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14 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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16 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
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2009 atmufwb
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Feature Notebook

Notebook 'DZikd ;f awG 2015 ckEpS rf mS


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aemuf y d k i f ; ES p f a ygif ; 20 board av;awGudk display wGufqEdkifw,f/ jzpfw,f/ 'DvdkyJ notebook
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screen awG? opitical drive yHkpHjzpfw,f/ oabmxm;tjrif puting oabmobm0 tajc
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18 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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wmeufuaz;? [dw k ,fawGrmS oH;k xyfacgufypkH H vkyaf y;vdu k f b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf 2015 taotcsm a[mudef;xkwf
toifhxm;ay;EdkifzdkY omru w,f/ 'D tydkaqmif; tjym; ckESpfrSm jzpfay:awGUjrifvm& EdkifrSm jzpfygw,f/
av,mOfay:u tray tables wpfjym;&JU xkuvnf; wpf r,fh note book design awG OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,f&)D
av;awGay:rSmvnf; &Sad ewm vufr&JU q,fyHk tpdwftydkif; uawmh 'DaeYacwf jrifawGUae [Ref: Popular Science]

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 27
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

Shopping Guide

jrefrmhaps;uGux
f rJ mS wpfrsKd;wpfbmom yHpk &H adS ewJh
MP3/MP4 rsm;
MP3/MP4 vdYk ajymvdu
k w
f meJY portable digital audio eJY video player av;awGvYkd
oabmayguf em;vnfxm;vdu k Mf uw,f/ aw;*Dw oDcsif;awG em; qif½o kH mqd&k ifawmh MP3 udk
toH;k jyKMujy;D music tjyif video wd?Yk photos wdu
Yk ykd g cHpm; Munf½h v
I w
kd ,fq&kd ifawmh MP4 udk toH;k jyKMuw,f/

urÇmhaps;uGufrSm&SdaewJh jrifuGif;eJY taetxm;qdkwJhae&mrSm t&nftaoG; 'Dhxuf ydkjyD; FM tuner wdkY? voice re-
jrefrmhaps;uGux f uJ MP3/MP4 yHpk t H ajc tjyif harddrive vm;? mini-hard drive corder wdkY ygygovm;qdkwmawGvnf;
taeawGuawmh uGmjcm;w,f/ 0,f,l vm;? flash-memory vm;qdkwJh play- wGufqjyD; 0,f,lavh&SdMuw,f/
toHk;jyKolawG&JUtaetxm;awG uGmjcm; ers rSm toHk;jyKr,fh odkrSD;pepfawGudkyg
vdkYygvdkY ajymr,fqdk&ifvnf; ajymEdkifyg option tjzpf xm;&SdMuw,f/ Audio
vdrhfr,f/ formats u bmawG cGifhjyKxm;ovJ?
urÇmhaps;uGufxJrSm jrifawGUae&wJh video format u bmvJ? bufx&Du
MP3/MP4 awGrmS 0,f,l toH;k jyKolawG aum b,favmufMumMum toHk;cHvnf;
twGuf a&G;cs,fp&m tcGifhtvrf;awG 'grSr[kwf ae&mwdkif;rSm 0,f,l&Edkifr,fh
wpfyw kH pfyifeYJ rQwpGm &Sad e&w,f/ yxr "mwfcJudk toHk;jyK&wmvm; qdkwmawG
qH;k brand? 'kw, d 'DZikd ;f jzpfjyD; wwd,u uvJ 0,f,ltoHk;jyKolawGtwGuf a&G;
bwf*sut f aetxm;jzpfw,f/ bwf*suf cs,f&r,fh tcGifhtvrf;awG jzpfw,f/

28 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

pouplar sweet spot wpfck jzpfaevdkYyg


yJ/ a,bk,soabmt& wefz;kd MuD;MuD;udk
0,fEdkif&if 0ifqHhrIyrmPMuD;MuD; &Edkif
w,fvdkY tMurf;zsif; rSwf,lEdkifw,f/
txl;ojzifh 'pf*spfw,f rD'D,mawGudk
wwfEikd o f avmuf rsm;rsm; pkaqmif;xm;&Sd
jyD; toHk;jyKcsifw,fqdk&ifawmh ao;ao;
i,fi,f players av;awGudk a&Smif&rSm
jzpfovdk Flash-memory card slot ryg
wmudkvnf; pOf;pm; a&G; cs,f p &m
taMumif;r&Sday/
Audio Formats awGeYJ ywfoufvYkd
ajym&&if rsm;aomtm;jzifh player awG
rSm native MP3 playback udk yHhydk;ay;
MP3 eJY MP4 player awGrSm odkrSD; xm;ay;w,f/ 'grSr[kwf removable EdkifMuw,f/ 'gayrJh wjcm; file formats
pepfeJY ywfoufjyD; t"du yHkpHoHk;rsKd;udk flash-memory cards awGukd toH;k jyKap awGudkvnf; cGJxGufjyD; oHk;csifw,fqdk&if
toH;k jyKMuw,f/ tao;pm; hard drives w,f/ SD card wdkY? Multimedia cards oHk;cGihf&EdkifapzdkY yHhydk; aqmif&Gufay;xm;
av;awG oHk;wJh players qdk&if 0ifqHhrI awGeJY oHk;wmrsKd;udk qdkvdkwm jzpfw,f/ wmawGvnf; &SdEdkifw,f/ MP3 omru
yrmP 2.5 GB uae 8GB txd &SdEdkif 'Dvdk players awG&JU odkrSD;yrmPawGu wjcm; music file awGudkvnf; xnfh
w,f/ ud&d,m udk,fxnfMuD;vdkY hard 128 MB uae 8 GB txd &SdEdkifw,f/ oGif; toHk;jyKvdkw,fqdk&ifawmh play-
drive enf;enf; ydkMuD;wJh t&G,ftpm;eJY 1GB yrmP&Sw d hJ player awGukd 0,f,rl I ers awG0,fwJhtcg tao;pdwftnTef;udk
oHk;&ifawmh 0ifqHhrIyrmP 20 GB uae trsm;qHk; taetxm;&Sdwmudk awGU& aocsmMunfhjyD; 0,f,l&rSm jzpfw,f/
120 GB txd &SdEdkifw,f/ 'Dvdk 0ifqHhrI w,f/ wefzdk;eJY 0ifqHhrIyrmPtMum; Apple &JU ay:jyLvm iPod player awG
yrmPMuD;MuD;eJY wyfqifxm;wJh play-
ers awGrSm aw;*DwoDcsif;qdk&ifvnf;
ta&twGuf axmifaomif;ru xnfh
jrefrmtkdifwDaps;uGufrS aps;EIef;rsm;
oGif;xm;EdkifjyD; AD'D,dk½kyf&Sifqdk&ifvnf; MP3 Polymer 2 GB 18ç000 usyf
em&DeJY csDjyD; Munfh½IEdkifcGifh &SdoGm;w,f/ MP3 SYH 2 GB 15ç000 usyf
Flash-memory players awGqdkwmu MP3 Sony 2 GB 13ç000 usyf
awmh digital music awGudk internal
MP3 JXD 2 GB 10ç500 usyf
solid-state memory awGeJY odrf;qnf;
MP4 SYH Camera 2 GB 27ç000 usyf
MP4 Sony Camera 2 GB 26ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 661 2 GB 29ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 685 2 GB 30ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 206 2 GB 29ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 656 2 GB 29ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 209 2 GB 3ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 300 2 GB 70ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 311 2 GB 40ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 312 2 GB 47ç000 usyf
MP4 J X D 318 2 GB 46ç000 usyf

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 29
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

