DIRECTEDRETRYDECISION(DRD)

DirectedRetryDecision(DRD)isusedtoselectasuitablecellforaUEtoaccess.DifferenttypesofDRDcanbe
adoptedduringdifferentphasesofserviceprocessing.Inthisway,thesystemcapacityismaximized,andbetter
servicesareprovided.

DRD Type

Application
Scenario

Description

RRCDRD

DuringRRCsetup

RRCDRDisusedtoselectasuitableinterfrequencyneighboringcellfora
UEtosetupanRRCconnectionineitherofthefollowingsituations:
The RRC connection setup fails in the cell that the UE tries to
access.
The cell that the UE tries to access does not support signaling
radiobearer(SRB)overHSPAwhenSRBoverHSPAisselectedas
thebearerscheme.
RRCDRDisbasedonblindhandover.

Nonperiodic
DRD

During RAB setup, Nonperiodic DRD can be performed based on blind handover or
RAB modification, measurement.
or DCCC channel
Blindhandoverbased nonperiodic DRD is used to select a
reconfiguration
suitable cell for a UE to access according to the HSPA+
technological satisfaction (referred to as the technological
satisfaction in this document), service priority, and cell load. It
enables the UE to be served with the best technological
satisfactionandimplementsservicesteeringandloadbalancing.
Measurementbased nonperiodic DRD, that is, Measurement
BasedDirectedRetry(MBDR)isusedtoselectasignalqualified
cell for a UE according to the measurement result. Compared
with blindhandoverbased nonperiodic DRD, MBDR can
increasetheDRDsuccessratewhenthecurrentcellandtheDRD
targetcellcoverdifferentareas.
Blindhandoverbased nonperiodic DRD cannot work with MBDR.
WhenMBDRisenabled,thistypeofDRDisdisabledautomatically.

PeriodicDRD

After RAB setup or PeriodicDRDisusedtoselectasuitablecellaccordingtothedevicetype

after the bearer priority,technologicalsatisfactionandservicepriority.
schemeischanged It can be performed to select a suitable cell when the RNC determines
thattheUEcanbeservedbyabetterHSPA/HSPA+technologyorwhena
neighboringcellhasahigherserviceprioritythanthecurrentcell.
AfterperiodicDRDistriggered,itcanbeperformedthrougheitherofthe
followingtwoways:
Blindhandoverbased periodic DRD: It mainly applies to the
interfrequency cocoverage scenarios. It selects the target cell
that support blind handover and does not consider the signal
qualityofthetargetcell.
Measurementbased periodic DRD: It applies to both the inter
frequency differentcoverage scenarios and the interfrequency
cocoveragescenarios.Itselectsthetargetcellaccordingtothe

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DRD Type

Application
Scenario

Description
signal measurement results. Only the cell that meets the
specified signal conditions can be selected as the target cell.
Note that only measurementbased periodic DRD can be
triggeredbycellservicepriority.
Blindhandoverbased periodic DRD cannot work with measurement
basedperiodicDRD.Whenthelatterisenabled,theformerisdisabled
automatically.

RABDRDisperformedduringtheRABphase,whichstartsfromRABsetupprocessingandendsinRABrelease.
TherearetwotypesofRABDRD,nonperiodicDRDandperiodicDRD.

RRCDRD
RRCDRDisperformedduringRRCconnectionsetup.WhenaUEfailstoaccessthecurrentcell,theRNCperforms
RRCDRD.ThepurposeistoinstructtheUEtosetupanRRCconnectioninasuitableinterfrequencyneighboring
cell.
TheRRCDRDprocedureisasfollows:
1.TheRNCselectstheintrabandinterfrequencyneighboringcellsofthecurrentcell.Theseneighboringcellsare
suitable for blind handovers. Whether the neighboring cells support blind handover is specified by the
parameterBlindHoFlag.
2.TheRNCgeneratesalistofcandidateDRDsupportiveinterfrequencycellsaccordingtothefollowingcondition:
(CPICH_EcNo)RACH>DRD_EcNOnbcell
Here:

(CPICH_EcNo)RACHisthecachedCPICHEc/N0valueincludedintheRACHmeasurementreport.Note
thatthisvalueisofthecurrentcell.
DRD_EcNOnbcellistheDRDthreshold(DRDEcN0Threshhold)oftheneighboringcell.

