EE5118

Building Management
Systems (BMS)

Lecture 3
Management Information Systems
(MIS) and e-commerce concepts in
BMS designs

By Dr. Saranga Abeygunawadane

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What is an Intranet?
A private network for an organization, May be a
LAN or WAN.
A website on a private network, often called a
Corporate Portal.

What is an Extranet?
A private network accessible to authenticated
remote users (via dialup, Internet, RF, )
A website or Portal on that private network.
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What can an Intranet display?

Practically desired soft versions
documents
forms
charts and graphs
pictures & scanned images
databases
downloadable files
Relatively static information
benefits descriptions
policies & procedures
forms
organization charts
newsletters
document templates
facility locations & maps

What can an Intranet display?

Somewhat dynamic information
phone & staff lists
internal job postings
driver signup lists
run or line schedules
turn-by-turn route directions
BMS data coming from various zones
project summaries and schedules

Major Types of Systems in

Business Organization

EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS)

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS)
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS)
KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS (KWS)
OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS (OAS)
TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS (TPS)

OAS Direct Part of BMS

MIS - Provide decision-making support for routine, structured
decisions, Closely linked to and fed by TPS
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Typical TPS Applications

Sales & Marketing Systems
Major functions:
Sales management, market research,
promotion, pricing, new products
Major application systems:
Sales order info system, market research
system, pricing system
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Typical TPS Applications

Manufacturing & Production Systems
Major functions:
Scheduling, purchasing, shipping, receiving,
engineering, operations
Major application systems:
Materials resource planning systems, purchase
order control systems, engineering systems,
quality control systems
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Typical TPS Applications

Finance & Accounting Systems
Major functions:
Budgeting, general ledger, billing, cost
accounting
Major application systems:
General ledger, accounts receivable, accounts
payable, budgeting, funds management
systems
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Typical TPS Applications

Human Resources Systems
Major functions:
Personnel records, benefits, compensation,
labor relations, training
Major application systems:
Payroll, employee records, benefit systems,
career path systems, personnel training
systems
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Typical TPS Applications

Other Types (e.g., University)
Major functions:
Admissions, grade records, course records,
alumni
Major application systems:
Registration system, student transcript system,
curriculum class control system, alumni
benefactor system
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TPS Data for MIS Applications

TPS
Order Processing

MIS
SALES
DATA

System
ORDER FILE
Materials Resource
Planning System
PRODUCTION MASTER FILE
General Ledger
System
ACCOUNTING FILES

UNIT
PRODUCT
COST

MIS

REPORTS

PRODUCT
CHANGE
DATA
EXPENSE
DATA

MANAGERS

MIS FILES

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Data from BMS

TPS

MIS

ORDER FILE
Materials Resource
Planning System

UNIT
PRODUCT
COST

MIS

REPORTS

PRODUCTION MASTER FILE

MANAGERS

MIS FILES

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Supply-chain Management
CUSTOMERS

ORDER
PROCESSING

PLANNING &
FORECASTING

SUPPLIERS

PROCUREMENT
ACCOUNTING

INTRANET
PRODUCTION

LOGISTICS
SERVICES

SHIPPING

INVENTORY

DISTRIBUTORS

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Electronic commerce

An Web server handles Web pages whereas an ecommerce server deals with the buying and selling
of goods and services.

A Web server can handle e-commerce software by

simply adding e- commerce features to existing
websites.

Features: Creation of graphics, product

information, addition of new products, shopping
carts, credit card processing, sales report
generation, Web ad rotation and weighting.
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Hosting considerations
Will the site be hosted in-house or by a provider?
Factors to consider:
The bandwidth and availability needed for the
expected size, traffic, and sales of the site
Scalability: If the Web site needs to grow or has
a sudden increase in traffic, can the provider
still handle it?
Personnel requirements or restraints
Budget and cost effectiveness of the solution
Target audience: Business-to-customer (B2C) or
business-to-business (B2B)
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E-Commerce sites
E-Commerce sites must be available 24 hours a day,
7 days a week. Requirements include:
Reliable servers
Backup servers for high availability
Efficient and easily upgraded software
Security software
Database connectivity
B2B sites also require certificate servers to issue
and analyze electronic authentication information.
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Services provided
Access to hardware, software, personnel
Domain name, IP address
Disk storage
Template pages to use for designing the site
E-mail service
Use of FTP to upload and download information
Shopping cart software
Multimedia extensions (sound, animation, movies)
Secure credit card processing

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Virtual Private Networks (VPN)

What is a VPN?
A means of augmenting a shared network
on a secure basis through encryption
and/or tunneling
Tunnels created between endpoints
for transporting data securely across
public networks
Benefits
Leverages existing Service Provider
infrastructure for private data
communications
Cost savings
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What Is an IP VPN ?
Emulate a private network over a shared IP network
Branch
..
Offices

Remote
Workers

Shared IP
Network

Internet

Corporate
Headquarters
Customers,
Suppliers

Why IP ?
Service Differentiation, Global Connectivity, Flexibility,
Platform for fast growing new services (e.g E Commerce)
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Another view of network possibilities...