u &EdkifwJh secure WMAs awGudk 0,f


EdkifiHwumaps;uGufrS aps;EIef;rsm; ,l toHk;jyKcGifhay;Muw,f/ 'D player
MP3 Apple iPod nano (4th Gen) 8 GB 149 a':vm trsKd;tpm;awG&UJ tenf;pkrmS Microsoft
&JU Windows Media DRM 10 udk yHhydk;
16 GB 199 a':vm
aqmif&uG w
f mvnf; awGUEdik yf gao;w,f/
MP3 Apple iPod nano (3rd Gen) 4 GB 79 a':vm (,cifu Janus vdkY code trnfay;cJhwJh
MP3 Apple iPod touch (2nd Gen) 8 GB 229 a':vm digital-nights management technol-
16 GB 299 a':vm ogy udk oH;k xm;wmudk qdv
k w
kd mjzpfw,f/
32 GB 399 a':vm 'gawGu Napster To Go vdk vpOfaMu;
MP3 Archos 5 60 GB 349 a':vm ay;oGif;jyD; music file awGudk toHk;jyK
120 GB 399 a':vm &wJh qm;ApfrsKd;awGeJYrSom toHk;csEdkifrSm
250 GB 449 a':vm jzpfw,f)
MP3 Cowon A3 30 GB 320 a':vm Video formats awGtwGuf MP4
vdk personal video player (PVPs) rSm
60 GB 390 a':vm
cGihfjyKxm;csufawG trsKd;rsKd; &SdEdkifw,f/
MP3 Cowon S9 16 GB 204 a':vm
wcsKdUarmf',fawGuawmh Microsoft &JU
32 GB 279 a':vm portable Media Center OS eJY vnfywf
MP3 Creative Zen X-Fi 8 GB 119 a':vm toHk;jyKapwmudk awGU & yg vdrhf r,f/
16 GB 179 a':vm 'gayrJh trsm;pkuawmh MPEG-4 format
32 GB 329 a':vm xJrSm AD'D,dkawGudk zdodyfxnfh,ljyD; jyef
MP3 iRiver P7 8 GB 179 a':vm zGihfMunfhvdkY&atmif pDpOfay;xm;Muavh
16 GB 209 a':vm &Sdw,f/ b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf MP4 player
MP3 iRiver Spinn 4 GB 249 a':vm awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm wjcm; tydkaqmif;
video codes awGuv kd nf; yHyh ;kd aqmif&u
G f
8 GB 289 a':vm
ay;Muygao;w,f/ Oyrm AVI/ DivX/
MP3 Microsoft Zune 16 GB 199 a':vm
WMV pwJh video format awGudk qdkvdk
MP3 Microsoft Zune 120 GB 249 a':vm wm jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh 0,f,ltoHk;jyK
MP3 Samsung P3 8 GB 149 a':vm olawGtaeeJY video format awG b,f
16 GB 199 a':vm avmuftxd us,fus,fjyefYjyefY toHk;jyK
MP3 Samsung Q2 8 GB 99 a':vm cGifhay;xm;w,fqdkwmudk product awG
16 GB 129 a':vm &JU tao;pdwftnTef;udk avhvm ppfaq;
MP3 SanDisk Slot Music Player 19 a':vm &rSm jzpfw,f/
MP3 Sony X Serie Walkman 16 GB 299 a':vm bufx&Dupd eö YJywfoufvYkd ajym&&if
32 GB 399 a':vm

jzpfwJh shuffle wdkY? Nano wdkY? Flagship 0Juwpfqifh nonsecure AAC files
iPod wdkY qdkwJh player awGu iTunes awGuykd J yHyh ;kd aqmif&u
G af y;Edik yf gvdrrfh ,f/
Music stone uae vHjk cHKrItpDtrHeYJ vkyf iPod awGryg wjcm; player awmfawmf
xm;wJh AAC track udkom yHhydk; aqmif rsm;rsm;rSm nonsecure Windows Me-
&Gufay;xm;wmudk awGUEdkifw,f/ wjcm; dia Audio (WMA) file awGudk toHk;
player awGrSm 'Dvdk fornatted file awG jyKcGifh ay;xm;w,f/ wcsKdUuawmh Nap-
udk toH;k jyKcsifw,fq&kd if iTunes aqmhzf ster wdkY? Urge wdkYvdk online store awG

30 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

toHk;jyKol trsm;pktaeeJY 'Dvdk MP3/


MP4 player awGudk 0,fzdkY usyfaiG wpf
aomif;cGJuae oHk;aomif;avmufudkyJ
bwf * suf owf r S w f a vh &S d M uw,f /
ta&mif;qdkifMuD;awGrSm urÇmhaps;uGufrSm
ay:jyLvmjzpfaewJh player armf',f wcsKUd
udk wifxm;a&mif;csavh &SMd ujyD; ta&mif;
qdkifav;awGuawmh w½kwfEdkifiH vkyf
MP3/ MP4 armf',fav;awGudkom wif
hard drive player wdkif;u omreftm; vmtjzpfq;kH MP3 player awGu pwkw¬ xm; a&mif;csavh &SdMuw,f/
jzifh xkwfvkyfa&mif;cswJh ukrÜPD&JU toHk; rsKd;qufopf Apple iPod nano wwd, jrefrmEdkifiHrSm aw;*DweJY AD'D,dkawG
cstpDtpOfeJY &SdaeapwJh rechargeable rsKd;qufopf iPod shuffle/ 'kwd,rsKd; udk ESpfoufjrwfEdk;olawG awmfawmfrsm;
batterie awG wyfqifygvmw,f/ wpf quf o pf iPod touch/ Archos 5/ rsm; &Sdw,f/ txl;ojzifh vli,ftrsm;pk
Mudrf tm;oGif;&if 4 em&Duae em&Daygif; Cowon A3/ Cowon S9/ Creative Zen u oDcsif;em;axmifwmwdkY? AD'D,dkwdkY?
30 avmuftxd toHk;jyKEdkifapwJh tm; X-Fi/iRiver P7/iRiver Spinn/ Mi- pwdwf½Id;wdkY Munfhwmudk 0goemygMu
oGif;bufx&DrsKd;awGjzpfw,f/ armf',f crosoft Zune-16GB/Microsoft.Zune w,f/ 'Dvykd J tifwmeufMunfwyhJ &dowf
ay:rlwnfjyD; bufx&Doufwrf; trsKd; 120 GB/ Samsung P3/ Samsung O2/ xJrSm trsm;pku vli,fawG jzpfaew,f/
rsKd; &SdEdkifw,f/ Flash models awmfawmf SanDisk Sansa slot Music Player/ 'Dvdkudpaö wGudkvnf; vkyfcsif? bwf*suf
rsm;rsm;u AA 'grSr[kwf AAA Alka- Sony X series Walkman-NWZ-X- uvnf; wGufcsufae&olawGuawmh
line bufx&DawG xnfh oHk; & w,f/ 1051 wdkY jzpfw,f/ Memory Stick av;awGukd 0,f,l toH;k
aemufqHk;xkwf flash model awGqdk&if MP3/MP4 player awGeJYywfouf csMuw,f/ tifwmeufu MudKufEpS o f uf
em&D 50 avmuftxd toH;k jyKEdik w f t
hJ qifh vdkY jrefrmhaps;uGufrSm wpfrsKd;wpfbmom &mav;awGukd xnfo h iG ;f o,faqmifciG &fh
awGuykd if awGUvm&w,f/ Flash Player wpfypkH eH YJ &Sio
f efaewm awGU&w,f/ 0,f ovdk MudKufESpfouf&m music file av;
awGudk ukrÜPDtpDtpOfeJY wyfqifay; ,l toH;k jyKolawG&UJ awmif;qdrk u I kd tajc awGudk xnfhoGif;jyD; em;qifMuw,f/ 'g
vdkufwJh rechargable battery awG xnfh cHjyD; wifxm; a&mif;csaewJyh pkH H jzpfw,f/ aMumifh jrefrmhaps;uGufxJrSm vGefcJhwJh 4
ay;vdkufwJh player awGu playback 0,f,l toHk;jyKolawG trsm;pku MP3 ESpfavmufu yxrqHk; ta&mif;oGufcJh
toHk;jyKcsdefudk 6 em&Duae 15 em&Dtxd qd&k if oDcsif; em;axmifr,f/ MP4 qd&k if wmu MP3 em;axmifvdkY&EdkifwJh Me-
trsKd;rsKd; cGifhjyKxm;Muw,f/ 'gu mu- AD'D,dkMunfhr,f? pwdwf½Id;Munfhr,fqdkwJh mory stick awGyJ jzpfw,f/ vGec f w
hJ hJ ESpf
sic oefYoefYav;udk qdkvdkwm jzpfw,f/ t,ltqyJ &Sdwmudk awGU&w,f/ 0,f,l ESpf avmufupjyD;awmh FM radio vnf;
wu,fvYkd "mwfyakH wG? AD', D akd wGukd Munfh
r,fqdk&ifawmh music awG zGifhem;axmif
wmavmuf oufwrf;&EdkifrSm r[kwfay/
aemufydkif;xkwf MP3 player awG
awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm FM tuner ygvmavh
&SdwJhtwGwf FM radio udk em;qifcGifh &
Muw,f/ wcsKUd qd&k if radio program awG
udk record vkyfEdkifjyD; built-in micro-
phone eJYtwl voice reconding tpD
tpOfrsKd;udkvnf; toHk;cscGifh &SdMuw,f/
Lin-in-jacks awGeYJ wdu k ½f ukd f record vkyf
EdkifwJh player awGvnf; &Sdwwfygw,f/
avmavmq,f urÇmeJYt0ef; aps;
uGufawGrSm ta&mif;toGufqHk;eJY ay:jyL