3.TheRNCselectsatargetcellfromthecandidatecellsforUEaccess.Ifthecandidatecelllistisempty,theRRC
DRDfails.TheRNCperformsRRCredirection.Ifthecandidatecelllistcontainsmorethanonecell,theUEtries
acellrandomly.
Iftheadmissionissuccessful,theRNCcontinuestheRRCconnectionsetupprocedure.
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Iftheadmissiontoacellfails,theUEtriesadmissiontoanothercellinthecandidatecelllistuntil
anadmissionissuccessfuloralladmissionattemptsfail.
Ifalltheadmissionattemptsfail,then
TheRNCmakesanRRCredirectiondecisionwhenthefunctionofRRCredirectionafterDRDfailure
isenabled.
TheRRCconnectionsetupfailswhenthefunctionofRRCredirectionafterDRDfailureisdisabled.

RABDRD
NONPERIODIC

NonperiodicDRDisusedtoselectasuitablecellforUEaccessduringaRABsetup,RABmodification,orDCCC.
NonperiodicDRDeitherbasedonmeasurementorblindhandover.
Blindhandoverbased nonperiodic DRD and measurementbased nonperiodic DRD (MBDR) cannot be used
simultaneously.WhenMBDRisenabled,othertypesofnonperiodicDRDsareautomaticallydisabled.

NonPeriodicDRDBLINDHONDOVERBased
Blindhandoverbased nonperiodic DRD involves interfrequency DRD (Intra System Direct Retry) and interRAT
DRD.WhenMBDRisdisabled,thefollowingparametersdeterminewhethertoenableblindhandoverbasednon
periodicDRD:
For a single service, blindhandoverbased nonperiodic DRD is enabled by the DR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCH
subparameteroftheDrSwitchparameter.
For combined, blindhandoverbased nonperiodic DRD is enabled by the DR_RAB_COMB_DRD_SWITCH
subparameteroftheDrSwitchparameter.
Note that if the measurementbased periodic DRD switch BasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitch is set to ON, blind
handoverbasednonperiodicDRDisalsocontrolledbytheBlindDrdExceptHRetrySwitchparameter.
Forexample,whenMBDRisdisabled,theDR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCHsubparameteroftheDrSwitchparameteris
settoONandtheBasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitchparameterissettoON,blindhandoverbasednonperiodicDRD
forasingleserviceisenabledonlyiftheBlindDrdExceptHRetrySwitchparameterissettoON.
BlindhandoverbasednonperiodicDRDconsistsofInterFrequencyDRDandInterRATDRD.
InterFrequencyDRD
AninterfrequencyDRDprocedureconsistsofDRDfordevicetypesteering,DRDfortechnologicalsatisfaction,
DRDforservicesteering,andDRDforloadbalancing.TheRNCperformstheseDRDsinsequence.

IfoneoftheDRDfunctionsisdisabled,theRNCdoesnotconsidertheconditionsbasedonwhichthistypeofDRD
is performed. For example, if DRD for load balancing is disabled, the RNC does not consider the cell load when
selectingacellbasedoninterfrequencyDRD.

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DRDfordevicetypesteeringisonlycontrolledbytheparameterDPGDRDSwitch.DuringRABaccess,RNCfirstly
selectsacellwiththehighestdevicetypepriorityfortheterminalaccordingtotheDRDfordevicetypesteering.If
multiplecellshavethehighestdevicetypepriority,theRNCselectsasuitablecellbasedonDRDfortechnological
satisfaction, DRD for service steering, and DRD for load balancing. DRD for device type steering is introduced in
RAN13. DRD for HSPA+ technological satisfaction is efficient, but it is applicable only to UEs requesting HSPA+
services.DRDforservicesteeringandDRDforloadbalancingarecontrolledbytherelatedparameters.
IfalltheDRDfunctionsareenabled,aninterfrequencyDRDprocedureisasfollows:
1.TheRNCdeterminesthecandidatecellstowhichablindhandovercanbeperformed.Whethertheneighboring
cellssupportblindhandoverisspecifiedbytheparameterBlindHoFlag.Acandidatecellmustmeetthefollowing
conditions:
Thecandidatecellsupportstherequestedservice.
ThefrequencyofthecandidatecelliswithinthebandsupportedbytheUE.
ThecurrentcellmeetsthequalityrequirementsofinterfrequencyDRD.
Thecurrentcellwillalsobeconsideredascandidatecellifitsupportstherequestedservice

2.TheRNCselectsatargetcellfromthecandidatecellsforUEaccessasfollows:
(1)TheRNCselectsacellwiththehighesttechnologicalsatisfaction
(2)IfmultiplecellshavethehighesttechnologicalsatisfactionortherequestedserviceisnotanHSPA+one,the
RNCselectsacellbasedonDRDforservicesteering.
(3)IfmultiplecellshavethehighestservicepriorityonDRDforservicesteering,theRNCselectsacellbasedon
DRDforloadbalancing.

