, ,

2013 , 6 (46)

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.


.

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, : ,

, :

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- - ,
, .

.

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31

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.

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.

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.


- (J.D.)

61

67

.

-

71

93

-
.

CONTENT
BEFORE CREATING A LAW
(UNDERLINING ARTICLE, INTERVIEW)
Issues of Using Mediation in the Mongolian Arbitral Practice
(I.Idesh, Ph.D, Head of Legal Research Center of National Legal Institute)

Issues of Effective Use of Mediation

(P.Zolzaya, Judge of Appellate Court for Civil Cases)

19

LEGAL THOUGHTS: REFLECTION

Opportunity, Advantages and Issues of Resolving Business Disputes
through Mediation: Comparison of Court Proceedings and Mediation
(B.Amarsanaa, LL.D, Vice-Director of National Legal Institute)

24

Legal Regulation of Labor Dispute Resolution through Mediation

31
(S.Bolormaa, Senior Lecturer, School of Law of National University of Mongolia
and Member of Mediation Committee)
Specific Nature of Family Dispute Resolution through Mediation
(S.Batbayar, Policy researcher of National Legal Institute)

37

IMPLEMENTATION OF LAW, EFFICIENCY, PROBLEMS

The Mediation Committees Responsibility for Developing Mediation in 42
Mongolia: Functions and Scope of Activities
(D.Tungalag, Justice of the Supreme Court of Mongolia, Chair of Mediation
Committee)
Resolving Disputes of Traffic Accidents through Mediation
(B.Oyu, Legal Advisor to the Project of JICA Strengthening Mediation
System in Mongolia)

53

Mediation Agreement and Its Legal Requirements

(Z.Sukhbaatar, Member of Mediation Committee, Director of MongolAdvocate Law Firm)

57

INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE
Foreign Practices and Evaluation of Mediation Consequences
61
(D.Gangabaatar, LL.D, Associate Professor of School of Law of National
University of Mongolia)
Theoretical Disputes over Invalidness of Mediation in Japan
(Oka Hideo, Juris Doctor, Specialist, JICA)

67

RESEARCH OVERVIEW:
The Protection of Children on Internet Online
Summary of Research Paper of National Legal Institute
(Legal Research Center of National Legal Institute)

71

Short Introduction to the Project Strengthening Mediation System in

Mongolia
(Strengthening Mediation System in Mongolia project, co-managed by the
Supreme Court of Mongolia, JICA and Association of Mongolian Advocates)

93

This special issue is published within the cooperation framework of the National
Legal Institute of Mongolia and project Strengthening Mediation Systems in
Mongolia of JICA. Publication of the issue was financed by the project.

- -

.

.

.

:279
ISSN:2226-9185

. 6
.

: - 46,
, -7
: +(976)-11-315735
: 315735
: www.legalinstitute.mn
: lawjournal@legalinstitute.mn

EDITORIAL BOARD
J.Amarsanaa
B.Amarsanaa
A.Bakei

B.Bayarsaikhan
D.Bayarsaikhan
J.Bayartsetseg
B.Bilegt
J.Byambadorj

D.Ganbat


B.Gunbileg
D.Dorligjav
N.Jantsan
Ts.Zorig
V.Oyumaa

Ch.Unurbayar
D.Solongo

Sh.Tuvdendorj

Kh.Temuujin

B.Temuulen
P.Tsagaan
Ch.Enkhbaatar
A.Erdenetsogt

Chairman, Constitutional Court of Mongolia

Vice Director of the National Legal Institute
Chairman, Standing Committee on State Structure of State
Great Hural of Mongolia
Ph.D
Ph.D
State Secretary, Ministry of Justice of Mongolia
Chief, General Police Department of Mongolia
Chief Commissioner, National Human Rights
Commission of Mongolia
Chairman, the Sub Committee on Human Rights of State
Great Hural of Mongolia
Ph.D
General Prosecutor of Mongolia
Ph.D
Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Mongolia
Ph.D
Legal Advisor to the President of Mongolia
Dean, School of Law, National University of Mongolia
Chairman, Standing Committee on Legal Policy of State
Great Hural of Mongolia
Minister of Justice
Ph.D
Head, the Office of the President
Sc.D
Ph.D
Editor-in-Chief
Kh.Nomingerel
Executive Editor-in-Chief
I.Idesh
Acting Assistant Editor
Nayambayar
Designed by
B.Tserenlkham

State Registration Number:279

ISSN: 2226-9185
Published by the National Legal
Institute. Six issues in a Year.