32 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

wcsKdUu wu,fuRrf;usifolawG&Sdovdk
wcsKdUu rdrdwdkY tyfESHwJhypönf;udk tprf;
oyfcHypönf;taeeJY toHk;cswwfwmudkyJ
jzpfw,f/
0,f , l toH k ; jyKol a wG u vnf ;
MP3/MP4 player av;awGxJudk udk,f
wdkifudk,fus uGefysLwmuaewpfqifh
music file wdkY? video file wdkY? photo
file wdkYudk xnfhoGif;Mu&wm&Sdovdk qdkif
awGrSm oGm;a&mufí oGif;cay;jyD; oGif;
,lMuwmrsKd;awGvnf; &Sdw,f/ Online
stores awG u 0,f , l w J h t qih f r&S d
oavmufyJ jzpfw,f/ bufx&DeJY ywf
oufvdkYvnf; rechargeable battery
em;axmifvdkY&wJh MP3 player awG &Sad ecJw
h ,f/ 'D players av;awGukd toH;k wyfqif toHk;jyK&wJh players xuf AA
ta&mif;oGuv f mw,f/ jyD;cJw
h EhJ pS u
f pjyD; jyKMuwJah e&mrSm rsm;aomtm;jzifh Mum&Snf 'grSr[kwf AAA bufx&DrsK;d udk toH;k jyK
awmh pwdwf½Id;awGudkyg MunfhvdkY&wJh rcHbJ ysufpD;avmufwJh tajctaersKd; aewJh player awGukd a&G;cs,Mf u&wJt h ajc
MP4 player awGyg ta&mif;oGufcJhwm awGawmh MuHKawGUMu&avh&Sdw,f/ MP3/ taevnf; &Sdw,f/ b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf
awGU&w,f/ 'Dae&mrSm 0,f,l toH;k jyKol MP4 player awGcsnf; a&mif;wJh qdi k af wG jrefrmhaps;uGufxJu MP3/MP4 player
awG&JU bwf*sufawGu Limitation &Sdae &Sdovdk uifr&mqdkifwdkY? w,fvDzkef;qdkif awG&JU tajctaeuawmh wpfrsKd;wpfbm
wJt
h avsmuf aps;EIe;f csKo
d mwJh w½kwEf ikd if H wdkYrSmvnf; wifxm; a&mif;cswmawG &Sd omeJY &Sifoefaewmudk awGU&w,f/ 0,f
vkyf ypön;f awGuokd m 0,f,El ikd Mf uw,f/ w,f/ 'DtwGuf MP3/MP4 jyKjyifonf ,l toHk;jyKolawGeJY a&mif;csolawG ESpfOD;
aps;uGufqdkwmudk tjrJwap avh qdkwJh qdkif;bkwfcsdwfjyD; vkyf udkif wJh ESpzf uf tqifajyajyjzpfaeaMumif; wifjy
vmaeMu&wJh ta&mif;qdkifawGuvnf; qdkifav;awGvnf; wpfaeYxuf wpfaeY vdkuf&ygw,f/
qdkifawGrSm 90 &mcdkifEIef;u w½kwfEdkifiH ydkrsm;vmwm awGU&w,f/ 'gayrJh 0,f,l 0if;pH
vkyfawGudkyJwifxm; a&mif;cscJhw,f/ toHk;jyKolawGtaeeJY owdxm;&rSmu
ta&mif;qdkif awmfawmfrsm;rsm; rSmvnf;
w½kwfEkdifiHvkyf MP3/MP4 player awG Walkman
uvGJvdkY wjcm; rawGU&ay/ Sony trSwf W-series(2GB)
wHqdyfeJY yef;oD;wHqdyfyg player awGyif NWZ-W202
w½kwfEdkifiHvkyfawG jzpfaew,f/ 'gayrJh
vnf; a&mif;oleYJ 0,fol jrdKifjrdKifqikd q
f ikd f Walkman player twGuf
Sony u W-series qkdwJh trnf
opfeYJ pjyD; xkwvf yk cf w
hJ mjzpfw,f/
tvGefqGJaqmifrI&SdwJh 'DZdkif;jzpf
w,f / Mp3 aw;*D w awG u d k
usef;rma&; avhusifhcef;vkyfudkif&if;yif em;qifcGifh&Edkifw,f/ vnf*kwfaemuf
upGyfjyD; em;udk wyfjyD; em;qif&wm jzpfw,f/ MP3 formats udkyJ cGifhjyKxm;
w,f/ bufx&DwpfMudrf tm;oGif;&if 12 em&DMumavmuf wpfqufwnf;
toHk;jyKEdkifw,f/ tm;oGif;zkdYtwGuf uGefysL wmuwpfqifh USB connection
eJYqufoG,fvkyfudkif&w,f/ odkrSD;EdkifwJh yrmPu 2GB jzpfw,f/ FM tuner
ygwJh twGuf FM radio udkvnf; em;qifcGifh &w,f/ &efukefjrdKU Sony
Showroom rSm usyfaiG 89000 eJY wifxm; a&mif;csvsuf &Sdw,f/

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 33
NEW PRODUCT

NEW PRODUCT
Transforming USB Flash Memory Nokia N97 Smartphone
USB flash memory av;udk t½kyfav;wpfckvdkY wefqm AT & T eJY T-Mobile qm;ApfawGeYJ aqmif&u G v
f yk u
f ikd Ef ikd f
qif vkyfudkifvdkY&w,f/ 'gayrJhvnf; 'D Transforming USB zdkY &nf&G,fjyD; xkwfvkyfcJhwm jzpfw,f/ Symbian OS udk vnf
Flash Memory av;udk 16 ESpfatmuf uav;awG ay;roHk;rdzdkY ywfrIpepftaeeJY wifxm;ay;w,f/ 3 'or 5 vufr t&G,f
owday;csufxm;&Scd w hJ ,f/ wyfqifvyk u f ikd &f wJh ypön;f av;awG tpm; touch screen av; wyfqifxm;w,f/ qufoG,fa&;
u cRefjrwmawG&SdwJhtwGuf &SdEdkifovdk yg;pyfxJ 0ifoGm;&if pepfrmS GSM 850/900/1800/ 1900 wdYkukd toH;k jyKEdik jf yD; high-
vnf; tEÅ&m,f&v dS YkdyJ jzpfw,f/ USB 2.0 eJY USB 1.1 ESprf sK;d vH;k speed data awGtwGuf GPRS/ HSDPA wdkYudk cGifhjyKxm;
oHk;cGifhay;xm;w,f/ USB 2.0 taeeJY 480 mpbs EIef;xm;eJY ay;w,f/ aw;*DwoDcsif;awGudkvnf; xnfhoGif;jyD; aomw
vTJajymif;vkyfudkifEdkifovdk USB 1.1 twGuf 12 mpbs eJY vTJ tm½Hk cHpm;cGi&fh w
dS ,f/ Web browser yg&Sjd yD; tifwmeufvyk if ef;
ajymif;,lEikd wf ,f/ 0ifqrhH yI rmPu pOfawG vkyfudkifEdkifw,f/ Bluetooth pepfvnf; oHk;cGifhay;xm;
2GB jzpfw,f/ Windows 98/ w,f/ 5MP uifr&mav; wyfqifyg&Sdvmw,f/ 3.5 mm
Me/ 2000/ XP/ Vista, Mac headphone jack vnf; yg&Sdw,f/ yg&SdvmwJh QWERTY uD;
vnfywf aqmif&GufaewJh bk w f a v;u tvG e f
uGeyf sLwmawGeYJ vdu
k af vsmnD aumif;w,f/ Symbian
axG toHk;csEdkifw,f/ wpfck S60 processer udk oHk;
vHk;&JU tav;csdefyrmPu 0 xm;wJhtwGuf aES;auG;
'or 84 aygif av;w,f/ rIawmh&w dS ,f/ owfrw S f
a&mif ; csaps;u 599
a':vm jzpfw,f/

Samsung WB5000 Camera


Samsung ukrP
Ü t
D aeeJY DSLR trsKd;tpm; uifr&m aps;
Fujitsu 3D Digital Camera
uGuftwGuf aps;EIef;csKdcsKdomomeJY t&nftaoG;aumif;wJh "mwfyakH vmuudk urÇmeJYt0Sr;f digital camera awGeYJ rdwf
"mwfyHkawG ½dkuful;EdkifapvdkwJhqE´eJY xkwfvkyfcJhwm jzpfw,f/ qufay;&if; ay;&if;eJY tHrh cef;avmufwhJ tusKd;qufawG &cJMh u
'gayrJh WB5000 &JU twdtus aps;EIe;f oufrw S cf suf rjyK&ao; &w,f/ 'Dvdk digital camera awGxJrSm ydkjyD; pdwf0ifpm; apzdkY
ay/ ½kyfao"mwfyHkawGudk 12.5 megapixel t&nftaoG;eJY &,l Fujitsu ukrÜPDu FinePix Real 3D System vdkY trnfay;jyD;
Edik jf yD; AD', D ½kd u
kd cf suu
f kd high defination t&nftaoG;eJY &,lap 3D digital camera wpfvHk;udk a':vm 600 aps;EIef;csdwfqGJjyD;
Edkifw,f/ Manual control awG tjynfhygw,f/ Face detec- csay;vdkufw,f/ rSefbDvl;ESpfvHk;udk different angular view
tion oHk;Edkifw,f/ RAW formatted image awGudkvnf; yHhydk; eJY zrf;,lapwJhtwGuf image wpfckxJrSm ½dkufcsufESpfcsuf wpf
aqmif&GufEdkifw,f/ txl; jydKif euf 0ifomG ;apw,f/ "mwfytkH &nftaoG;udk 10 megapixel
jcm;qH;k uawmh 24 x zoom t&nftaoG;eJY &,lEikd w f ,f/ "mwfy½kH ukd rf ,fh ½du
k f uGi;f udv
k nf;
wpfck yg&SdwmyJ jzpfw,f/ rsufvHk;ESpfzufeJY csdefwG,f
DSLR trsK;d tpm; jzpfayrJh EdkifapzdkYpDpOfxm;ay;w,f/
oyfoyf&yf&yf? i,fi,f avmavmq,f *syefaps;
&G,f&G,f? ayghayghyg;yg; uGufrSmom&SdaejyD; rMumrD
'D Z d k i f ; eJ Y jyKvk y f x m;ay; tar&duefeJY Oa&myaps;
w,f/ uGuf qufvufrdwfquf
oGm;rSm jzpfw,f/

