I.

Introduction

We are using the internet more than ever so as our mobile phones as a positive aspect of our
society. The internet and mobile phones are the two largest systems of communication that plays
an vital role in our day to day activities. Unfortunately, these are also being used negatively. As
mobile phone and internet use become increasingly common, so has the misuse of this
technology to bully. Current research in this area indicates that cyber bullying is a feature of
many young peoples lives.
Anyone of us can become victims due to their desire to use modern technology and their failure
to use safe Internet practices. Some people make use of the Internet to build websites to bully
others and post embarrassing pictures and messages on websites or online journals. It is difficult
to determine the person who is responsible for cyber-bullying because false names are used. A lot
of incidents of cyber-bullying should not be taken lightly because cyber-bullying is much more
destructive to the victims than traditional bullying. According to our research Anti-Bullying
Alliance found that 22% of young people reported being the target of cyber-bullying. Victims of
cyber bullying can feel alone and very misunderstood. They may not be able to identify and
know that what is happening to them is a form of bullying, or be confident that the adults around
them will understand it that way either. Previously safe and enjoyable environments and
activities can become threatening and a source of anxiety. Resulting to various problems not only
in physical but also in emotional, psychological and even mental aspects.

A. Background of the Study

Cyberbullying is not an uncommon occurrence among teens in this age group. Slightly more than
four in ten teens (43%) report that they have experienced some form of cyber bullying in the last
year. The incidence of cyber bullying is higher among females than males; and is most prevalent
among 15 and 16-year-olds, particularly among girls. More than half of this total age group
reported at least one cyber bullying incident in the past year. Teen cyber bully victims report that
immediately following an incident, they are likely to consider one or more actions, such as
asking the person to stop, using electronic means to block the person from communicating with
them, or talking with a friend. Teens are twice as likely to talk to a friend about the incident as to
talk with their parents or another adult. Teens report a wide range of emotions as a result of
experiencing cyber bullying from anger to embarrassment to indifference. Over half of cyber
bully victims report feeling angry (56%); one-third report feeling hurt (33%); a third report being
embarrassed (32%), and one in eight said they felt scared (13%). Females are more likely than
males to report all of these emotions; especially females ages 13 to 15. Many teens, however,
claim that the cyber bullying incident did not bother them. Though teens may not know
immediately, about three out of four report that they eventually figure out who cyberbullied
them. Often, this is a friend, someone they know from school or someone else they know. Fewer
than one in four teen victims (23%) was bullied by someone they dont know. This unknown
cyber bully was generally in a chat room saying mean or vicious things or someone sending cruel
or threatening emails, instant messages, or text messages. Most teens believe that people cyber
bully for one (or more) of these reasons: they think its funny (81%); they simply dont like
the person (64%); they view the victim as a loser (45%). Nearly six in ten teens (58%) said
the cyber bully probably didnt see the action as a big deal. Nearly half of teens said that cyber
bullying happens because the cyber bully doesnt perceive any tangible consequences (47%) or
feels he or she would not get caught (45%). Teens believe that cyber bullying prevention needs to
occur at three different levels individual actions, online institutions, and parent education -- but
most notably at the individual actions level. In teens views, the most effective way to prevent
cyber bullying is to be able to block people who cyber bully from communicating with the
victims (71%). The next most effective methods, according to teens, include simply refusing to
pass along cyber bully messages (62%), and telling their friends to stop cyber bullying (56%).
Slightly more than five in ten teens (56%) believe that online groups and Internet service

providers (ISPs) should have the moderators who can block cyber bullies messages. Forty-five
percent (45%) of teens say that parents should tell their kids that cyber bullying is wrong; 43
percent (43%) say that cyber bullying should be reported to an adult. Unlike face-to face
bullying, teens do not view cyber bullying as an issue that should be addressed by the school; in
fact, they feel that much of customary school intervention (large assemblies, etc.) would be
largely ineffective.

