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Occupational

Analyses Series

Mobile Crane Operator

2009

TradesandApprenticeshipDivision

WorkplacePartnershipsDirectorate

NationalOccupationalClassification:

Disponibleenfranaissousletitre:

Divisiondesmtiersetdelapprentissage

Directiondespartenariatsenmilieude
travail

7371

Oprateur/opratricedegrueautomotrice

Youcanorderthispublicationbycontacting:

PublicationsServices
HumanResourcesandSkillsDevelopmentCanada
140promenadeduPortage
PhaseIV,12thFloor
Gatineau,Quebec
K1A0J9

Fax:(819)9537260
Online:http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/publications/

Thisdocumentisavailableondemandinalternativeformats(LargePrint,Braille,Audio
Cassette,AudioCD,eTextDiskette,eTextCD,orDAISY),bycontacting1800OCanada
(18006226232).Ifyouhaveahearingorspeechimpairmentanduseateletypewriter(TTY),
call18009269105.

HerMajestytheQueeninRightofCanada,2009

Paper
Cat.No.:HS421/332009E
ISBN:9781100138671

PDF
Cat.No.:HS421/332009EPDF
ISBN:9781100136004

FOREWORD

TheCanadianCouncilofDirectorsofApprenticeship(CCDA)recognizesthisNational
OccupationalAnalysisasthenationalstandardfortheoccupationofMobileCraneOperator.

Background

ThefirstNationalConferenceonApprenticeshipinTradesandIndustries,heldinOttawain
1952,recommendedthatthefederalgovernmentberequestedtocooperatewithprovincialand
territorialapprenticeshipcommitteesandofficialsinpreparinganalysesofanumberofskilled
occupations.Tothisend,HumanResourcesandSkillsDevelopmentCanadasponsorsa
program,undertheguidanceoftheCCDA,todevelopaseriesofNationalOccupational
Analyses(NOA).

TheNOAshavethefollowingobjectives:

todescribeandgroupthetasksperformedbyskilledworkers;

toidentifywhichtasksareperformedineveryprovinceandterritory;

todevelopinstrumentsforuseinthepreparationofInterprovincialRedSeal
Examinationsandcurriculafortrainingleadingtothecertificationofskilledworkers;

tofacilitatethemobilityofapprenticesandskilledworkersinCanada;and,

tosupplyemployers,employees,associations,industries,traininginstitutionsand
governmentswithanalysesofoccupations.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

TheCanadianCouncilofDirectorsofApprenticeship(CCDA)andHumanResourcesandSkills
DevelopmentCanada(HRSDC)wishtoexpresssincereappreciationforthecontributionofthe
manytradespersons,industrialestablishments,professionalassociations,labourorganizations,
provincialandterritorialgovernmentdepartmentsandagencies,andallotherswhocontributed
tothispublication.

ThisanalysiswaspreparedbytheWorkplacePartnershipsDirectorateofHRSDC.The
coordinating,facilitatingandprocessingofthisanalysiswereundertakenbyemployeesofthe
NationalOccupationalAnalysis(NOA)developmentteamoftheTradesandApprenticeship
Division.

II

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD

I
II

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
TABLEOFCONTENTS

III

LISTOFPUBLISHEDNATIONALOCCUPATIONALANALYSES

STRUCTUREOFANALYSIS

VII

DEVELOPMENTANDVALIDATIONOFANALYSIS

IX

ANALYSIS
SAFETY

SCOPEOFTHEMOBILECRANEOPERATORTRADE

OCCUPATIONALOBSERVATIONS

BLOCKA

BLOCKB

BLOCKC

BLOCKD

OCCUPATIONALSKILLS
Task1

Usestoolsandequipment.

Task2

Organizeswork.

7
10

HOISTINGCALCULATIONS
Task3

Determinesloadweights.

12

Task4

Calculatescranecapacity.

13

Task5

Performsriggingcalculations.

14

CRANEINSPECTIONANDMAINTENANCE
Task6

Performspreoperationalchecksandregularinspections.

16

Task7

Performscontinualchecks.

21

Task8

Performsminorcranemaintenance.

23

Task9

Inspectsandmaintainsslingsandhardware.

25

Task10

Followsriggingprocedures.

27

RIGGING

III

BLOCKE

BLOCKF

BLOCKG

LIFTPLANNING,SITEPREPARATIONANDCRANESETUP
Task11

Performspreliftplanning.

29

Task12

Setsupcrane.

30

CRANEASSEMBLY,DISASSEMBLYANDTRANSPORT
Task13

Loadsandunloadscomponentsfortransport.

32

Task14

Drivescranesonpublicroadwaysandjobsites.

33

Task15

Assemblesanddisassemblescrawlerandtruckmounted
latticecranes.

35

Task16

Assemblesanddisassemblestruckmountedandallterrain
(AT)hydrauliccranes.
43

Task17

Assemblesanddisassemblesroughterrain(RT)cranes.

47

Task18

Assemblesanddisassemblesspecialtyequipmentand
attachments.

50

CRANEOPERATION
Task19

Performsbasiccraningoperations.

52

Task20

Operatesfrictiondrivelatticeboomcranes.

54

Task21

Operateshydraulicdrivelatticeboomcranes.

55

Task22

Operateshydraulicboomcranes.

56

Task23

Performsspecialtycraningoperations.

58

Task24

Securescrane.

64

APPENDICES
APPENDIXA

TOOLSANDEQUIPMENT

69

APPENDIXB

GLOSSARY

70

APPENDIXC

ACRONYMS

74

APPENDIXD

BLOCKANDTASKWEIGHTING

75

APPENDIXE

PIECHART

80

APPENDIXF

TASKPROFILECHART

81

IV

LIST OF PUBLISHED
NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL ANALYSES
(Red Seal Trades)

NOC Code

TITLE
AgriculturalEquipmentTechnician(2007)

7312

ApplianceServiceTechnician(2005)

7332

AutomotivePainter(2009)

7322

AutomotiveServiceTechnician(2009)

7321

Baker(2006)

6252

Boilermaker(2008)

7262

Bricklayer(2007)

7281

Cabinetmaker(2007)

7272

Carpenter(2005)

7271

ConcreteFinisher(2006)

7282

ConstructionCraftWorker(2009)

7611

ConstructionElectrician(2008)

7241

Cook(2008)

6242

ElectricalRewindMechanic(1999)

7333

ElectronicsTechnicianConsumerProducts(1997)

2242

FloorcoveringInstaller(2005)

7295

Glazier(2008)

7292

Hairstylist(2009)

6271

HeavyDutyEquipmentTechnician(2004)

7312

IndustrialElectrician(2008)

7242

IndustrialMechanic(Millwright)(2007)

7311

InstrumentationandControlTechnician(2007)

2243

Insulator(HeatandFrost)(2007)

7293

Ironworker(Generalist)(2006)

7264

Ironworker(Reinforcing)(2006)

7264

Ironworker(Structural/Ornamental)(2006)

7264

Lather(InteriorSystemsMechanic)(2007)

7284

Machinist(2005)

7231

NationalOccupationalClassification
V

NOC Code

TITLE
MetalFabricator(Fitter)(2008)

7263

MobileCraneOperator(2009)

7371

MotorcycleMechanic(2006)

7334

MotorVehicleBodyRepairer(MetalandPaint)(2005)

7322

OilHeatSystemsTechnician(2006)

7331

PainterandDecorator(2007)

7294

Partsperson(2005)

1472

Plumber(2008)

7251

PowerlineTechnician(2009)

7244

RecreationVehicleServiceTechnician(2006)

7383

RefrigerationandAirConditioningMechanic(2009)

7313

RigTechnician(2008)

8232

Roofer(2006)

7291

SheetMetalWorker(2006)

7261

SprinklerSystemInstaller(2009)

7252

SteamfitterPipefitter(2008)

7252

Tilesetter(2004)

7283

ToolandDieMaker(2005)

7232

TransportTrailerTechnician(2008)

7321

TruckandTransportMechanic(2007)

7321

Welder(2009)
7265

RequestsforprintedcopiesofNationalOccupationalAnalysesmaybeforwardedto:
TradesandApprenticeshipDivision
WorkplacePartnershipDirectorate
HumanResourcesandSkillsDevelopmentCanada
140PromenadeduPortage,PhaseIV,5thFloor
Gatineau,QuebecK1A0J9

Thesepublicationscanbeorderedordownloadedonlineat:www.redseal.ca.Linksto
EssentialSkillsProfilesforsomeofthesetradesarealsoavailableonthiswebsite.

VI

STRUCTURE OF ANALYSIS

Tofacilitateunderstandingofthenatureoftheoccupation,theworkperformedisdividedinto
thefollowingcategories:

Block

thelargestdivisionwithintheanalysiswhichreflectsadistinct
setofoperationsrelevanttotheoccupation

Task

thedistinctactivitythat,combinedwithothers,makesupthe
logicalandnecessarystepstheworkerisrequiredtoperformina
block

Subtask

thesmallestdivisionofworkactivitiesthat,combinedtogether,
fullydescribealldutiesofatask

Supporting
Knowledgeand
Abilities

theelementsofskillandknowledgethatanindividualmust
acquiretoadequatelyperformasubtask

Informationonthefollowingareasofthisoccupationisalsoprovidedthroughouttheanalysis:

Context

statementswrittentoclarifytheintentandmeaningoftasks

Trends

anyshiftsorchangesintechnologythataffecttheblock

RelatedComponents

allcomponentsrelatedtoaspecifiedtaskbeingundertaken

ToolsandEquipment

typesoftoolsandequipmentnecessarytoperformtheworkon
allgiventasksidentifiedwithintheblock.Moredetailedlistsof
thesetypesareshowninAppendixA

VII

Theappendiceslocatedattheendoftheanalysisaredescribedasfollows:

AppendixA
ToolsandEquipment

anonexhaustivelistoftoolsandequipmentusedbya
journeypersonthroughoutthistrade

AppendixB
Glossary

definitionsorexplanationsfortermsreferredtointhisanalysis

AppendixC
Acronyms

alistofacronymsusedinthisanalysiswiththeirfullname

AppendixD
BlockandTask
Weighting

theblockandtaskpercentagesassubmittedbyeachjurisdiction
atthevalidationstageandthenationalaveragesofthese
percentages

AppendixE
PieChart

agraphwhichdepictsthenationalpercentagesassignedto
blocks

AppendixF
TaskProfileChart

achartwhichoutlinesgraphicallytheblocks,tasks,andsub
tasksofthisanalysis

VIII

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF


ANALYSIS

Development of Analysis

Adraftanalysisisdevelopedbyacommitteeofindustryexpertsinthefieldledbyateamof
facilitatorsfromHumanResourcesandSkillsDevelopmentCanada.Thisdraftanalysisbreaks
downallthetasksperformedintheoccupationanddescribestheknowledgeandabilities
requiredforatradespersontodemonstratecompetenceinthetrade.

Draft Review

TheNationalOccupationalAnalysis(NOA)developmentteamthenforwardsacopyofthe
analysisanditstranslationtoprovincialandterritorialauthoritiesforareviewofitscontent
andstructure.Theirrecommendationsareassessedandincorporatedintotheanalysis.

Validation and Weighting

Theanalysisissenttoallprovincesandterritoriesforvalidationandweighting.Participating
jurisdictionsconsultwithindustrytovalidateandweightthedocument,examiningtheblocks,
tasksandsubtasksoftheanalysisasfollows:

BLOCKS

Eachjurisdictionassignsapercentageofquestionstoeachblockforan
examinationthatwouldcovertheentiretrade.

TASKS

Eachjurisdictionassignsapercentageofexamquestionstoeachtaskwithina
block.

SUBTASKS Eachjurisdictionindicates,withaYESorNO,whetherornoteachsubtaskis
performedbyskilledworkerswithintheoccupationinitsjurisdiction.