34 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
NEW PRODUCT

HP w2558 hc monitor Lenovo ThinkPad T400S Notebook


25 'or 5 vufr t&G,ftpm;&SdjyD; native resolution oGm;oGm;vmvm vIyf&Sm;vkyfudkifaeMu&wJh pD;yGm;a&;
1920 x 1200 pixels &&Sw d hJ LCD armfew
D m trsK;d tpm;opfwpfck vkyfief;orm;awGtwGuf &nfpl;jyD; xkwfvkyfcJhwJh notebook
jzpf w ,f / Landscape/Portrait Pivot rygwJ h t wG u f jzpfw,f/ Intel Core2 Duo SP 9600 (2.5 GHz) processor
axmifvdkuf? tvsm;vdkuf ajymif;csxm;vdkYawmh r&ay/ 1080p wyfxm;jyD; Windows Vista Business (32 bit) eJY vnfywfrI
video formats txd cGifhjyKxm;wJhtwGuf HD t&nftaoG; pepfudk wifxm; a&mif;csay;w,f/ System memory 3GB
&&Sdw,f/ Wide screen obm0udk 16:10 aspect ratio eJY vkyf DDR3 SDRAM eJY Intel Graphics Media Accelerator X
udik af y;w,f/ armfew
D mrSm multi-format memory card reader 4500 HD wdkY yg&Sdvmw,f/ 14 vufrt&G,f WXGA-TFT
wpfck? HDMI ports ESpfck? USB hub wpfckeJY webcam wpfck udk LED Backlight eJYyg&SdwJh display udk oHk;xm;w,f/ Stor-
wdkYudk built-in wyfqifyg&Sdw,f/ DVI input udkvnf; cGifhjyK age twGuf 250GB SATA HDD udkay;xm;jyD; optical tae
ay;xm;w,f/ AD'D,dk eJY Dual Layer Multiburner Drive wyfay;xm;
wnf;jzwfolawGeJY *drf; w,f/ 6 cells Li-ion battery
upm;olawGtwGuf ESpf yg&SdwJhtwGuf bufx&Dtm;
oufp&m taumif;qHk; eJY Mum&Snf toH;k cHapw,f/
armfew
D mjzpfaeapw,f/ owf r S w f a &mif ; aps;u
owfrSwf a&mif;csaps; 2ç349 a':vm jzpf
u 549 a':vmjzpf w,f/
w,f/

LG Crystal GD900
azmufxGif;jrifEdkifwJh touch sensitive keypad wyfqif Videophiles (video watch)
xm;wJhtwGuf aps;uGufxJrSm&SdaejyD; vufudkifzkef;awGxuf Gadget awGu wpfckeJYwpfck aygif;pyfvmwJh taetxm;
xl;jcm;aeapygw,f/ Crystal av;vdk vSyjyD; azmufxiG ;f jrifEikd f awG awGUjrifvm&csdefrSm video watch av; ay:xGufvmwm
wJh twGuf LG u Crystal GD 900 vdYk yJ armf',ftrnfukd oH;k jzpfw,f/ stainless steel udk,fxnfeJY wnfaqmufxm;w,f/
pGcJ w
hJ ,f/ aemuf xl;jcm;csufwpfcu k awmh 8 megapixel t&nf 1 'or 8 vufrt&G,f TFT LCD av;eJYtwl built-in
taoG;&SdwJh uifr&m wyfqifyg&Sdvmwmjzpfw,f/ Div X eJY speaker vnf; wyfqifxm;&Sdw,f/ Video Format twGuf
Xvid content awGudk yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;Edkifw,f/ w,fvDzkef; MTV jzpfayrJh conversion format awGtaeeJY AVI/ MP4/
xJrmS built-in 1.5 GB memory xnfah y;xm;wJt h jyif SDHC WMV/ ASF/ MPG/ MPEG/DAT/ RM/ MOV wdkYudk cGihfjyK
cards udk 32GB yrmPtxd xm;w,f/ 160 x 128 resolution udk 20 fps EIe;f xm;eJY MunfEh ikd f
oHk;cGifh jyKxm;w,f/ oHk; w,f/ Music format awGtaeeJY MP3/ WMA/ WAV wdkYudk
vuf r t&G , f display u cGihfjyKxm;ay;w,f/ Digital
Munfvif jywfom; awmufy Time Display eJY em&Dudk
pGm jrifawGUEdkifw,f/ Touch oHk;cGifh &Sdw,f/ built-in
Sensitive udkvnf; odem; MIC vnf ; yg&S d w ,f /
vnfay;w,f/ TV-Out yg&Sd Recording Format u
wJhtwGuf jrifuGif;MuD;MuD;eJY WAV jzpfw,f/ USB 2.0
qufo, G f Munf½h cI iG fh &Sw
d ,f/ qufoG,frIeJY file awGudk
owfrSwfa&mif;aps;u 599 tvTt
J ajymif;vkyEf ikd w
f ,f/
a':vm jzpfw,f/ Rechargeable Li-ion
battery wyfxm;w,f/

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 35
NEW PRODUCT

Samsung DualView TL220 Camera Dexx USB Flash Drive


rMumrD aps;uGufudk a&muf&Sdvmr,fh 12.2 megapixel cJwHwdkY? abmyifwdkY pm;yGJay: jyefYusJaewJhtcg pkjyHKxnfhzkdY
t&nftaoG;&SdwJh prwfusvSwJh uiffr&mav;wpfrsKd;jzpfw,f/ Pen Dock wpfckudk toHk;jyKMu&w,f/ 'DvdkyJ USB Flash
xl;jcm;wmuawmh uifr&m&JU aemufbufrSm oHk;vufrt&G,f Drive av;awGuv kd nf; trsm;tjym; oH;k vdw
k ,f/ jyefYusJ toH;k
LCD av;yg&SdjyD; a&SUrsufESmpmrSm 1 'or 5 vufr LCD jyK&wm tqifrajybl;qdk&if Pen Dock Station vdk oHk;Edkifr,fh
av; yg&Sw d m jzpfw,f/ rsuEf mS pmrSm&Sw d hJ LCD av; xnfah y;wJh Dexx USB Flash Drive udk oHk;Edkifw,f/ av;axmifh yHk
oabmuawmh ½dkuful;oludk,fwdkif yg0if½dkuful;wJhtcg ½dkuf oP²mef&jdS yD; USB Flash Drive av;awG tjyma&mif? t0ga&mif?
uGif;taetxm;udk odcGifh&Edkifapw,f/ Self-timer udk toHk;cs tpdrf;a&mif trSwftom;awGeJY wyfqif xnfhxm;Edkifw,f/
½du
k u
f ;l vdYk &w,f/ rsuEf mS pm LCD rSm uav;awGtwGuf jr§LvdYk ? wu,fvdkY yg&SdvmwJh av;axmifh flash drive av;awG ysufpD;
ajcmufvYkd&wJh AD',D ½kd u
kd cf suuf kd toH;k csjyD; uav;i,f&UJ rsuEf mS oGm;&ifvnf; USB hub taeeJY toHk;jyKcGifh &EdkifrSm jzpfw,f/
taetxm;udk vdo k vdk ½du k ,f El ikd cf iG hf &Sw
d ,f/ owfrw S af &mif;cswhJ avmavmq,f 'DvdkyHkpHrsKd;eJY xkwfzdkY prototype udkom xkwf
aps;u a':vm 300 jzpf vkyfjyD; jzpfw,f/
w,f/ qufvufjyD;touch- a&mif;csr,fh tpD
screen technology oH k ; tpOf e J Y tao;
TL 225 udkvnf; xkwfvkyf pdwf tnTef;awG
r,fvdkY od&w,f/ TL 220 udk Gadgets 2
uif r &muvnf ; Touch Order u xkwf
screen trsKd;tpm;jzpfw,f/ jyef aMunm jcif;
r&Sd ao;ay/

