Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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TEMPOS VERBAIS
Na lngua inglesa existem 12 tempos verbais:
Presente
1.
2.
3.
4.
Simple Present
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
(Presente
(Presente
(Presente
(Presente
Simples)
Contnuo)
Perfeito)
Perfeito Contnuo)
(Passado
(Passado
(Passado
(Passado
Simples)
Contnuo)
Perfeito)
Perfeito Contnuo)
Passado
1.
2.
3.
4.
Simple Past
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
Futuro
1.
2.
3.
4.
Simple Future
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
(Futuro
(Futuro
(Futuro
(Futuro
Simples)
Contnuo)
Perfeito)
Perfeito Contnuo)
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SIMPLE PAST
SIMPLE FUTURE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
PAST
CONTINUOUS
FUTURE
CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
FUTURE PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
FUTURE PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
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PRESENT
1) SIMPLE PRESENT
The famous VERB TO BE (O famoso verbo ser/estar)
Pronoun
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Verb to be
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
Pronome
Eu
Voc
Ele
Ela
Isso
Ns
Vocs
Eles
Verbo to be
sou/estou
/est
/est
/est
/est
somos/estamos
so/esto
so/esto
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Verb to eat
eat
eat
We
You
They
Verb to dance
dance
dance
Verb to study
study
study
eats
dances
studies
eat
eat
eat
dance
dance
dance
study
study
study
plays
enjoys
dances
writes
reads
(brincar, jogar)
(divertir-se, desfrutar)
(danar)
(escrever)
(ler)
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goes
kisses
washes
watches
mixes
buzzes
(ir)
(beijar)
(lavar)
(assistir)
(misturar)
(zumbir)
cry
study
carries
cries
studies
(carregar, levar)
(chorar)
(estudar)
EXCEO:
have
has
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Negativa
She
Verbo to
be
is
They
are
Sujeito
NOT
Complemento
not
pretty.
Ela no bonita.
not
angry.
Interrogativa
Verbo to be
Is
Are
Sujeito
she
they
Complemento
pretty?
angry?
Ela bonita?
Eles esto nervosos?
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sejam
obedecidos
para he/she/it
para as demais pessoas do verbo to be
Sujeito
she
you
John
Verbo
like
speak
play
Complemento
cake?
English?
soccer?
Do/Does
[negativa]
doesn't/does not
don't/do not
doesn't/does not
Verbo
like
speak
play
Complemento
cake.
English.
soccer.
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para
estruturar
Lembrem-se: no
sentenas
negativas
ou
se usa auxiliar em frases
Ex.
Do you like to study?
Does she cook well?
I don't know her.
She doesn't understand math
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Verbo to be
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
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swim
swimming (nadando)
Quando o verbo tem 2 ou mais slabas (2 casos)
1) Quando a ltima slaba tnica
dobra-se a ltima letra e acrescenta-se ING.
Ex.
beginning (comeando)
admitting (admitindo)
negrito
forgetting (esquecendo)
forget
begin
admit
*slaba tnica em
opening
happening
(abrindo)
(acontecendo)
negrito
whisper whispering (cochichando)
*slaba tnica em
sewing
snowing
playing
studying
mixing
fixing
(costurando)
(nevando)
(jogando/tocando/brincando)
(estudando)
(misturando)
(consertando)
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Exceo:
See
Be
loving
writing
driving
(abrindo)
(escrevendo)
(dirigindo)
seeing
Being
(vendo)
(sendo/estando)
tying
dying
lying
(amarrando)
(morrendo)
(mentindo)
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Eu estive na China
Ela nunca viajou para o Brasil
Voc cometeu um grande
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Have/Has
have
Hs
Hs
Past
Participle
fallen
broken
done
Complemento
asleep.
the vase.
the dishes.
Eu adormeci.
Ele quebrou o vaso.
Ela lavou a loua.
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Quando a ao j se completou ou
quando queremos enfatizar o
resultado.
Quando a ao ainda no se
completou ou quando queremos
enfatizar a durao
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Have/
Has
Been
have
been
doing
many things
lately.
We
have
been
working
together for
years.