3.TheCACalgorithmmakesanadmissiondecisionbasedontheresourcestatusofthecell.
Iftheadmissionattemptissuccessful,theRNCinitiatesaninterfrequencyblindhandovertothecell.
Iftheadmissionattemptfails,theRNCremovesthecellfromthecandidatecellsandthencheckswhetherall
candidatecellsaretried.
a.Ifthereisanycandidatecellthathasnotbeentried,thealgorithmgoesbacktostep2totrythiscell.
b.Ifallcandidatecellshadbeentried,then:
IftheservicerequestisanHSPAone,theHSPArequestfallsbacktoaDCHone.Then,thealgorithmgoesbackto
step1toretryadmissionbasedonR99servicepriorities.
IftheservicerequestisaDCHone,theRNCinitiatesaninterRATDRD.

For UEs requesting the nonHSPA+ services, if both DRD for service steering and DRD for load balancing are
disabled,theRNCperformsthefollowingsteps:
1.TheUEattemptstoaccessthecurrentcellwhenitsservicepriorityisnot0.Iftheservicepriorityofthecurrent
cell is 0, the UE attempts to access a neighboring cell with the highest priority of blind handover. The blind
handoverpriorityofthecellisspecifiedbytheparameterBlindHOPrio.
2.TheCACalgorithmmakesanadmissiondecisionbasedonthecellstatus.
Iftheadmissionattemptissuccessful,theRNCadmitstheservicerequest.
Iftheadmissionattemptfails,theUEattemptstoaccessanothercandidatecellrandomly.

3.Ifanyrequestforaccesstoacandidatecellisrejected,then:
IftheservicerequestisanHSPAone,theHSPArequestfallsbacktoaDCHone.Then,thealgorithmgoesbackto
step1toretryadmissionbasedonR99servicepriorities.
IftheservicerequestisaDCHone,theRNCinitiatesaninterRATDRD.
InterRATDRD
WhenalladmissionattemptsforinterfrequencyDRDduringRABprocessingfail,theRNCdetermineswhetherto
initiateaninterRATDRD.

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TheInterRATDRDisnotapplicabletoRABsofcombinedservices,R99PSservices,andHSPAservices.

TheinterRATDRDprocedureisasfollows:
1.IfthecurrentcellisconfiguredwithanyneighboringGSMcellsuitableforblindhandoverandifthe"service
handover" IE that is contained in the RAB assignment signaling assigned by the CN is set to "handover to GSM
shouldbeperformed"or"handovertoGSMshouldnotbeperformed,"thentheRNCperformsstep2.Otherwise,
theservicerequestundergoespreemptionandqueuing.
WhethertheneighboringcellssupportblindhandoverisspecifiedbytheparameterBlindHoFlag.
2.TheRNCgeneratesalistofcandidateDRDsupportiveinterRATcellsthatfulfillthequalityrequirement.Ifthe
candidatecelllistdoesnotincludeanycell,theservicerequestundergoespreemptionandqueuing.
3. The RNC selects target GSM cells for the service request according to the blind handover priority. The blind
handoverpriorityofthecellisspecifiedbytheparameterBlindHOPrio.
4.IfalladmissionattemptsfailorthenumberofinterRAThandoverretriesexceedsthevalueofDRMaxGSMNum,
theservicerequestundergoespreemptionandqueuing.

NonPeriodicDRDMEASUREMENTBased(MBDR)
MeasurementbasednonperiodicDRD(MBDR)isafeatureintroducedinRAN12.0.Itcanincreasethesuccessrate
ofDRD;reducetheservicedropscausedbyDRDwithblindhandoverbasednonperiodicDRD.WhenanRABisset
up,theDRDalgorithmusestheblindhandovertoachieveloadbalancingandservicesteering.Inthissituation,if
the current cell and the DRD target cell cover different areas, the UE DRD may fail. With MBDR function, the
successrateofinterfrequencyorinterRATDRDcanbeensuredevenifthecurrentcellandtheDRDtargetcell
coverdifferentareas.TheUEaccessdelay,however,isincreased.
AfteranRRCconnectionissetupandMBDRisimplemented,theRNCdecideswhethertoestablishtherequested
serviceininterfrequencyorinterRATneighboringcellsbasedonthecurrentcellloadandthetypeofserviceto
be established. If the RNC decides to establish the service in such a neighboring cell, the RNC sends an inter

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frequencyorinterRATmeasurementcontrolmessagetotheUE,instructingtheUEtomeasurethesignalquality
of neighboring cells. If the signal quality of a neighboring cell meets the specified requirements, the RNC
establishestheserviceinthiscell.Otherwise,theRNCattemptstoestablishtheserviceinthecurrentcell.
For a type of service, MBDR is controlled by the InterFreqActiveType and InterRatActiveType parameters. They
specifywhetheratypeofservicecanuseMBDR.
ThefollowingtypesofservicesupportinterfrequencyMBDR:
CSAMR
CSnonAMR PSR99
PSHSPA
OnlyCSAMRservicessupportinterRATMBDR.

Procedure
TheprocedurefortheinterfrequencyMBDRalgorithmisasfollows:
1.AfteranRRCconnectionsetup,theMBDRalgorithmtriggersthemeasurementofaninterfrequencyMBDRcell
ifthecorrespondingMBDRalgorithmswitchisturnedonandthecurrentcellloadexceedstheMBDRcongestion
decisionthreshold.
2. The RNC sendsthe UE an interfrequency measurementcontrol message, instructing the UE to measure the
signalqualityoftheinterfrequencyMBDRneighboringcells.IfthesignalqualityoftheinterfrequencyMBDRcell
meetsthespecifiedrequirements,theRNCestablishesservicesinthiscell.IfseveralinterfrequencyMBDRcells
arequalified,theRNCprioritizesthesecellsandestablishesservicesinthecellwiththehighestpriority.
3.Ifservicesareestablishedsuccessfully,theRABissetupsuccessfully.Otherwise,theRNCattemptstoestablish
servicesinthecellwiththesecondhighestpriority.
MBDRneighboringcellsarespecifiedbytheMBDRFlagparameter.

TheprocedurefortheinterRATMBDRalgorithmissimilartothatfortheinterfrequencyMBDRalgorithm.
WhenthetypeofserviceisCSAMR,andinterfrequencyMBDRalgorithmswitchandinterRATMBDRalgorithm
switchareenabled,UEselecttheneighboringcellbythefirstreceivedmeasurementreport.Thatisifthefirst
receivedmeasurementreportcontainsinterfrequencycellsinformation.UEselecttheinterfrequencycellasthe
targetcell,andifthefirstreceivedmeasurementreportcontainsinterRATcellsinformation.UEselecttheinter
RATcellasthetargetcell.
TriggeringConditions
AfteranRRCconnectionsetup,iftheMBDRalgorithmswitchfortheservicetypetowhichthisRABbelongsis
turnedon,theRNCtriggersMBDRwheneitherofthefollowingconditionsismet:

TheuplinkadmissioncontrolswitchNBMUlCacAlgoSelSwitchisnotsettoALGORITHM_OFF,andthecellis
intheMBDRcongestionstate,thatis,thefollowingformulaisfulfilled:
UplinkadmissionthresholdMBDRcongestiondecisionthresholdCurrentcellloadfactorUplink
admissionthreshold

ThedownlinkadmissioncontrolswitchNBMDlCacAlgoSelSwitchisnotsettoALGORITHM_OFF,andthecell
isintheMBDRcongestionstate,thatis,thefollowingformulaisfulfilled:
DownlinkadmissionthresholdMBDRcongestiondecisionthresholdCurrentcellloadfactorDownlink
admissionthreshold

where:
UL admission thld is specified by the UlNonCtrlThdForAMR, UlNonCtrlThdForNonAMR, or UlNonCtrlThdForOther
parameter.
DLadmissionthldisspecifiedbytheDlConvAMRThd,DlConvNonAMRThd,orDlOtherThdparameter.
MBDR congestion decision thld is specified by InterFreqUlMbdrTrigThreshold, InterFreqDlMbdrTrigThreshold,
InterRatUlMbdrTrigThreshold,orInterRatDlMbdrTrigThresholdparameter.
Thecurrentcellloadfactorindicatesthepercentageoftheusedcellcapacitytothetotalcellcapacity.Thecurrent
cell load factor in both uplink and downlink is calculated by the RNC according to the cell load measurement
resultsreportedbytheNodeB.
InthecaseofinterRATMBDR,theRNCtriggersMBDRforonlyacertainpercentageofUEsthatmeetthetrigger
conditions.ThispercentageisspecifiedbytheUserPercentageparameter.
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TargetCellSelection
AfterMBDRistriggered,theRNCstartstargetcellselection.
IfthecurrentcellhasonlyoneMBDRneighboringcell,theRNCsendstheUEameasurementrequest,instructing
theUEtomeasurethesignalqualityofthisneighboringcell.Ifthemeasuredsignalqualitymeetsthespecified
requirements,theRNCestablishesservicesinthisneighboringcell.Ifserviceestablishmentfails,theRNC
establishesservicesinthecurrentcell.
IfthecurrentcellhasmorethanoneMBDRneighboringcell,thefollowingprocedureistriggered:
1.TheRNCsendstheUEameasurementrequest,instructingtheUEtomeasurethesignalqualityofalltheMBDR
neighboringcells.
2.Accordingtothemeasurementresults,theRNCselectstheneighboringcellsthatmeetthespecified
requirementsastargetcells.NotethataneighboringcellintheMBDRcongestionstatecannotbeselectedasa
targetcell.
Ifonlyoneneighboringcellmeetsrequirements,theRNCestablishesservicesinthisneighboringcell.
Ifmorethanoneneighboringcellmeetsthespecifiedrequirements,theRNCprioritizesthesecellsbasedonthe
valueoftheMBDRPrio parameterandthenestablishesservicesinthecellwiththehighestpriority.Ifthesecells
havethesamepriority,theRNCrandomlyselectsoneofthemandthenestablishesservicesinthiscell.Asmaller
valueofMBDRPrioindicatesahigherpriority.
3.TheRNCattemptstoestablishservicesintheneighboringcellwiththehighestpriority.Iftheattemptfails,the
RNCtriesotherneighboringcellsindescendingorderofpriorityuntiltheattemptsucceedsorthenumberof
attemptsexceedsthevalueoftheMaxAttNumparameter.Inthelattercase(thatis,thenumberofattempts
exceedsthethreshold),theRNCestablishesservicesinthecurrentcell.

MeasurementControlItems
AfterMBDRistriggered,theRNCsendstheUEameasurementcontrolmessage,instructingtheUEtomeasurethe
signalqualityofthetargetcell.Aftermeasurement,theUEreportsthemeasurementresultstotheRNC.
Theparametersassociatedwithmeasurementcontrolitems,forexample,themeasurementreportmodeand
triggerthreshold,canbeconfiguredbyrunningtheADDUCELLMBDRINTERFREQorADD
UCELLMBDRINTERRATcommand.

InthecaseofinterfrequencyMBDR:
SettheInterFreqReportModeparametertoPERIODICAL_REPORTINGorEVENT_TRIGGER.
IftheInterFreqReportModeparameterissettoPERIODICAL_REPORTING,theUEreportsmeasurementresultsto
theRNCatanintervalofPrdReportInterval.Then,theRNCdetermineswhetherthesignalqualityofthisinter
frequencycellmeetsthespecifiedrequirementsaccordingtothemeasurementresultsandthetriggerconditions.
IftheInterFreqReportModeparameterissettoEVENT_TRIGGER,theUEsendstheRNCameasurementreport
(indicatingthatthesignalqualityoftheinterfrequencycellmeetstheinterfrequencyhandoverrequirements)
whenthesignalqualityoftheinterfrequencycellishigherthanthetriggerthresholdfortheperiodspecifiedby
TrigTime2C.
SettheInterFreqMeasQuantityparametertoEc/No,RSCP,orBOTH.
IftheInterFreqMeasQuantityparameterissettoEc/No,theEc/Novalueofthetargetcellmustreachtheinter
frequencyhandovertriggerthreshold,whichisspecifiedbytheHOThdEcN0parameter.
IftheInterFreqMeasQuantityparameterissettoRSCP,theRSCPvalueofthetargetcellmustreachtheinter
frequencyhandovertriggerthreshold,whichisspecifiedbytheHOThdRscpparameter.
IftheInterFreqMeasQuantityparameterissettoBOTH,boththeEc/NoandRSCPvaluesofthetargetcellmust
reachthecorrespondinginterfrequencyhandovertriggerthreshold.
TheInterFreqMeasQuantityparametercannotbesettoBOTHiftheInterFreqReportModeparameterissetto
EVENT_TRIGGER.

InthecaseofinterRATMBDR,youcansettheInterRatReportModeparametertoPERIODICAL_REPORTINGor
EVENT_TRIGGER.
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IftheInterRatReportModeparameterissettoPERIODICAL_REPORTING,theUEreportsmeasurementresults
totheRNCatanintervalofInterRATPeriodReportInterval.Then,theRNCcomparesthemeasurementresults
withInterRATHOThdtodeterminewhetherthesignalqualityofthisinterRATcellmeetsthespecified
requirements.
IftheInterRatReportModeparameterissettoEVENT_TRIGGER,theUEsendstheRNCameasurementreport
(indicatingthatthesignalqualityoftheinterRATcellmeetstheinterRAThandoverrequirements)whenthe
signalqualityoftheinterRATcellishigherthanthetriggerthresholdfortheperiodspecifiedbyTrigTime3C.

ThemeasurementmechanismforinterfrequencyorinterRATMBDRisthesameasthatforhandover.
Again, the MBDR cannot be used with blindhandoverbased periodic DRD simultaneously. When the MBDR is
enabled,blindhandoverbasedperiodicDRDisautomaticallydisabled.

PERIODICDRD

Overview

TheDR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCHandDR_RAB_COMB_DRD_SWITCHsubparametersoftheDrSwitchparameter
determinewhethertoenableRABDRDforasingleserviceandaservicecombinationrespectively.
TheBasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitchparameterfurtherdetermineswhethertoenableblindhandoverbasednon
periodicDRD,blindhandoverbasedperiodicDRD,ormeasurementbasedperiodicDRD.
WhenthesubparameterDR_RAB_SING_DRD_SWITCHorDR_RAB_COMB_DRD_SWITCHissettoON,thefunctions
oftheBasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitchparameterareasfollows:

WhentheBasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitchparameterissettoON:
MeasurementbasedperiodicDRDisenabled.
BlindhandoverbasedperiodicDRDisdisabled.
BlindhandoverbasednonperiodicDRDisfurthercontrolledbytheBlindDrdExceptHRetrySwitch
parameter.

WhentheBasedOnMeasHRetryDRDSwitchparameterissettoOFF:
MeasurementbasedperiodicDRDisdisabled.
BlindhandoverbasedperiodicDRDisenablediftheChannelRetryTimerLenparameterisnotsetto0.
BlindhandoverbasednonperiodicDRDisenabled.

TriggeringConditions

PeriodicDRDismainlytriggeredbytheHSPA/HSPA+retry.TheHSPA/HSPA+retrycanbeperformedafteraRAB
setuporachangetothebearerschemeofaservice,forexample,afteraRABmodification,softhandover,hard
handover,orbestcellchange.
AftertheRABissetuporthebearerschemeofaserviceischanged,theRNCdetermineswhethertheUEcanbe
servedbyabetterHSPA/HSPA+technologybyconsideringthetechnologicalsatisfaction.IfabetterHSPA/HSPA+
technologycanbeused,theHSPA/HSPA+retryareperformedandconsequentlyperiodicDRDistriggered.Inthis
way,asuitablecellcanbeselectedtoservetheUEwithabetterHSPA/HSPA+technology.
IftheparameterDPGDRDSwitchissettoON,periodicDRDcanalsobetriggeredwhenaneighboringcellhasa
higherdevicetypeprioritythanthecurrentcell.Inthisway,devicetypesteeringisachieved.Iftheparameter
DPGDRDSwitchissettoOFF,devicetypeprioritywillnotbeconsideredduringperiodicDRDprocedure.

MeasurementbasedperiodicDRDcanalsobetriggeredwhenaneighboringcellhasahigherserviceprioritythan
thecurrentcell.Inthisway,servicesteeringisachieved.

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In different situations, HSPA/HSPA+ technologies that can trigger HSPA/HSPA+ retry and consequently periodic
DRD are different. The conditions on which an HSPA/HSPA+ technology can trigger HSPA/HSPA+ retry and
consequentlyperiodicDRDareasfollows:
TheHSPA+technologymustbeselectedthroughRetryCapabilityparameter(Thisconditiondoesnot
applytotheHSPAtechnologies)
TheHSPA/HSPA+technologymustbesupportedbyperiodicDRD.
NotethatdifferenttypesofperiodicDRDsupportdifferentHSPA/HSPA+technologies.
ForblindhandoverbasedperiodicDRD,thesupportedHSPA/HSPA+technologiesareHSUPA,HSDPA,64QAM,
MIMO,DCHSDPA,DCHSDPA+MIMO,andEDPCCHBoosting.
FormeasurementbasedperiodicDRD,thesupportedHSPA/HSPA+technologiesareHSDPA,HSUPA,uplink
enhancedL2,uplink16QAM,downlinkenhancedL2,CPC,64QAM,DCHSDPA,MIMO,DCHSDPA+MIMO,and
EDPCCHBoosting.
ThereasonwhymeasurementbasedperiodicDRDsupportsmoreHSPA+technologiesthanblindhandoverbased
periodicDRDisasfollows:WhenmeasurementbasedperiodicDRDisenabled,blindhandoverbasednonperiodic
DRDmaynotbeapplied.Insuchacase,theHSPA+technologiesthataresupportedbyblindhandoverbasednon
periodicDRDcanbesupportedbymeasurementbasedperiodicDRD.Inthisway,thefunctionofblindhandover
basednonperiodicDRDcanbeindirectlyimplementedthroughmeasurementbasedperiodicDRD.
WhenmeasurementbasedperiodicDRDisenabled,whetherblindhandoverbasednonperiodicDRDcanbe
appliedisfurtherdeterminedbytheBlindDrdExceptHRetrySwitchparameter.

ProcedureforBlindHObased
BlindhandoverbasedperiodicDRDappliestotheinterfrequencycocoveragescenarios.Itisperformedatregular
intervals.TheintervalisspecifiedbytheChannelRetryTimerLenparameter.

Inwords:
1.TheRNCdecideswhethertherearecandidatecellsthattheUEcanattempttoaccess.Thecandidatecellsare
selectedfromthecocoverageneighboringcellsofthecurrentbestcell.Acandidatecellmustmeetthefollowing
conditions:
Thecandidatecellsupportsblindhandover.Whethertheneighboringcellssupportblindhandoverisspecifiedby
theparameterBlindHoFlag.
ThefrequencyofthecelliswithinthebandsupportedbytheUE.
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Thecellsupportstherequestedservice.
Thecellisnotoverloaded.
Thetechnologicalsatisfactionofthecellishigherthanthatofthecurrentcellorthedevicetypepriorityofthe
cellishigherthanthatofthecurrentcell.
Ifsuchcandidatecellsdonotexist,blindhandoverbasedperiodicDRDfails.Insuchacase,theRNCwaitsforthe
nextDRDperiod.
Ifsuchcandidatecellsexist,thefollowingstepisperformed.
2.TheRNCsequencesthecandidatecellsaccordingtothedevicetypepriorityofthecellandthetechnological
satisfaction.
3.TheRNCselectsatargetcellforUEaccessaccordingtothesequencefromthehighesttothelowest.
4.TheCACalgorithmmakesanadmissiondecisionbasedonthestatusofthetargetcell.
*Iftheadmissionattemptissuccessful,theRNCacceptstheservicerequest.
*Iftheadmissionattemptfails,theRNCremovesthecellfromthecandidatecellsandthencheckswhetherall
candidatecellsaretried.
Ifthereareanycellswherenoadmissiondecisionhasbeenmade,thealgorithmgoesbacktostep3.
Ifadmissiondecisionsfailinallthecandidatecells,blindhandoverbasedperiodicDRDfails.Insuchacase,the
RNCwaitsforthenextDRDperiod.
If the UE fails to access the target cell after RNC accepts the service request, blind-handover-based periodic DRD will not be
performed for the UE.

ProcedureforMeasurementbased
Inamultibandnetwork,thecellsthatoperateondifferentfrequencybandshavedifferentcoverageareas.When
aUEneedstoperformaninterfrequencyhandoverinamultibandnetwork,itnormallydoesnotperformablind
handoverasthesuccessrateoftheblindhandoverisrelativelylow.Instead,theUEperformshandoverdecision
according to the signal of each interfrequency cell. Measurementbased periodic DRD is introduced to select a
signalqualifiedcellfortheUEtoaccess.
Measurementbased periodic DRD applies to both the interfrequency samecoverage scenarios and the inter
frequencydifferentcoveragescenarios.ItcanincreasetheDRDsuccessrateinboththecocoveragescenariosand
thedifferentcoveragescenarios.

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TheprocedureforperformingmeasurementbasedperiodicDRDisasfollows:

1.Basedontechnologicalsatisfactionandcellservicepriority,theRNCdecideswhethertherearecandidatecells
thattheUEcanattempttoaccess.Thecandidatecellsareselectedfromthebestcellanditsneighboringcells.
Acandidatecellmustmeetthefollowingconditions:
ThefrequencyofthecelliswithinthebandsupportedbytheUE.
Thecellsupportstherequestedservice.
TheDrdOrLdrFlagparameterofthecellissettoTrue,indicatingthatthecellcanbemeasured.
Thetechnologicalsatisfactionofthecellishigherthanthatofthecurrentcell,ortheservicepriorityofthecellis
higherthanorequaltothatofthecurrentcell,orthedevicetypepriorityofthecellishigherthanthatofcurrent
cell.
Ifsuchcandidatecellsexist,thefollowingstepisperformed.

2. The RNC starts the timer for periodic DRD. The length of the timer is specified by the HRetryTimerLength
parameter.
If there is only one candidate cell and it is the current cell, the UE retries higher HSPA+ technologies in the
currentcellwhenthetimerexpires.
In other situations, the RNC issues a measurement control message, requesting the UE to measure the signal
qualityofallcandidatecells.

3.TheUEmeasurestheRSCPandEc/Noofthecandidatecellsandperiodicallyreportsthemeasurementresultsto
theRNC.ThereportingperiodisspecifiedbythePrdReportIntervalparameter.

4.Basedonthereceivedmeasurementresults,theRNCselectsthecandidatetargetcells.
Acandidatetargetcellmustmeetthefollowingconditions:
Thecellisnotoverloaded.
ThemeasuredRSCPishigherthantheRSCPthresholdthatisspecifiedbytheTargetFreqThdRscpparameter.
ThemeasuredEc/NoishigherthantheEc/NothresholdthatisspecifiedbytheTargetFreqThdEcN0parameter.
Ifsuchcandidatetargetcellsdonotexist,measurementbasedperiodicDRDfails.Insuchacase,theRNCwaitsfor
theDRDtimertoexpire.
Ifsuchcandidatetargetcellsexist,thefollowingstepisperformed.

5.TheRNCsequencesthecandidatetargetcellsaccordingtothedevicetypepriorityofthecell,thetechnological
satisfactionandcellservicepriority.

6.TheRNCselectsacandidatetargetcellforUEaccessaccordingtothesequencefromthehighesttothelowest.

7.TheCACalgorithmmakesanadmissiondecisionbasedonthestatusofthecandidatetargetcell.
Iftheadmissionattemptissuccessful,theRNCacceptstheservicerequest.
Iftheadmissionattemptfails,theRNCremovesthecellfromthecandidatetargetcellsandthenchecks
whetherallcandidatetargetcellsaretried.

Ifthereareanycellswherenoadmissiondecisionhasbeenmade,thealgorithmgoesbacktostep6.
Ifadmissiondecisionsfailinallthecandidatetargetcells,measurementbasedperiodicDRDfails.Insuchacase,
theRNCwaitsfortheDRDtimertoexpire.

IfthemeasurementorretryfailsduringmeasurementbasedperiodicDRD,afailurepenaltytimerisstartedwhen
theDRDtimerexpires.Duringthepenaltytime,suchaprocedurecannotbeperformedandtheUEcanattemptto
access only the current cell. The length of the penalty timer is specified by multiplying the value of the
HRetryTimerLengthparameterbythevalueoftheDrdFaiPenaltyPeriodNumparameter.

HuaweiRANDirectedRetryDecision

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