SmartSwipe
Credit card eJY toHk;jyKolawGtaeeJY online purchases
rSm vHkjcHKrItwGuf b,folrS tmrcHcsufray;EdkifwJh taetxm;
&SdaeMucsdefrSm NetSecure Technologies u Credit Card Pentax K-7 DSLR Camera
orm;awGtwGuf SmartSwipe qdkwJh ud&d,mav;udk xkwfay;
vdkufw,f/ Online Payment twGuf Card number awGudk DSLR uifr&mxJu aemufqHk;ay:rsm; &Edkifrvm;vdkY
½dkufoGif;ay;&r,fhtpm; udk,fwdkif card udk Swipe vkyfjyD; ay; &SmazGwJhtcg Pentax K-7 u taumif;qHk;ygvdkY xdk;rjyEdkifayrJh
Nikon eJY Canon wdkY&JU aemufqHk;xkwf DSLR uifr&mawGeJY
acsEdkifcGifh &oGm;apw,f/ SmartSwipe udk personal credit
card reader vdYk qdE k ikd yf gvdrrhf ,f/ SmartSwipe eJYtwl aqmhz0f J ,SOfEdkifwJhtqifh jzpfw,f/ zvifacwfuwnf;u Nikon/
Canon/ Pentax qdw k mawGu xdyw
f ef;ae&mrSm olYxufig ae&m
yg&SdvmjyD; vkyfief;pOf tqifhqifhtwGufvnf; online pur-
chase wizard eJYtwl jyay;w,f/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;u 99
OD;cJhMuolawG jzpfw,f/ Pentax K-7 u semi-pro tqifhyJ &Sd
'or 9 a':vm jzpfw,f/ avmavmq,f tar&duefaps;uGuf ygw,f/ 'gayrJh 14.6 megapixel sensor wyfqifyg&Sv d mw,f/
rSm a&mif;csaejyD jzpfw,f/ udk,fxnfoufoufyif a':vm 1ç300 eJY owfrSwfa&mif;csrSm
jzpfw,f/ high-definiter movie capture mode ygw,f/
tvif;a&mif rSdefrSdefav;awGMum;rSm "mwfyHk½dkufcsufudkjzpfjzpf?
AD'D,dk½dkufcsufudkjzpf
jzpf t&nf t aoG ;
aumif;aumif;eJY &,l
Edkifw,f/ Autofo-
cus udkvnf; toHk;
jyKEdkifw,f/

36 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
NEW PRODUCT

Shake-A-Pix digital frame SanDisk Sansa Clip + MP3 player


Sondata ukrÜPDu xkwfvkyfwJh motion sensing port- Flash memory cards qd&
k ifawmh SanDisk u ay:jyLvm
able digital frame jzpfw,f/ "mwfyakH wGukd browser vkyw
f t
hJ cg tjzpfqHk;qdkwmudk txl; qdknTef;p&mrvdkay/ a':vm 100
wpfcsuv f yI w
f meJY wpfyakH jymif;oGm;apwJyh pkH eH YJ vkyu
f ikd af y;w,f/ atmuf wefzdk;owfrSwfwJh emrnfMuD; MP3 player awGxJrSm
'Dvdk vkyfudkif aqmif&GufEdkifapzdkY built-in motion sunsor av; txif&Sm;qHk;jzpfvmapygvdrhfr,f/ Sansa Clip + u SanDisk
wpfck wyfqifxm;ay;w,f/ Photo frame &JUt&G,ftpm;u slotMusic eJY slotRadio card awGeJY vdkufavsmnDaxG toHk;
6 pifwrD wD m _ 9 pifwrD w D m _0 'or 6 pifwrD w D m &Sw d ,f/ jyKEdkifwJhtjyif udk,fydkif microSD cord eJYvnf; Music awGudk
2 'or 4 vufrt&G,f high contrast TFT display udk wyf zGifhjyD; em;qifEdkifw,f/ slotRadio Card qdkwmu aw;*Dw
qifxm;&Sdw,f/ Internal memory 64 MB ay;xm;wJhtwGuf oDcsif;aygif; 1ç000 avmuf 0ifqHhjyD; Country/R&B/ Rock/
"mwfyHkaygif; 90 avmuf xnfhodrf;xm;Edkifw,f/ Credit card Oldies wdkYvdk musical style awGudk xnfhxm;jyD; 39 a':vmeJY
av;avmufyJ&SdwmrdkY tdwfxJudkxnfhjyD; oGm;av&m ,loGm;Edkif a&mif;csavh&Sdw,f/ slotMusic card qdkwmuawmh aemufqHk;
w,f/ owfrSwfa&mif;cswJhaps;uawmh 37 a':vm jzpfw,f/ ay: albums udk xnfh
oGif;xm;jyD; 15 a':
vmeJ Y a&mif ; csavh & S d
w,f/ Sensa Clip+ rSm
yg&SdwJh micro SD card
uyif 16GB &SdwmrdkY
aw;*Dw oDcsif;aygif;
4ç000 0ifqHhw,f/

2-in-1 USB Fan & Light Viewsonic Portable Pico Projector


Laptop wpfv;kH udk oGm;av&mo,fomG ;NyD; a&mufav&mrSm
PJD2121
tvkyv f yk u
f ikd w
f ,fqwkd o hJ al wGtaeeJY vQyfppfr;D r&Edik w
f ahJ e&m 2 'or 16 aygifom av;wJh portable tqifh0if pro-
jzpfjzpf? tcef;usOf;av;xJrSm jzpfjzpf tvkyfvkyfwJhtcg jector jzpfw,f/ 8 'or 1 vufr _4 'or 7 vufr _ 2
tvif;a&mifr&Sdjcif;? yltdkufjcif; uif;apzdkY USB connection 'or 6 vufr t&G,ftpm; &Sdw,f/ Viewsonic xkwfvkyfwJh
eJY toHk;jyKEdkifr,fh rD;oD;eJY yefumjzpfw,f/ yefum&Gufav;awG DLP projector awGxJrSm ti,fqHk;t&G,ftpm;jzpfw,f/
u aysmhaysmif;wJh yvwfpwpfom;eJY vkyfxm;w,f/ 360 'D*&D tvif;tm; 400 lumens &Sjd yD; 800 x 600 SVGA resolution eJY
vS n f h y wf xm;&S d v d k Y &w,f / Light direction ud k v nf ; wifquf jyoay;Edkifw,f/ PJD2121 av;u Texas Instru-
vdktyfovdk jyKjyifxm;&SdEdkifw,f/ tav;csdefuawmh 60 *&rfyJ ments BrillantColor technology eJY vkyaf qmifxm;wJt h wGuf
av;ygw,f/ rD;oD;av;u LED trsKd;tpm;jzpfw,f/ tvG,f t&nftaoG;jrifhrm;pGm&&SdapjyD; contrast ratio 1800 : 1 udk yHh
wul wyfqiftoHk;jyKEdkifapw,f/ Laptop twGuf r&Sdrjzpf yd;k aqmif&u
G af y;w,f/ tvif;a&mifrsm;wJh tcef;rsK;d rSmyif wifjy
accessory wpfckvnf;jzpfvmEdkifw,f/ owfrSwf a&mif;cswJh jyovdkwJhyHk&dyfawGudk uGJuGJjym;jym; yDyDjyifjyif ½IjrifcHpm;cGifh&ap
aps;u udk;a':vm w,f/ av;aytuGmta0;avmufu xdk;jy&ifyif vufr 60
yJjzpfygw,f/ yef t&G,ftpm; image awGudk jyoay;Edkifw,f/ Off To Go pepf
umtwGu?f tvif; yg0ifwJhtwGuf csufcsif; yg0gavQmhcs,lEdkifw,f/ owfrSwf
a&miftwGuf wpf a&mif;aps;u 449 a':vm jzpfw,f/
rsKd;pD oHk;Ekdifovdk
ESpfrsKd;vHk; wpfjydKif
eufvnf; aygif;oH;k
Edkifw,f/

38 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
NEW PRODUCT

NEW PRODUCT IN YANGON


Acer F900 Smartphone MSI U200 Netbook
Web udk tdwx
f rJ mS xnfx
h m;r,fqw kd hJ qd½k ;kd pum;udk ajym
EdkifzdkY Acer u Smartphone F900 udk xkwfvkyf a&mif;csvm Netbook trsm;pku Intel Atom processor udk toHk;jyK
w,f/ 533 MHz Processor wyfqifyg&SdvmjyD; Windows MuayrJh U 200 uawmh Intel Penrym SFF ULV processor
Mobile 6.1 udk toifh wifxm;ay;w,f/ 3 'or 8 vufr udk toH;k jyKcGiahf y;vdu
k w
f t
hJ wGuf Intel Centrino &JUtcGit hf vrf;
t&G,f WVGA TFT LCD touchscreen (800 x 480) udk wyf awGeJY toHk;jyKcGifh&aprSm jzpfw,f/ aemufwpfcku 12 vufr
qifxm;w,f/ HSDPA/ HSUPA/ GSM/ EDGE pwJh quf t&G,ftpm;&SdwJh (1366 x 768) HD t&nftaoG;&SdwJh display
oG,fa&;pepfawGudk toHk;csEdkifw,f/ Network connection wyfqifyg&Sv d mw,f/ 2GB DDR2 memory wyfqifay;w,f/
udk cGijhf yKxm;ay;wJt
h jyif Bluetooth 2.0 pepfuv kd nf; toH;k jyK built-in microphone/ speaker/ webcam wdkY toifhyg&Sdvm
cGifh&rSm jzpfw,f/ GPS pepfudk toHk;csEdkifjyD; WLAN 802.11 w,f/ 4-in-1 card reader vnf; ygw,f/ odkrSD;pepfwGif 250
b/g udkvnf; toifhoHk;Edkifapw,f/ 3.2 SASA hard drive wyfqifxm;ay;w,f/ qufoG,fa&;pepf
Megapixel auto focus CMOS uifr&mav; twGuf 10/ 100/ 1000 LAN tjyif 802.11 b/g/n wdkYudk oHk;
wyf q if y g&S d v mw,f / Rechangable Edkifw,f/ bufx&DtwGuf 3 cell/6 cell qdkjyD; taetxm;
Lithium Polymer bufx&Dukd xnfah y;xm; ESpfrsKd;eJY a&G;cs,f &,lEdkif
w,f/ wpfqufwnf; pum;ajymcsdef 6 em&D w,f/ «&efukefjrdKU uGefysL
Mumtxd &&SdEdkifw,f/ «tvdk&Sdygu a&Tvrif; wm ta&mif;qdkifwdkif;
e*g; ta&mif;qdkifrSm 0,f,l&&SdEdkifygw,f/» twGuf Royal Smart u
jzefYcsdxm;jyD; jzpfw,f/»

