External Environment Assessment

LEVEL ONE: THE MACRO-ENVIRONMENT

Description of the Area

Barangay Vitali is situated in the east coast of Zamboanga City which is 73.10 kilometers
away from the city proper. One can reach Vitali both by land and water transportation. By land, it
will take one and a half hours drive from the city proper. It is approximately 67 kilometers away
from Ipil, the capital of Zamboanga Sibugay.
Barangay Vitali, although already the third barangay from Zamboanga Sibugay and
Zamboanga del Sur serves as the entry point to the city and is identified as a tertiary growth
center. It is bounded on the North by barangay Licomo, on the East by Barangay tictapul, on the
West by Barangay Sibulao and on the South by Barangay Mangusu.

Based on the Geographic Information System (GIS) generated data, the total land area of
Vitali is 9,034.10 hectares (Ha). With this area, the total area with cadastral survey based on the
Office of the City Assessor, totaled to 5,330.27 hectares (Ha) or 53,002,651 square meters (sqm)
of which about 92% is classified as agricultural and the remaining areas are classified as
fishpond, residential and commercial.
The barangay comprised of eighteen (19) sitios namely; Camino Nuevo, Calle Posporo,
Mialim, Taloptap, Bataan, Tindalo, Gulud, Tamion, Linduman, Pico, Kamalig, Cuatro Ojos,
SPDA, Riverside, Toctobo, Camino Nuevo, Linduman , Tagpangi and Vitali.
SOCIAL
Barangay Vitali is a rural barangay with a total population of 8,895 as of May 2010
census. Community workshops show that majority of the residents depend on rice farming,
seafood farming, and agro forestry (coconut and rubber) as the main source of livelihood.There
are 1,803 households with an average household size of 5 persons.
Chabacano (27%) or 2,402 persons , Visayan (26%)or 2,313 persons , Samal (16%) or
1,423 persons and Ilonggos (10%) or 889 persons were widely spoken dialects in Barangay
Vitali. Other dialects spoken include mixtures of Tausugs and Cebuano as well as Samal (21%)
or 1,869 persons.
Roman catholic is the dominant religion in the barangay accounting for 70% or 6,227
persons of the total population, followed by Protestant (15%) or 1,334 persons, Islam (10%)or
889 persons and other religions (5% or 445 persons).
Majority of the household surveyed are engaged in farming (30%) or 2,668 persons,
Housewives 35% or 3,113 persons, Private employment 29% or 2,580 persons and Labor 6% or
534 persons.

The following are the breakdown of school-going age population in Vitali;

Age-Group

Number

6-10 years old (Primary school-going age)

903

10-14 years old (intermediate school-going age)

728

6-14 years old (elementary school-going age)

1466

13-16 years old (secondary school-going age)

394

17-21 years old (tertiary school-going age)

563

Note: Using Sprague Method

Source of Basic data: BDP, 2008-1010, table 2: Population Distribution Age Group
POLITICAL
Barangay officials headed by its chairman Jose P. Alavar are embarking on infrastructure
projects, access to potable water, access to farm and agricultural assistance, like seed dispersal,
diversified farming techniques and so with access to information and health services.
Each of the barangay officials are focusing on their individual task per designations in
different sectors of the community.

JOSE P. ALAVAR
Barangay
Chairman

Reynaldo B.
Lope
Barangay
Kagawad

Margarito A.
Gonzales

Barangay Kagawad

Wilfredo B.
Pajarito
Barangay Kagawad

ECONOMIC

Leo F.
Natividad

Dexter A.
Desales

Barangay
Kagawad

Barangay Kagawad

Marvin S.
Ramillano
Barangay Kagawad

Segundino R.
Gregorio
Barangay Kagawad

The barangay can have bigger share in the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) because tax
collection will be properly implemented by the end of 2020.
The proportion of population of Vitali in the working age group (15-65) was 35.5% or
3,158 persons; young dependents (0-14 years) comprised 50% or 4,447 persons; and old
dependents (65 years and above) accounts for 14.5% or 1, 290 persons. This indicates that there
are more dependents ( young and old) than those in the productive age-group.
In terms of Marine resources, most of the residents depend on fishing and farming as
their source of living. While some engage in land tilting and planting to different crops like;
corn, peanuts, rice, mangoes, bananas, root crops and leafy vegetables. The presence of swamps
and creek water form part of the irrigation system of the barangay.
The yearly barangay income come from all sources such as business taxes, licenses, IRA,
sand and gravel, garbage collections and other fees.
The level of income of each family is also a determinant of sensitivity as income
determines the households flexibility. Those with just enough income for subsistence may not
have savings which may serve as fall back in times of crisis or disaster. In addition, communities
which fall below the poverty line are deprived of their basic human needs, which commonly
include food, water, sanitation, clothing, shelter, health care and education.
ECOLOGICAL
The residents of barangay Vitali have been exposed to climate-related hazards including
long dry spells, floods and landslides. The most affected livelihood sectors are rice fields and
fish/shrimps/crab farms.
Because of their exposure to these hazards, the respondents were able to create a
barangay hazards map based on the community-based workshops, key informant interviews, and
community profiling activities conducted.

