()

3-1

1. a = AB , b = BC a , b (1)CD (2) DE (3) EF (4) FA (5) AE

(1) b a (2) a (3) b (4) a b (5) 2b a
(1)CD = AF = BC AB = b a (2) DE = AB = a (3) EF = BC = b (4)FA = CD = a b (5) AE = BD = BA + 2BC = a + 2b
2. A , B , C D AB + DC = AC + DB

AB + DC = AB + DB + BC = AC + DB

3. A, B, C , D P PA + PC = PB + PD ABCD

AB = DC

PA + PC = PB + PD PC PD = PB PA CD = BA AD = BC

ABCD

4. ABC D AC , E AB , AD : DC = 2 :1 , AE : EB = 3 : 2 , BD CE P
(1) AP = x AB + y AC ( x, y ) =

(2) AP BC F BF : CF =

1 4
(1)( , ) (2)4 : 3
3 9

5
x + y =1
5
3
1
4
x= ,y=
(1) AP = x AE + y AC = x AE + y AD 3
3
3
9
3
2
x + y = 1

2
5
4
1
4
3
4
1
4
9
(2) AF = k AP = k AE + AC = k AB + k AC F , B, C k + k = 1 , k = , AF = AB + AC BF : CF = 4 : 3
3
9
7
7
7
9
9
3
9

5. ABCD , E AD , AE = 2 ED , F AB , AF = 3FB BE DF P AP = x AB + y AD ( x, y ) = __

1 1
( , )
2 3

4
3

AP = x AF + y AD = x AB + y AE
3
2

4
x + y =1
1
1
x= ,y=
3 3
2
3
x + y = 1
2

6. ABC BC , CA , AB D , E , F DC = 4 BD , EC = 2 AE , FB = 2 AF G DEF
AG = x AB + y AC ( x, y ) = __

1
1
1
4
1
17
8
17 8
1
, )
OG = (OF + OE + OD) AG = ( AF + AE + AD) = AC + AB + AB + AC = AB + AC
3
9
9
15
15
45
45
45 45
3
A

7. P , Q , R ABC AQ = 2QP , BR = 2RQ , CP = 2PR AP = cAC + d AB (c, d ) = ___

2

9 6
1
2
1
2 2
1
( , )
AP = AC + AR = AC + ( AQ + AB)
19 19
3
3
3
3 3
3
1
4 2
2
19
2
1
6
9
= AC + ( AP) + AB
AP = AB + AC AP = AB + AC
3
9 3
9
27
9
3
19
19 B

R 1
1

Q
1

2
C

8. P ABC PA + 3PB + 4 PC = 0 PBC PAC PAB

1: 3 : 4
PA + 3PB + 4 PC = 0 3PB = PB , 4 PC = PC P ABC ABP = BC P = C AP
ABP =

BCP =

CAP =

11 ABP
31
11 BC P 3ABP = 12BCP = 4CAP ABP : BCP : CAP = 4:1:3
3 4
PBC : PAC : PAB = 1:3: 4
C
11 C AP
4 1

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C
B
B

 9.
(A) OA + 2OB (B) 3 OA + 1 OB (C) 3 OA 1 OB (D) 3 OA + 1 OB
4
3
4
3
4
5

(E) 3 OA 1 OB
4
5

(A)(B)
OA OB 1 (A)(B)
10. a = (3, 2) , b = ( 1, 4) , c = (5, 2) (1) 8(2a 5 x ) = 2(3 x 2b) x = ____ (2) c = xa + yb ( x, y ) = __
(1)(

22 24
9 8
, ) (2)( , )
23 23
7 7

(1) 16a 40 x = 6 x 4b , 46 x = 16a + 4b , x =

5 = 3x y
8
2
22 24
a + b x = ( , ) (2)
23
23
23 23
2 = 2 x + 4 y

x=

9
8
,y=
7
7

11. ABCD , AD / / BC , A(1,3) , B( 1, 2) , C (2, 2) , AD = 10 (1) D (2) AD (3) BD

(7, 5) , (6, 8) , 113
D (1+ 3t , 3 4t)t R (1) AD = 10 = 9t 2 + 16t 2 5t = 10 t = 2 , D : (7, 5) (2) AD :(6, 8) (3) BD = 82 + (7)2 = 113
12. A B (3,8) (4,9) P AB (1) AP : BP = 3 : 2 P _____
(2) AB : BP = 3 : 2 P _____
18 43
10 25
14 29
, ) (6,11) (2)( , ) ( , )
5 5
3 3
3 3
6 12 16 27
18 43
(1) P AB : ( + , + ) : ( , )
5 5 5
5
5 5
4 6 9 16
10 25
(2) P AB P : ( + , + ) : ( , )
3 3 3 3
3 3

(1)(

P AB P : (4 3 2 3 , 9 3 8 2) : (6,11)

2
5
2
5
14 29
P AB P : ( 3 + 4 , 8 + 9) : ( , )
3
3
3
3
3 3

 1 P AB PA : PB = 3 :1 R AB AB RA : RB = 7 : 2
(1) OP = xOA + yOB ( x, y )

(2) OR = uOA + OB (u, )