Address: Ulaanbaatar-46, Chingeltei

District, Chinggis khaan Square -7
Phone:+(976)-11-315735
Fax: 315735
Website: www.legalinstitute.mn
E-mail: Lawjournal@legalinstitute.mn

21


,
,



.
-


,
,
.
, -
2 2011
41 , 2012 45 , 2013
9 25
.3

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,
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,
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2003 5- 9-



, ,

, ,
,
,
.1

2012 12
.
3
..
.
,
. 2013 9
27, -
.
4
I.Idesh. Mongolias Arbitration Law: Some Challenging Issues of Legal Regulation of Arbitration. Presentation. The
8 th ALIN Expert Forum. Current Legal Issues in Asian
Countries.2013.12. KLRI. Asian Legal Information Network.
2

,
2003
,

. . 2003
:
. - . ,
, . 2005 2(9)
.
1

2013 6 (46)

-

,

,
(alternative dispute
resolution or ADR) -
, 2003

.


16
,
44
(international arbitration + ADR)
-
.
Queen Mary University

73



,

, ,

,

.
2.

,

,
,

(mediator) -
XVII .
- ,

XIX

,
,
. XX

-
.

1950-
, ,

,
,
.

,

,

,
,






,
,

1960-

Seoul. Korea. P.25

5
Jan Paulsson, Nigel Rawding, Lucy Reed. The Freshfields
Guide to Arbitration Clauses in International Contracts.
Third Edition. Wolters Kluwer.2011 Kluwer Law International. P. 12

6


.

.
, -


1970
,


.




1976
(Pound Conference) -

-

.8

2.1


2-

, XIX
-

, ,

(commissioners of conciliation) -
1913
-
(secretary of
labor) - .7


1930- 1940
,
(Federal
Mediation and Conciliation Services)
,

(professional
dispute settlers: negotiators, mediators,
arbitrators)

-



1976

,

.9

,




. , 1983

(Federal Rules of
Civil Procedure) - ...
(ADR
process) .

,

, ,
,

...
:
?. . 2013
11. -, . .94
7
Linda R.Singer. Settling Disputes. Conflict Resolution in
Business, Families, and the Legal System. Westview Press.
Boulder, San Francisco, & London. P.6
6

Menkel-Meadow, Love, Schneider. Mediation. Practice,

Policy, and Ethics. Aspen Publishers, Inc. New York. 2006.
P.99
9
Linda R.Singer. . P. 165
8

.10

2013 6 (46)

(,

, ,
, .),
, ,
, ,
,
,

.12

11



.

- 13 1990 -
, , ,
, ,

(mediation)-

,
,


.

2.2

-

,

,

,
.

1990

(Civil Justice Reform Act)
- -




.

-

(International
Institute
for
Conflict
Prevention and Resolution, CPR),

(International Centre for Dispute
Resolution, ICDR), ,
(Arbitration and Mediation
Center of the Brazil- Canada Chamber
of Commerce, CCBC),

(Centre for Effective Dispute Resolution,
CEDR),
(Chartered Institute of Arbitrators,
CIArb), -

,


(National Institute for Dispute Resolution),

,
,
(Association for
Conflict Resolution)
,

(Uniform Mediation
Act),
(Model Standards of
Conduct for Mediators)

, Model Rule of Professional Conduct for the Lawyer as Third -Party Neutral,
CPR- Georgetown Commission on Ethics and Standards in
ADR (2004), ADA Mediation Guidelines, CPR International
Institute for Conflict Prevention and Resolution Mediation
Procedure, Model Rules of Professional Conduct (2004)
(Selected Rules and Comments), American Bar Association
. Menkel- Meadow, Love, Schneider. . 599659-
13
-
, ,

,

MenkelMeadow, Love, Schneider. . Linda R.