Table 2. Climate-Related Hazards Affecting Barangay Vitali

Hazards

Areas
Affected

Long period of dry

spell/El Nio

Whole barangay

Floods

Tamion, SPDA,
Bataan, Mialim,
Toctobo, Camino
Nuevo, Tindalo,
Calle Posporo,
Taloptap and
Riverside

Landslides

Quatro Ojos, 147,

Kamalig
(Frequently
Affected)

Sectors
Affected
Rice and vegetable
farms and forestproduct dependent
livelihoods
(Charcoal,
firewood, bagakay,
nipa, and bamboo)
Vegetable farms,
rice fields, fish
ponds, damaged
houses,
elementary and
high schools

Hillsides affecting
rivers (siltation),
resulting in muddy
floods

Month and
Years
1980s
1997

December 28,
1998
1999-2006 (yearly)
August 2007
December 2008
July 2009
December 2010
October 2011
August 2012
December 2012
August 2013
October 2013
2013
2011 2012

Table 2 shows the climate-related hazards experienced by different communities in

Barangay Vitali. As shown, long dry spells hit Vitali in the 1980s.A similar hazard affected the
residents again in 1997. The residents have associated these long dry spells to climate variability
(El Nino) that hit the country on these years. Long dry spells and lack of rains have led to
destruction of rice and vegetable farms resulting in food insufficiency among its residents and
the city as a whole. Those dependents on forest products for livelihood were also affected
negatively by this hazard.
In the late 1990s, an irrigation system was established in Vitali. Thus, after the
construction, the farmers (agriculture and mariculture) become more resilient to long dry spells
because the main water source, Vitali River, has never dried up even during long periods of
drought. As of writing, barangay officials, however, claimed that the irrigation structure of the
National Irrigation Authority (NIA) has not been functional for years now. (p.5 of Barangay

Vitali: Climate Related Hazards and Social Vulnerabilty Profile. A study conducted by the
ADZU Research Center with the support of Commission on Higher Education).
The climate-related hazards experienced by the residents of barangay Vitali left a severe
damage on different socio-economic sectors and social infrastructure in the community.
The barangay expects flooding to happen every time heavy rains come or when there is
continuous rain for several days, it has put in place precautionary/public awareness programs and
early warning system.
The barangay has created a Barangay Response Team who performs rescue, relief, and
rehabilitation operations. A system has been put in place whereby residents who live at the
upland areas send messages through the use of SMS to inform their relatives and the barangay
officials on the level of the river water. This allows the barangay to inform its residents,
encourage them to evacute, and/or provide other necessary assistance. The relief and rescue
teams have been adequately trained and the barangay uses available resources (e.g., church bells,
warning shots, fireworks) as means for early warning. The barangay has also identified safe areas
for evacuation.
Moreover, farmers reported that they have adopted a system of ensuring that seedlings
and other farm resources remain safe from the impacts of floods and heavy rains. Residents who
have been frequently affected by floods have started reconstructing their houses, making them
more resilient to floods. They have also expressed openness to migrating or relocating to safer
areas within the community.
When their livelihood becomes negatively affected by these hazards, the respondents
claimed that part of their coping mechanism is to barrow capital from relatives, friends and loan
institutions so they can start over again. Residents have access to and can avail of small loans
(microfinance, lending) to build capital for livelihood.
It is important to note that recent floods have affected not only houses and farms, but also
the Vitali Central School and Vitali National High School, important social infrastructure. The
barangay is currently looking into the possibility of relocating Vitali Central School to a safer
location.