Infocus Projector X16


INFOCUS trSww f qH yd u
f tar&duefEikd if aH ps;uGurf mS vl Toshiba LCD Projector TLP-XE30
odrsm;cJhw,f/ Infocus u DLP (Digital Lamp Power) enf; Toshiba TLP-XE30 projector av;rSm LCD technol-
ynmoH;k xm;wJh projector jzpfw,f/ Resolution (800 x 600) ogy udk toHk;csxm;w,f/ rD;tvif;tm; 3000 amsi Lumens
SVGA yHkxGuftm;eJY Munfh½IEdkifw,f/ rD;tvif;tm;u 2400 &&Sdapw,f/ Contrast ratio u 600:1 jzpfw,f/ Resolution
ANSI Lumens &Sdw,f/ Projector eJY screen tMum; 1 'or 1024 x 768 x GA t&nftaoG;eJY jyoay;Edkifw,f/ Projec-
5 rDwmuae 6 rDwmtuGmta0;txd xm;oHk;Edkifw,f/ Con- tion tuGmta0; 1 'or 15 rDwmuae 11 'or 29 rDwm
trast ratio 2000:1 &SdjyD; Zoom ratiom X 1.1 &Sdw,f/ tuGm txdom oHk;EdkifjyD; yHk&dyft&G,ftpm; vufr 40 uae vufr
ta0;eJY yHk&dyftus,ftwGuf Throw ratio u 1.9-2.1 &SdwJh 300 txd t&nftaoG;tjynfht0eJY Munfh½IcGifh&apw,f/ xl;
twGuf projector udk screen eJY teD;uyfxm;oHk;vdkY &w,f/ xl;jcm;jcm; NCES3 (natural colour enhancer) qdw k hJ qef;opf
Built-in 5W pyDumav;wpfckvnf; yg&Sdw,f/ Infocus Lite feature yg&Svd mwJth wGuf obm0t&nftaoG;eJY awGUjrifcpH m;
Show 11 Wireless adapter Edik w
f ,f/ Built-in 1W pyDumav;yg&Sw d ,f/ rD;oD;&JU oufwrf;
wyfqif toHk;jyK&if MudK;rJh u standard resolution eJY toHk;jyK&if em&Daygif; 3500 txd
pepfeJY toHk;csEdkifw,f/ rD; oH;k vdYk &w,f/ «tvd&k ydS gu Lucky Bird ta&mif;qdik rf mS 0,f,l
oD;oufwrf;udk standard &&SdEdkifygw,f/»
resolution eJ Y o H k ; &if em&D
aygif; 3500 txd oHk;Edkif
w,f/ «tvdk&Sdygu Lucky
Bird ta&mif;qdkifrSm 0,f,l
&&SdEdkifw,f/»

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 39
NEW PRODUCT

Acer Aspire 473 Gz Notebook Lenovo U330 IdeaPad Notebook


Intel Pentium Dual Core T4300 (2.1 GHz) processor aps;EIef;csKdomjyD; pGrf;aqmif&nf jrihfjrihfrm;rm; &Sdw,f/
wyfqifxm;w,f/ 14 vufr t&G,ftpm;&SdwJh Acer Cive tav;csdefu 1 'or 95 uDvdkomav;jyD; yg;yg;vsvsudk,f
Crystal LED LCD udk HD t&nftaoG;eJY &&Sdapw,f/ 1GB xnfeJY wnfaqmufxm;w,f/ IdeaPad vdkY trnfay;xm;wJh
DDR3 eJY Intel GMA 4500 MHD wdkY wyfqifxm;jyD; stor- twdkif; pwdkifusus vSvSyyeJY rD'D,mvkyfief;awGudk toHk;csEdkif
age twGuf 250 GB hard drive wyfxm;ay;w,f/ Optical rSm jzpfw,f/ Intel Core2 Duo T6600 (2.2 GHz) processor
taeeJY DVD super multi Dual layer drive yg&Sdw,f/ wyfqifxm;jyD; 2GB DDR3 memory eJY ATI Mobility
qufoG,fa&;twGuf Nplify 802.11 b/g n WLAN eJY 56k Radoen HD 345 (256 MB) VRAM udk wGz J ufay;xm;w,f/
moden wdkYudk toHk;jyKapw,f/ Bluetooth pepfudkvnf; odrk ;DS pepftwGuf 320 GB SATA harddrive eJY optical twGuf
cGijhf yKxm;ay;w,f/ HDMI qufo, G rf I cGijhf yKxm;ay;wJt h wGuf DVD Super Multi (Dual Layer) yg&Sv d mw,f/ vHjk cHKa&;pepf
MuD;rm;wJh display awGeYJ HD t&omjynfh cHpm;cGi&hf Edik af pw,f/ twGuf VeriFace qdw k hJ Face Recognition aqmhz0f J toifxh nfh
Display abmifay:rS Crystal Eye3 xm;ay;w,f/ OneKey Resource System ygwJt h wGuf rawmf
webcam wpfckwyfay;xm;w,f/ Bio wq data aysmufqHk;oGm;&if csufcsif;jyef&SmjyD; &,lEdkifw,f/
-Protection Finger Print vHkjcHKa&; 13 vufrt&G,f WXGA LED display wyfqifxm; wJt h wGuf
pepf xnfhay;xm;w,f/ 6 cell yg0gpm; oufomw,f/ rawmfwq vGwfusoGm;&if xdcdkufrI
bufx&Do;kH xm;w,f/ «&efuek f r&SdapzdkY APS (Active Protection System) wyfqifay;xm;
jrdKU uGefysLwmta&mif;qdkifawG w,f/ Webcam/Dolby speaker system/ 6-in-1 card reader
twGuf a&Tvrif;e*g;u jzefYcsd wdkYvnf;yg&Sdw,f/ 6 cell bufx&D wyfqifxm;jyD; Lenovo
xm;jyD; jzpfw,f/» &JU energy management system awGyg&Sdwm aMumifh vQyfppf
yg0gqufo, G rf rI &Sb d J tcsed Mf umMum toH;k
Lenovo G450 Notebook jyKEdkifwJh wireless LAN tjyif
aps;EIef;csKdomjyD; performance aumif;aumif; &,lvdkol Bluetooth pepfuv kd nf; oH;k cGifh
awGtwGuf oGm;oGm;vmvm o,f,loGm;Edkifr,fh Lenovo G &Sdw,f/ «tvdk&Sdygu Lucky
450 notebook av; jzpfw,f/ Intel Pentium T4300 proc- Bird ta&mif;qdi k rf mS 0,f,l &&Sd
essor wyfqifxm;w,f/ System memory twGuf 1GB Edkifw,f/»
DDR3 SDRAM wyfqifxm;jyD; *&yfzpftwGuf Intel GMA
x 4500 eJY wGJzuf toHk;jyKapw,f/ 14 'or 1 vufr t&G,f
tpm; WX GA LED display wyfqifxm;w,f/ odkrSD;pepf Casing topfrsm;
twGuf 160 GB SATA HDD yg&SdjyD; rD'D,mtwGuf Dual
Layer Multiburner (DVD-RW) drive udk wyfqifay;xm; 'Sparks' casing topfrsm; T-zone uGefysLwmqdkifrSm
w,f/ Lenovo &JU technology awGjzpfwJh Veriface qdkwJh a&muf&dSaeaMumif; od&ygw,f/ USB port ESpfckeJY audio in/
face recognition eJY Onni Key Rescue system wdkYudk oHk;cGifh out rsm; yg&dSjyD; 450W power supply wyfqifxm;ygw,f/
ay;xm;w,f/ 6 cell battery xnfhxm;ay;wJhtwGuf MumMum ATX P4 20+4 pin eJY SATA power yg&dSygw,f/ Casing eJY
toHk;cHw,f/ c&D;oGm;&if; toHk;jyK&mrSm toHk;0ifapr,fh quf power supply wGJvsufrsm;udk aps;uGufrSm usyfoHk;aomif;
oG,fa&;pepfawGudk xnfhay;xm;wJh 0ef;usifeJY a&mif;aeygw,f/ tqdkyg Casing rsm;udk T-zone
tjyif Bluetooth pepfudkvnf; oHk;cGihf (Myanmar Tech-
&Edkifw,f/ Webcam/speakers/ card nology Zone) uGef
reader wdkYvnf; built-in yg&Sdw,f/ ysLwmta&mif;qdkif
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ternet security suites jref; 0,f ,l Edkif
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40 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb
dk m
NEW PRODUCT

