Towler CH11

T
P
F
W
AC
Total flow
T
P

L
Feed
Feed 2 Combined Feed Top D
Bottom
140
38
140.253
143.8405
6
4
4
4
19.00891 31.78045
51
30.37011 0.114101
1776.331 32.51689
1809
463.5384 1776.337
15.24537 0.0274331
15
0.0914763 15.24068
1811

64

144
4

C
bar

1875
Process
F
W
AC
Total

494

1792

16
281
80.3
377.3

kt/y
kt/y
kt/y
kt/y

zi
0.027
0.965
0.008
1.00

Kizi
26
0.913
0.000
27
>1.0

hg
x
x
x

hf
x
x
x

Feed
Flow
F
W
AC
Total
Check

61
2189
18
2269

kmol/h
kmol/h
kmol/h
kmol/h

Ki
965.36884
0.9464479
0.0217691

H Vap
Flow
F
W
AC
Total

L
V
Fraction vapourised
W

61
2189
18
2269

kmol/h
kmol/h
kmol/h
kmol/h

xi
0.0001389
0.9895361
0.010325

Vap rate
Mr
18.460135 kg/mol
density
27.801948 kg/mol
Viscosity
1.49 mPa.s

967 viscosity
2.26

Data zi

kmol/h
kmol/h
kmol/h

0.027
0.965
0.008

kmol/h

1.000

96.1
18.0
60.1

Know L
F
W
AC
Total flow

kg/kmol
kg/kmol F
kg/kmol W
AC
kmol /h

yi (mol frac top)

6.15E-02
0.94
0.00
494
L/V

zi/Ki
0.000
1.019
0.374
1.4
>1.0

Tc C
397
374
321.6

hfg
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

xi(hfg)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

3.9
Ai=L/Vki
Vi=Fzi/(1+Ai)
0.0040399066
61.23
4.1206704858
428
179
0.10
V calc
489
L/V
3.64
% dif
-7.09
L
1780

1.85E-04 From condenser

1.38E-005

hfg

42.8
2153
405

Feed
19.00891
1776.331
15.24537
1811

Conc Data
xi (mol frac bot)
6.37E-05
0.99
0.01
1792
Flash Calc
From distil

kJ/mol
kJ/kg
kJ/kg

Feed 2
31.78045
32.51689
0.0274331
64

F1+F2
51
1809
15
1875

Top D
30.37011
463.5384
0.0914763
494

Bottom
0.114101
1776.337
15.24068
1805

Conc Data
yi (mol frac xi (mol frac bot)
0.012
0.00024
0.987
0.96300
0.001
0.0367604
14010222 3473072
Flash Calc
yi=Vi/V
0.125
0.875
0.000

42.8
38786.898
24320
37620

3.9
xi=(Fzi-Vi)/L
0.000
0.990
0.010

kJ/mol

Mr
Mr

45.341432
18.01528
60.05

kg/kmol
kg/kmol
kg/kmol

Design Input
Process Stream
Description
P (barg)
Rates

Boiling point
Mr
Tc
Latent heat
Saturation temp
Mean overall T
Reduced temp
Design heat flux, Fig 12.61 Towler
Heat load (duty)
Area required
ID tube
thickness
corrosion allowance
OD tube
L tube
Area 1 tube
Number of tubes
Pitch type
Pitch
Pass
n1
K1
D bundle (sq)
Type of tube sheet
Clearance, Fig 12.10
ID shell
Total tube CSA
D outlet pipe
Liquid density at base of HEX
Relative Mr at tube entry
Relative Mr vapor at exit
Average
Volume Vapor
Volume liquid
Total volume

Reboiler feed
4
36000
315

barg
kg/h
kt/y
Physical Properties

Reboiler feed
142.5
C
18.4
kg/kmol Average, from DISTIL
321.6
C
37620
kJ/mol
Mean overall T, area
37.5
C
0.56
35000
W/m2
20,463,398
W
585
m2
Tube
0.05
m
0.002
0.0005
0.0525
m
3.66
m
0.575
m2
1,017
Square
1.25
1
2.207
0.215
2.428
m
Shell
Fixed tube sheet, bcs vertical thermosiphon
0.019
m
2.447
m
Outlet pipe
1.997
m2
1.59
m
Phases
967
kg/m3
18.5
kg/mol
27.8
kg/mol
23.1
#VALUE!
2.62
m3/s
#VALUE!