Singer.
.
12

Menkel-Meadow, Love, Schneider. .

P.390
11
. -
, , 2008, 53-
. P.390
10

10

,
(China International Economic
and Trade Arbitration Commission,
CIETAC)

,
.

.14

(negotiation),

(mediation),

(conciliation),

(non -binding arbitration),

(expert
opinion),

, (early neutral
evaluation),
(adjudication)

.15

.





,
.

,


.

.


, ,

,
.
3.

,
,

2000-2010
,



,
, (International Court
of Arbitration, ICC),
, (London
Court of International Arbitration, LCIA),

,
(American Arbitration Association, AAA),

,
(Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm
Chamber of Commerce, SCC),

, (the Chinese International Economic
and Trade Center, CIETAC),

, (ICSID)

,



Jan Paulsson, Nigel Rawding, Lucy Reed.
.
15
- ,
,

,
, -

.
, Alternative Dispute Resolution, mini-trial
. ADR

. .
. 53-
14

11

2013 6 (46)

. ,




.
,

.
(mediation) -




.

.
(mediator)
,

.

(mini-trial/executive tribunal)17.

(panel)-


.

(neutral chairman) .




(non -binding
decision) .




.


(mediation, conciliation, mini trial) -
(non -binding arbitration) ,
(expert opinion),
,
(early neutral evaluation), ,
(mediation arbitration),
(adjudication)
.

(conciliator)

, ,

.16

,


.

,



.
,

.
, ,

Mediation conciliation
.
Mediation .
, conciliation ,
.
conciliation .
.. ---
. 2004. .500-501. . 186-187
16

, mini-trial
.
17

12

.
-





.

4.

,

-



,

.
-
2007- 2009 75
, 2010 -2013 146

36
.
2009 35822

.18

,
(adjudicator) -

.


.

.
,


,

.

()- 2010

-


.


2012 5
. 2013

,

,
,

.
,

, , ,

. (2010-2011). II.
, , 2012, .534
18

13

2013 6 (46)

.
-

,





.19
-

,


,

, -

,


,

,
, ,

,
,
,

, ,

, , ,
,
,
, ,

.

- 2013
9
25
.

44






.

.
4.1

-

2003
20 2003


,


,

- II 2013 4



.

3- 6 . www.legalinfo.mn
20

, ,
,
, ,
, ,
.
www.mongolchamber.mn
19

14

.21 ,

,

,

22

-
.
,

(negotiation, mini-trial,
mediation, conciliation)
-

23
.

,

.
4.2
,

4.1 -

,

,

.
, -
(Uniform Mediation Act)
- XI (Section 11. International
Commercial Mediation) -

25.

(Indian
Arbitration and Conciliation Act),

26. -

.
, 2002 -

(Model Law on
International Commercial Conciliation) , ,
, ,
30

24.
.. :

. -
. , ,
2005, 01(06), 16 -
22
, ,

. . 535 - .
23
,




. ,
.
24

- , ,
,
www.uncitral.org/uncitral/en/uncitral-texts/arbitration-
.
21

-
, .
, ,
, ,
,
.
www.uncitral.org/en-index.htm. web site - .
26

, (LCIA) 25

15

2013 6 (46)

( 27 2010. 193

( ) -

2011 ,


.27

28
, ,

(International Court
of Arbitration) -

.
- 2012 7 1
(KCAB Mediation Rules)-
,

29.

,

,




.

2001
-

(amicable dispute resolution rules,
ICC ADR Rules) -

,

,
(neutral) ,

,
,

.

.

,


,


.
-

,


,
,

,
,

.

,


.

(mediation) -

,
, ,
-



.

India LCIA - Jan Paulsson,

Nigel Rawding, Lucy Reed. . .72 .
27


( ). .2. www.
supcourt.ru/obosnovanie.doc

ADR Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce.

Arbitration and ADR Rules.ICC Publication 850 E, ISBN
978-92-842-0113-6
29
2012 Annual Report KCAB. P.14. www.kcab.or.kr.
28

16

5.

4.

,


,


.

, ,

,


.
:
1.

, ,
, ,

,


.

5.