TheresultsofthisexercisearesubmittedtotheNOAdevelopmentteamwhothenanalyzesthe
dataandincorporatesitintothedocument.TheNOAprovidestheindividualjurisdictional
validationresultsaswellasthenationalaveragesofallresponses.Thenationalaveragesfor
blockandtaskweightingguidetheInterprovincialRedSealExaminationplanforthetrade.

ThismethodforthevalidationoftheNOAalsoidentifiescommoncoresubtasksacross
Canadafortheoccupation.Ifatleast70%oftherespondingjurisdictionsperformasubtask,it
shallbeconsideredcommoncore.InterprovincialRedSealExaminationsarebasedonthe
commoncoresubtasksidentifiedthroughthisvalidationprocess.

IX

Definitions for Validation and Weighting

YES
subtaskperformedbyqualifiedworkersintheoccupationinaspecific
jurisdiction
NO

subtasknotperformedbyqualifiedworkersintheoccupationina
specificjurisdiction

NV

analysisNotValidatedbyaprovince/territory

ND

tradeNotDesignatedinaprovince/territory

NOT
COMMON
CORE(NCC)

subtask,taskorblockperformedbylessthan70%ofresponding
jurisdictions;thesewillnotbetestedbytheInterprovincialRedSeal
Examinationforthetrade

NATIONAL
AVERAGES%

averagepercentageofquestionsassignedtoeachblockandtaskin
InterprovincialRedSealExaminationforthetrade

Provincial/Territorial Abbreviations

NL
NewfoundlandandLabrador
NS
NovaScotia
PE
PrinceEdwardIsland
NB
NewBrunswick
QC
Quebec
ON
Ontario
MB
Manitoba
SK
Saskatchewan
AB
Alberta
BC
BritishColumbia
NT
NorthwestTerritories
YT
YukonTerritory
NU
Nunavut

ANALYSIS

SAFETY

Safeworkingproceduresandconditions,accidentprevention,andthepreservationofhealth
areofprimaryimportancetoindustryinCanada.Theseresponsibilitiesaresharedandrequire
thejointeffortsofgovernment,employersandemployees.Itisimperativethatallparties
becomeawareofcircumstancesthatmayleadtoinjuryorharm.Safelearningexperiencesand
workenvironmentscanbecreatedbycontrollingthevariablesandbehavioursthatmay
contributetoaccidentsorinjury.

Itisgenerallyrecognizedthatsafetyconsciousattitudesandworkpracticescontributetoa
healthy,safeandaccidentfreeworkenvironment.

ItisimperativetoapplyandbefamiliarwiththeOccupationalHealthandSafety(OH&S)Acts
andWorkplaceHazardousMaterialsInformationSystem(WHMIS)Regulations.Aswell,itis
essentialtodetermineworkplacehazardsandtakemeasurestoprotectoneself,coworkers,the
publicandtheenvironment.

Safetyeducationisanintegralpartoftraininginalljurisdictions.Assafetyisanimperativepart
ofalltrades,itisassumedandthereforeitisnotincludedasaqualifierofanyactivities.
However,thetechnicalsafetytasksandsubtasksspecifictothetradeareincludedinthis
analysis.

SCOPE OF THE MOBILE CRANE


OPERATOR TRADE

MobileCraneOperatoristhistradesofficialRedSealoccupationaltitleapprovedbythe
CanadianCouncilofDirectorsofApprenticeship(CCDA).Thisanalysiscoverstasksperformed
byMobileCraneOperatorswhoseoccupationaltitlehasbeenidentifiedbysomeprovincesand
territoriesofCanadaunderthefollowingnames:

NL

NS

PE

NB

CraneandHoist
Operator

CraneAndHoisting
EquipmentOperator
Branch1:MobileCrane
Operator

CraneAndHoisting
EquipmentOperator
MobileCrane

CraneAndHoisting
EquipmentOperator
MobileCraneOperator

CraneOperator

MobileCraneOperator
MobileCraneOperator
(LatticeBoomFriction
Crane)

QC ON MB

SK

AB

BC

NT

YT

NU

MobileCraneOperator
Branch1(Over8

Tons)

Mobilecraneoperatorsoperatemobilecranestolift,move,positionandplacematerialsand
equipment.Theyperformpreoperationalinspections.Theycalculatecranecapacitiesand
determineloadweight,setupanddismantlecranesandpositionandstabilizethecranebefore
thelift.Theymayalsoparticipateinriggingprocedures.Theyalsoperformsomeroutine
maintenanceandhousekeepingofthecraneequipmentsuchaslubricatingandcleaning.

Mobilecranesareusedinmanyindustrysectors.Theyareverycommonlyusedinthe
constructionofbuildingsandtheassemblyoflargeequipment.Theyareusedonconstruction
sites,warehouses,factories,mines,oilrigs,refineries,railwayyards,shipsandports.Mobile
craneoperatorsmaybeemployedbyrentalcompanies,constructionfirms,manufacturers,
publicutilities,transportsectorcompanies,shipbuilders,cargohandlers,airports,railwaysand
mines.
4


Cranescomeindifferenttypessuchascrawlers,truckmounted,roughterrainandallterrain.
Theboomofthecranemaybelatticeorhydraulic.Somecranesarefittedwithequipmentthat
canperformspecializedfunctionsincludingpiledriver,clamshell,dragline,wreckingball,
magnet,heavyliftattachments,towerattachmentsandluffingjibs.

Somemobilecraneoperatorsspecializeindifferentcranefunctions.Insomecases,anoperator
mayworkforyearsonasinglelargesite,operatingasingletypeandsizeofcrane.Operators
workingforrentalcompaniesmayrarelyworkonthesamesitemorethanonceandmay
routinelyperformavarietyoftaskswithdifferenttypesandsizesofcranes.

Themajorityoftheworkinthistradeisoutdoors.Keyattributesforpeopleenteringthetrade
arestrongcommunicationskills,mechanicalaptitude,mathematicalability,excellentvisualand
depthperceptionandahighdegreeofhandfooteyecoordination.Theoperationofsome
cranesisphysicallydemandingasisthehandlingofaccessories.

Mobilecraneoperatorsinteractwithothertradespeople,contractorsandcustomers.

Theskillsofmobilecraneoperatorsaretransferabletooperatingotherheavyequipment.With
experience,operatorsmaymoveintocareerssuchasbusinessowners,supervisors,trainersand
jobcoordinators.

OCCUPATIONAL OBSERVATIONS

Safetyisthenumberoneconcernofcraneoperators,ownersandcontractors.Mobilecrane
operatorsarerequiredtotakesitespecificsafetytrainingtobefamiliarwiththecompany,
contractorandjobsitesafetyrequirements.TheregulatoryenvironmentinwhichCanadas
craneindustryoperatescontinuestogrowmorecomplexandmorerigorous,coveringissues
suchasduediligenceandliability.

Ascranesarebecomingmoresophisticated,theneedfortrainingisincreasing.Thereisnew
knowledgeincomputertechnology,metallurgyandotherdisciplinesassociatedwiththe
engineeringofcraneequipment.

Duetotechnologicaladvancesinoperatoraidssuchasloadmomentindicators(LMI),crane
operatorsaremoreawareoftheircraneoperationlimitations.

OCCUPATIONAL SKILLS

BLOCK A

Context

Theproperuseoftoolsenablesmobilecraneoperatorstoworksafely
andcompletetasksasrequired.Communicationinthistradeisvitalso
thatallpersonnelinvolvedintheliftareawareofwhatishappening.

Trends

Thereismoreemphasisandenforcementoftheuseofpersonal
protectiveequipment(PPE)andsafetyequipment.Thereisanincrease
intheuseofengineereddrawings.Radiocommunicationisbeingused
morefrequentlyinlifts.Mobilecraneoperatorsareincreasinglyusing
electronicequipmentsuchaspersonaldigitalassistants(PDAs)to
communicateandinputinformation.

Related
Components
(including,butnot
limitedto)

Allcomponentsapply.

Toolsand
Equipment

SeeAppendixA.

Task1

Usestoolsandequipment.

Subtask

A1.01

Useshandtools.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
A1.01.01

knowledgeoftypesofhandtools

A1.01.02

knowledgeofhandtooloperatingprocedures

A1.01.03

abilitytoselecthandtoolsaccordingtotask

A1.01.04

abilitytorecognizeworn,damagedanddefectivehandtools

YT
ND

NU
NV

Subtask

A1.02

Usespowertools.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
A1.02.01

knowledgeoftypesofpowertools

A1.02.02

knowledgeofpowertooloperatingprocedures

A1.02.03

abilitytoselectpowertoolsaccordingtotask

A1.02.04

abilitytolocatepowersourcesuchasgeneratorandoutlets

A1.02.05

abilitytorecognizeworn,damagedanddefectivepowertools

Subtask

A1.03

Usestorches.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
A1.03.01

knowledgeoftypesoftorchessuchasoxyacetyleneandpropane

A1.03.02

knowledgeoffittingsontanks,gaugesandtorches

A1.03.03

knowledgeoftorchoperatingprocedures

A1.03.04

abilitytoreadsettingpressure

A1.03.05

abilitytocut

A1.03.06

abilitytobraze

A1.03.07

abilitytoheat

A1.03.08

abilitytoselecttorchesaccordingtotask

A1.03.09

abilitytorecognizeworn,damagedanddefectivetorchequipment

Subtask

A1.04

Usesmeasuringequipment.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
A1.04.01

knowledgeofmeasuringequipmentsuchasmeasuringtape,micrometers
andverniercalipers

A1.04.02

knowledgeofanemometer

A1.04.03

abilitytoconvertbetweenimperialandmetricmeasurements

A1.04.04

abilitytointerpretmeasurements

A1.04.05

abilitytoselectmeasuringequipmentaccordingtotask

A1.04.06

abilitytorecognizeworn,damagedanddefectivemeasuringequipment

Subtask

A1.05

Usespersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)andsafetyequipment.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
A1.05.01

knowledgeoftypesofPPEsuchasfireretardantcoveralls,safetyboots,hard
hats,safetyglasses,hearingprotection,fallarrestharnessesandsurvivalsuits

A1.05.02

knowledgeoftypesofsafetyequipmentsuchasfirstaidkit,fireextinguisher
andspillkits

A1.05.03

abilitytoselectPPEandsafetyequipmentaccordingtotask

A1.05.04

abilitytorecognizeworn,damagedanddefectivePPEandsafetyequipment

Task2

Organizeswork.

Subtask

A2.01

Communicateswithothers.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
A2.01.01

knowledgeofhandsignals

A2.01.02

knowledgeofradiocommunication

A2.01.03

abilitytocommunicateverbally

A.2.01.04

abilitytocommunicatewithcrew,signallerandrigger

A.2.01.05

abilitytocommunicatewithcustomers

A.2.01.06

abilitytoconsultwithengineers

A.2.01.07

abilitytocoachapprentices

Subtask

A2.02

Usesdocumentation.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
A2.02.01

knowledgeoftypesofdocumentationsuchasmanufacturersspecifications,
operatormanual,permits,charts,billsoflading,logbooksandpretripbooks

A2.02.02

knowledgeofjurisdictionallegislationandregulations

A2.02.03

knowledgeoftheCanadianStandardsAssociation(CSA)Z150standards

A2.02.04

knowledgeofcraneoperatorslegalresponsibilities

A2.02.05

knowledgeofsitespecificdocumentation

A2.02.06

abilitytointerpretengineereddrawings

A2.02.07

abilitytointerpretsafetydocumentationsuchasWorkplaceHazardous
MaterialsInformationSystem(WHMIS)andPowerLineHazards(PLH)

10

Subtask

A2.03

Identifieshazards.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
A2.03.01

knowledgeofoccupationalhazardssuchaschemical,hightensionwiresand
weather

A2.03.02

knowledgeofenvironmentalhazardssuchasoilspillsanddisposalof
hazardousmaterials

A2.03.03

knowledgeoflimitsofapproachtopowerlines

A2.03.04

knowledgeofWHMIS

A2.03.05

abilitytorecognizepotentialhazardssuchasoilspillsondeck,guywiresand
loosebolts

11

HOISTING CALCULATIONS

BLOCK B
Context

Theabilitytoaccuratelycalculatecraneandriggingcapacityforany
givenloadisvitaltothesafeoperationofmobilecranes.