A Virtual Private Network
Tokyo
Firewall

Web Sites

New York

CSU/DSU

Firewall

Router
w/L2TP

Internet
Router
w/L2TP

London

CSU/DSU

CSU/DSU

Router
w/L2TP

Remote Clients
CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit)

Another view of network possibilities...

BMS states monitoring via a VPN
Kandy
Firewall

Web Sites

Colombo

CSU/DSU

Firewall

BMS states
Online monitoring
Router

Router
w/L2TP

Internet

London

CSU/DSU

w/L2TP
CSU/DSU

Router
w/L2TP

Remote Clients
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Routing
How do packets get from A to B in the
Internet?

Internet
A

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Connectionless Forwarding
Each router (switch) makes a LOCAL decision
to forward the packet towards B

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Connectionless Forwarding
This is termed as destination-based
connectionless forwarding
How does each router know the correct local
forwarding decision for any possible
destination address?
Through knowledge of the topology state of the
network
This knowledge is maintained by a routing
protocol
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Routing Protocols
Distribute the knowledge of the current
topology state of the network to all routers
This knowledge is used by each router to
generate a forwarding table, which contains
the local switching decision for each known
destination address

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Routing Protocols
correct operation of the routing state of a
network is essential for the management of a
quality network service
accuracy of the routing information
dynamic adjustment of the routing information
matching aggregate traffic flow to network
capacity

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Path Selection

Minimum cost from A to B is 39 units

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Dynamic Path Adjustment

If R5 R7 breaks, minimum cost path from A to B is

Now 46 units

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Secure Extranets
Secure connections for multiple corporations and users on
its high speed cable based network
Max
4000

PortMaster 3
Public (Internet)
or
Private Network

Graphic Design Firm

Access
Router

Fire
Wall

Publishing Company

Firewall
Printing Company

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Network States monitoring via BMS

E-commerce Server

Firewall

UPS/Power
states

CSU/DSU

Firewall

Router
w/L2TP

Internet
Router
w/L2TP

London

CSU/DSU

Switches
Routers

CSU/DSU

Router
w/L2TP

Remote Clients
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 Wi-Fi - short for "wireless fidelity"

Term for certain types of wireless local area network
(WLAN) that use specifications in the IEEE 802.11
family.
ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network - An
international standard for end-to-end digital
transmission of voice, data, and signaling
IDSL- ISDN Digital Service Line
The MAX 4000 product is a high-powered, multiprotocol WAN access switch
This allows corporations, carriers and service
providers to extend their backbone networks and
support remote office, tele-working and Internet
access.
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Case study - BT Total Broadband

BT Fusion Next Generation Voice in / out of home

Targeting 1m VoIP
customers in 12 months

BT Videophone

VoIP services

BT Vision
Next Generation TV

WiFi Access
in the Home

Free WiFi
Access out of
the Home

Gaming and other

Online Services

Monitoring
and Control

Home IT
Support

Accommodate desired features in BMS designs

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Case study 2: MONASH UNIVERSITY -WAN

Established in 1961, Monash University is Australias largest university
with six campuses in Victoria and two overseas. It has a combined
enrolment of 42,207 students, plus 5,208 staff.
Its largest campus located at Clayton is south east of Melbourne sited
on 100 hectares with a building stock of some 98 buildings.
In 1992 a review of the Universitys Building Management System
(BMS) revealed the need for a different future direction for its BMS.
To take advantage of the emerging PC based systems, which has lead
to the development of the current IT systems which are now the
cornerstone of every day life on the University campus.

The resulting change of direction some 10 years ago, with an initial

investment of only $98,000 has positioned Monash University to be
self reliant in the management, control and expansion of the
single largest BMS within the Australian Higher Education system
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1992 - INTRODUCTION OF NEW BMS

INFRASTRUCTURE
The initial DDC/BMS system installation constituted an
overlay of the existing Honeywell Delta 1000 system which
generally comprised of monitoring and control of both
Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) and
Security systems.
The new Building Management System/DDC system
selected by the university was of the Andover Controls
Corporation manufacture.
The new DDC/BMS system turnkey installation was carried
out by Environmental Control Services Pty Ltd.
Initial Project value $98,000.00

Project encompassed a new Central File Server which

connected to Seven (7) new operator workstations over
an Arcnet high speed backbone (486 based PCs).
The file server and operator workstations were based on
IBMs OS/2 multi tasking operating system software.
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File Servers
WAN
Firewall

Primary Server

Redundant Server

File Servers are configured for hot standby redundancy operation.