1 3
2 7
(1) ( , ) (2) ( , )
4 4
5 5
1
3
(1) P, A , B PA : PB = 3 :1 OP = OA + OB
4
4
5
2
(2) R, A , B RA : RB = 7 : 2 OB = OR + OA
7
7

7
2
OR = + OB OA
5
5

 2 ABC D AC ,3 AD = AC , E AB, AE = 2 AB
(1) DE = a AB + bAC ( a, b)

(2) DE = cBC + d BA ( c, d )

1
1 5
(1) (2, ) (2) ( , )
3
3 3
1
1
1
5
1
(1) DE = CA + 2 AB = 2 AB AC (2) DE = 2 AB ( AB + BC ) =
BA BC
3
3
3
3
3

 3 a b s (2a + b) + t (3a 2b) = 7 a s , t

s = 2 , t = 1

(2 s + 3t )a + ( s 2t )b = 7 a

2s + 3t = 7
s = 2 , t =1

s 2t = 0

 4 A , B , C 3x AB + ( y + 2) BC + (2 x 5)CA = 0 ( x, y )
(5, 17)

3x = y + 2

( x, y ) = (5, 17)
3x = 2 x 5

 5 ABC D AB E AC AD : DB = 2 :1 AE : EC = 3 : 4 BE , CD P AP = x AB + y AC
(1) ( x, y ) (2) BP : PE (3) PBC : ABC
x + 7 y = 1

3
x= 8 ,y= 1

15
5
3
x + y =1
2
PBC : PAC : PAB = 4:8:3
1
8
4
8
3
PA +
PB +
PC = 0
BP : PE = 7:8 (3) AP =
AB + AC
PBC : ABC = 4:15
5
15
15
15
15

8 1
(1)( , ) (2)7 : 8 (3)4 :15
15 5
(2) AP =

8
7
AB +
AE
15
15

01040721 104

7
3x

(1) AP = x AB +
y AE =
AD + y AC
3
2

 6 D , E , F ABC BC , CA, AB BD : DC = 2 :1 CE : EA = 1: 3 AF : FB = 2 : 3 G DEF

(1) AG = x AB + y AC ( x, y )
(1)(

11 17
, ) (2)13 : 60

45 36
F
3

(2)
B

A
2
6
20

1
(OD + OE + OF )
3
1
2
1
2
11
17
AG = AC +
AB +
AB + AC =
AB +
AC
4
15
9
9
45
36
6 6 1 13
1 =
DEF : ABC = 13 : 60
15
20 12 60
C

(1) OG =
3

E
1 1
12

6
15
2

(2) DEF : ABC

 7 ABC BC , CA , AB D, E , F DC = 4 BD , EC = 2 AE , FB = 2 AF G DEF
AG = x AB + y AC ( x, y )
( 17 , 8 )
45 45
OG = (OF + OE + OD) 1
3

AG = 1 ( AF + AE + AD) = 1 AC + 1 AB + 4 AB + 1 AC = 17 AB + 8 AC
3
9
9
15
15
45
45

 8 P ABC 5PB + 7 PC = 2 AB PBC PAC PAB

2 : 3 : 7
5 PB + 7 PC = 2( PB PA) 2 PA + 3PB + 7 PC = 0 PBC : PAC : PAB = 2:3:7
 9 ABC A(1, 2) , B(3,1) , C (1, 1) A BC D,E D,E
D( 1 , 2 ) , E (2, 3 )
3
3
2
AB = BD = BE = 5 D( 3 + 5 , 1 5 ) = ( 1 , 2 ) , E (2, 3 )
CE 1
5 +1
5 +1
3
3
2
AC
DC

A(1, 2)
5

B ( 3,1) D

C (1, 1)

 10 a = (1, 3) , b = (2, 4) , c = (3, 5) (1) (a + tb) // c t (2) a + tb

(1)2 (2)

5
5

(1) (a + tb) = (1 2t , 3 + 4t ) (a + tb) // c 1 2t = 3 + 4t , t = 2

3
5
(2) a + tb = (1 2t ) 2 + ( 3 + 4t ) 2 = 20(t 7 ) 2 + 1 t = 7 5
10
5
10
5

 11 a = (2, 4) , b = (5, 8) , 3(5a + 2v) 4(3v b) = 0 v

( 5 , 14 )
3 3

3(5a + 2v) 4(3v b) = 0 v = 5 a + 2 b v = ( 5 , 14 )

2
3
3 3

3-2

3
1. (1) a, b a = 2, b = 3, a b = 5a + 2b = _____
4
(2) a, b 60 a + b, a + 2b _____

(3) a = 3, b = 4, a + b = 13 a, b _____
(4) ABC AB = 6, AC = 5 , BC = 3 AB BC = ____
(5) ABC CA AB = 3 AB BC , BC CA = 0 ______
(6) ABCDEF AC AD = 1 AB AF = _____
(7) a = 2, b = 4, c = 5 a + b + c = 0 2a + 3b + 4c = ___
2

(8) : 2a b + a + 2b = 5( a + b )

(1)11 (2) 60 (3) 120 (4) 10 (5)30 , 60 , 90 (6)

1
(7) 42 (8)
6

3
(1) 5a + 2b = (5a + 2b) 2 = 25 4 + 9 4 + 20( ) = 11
4

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