MSI P43T-C51 Motherboard Lenovo C300 All-In-One PC


Intel P 43 chipset udk toHk;jyKxm;jyD; FSB 800/ 1066/ EdkifiHwumaps;uGufrSm 2009 ckESpftwGif; wmtpm;qHk;
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essor tm;vHk;twGuf LGA 775 package eJY toHk;jyK cGifhay; twdkif; Intel Atom 330 processor udk wyfqifxm;w,f/
xm;w,f/ System memory taeeJY 4 DIMM yg&SdjyD; DDR2 System Memory twGuf 2GB DDR2 RAM udk ay;xm;jyD;
667/ 800/ 1066 SDRMM wdYkukd 16 GB txd wyfqif toH;k jyK *&yfzpftwGuf ATI Radeon HD 4530 (512 MB) udk ay;xm;
Edik w
f ,f/ PCI Express X16 slot wpfck PCI Express x 1 slot w,f/ vufr 20 t&G,ftpm;&SdwJh widescreen monitor &JU
ESpfck? PCI bus slot oHk;ckudk cGifhjyKxm;ay;w,f/ Intel ICH 10 tay:rSm Bright Eye camera wyfqifxm;w,f/ tvGev f yS wJh
chipset yg&SdwmaMumifh Hi-Speed USB (480 Mb/Sec) wdkY udk,fxnf'DZdkif;eJY wnfaqmufxm;wm jzpfwJhtwGuf pm;yGJay:
twGuf port 16 ck? SATA 11 port ajcmufck PCI Master eJY rSm ae&musOf;usOf;? &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;eJY pwdkifusus wifxm;
ACP 120 wdkYudkoHk;Edkifw,f/ xl;jcm;csuf uawmh APS (ac- toHk;jyKEdkifrSm jzpfw,f/ qufoG,fa&;twGuf 10/100 LAN
tive phase switching) yg&SdwJhtwGuf vQyfppfyg0g oHk;pGJrIudk eJY 802.11 b/g WLAN wdYkukd oH;k cGiahf y;xm;wJt h jyif Bluetooth
txl; oufomapEdkifyg pepfudkvnf; oHk;Edkifygao;w,f/ rD'D,mawGtwGuf vHkavmuf
w,f/ «&efukefjrdKU uGefysL wJh odrk ;DS rI&&Sad pzdYk 320 GB SATA (7200 rpm) hard drive yg&Sd
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MSI P55-GD 65 Motherboard ygu KMD ta&mif;qdkifawG
Intel Core i7 eJY i 5 CPU wdYkukd LGA 1156 socket eJYtwl rSm 0,f,l&&SdEdkifygw,f/»
wyfqiftoH;k jyKEdik rf ,fh rm;om;bkwt
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vmr,fh i5 CPU twGufyif toifh&Sdaeapr,fh 'DZdkif;jzpfw,f/ Laser Printer
Memory twGuf 16 GB txd oHk;pGJEdkifzdkY 4 DIMM yg&Sw d ,f/
Dual Channel DDR3 udk cGifhjyKxm;wmjzpfaMumif; 33/1066 Fuji Xerox ukrÜPDuxkwfwJh umvmavqmy&ifwm
MHz speed txd cGihfjyKxm;ayrJh xl;jcm;csufawGuawmh msi jzpfw,f/ Document C1100 eJY C1100B qdjk yD; armf',fEpS rf sK;d eJY
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clocker tjzpf &yfwnfEdkifw,f/ Super Pipe wyfqifxm;wm twGuf 12 rsufESm xkwfay;Edkifw,f/ 333 MHz processor
aMumifh orm;½dk;us rm;om;bkwfawGxuf 50 'D*&D pifwD*&dwf eJY 128 MB RAM wdkYudk wyfqifxm;w,f/ Print resolution
tylcsdefavsmhenf; usqif;apEdkifw,f/ 600 x 600 dpi udk tjynfx h wk af y;jyD; 9600 x 600 dpi udv k nf;
Xtreme Speed udk vdk jr§ifhwif aqmif&GufcGifh ay;xm;
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dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 41
NEW PRODUCT

ASUS P5P41D motherboard ASUS P5Q SE PLUS motherboard


Intel G41 eJY ICH7 chipset udk tajccHxm;jyD; LGA 775 Intel P45 eJY ICH10 chipset udk tajccHxm;jyD; LGA
socket yHkpHeJY Core 2 Quad/Core 2 Extreme/Core 2 Duo/ 775 socket yHkpHeJY Core 2 Quad/Core 2 Extreme/Core 2
Pentium D/Celeron processors awG wyfqifoHk;Edkifygw,f/ Duo/Pentium D/Celeron processors awG wyfqifoHk;Edkifyg
Memory udk Dual-Channel taeeJY DDR2 (1066 O.C/800/ w,f/ Memory udk Dual-Channel taeeJY DDR2 (1200
667) rsm;udk 8GB txd wyfqifEi kd yf gw,f/ FSB taeeJY 1333/ O.C/1066/800/667) rsm;udk 16GB txd wyfqifEdkifygw,f/
1066/800MHz &djS yD; expansion slot taejzifh PCIe x16 wpfc?k FSB taeeJY 1600/1333/1066/800MHz &djS yD; expansion slot
PCI x1 ESpfckeJY PCI oHk;ckwdkY yg0ifygw,f/ Overclock vkyfzdkY taejzifh PCIe x16 wpfck? PCI x1 ESpfckeJY PCI oHk;ckwdkY yg0if
ay;xm;wJh ASUS Turbo Key? pGrf;tifawG acRwmay;r,fh ygw,f/ ASUS 8-Phase Power Design eJY pGr;f tifawG acRwm
ASUS EPU-4 Engine? tifwmeufudk ig;puúefYtwGif; 0if ay;r,fh ASUS EPU-4 Engine? tifwmeufukd ig;puúeYftwGi;f
a&mufEikd w
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ESpf tmrcH ay;xm;ygw,f/ uGeyf sLwm aumif;wJh solid capacitor awGudk
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socket yHkpHeJY Core 2 Quad/Core 2 Extreme/Core 2 Duo/ ASUS P5QPL-AM motherboard
Celeron processor awG wyfqifoHk;Edkifygw,f/ Memory
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4GB txd wyfqifEi kd yf gw,f/ FSB taeeJY 1600 (O.C)/1333/ socket yHkpHeJY Core 2 Quad/Core 2 Extreme/Core 2 Duo/
1066/800/533MHz &djS yD; expansion slot taejzifh PCIe x16 Pentium D/Celeron processors awG wyfqifoHk;Edkifygw,f/
wpfck? PCI x1 wpfckeJY PCI ESpfckwdkY yg0ifygw,f/ Audio u Memory udk Dual-Channel taeeJY DDR2 (1066 O.C/800/
6-Channel HD audio jzpfygw,f/ yg0gcvkwfudk EdSyfjyD; 667) rsm;udk 8GB txd wyfqifEi kd yf gw,f/ FSB taeeJY 1333/
overclock vkyfEdkifwJh ASUS Turbo Key? pGrf;tifawG acRwm 1066/800MHz &djS yD; expansion slot taejzifh PCIe x16 wpfc?k
ay;r,fh ASUS EPU, ASUS Crash BIOS 3, EZ Flash 2, Q PCI x1 wpfckeJY PCI ESpfckwdkY yg0ifygw,f/ Overclock vkyfzdkY
Fan pwJh ASUS &JU enf;ynmrsm;eJY yhHydk;xm;ygw,f/ ESpfESpf ay;xm;wJh ASUS Turbo Key, ASUS Q Fan, Crash BIOS
tmrcHay;xm;ygw,f/ uGeyf sLwm 3, EZ-Flash 2 pwJh ASUS &JU enf;ynmrsm;eJY yhHydk;xm;ovdk
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Technologies zkef;? 210943 odkY ay;xm;ygw,f/ uGeyf sLwmqdik t f rsm;
qufoG,f ar;jref;Edkifyg pkrSm 0,f,lEdkifjyD; tao;pdwf
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44 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
NEW PRODUCT

