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IJASGE 030401 Copyright 2014 BASHA RESEARCH CENTRE. All rights reserved
MD. KAMRUL AHSAN, MD. ISTIAQ HOSSAIN, MASUM SHAIKH, MUHAMMED ALAMGIR
2.
Soil cement column technique:
This method is commonly known as deep mixing
method or admixture method. Lime or cement
columns, where quicklime or dry cement are mixed
in situ with soft soil as shown in Figure 1, are
common in Sweden and Finland, to stabilize soft clay
and silt as well as organic soils. The method has
gradually been improved and new applications have
been found. Lime or cement columns have mainly
been used to increase the stability and to reduce the
settlements of road and railroad embankments and to
increase the stability of trenches for sewer lines,
water mains and heating ducts. New efficient
machines have been developed for the installation of
the columns. The diameter and the length have
gradually increased and the time required for the
installation of the columns has been reduced
significantly as well as the costs.
Figure 2: Mixing tools of the DJM method. (a) Construction scheme (DJM Association,
2002); (b) Recently used single mixing tool of 1.0m diameter
MD. KAMRUL AHSAN, MD. ISTIAQ HOSSAIN, MASUM SHAIKH, MUHAMMED ALAMGIR
Figure 3: Selected mixing tools of the Nordic method: (a) SD 600 mm; (b) modified SD
600 mm; (c) PB3 600 mm; (d) peat bore 800mm (courtesy of LCM)
In the deep soil mixing process, admixtures/binders
are introduced into the in-situ soils throughout the
treatment depth and mixed thoroughly using large
diameter single or multiple-shaft mixing tools to form
columns or panels of improved material (Figure 4).
MD. KAMRUL AHSAN, MD. ISTIAQ HOSSAIN, MASUM SHAIKH, MUHAMMED ALAMGIR
Without
Cement
31%
21%
35%
With Cement
36%
26%
25%
MD. KAMRUL AHSAN, MD. ISTIAQ HOSSAIN, MASUM SHAIKH, MUHAMMED ALAMGIR
5. Conclusions:
The modern development of foundation practices,
namely ground improvements techniques, to
overcome the limitations of the conventional
foundation system has been proved to be both
technically and economically feasible for the
improvement of the marginal sites. Amongst the
various ground improvement techniques for
improving soft ground conditions, cement column is
considered as one of the most versatile and cost
effective method. This ground improvement
References:
[1] Bergado, D.T., Ruenkrairergsa, T., Taesiri, Y.,
and Balasubramaniam, A.S. (1999). Deep Soil
Mixing
Used
to
Reduce
Embankment
Settlement, Ground Improvement, Vol 3, pp
145-162.
[2] Broms, B.B. (1999a). Keynote Lecture: Design
of Lime, Lime/Cement and Cement Columns.
Proceedings of the International Conference on
Dry Mix Methods for Deep Soil Stabilization,
Stockholm, 13-15 October, pp. 125-153.
MD. KAMRUL AHSAN, MD. ISTIAQ HOSSAIN, MASUM SHAIKH, MUHAMMED ALAMGIR