Project management

Linear phasing in project management is best described as phases that take place
in succession one after another building to an end result
The two most important official communication Channels in project man are
the consultation structure and report structure

Operations management
1.) Lovelock in his classification of services distinguishes four categories based on the
inherent nature of services. The classification is based on the criterion of
tangible/intangible the other criterion is
the services are performed for people or related to peoples possessions
2.) You can classify service provision based on the four Vs in the case of high volume
operation it is the key
to produce the highest possible volume at minimum possible variable costs
3.) Service companies offer core services, peripheral services and support services
The popcorn you buy at the counter, the ticket or the screening of the film..it is
the ticket
4.) Services added to the core services are
facility services
5.) Theme based services create a link between

the inherent varied supply of goods services and experiences

6.) The purpose of planning and control is to ensure that current service activities are
executed effectively. This means that the resources needed must be available

in the correct quantities of the correct quality and at the right time.

General management

7.) Tom peters is the author of in search of excellence in his book he reports his findings
on research carried out among 43 American companies. This research suggests that
successful enterprises do not jump into areas in which they have no skills
8.) Michael Porter identifies five competitive forces within an industry. These forces
determine the structure and profitability of the industry the forces are
suppliers, substitutes, new entrants , buyers and competitors
9.) The individual feature that can be described as a relatively constant response to
particular circumstances is

attitude (not ability, not personality)

10.)
The leadership grid of Blake and Mounton plots Leadership styles against concern
for people and concern for tasks. Style 1.9 country club management focuses on
high concern for people but little interest in tasks
11.)
The rational decision-making process can be seen as an ideal model it is especially
suitable in situations where

there is a clear definition of the problem

12.)
Activities such as management of personnel, financing and data systems are
categorized as
secondary process (not administrative not primary process)
13.)
When setting up the personnel structure of an organization , determining who
makes certain decision is categorized as
authority (not hierarchical relationships)
14.)
Three small factories each have a manager and a production team. All three
decide to ease the pressure on the manager by introducing a new position below the

manager but higher in the organizational chart than the production teams, which is
the one having direct authority over their production teams?
Assistant manager
Economics
15.)
16.)

Factors have resulted in growths on the media industry are

more consumer spending and more leisure time

Media org operate in two markets

B2B and B2C

Strategic management

17.)
Strategic drift occurs where an organizations strategies progressively fail to
address their
strategic position
18.)
Synergy (Zusammenwirken) occurs when
value can be enhanced across complementary business units
19.)
Different styles of managing change are likely to be more or less appropriate
according to org. context. The education and communication style approach is about
explaining the reasons and means of change
20.)
An audit of human resources requirements is relevant to strategy development
because people-based core competencies on which future strategies might
built need to be identifies
21.)
The value chain descried the activities within and around an organization that
collectively create a product or service
22.)
Mintzberg suggests six pure configuration stereotypes of organizations
the adhocracy develops in organizations faced by constant change
23.)
Porters five forces framework can be used to understand
the sources of competition in an industry or sector
24.)
The operator determines based on the expected revenue how long a film will run
in the theater if a film appeals to a large and young audience the theater operators
will release the film on as many screens as possible at the same time (in other works
many prints) because the film is expected to become a box-office hit in a relatively
short time. What is this called in the film world?
Hit and run
25.)
Radio in the UK before the mid 1960s consisted of
little regional and almost no local radio
26.)
One of the stages in the production process of a TV program is the prostproduction stage. The activities in this stage include dealing with arrangements made
with the studio guest

about travelling expenses

27.)
A director in a studio broadcast is responsible for the smooth running of the
communication
between the studio production and the people on the floor
28.)
The director asks the cameraman for a two shot,
the cameraman then makes a shot of 2 actors
29.)
After the film recordings the soundman of the asks for some time for a wild one
this means
quiet on the set to record noise
30.)
The appropriate amount of advertising expenditures in newspapers in the
Netherlands in 2006
was 1.5 billion Euros
31.)
The umfeld is

 the editorial environment of your advertisement

The format of Grazia magazine is published locally in various countries Grazia is a

license title
33.)
The rule of thirds is a principle of composition using the rule of thirds
places the main subject off center and away from the center of the frame
34.)
A print ready pdf is
a locked file that can be printed without the need for any further editing
35.)
No democracy can survive without well- informed citizens etc.
the political, functionality of the media
36.)
According to Mill(n?)er there are four areas in which technological trends appear:
networks devices interfaced and user focus
37.)
The chip that is often used in RFID technology is also called
TAG
38.)
What I the main resolution of internet images?

72 dpi
39.)
What are important characteristic of New media?

Digital interactive and integrated

40.)
The www world wide web can be characterized as
a service on the internet via a graphical interface
41.)
What is a good definition of intranet?
A network that is accessible to a select group within a company
42.)
Which characteristic cannot be applied to single old media

crossmedia
43.)
Lievvrouw and livingstone 2006 mention three factors that influence how new
technologies are
shaped they are social economic and cultural
32.)

Research
117
The discipline of sociology is characterized by three main streams:
structural functionalism, conflict sociology and symbolic interactionism. Consider the
following statement:
People assign meaning to the situations they find themselves in through their actions.
This statement is characteristic of:
A:
Symbolic interactionism
B:
Structural functionalism
C:
Conflict sociology
118
Information is fundamentally important for companies to get to know their
customers and to be able to exploit their needs. What is the most common problem for
managers?
A:
Insufficient information
B:
The information is unreliable
C:
The information does not offer any answers to the problem.
119
research?
A:
B:
C:

Which of the following research methods are often used in quantitative

Case study
Ethnographic research
Survey research

120
Imagineering is a departure from traditional market research. This is the
case because people find it hard to state exactly what they need, especially in the case of
an experience. This is why a different type of research and segmentation approach is

used. Which combination is used?