History of Bullying
Bullying, a definition The word bully can be traced back as far as the 1530s. (Harper, 2008). In
its most basic sense bullying involves two people, a bully or intimidator and a victim. The bully
abuses the victim through physical, * Keywords: bullying, cyber bullying, law, statistics,
prevention Email: rdonegan@elon.edu 34 The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in
Communications Vol. 3, No. 1 Spring 2012 verbal, or other means in order to gain a sense of
superiority and power. These actions may be direct (i.e. hitting, verbally assaulting face-to-face,
etc.) or indirect (i.e. rumors, gossip, etc.). Origins of bullying The desire to survive is instinctual
and common among all living things. Survival is associated directly with competition due to the
multitude of species and limited natural resources on the planet. Since the beginning of time
there has been a constant drive to out-perform others and overcome obstacles. This survival
instinct, along with a competitive atmosphere, has remained the same as the human race has
evolved. Both of these forces have flowed over into the educational, social, and economic
realms. This competitive hierarchy, though prevalent in most societies, varies across cultures
depending on their ethical systems, traditions, and the type of control exerted by the government.
Unfortunately, the U.S. capitalistic society inadvertently pushes the belief that success and
wealth go hand in hand. This ideology has shaped a nation where bullying is unintentionally
instilled as a survival tactic from a very young age. From the time an American child enters
grade school, he or she is taught to be the best he or she can. This seemingly innocent lesson can
morph as a child develops throughout his or her education. Students often learn corrupt ways to
get ahead in the highly competitive educational and social environments that grade school
presents. These bullying tactics may include pressuring others for answers on assignments to
attain higher grades, which leads toward better college opportunities, or spreading social rumors

about fellow students. These tactics are dangerous because once a student realizes their
effectiveness, he or she may construct a life style from them. Developing a habitual use of
bullying tactics can lead to negatively affecting a countless number of people as well as
corruption in the workplace. Traditional bullying vs. cyberbullying Technologys progression is
often equated with the advancement of human societies. Pivotal innovations, such as the Internet,
have forever changed how people interact. Though these developments have allowed the human
race to make great strides in many fields, they have also allowed forms of transgression to
become more rampant and widespread. This is evident when considering how traditional
bullying has evolved into an issue today known as cyberbullying. While bullying and
cyberbullying are often similar in terms of form and technique they also have many differences.
Unlike traditional bullying, cyberbullying allows the offender to mask his or her identity behind
a computer. This anonymity makes it easier for the offender to strike blows against a victim
without having to see the victims physical response. The distancing effect that technological
devices have on todays youth often leads them to say and do crueler things compared to what is
typical in a traditional face-to-face bullying situation. A technological evolution As technology
has evolved, bullying has proliferated. With the advent of the Internet, chat rooms soon followed.
Online forums provided a communal breeding ground for youth to assault one another
(Subrahmanyam & Greenfield, 2008). Chat rooms were supplemented by AOL Instant
Messenger (AIM), an online communication program that allowed teens to spend hours talking
to one another in private, one-on-one conversations or in public chat rooms. The program further
allowed youth to create group-specific chat rooms. This exclusive forum allowed for youth to get
together with select groups of friends and talk about the latest gossip. Online innovations have
continued due to telecommunication advances. The advent of cell phones in the late 1960s and
early 1970s changed the way people communicated (Shiels, 2003). However, these portable
communication devices did not become widespread, or make it into a majority of youths hands,
until the appearance of the second generation of digital network phones in the 1990s. After that,
they spread like wildfire. According to a study conducted by the Pew Research Center, 75% of
12-17 year-olds own cell phones, which increased from 45% in 2004 and one-in-three teens
sends 3,000 text messages per month (Lenhart, 2010). Though many parents believe that they are
purchasing a cell phone for their child for protective reasons, the opposite may be true as many
youths admit to utilizing their phones as an instrument for cyberbullying. Further progress on the