Sujeito
Complemento
Eu tenho estado
fazendo muitas coisas
ultimamente.
Ns temos estado
trabalhando juntos h
anos.
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Verb to be
was
were
was
was
was
were
You
They
were
were
Pronome
Eu
Voc
Ele
Ela
Isso
Ns
Vocs
Eles
Verbo to be
era/estava
era/estava
era/estava
era/estava
era/estava
eramos/estvamos
eram/estavam
eram/estavam
Verb to eat
ate
ate
Verb to dance
danced
danced
Verb to study
studied
studied
ate
danced
studied
ate
ate
ate
danced
danced
danced
studied
studied
studied
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kissed
watched
washed
mixed
fixed
waited
(beijar)
(assistir)
(lavar)
(misturar)
(consertar)
(esperar)
removed
loved
smoked
lived
(remover)
(amar)
(fumar)
(viver)
Y:
Se precedido de vogal: Adiciona-se ED.
Ex.
play
destroy
played
destroyed
(brincar, jogar)
(destruir)
cry
study
carried
cried
studied
(carregar, levar)
(chorar)
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chopped
stepped
preferred
admitted
controlled
(picar)
(pisar)
(preferir)
(admitir)
(controlar)
EXCEES
Nos verbos terminados em X e W, no devemos dobrar a ltima
consoante.
Ex.
fix
show
fixed
showed
(consertar)
(mostrar)
Quanto aos verbos irregulares, eles no seguem uma regra para sua
alterao quando no passado. preciso conhecer caso a caso. E sim,
so muuuuuuuitos casos. Para facilitar o conhecimento deles,
disponibilizarei - em breve - um material extra com uma lista para
consulta dos verbos irregulares e sua forma no passado. Por hora,
vejam alguns exemplos:
read
have
go
speak
read
had
went
spoke
(ler)
(ter)
(ir)
(falar)
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Verbo to
be
was
were
NOT
Complemento
not
pretty.
not
angry.
Interrogativa
Verbo to be
Was
Were
Sujeito
she
they
Complemento
pretty?
angry?
sejam
obedecidos
Sujeito
she
Verbo
like
Did
Did
you
John
speak
play
Complemento
the cake?
English?
Soccer?
Ela gostou do
bolo?
Voc falou ingls?
John jogou
futebol?
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Did
Verbo
Complemento
She
didn't/did not
like
the cake.
You
didn't/did not
speak
English.
John
didn't/did not
play
Soccer.
Ela no gostou do
bolo.
Voc no falou ingls.
John no jogou
futebol.
ATENO!
Nas frases negativas e interrogativas, quando precisamos usar o
auxiliar DID, o verbo no vai para o passado, ok?
Ex.
Certo She didn't like the cake.
Errado She didn't liked the cake.
Certo Did she like the cake?
Errado Did she liked the cake?
Certo He didn't study a lot.
Errado He didn't studied a lot.
Certo Did he study a lot?
Errado Did he studied a lot?
DID. Verbo ou auxiliar?
A mesma explicao dada sobre o assunto para o DO/DOES aplica-se
ao DID.
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Verbo to be
was
were
was
was
was
Were
Were
Were
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Had
Past
Participle
fallen
Complemento
had
He
had
left
Joana
had
done
Eu adormeci/tinha
adormecido quando
o filme comeou.
Ele saiu/tinha sado
antes que a me
lhe desse
permisso.
Joana lavou/tinha
lavado a loua
quando o marido
dela chegou.
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Sujeito
Had
Been
Verbo
principal
+ ING
Complemento
had
been
doing
the report
when the
phone rang.
We
had
been
running
when it started
to rain.
Eu estive/tinha estado
fazendo o relatrio
quando o telefone
tocou.
Ns
estvamos/tnhamos
estado correndo
quando comeou a
chover.
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Will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
Verb to be
am
are
is
is
is
are
are
are
Going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
going to
will
will
will
Verb to dance
dance
dance
Verb to study
study
study
will
dance
study
will
will
will
dance
dance
dance
study
study
study
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will be
Verbo +
ING
travelling
He
will be
working
Sujeito
Will be
Complemento
in December.
during the holiday.
Eu estarei viajando
em dezembro.
Ele estar
trabalhando
durante o feriado.
OU
Sujeito
+ verbo
to be
I AM
going to be
He is
going to be
Going to
be
Verbo +
ING
travelling
working
Complemento
in December.
during the holiday.
Eu estarei viajando
em dezembro.
Ele estar
trabalhando
durante o feriado.
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Will have
Past
Participle
achieved
Complemento
will have
He
will have
done
the dishes in 2
hours.
Peter
will have
arrived
Going to
have
Past
Participle
Eu terei alcanado
este objetivo at o
ano que vem.
Ele ter terminado
de lavar a loua em
2 horas.
Peter ter chegado
at a hora de voc
ir.
OU
Sujeito +
verbo to
be
I am
Complemento
going to
have
achieved
He is
going to
have
done
the dishes in 2
hours.
Peter is
going to
have
arrived
Eu terei alcanado
este objetivo at o
ano que vem.
Ele ter terminado
de lavar a loua em
2 horas.
Peter ter chegado
at a hora de voc
ir.
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Sujeito
Been
Verbo +
ING
Complemento
will
have
been
doing
We
will
have
been
working
as managers
for 3 years by
2012.
Eu estarei fazendo
esse relatrio h
horas quando voc
chegar em casa.
Ns estaremos
trabalhando como
gerentes h 3 anos
em 2012.
OU
Sujeito +
verbo to
be
Going
to
have
Been
Verbo +
ING
Complemento
I am
going
to have
been
doing
We are
going
to have
been
working
as managers
for 3 years by
2012.
Eu terei estado
fazendo esse relatrio
h horas at a hora
que voc chegar em
casa.
Ns estaremos
trabalhando como
gerentes h 3 anos
em 2012.
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Banco de provas
PROVA
SEE/MG
Cargo: Professor de Educao Bsica - Lngua Estrangeira
Moderna Ingls - Parte 2
Ano: 2012
Attention: For questions 41-43, complete the dialogue with one of the
options provided below:
41.
(A) When did you go
(B) Have you ever been
(C) Has she been
(D) Are you going
42.
(A) have been
(B) am going
(C) went
(D) gone
38
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40
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Finance Assistant
Employer: Southwark College
Location: Central London
Industry: Education, Finance
Contract: Fixed term until 31st. July 2012
Hours: Full Time
Salary: 21,000 pa
Deadline for application: 1st. Sep 2011
www.pontodosconcursos.com.br
42
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Attention: For questions 53-60, read the text below and decide which
answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
Saving energy: it starts at home
We already know the fastest, __53___ expensive way to slow climate
change: use less energy. With a little effort, and not ___54____
money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or
more ___55____
the Earth a favor while also helping our
pocketbooks.
So whats holding us back?
Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even
faster ___56___ predicted only a few years ___57___, and that the
consequences could be severe if we dont ___58___ reducing
emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that are
trapping heat in our atmosphere. But what can we ___59___ about it
as individuals? Will our efforts really ___60___ any difference?
(Extracted from the National Geographic Magazine, March 2009)
53.
(A) least
(B) cheap
(C) less than
(D) cost
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55.
(A) requesting
(B) asking
(C) doing
(D) making
56.
(A) then
(B) than
(C) the
(D) them
57.
(A) ago
(B) behind
(C) since
(D) last
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59.
(A) doing
(B) to do
(C) have done
(D) do
60.
(A) do
(B) make
(C) cause
(D) realize
45
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Attention: For questions 41-43, complete the dialogue with one of the
options provided below:
Ateno: Para questes 41-43, preencha o dilogo com uma das
opes fornecidas abaixo:
James: ____41____ to South Africa?
James: _______ frica do Sul?
Kate: Yes, I have. I __42____ there about five years ago.
Kate: Sim, eu estive. Eu ______ l h cerca de cinco anos atrs.
James: Oh, really? What ____43____ it like?
James: Ah, mesmo? Como _____ ?
Kate: One of the most beautiful countries Ive ever seen.
Kate: Um dos pases mais bonitos que eu j vi.
41.
(A) When did you go
Quando voc foi para
(B) Have you ever been
Voc j esteve na
(C) Has she been
Ela esteve na
(D) Are you going
Voc vai
Pessoal, para saber como a pergunta comea, precisamos analisar a
resposta. Ateno ao mecanismo do inverte na pergunta e
desinverte na resposta, que estudamos hoje, ok?
Exemplos de casos de respostas sim e no:
Se a pergunta comea com IS IT ____?, a resposta poder ser:
Yes, it is ou No, it isnt.
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42.
(A) have been
estive
(B) am going
estou indo
(C) went
fui
(D) gone
ido
Diferente da questo 41, nesta a sentena pedida enfatiza o tempo.
Sendo assim, para tratarmos de algo do passado com nfase no
tempo, usamos o SIMPLE PAST. Letra C.
43.
(A) is
(B) does
(C) do
(D) has
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Can I have
Would you like
Do you mind
Why dont you
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O que
Quem
Onde
Quando
Por que
Como
Quanto
Quantos
Quanto tempo
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Expressa situao
hipottica no
If + present will
Futuro
If + past would
Presente
Passado
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If + past Would
Ex:
If he had a car he would pick up his kids at school.
Se ele tivesse um carro, ele buscaria os filhos na escola.
If Maria were rich she would travel the world.
Se Maria fosse rica, ela viajaria pelo mundo.
If I were you, I would quit this job.
Se eu fosse voc, eu me demitiria deste emprego.
Assim:
If we turned off home computers when not in use, we would cut
down their CO2 impact by 50 percent.
Se desligssemos computadores domsticos quando no estiverem em uso,
ns reduziramos seu impacto de CO2 em 50 por cento.
Letra D.
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TRADUO
Apesar de
Embora
Apesar disso
Apesar de
SENTIDO
Contraste
Concesso / Contraste
Contraste
Contraste
PRIMEIRA LACUNA
Diferenas de uso entre SAY e TELL:
SAY seguido de preposio TO.
Voc say to algum alguma coisa.
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Have/Has
verbal
Past Participle
PRESENT
PERFECT.
Complemento
Software Architect
Arquiteto de Software
Employer: Guardian News & Media Digital Development
Empregador: Guardian News & Media Digital Development
Location: London
Industry: IT & telecoms
Hours: Full Time
Contract: Permanent
Salary: Competitive
Localizao: Londres
Indstria: TI & telecomunicaes
Horas: Tempo Integral
Contrato: Permanente
Salrio: Competitivo
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Finance Assistant
Assistente de Finanas
Employer: Southwark College
Empregador: Southwark College
Location: Central London
Industry: Education, Finance
Contract: Fixed term until 31st. July 2012
Hours: Full Time
Salary: 21,000 pa
Local: Centro de Londres
Indstria: Educao, Finanas
Contrato: a termo certo at 31 de julho de 2012
Horas: Tempo Integral
Salrio: 21.000 por ano
Deadline for application: 1st. Sep 2011
Prazo para candidatar-se: 1 de setembro de 2011
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You should have a strong media sales background ideally within the recruitment
sector and have great agency experience and contacts. If you have direct
experiences of the graduate market so much the better.
Voc deve ter uma forte experincia em vendas de mdia, de preferncia dentro
do setor de recrutamento, e ter grande experincia em agncia e contatos. Se
voc tem experincias diretas do mercado de graduados, melhor ainda.
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Prazo de entrega
Prazo determinado
Um momento especfico ou data em que voc tem que fazer alguma
coisa
APPLICATION:
requerimento
petio
candidatar-se
um pedido verbal ou escrito de assistncia ou de emprego ou de
admisso a uma escola
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We already know the fastest, __53___ expensive way to slow climate change:
use less energy.
Ns j sabemos a maneira mais rpida, __ 53___ cara de desacelerar a mudana
climtica: usar menos energia.
ADJETIVO
o(a) mais
EST
o(a) mais
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COMPARATIVO
SUPERLATIVO
good
(bom)
Better than
The best
bad
(mau, ruim)
Worse than
The worst
far
(longe)
little
many/much
(muitos / muito)
More than
The least
most
SUPERLATIVO
FASTEST
LEAST EXPENSIVE
Letra A.