, ,
,

.
,

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,

2.

,

,

3.


-

,
,


,

17

2013 6 (46)

Summary

rules of the Mongolian International and

National Arbitration Court (MINAC) and
other institutions do not regulate many
issues of alternative dispute resolution
such as mini-trial, expert opinion,
international commercial conciliation and
settlement techniques. Consequently,
MINAC and other arbitral institutions still
need to improve the legal environment
of commercial conciliation and make
necessary amendments and modifications
to their existing mediation rules and other
relevant regulations.

This article deals with the legal

aspects of alternative dispute resolution
in the context of the present Mongolian
arbitral practice. The recent development
of conciliation legislation and challenging
issues of the present Mongolian arbitral
practice are also discussed in this article.
The recent development of conciliation
legislation of Mongolia and practice of
international arbitral institutions show that
the existing Arbitration Law and arbitration

---o0o---

18

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30
3000-4000

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2013 6 (46)

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3
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Textbook for the country focused training course
in Mediation trainers training, 2014.01.13-24, ,
.
1

3- 3.1-
,

24

 , : ,

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2,
,3
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,

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2013, ,
, 2013.
3

.
4
, - .

.
5
Macaulay, Stewart. Non-contractual relations in business:
A preliminary study.American sociological review28.1
(1963): 55-67.
2

25

2013 6 (46)

,
.

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zero sum10
.

, non-zero sum
.

,
,


Stipanowich,
Thomas and Lamare, J. Ryan, Living with ADR: Evolving
Perceptions and Use of Mediation, Arbitration and Conflict Management in Fortune 1,000 Corporations (February
19, 2013). Harvard Negotiation Law Review, Forthcoming; Pepperdine University Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2013/16. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2221471 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2221471.

Nolan-Haley, Jacqueline M.,
Mediation: The New Arbitration. Harvard Negotiation Law
Review, Forthcoming; Fordham Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 1713928. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.
com/abstract=1713928.
6

Jacqueline M. Nolan-Haley, Court Mediation and the

Search for Justice Through Law, 74 Wash. U. L. Q. 47-102
(1996). Available at: http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/
lawreview/vol74/iss1/3
8
Jacqueline M. Nolan-Haley, Court Mediation and the Search
for Justice Through Law, 74 Wash. U. L. Q. 50 (1996).
9
Lon L. Fuller, Mediation-Its Forms and Functions, 44 S.
CAL. L. REV. 305, 325 (1971).
10
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game theory, (2007) 1 7 .
7

26

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.

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.16

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Richard A. Posner, Economic Approach to Legal Procedure
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2013, (2013.09), . 11.
12

,
,
. Textbook for
the country focused training course in Mediation trainers
training, 2014.01.13-24, , .
16
(2012) 12
12.4.
15

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---o0o---

41

2013 6 (46)

: ,
, ,

.

, / /
, /
/

1

Alternative
Dispute
Resolution /ADR/
,

.


,
.
ADR- :
, /expert determination/
, /arb-med/
, /med-arb/ -, /mini-trial/
, //
, (private judging)

, /multidoor courthouse/; 2,
, /settlement conference/
/conciliation/

.
ADR-

;3
. ADR

.. - ,

1. ,
, , .

//-

2009
6

2






,

,

..
//
. - .: , 2004, 1. - . 163
2


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42

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Alternative dispute resolution
7


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- - ,
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.1




,


.2
,

David Levinson, Aggression and Conflict: A Cross-Cultural

Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO, 1994); Roebuck, The Myth of
Modern Mediation, 105.
4
Larry Spain and Kristine Paranica, Consideration for
Mediation and Alternative Dispute Resolution for North
Dakota, SSRN Scholarly Paper (Rochester, NY: Social
Science Research Network, 2001), http://papers.ssrn.com/
abstract=2135003; Bryan Clark, Lawyers and Mediation
(Springer, 2012).
5
Alan Scott Rau et al., Mediation and Other Non-Binding
ADR Processes (Foundation Press, 2002), 75.
6


. Cappelletti, Cappelletti
Acces to Justice 4 Vols (BRILL, 1979).
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Alternative dispute resolution

. Stephen B. Goldberg et al., Dispute Resolution: Negotiation, Mediation, Arbitration, and Other Processes (Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2012).
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,


. Carrie Menkel-Meadow, Mothers and Fathers of
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3

Nadja Marie Alexander, Global Trends in Mediation (Otto

Schmidt Verlag DE, 2003), 1.
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. Roebuck D, The Myth of Modern Mediation, Arbitration 73 (n.d.): 106.
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- .
,


.