Internet brought about more and more websites and with this came the advent of social media.
The site MySpace is often considered the pioneer of social media. MySpace allows individual
users to create their own unique profiles and interact in cyberspace with friends and foes alike.
Bullying and Cyberbullying by Richard Donegan 35 Online publication of personal
information is dangerous because it allows many people to see a side of a person more often kept
private in a face-to-face interaction. This vulnerability puts many teens in a position as either the
victim or active offender partaking in cyberbullying actions. Another aspect of social media that
can be misleading and hazardous is the ability to create alias profiles. The ability for teens to
mask their identities provides them with an opportunity to say anything to another individual
without the worry of any repercussions. Social media sites, such as Facebook and Google+, are
prone to abuses like cyberbullying. Anonymous blogging is another technological advancement
that has fostered cyberbullying activity and fueled ethical debate. On sites, such as College ACB
and Juicy Campus, which have both recently faced tightened regulations due to their verbally
abusive nature, youth (typically of college age) were able to login and comment anonymously in
an open forum. The forum included harsh topics ranging from Most Attractive to Worst
Hookup. The sites even included certain topic headings that were simply a persons name under
which people could post insulting comments. These blogging sites are illustrative of the most
dramatic forms of cyberbullying thus far.
Status of cyberbullying Studies have indicated that the number of youth reporting cyberbullying
instances varies greatly depending on the definition of the term and the age of those surveyed. In
the following study, Sameer Hinduja and Justin W. Patchin, of the Cyberbullying Research
Center, sampled 4,441 teens, ranging in age from 11 to 18, from a large school district in the
southern U.S. In this study, the researchers defined cyberbullying as when someone repeatedly
makes fun of another person online or repeatedly picks on another person through email or text
message or when someone posts something online about another person that they dont like
(Hinduja & Patchin, 2010c, p. 1). Victimization According to their results, cyberbullying
victimization rates have varied in the past few years, ranging between 18.8 percent in May 2007
and 28.7 percent in Nov. 2009 with a mean of 27.32 percent based on 7 different studies from
May 2007-Feb. 2010. Cyberbullying offending rates have varied in a broader spectrum than
victimization rates, ranging between 20.1 percent in June 2004 and 11.5 percent in Nov. 2009
with a mean of 16.76 percent based on 7 different studies from June 2004 to February 2010

(Hinduja & Patchin, 2010g, p. 1). Several specific types of victimization and cyberbullying were
discovered through a survey taken in 2010. The survey discovered that the highest concentration
of victimizations and cyberbullying offenses occurred in the following areas respectively: mean
or hurtful comments posted online (14.3%, 8.8%), rumors online (13.3%, 6.8%), threats through
a cell phone text message (8.4%, 5.4%) (Hinduja & Patchin, 2010e, p. 1). Another important
factor that Hinduja and Patchin brought to light was what type of technology a teen primarily
uses. According to a 2010 study, which asked teens what role technology played in their daily
lives, cell phones were used the most (83%), followed by the Internet for school work (50.8%),
and then Facebook (50.1%) (Hinduja & Patchin, 2010h, p. 1). This points to cell phones and the
Internet as the two primary mediums used for cyberbullying. Cyberbullying proved to vary by
gender as well. Based on a 2010 study involving a random sample of 2,212 teen males and 2,162
teen females, the male to female ratio varied the most in the following three areas: victimization
within a persons lifetime (16.6% for males vs. 25.1% for females), admitted to a cyberbullying
offense within a persons lifetime (17.5% for males vs. 21.3% for females), and had a hurtful
comment posted about oneself online (10.5% for males vs. 18.2% for females) (Hinduja &
Patchin, 2010b, p. 1). This information may be biased due to the reticence among males about
admitting a past bullying experience. Nevertheless, it is interesting that females reported a higher
percentage in all categories. Bullying hierarchy As with most competitive atmospheres, the social
struggle among todays youth has an evident hierarchy. Bullying is a component of this hierarchy
and has its own structure. According to Dr. Dan Olweus, there 36 The Elon Journal of
Undergraduate Research in Communications Vol. 3, No. 1 Spring 2012 are seven different
levels within the bullying ladder: the students who want to bully and initiate the action, their
followers or henchmen, supporters or passive bullies, passive supporters or possible bullies,
disengaged onlookers, possible defenders, and defenders who dislike the action of bullying and
help those that are victimized (Olweus, 2001). Dismantling the aggressive portion of this ladder
and shifting students to a deterring mindset must be a fundamental part of any prevention
program.