When primary fails, redundant server takes over

Primary Server and Redundant Servers backup each other from standby to
Redundant and vice versa

Redundant Server also has tape backup which performs weekly

backups of database

File Servers connect to Ethernet Wide Area Network

via firewall connection

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Forecast of the global voice/data traffics growth

6
5
4
3
2

Total telephone traffic

International telephone traffic

Data traffic

08

20

07
20

06
20

05

20

04
20

03
20

02

20

01
20

00
20

99

19

98
19

97

19

Tbps

Source: Arthur D. Little

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Intranet is a private network that is contained within

an enterprise. It may consist of many interlinked LANs
and also use WANs. Typically, Intranet includes
connections through one ore more gateway computers
to the outside Internet.
The main purpose of an Intranet is to share
companys information and computing resources
among employees.
An Intranet uses TCP/IP, HTML and other Internet
protocols and in general looks like a private version of
the Internet. One of the main problem in
communications via public network is to provide the
required level of security
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Extranet is a private network that uses the

Internet protocols and the public telecom system to
securely share a part of a business information with
suppliers, vendors, partners and customers.
Extranet can be considered as a part of companys
Intranet that is extended to users outside the
company.
interlinked LANs and also use WANs.

An Extranet requires security and privacy and it uses

the same tools as Intranet - firewall servers, users
authentication, encryption and also VPNs
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Firewalls:
Host based (personal) vs. Network based
Note that host based firewalls could be disabled by
local malware
Network based gives you better centralized control
over what's allowed
Many network based firewalls can act as VPN endpoints
Default-allow vs. default-deny
Default-allow: allow everything except what we know is bad
Default-deny: block everything except what we know is good
Default-deny is much safer
Failure to gain access does not imply that you are secured!
Might be useful to gain "attention
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H.323 components
Standards for Multimedia Communications Over IP Networks
Gatekeeper

Gatekeeper

Intranet/
Internet
(IP Network)

H.323
Terminals

Router
Router

H.323
Terminals
Gateway
(Voice IWU)

PSTN/
ISDN

Gateway
(Voice IWU)

ATM

PBX

Source: R. Koch, G.Yanovsky, Evolution and Convergence in Telecommunications, book, published in 2001

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The Internet

Your network

LAN or WAN

Web Server

Database
File Server
Workstation
Workstation
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The Internet

Your network

Web Server
Database
File Server
Workstation
Workstation
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The Internet

Your network

Web Server
Database
File Server
Workstation
Workstation
44

The Internet

Your network

Web Server
Database
File Server
Workstation
Workstation
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The Internet

Your network

Web Server
Database
File Server
Workstation
Workstation
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Residential access: point to point access

Dialup via modem
up to 56Kbps direct access to router
(conceptually)
ISDN: integrated services digital network: 128Kbps
all-digital connect to router
ADSL: asymmetric digital subscriber line
up to 1 Mbps home-to-router
up to 8 Mbps router-to-home

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Institutional access: local area networks

Company/University local area network (LAN)
connects end system to edge router
Ethernet: exchanging messages between
computers on a local area network using coaxial,
fiber optic, or twisted-pair cables
shared or dedicated cable connects end system
and router
10 Mbps, 100Mbps, Gigabit Ethernet
Wireless LAN
Radio spectrum replaces wire
e.g., Lucent Wavelan 11 Mbps
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Radio link types:

Microwave
e.g. up to 45 Mbps channels
LAN (e.g., WaveLAN)
2Mbps, 11Mbps
wide-area (e.g., cellular)
e.g. 10s Kbps
Satellite
up to 50Mbps channel (or multiple smaller channels)
270 Mbps end-end delay

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MIS for a Proper BMS

Information for Analysis
An MIS provides managers with information and
support on BMS for effective decision making, and
provides feedback on daily operations
Output, or reports, are usually generated through BMS
data
Each MIS is an integrated collection of subsystems,
which are typically organized along functional lines
within an organization
For an example: Security situations, unauthorized
entries, CCTV records, and any sub-system failures
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Outputs of a BMS to MIS for report

generations and Decision Making
Energy Consumption by Quarter (Millions)
Drill Down Reports
Provide detailed data
about a situation.

Actual

Forecast

Variance

4TH Qtr 2005

$12.6

$11.8

6.8%

1st Qtr 2006

$10.8

$10.7

0.9%

2ND Qtr 2006

$14.3

$14.5

-1.4%

3rd Qtr 2006

$13.3

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MIS and Web Technology

BMS Data may be made available from management
information systems on a companys intranet
Employees can use browsers and their PCs to gain
access to the BMS data
Can display Zone data, floor data, building data
Can include feedback forms for workers through
intranet
Provides Energy consumption information to all
financial managers within an organization
Further Improvements
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2005 MIS Record Summary on BMS

Power

Failures
Lightening

HVAC
Comfort Complains
AHU Failures
Odor
Controlling/Access

Security & Safety

Fire related
Security
CCTV
Unauthorized Web access

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