.11

.
,

,

. 1980-



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.12

,

.
,

,
2012

.

,
,


.

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.10
30


,

.




.

G Dixon and E Carroll, ADR Development in London,

International Construction Law Review 7 (1990); E Carroll,
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Penny Brooker, Mediation Law: Journey Through Institutionalism to Juridification (Routledge, 2013), 10.
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works.bepress.com/carrie_menkel-meadow/11.
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Nancy A. Welsh, Making Deals in Court-Connected Mediation: Whats Justice Got to Do With It?, Washington University Law Review 79, no. 3 (January 1, 2001): 20.
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Clark, Lawyers and Mediation, 5.

62

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.16 1980-
,
,


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.17

.18

-
1998 -

,


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.

,
.
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2002


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.

-
.
-

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15
.

, .20

Deborah Macfarlane, Family Mediation in France, Journal of Family Studies 10, no. 1 (April 2004): 97.
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Ibid.
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. 95125- , 21- , n.d.
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S Coldberg, E Green, and F Sander, Dispute Resolution

(Little Brown and Company, 1985), 92; Hazel Genn and
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14
Amsler (formerly Bingham) and Lisa Blomgren, Why Suppose? Lets Find Out: A Public Policy Research Program on
Dispute Resolution, SSRN Scholarly Paper (Rochester, NY:
Social Science Research Network, April 30, 2001), http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1827263.
15
Julie Macfarlane, Culture Change - A Tale of Two Cities
and Mandatory Court-Connected Mediation, Journal of Dispute Resolution 2002 (2002): 241.
13

63

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. -



.
,

,


.21

,25 ,26
,
27


.
: 2007
257

87

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.

. ,
, ,
,

.
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, ,
,

,

.

.


29
, ,



.30

,22
,23
24

Coates and Gehm, An Empirical Assessment.

Kenneth Kressel et al., A Typology of Divorcing Couples:
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27
H. Irving Howard and Benjamin Michael, Family Mediation, SAGE, 62, accessed February 17, 2014, http://www.
sagepub.com/books/Book4932?prodId=Book4932.
28
7 Outcomes Ministry of Justice, New Zealand, accessed February 17, 2014, http://www.justice.govt.nz/publications/global-publications/f/family-mediation-evaluation-ofthe-pilot-april-2007/7-outcomes.
29
Raymond A. Whiting, Family Disputes, Nonfamily Disputes, and Mediation Success, Mediation Quarterly 11, no.
3 (1994): 247260, doi:10.1002/crq.3900110305.
30
Royer F. Cook, Janice A. Roehl, and David I. Sheppard,
Neighborhood Justice Centers Field Test: Final Evaluation
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25
26

Roman Tomasic and Malcolm Feeley, Neighborhood Justice: Assessment of an Emerging Idea (Longman, 1982),
194196.
22
R.B. Coates and J Gehm, An Empirical Assessment,
in Mediation and Criminal Justice: Victims, Offenders, and
Community, ed. Martin Wright and Burt Galaway (Sage
Publications, 1989).
23
P.J.D. Carnevale, L.L. Putnam, and K.M. O`Connor, Mediator Behavoir and Effectiveness in Community Meditation,
in Community Mediation: A Handbook for Practitioners and
Researchers, ed. Karen Grover Duffy, James W. Grosch,
and Paul V. Olczak (Guilford Press, 1991), 119136.
24
Howard H. Irving and Michael Benjamin, An Evaluation
of Process and Outcome in a Private Family Mediation Service, Mediation Quarterly 10, no. 1 (1992): 43, doi:10.1002/
crq.3900100105.
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64

31



. ,



.32

.35

,

,
,

.




, ,


. 36

.
,
, , ,


.33

,
.37



.