B. The Case
Cyber-bullying has a lot of meaning, cyber-bullying can be defined as "when the Internet, cell
phones or other devices are used to send or post text or images intended to hurt or embarrass
another person" or as "a situation when a child or teen is repeatedly 'tormented, threatened,
harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted' by another child or teenager using text
messaging, e-mail, instant messaging or any other type of digital technology." The last definition
I gave refers only to teens or children because bullying through the internet or cell-phones from
adults to adults can be referred to as cyber-stalking which due to word limitation I will not go
into. It is when an adolescent, child or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated or
otherwise targeted by another minor, through an internet service. This includes email, chat
rooms, discussion groups, online social networking, instant messaging or web pages.
Furthermore, it can include bullying through mobile phone technologies such as SMS. CyberBullying is only considered as such if it is a minor on both sides, or at least was initiated by a
minor against another, and once an adult becomes involved, it is considered as cyber-harassment
or Cyber Stalking. A cyber-bullying situation can be as simple as sending e-mails to someone
that wants no further contact with you but it can also be very serious when it includes threats or
sexual bullying or when a forum is created and that person is ridiculed. Cyber-bullies may post
personal data of their victims at websites or forums or even pretend to be someone else in order
to publish different material to the victim's name that diminishes or humiliates him. The biggest
percentage of the bullies use pretty much the same tactic as they send threatening messages to
their victim or call them mean names.

II.

Statement of the Problem

Cyber-bullying has become wild in the social media world. It is one of the biggest issues not
only in schools but in the workforce. There is no age where cyber bullying is accepts, nor does it
stop. Cyber bullying is now much harder to control as most of the time it is done out of school
hours and through social networking sites. This form of bullying is severely and negatively
affecting many people involved.
One of the devastating effects of becoming a victim of cyber-bullying is severe isolation, so
when these victims begin to feel hopeless and even suicidal about their situations, they often do
not reach out for help from their parents, friends, or teachers. Students, who feel completely
alone, like no one else has ever experienced what they are going through, might be pushed to act
on their suicidal feelings. Thus the most damaging psychological effect of that can occur is
suicide Victims are suffering lower self-esteem, increased suicidal ideation, and a variety of
emotional responses, including cyber bullying back, being scared, frustrated, angry, and
depressed. One of the most damaging effects clear in todays society is that a victim begins to
avoid friends and daily activities.
At least three children between the ages of 12 and 13 have committed suicide due depression
brought on by cyber-bullying.*
It is clear that an increased attention must be paid to the ever-expanding issue of cyber-bullying,
by parents, students, teachers and governments of the world.
As teenagers, We are not immune to factors that influence everybody else in our society. I am
very concerned about what is happening, therefore wanted to look into the reasons behind cyberbullying and who should be blamed for it. Is there any way for cyber-bullying to be stopped?

III.

Short Term Solutions

One of the possible short term solution of cyber bullying is that in order to lessen or eradicate
this problem, it should always start with ourselves because we are the ones using these modern
technologies and we should be more responsible in using it and we should think before we post
or reply. We should also avoid make a conflict in the social media world because it is also a form
of cyber bullying. Moreover, these are some of the immediate steps to avoid cyberbullying:

For kids and teens

1. Know that its not your fault. What people call bullying is sometimes an argument
between two people. But if someone is repeatedly cruel to you, thats bullying and you
mustnt blame yourself. No one deserves to be treated cruelly.

2. Dont respond or retaliate. Sometimes a reaction is exactly what aggressors are looking
for because they think it gives them power over you, and you dont want to empower a
bully. As for retaliating, getting back at a bully turns you into one and can turn one
mean act into a chain reaction. If you can, remove yourself from the situation. If you
cant, sometimes humor disarms or distracts a person from bullying.

3. Save the evidence. The only good news about bullying online or on phones is that it can
usually be captured, saved, and shown to someone who can help. You can save that
evidence in case things escalate. [Visit ConnectSafely.org/cyberbullying for instructions
on how to capture screens on phones and computers.]

4. Tell the person to stop. This is completely up to you dont do it if you dont feel totally
comfortable doing it, because you need to make your position completely clear that you

will not stand for this treatment any more. You may need to practice beforehand with
someone you trust, like a parent or good friend.

5. Reach out for help especially if the behaviors really getting to you. You deserve
backup. See if theres someone who can listen, help you process whats going on and
work through it a friend, relative or maybe an adult you trust.