Trends

Employersandcontractorsareplacingmoreemphasisontheaccurate
interpretationofloadcharts.

Related
Components
(including,butnot
limitedto)

Allcomponentsapply.

Toolsand
Equipment

Loadcharts,measuringequipment,calculator.

Task3

Determinesloadweights.

Subtask

B3.01

Identifiestheweight.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
B3.01.01

knowledgeofsourcesofloadweightinformationsuchasbillsoflading,
stampedweights,engineereddrawingsandpreviouslifthistory

B3.01.02

abilitytoverifyunitsofmeasurement(metricversusimperial)

B3.01.03

abilitytoconfirmthatnomodificationshavebeenmadethataffecttheweight

12

Subtask

B3.02

Calculatesweight.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
B3.02.01

knowledgeofformulasforconversionbetweenimperialandmetricsystems

B3.02.02

knowledgeofbasicgeometry

B3.02.03

knowledgeoffactorscontributingtoloadweightsuchasice,snow,crating
andshiftingliquids

B3.02.04

abilitytoperformbasicmathematicalcalculationssuchasvolumetimes
densityforweightsofobjects

B3.02.05

abilitytoadaptloadweightcalculationtoreflecttheimpactofdynamic
forcesandchangingconditionssuchasprecipitation

Task4

Calculatescranecapacity.

Subtask

B4.01

Determinesradiusandcraneconfiguration.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
B4.01.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

B4.01.02

knowledgeofjurisdictionalsafetyregulations

B4.01.03

knowledgeofmethodsofmeasuringradiussuchasdryrun

B4.01.04

knowledgeoflinepullandworkingloadlimit(WLL)

B4.01.05

knowledgeofboomdeflection

B4.01.06

abilitytodefineworkingradius

B4.01.07

abilitytoidentifycranecomponentsaffectingcranecapacitysuchaslinepull,
counterweight,configuration,auxiliaryliftingdevicesandpartsofline

13

Subtask

B4.02

Interpretsloadcharts.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
B4.02.01

knowledgeoftheradius,boomlength,angleandgrosscapacity

B4.02.02

knowledgeofrangediagrams

B4.02.03

abilitytointerpretmanufacturersspecifications

B4.02.04

abilitytocalculategrossloadandnetcapacity

Task5

Performsriggingcalculations.

Subtask
B5.01

Performsslinganglecalculations.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
B5.01.01

knowledgeofslingandhardwarecapacity

B5.01.02

knowledgeofslingangle/slingtensiontables

B5.01.03

knowledgeofeffectofslingangleonslingcapacity

B5.01.04

knowledgeofliftdatasuchasavailablerigging,loadsize,weightandcentre
ofgravity

B5.01.05

abilitytoperformmathematicalcalculationstodetermineslingangle/sling
tension

B5.01.06

abilitytodeterminetensiononrigginghardwaresuchashooksandshackles

14

Subtask

B5.02

Performsworkingloadlimit(WLL)calculations.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
B5.02.01

knowledgeofsizeandtypeofsling

B5.02.02

knowledgeofslingconfigurationssuchaschoke,basket,verticalandbridle

B5.02.03

knowledgeofsizeandtypeofhardwaresuchasshackles,liftingeyesand
beams

B5.02.04

abilitytointerpretengineersandmanufacturersspecifications

15

CRANE INSPECTION AND


MAINTENANCE

BLOCK C

Context

Safetyistheprimaryreasonforthoroughinspectionandmaintenance.
Minormaintenancemaybedonebymobilecraneoperatorsbutrepairs
mustbeperformedbyqualifiedtechnicians.Regularinspectionsand
maintenancekeepthecraneingoodworkingorder.

Trends

Morestandardizedmaintenanceisbeingmonitoredbycomputers.Itis
morecommontohaveregularinspections/certificationsofcranes.Some
newcraneshavefeaturessuchasselfgreaserseliminatingmanual
greasingofmanymovingparts.Thereismoreoilsampletestingto
preventprematureexcessivewearandcomponentfailure.Continued
emphasisonmanuallymaintainingoldercranesisstillrequiredas
manyarestillinoperation.

Related
Components
(including,butnot
limitedto)

Allcomponentsapply.

Toolsand
Equipment

SeeAppendixA.

Task6

Performspreoperationalchecksandregularinspections.

Subtask

C6.01

Inspectsenginesystems.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.01.01

knowledgeofenginesystemcomponents

C6.01.02

abilitytoidentifydamagetoenginesystemsuchasleaks,cracks,andworn
beltsandhoses

16

C6.01.03

abilitytocheckenginefluidssuchasfuel,oilandcoolant

C6.01.04

abilitytoreportsuspectedproblemsanddeficiencies

Subtask

C6.02

Inspectsairsystems.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.02.01

knowledgeofairsystemcomponentssuchasairlines,compressors,belts,
dryersystemandairtanks

C6.02.02

abilitytoidentifyairsystemfailuressuchasairleaks,blockagesandfrozen
lines

C6.02.03

abilitytocheckbrakesystem

C6.02.04

abilitytoreportairsystemfailures

Subtask

C6.03

Inspectselectricalsystems.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.03.01

knowledgeofelectricalsystemcomponentssuchaschargingsystem,lights,
signals,alternator,starter,belts,batteriesandgauges

C6.03.02

abilitytorecognizeelectricalsystemfailures

C6.03.03

abilitytoreportelectricalsystemfailures

17

Subtask

C6.04

Inspectshydraulicsystems.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.04.01

knowledgeofhydraulicsystemcomponentssuchashoses,pumps,motors,
filtersandtanks

C6.04.02

knowledgeoftypesofhydraulicoil

C6.04.03

abilitytochecksightgauge

C6.04.04

abilitytocheckforleaks

C6.04.05

abilitytoextracthydraulicoilfortesting

C6.04.06

abilitytoreporthydraulicsystemfailures

Subtask

C6.05
Inspectschassis/carbodyandrunninggearcomponents.

NL
NS
PE
NB
QC
ON MB
SK
AB
BC
NT
YT
yes
yes
NV
NV
yes
yes
NV
yes
yes
yes
NV ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities

NU
NV

C6.05.01

knowledgeofchassis/carbodyandrunninggearcomponentssuchas
steering,brakingmechanisms,suspension,drivetrain,tracksandwheels

C6.05.02

abilitytochecktirepressure

C6.05.03

abilitytoidentifytrackdamagesuchascrackedpads,brokenpins,andworn
chains,sprocketsandidlers

C6.05.04

abilitytoidentifychassisanddrivetraindamagesuchaslooseuniversal
joints,leaksinrearendsealandbrokenfittings

C6.05.05

abilitytoidentifybrakingproblems

C6.05.06

abilitytoidentifysteeringsystemdamage

C6.05.07

abilitytoreportchassis/carbodyandrunninggeardamage

18

Subtask

C6.06

Inspectsoutriggersandcounterweights.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.06.01

knowledgeofoutriggercomponentssuchasbeams,jacksandjackpads

C6.06.02

knowledgeoftypesofcounterweightssuchasfixed,stackable,removable
andbumper

C6.06.03

abilitytocheckfordamagetocounterweightsandliftinglugs

C6.06.04

abilitytoverifypositionandsecurityofcounterweights

C6.06.05

abilitytocheckfordamagetooutriggerbeams,jacksandpads

C6.06.06

abilitytoreportoutriggerandcounterweightdamage

Subtask

C6.07

Inspectsboomcomponentsandattachments.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.07.01

knowledgeofboomssuchaslatticeandtelescopic

C6.07.02

knowledgeofboomattachmentssuchasluffers,jibs,swingawayjib
extensionsandauxiliarysheaves

C6.07.03

knowledgeofboomcomponentssuchasheadsection,buttsection,pendant
linesandbars,wearpads,telescopiccablesandchainsystems

C6.07.04

knowledgeofjurisdictionalrequirementsfornondestructivetesting

C6.07.05

knowledgeofpowerpinanddeadsection

C6.07.06

abilitytocheckcomponentsandattachmentsforcracks,bentlacing,bent
mainchords,damagedpendantlinesandbars,andwornwearpads

C6.07.07

abilitytoreportboomcomponentandattachmentdamage

19

Subtask

C6.08

Inspectshoistingsystems.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.08.01

knowledgeofhoistingsystemcomponentssuchasclutches,brakes,pumps,
hookblocks,overhaulball,sockets,wedges,clampsandsheaves

C6.08.02

knowledgeoftypesofwireropesuchasrotationresistant,regularrightlay
andregularleftlay

C6.08.03

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

C6.08.04

abilitytoidentifydeformitiessuchasbirdcaging,brokenwires,damaged
coreandcrushing

C6.08.05

abilitytocheckpositionofwireropeclip

C6.08.06

abilitytoreporthoistingsystemdamage

Subtask

C6.09

Inspectsoperatingcontrols.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.09.01

knowledgeofoperatingcontrolssuchaslevers,joysticks,footbrakes,master
clutch,swingbrake,positiveswinglockandboompawl

C6.09.02

abilitytocheckfunctionofoperatingcontrols

C6.09.03

abilitytoreportoperatingcontrolproblems

20

Subtask

C6.10

Inspectsmonitoringandwarningsystems.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C6.10.01

knowledgeofloadmomentindicator(LMI)andloadmonitoringdevices

C6.10.02

knowledgeofantitwoblocksystem

C6.10.03

knowledgeofrangelimitingdevices

C6.10.04

abilitytotestantitwoblocksystem

C6.10.05

abilitytoverifyLMIaccuracy

C6.10.06

abilitytocheckbackupalarm

C6.10.07

abilitytoreportmonitoringandwarningsystemfailures

Task7

Performscontinualchecks.

Subtask

C7.01

Monitorssiteconditions.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C7.01.01

knowledgeofweatherconditionssuchaswind,lightningandtemperature

C7.01.02

knowledgeofgroundconditionssuchassoilcompactionandgrade

C7.01.03

knowledgeofwaterconditionssuchastides,wavesandcurrents

C7.01.04

knowledgeoflocationofundergroundutilities

C7.01.05

abilitytodetermineneedformatsandblocks

C7.01.06

abilitytodetermineneedtoadjustoutriggers

C7.01.07

abilitytodeterminechangingsiteconditionssuchasaerialobstructions,
otherequipmentandpersonnelonsite

21

Subtask

C7.02

Monitorsrunninglines,hoistlinesandstandingropes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C7.02.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

C7.02.02

knowledgeofhoistlines,boomhoistlinesandluffingjibs

C7.02.03

abilitytocheckspoolingondrum

C7.02.04

abilitytomonitordrumrotationspeed

C7.02.05

abilitytomonitoroperationalperformanceofrunninglines,boomhoist
drum,stationarypennantsandstandingropes

C7.02.06

abilitytoidentifydrumhoistlinedefectssuchaskinking,frayingand
twisting

Subtask

C7.03

Monitorsgaugesandwarningsystems.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C7.03.01

knowledgeofLMIandloadscale

C7.03.02

knowledgeofantitwoblocksystem

C7.03.03

abilitytointerpretgaugesandwarningsystems

22

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

Task8

Performsminorcranemaintenance.