Exit density
Mass flow rate
CSA tube
Total CSA bundle
Mass flux
Viscosity, taken as L

Critical pressure F
Critical pressure W
Critical pressure
q for mostinski
h_nb
Vapor quality (mass vap/total), x
Viscosity vapor
Density vapor at tube exit
1/Xtt
k, L
Cp, L
Pr L
Mass flow, L only in tubes
Mass flux, L only in tubes
Velocity
Re_L
j_h
Nu
Viscosity correction factor
h_i
f_c convective boiling factor
f_s nucleate suppression boiling factor
h_cb at outlet conditions

#VALUE! kg/m3
Friction Loss
kg/s
m2

74650
0.0020
1.9968
37384
1.85E-04

55.02
220.6
55.02

3319.1
0.2
1.38E-05
2.26
4.99
0.688
4200
1.24
1.00
1
0.0005
135
0.004
1
1
1.9
8
1,680
0.50
1,674

Re_L at inlet
j_h
Nu
h_i
Mean coefficient

272
0.003
1
3
838

Steam coefficient
ho IGNORE
hof
hi
hif IGNORE
Material, kw IGNORE

8000
2923
8000
838
5000
21.4

kg/m2/s
Static Pressure in Tubes
Available Head
Heat Transfer
bar
bar
bar
Nucleate boiling coefficient
W/m2.C
Pa.s
kg/m3
W/mK
J/kgK
water, fluid
kg/s
kg/m2/s
m/s
-

check formula

W/m2/C

check formula
check formula
W/m2/C
Overall U
W/m2/C
W/m2K
W/m2K
W/m2K
W/m2K
W/m2K

1/U
Calculated U
q
dTlm
Required U
Check

0.0014
726
3
37.5
933
-25
1

W/m2/C
W
C
W/m2.C
%
1

Design Input
ocess Stream
Vapour return
489
284

Liquid return
kmol/h
kt/y

494
32

Utility Stream
Heat source
10
barg

kmol/h
kt/y

hysical Properties

Vapour return
144
l Average, from DISTIL

Liquid return

ean overall T, area

20,463,398
Tube
50
2
0.5

mm
mm
mm
mm

Shell
ermosiphon

CHECK

Outlet pipe

Phases

xx
666

Heat source
180
C

Friction Loss

2.00E-04

tic Pressure in Tubes

Available Head
Heat Transfer

22060000
5502000
Pa
eate boiling coefficient

0.00001

1.34E-05

1.12

1.13E+00

3.5

2.5

Overall U
From condenser
water cold
process

2923

From condenser

0.0019896657

limit

-30

30

Flow bottoms (kt/y)

T
W
AC
F

289
281
8.03
0.00289

0.9723183
0.0277855

Temp
P (barg)

144
4

0.00001

Average, from DIS

Gas constant R
Vapourisation rate
Aspen duty
New vapourisation ra
New vapourisation ra
New Liq rate
New Liq rate

489 kmol/h
16,604,000 W
283.824 kt/y
9 kg/s
1 kg/s
31.536 kt/y

general

ID+thickness+corrosion 0.5 mm
general size, from 1.83m for vacuum service to 3.66m for pressure operation.

re: Tube layout sheet

re: Tube layout sheet

re: Fig 12.10

convective boiling coefficient Chen'smethod

This is for FU only

Mostinski eqn

From Condenser data

From condenser

can use Gde re condensation

re: Fig 12.23
Neglect
re:Fig12.58
re:Fig12.59

re:Fig12.23

293
Average, from DISTIL

Design Input
Process Stream
Description
P (barg)
Rates

Boiling point
Mr
Tc
Latent heat
Saturation temp
Mean overall T
Reduced temp
Design heat flux, Fig 12.61 Towler
Heat load (duty)
Area required
ID tube
thickness
corrosion allowance
OD tube
L tube
Area 1 tube
Number of tubes
Pitch type
Pitch
Pass
n1
K1
D bundle (sq)
Type of tube sheet
Clearance, Fig 12.10
ID shell
Total tube CSA
D outlet pipe
Liquid density at base of HEX
Relative Mr at tube entry
Relative Mr vapor at exit
Average
Volume Vapor
Volume liquid
Total volume

Reboiler feed
4
18000
158

barg
kg/h
kt/y
Physical Properties

Reboiler feed
142.5
C
18.4
kg/kmol Average, from DISTIL
321.6
C
37620
kJ/mol
Mean overall T, area
37.5
C
0.56
35000
W/m2
10,231,699
W
292
m2
Tube
0.05
m
0.002
0.0005
0.0525
m
3.66
m
0.575
m2
508
Square
1.25
1
2.207
0.215
1.774
m
Shell
Fixed tube sheet, bcs vertical thermosiphon
0.019
m
1.793
m
Outlet pipe
0.998
m2
1.13
m
Phases
967
kg/m3
18.5
kg/mol
27.8
kg/mol
23.1
#VALUE!
2.62
m3/s
#VALUE!