IV. Long Term Solutions

Education can help considerably in preventing and dealing with the consequences of cyberbullying. The first place to begin an education campaign is with the kids and teens themselves.
Adolescents need to know how to avoid becoming a cyber bully, how to be responsible for their
actions and not to stand by and allow bullying to be acceptable.
Teaching teens to Take 5! before responding to something they encounter online is a good
place to start. An effort should be made to calm the victim down, so thoughts and actions remain
rational. This may include doing yoga, or deep-breathing as well as running, playing catch or
shooting hoops. It may involve taking a bath or talking on the phone with trustworthy friends and
family. Victims should find a way that is comfortable and effective for them. If they do, they will
often not become a cyber bully in return. Teaching them the consequences of their actions (or
soon to be), often prevents cyber bullying also, as adolescents often dont realise that in some
cases of cyber-bullying, the police force can actually become involved.
It must also be recognised that few cyber bullying campaigns can succeed without the selfsatisfaction and the often help of other kids. If we can help kids understand how much bullying
hurts, fewer may cooperate with the cyber bullies. They will think twice before participating in
hurtful cyber behaviour. Teens need to be taught not to stand silently by while others are being
tormented.
In addition to not lending their efforts to continue the cyber bullying, if given an anonymous

method of reporting cyber bullying Web sites, profiles and campaigns, teens can help put an end
to cyber bullying entirely. School administration, community groups and even school policing
staff can receive these anonymous tips and take action quickly when necessary to shut down the
site, profile or stop the cyber bullying itself.
They can even let others know that they wont allow cyber bullying, supporting the victim,
making it clear that they wont be used to torment others and that they care about the feelings of
others is key.

V. Documentation
Cyberbullying Statistics
We conducted an informal survey on the last quarter of 2012 to get a grasp of the Philippine
cyberbullying situation. Since cyberbullying and bullying incidents remain under reported,
except the group bullying that mobbed amalayer and I was not informed, we thought why
not do a survey to get some facts of the day to day and almost ignoredcyberbullying incidents.
Though this is non conclusive, it gives us idea how things are on the dark alley of the cyber
world where bullying and harassment takes place.
Herewith are cyberbullying statistics of the online survey we conducted:
AGE GROUP OF THOSE WHO SAID THEY ARE BULLIED:

53% Adult (18+)

47% Minor (17 and below)

SEX:

57% Female

43% Male
OBJECT OF ATTACK (Top 3)

Attack on reputation

Attack on appearance

Attack against the victims opinion

NATURE OF ATTACK (Top 3)

Spreading photoshopped image

Spreading videos that are supposedly private

Poser/ Spreading lies

PLATFORM USED (Top 3)

Facebook

Cellphone (distant second)

Blogs
SHARED THE INCIDENT WITH

Friend

Parents (distant second)

Sibling
OTHERS

79% were bullied by one person

21% were bullied by a group

The cyberbullying statistics suggests that girls are more susceptible to cyberbullying, is no
respecter of age. Filipinocyber bullies appear to be creative since more than words, they use
photoshopped images to hurt their victims. Others use supposed private videos as means to
harass there victims. Identity theft also plays a big role on cyber harassment.
Facebook as the most popular social networking in the Philippines, is also the primary platform
of bullies. And because we can easily purchase a prepaid sim card, cell phone comes second
while blogs come third.
It is also interesting to note that Filipino victims are more transparent to their friends than family.
Finally, this cyberbullying statistics revealed an interesting point worthy of a separate blog post,
bullied because of unpopular opinion.
Facebook has opened many opportunities as a communication tool, however, it also paved a new
way for abusers to expand the reach and the extent of the harm they do. As many as the fan
pages that runs rampant through the Facebook groups feature are the hate groups or the Anti-
groups of such pages. One example is 16-year-old Chienna Filomenos We hate Chienna
Filomeno group. Her hate groups posts are always derogatory to young Chienna and the
comments even more so. The moderator of the hate group would post pictures of her in