Subtask

C8.01

Changesoilandfilter.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C8.01.01

knowledgeoflocationoffilters,drainplugs,fillercapsandshutoff

C8.01.02

knowledgeoftypesofoilsandviscosities

C8.01.03

knowledgeofspillkit

C8.01.04

knowledgeofdisposalrequirements

C8.01.05

knowledgeoffiltertypes

C8.01.06

abilitytoidentifygasanddieselengines

C8.01.07

abilitytotakeoilsamplesfortesting

Subtask

C8.02

Greasescrane.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C8.02.01

knowledgeoflocationsofgreasefittingsfrommanufacturersspecifications

C8.02.02

knowledgeoftypesofgrease

C8.02.03

abilitytofollowmaintenanceschedule

C8.02.04

abilitytousegreaseguns

23

Subtask

C8.03

Lubricateswireropes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C8.03.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

C8.03.02

knowledgeoftypesoflubricantssuchaswireropedressing

C8.03.03

abilitytorecognizeneedforlubrication

Subtask

C8.04

Makesminoradjustmentsandreplacements.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
C8.04.01

knowledgeofnormalcraneoperation

C8.04.02

knowledgeofcompanypoliciesandprocedures

C8.04.03

abilitytoadjusthoistbrakeandfrictions

C8.04.04

abilitytodrainairtanks

C8.04.05

abilitytochangehoses

C8.04.06

abilitytoreplaceelectricalcomponentssuchasbulbsandfuses

C8.04.07

abilitytoselectmaintenanceproductsaccordingtooperationalconditions

24

BLOCK D

RIGGING

Context

Mobilecraneoperatorsareinvolvedinriggingtoensurethatitisdone
safelyandproperly.Whilemobilecraneoperatorsmaynotbedoingthe
rigging,theymustpossessknowledgeofriggingprocedures.Mobile
craneoperatorshavethefinalsayandresponsibilityforanyliftdoneby
theircrane.

Trends

Newmaterialssuchassyntheticsarebeingusedinrigging.

Related
Components
(including,butnot
limitedto)

Allcomponentsapply.

Toolsand
Equipment

SeeAppendixA.

Task9

Inspectsandmaintainsslingsandhardware.

Subtask

D9.01

Lubricatesslingsandhardware.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
D9.01.01

knowledgeoftypesoflubricantssuchaswireropedressingandaerosol
sprays

D9.01.02

knowledgeoftypesofslingssuchassteelandsynthetic

25

NU
NV

Subtask

D9.02

Identifiesdeformitiesinslingsandhardware.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
D9.02.01

knowledgeofpotentialdeformitiesinsteelslingsandhardwaresuchas
kinks,brokenwires,damagedthreadsandmisshapencomponents

D9.02.02

knowledgeofpotentialdamagetosyntheticslingsandhardwaresuchas
frays,cutsandstretching

D9.02.03

abilitytoreportdeformitiesanddamages

Subtask

D9.03

Disposesofdamagedslingsandhardware.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
D9.03.01

knowledgeofdisposalprocedures

D9.03.02

knowledgeofcompanypolicies

D9.03.03

abilitytotagdamagedslingsandhardwarebeforetodisposal

D9.03.04

abilitytocutdamagedslingsandhardwaretopreventfurtheruse

D9.03.05

abilitytoreportdisposal

26

NU
NV

Task10

Followsriggingprocedures.

Subtask

D10.01

Selectsrequiredrigging.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
D10.01.01

knowledgeofworkingloadlimit(WLL)

D10.01.02

knowledgeoftypesofriggingandtheirapplications

D10.01.03

knowledgeofcharacteristicsofloadsuchasweight,centreofgravityand
dimensions

D10.01.04

knowledgeofworkingconditionswhichmayaffectriggingsuchasacidsand
causticsubstances

Subtask

D10.02

Rigsloads.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
D10.02.01

knowledgeofloadweight

D10.02.02

knowledgeofliftingpoints

D10.02.03

knowledgeofcentreofgravity

D10.02.04

knowledgeofcapacitiesofrigging

D10.02.05

knowledgeofsitespecificregulationsregardingrigging

D10.02.06

knowledgeofOccupationalHealthandSafety(OH&S)regulations

D10.02.07

abilitytoselectappropriatehitch

D10.02.08

abilitytouseliftingbars,beamsandriggingcomponents

27

NU
NV

Subtask

D10.03

Monitorsrigging.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
D10.03.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

D10.03.02

knowledgeofriggingpositiononlift

D10.03.03

abilitytoidentifyrigginghazardsduringlifting

D10.03.04

abilitytoassesstheimportanceoftheriggerinablindlift

28

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

BLOCK E

LIFT PLANNING, SITE


PREPARATION AND CRANE SETUP

Context

Preliftplanscanrunfromabriefinformalplantoadetailedprocess
involvingmanyotherpartiessuchascompanies,engineers,customers
andsubcontractors.Oneofthestepsinvolvedinpreliftplanningisthe
setupofthecrane.Propersetupandpositioningofthecraneisthebasis
ofallsafeliftingoperations.

Trends

Preliftplanning,includingjobsafetyanalysis,isbecomingmoreformal
andmorecommoninordertoperformasafelift.

Related
Components
(including,butnot
limitedto)

Allcomponentsapply.

Toolsand
Equipment

Calculator,measuringequipment,levels,PPEandsafetyequipment,
craneloadchartandriggingcapacitycard.

Task11

Performspreliftplanning.

Subtask

E11.01

Participatesinroutine,engineeredandspecialtyliftplanning.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
E11.01.01

knowledgeoffactorsaffectingtheliftsuchastailswing,loadpathand
clearances

E11.01.02

knowledgeofrolesandresponsibilitiesofallpersonsinvolvedwiththelift

E11.01.03

abilitytoorganizethesequenceofoperations

29

Subtask

E11.02

Assessesrisksandhazards.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
E11.02.01

knowledgeofapplicablestandardsandguidelines

E11.02.02

knowledgeofhazardssuchasoverheadobstructions,powerlines,andabove
andundergroundobstacles

E11.02.03

abilitytorecommendcontrolstoeliminateorminimizerisksandhazards

Task12

Setsupcrane.

Subtask

E12.01

Performsfinalsiteinspection.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
E12.01.01

knowledgeofrecommendedcontrolstominimizeoreliminaterisksand
hazards

E12.01.02

abilitytoensuresitehazardshavebeenminimizedoreliminated

30

NU
NV

Subtask

E12.02

Positionscrane.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
E12.02.01

knowledgeoftherequirementsofthejobsuchasradii(radius???),clearances,
cranedimensionsandloaddimensions

E12.02.02

abilitytodeterminecranelocation

E12.02.03

abilitytoestablishpointofreference

Subtask

E12.03

Completessetup.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
E12.03.01

knowledgeofsetupproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

E12.03.02

knowledgeofsiterequirementsforblocking

E12.03.03

abilitytoblock,extendandsetoutriggers

E12.03.04

abilitytolevelthecraneusingoutriggersorshimming/blockingtracks

E12.03.05

abilitytorecheckradius

E12.03.06

abilitytorecheckturntablelevelandgroundconditions

31

NU
NV

CRANE ASSEMBLY, DISASSEMBLY AND


TRANSPORT

BLOCK F

Context

Mobilecraneoperatorsneedtodisassemblecranesinordertotransport
themtoandfromjobsites.Disassemblyofthecranemaybenecessaryto
complywithroadregulations.Cranescanbetransportedbytruck,rail,
bargeorcanbeselfpropelled.Oncethecranearrivesatthejobsite,its
componentsneedtobeassembled.

Trends

Thereisanincreaseinthesizeandcomplexityofcranesand
attachments.Theyrequiremoretime,workersandequipmentto
assembleanddisassemble.Foreigncranesandattachmentsarebeing
introducedintotheCanadianmarket.

Related
Components
(including,butnot
limitedto)

Allcomponentsapply.

Toolsand
Equipment

SeeAppendixA.

Task13

Loadsandunloadscomponentsfortransport.

Subtask

F13.01

Loadscraneandcomponents.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F13.01.01

knowledgeofcentreofgravity

F13.01.02

knowledgeoftypesofriggingsuchassyntheticandwireropeslings

F13.01.03

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecificationssuchashookuppointsand
componentweight

F13.01.04

knowledgeoftypesoftiedownssuchaschain,cable,turnbucklesand
syntheticbelts
32

NU
NV

F13.01.05

abilitytodetermineliftingpoints

F13.01.06

abilitytoselectassistcraneaccordingtoweightsandradius

F13.01.07

abilitytodistributecraneandcomponentweightoncarrieraccordingto
regulations

F13.01.08

abilitytosecurecraneandcomponentsoncarrierssuchasflatbeds,loboys,
bargeandrail

Subtask

F13.02
Unloadscraneandcomponents.

NL
NS
PE
NB
QC
ON MB
SK
yes
yes
NV
NV
yes
yes
NV
yes

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

F13.02.01

knowledgeofcentreofgravity

F13.02.02

knowledgeoftypesofriggingsuchassyntheticandwireropeslings

F13.02.03

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecificationssuchashookuppointsand
componentweight

F13.02.04

knowledgeofremovalsequenceforassembly

F13.02.05

abilitytoremovetiedowns

F13.02.06

abilitytoselectassistcraneaccordingtoweightsandradius

NU
NV

Task14

Drivescranesonpublicroadwaysandjobsites.

Subtask

F14.01

Performspretripplanning.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F14.01.01

knowledgeofrouterestrictionssuchasweight,heightandwidth

F14.01.02

abilitytoreadmaps

F14.01.03

abilitytointerpretpermits

33

YT
ND

NU
NV

Subtask

F14.02
Preparescranefortransport.

NS
PE
NB
QC
ON MB
NL
yes
yes
NV
NV
yes
yes
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

F14.02.01

knowledgeofweightrestrictions

F14.02.02

knowledgeofcomponentstoremoveandremovalprocedures

F14.02.03

knowledgeofjurisdictionalregulationsfortravelproceduressuchasusinga
boomdolly

F14.02.04

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

F14.02.05

knowledgeofmotorvehicleinspectionrequirements

F14.02.06

abilitytosetcranetotravelmode

F14.02.07

abilitytofuelcrane

F14.02.08

abilitytovisuallyinspectcranefordefectssuchasburntoutlights,lowtire
pressureandunsecuredcomponents

F14.02.09

abilitytocheckalloperatorcabcomponentssuchaswipers,heaters,
defrostersandmirrors

F14.02.10

abilitytocheckforsafetyequipmentsuchasroadflares,fireextinguishers
andreflectors

F14.02.11

abilitytocheckbrakes

F14.02.12

abilitytoinstallandremovevarioustypesofboomdollies

Subtask

F14.03

Drivescranesonpublicroadways.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F14.03.01

knowledgeoflicensingrequirements

F14.03.02

knowledgeofspeedlimits

F14.03.03

knowledgeofrouterestrictionssuchasweight,heightandwidth

F14.03.04

knowledgeofstoppingdistances

F14.03.05

knowledgeofterrain

34

YT
ND

NU
NV

F14.03.06

knowledgeofcraneheightandlength

F14.03.07

knowledgeofturningradiusforboomdolliesandboomtip

F14.03.08

abilitytomaintaindistance

Subtask

F14.04

Drivescranesonjobsites.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F14.04.01

knowledgeofspeedlimits

F14.04.02

knowledgeofsiteconditionssuchasgroundconditionandlocationof
utilities

F14.04.03

knowledgeofsiteregulations

F14.04.04

knowledgeofmanufacturerstravelmode

F14.04.05

abilitytoidentifyhazardsandobstaclessuchasoverheadpowerlinesand
otherequipment

Task15

Assemblesanddisassemblescrawlerandtruckmounted
latticecranes.

Subtask

F15.01

Installstracksoncarbody.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.01.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.01.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.01.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.01.04

knowledgeofpinchpoints

F15.01.05

knowledgeofblocking

F15.01.06

abilitytoremovedebrisfromtrack
35

F15.01.07

abilitytorigtrack

F15.01.08

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchaswornchains,missingbolts,brokentrack
padsandsprockets

F15.01.09

abilitytoinstallfasteners

F15.01.10

abilitytoconnecthoses

F15.01.11

abilitytoadjusttrackandchaintension

Subtask

F15.02

Installshouse.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.02.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.02.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.02.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.02.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F15.02.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchaswornbolts,pinsandbushings

F15.02.06

abilitytoserviceatlubricationpoints

F15.02.07

abilitytoadjusttolerances

F15.02.08

abilitytocleanparts

F15.02.09

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F15.03

Installsoutriggerboxesontruckmountedlatticecranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.03.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.03.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.03.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.03.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

36

F15.03.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasdamagedhoses,fittingsandcylinders

F15.03.06

abilitytocleanfittings

F15.03.07

abilitytoconnecthoses

F15.03.08

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F15.04

Installsboombase.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.04.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.04.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.04.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.04.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F15.04.05

knowledgeofinstallationofbridleandboomstops

F15.04.06

abilitytolubricatepinsandbushings

F15.04.07

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchaswornbushingsanddamagedchordand
lacing

F15.04.08

abilitytocleancomponents

F15.04.09

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F15.05

Assemblesboomandjib.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.05.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.05.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.05.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.05.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

37

F15.05.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasdamagedchord,lacing,pendantbarsand
pendantlines

F15.05.06

abilitytolubricatepinsandsheaves

F15.05.07

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F15.06

Installscounterweightsoncrawlerandtruckmountedlatticecranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.06.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.06.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.06.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.06.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F15.06.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenbolts,damagedthreadsand
damagedpins

F15.06.06

abilitytocleancomponentsurfaces

F15.06.07

abilitytooperatecontrols

F15.06.08

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F15.07

Installshoistlines,hookblocksandoverhaulballoncrawlerand
truckmountedlatticecranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.07.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

F15.07.02

knowledgeofreevingandlacing

F15.07.03

knowledgeofhookblockandoverhaulballcapacity

F15.07.04

abilitytoinstallsocketandwedge

F15.07.05

abilitytousecablecuttingequipmentsuchascuttingtorchesandangle
grinders
38

NU
NV

F15.07.06

abilitytoseizewireropelines

F15.07.07

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenwiresinhoistlineanddamaged
socketandwedge

F15.07.08

abilitytocheckspooling

F15.07.09

abilitytolubricatehookblocks

F15.07.10

abilitytoinspecthooksforhooklatches

F15.07.11

abilitytolubricatewireropes

F15.07.12

abilitytoinstallwireropeclipsondeadends

F15.07.13

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F15.08

Removeshoistlines,hookblocksandoverhaulballfromcrawler
andtruckmountedlatticecranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.08.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

F15.08.02

knowledgeofreevingandlacing

F15.08.03

abilitytoremovefasteners

F15.08.04

abilitytoremovewireropeclipsondeadends

F15.08.05

abilitytoremovesocketandwedge

F15.08.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenwiresinhoistlineanddamaged
socketandwedge

F15.08.07

abilitytocheckspooling

F15.08.08

abilitytoinspecthooksfordamageandhooklatches

F15.08.09

abilitytoremovehoistline

F15.08.10

abilitytolubricatewireropes

39

Subtask

F15.09

Disassemblesboomandjib.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.09.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.09.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.09.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.09.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F15.09.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasdamagedchord,lacing,pendantbarsand
pendantlines

F15.09.06

abilitytoremovejib

F15.09.07

abilitytoprotecthardware

F15.09.08

abilitytoremoveboom

Subtask

F15.10

Removescounterweightsfromcrawlerandtruckmountedlattice
cranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.10.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.10.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.10.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.10.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F15.10.05

abilitytoremovefasteners

F15.10.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenbolts,anddamagedthreadsand
pins

F15.10.07

abilitytoprotecthardware

F15.10.08

abilitytooperatecontrols

40

Subtask

F15.11

Removesboombase.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.11.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.11.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.11.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.11.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F15.11.05

knowledgeofbridleandboomstopsremoval

F15.11.06

abilitytoremovefasteners

F15.11.07

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchaswornbushingsanddamagedchordand
lacing

F15.11.08

abilitytoprotecthardware

Subtask

F15.12

Removeshouse.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.12.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.12.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.12.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.12.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F15.12.05

abilitytoremovefasteners

F15.12.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchaswornbolts,pinsandbushings

F15.12.07

abilitytocleanparts

F15.12.08

abilitytoprotecthardware

41

Subtask

F15.13

Removestracksfromcarbody.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.13.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.13.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.13.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.13.04

knowledgeofpinchpoints

F15.13.05

knowledgeofblocking

F15.13.06

abilitytoremovefasteners

F15.13.07

abilitytoremovehoses

F15.13.08

abilitytoremovedebrisfromtracks

F15.13.09

abilitytorigtrackforremoval

F15.13.10

abilitytocheckfordefects

Subtask

F15.14

Removesoutriggerboxesfromtruckmountedlatticecranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F15.14.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F15.14.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F15.14.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F15.14.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F15.14.05

abilitytoremovefasteners

F15.14.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasdamagedhoses,fittingsandcylinders

F15.14.07

abilitytodisconnecthoses

F15.14.08

abilitytoprotectfittingsandhoses

F15.14.09

abilitytousespillkit

42

Task16

Assemblesanddisassemblestruckmountedandallterrain
(AT)hydrauliccranes.

Subtask

F16.01

InstallsoutriggerboxesontruckmountedandAThydrauliccranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F16.01.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F16.01.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F16.01.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F16.01.04

knowledgeofrigging

F16.01.05

knowledgeofhydraulicpressure

F16.01.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasdamagedhoses,fittingsandcylinders

F16.01.07

abilitytocleanfittings

F16.01.08

abilitytoconnecthoses

F16.01.09

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F16.02

Installshoistlines,hookblocksandoverhaulballontruckmounted
andAThydrauliccranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F16.02.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

F16.02.02

knowledgeofreevingandlacing

F16.02.03

knowledgeofhookblockandoverhaulballcapacity

F16.02.04

abilitytoinstallsocketandwedge

F16.02.05

abilitytousecablecuttingequipmentsuchascuttingtorchesandangle
grinders

F16.02.06

abilitytoseizewireropelines

F16.02.07

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenwiresinhoistlineanddamaged
socketandwedge
43

F16.02.08

abilitytocheckspooling

F16.02.09

abilitytolubricatehookblocks

F16.02.10

abilitytoinspecthooksforhooklatches

F16.02.11

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F16.03

InstallscounterweightsontruckmountedandAThydrauliccranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F16.03.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F16.03.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F16.03.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F16.03.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F16.03.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenbolts,anddamagedthreadsand
pins

F16.03.06

abilitytocleancomponentssurfaces

F16.03.07

abilitytooperatecontrols

F16.03.08

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F16.04

InstallsswingawayjibandjibontruckmountedandAThydraulic
cranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F16.04.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F16.04.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F16.04.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F16.04.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F16.04.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbentlacing,damagedchordsandbroken
wires
44

F16.04.06

abilitytoinstallelectricalandhydraulicconnections

F16.04.07

abilitytoadjustoffset

F16.04.08

abilitytoconnectoperatoraidssuchasanemometerandantitwoblock

F16.04.09

abilitytoinstallfasteners

F16.04.10

abilitytopulloutextensions

Subtask

F16.05

RemovesswingawayjibandjibfromtruckmountedandAT
hydrauliccranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F16.05.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F16.05.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F16.05.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F16.05.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F16.05.05

abilitytoremovefasteners

F16.05.06

abilitytodisconnectoperatoraidssuchasanemometerandantitwoblock

F16.05.07

abilitytoadjustoffset

F16.05.08

abilitytodisconnectelectricalandhydraulicconnections

F16.05.09

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbentlacing,damagedchordsandbroken
wires

F16.05.10

abilitytopullinextensions

F16.05.11

abilitytostowswingawayandjib

45

Subtask

F16.06

RemovescounterweightsfortruckmountedandAThydraulic
cranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F16.06.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F16.06.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F16.06.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F16.06.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F16.06.05

abilitytoremovefasteners

F16.06.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenbolts,anddamagedthreadsand
pins

F16.06.07

abilitytoprotecthardware

F16.06.08

abilitytooperatecontrols

Subtask

F16.07

Removeshoistlines,hookblocksandoverhaulballfromtruck
mountedandAThydrauliccranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F16.07.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersspecifications

F16.07.02

knowledgeofreevingandlacing

F16.07.03

abilitytoremovefasteners

F16.07.04

abilitytoremovesocketandwedge

F16.07.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenwiresinhoistlineanddamaged
socketandwedge

F16.07.06

abilitytocheckspooling

F16.07.07

abilitytoinspecthooksforhooklatches

F16.07.08

abilitytoremovehoistline

F16.07.09

abilitytolubricatewireropes

46

Subtask

F16.08

RemovesoutriggerboxesfromtruckmountedandAThydraulic
cranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F16.08.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F16.08.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F16.08.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F16.08.04

knowledgeofrigging

F16.08.05

knowledgeofhydraulicpressure

F16.08.06

abilitytoremovefasteners

F16.08.07

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasdamagedhoses,fittingsandcylinders

F16.08.08

abilitytodisconnecthoses

F16.08.09

abilitytoprotectfittingsandhoses

F16.08.10

abilitytousespillkit

Task17

Assemblesanddisassemblesroughterrain(RT)cranes.

Subtask

F17.01

InstallscounterweightsonRTcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F17.01.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F17.01.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F17.01.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F17.01.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F17.01.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenbolts,anddamagedthreadsand
pins

47

F17.01.06

abilitytocleancomponentsurfaces

F17.01.07

abilitytooperatecontrols

F17.01.08

abilitytoinstallfasteners

Subtask

F17.02

InstallsswingawayjibandjibonRTcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F17.02.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F17.02.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F17.02.03

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F17.02.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F17.02.05

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbentlacing,damagedchordsandbroken
wires

F17.02.06

abilitytoconnectelectricalandhydraulicconnections

F17.02.07

abilitytoadjustjiboffset

F17.02.08

abilitytoconnectoperatoraidssuchasanemometerandantitwoblock

F17.02.09

abilitytoinstallfasteners

F17.02.10

abilitytopulloutextensions

Subtask

F17.03

RemovescounterweightsfromRTcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F17.03.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F17.03.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F17.03.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F17.03.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F17.03.05

abilitytoremovefasteners

48

F17.03.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbrokenbolts,anddamagedthreadsand
pins

F17.03.07

abilitytoprotecthardware

F17.03.08

abilitytooperatecontrols

Subtask

F17.04

RemovesswingawayjibandjibfromRTcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F17.04.01

knowledgeofliftingpoints

F17.04.02

knowledgeofcomponentweight

F17.04.03

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F17.04.04

knowledgeofriggingandhardware

F17.04.05

abilitytoremovefasteners

F17.04.06

abilitytodisconnectoperatoraidssuchasanemometerandantitwoblock

F17.04.07

abilitytoadjustoffset

F17.04.08

abilitytodisconnectelectricalandhydraulicconnections

F17.04.09

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasbentlacing,damagedchordsandbroken
wires

F17.04.10

abilitytopullinextensions

F17.04.11

abilitytostowswingawayjibandjib

49

Task18

Assemblesanddisassemblesspecialtyequipmentand
attachments.