.38

.34

,
,
,

12
Michael L. Bridenback, The Citizen Dispute Settlement
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, ,
3
Michael R. Van Slyck, Marilyn Stern, and Lori
Moore Newland, Parent-Child Mediation: An Empirical Assessment, Mediation Quarterly 10, no. 1 (1992): 7588,
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Carnevale, Putnam, and O`Connor, Mediator Behavoir
and Effectiveness in Community Meditation.
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doi:10.1111/j.174-1617.1996.tb00427.x.
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Meierding, Does Mediation Work?.
35

Ibid.; Whiting, Family Disputes, Nonfamily Disputes, and

Mediation Success.
32
Irving and Benjamin, An Evaluation of Process and Outcome in a Private Family Mediation Service.
33
Elizabeth Ellen Gordon Stevens H. Clarke, Public Sponsorship of Private Settling: Court-Ordered Civil Case Mediation, Justice System Journal - JUSTICE SYST J 19, no. 3
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Margaret S. Herrman, The Blackwell Handbook of Mediation: Bridging Theory, Research, and Practice (John Wiley
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65

2013 6 (46)

, ,

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Process Practice (Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2001), 31.
39

66

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(OECD), Recommendation of the OECD Council, Report
on risks faced by children online and policies to protect
them, 2011.
,
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United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), The Innocenti

Research Centre, Child Safety Online, Global Challenges
and Strategies, 2012.OECD,Recommendation of the OECD
Council, Report on risks faced by children online and policies to protect them, 2011.
6
International Assosiation of Internet Hotlines.http://www.
inhope.org/gns/home.aspx
7
Safer Internet Centers.http://www.saferinternet.org/
8
United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), The Innocenti
Research Centre, Child Safety Online, Global Challenges
and Strategies, 2012.OECD,Recommendation of the OECD
Council, Report on risks faced by children online and policies to protect them, page 41, 2011.
5

Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime.United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), The Innocenti Research
Centre, Child Safety Online, Global Challenges and Strategies, 2012.
4

76

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.21

,





. -

,

Cheryl B. Preston,Zoning the Internet: A New Approach

to ProtectingChildrenOnline, Brigham young university law
review, 2008.
20
Federal Childrens Internet Protection Act, 2000.
21
United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), The Innocenti
Research Centre, Child Safety Online, Global Challenges
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Council, Report on risks faced by children online and poli19

18 http://www.iajapan.org/hotline/
center/20130329guide.pd

81

2013 6 (46)

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MySpace

,
.

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Services 2010/13/EU)-

/on-demand audiovisual services
delivered over the internet/




.26

(Social networking sexual
predators)



-

.23


cies to protect them, 2011.
22
National Conference of State Legislatures, Children and
the Internet.Overview of State Laws.Cyberbullying.
http://www.ncsl.org/research/education/cyberbullying.aspx
23
Sander J.C. van der Heide, Social Networking and Sexual
Predators:The Case forSelf-Regulation, Hastings communications and entertainment law journal, 2008.

.
Article 16 1(e) of Directive on Electronic Commerce.
26
EC Directiveof the Audiovisual Media Services 2010/13/
24
25

82

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EU.
27
The regulatory framework concerning online protection of
minors in China, Research paper, University of Oslo, 2011.
28
Green Paper on the Protection of Minors and Human Dignity in Audiovisual and Information Service, presented by
the Commission of the European Communities, [COM(96)
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adopting a multiannual Community action plan on promoting
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83

2013 6 (46)

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grooming
.

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Exploitation and Online Protection
Centre/

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-

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Task Force)
,
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29
30

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Office for Standards in Education, Childrens Services and
Skills.Briefings and information for use during inspections of
maintained schools and academies.
http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/briefings-and-information-for-use-during-inspections-of-maintained-schools-andacademies
33
OECD,Recommendation of the OECD Council, Report on
31
32

Section 84, Criminal Justice and Public Order Act, 1994.

Section 7(4), Protection of Children Act, 1978.

84

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(illigel content)
risks faced by children online and policies to protect them,
2011. www.thinkuknow.co.uk .

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page 42, 2011.
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