compromising positions and encourage the commenters to post their opinions, which are usually
mean and unforgiving. Chienna Filomeno is a cosplayer from a prominent high school in Manila
and sometimes people claiming to be her schoolmates would post there and say thing like, Ay!
Kilala ko yan sa school! Malandi talaga yan! (Oh! I know her from our school! She really is
promiscuous!) One of the posts on the group showed Chienna on a bed with her former
boyfriend, followed by a post of her former boyfriend implying that Chienna is no longer a
virgin. There were no holds barred on the virtual audience. Many were calling her names and
questioning even her parents values, some pitied her and tried to vindicate her actions but they
were soon met with malicious replies enough for them to give up.
There are many detrimental outcomes of cyberbullying. Many targets of cyberbullying report
feeling depressed, sad, angry, and frustrated. And some victims who experience cyberbullying
are also afraid or embarrassed to go to school. Victims of cyberbullying also tend to develop low
self-esteem. Research also shows that there are links between cyberbullying and family
problems, academic problems, school violence, and delinquent behaviour. And while the
cyberbully rarely inflicts physical harm to their victims, the psychological damage they cause, if
bad enough, can compel the cybervictims to inflict physical harm on themselves. In fact, there
have already been a number of young people around the world taking their own lives due to
cyberbullying.
Derrick, a 14-year-old highschool student, confessed that ever since he realized his gender
preference in Elementary, he has long since accepted the fact that there would always be people
who would be critical of him. However, he still gets pretty upset whenever some people call him
names online. Some even text him using a number he doesnt recognize and slams him for being
a homosexual. He said that he is not sure about the identity of his attackers and that the sense of
not knowing who his attackers are has developed into some sort of paranoia. Paminsan-minsan
hindi ko na kilala kung sino ang mga kaibigan ko at sino ang mga kaaway ko. (Sometimes I
dont even know who my friends are and who my enemies are.) One time, the abuse got so bad
that he refused to go to school for two days. His parents were worried but he never told his
parents about what he was going through because he was afraid that they would not understand
his situation. Also, he thinks that telling them wont do anything good anyway.
Cyberbullying can be much worse than the traditional bullying as it has more vicious
characteristics. First, of course, is the anonymity of the cyberbully. Although in reality the

victims of cyberbullying may actually know who their attacker is, it will just be lost behind the
cloak of anonymous email addresses, pseudonymous screen names, or private cellphone
numbers. The very small likelihood of tracing where the message came from actually encourages
the negative behaviour. It strips the cyberbully of his inhibitions and frees him from the
constraints of consequences. It can be very easy to be cruel with the use of technology. A study
by Michele L. Ybarra and Kimberly J. Mitchell, which examined youth engaging in online
harassment, found that adolescents who would not act aggressively in the traditional bullying
scenario might feel less constrained on-line. The anonymity associated with online interactions
may strip away many aspects of socially accepted roles, leading the Internet to act as a potential
equaliser for aggressive acts. As communication is no longer bound by time or space, a
cyberbully can send an untraceable offensive message from any computer in any caf or private
laptop or cellphone at whatever time of day or night.
In todays world where communication is 24/7, it is becoming more and more difficult to be
separated from your own mobile device. It has come to the point where not owning one can lead
to ostracism. As Hinduja & Patchin has observed, the youth has completely embraced
interactions via cellphones and computers. And since the victims themselves cannot be parted
from their own handheld gadget, they become more vulnerable to the abuse. They always have
the option of leaving their mobile gadget off but then it isolates them from the incoming
messages that are actually of some importance or relevance. Mario, a 3rd year high school
student here, said, Paano pag biglang tumawag si mama? Paano pag emergency? Pag
naiwan ko wallet ko sa bahay, ok lang sakin kasi pwede naman ako mangutang sa mga
kaibigan ko. Pero pag cellphone ko na yung naiwankulang na lang liparin ko yung bahay
namin. (What if my mother calls? What if theres an emergency? Im okay with accidentally
leaving my wallet at home because I can always borrow some money from my friends but if I
leave my cellphone at homeI have to go back even if I need to fly home.)
In the Philippines, we often hear celebrities like Sarah Geronimo being victims of cyberbullying.
Celebrities are often the victims of identity theft as people use their names and pictures to create
an account for their personal use. But even from the stars themselves, there are cyberbullies.

References
https://ictissues.wikispaces.com/Cyber+Bullying+-+The+Issue
https://ictissues.wikispaces.com/Cyber+Bullying++Possible+Solutions+and+Strategies
csus-dspace.calstate.edu/.../KELLEY%20ANDERSON%20Final%20For...

http://www.ncpc.org/resources/files/pdf/bullying/Teens%20and%20Cyberbullying
%20Research%20Study.pdf

http://www.cyberbullying.org/facts/
http://www.cyberbullying.org/summary-of-our-research-2/
http://asksonnie.info/cyberbullying-statistics/

https://www.elon.edu/docs/eweb/academics/communications/research/vol3no1/04doneganejspring12.pdf

CASE STUDY:
CYBER BULLYING
PRESENTED BY:

JAYSON PATRICK D. QUITORIANO

EDCELL DAROG
RICHELLE ANNE PRESTO

SUBMITTED TO: