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Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering, Mapua Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
ARTICLE INFO
Keywords:
AB S T R AC T
Fluid Flow
Surface Roughness
Relative Roughness
Friction Factor
Reynolds Number
Date submitted:
4 November 2014
INTRODUCTION
Fluid flow through pipelines is an
important process in many industries. Fluid
flow may be classified as internal or external
flow (Universitetet i Oslo, n.d.). In this study,
internal flow is of concern, in which the conduit
is filled with the fluid and fluid flows because of
Experiment 02 Group No. 2
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f=
16
eqn. 1
1.256
=4 log
+
3.7 D f
f
eqn. 3
1
0.27 7
=4 log
+
D
0.9
( )
eqn. 4
2 f u2 L
F=
gc D
eqn. 5
f=
0.079
0.25
eqn. 2
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EXPERIMENTAL SECTION
Isolate piping
system
prime and
start-up
Collection of
water
determine
temperature
Compute
compute %
error
repeat
procedure for
remaining
trials
Figure 1. Flow Diagram of Procedures
i.
F=
p
g
=R m Hg 1
gc
)( )
eqn. 6
6.33x10-4 m3/s
0.006 m
25oC
996.645 kg/m3
22.61 m/s
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0.9015 x 10-3 cP
149977.6602
Manometer Reading, Rm
4.5 cmHg
552749.4 J/kg
0.46 m
0.0000457 m
7.6166x10-3
0.705164
8.8269 x 10-3
98.75%
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Surface Ro
0.00152
0.0457
0.122
0.152
0.259
0.183-0.91
0.305-3.05
Riveted steel
REFERENCES
CONCLUSION
The theoretical and experimental values for the
friction factor of fluid flowing through straight
pipe were obtained. Comparing the values
acquired for the experimental and theoretical
value for the friction factor, the percentage
errors computed are 98.75 and 98.89 percent for
trials 1 and 2 respectively. It should also be
noted that varying the Reynolds number or
relative roughness has an effect to the friction
factor of the fluid flow. Based on equation 4, the
following may be observed: If the relative
roughness remained constant and the Reynolds
number is increased, the friction factor that may
be obtained will decrease; If the Reynolds
number remained constant, and the relative
roughness of the material increased, the friction
factor that may be obtained will also increase.
As such, it may be said that the friction factor is
inversely proportional to the Reynolds number
and directly proportional to the relative
roughness of the material.
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