Subtask

F18.01

Assemblesspecialtyequipmentandattachments.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F18.01.01

knowledgeofcraneandcomponents

F18.01.02

knowledgeoftypesofspecialtyequipmentsuchaspiledriver,clamshelland
dragline

F18.01.03

knowledgeoftypesofattachmentssuchasringer,towerattachment,luffing
jibandsuperlift

F18.01.04

knowledgeofspecialtyequipmentapplications

F18.01.05

knowledgeofinstallationproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F18.01.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasdamagedchordsandlacing,andbroken
wirerope

F18.01.07

abilitytoserviceatlubricationpoints

F18.01.08

abilitytoselectassemblyarea

Subtask

F18.02

Disassemblesspecialtyequipmentandattachments.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
F18.02.01

knowledgeofcraneandcomponents

F18.02.02

knowledgeoftypesofspecialtyequipmentsuchaspiledriver,clamshelland
dragline

F18.02.03

knowledgeoftypesofattachmentssuchasringer,towerattachment,luffing
jibandsuperlift

F18.02.04

knowledgeofspecialtyequipmentapplications

50

F18.02.05

knowledgeofdisassemblyproceduresaspermanufacturersspecifications

F18.02.06

abilitytocheckfordefectssuchasdamagedchordsandlacing,andbroken
wirerope

F18.02.07

abilitytoselectdisassemblyarea

51

CRANE OPERATION

BLOCK G

Context

Mobilecraneoperatorsmustadapttoavarietyofcranetypesand
operations.Somemobilecraneoperatorsspecializeinonetypeofcrane
operationwhileothersmaydiversifytheiractivities.

Trends

Thereismoresophisticatedequipmentforoperatingcranes,makingit
importantforcraneoperatorstoupgradetheirskillsthroughregular
training.Cranecabsandcontrolsarebeingdesignedwithbetter
ergonomics.Thereismorevarietyinthetypesofcraneswithbigger
cranesenteringthemarket.

Related
Components
(including,butnot
limitedto)

Allcomponentsapply.

Toolsand
Equipment

PPEandsafetyequipment.

Task19

Performsbasiccraningoperations.

Subtask

G19.01

Usescomputerandcomputerizedcomponentsforcraneoperations.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G19.01.01

knowledgeofcranemanufacturersproceduresforcomputersetup

G19.01.02

abilitytopreparecomputerforcraneoperations

G19.01.03

abilitytoprogramrangelimitingdeviceaccordingtopotentialhazards

G19.01.04

abilitytouseLMIandloadmonitoringdevices

G19.01.05

abilitytouseantitwoblocksystem

52

NU
NV

Subtask

G19.02

Raises/lowersload.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G19.02.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G19.02.02

abilitytooperatecontrolstoraiseandlowertheload

Subtask

G19.03

Swingscrane.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G19.03.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G19.03.02

abilitytooperatecontrolstoswingcrane

Subtask

G19.04

Raises/lowersboom.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G19.04.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G19.04.02

abilitytooperatecontrolstoraiseandlowertheboom

53

NU
NV

Subtask

G19.05

Operatestelescopicboom.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G19.05.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G19.05.02

knowledgeofmanufacturersboomextensionpinningsequence

G19.05.03

abilitytooperatecontrolstoextendandretractboom

Task20

Operatesfrictiondrivelatticeboomcranes.

Subtask

G20.01

Operatesfrictiondrivecrawlermountedlatticeboomcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G20.01.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G20.01.02

knowledgeofpowerflowsandpowertransmission

G20.01.03

abilitytocoordinateclutchandbrakeoperationtocontroltheload

G20.01.04

abilitytojudgeterrainforpickandcarryoperations

G20.01.05

abilitytopickandcarryload

54

NU
NV

Subtask

G20.02

Operatesfrictiondrivetruckmountedlatticeboomcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G20.02.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G20.02.02

knowledgeofpowerflowsandpowertransmission

G20.02.03

abilitytomovethecraneonrubberwhenitisfullyassembled

G20.02.04

abilitytocoordinateclutchandbraketocontrolcraneoperations

Task21

Operateshydraulicdrivelatticeboomcranes.

Subtask

G21.01

Operateshydraulicdrivecrawlermountedlatticeboomcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G21.01.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G21.01.02

knowledgeofbasichydraulicsystems

G21.01.03

abilitytojudgeterrainforpickandcarryoperations

G21.01.04

abilitytopickandcarry

55

NU
NV

Subtask

G21.02

Operateshydraulicdrivetruckmountedlatticeboomcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G21.02.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G21.02.02

knowledgeofbasichydraulicsystems

G21.02.03

abilitytomovethecraneonrubberwhenitisfullyassembled

Task22

Operateshydraulicboomcranes.

Subtask

G22.01

OperatesRTcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G22.01.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G22.01.02

knowledgeofbasichydraulicsystems

G22.01.03

knowledgeofcharacteristicsofRTcranessuchasmanoeuvrabilityand
compactsize

G22.01.04

abilitytojudgeterrainforpickandcarryoperations

G22.01.05

abilitytopickandcarry

56

NU
NV

Subtask

G22.02

OperatesATcranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G22.02.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G22.02.02

knowledgeofbasichydraulicsystems

G22.02.03

knowledgeofoperationsandlimitationsofthesuspensionsystem

G22.02.04

knowledgeofcharacteristicsofATcranessuchasmanoeuvrabilityandease
insetup

G22.02.05

abilitytomovethecranewhenitisfullyassembled

Subtask

G22.03

Operatestruckmountedhydrauliccranes.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G22.03.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G22.03.02

knowledgeofbasichydraulicsystems

G22.03.03

abilitytojudgeterrainfortravel

G22.03.04

abilitytomovethecranewhenitisfullyassembled

57

NU
NV

Subtask

G22.04

Operatesboomtruck.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G22.04.01

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendedproceduresandworking
practicesasdescribedintheoperatormanual

G22.04.02

knowledgeofbasichydraulicsystems

G22.04.03

knowledgeoftruckandchassisontowhichcraneismounted

G22.04.04

abilitytoplaceandsecureloadondeck

Task23

Performsspecialtycraningoperations.

Subtask

G23.01

Operatespiledriver.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.01.01

knowledgeoftypesofhammerssuchasdrop,diesel,vibratoryandair
hammers

G23.01.02

knowledgeoftypesofleads

G23.01.03

abilitytocoordinatehammeroperationwithhandfooteyecoordination

58

NU
NV

Subtask

G23.02

Operatesclamshell.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.02.01

knowledgeofclamshelloperations

G23.02.02

knowledgeofweightofmaterials

G23.02.03

knowledgeofdutycycleconsideration

G23.02.04

abilitytocoordinateclamshelloperationwithhandfooteyecoordination

G23.02.05

abilitytosynchronizedrums

G23.02.06

abilitytoruntwoseparatedrumsatthesametime

G23.02.07

abilitytochangewireropes

Subtask

G23.03

Operatesdragline.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.03.01

knowledgeofdraglineoperations

G23.03.02

knowledgeofweightofmaterials

G23.03.03

knowledgeofdutycycleconsiderations

G23.03.04

abilitytocoordinatedraglineoperationwithhandfooteyecoordination

G23.03.05

abilitytoruntwoseparatedrumsatthesametime

G23.03.06

abilitytochangewireropesandteeth

G23.03.07

abilitytolayoutswampmats

59

NU
NV

Subtask

G23.04

Operatescranesonbarges.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
no

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.04.01

knowledgeoffactorsaffectingcraneoperationsuchastides,current,ballast
conditionsandspudoperation

G23.04.02

knowledgeofmanufacturersmarinechartandspecifications

G23.04.03

knowledgeofmatplacementfortravellingthecrane

G23.04.04

abilitytosecurecraneandboomtobarge

G23.04.05

abilitytoassessweatherconditions

G23.04.06

abilitytoadapttovariableconditionsthataffectoperationssuchasweather
andtides

Subtask

G23.05

Performswreckingballoperations.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
no

AB
no

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.05.01

knowledgeofsizesofwreckingballs

G23.05.02

knowledgeofproceduresandsequenceofdemolition

G23.05.03

abilitytocoordinatewreckingballoperationwithhandfooteyecoordination

60

Subtask

G23.06

Operatesmagnet.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.06.01

knowledgeofmagnetmanufacturersspecifications

G23.06.02

knowledgeofdutycycleconsideration

G23.06.03

abilitytocoordinatemagnetandcraneoperation

Subtask

G23.07

Operatesheavyliftattachments.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.07.01

knowledgeoftypesofheavyliftattachmentssuchassuperlifts,mastsand
ringers

G23.07.02

knowledgeofheavyliftoperationsandprocedures

G23.07.03

abilitytosetupheavyliftequipment

G23.07.04

abilitytointerpretloadchartsforheavylifts

Subtask

G23.08

Operatestowerattachmentandluffingjib.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.08.01

knowledgeofattachmentsfortowerconfigurations

G23.08.02

knowledgeofattachmentsforluffingjibs

G23.08.03

abilitytointerpretmanufacturersdrawingsforinstallingattachments

G23.08.04

abilitytorecognizechangeoffunctionincontrollevers

61

NU
NV

Subtask

G23.09

Performsmulticranelifts.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.09.01

knowledgeofcapacitiesofcranesinvolvedinlift

G23.09.02

knowledgeofregulationsregardingmulticranelifts

G23.09.03

knowledgeofengineeringdrawings

G23.09.04

knowledgeofhazardsspecifictomulticranelifts

G23.09.05

abilitytomaintainconstantcommunicationwithothercraneoperator(s)and
liftsupervisor

G23.09.06

abilitytoassessliftconditionsduringmulticranelift

G23.09.07

abilitytomaintainconstantloadconditions

Subtask

G23.10

Usespersonnelhoistingequipment.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.10.01

knowledgeoftypesofpersonnelhoistingequipmentsuchasfixedbasketand
suspendedbasket

G23.10.02

knowledgeofriggingofpersonnelhoistingequipment

G23.10.03

knowledgeofregulationsregardingpersonnelhoistingprocedures

G23.10.04

abilitytoattachpersonnelhoistingequipment

G23.10.05

abilitytointerpretengineerrequirementsforcapacityofbasket

G23.10.06

abilitytoperformtestrunatmaximumweightcapacity

62

Subtask

G23.11

Operatesdrillingattachment.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.11.01

knowledgeofdrillingattachments

G23.11.02

knowledgeofdrillingprocedures

G23.11.03

abilitytooperatecontrolsfordrillingattachment

G23.11.04

abilitytorigdrillingattachment

G23.11.05

abilitytocoordinateoperationwithhandfooteyecoordination

Subtask

G23.12

Operatesknuckleboomtrucks.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G23.12.01

knowledgeofknuckleboomcontrolleversandremotecontrolapparatus

G23.12.02

knowledgeoftruckandchassisontowhichknuckleboomismounted

G23.12.03

abilitytosetupknuckleboom

G23.12.04

abilitytorecognizehazardsspecifictoknuckleboomoperationindoors

G23.12.05

abilitytorigloadsonknuckleboom

G23.12.06

abilitytouseriggingattachmentssuchaspalletforks,timbertongsand
barrelclamps

63

Task24

Securescrane.

Subtask

G24.01

Securescraneforshortterm.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

NU
NV

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G24.01.01

knowledgeofproceduresforsecuringcrane

G24.01.02

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendationsforsecuringcrane

G24.01.03

knowledgeofgovernmentregulationsforsecuringcrane

G24.01.04

knowledgeofcompanypoliciesforsecuringcrane

G24.01.05

abilitytoengagepositiveswinglock

G24.01.06

abilitytosecureswingbrake

G24.01.07

abilitytoengagehoistbrake

G24.01.08

abilitytoengageboompawl

G24.01.09

abilitytodisengagemasterclutch

Subtask

G24.02

Securescraneforlongterm.