Table 3. Non Climate Related Hazards Affecting Barangay Vitali

Hazards
Illegal

Areas Affected

logging, All zones

mining,

river

quarrying

Sectors Affected
Rice

fields,

Month and Years

fish Started

around

10

ponds, rivers, houses, years ago

elementary schools &
high school

Armed conflict

Some
families

displaced 1972-1973
September 2013(City
proper only)

Table 3 shows the non-climate hazards as experienced by community dwellers in

barangay Vitali. As can be seen, community members in all zones in barangay Vitali also
experienced armed conflict in the 1970s that displaced families. This, however, has not
happened again because of the peace and order in the barangay, Residents noted that despite the
volatile situation brought about by the September 2013 Zamboanga City MNLF-GRP armed
conflict, the barangay has remained calm and peaceful. However, several unsolved killings in the
barangay brought fear to the residents of Vitali.

TECHNOLOGICAL
Barangay Vitali is accessible to both globe and smart internet and mobile connections.
FM radio is on reach whenever there is antenna. Cabled television is also available in the
community.
There are several internet caf available in the vicinity where the students can do their
researches in their different subject areas after class hours.
The school itself has two (2) computer laboratory available for both teachers and
students, elementary teachers and other stakeholders in the community.. One is the ischool
laboratory and the other is the DepEds Computerization Program (DCP) where various

strategies and interventions are carried out by the teachers to the students and where students do
and work their outputs. However, the school cannot maximize the use of the computer because
there is no internet connection where students and teachers can go online for researches and
bloggings.
The availability of WIFI is also of great help for the teachers, students and residents.
Some of the teachers are keeping in touch with their students through the use of
facebook, where the students post their outputs online per given instruction of the teachers.
Instructions and comments are sometimes send through personalized messages. Faculty records
their lectures from their offices/homes through simple softwares that can be run on their laptops,
i.e. screencasts.

LEVEL 2. INDUSTRY, AREA, AND SECTOR ASSESSMENT

Vitali National High school is the mother school in the east coast with five (5)
neighboring national high schools namely Limaong, Tictapul, Sibulao, Tagasilay National High
School and Mangusu Integrated School.
Despite the existence of the neighboring national high schools, Vitali National High
School stands stout because there are still many students who are residing in the nearby schools
who still enrol and study in Vitali National High School.
The school is the show window national high school of Zamboanga City Division. Its
school site is engaging because it is situated in the national high way. The school is accessible to
internet connections. Its school ambiance is warm and inviting making it a Child Friendly School
recipient in the division.
The school is a Division Brigada champion in small school category and a third placer in
the Regional Brigada Competition in school year 2007-2008. Again, the school won in the
Divison Brigada Competition on school year 2008-2009.
The school is making a mark both in the academic and athletics performance of the
students leading them to represent even in the national level competition.
Schools physical infrastructure is sustained by the Congressional Fund, Local
Government and Department of Education.
The Philippine Business Society for Progress (PBSP), a non-government organization is
one of the biggest stakeholders of the school. They supply the students with school supplies and
provided the school with some equipments and facilities.

LEVEL THREE:
MARKET ASSESSMENT
Vitali National High School is sustained by the Maintenance and Other Operating
Expenses for the students needs.
The Personnel Services fund is allocated for the salaries of teachers, incentives, loyalty
pay and step increment.
The Local Government Unit (LGU) provides educational assistance to the students
through the General Services Office (GSO).
The schools initiative where a teacher adopts one (1) student is one way to minimize
SARDOS.
The Parents Teachers Association facilitates the school and administration in providing
the needs of the students.
The Alumni, private firms, non-government organizations and other stakeholders help
sustain the needs of the students.
The DORP canteen helps the SARDOS in their daily fare to prevent them from dropping
out from school.
TLE canteen helps sustain the Feeding Program for the malnourished and undernourished
students.
The parents give voluntary contributions during enrolment to facilitate the needs of the
students such as PTA Membership, Athletics Fee and School Paper Fee.
The abovementioned help in sustaining the secondary education program of the school.

LEVEL FOUR: MICRO MARKET ANALYSIS

Below is a table of tracer of the graduates of Vitali National High School that the school was able
to gather.
NUMBER OF

POSITION

ALUMNI

PROJECTED SALARY COMPANY

/ MONTH

Nautical

500,000.00

Magsaysay Shipping

20

Marine Engineering

300,000.00

PACC Shipping

40

Seaman

80,000.00

International Boats

10

Manager

50,000.00

KCDFFI

100

Teacher

19,000.00

Elem. & Sec.

80

Businessman/woman

20,000.00

Home

80

Saleslady

8,000.00

Malls,Stores

30

Cashier

10,000.00

Malls, Stores

15

Clerk

6,000.00

Offices

Priest

Church

200

Laborer

3,000.00

75

Sikad2 driver

3,000.00

10

Driver

8,000.00

others

2,500.00