Exit density
Mass flow rate
CSA tube
Total CSA bundle
Mass flux
Viscosity, taken as L

Critical pressure F
Critical pressure W
Critical pressure
q for mostinski
h_nb
Vapor quality (mass vap/total), x
Viscosity vapor
Density vapor at tube exit
1/Xtt
k, L
Cp, L
Pr L
Mass flow, L only in tubes
Mass flux, L only in tubes
Velocity
Re_L
j_h
Nu
Viscosity correction factor
h_i
f_c convective boiling factor
f_s nucleate suppression boiling factor
h_cb at outlet conditions

#VALUE! kg/m3
Friction Loss
kg/s
m2

37325
0.0020
0.9984
37384
1.85E-04

55.02
220.6
55.02

3319.1
0.2
1.38E-05
2.26
4.99
0.688
4200
1.24
0.50
1
0.0005
135
0.004
1
1
1.9
8
1,680
0.50
1,674

Re_L at inlet
j_h
Nu
h_i
Mean coefficient

272
0.003
1
3
838

Steam coefficient
ho IGNORE
hof
hi
hif IGNORE
Material, kw IGNORE

8000
2923
8000
838
5000
21.4

kg/m2/s
Static Pressure in Tubes
Available Head
Heat Transfer
bar
bar
bar
Nucleate boiling coefficient
W/m2.C
Pa.s
kg/m3
W/mK
J/kgK
water, fluid
kg/s
kg/m2/s
m/s
-

check formula

W/m2/C

check formula
check formula
W/m2/C
Overall U
W/m2/C
W/m2K
W/m2K
W/m2K
W/m2K
W/m2K

1/U
Calculated U
q
dTlm
Required U
Check

0.0014
726
6
37.5
933
-25
1

W/m2/C
W
C
W/m2.C
%
1

Design Input
ocess Stream
Vapour return
489
142

Liquid return
kmol/h
kt/y

494
16

Utility Stream
Heat source
10
barg

kmol/h
kt/y

hysical Properties

Vapour return
144
l Average, from DISTIL

Liquid return

ean overall T, area

10,231,699
Tube
50
2
0.5

mm
mm
mm
mm

Shell
ermosiphon

CHECK

Outlet pipe

Phases

xx
666

Heat source
180
C

Friction Loss

2.00E-04

tic Pressure in Tubes

Available Head
Heat Transfer

22060000
5502000
Pa
eate boiling coefficient

0.00001

1.34E-05

1.12

1.13E+00

3.5

2.5

Overall U
From condenser
water cold
process

2923

From condenser

0.0019896657

limit

-30

30

Flow bottoms (kt/y)

T
W
AC
F

289
281
8.03
0.00289

0.9723183
0.0277855

Temp
P (barg)

144
4

0.00001

Average, from DIS

Gas constant R
Vapourisation rate
Aspen duty
New vapourisation ra
New vapourisation ra
New Liq rate
New Liq rate

489 kmol/h
16,604,000 W
283.824 kt/y
9 kg/s
1 kg/s
31.536 kt/y

general

ID+thickness+corrosion 0.5 mm
general size, from 1.83m for vacuum service to 3.66m for pressure operation.

re: Tube layout sheet

re: Tube layout sheet

re: Fig 12.10

convective boiling coefficient Chen'smethod

This is for FU only

Mostinski eqn

From Condenser data

From condenser

can use Gde re condensation

re: Fig 12.23
Neglect
re:Fig12.58
re:Fig12.59

re:Fig12.23

293
Average, from DISTIL

Towler

Towler

P
T
Hvap
kf
kg
Duty
Mass steam

10.0
187
1,989,000
0.631
0.045

bar
C
J/kg
W/mK

20,463,398
10.29
324.5
10.2882846

W
kg/s
kt/y

460

Want 10 kg/s

P
T
Hvap

31.7
237
1,773,000

bar
C
J/kg

510

A
fd
fm
fp
Cb
C

6293.313 sqft
0.775824
1.9
1.1
83446.38
###
$

Utube
CS/304
4-6 bar

0
281
8.03
289.03

0.00
0.97
0.03