NL
yes

NS
yes

PE
NV

NB
NV

QC
yes

ON
yes

MB
NV

SK
yes

AB
yes

BC
yes

NT
NV

YT
ND

SupportingKnowledgeandAbilities
G24.02.01

knowledgeofproceduresforsecuringcrane

G24.02.02

knowledgeofmanufacturersrecommendationsforsecuringcrane

G24.02.03

knowledgeofgovernmentregulationsforsecuringcrane

G24.02.04

knowledgeofcompanypoliciesforsecuringcrane

G24.02.05

knowledgeofsurroundingarea

G24.02.06

abilitytolowerboomtotheground

G24.02.07

abilitytotieoffhoistlines

G24.02.08

abilitytoengagepositiveswinglock

G24.02.09

abilitytosecureswingbrake

64

NU
NV

G24.02.10

abilitytoengagehoistbrake

G24.02.11

abilitytoengageboompawl

G24.02.12

abilitytodisengagemasterclutch

G24.02.13

abilitytoturnoffmasterswitch

65

APPENDICES

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

APPENDIX A

HandTools
shovel
snips(heavydutywirecutting)
sprayer
spudwrenches
squeegee
taglines
tirepressuregauge
toolbox
torquewrenches(varioussizes)
verniercaliper
vicegrips
weargauge(wireropeandsheave)
wirebrush
wireropecutter
wireropewinder
wrenchsets(openandclosedends,both
metricandimperial)

adjustablewrenches(varioussizes)
calculator
comealongs(wireropeorchain)
flashlight
greasegun
hammers(ballpeen,claw,sledge,various
sizes)
level
lineupbar,driftpin,Tbar
measuringtape
oilcan
pliers(needlenose,slipjoint)
prybars
punches(knockouttype,varioussizes)
ratchetset
scales
scrapers(varioussizes)
screwdrivers(flat,Phillips,Robertson,
varioussizes)

PowerToolsandEquipment
anglegrinderwithwirebrush
electricdrills
forklift
handheldandstationaryradios
headphones
hydraulicjack

impactwrenches(electricandpneumatic)
oxyacetylenebrazingtorch
oxyacetylenecuttingtorch
propanetorch
saws
steamcleanerorpowerwash

PersonalProtectiveEquipmentandSafetyEquipment
coveralls
earplugsandmuffs
eyewashstation
faceshields
fallarrestharness
fireblankets
fireextinguishers
fireretardantcoverall
firstaidkit
gloves

goggles
hardhat
masks(particles,vapour)
reflectors
respirators
roadflares
safetyboots
safetyglasses
spillkit
survivalsuits
69

GLOSSARY

APPENDIX B
airsystem

anymachinesystemthatisdependentoncompressedair;thebrakeson
certaincarrierswouldbeanexampleofthistypeofsystem

allterrain(AT)
crane

somemodelsofallterraincranescanbeconfiguredtobedrivenfromboth
thecarrierandtheupper;theyusuallyhaveapickandcarrychart,and
canbedrivenonpublicroads;theyarerubbermounted(ontires);theyhave
hydraulicsuspension,whichcanbeadjustedbytheoperatorintoroador
jobsite;theyalwayshavehydraulicbooms;thesecranesusuallyhave
multipleaxles,someofwhichmaybedeadandareforweight
distributiononly;theyhavemanualrearsteeringincraborcrampmode;
manyhaveautomaticrearsteeringincrampmode

anemometer

instrumentformeasuringandindicatingtheforceorspeedofthewind

attachments

accessoriessuppliedbymanufacturerstoaidincraneoperations

boom

thepartofthecranethatextendsabovethehouse(upperworksor
superstructure)andsupportsthelineorlinestowhichtheloadisattached

carbody

theframeofachassisforacrawlercranetowhichthetracksandupper
worksattach

chassis

thatpartofthecarrierthatincludesthesteeringandbrakingmechanisms,
suspension,drivetrainandtracksorwheels

clamshell

specialassemblyinstalledattheliftingendofthehoistlinethatisdesigned
toopenandcloseinordertomovemud,sandorotherloosematerials

controls

theseincludealllevers,brakes,dogs,switches,buttonsandotherdevices
thatthecraneoperatorphysicallymanipulates

counterweight

heavymetalorconcreteattachmentssecuredtothebackoftheupperworks
tooffsettheweightoftheextendedboomandloadandincreaseliftcapacity

cranelogbook

typically,abookinwhichtheoperatorisrequiredtorecordinformation,
suchasinspection,maintenance,locations,hoursworkedaswellasdamage
andrepairdetails

crawlercrane

anymobilecranethatusesatrackdrivencarrier

dragline

accessoryinstalledat,andsuspendedby,theliftingendofthehoistline
thatisdesignedtoscrapeearthorothermaterialintoitasitisdragged
towardthecranebyaseconddrum

70

drum

acylindricalcomponentonthemobilecranethatisusedtostoreand
dispenseline;thelineiswoundorspooledontothedrumwhenthe
operatorcausesthedrumtorotate

extendthe
boom

hydrauliccranes,inmostcases,haveoneormoretelescopingsectionstothe
mainboom;thisisonefeaturethatallowstheoperatortocontrolthelength
oftheboom

grosscapacity

thisisthemaximumamountofweightthataspecificcraneandboom
configurationcanlift

grossload

theweightoftheloadplusotheritems,suchasthehookblock,hoistlines,
rigging,etc.

hardware

usuallyreferstorigginghardware,whichcanbeanyofawiderangeof
bolts,hooks,chains,shackles,clampsandothermechanicaldevicesusedto
secureorattachtoloadsinpreparationforhoisting

hoistline

thismaybeasinglelineattachedtoaball,lifthookorotherassembly;the
termhoistlinemayalsobeusedtodescribethecompoundassemblyof
linesrunningthroughthehookblock

hoisting

theactofmanipulatingthecranecontrolsinordertomoveaload

hookblock

aheavymetalblockcontainingsheavesorpulleys,locatedattheendofthe
hoistlineonsomecranes;thehookblockisequippedwithahookfor
attachmentofloads

house

thatpartofthemobilecraneabovethecarrierwhichrotatesandsupports
theboom,winches,cylindersandothercomponents;alsoknownasupper
worksorsuperstructure

hydraulic
system

anysystemthatreliesonpressurizedoiltomakeitfunction;theboomon
hydrauliccranesismanipulatedthroughtheuseofoilunderpressure

jib

anextensionattachedtotheboompointtoprovideaddedboomlengthfor
liftingspecifiedloads;thejibmaybeinlinewiththeboomoroffsetto
variousanglesandisnormallywireropesupported

levelling

theprocessofpositioningthecranesothatitislevelbeforeliftingaload

magnet

anattachmentinstalledattheliftingendofthehoistlineinordertoliftand
movemetal

masterclutch

somecranesareequippedwithacontrolknownasthemasterclutchwhich
canbemanipulatedtoengageanddisengagethepowersource

71

multicranelifts

insomeinstances,itisimpossibletoaccomplishcertainliftsusingonlyone
crane;inthesecircumstances,twoormorecranesmaybeattachedtothe
sameloadandtheyareusedsimultaneouslytoperformthetask

netcapacity

thistermappliestotheweightoftheitemtobeliftedbythecrane(i.e.the
grosscapacityminusallcapacitydeductions)

netload

theloadtobeliftedwithoutanydeductions

outriggers

supportsthatextendfromthecarriervehicletothegroundtoprovide
stability;outriggersarecomposedofbeamsandjacks

overhaulball

anironballplacedabovethehookonaleadline,whichfurnishesweightto
allowthelinetobeloweredwhennoloadisattached;alsoknownas
headacheball

pads

wood,metal,orsyntheticassembliesthatareplacedundertheadjustable
endsoftheoutriggersortracks;theseitemsincreasetheamountofbearing
andsupportgivenbytheoutriggersorthetrackstothecrane

partsofline

thenumberofparts(individualropes)ofhoistlinearecalculatedin
accordancewiththeamountofweighttobehoisted;insomecasesthe
operatormustensurethattheloadisliftedusingahookblockthatallows
sufficientpartsoflinebetweenthehead,sheaveandhookblockto
effectivelymovetheload;allthepartsoflineareknownasthehoistline

pawl

thistermappliestoanydeviceorcontrolthatlocksorstopsmachineryor
components(usuallywinches)fromrotating

piledriver

anattachmentusedtoforcemetal,concreteorwoodenpilingsintothe
ground

radius

thisisthehorizontaldistancefromthecentreofrotationofacranetothe
centreofgravityofloadwiththeloadsuspended

reeving

amethodofriggingablockwhichresultsinevenlinepullonallsheaves;
whenviewedfromtheside,thelinetypicallyformsafigureeightprofile

rig

describestheactofattachingloadstothehoistline

rigger

adesignatedindividualwhosedutyitistoensurethatloadsare
appropriatelyattachedorriggedtothehoistlineofthecrane

72

roughterrain
(RT)crane

roughterraincranesaredrivenfromtheupper;theyarerubbermounted
(ontires)andmaybetwowheelorallwheeldrive;theymayhave
automaticormanualrearsteering;theyhavesolidsuspensionandaxle
lockouts.RTcraneshaveoffroadcapabilityandtypicallycannotbe
configuredtodriveonpublicroads;theyhaveonrubbercharts

sheaves

thewheelsorpulleyslocatedinahookblock,boomheads,orotherpartsof
thecraneboomonwhichthelineruns

signaller

adesignatedindividualwhorelaysinformationtothecraneoperator

sling

anymetalorsyntheticflexibledeviceusedtocradleorsupportaload

specialty
equipment

equipmentusedforaspecificoperation

spooling

theprocessofwindinglineeitherontooroffofadrumonwhichitisstored

swing

rotatingtheupperworkshorizontallythroughpartoralloftheradiusor
circle

swingaway

alatticeextensionpinnedtotheboomofahydrauliccrane;alsocalledajib
orafly

telescopicboom

aboomconsistingofabaseboomfromwhichoneormoreboomsections
aretelescopedforadditionallength

tracks

thecarriersystemusedtomovecertaincranesrequirestheuseoftracks
ratherthanwheels

truckmounted
crane

truckmountedcranesmayhaveeitherlatticeorhydraulicbooms;the
cranesarerubbermounted(ontires);thesecranesmustbedrivenfromthe
carrier;theycanbeconfiguredtobedrivenonpublicroads

wirerope

oftenreferredtoascable,thismaterialismadeofmanyextremelystrong
andflexiblemetalalloywireswoundinvariousconfigurationstosuita
rangeofconditions

wireropecutter

amechanicaldeviceespeciallydesignedtocutwirerope

73

ACRONYMS

APPENDIX C

AT

Allterrain

RT

Roughterrain

PPE

PersonalProtectiveEquipment

CSA

CanadianStandardsAssociation

WHMIS

WorkplaceHazardousMaterialsInformationSystem

PLH

PowerLineHazards

WLL

WorkingLoadLimit

LMI

LoadMomentIndicator

OH&S

OccupationalHealthandSafety

74

BLOCK AND TASK WEIGHTING

APPENDIX D

BLOCKA

OCCUPATIONALSKILLS

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB
5
7 NV NV 10
2 NV

Task1

SK AB
5
5

National
Average

BC NT YT NU
10 NV ND NV

Usestoolsandequipment.

6%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 30 30 NV NV 30 20 NV 40 50 40 NV ND NV

Task2

Organizeswork.

34%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU

% 70 70 NV NV 70 80 NV 60 50 60 NV ND NV

BLOCKB
HOISTINGCALCULATIONS

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB
15 20 NV NV 17 20 NV

Task3

Task4

Task5

SK AB
30 20

66%

National
Average

BC NT YT NU
25 NV ND NV

Determinesloadweights.

21%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 20 20 NV NV 35 35 NV 30 20 20 NV ND NV
Calculatescranecapacity.