A:
In-depth interviews and lifestyle segmentation
B:
Value research and lifestyle segmentation
C:
Panel research and geographical segmentation

121
The main difference between primary and secondary data is that
secondary data:
A:
Are less useful for answering research questions.
B:
Are gathered for different purposes than they are intended for.
C:
Are gathered after the primary data.
122
Research that provides overviews of recent developments by means of
questionnaires is referred to as:
A:
Communication research
B:
Observation research
C:
Survey research
123
Statistical testing uses different types of tests to determine whether the
found sample differences and relationships between variables are significant. One such
test compares the average score on a test variable of one group with that of another
group.
Which test is used to do this?
A:
Chi-quadrate test
B:
T test
C:
Mann Whitney U test
124
Research involving the same group of people over an extended period of
time is referred to as:
A:
Longitudinal research
B:
Panel research
C:
Model research
125
Server logs keep track of how much time users spend on websites. This
makes it easy to keep track of how much time people spend online. When that time is
measured in seconds, it is referred to as:
A:
Nominal measurement level
B:
Ordinal measurement level
C:
Ratio measurement level
126
It is often hard to determine the effectiveness of an advertising campaign,
because there are many variables involved that the researcher is unable to manipulate.
Which of the elements mentioned below are absolutely essential to make it possible to
make statements about a campaigns effectiveness at any level of validity?
A:
Control group
B:
Preliminary measurement
C:
Test market
127
Winanda wants to research the Gothic subculture. She dresses up like a
Goth, goes to Gothic parties and totally immerses herself in the culture. Other Goths see
her as one of them. She makes notes when no one is watching.
How do we refer to Winandas role?
A:
Complete participant

B:
C:

Complete observer
Participant as observer

128
A random sample is a selection of elements from a bigger collection or
population: the research population. There are three steps to take when drawing a
random sample. What would the first step be if, for example, one wishes to hold a market
research survey?
A:
Determine a random sampling procedure.
B:
Determine who is to be surveyed.
C:
Determine the required size of the random sample.
129
Which agency would you approach if you needed to gain insight into the
latest consumer trends and media spending?
A:
Esomar
B:
Nielsen
C:
Carat
130
One of the biggest disadvantages of a low survey response is:
A:
Insufficient data, which renders the survey less reliable.
B:
You cannot know whether there may be important differences between the
people who participated and those who did not participate.
C:
It does not matter, as long as you have a sufficient total number of
respondents to fulfil the minimum requirements of the random sample size.
131
The Esomar professional code comprises a detailed description of the rules
to which a researcher is bound. Which of the following statements is correct?
A:
The results of market research can be used to approach respondents
individually for other purposes.
B:
Researchers should not distribute the conclusions of market surveys that
are not adequately supported by the data.
C:
Following the completion of the survey, the researchers are entitled to link
the collected data to other data, as long as they thereby enrich previous research.
132
Researchers are using the Internet with increasing frequency as a medium
for research. Which one of the following statements best describes one possible
consequence of this trend?
A:
Research is becoming more reliable, because it is easier to make mutual
comparisons.
B:
It is becoming so easy to do research, that more and more online surveys
are being held.
C:
The validity of the research increases thanks to greater transparency.
133
The following are the data of a SPSS output. The data pertain to research
into the relationship between age (variable: age in years) and sickness (variable: number
of days sick per annum).
Correlations
AGE SICKNESS
AGE Pearson Correlation 1 .488(**)
Sig. (2-tailed) . .000
N 217 217
SICKNESS Pearson Correlation .488(**) 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .

N 217 217
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

The purpose of the study is to find out whether the personnel in the company get sick
more often as they grow older. Which of the following statements is correct? There is:
A:
A very significant positive correlation.
B:
A significant positive correlation.
C:
A significant negative correlation.
134
there is:
A:
B:
C:
135
use?
A:
B:
C:

To be able to conduct a meaningful regression analysis, it is important that

Hardly any correlation between the variables.
A strong to very strong correlation between the variables.
A negative correlation between the variables.
Approximately how many respondents does the NOM Print Monitor survey
600
3,000
25,000

136
The purpose of the national reach survey is to determine the mutual
comparability of the research results. The method developed to be able to do so is known
as:
A:
Multiple Source Study
B:
Multiple User Mass Media Study
C:
Single Source Reach Study
137
A:
B:
C:

What does intermediary factor refer to in mass media theory?

Mechanisms that filter information between the medium and the receiver.
Mass media that serve as intermediary between the public and government.
Mechanisms that filter information between the sender and the message.

138
You have been assigned the task of conducting research into the
experience of love, as experienced by visitors to online dating sites.
You and your colleagues want to reach agreement about the best way of determining that
experience; however, there is no neutral description of love with general, universal
validity.
Which concept will be used to indicate that the applicable concept is used based on
mutual agreement?
A:
Intersubjectivity
B:
Consensus production
C:
Democratic decision-making
139
The following are a number of ways to approach respondents for research:
by post, by telephone, personally or via the Internet. Which is the cheapest way of
approaching respondents.
A:
Telephone
B:
Personally
C:
Post

140
The Metamart researcher, Marc Lenssen, held an image study amongst
potential buyers of a new soft drink. He presented the target group with a number of
statements with the option of indicating their agreement on a scale of one to five. Marc
made use of a:
A:
Likert item
B:
Osgood scale
C:
Semantic differential
141
Research agency Metamart commissioned Carine Jorissen to draw a
random sample from the visitor database of the most recent Mystery Land event. The
requirement that was set for the validity of the study was a reliability interval of 95% and
accuracy of 3%. What should the size of the sample be in this situation?
A:
1,849
B:
1,076
C:
600