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M Taimoor Khan

taimoorkhan@ciit-attock.edu.pk

Book
Database Systems Principles, Design
and Implementation
by Catherine Ricardo, Maxwell Macmillan

Source of Information

www.becomeskilledat.com

Lectures
Assignments
Deadlines
Marks
Any other notifications n
announcements

Course Objectives
1)

2)
3)
4)

5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)

12)
13)

Basic Concepts
Tools
Database architecture and design
Flow of data (DFDs)
Mappings (ERDs)
Formulating queries (Relational algebra)
Implementing Schema
Built-in Functions
Extracting data
Working with Joins
Normalization
Improving performance
Advanced topics

1) Basic Concepts
Databases
o DBMS
o File Processing System
o Pros n Cons of Database Systems
o Data and its Levels
o Users
o Physical Storage Media
o Backup and Recovery
o

2) Tools
MS Access
o MySQL Database Server
o DBMS client
o MySQL QueryBrowser
o MySQL WorkBench
o Web Application Interface
o

3) Database architecture and


design
o
o
o

Database Architecture
Views
Database Development Process

4) Flow of data (DFDs)


o
o

Data Flow Diagrams


Types of DFDs
o Context Diagram

o Level 0 Diagram
o Detailed Diagram

5) Mappings (ERDs)
Entity Relationship Model
o Entity Types
o Attribute Types
o Types of relationships
o Cardinality
o Functional dependency
o Keys
o

6) Formulating queries
(Relational algebra)
o

Basic Operations
o Unary Operations
o SELECT
o PROJECT

o Binary Operations
o
o
o
o

UNION
INTERSECTION
SUBTRACTION
CARTESIAN PRODUCT

JOINS
o
o
o
o
o

Theta JOIN
EQUI JOIN
NATURAL JOIN
OUTER JOIN
SEMI JOIN

7) Implementing Schema
Introduction
o Data types
o Formats
o Types of commands
o DDL
o CREATE (data types, constraints, defaults)
o INSERT
o MODIFY
o DELETE / DROP / TRUNCATE
o ALTER
o SQL Files
o DCL
o GRANT (Permissions)
o

8) Built-in Functions
Mathematical
String
Date
System
Aggregate

9) Extracting Data
o

DML
o SHOW, DESCRIBE
o SELECT
o Projecting on certain columns
o Applying conditions on records
o Other KEYWORDS / OPERATORS

10) Working with Joins


o JOINS
o SUBQUERIES

11) Normalization
Why Normalization
o Functional Dependency
o Armstrongs Axioms
o First Normal Form (1NF)
o Second Normal Form (2NF)
o Third Normal Form (3NF)
o Boyce - Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
o

12) Improving performance


o
o
o

Indexes
Views
Procedures

13) Advance Topics

Transaction Management

Failures and its Reasons


Database Updates
Database Recovery
Concurrency Control
Log File

Serializability
Locking
Deadlocks and Deadlock handling

Marks Distribution
Theoretical
Evaluation

Marks

Occurrence

Assignments

10

Quizzes

15

Sessional 1

10

Sessional 2

15

Final

50

Sessional 1

10

Sessional 2

15

Final

50

Others

25

Total

75% + 25%

Lab Evaluation

Conduct

Attendance may be called at any time


during the lecture after first 5 mins
Late comers will be marked as absent
No talking during Lecture (will be sent
out)
If you have any question, do not interrupt
me and rather wait for a pause
Enter / Leave the class without
permission with minimum disturbance

Conduct (Cont)

Do not come to office, unless its really


important
Enter one person at a time with permission
If not at seat, leave without inquiring from
other faculty members
I will be in contact with you only through CR
for any change in plan
You can contact me through emails or contact
page of my website (becomeskilledat.com)
for your personal queries

Conduct (cont)
Quizzes may be un-announced, you
should be prepared with the last lecture
covered all the time
There will be no re-take of quiz (Once
per-student on providing application)
Assignments submitted after due date
will have a penalty of 2 marks per day

Why Database Systems


Data
Information
Knowledge
Judgment
Decision

Information
Knowledge
Judgment
Decision
Success

Applications
Computerized library system
Automated teller machines
Flight reservation system
Banking system
University student management
system
e-Businesses

Next Lecture

Databases and DBMS

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