.m.f., forefinger will
point in the direction of
motion of conductor
lines of force
either of the above
none of the above
ANSWER : : lines of force

25.If brushes of a D.C. generator are moved in order to

bring these brushes in magnetic neutral axis, there will
be
demagnetisation only
cross magnetisation as well as magnetisation
crossmagnetisation as well as demagnetising
cross magnetisation only
ANSWER : : crossmagnetisation as well as
demagnetising
Explanation :

Explanation :
26.Armature reaction of an unsaturated D.C. machine is
23.While applying Fleming's right-hand rule to And the
direction of induced e.m.f., the thumb points towards
direction of induced e.m.f.
direction of flux
direction of motion of the conductor if forefinger points in
the direction of generated e.m.f.
direction of motion of conductor, if forefinger points along

crossmagnetising
demagnetising
magnetising
none of above
ANSWER : : crossmagnetising

Explanation :

31.For a D.C. machines laboratory following type of

D.C. supply will be suitable

27.In the case of lap winding resultant pitch is

rotary converter
mercury are rectifier
induction motor D.C. generator set
synchronous motor D.C. generator set

multiplication of front and back pitches

division of front pitch by back pitch
sum of front and back pitches
difference of front and back pitches
ANSWER : : difference of front and back pitches

ANSWER : : induction motor D.C. generator set

Explanation :

Explanation :
32The number of brushes in a commutator depends on
28.Welding generator will have
lap winding
wave winding
delta winding
duplex wave winding
ANSWER : : lap winding

speed of armature
type of winding
voltage
amount of current to be collected
ANSWER : : amount of current to be collected
Explanation :

Explanation :
33.Which of the following statement about D.C.
generators is false ?
29.The armature core of a D.C. generator is usually
made of
silicon steel
copper
non-ferrous material
cast-iron

Compensating winding in a D.C. machine helps in

commutation
In a D. C. generator interpoles winding is connected in
series with the armature winding
Back pitch and front pitch are both odd and approximately
equal to the pole pitch
Equilizing bus bars are used with parallel running of D.C.
shunt generators

ANSWER : : silicon steel

ANSWER : : Equilizing bus bars are used with parallel
running of D.C. shunt generators
30.The voltage drop for which of the following types of
brush can be expected to be least ?

Explanation :

Graphite brushes
Carbon brushes
Metal graphite brushes
None of the above

34.The demagnetising component of armature reaction

in a D.C. generator

ANSWER : : Metal graphite brushes

reduces generator e.m.f.

increases armature speed
reduces interpoles flux density
results in sparking trouble

Explanation :

ANSWER : : reduces generator e.m.f.

ANSWER : : to discharge all the above functions

Explanation :

35.The e.m.f. generated by a shunt wound D.C.

generator isE. Now while pole flux remains constant, if
the speed of the generator is doubled, the e.m.f.
generated will be
E/2
2E
slightly less than E
E
ANSWER : : 2E
Explanation :

36.In D.C. generators, lap winding is used for

high voltage, high current
low voltage, high current
high voltage, low current
low voltage, low current
ANSWER : : low voltage, high current
Explanation :

37.In D.C. generators, the brushes on commutator

remain in contact with conductors which
lie under south pole
lie under north pole
lie under interpolar region
are farthest from the poles
ANSWER : : lie under interpolar region
Explanation :

38.The function of pole shoes in the case of D.C. machine

is
to reduce the reluctance of the magnetic path
to spread out the flux to achieve uniform flux density
to support the field coil
to discharge all the above functions

39.Equilizer rings are required in case armature is

wave wound
lap wound
delta wound
duplex wound
ANSWER : : lap wound

40.D.C. generators are connected to the busbars or

disconnected from them only under the floating
condition
to avoid sudden loading of the primemover
to avoid mechanicaljerk to the shaft
to avoid burning of switch contacts
all above
ANSWER : : all above

11.Brushes of D.C. machines are made of

carbon
soft copper
hard copper
all of above
ANSWER : : carbon
Explanation :

12.The bearings used to support the rotor shafts are

generally
ball bearings
bush bearings
magnetic bearmgs
needle bearings
ANSWER : : ball bearings
Explanation :

13.For a D.C. generator when the number of poles and

the number of armature conductors is fixed, then which
winding will give the higher e.m.f. ?
Lap winding
Wave winding
Either of (a) and (b) above

Depends on other features of design

ANSWER : : Wave winding
Explanation :

14.In D.C. generators, the cause of rapid brush wear

may be
severe sparking
rough commutator surface
imperfect contact
any of the above
ANSWER : : any of the above
Explanation :

15.In case of a 4-pole D.C. generator provided with a

two layer lap winding with sixteen coils, the pole pitch
will be
4
8
16
32
ANSWER : : 8

16.In D.C. generators, current to the external circuit

from armature is given through
commutator
solid connection
slip rings
none of above
ANSWER : : commutator
Explanation :

17.In a commutator
copper is harder than mica
mica and copper are equally hard
mica is harder than copper
none of the above

ANSWER : : mica is harder than copper

Explanation :

18.If B is the flux density, I the length of conductor and

v the velocity of conductor, then induced e.m.f. is given
by
Blv
Blv2
Bl2v
Bl2v2
ANSWER : : Blv
Explanation :

19.The material for commutator brushes is generally

mica
copper
cast iron
carbon
ANSWER : : carbon
Explanation :

41.Magnetic field in a D.C. generator is produced by

electromagnets
permanent magnets
both (a) and (b)
none of the above
ANSWER : : electromagnets
Explanation :

42.In a D.C. generator the ripples in the direct e.m.f.

generated are reduced by
using conductor of annealed copper
using commutator with large number of segments
using carbon brushes of superior quality
using equiliser rings

ANSWER : : using carbon brushes of superior quality

Explanation :

43.In case of D.C. machine winding, number of

commutator segments is equal to
number of armature coils
number of armature coil sides
number of armature conductors
number of armature turns
ANSWER : : number of armature coils
Explanation :

44.A D.C. welding generator has

lap winding
wave moving
duplex winding
any of the above
ANSWER : : lap winding

45.Compensating windings are used in D.C. generators

mainly to reduce the eddy currents by providing local
short-circuits
to provide path for the circulation of cooling air
to neutralise the cross-magnetising effect of the armature
reaction
none of the above
ANSWER : : to neutralise the cross-magnetising effect
of the armature reaction
Explanation :

46.Which of the following components of a D.C,

generator plays vital role for providing direct current of
a D.C. generator ?
Dummy coils
Commutator
Eye bolt
Equilizer rings

ANSWER : : Commutator
Explanation :

47.Two generators A and B have 6-poles each.

Generator A has wave wound armature while generator
B has lap wound armature. The ratio of the induced
e.m.f. is generator A and B will be
2:3
3:1
3:2
1:3
ANSWER : : 3 : 1
Explanation :

48.Eddy currents are induced in the pole shoes of a

D.C. machine due to
oscillating magnetic field
pulsating magnetic flux
relative rotation between field and armature
all above
ANSWER : : relative rotation between field and
armature

49.If a D.C. generator fails to build up the probable

cause could not be
imperfect brush contact
field resistance less than the critical resistance
no residual magnetism in the generator
faulty shunt connections tending to reduce the residual
magnetism
ANSWER : : field resistance less than the critical
resistance
Explanation :

50.Permeance is the reciprocal of

flux density
reluctance

ampere-turns
resistance
ANSWER : : reluctance

BEE
SET-4
PARTA

1. Discuss about various types of D.C

generators.
2. A 4 pole lap wound D. C. shunt
generator has a useful flux per pole of
0.07 wb. The armature winding consists
of 220-turns each of 0.004 resistance.
Calculate the terminal voltage when
running at 900 rpm if the armature
current is 50A.
3.Derivethee.m.fequationofaDCmachine.
4.ExplainthefunctionofcommutatorinaDC
generator
5.ExplainexternalcharacteristicsofDCseries
generator?
6.Explaintheopencircuitcharacteristicsofadc
generatorandexplainitssignificance.

PARTB

1.In D.C. generators the pole shoes are

fastened to the pole core by
rivets
counter sunk screws
brazing
welding
ANSWER : : counter sunk screws
Explanation :
2.Iron losses in a D.C. machine are
independent of variations in
speed
load
voltage
speed and voltage
ANSWER : : load
Explanation :
3.In lap winding, the number of
brushes is always
double the number of poles
same as the number of poles
half the number of poles
two
ANSWER : : same as the number of
poles
Explanation :

4.The armature of D.C. generator is

laminated to
reduce the bulk
provide the bulk
insulate the core
reduce eddy current loss
ANSWER : : reduce eddy current
loss
Explanation :
5.The resistance of armature winding
depends on
length of conductor
cross-sectional area of the conductor
number of conductors
all of the above
ANSWER : : all of the above
Explanation :

6.Which of the following could be lamina-proximately

the thickness of lamina-tions of a D.C. machine ?
0.005 mm
0.05 mm
0.5 m
5m
ANSWER : : 0.5 m
Explanation :

7.The field coils of D.C. generator are usually made of

mica
copper
cast iron
carbon
ANSWER : : copper

Explanation :

8.In case of D.C. machines, mechanical losses are

primary function of
current
voltage
speed
none of above
ANSWER : : speed
Explanation :

9.A separately excited generator as compared to a selfexcited generator

is amenable to better voltage con-trol
is more stable
has exciting current independent of load current
has all above features
ANSWER : : has all above features
Explanation :

10.The commutator segments are connected to the

armature conductors by means of
copper lugs
resistance wires
insulation pads
brazing
ANSWER : : copper lugs

11.Brushes of D.C. machines are made of

carbon
soft copper
hard copper
all of above
ANSWER : : carbon

Explanation :

12.The bearings used to support the rotor shafts are

generally
ball bearings
bush bearings
magnetic bearmgs
needle bearings
ANSWER : : ball bearings
Explanation :

13.For a D.C. generator when the number of poles and

the number of armature conductors is fixed, then which
winding will give the higher e.m.f. ?
Lap winding
Wave winding
Either of (a) and (b) above
Depends on other features of design
ANSWER : : Wave winding
Explanation :

14.In D.C. generators, the cause of rapid brush wear

may be
severe sparking
rough commutator surface
imperfect contact
any of the above
ANSWER : : any of the above
Explanation :

15.In case of a 4-pole D.C. generator provided with a

two layer lap winding with sixteen coils, the pole pitch
will be
4
8
16
32

ANSWER : : 8

16.In D.C. generators, current to the external circuit

from armature is given through
commutator
solid connection
slip rings
none of above
ANSWER : : commutator
Explanation :

17.In a commutator
copper is harder than mica
mica and copper are equally hard
mica is harder than copper
none of the above
ANSWER : : mica is harder than copper
Explanation :

18.If B is the flux density, I the length of conductor and

v the velocity of conductor, then induced e.m.f. is given
by
Blv
Blv2
Bl2v
Bl2v2
ANSWER : : Blv
Explanation :

19.The material for commutator brushes is generally

mica
copper
cast iron
carbon
ANSWER : : carbon

Explanation :

20.Copper brushes in D.C. machine are used

where low voltage and high currents are involved
where high voltage and small cur-rents are involved
in both of the above cases
in none of the above cases
ANSWER : : where low voltage and high currents are
involved

21.In a four-pole D.C. machine

all the four poles are north poles
alternate poles are north and south
all the four poles are south poles
two north poles follow two south poles
ANSWER : : alternate poles are north and south
Explanation :

22.According to Fleming's right-hand rule for finding

the direction of induced e.m.f., when middle finger
points in the direction of induced e.m.f., forefinger will
point in the direction of
motion of conductor
lines of force
either of the above
none of the above
ANSWER : : lines of force
Explanation :

23.While applying Fleming's right-hand rule to And the

direction of induced e.m.f., the thumb points towards
direction of induced e.m.f.
direction of flux
direction of motion of the conductor if forefinger points in
the direction of generated e.m.f.

direction of motion of conductor, if forefinger points along

the lines of flux
ANSWER : : direction of motion of conductor, if
forefinger points along the lines of flux
Explanation :

24.Fleming's right-hand rule regarding direction of

induced e.m.f., correlates
magnetic flux, direction of current flow and resultant force
magnetic flux, direction of motion and the direction of
e.m.f. induced
magnetic field strength, induced voltage and current
magnetic flux, direction of force and direction of motion of
conductor
ANSWER : : magnetic flux, direction of motion and the
direction of e.m.f. induced

25.If brushes of a D.C. generator are moved in order to

bring these brushes in magnetic neutral axis, there will
be
demagnetisation only
cross magnetisation as well as magnetisation
crossmagnetisation as well as demagnetising
cross magnetisation only
ANSWER : : crossmagnetisation as well as
demagnetising
Explanation :

26.Armature reaction of an unsaturated D.C. machine

is
crossmagnetising
demagnetising
magnetising
none of above
ANSWER : : crossmagnetising
Explanation :

27.In the case of lap winding resultant pitch is

multiplication of front and back pitches
division of front pitch by back pitch
sum of front and back pitches
difference of front and back pitches
ANSWER : : difference of front and back pitches
Explanation :

28.Welding generator will have

lap winding
wave winding
delta winding
duplex wave winding
ANSWER : : lap winding
Explanation :

29.The armature core of a D.C. generator is usually

made of
silicon steel
copper
non-ferrous material
cast-iron
ANSWER : : silicon steel

30.The voltage drop for which of the following types of

brush can be expected to be least ?
Graphite brushes
Carbon brushes
Metal graphite brushes
None of the above
ANSWER : : Metal graphite brushes
Explanation :

51.In a D.C. generator the number of mechanical

degrees and electrical degrees will be the same when

r.p.m. is more than 300
r.p.m. is less than 300
number of poles is 4
number of poles is 2
ANSWER : : number of poles is 2
Explanation :

52.The purpose of providing dummy coils in a

generator is
to reduce eddy current losses
to enhance flux density
to amplify voltage
to provide mechanical balance for the rotor
ANSWER : : to provide mechanical balance for the
rotor
Explanation :

60.In a D.C. generator the magnetic neutral axis

coincides with the geometrical neutral axis, when
there is no load on the generator
the generator runs on full load
the generator runs on overload
the generator runs on designed speed
ANSWER : : there is no load on the generator