26%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 60 50 NV NV 35 35 NV 40 40 60 NV ND NV
Performsriggingcalculations.
NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 20 30 NV NV 30 30 NV 30 40 20 NV ND NV

75

46%

28%

BLOCKC

CRANEINSPECTIONANDMAINTENANCE

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB
10 13 NV NV 10 15 NV

Task6

SK AB
6
5

National
Average

BC NT YT NU
10 NV ND NV

Performspreoperationalchecksandregularinspections.

10%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 50 50 NV NV 34 65 NV 40 40 50 NV ND NV

Task7

Performscontinualchecks.

47%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 25 15 NV NV 33 25 NV 30 40 25 NV ND NV

Task8

Performsminorcranemaintenance.

28%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU

% 25 35 NV NV 33 10 NV 30 20 25 NV ND NV

BLOCKD
RIGGING

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB
15 16 NV NV 12 15 NV

Task9

SK AB
10 15

25%

National
Average

BC NT YT NU
15 NV ND NV

Inspectsandmaintainsslingsandhardware.

14%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 40 25 NV NV 40 20 NV 40 25 50 NV ND NV

Task10

Followsriggingprocedures.

34%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 60 75 NV NV 60 80 NV 60 75 50 NV ND NV

76

66%

BLOCKE

LIFTPLANNING,SITEPREPARATIONANDCRANESETUP

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB
20 18 NV NV 17 20 NV

Task11

SK AB
12 25

BC NT YT NU
10 NV ND NV

Performspreliftplanning.

Task12

Setsupcrane.

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 50 50 NV NV 50 75 NV 60 50 75 NV ND NV

Task13

59%

CRANEASSEMBLY,DISASSEMBLYANDTRANSPORT

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB
10 10 NV NV 17
8 NV

41%

BLOCKF

17%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 50 50 NV NV 50 25 NV 40 50 25 NV ND NV

National
Average

SK AB
12 10

National
Average

BC NT YT NU
10 NV ND NV

Loadsandunloadscomponentsfortransport.

11%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 5 20 NV NV 5 20 NV 15 20 10 NV ND NV

Task14

Drivescranesonpublicroadwaysandjobsites.

14%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 15 10 NV NV 20 20 NV 15 10 10 NV ND NV

Task15

Assemblesanddisassemblescrawlerandtruckmounted
latticecranes.

14%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 25 25 NV NV 30 20 NV 20 30 40 NV ND NV

Task16

Assemblesanddisassemblestruckmountedandallterrain
(AT)hydrauliccranes.

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 25 25 NV NV 20 20 NV 20 25 5 NV ND NV

77

27%

20%

Task17

Assemblesanddisassemblesroughterrain(RT)cranes.

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 25 10 NV NV 10 10 NV 20 5 5 NV ND NV

Task18

Assemblesanddisassemblesspecialtyequipmentand
attachments.

12%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU

% 5 10 NV NV 15 10 NV 10 10 30 NV ND NV

BLOCKG
CRANEOPERATION

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB
25 16 NV NV 17 20 NV

Task19

SK AB
25 20

13%

National
Average

BC NT YT NU
20 NV ND NV

Performsbasiccraningoperations.

21.%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 15 10 NV NV 25 20 NV 20 25 30 NV ND NV

Task20

Operatesfrictiondrivelatticeboomcranes.

21%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 25 30 NV NV 25 20 NV 20 15 15 NV ND NV

Task21

Operateshydraulicdrivelatticeboomcranes.

22%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 25 25 NV NV 15 20 NV 20 15 15 NV ND NV

Task22

Operateshydraulicboomcranes.

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 25 17 NV NV 15 20 NV 20 15 15 NV ND NV

78

19%

18%

Task23

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 5 5 NV NV 15 10 NV 10 25 15 NV ND NV

Task24

Performsspecialtycraningoperations.

Securescrane.

12%

NL NS PE NB QC ON MB SK AB BC NT YT NU
% 5 13 NV NV 5 10 NV 10 5 10 NV ND NV

79

8%

PIE CHART*

APPENDIX E

A
6%

G
21%

B
21%

F
11%

C
10%
E
17%

D
14%

TITLESOFBLOCKS

BLOCKA

OccupationalSkills

BLOCKE

LiftPlanning,Site
PreparationandCraneSetup

BLOCKB

HoistingCalculations

BLOCKF

CraneAssembly,
DisassemblyandTransport

BLOCKC

CraneInspectionand
Maintenance

BLOCKG

CraneOperation

BLOCKD

Rigging

*Averagepercentageofthetotalnumberofquestionsonaninterprovincialexamination,
assignedtoassesseachblockoftheanalysis,asderivedfromthecollectiveinputfromworkers
withintheoccupationfromallareasofCanada.Interprovincialexaminationstypicallyhave
from100to150multiplechoicequestions.

80

TASK PROFILE CHART


MOBILE CRANE OPERATOR

APPENDIX F

BLOCKS

TASKS

SUBTASKS

1.Usestoolsand
equipment.

1.01Useshand
tools.

1.02Usespower
tools.

1.03Usestorches.

1.04Uses
measuring
equipment.

1.05Usespersonal
protective
equipment(PPE)
andsafety
equipment.

2.Organizes
work.

2.01Commu
nicateswith
others.

2.02Uses
documentation.

2.03Identifies
hazards.

3.Determines
loadweights.

3.01Identifiesthe
weight.

3.02Calculates
weight.

4.Calculates
cranecapacity.

4.01Determines
radiusandcrane
configuration.

4.02Interprets
loadcharts.

5.Performs
rigging
calculations.

5.01Performs
slingangle
calculations.

5.02Performs
workingload
limit(WLL)
calculations.

6.Performspre
operational
checksand
regular
inspections.

6.01Inspects
enginesystems.

6.02Inspectsair
systems.

6.03Inspects
electricalsystems.

6.04Inspects
hydraulic
systems.

6.05Inspects
chassis/carbody
andrunninggear
components.

6.06Inspects
outriggersand
counterweights.

6.07Inspects
boomcomponents
andattachments.

6.08Inspects
hoistingsystems.

6.09Inspects
operating
controls.

6.10Inspects
monitoringand
warningsystems.

AOCCUPA
TIONALSKILLS

BHOISTING
CALCULATIONS

CCRANE
INSPECTION
AND
MAINTENANCE

81

BLOCKS

TASKS

SUBTASKS

7.Performs
continualchecks.

7.01Monitorssite
conditions.

7.02Monitors
runninglines,
hoistlinesand
standingropes.

7.03Monitors
gaugesand
warningsystems.

8.Performsminor
crane
maintenance.

8.01Changesoil
andfilter.

8.02Greasescrane

8.03Lubricates
wireropes.

8.04Makesminor
adjustmentsand
replacements.

9.Inspectsand
maintainsslings
andhardware.

9.01Lubricates
slingsand
hardware.

9.02Identifies
deformitiesin
slingsand
hardware.

9.03Disposesof
damagedslings
andhardware.

10.Follows
rigging
procedures.

10.01Selects
requiredrigging.

10.02Rigsloads.

10.03Monitors
rigging.

11.Performspre
liftplanning.

11.01Participates
inroutine,
engineeredand
specialtylift
planning.

11.02Assesses
risksandhazards.

DRIGGING

ELIFT
PLANNING,SITE
PREPARATION
ANDCRANE
SETUP

12.Setsupcrane.

12.01Performs
finalsite
inspection.

12.02Positions
crane.

12.03Completes
setup.

13.Loadsand
unloads
componentsfor
transport.

13.01Loadscrane
andcomponents.

13.02Unloads
craneand
components.

14.Drivescranes
onpublic
roadwaysand
jobsites.

14.01Performs
pretripplanning.

14.02Prepares
cranefor
transport.

14.03Drives
cranesonpublic
roadways.

14.04Drives
cranesonjobsites.

FCRANE
ASSEMBLY,
DISASSEMBLY
AND
TRANSPORT

82

BLOCKS

TASKS

SUBTASKS

15.Assembles
anddisassembles
crawlerand
truckmounted
latticecranes.

15.01Installs
tracksoncar
body.

15.02Installs
house.

15.03Installs
outriggerboxes
ontruckmounted
latticecranes.

15.04Installs
boombase.

15.05Assembles
boomandjib.

15.06Installs
counterweightson
crawlerandtruck
mountedlattice
cranes.

15.07Installshoist
lines,hookblocks
andoverhaulball
oncrawlerand
truckmounted
latticecranes.

15.08Removes
hoistlines,hook
blocksand
overhaulballfrom
crawlerandtruck
mountedlattice
cranes.

15.09Disas
semblesboomand
jib.

15.10Removes
counterweights
fromcrawlerand
truckmounted
latticecranes.

15.11Removes
boombase.

15.12Removes
house.

15.13Removes
tracksfromcar
body.

15.14Removes
outriggerboxes
fromtruck
mountedlattice
cranes.

16.Assembles
anddisassembles
truckmounted
andallterrain
(AT)hydraulic
cranes.

16.01Installs
outriggerboxes
ontruckmounted
andAThydraulic
cranes.

16.02Installshoist
lines,hookblocks
andoverhaulball
ontruckmounted
andAThydraulic
cranes.

16.03Installs
counterweightson
truckmounted
andAThydraulic
cranes.

16.04Installs
swingawayjib
andjibontruck
mountedandAT
hydrauliccranes.

16.05Removes
swingawayjib
andjibfrom
truckmounted
andAThydraulic
cranes.

16.06Removes
counterweights
fortruckmounted
andAThydraulic
cranes.

16.07Removes
hoistlines,hook
blocksand
overhaulballfrom
truckmounted
andAThydraulic
cranes.

16.08Removes
outriggerboxes
fromtruck
mountedandAT
hydrauliccranes.

17.Assembles
anddisassembles
roughterrain
(RT)cranes.

17.01Installs
counterweightson
RTcranes.

17.02Installs
swingawayjib
andjibonRT
cranes.

17.03Removes
counterweights
fromRTcranes.

17.04Removes
swingawayjib
andjibfromRT
cranes.

18.Assembles
anddisassembles
specialty
equipmentand
attachments.

18.01Assembles
specialty
equipmentand
attachments.

18.02Disas
semblesspecialty
equipmentand
attachments.

19.Performsbasic
craning
operations.

19.01Uses
computerand
computerized
componentsfor
craneoperations.

19.02Rai
ses/lowersload.

19.03Swings
crane.

19.04Rai
ses/lowersboom.

19.05Operates
telescopicboom.

GCRANE
OPERATION

83

BLOCKS

TASKS

SUBTASKS

20.Operates
frictiondrive
latticeboom
cranes.

20.01Operates
frictiondrive
crawlermounted
latticeboom
cranes.

20.02Operates
frictiondrive
truckmounted
latticeboom
cranes.

21.Operates
hydraulicdrive
latticeboom
cranes.

21.01Operates
hydraulicdrive
crawlermounted
latticeboom
cranes.

21.02Operates
hydraulicdrive
truckmounted
latticeboom
cranes.

22.Operates
hydraulicboom
cranes.

22.01OperatesRT
cranes.

22.02OperatesAT
cranes.

22.03Operates
truckmounted
hydrauliccranes.

22.04Operates
boomtruck.

23.Performs
specialtycraning
operations.

23.01Operates
piledriver.

23.02Operates
clamshell.

23.03Operates
dragline.

23.04Operates
cranesonbarges.

23.05Performs
wreckingball
operations.

23.06Operates
magnet.

23.07Operates
heavylift
attachments.

23.08Operates
towerattachment
andluffingjib.

23.09Performs
multicranelifts.

23.10Uses
personnelhoisting
equipment.

23.11Operates
drilling
attachment.

23.12Operates
knuckleboom
trucks.

24.Securescrane.

24.01Secures
craneforshort
term.

24.02Secures
craneforlong
term.

84

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