54.
(A) real
real
(B) more
mais
(C) much
muito
(D) expensive
caro
We already know the fastest, __53___ expensive way to slow climate change:
use less energy. With a little effort, and not ___54____ money
Ns j sabemos a maneira mais rpida, __ 53___ cara de desacelerar a mudana
climtica: usar menos energia. Com um pouco de esforo, e no ___ 54____
dinheiro...
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We already know the fastest, __53___ expensive way to slow climate change:
use less energy. With a little effort, and not ___54____ money, most of us could
reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more ___55____ the Earth a favor
while also helping our pocketbooks.
Ns j sabemos a maneira mais rpida, __ 53___ cara de desacelerar a mudana
climtica: usar menos energia. Com um pouco de esforo, e no ___ 54____
dinheiro, a maioria de ns poderia reduzir nossas dietas de energia em 25 por
cento ou mais - ___ 55____ Terra um favor enquanto tambm ajudamos
nossos bolsos.
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
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make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
make
Letra C.
56.
(A) then
em seguida
(B) than
do que
(C) the
o
(D) them
eles
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Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster
___56___ predicted
Os cientistas relataram recentemente que o mundo est se aquecendo ainda
mais rpido __56___ previsto...
THAN
57.
(A) ago
atrs
(B) behind
atrs
(C) since
desde
(D) last
ltima
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Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster
___56___ predicted only a few years ___57___,
Os cientistas relataram recentemente que o mundo est se aquecendo ainda
mais rpido __56___ previsto apenas alguns anos ___ 57___, ...
BEHIND
SINCE
LAST
Letra A.
58.
(A) keeps
continuarmos
(B) keeping
continuando
(C) keep
continuarmos
(D) kept
continuamos
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Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster
___56___ predicted only a few years ___57___, and that the consequences
could be severe if we dont ___58___ reducing emission of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. But what can
we ___59___ about it as individuals? Will our efforts really ___60___ any
difference?
Os cientistas relataram recentemente que o mundo est se aquecendo ainda
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Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster
___56___ predicted only a few years ___57___, and that the consequences
could be severe if we dont ___58___ reducing emission of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. But what can
we ___59___ about it as individuals? Will our efforts really ___60___ any
difference?
Os cientistas relataram recentemente que o mundo est se aquecendo ainda
mais rpido __56___ previsto apenas alguns anos ___ 57___, e que as
consequncias podem ser graves se no __58__ reduzindo a emisso de dixido
de carbono e outros gases que so retendo o calor em nossa atmosfera. Mas o
que podemos ___ 59___ sobre isso como indivduos? Ser que nossos esforos
realmente ___ 60___ qualquer diferena?
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Banco de vocabulrio
A
B
D
E
G
I
L
M
O
P
R
ancient
ascent
better
bond market
bubble
buyer
chain
christian
clarity
convicted
country
credit
debt
decisive factor
effort
expensive
failure
famed
fear
nance
foundation
generation
greed
greenhouse gases
inflation
labour/labor
lesson
money
murderer
origins
populous
poverty
power
progress
rich
rise
root
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T
V
W
seller
silver mines
single
sooner
splendours
stock market
time
verve
war
word
vendedor
minas de prata
nica
mais cedo
esplendoroso
mercado de aes
tempo, poca
entusiasmo
guerra
palavra
to burst
to call
to explain
estourar
chamar
explicar
posio ou estado em que se encontra
determinado objeto ou pessoa
gostar
importar (no sentido de ser
importante)
superar (em nmero)
impulsionar
prover
revelar
mostrar
virar
entender
Verbs
B
C
E
L
to lie
to like
M
O
P
R
S
T
U
to matter
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
outnumber
propel
provide
reveal
show
turn
understand
Phrasal verbs
to flip into
to roll in
something
to scrap by
to turn from...
into
transformar-se em
rolar em algo, ter algo em abundncia
sobreviver com pouco
transformar uma coisa em outra
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pano de fundo
caso perdido
pessimista
bullish
sooner or later
otimista
mais cedo ou mais tarde
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