BenQ L1020 Camera


BenQ rS xkwfvkyfxm;aom L1020 camera uSharp Lens ukd
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LCD t&G,ftpm;u 2 'or 7 vufr&SdwJhtwGuf jrifuGif;aumif;rGefap
wJh uifr&m jzpfygw,f/ Zoom qGJtm;u 3x zoom jzpfygw,f/ Red
eye remover yg0ifvdkY "mwfyHk½kdufwJhtcg rsufvHk;rSm teDpufjzpfay:jcif;
ukdvnf; umuG,fay;ygw,f/ AF Assist Lamp pepf yg0ifwmaMumifh
tvif;a&mifenf;aomae&mrsm;wGif Munfvifjywfom;aom focus &&S&d ef
ulnDay;Ekdifygw,f/ Battery u Li-ion battery ukdtoHk;jyKygw,f/ 8x External DVD-RW Slim
Video recording, voice recording rsm;tjyif shooting mood (16)
rsdK;eJY zGJUpnf;xm;wJh uifr&mjzpfjyD; ½Hk;oHk;? ausmif;oHk;? vkyfief;oHk;eJY Netbook rsm;twGuf txl; oifhawmfr,fh
rdom;pkoHk; uifr&mtjzpf aps;EIef;oifhwifhpGm xkwfvkyfxm;ygw,f/ Liteon wHqdyf External Slim DVD-Writer rsm;
tmrcHcsuftaeeJY w&m;0if warranty parts eJY service wpfESpfay;xm; aps;uGufodkY a&mufvmygw,f/ ¤if; drive onf
ygw,f/ tvkd&Sdygu T- plug & play jzpfjyD; High Speed USB 2.0 interface
Zone? jrefrmhtvS (Cen- udk oHk;ygw,f/ Buffer size u 2MB jzpfjyD; data
tral Tower) ? Cyber- transfer rate rsm;rSm CD-ROM, CD-RW 24x ?
space (awmif B uD ; ) eJ Y DVD-ROM, DVD-RW 8x ? Dual Layer DVD-
NTG (rEÅav;) wdkYrSm RW 6x eJY DVD-RAM 8x speed wdkYjzpfygw,f/
0,f,l &&SdEkdifygw,f/ Access time taejzifh CD (110ms) eJY DVD
(130ms) jzpfygw,f/ Media Load Type rSm tray
trsKd;tpm;jzpfygw,f/ ¤if; external drive onf
Windows 2000/XP/Vista, ASUS Eee PC 700,
900, 1000 series, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4,
ECS motherboard
Suse Linux 10.0, Fedora 4, Debian GNU, Linux
Intel &JU G31+ICH7 chipset udk tajccHjyD; xkwfvkyfxm;wJh ECS 3.1, Ubuntu 5.10, Linspire 6.0X pwJh OS rsm; udk
G31-M7 motherboard rsm;rSm LGA775 Socket yHkpHeJY Core 2 Quad/ support vkyfay;Edkifygw,f/ xdkYtjyif external
Core 2 Exterme/Core 2 Duo/Celeron processors rsm;udk wyf drive rSm Nero Linux3 Essentials aqmhz0 fuJ v
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(800/667) rsm;udk 4GB txd wyfqiftoHk;jyKEdkifjyD; FSB taeeJY bus-powered &wJhtwGuf USb 2.0 high transfer
1600(OC)/1333/1066/800/553 MHz &&dSEdkifaMumif; od&ygw,f/ jzpfwJhtjyif external power adapter wyfqif&ef
¤if; motherboard rsm;rSm extension slot taeeJY PCIe X16 wpfck? rvdkyg/ Super All Write Feature yg0ifvdkY rnf
PCIe X1 wpfckeJY PCI wpfckwdkY yg0ifjyD; audio taeeJY 6- onfh disc format rqdk CD-R, CD+RW, DVD+R,
channel HD Audio jzpfaMumif; od&yg DVD+RW, DVD+RDL eJY DVD-RAM rsm;udk
w,f/ ¤if; motherboard rsm; read and write jyKvkyfEdkifpGrf; &dSygw,f/ Liteon &JU
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aMumif; od&ygw,f/ ay;wJh ABS Sytem yg0ifygw,f/

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wpftkyfzwfw,f/ 'Dwpfcgawmh enf;
vlwkdif;u uGefysLwmudk toHk;jyKaeygjyD/ 'DtxJrSm aemufusaeayrJh enf;avhvmwJhtqifh rSefvmw,fxifyg
uRefawmfvnf; yg0ifvmcJ&h ygw,f/ w,f/ uGefysLwmqdkwm bmvJqdkwJh
t"dyÜm,fzGifhqdkcsufav;eJY pxm;ygw,f/
'DaeY uRefawmfwdkY[m uGefysLwm r,f/ uRefawmfwdkYtoHk;jyKaewJh ypönf; uRefawmf ajymjyr,f/ uGefysLwm
awGukd wGiw f iG u
f s,uf s,Mf uD; toH;k jyKjyD; awGu uGeyf sLwmudk toH;k jyKxm;wmawG qdkwm tDvufx&GefepfeJY zefwD;xm;wJh
uGefysLwmacwfMuD;xJrSm a&mufaeyg jzpfaeygw,f/ pufqdkygawmhAsm/ 'Dpufu udef;*Pef;
w,f/ b,folrS 'DuGefysLwmqdkwJhypönf; wcsKdUvlawGu uGefysLwmudk a&Smif awGeJY oauFwawGudk ukdifwG,fay;Ekdif
MuD;eJY a&SmifvTJvdkY r&ygbl;/ wpfenf; &S m ;csif a eMuygw,f / ol w d k Y t jrif u w,f/ ajz&Si;f ay;Ekid w f ,f/ Input awGukd
r[kwf wpfenf;eJYawmh ywfoufae&yg uGefysLwmudk ukdifwG,f&if oD;jcm;ynm vufcHw,f/ odrf;qnf;ay;xm;w,f/
w,f/ xdawGUae&ygw,f/ cifAsm;wdkY? &yfwpfcu k vkd nf; wwfuRrf;zdYk vdw
k ,fvYkd ajz&Sif;ay;w,f/ aemufqHk;rSm output
uRefawmfwdkYuom rodcsif rodbJae ,lqxm;Muw,f/ wu,fawmh r[kwf tjzpfeJY xkwfay;w,f/ 'Dvkyfaqmifcsuf

46 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


kd m
uGefysLwmtufaq;

awGtm;vHk;udk ckdif;wJhtwkdif; vkyfaqmif jyD;awmh 'DvQyfppfypönf;av;awGu vku d v


f Ykd jywfawmufjywfawmufjzpfomG ;
ay;w,f/ tJ'DvdkvkyfaqmifEkdifzdkYudk pro- armfawmfum;rSm&SdwJh armfawmfum;ypönf; wmyg/ 'DrmS uReaf wmfwYkdu toH;k jyKvku d f
gram (apmapmuajymcJhwJhaqmhzf0J) u awGeJY rwlygbl;/ armfawmfum;rSmygwJh ygw,f/ 'D*P k o
f wduå kd zGi&hf ifwpf ydw&f if
xdef;csKyfay;w,f/ tJ'DawmhrS uRefawmfh gear box qky d gawmh/ olYwm0efu wpfrsK;d oknqdkjyD; owfrSwf toHk;jyKvkdufyg
rSm Input &Sdw,f? Output &Sdw,f/ ukd,f wnf;yJ xrf;aqmifEidk yf gw,f/ bD;ywfeYJ w,f/ 'Dawmh uGefysLwmu digital
cdkif;csifwJhtwkdif; vkyfaqmifay;atmif tif*sifvnfywfEIef;udk nd§ay;ygw,f/ jzpfoGm;ygw,f/ aemufqHk;pmvHk;jzpfwJh
program (aqmhzf0J) vdkw,f/ 'D pro- umjAL&ufwmqdkwJhypönf;u aveJY qDudk computer uawmh computing vkyfay;
gram udk ukd,fMudKufovdk a&;om;Ekdif tcsKd;usa&may;jyD; qvif'gxJudk xnfh vdkY ocsFmudef;*Pef;awGudk aygif;? Ekwf?
w,f/ 'gawGudk odvmw,f/ aemuf ay;ygw,f/ 'Dwm0efudkyJ tif*sifpuf ajr§muf? pm; vkyfay;ygw,f/ Logic
Input ypönf;awGu bmawGvJ/ Output vnfaewJhwpfavQmuf xrf;aqmifay;yg tydkif;rSm EdIif;,SOfa&G;cs,fay;ygw,f/
ypönf;awGu bmawGvJ/ txJrSmckdif;wJh w,f/ uGefysLwmrSmygwJh vQyfppfypönf; 'Dawmh uRefawmfwdkYawGu t½kyfawG?
tvkyfvkyfay;wJhtykdif;u bmawGvJ av;awGuawmh wm0efwpfrsKd;wnf; toHawG? pmom;awG ponfh [mawGudk
qdkwm odvmygw,f/ r[kwfbJ trsKd;rsKd;ajymif;vJ xrf;aqmif uGeyf sLwmpuf vkyaf y;Ekid af tmif oknESihf
tJ jyD;awmh aemufwpftyk f toG i f a jymif ; ay;jyD ;
zwfygw,f/ 'DpmtkyfzwfwJh uRefawmfwdkY vkdovdk
tcsderf mS uRefawmfh OD;aESmufxJ ckdif;awmhwmygyJ/ tJ'D
rSm uGefysLwmqdkwJh ypönf; rSm bit awG? byte awG
taMumif; tajccHtjzpf a&; qdw k hJ pum;vH;k awG jzpf
a&;av; odjrifvmaeygjyD/ uJ ay:vmygw,f/ okn
'DpmtkyftaMumif; ajymygr,f/ ESifh wpfawGygwJh &Spf
uGefysLwmqdkwmudk t"dyÜm,f vHk; wpfwGJudk byte vdk
zG i f h q d k c suf a y;jyD ; pxm;yg owf rSwf yg w,f/
w,f/ pm tkyf awG xJ rSm bmvdkY owfrSwf&yg
tMudKufqHk;vdkYqdk&rSm jzpfyg ovJ/ t½kyfawG? toH
w,f/ olu 'Dvdkqdkxm;w,f awG ? pmom;awG u d k
Asm/ Electronic digital com- 'DtwGaJ wGeYJ yJ oauFw
puter qd k w m trnf t jynf h jyK owfrSwfygw,f/
tpHkygyJwJh/ Electronic vdkY qdk uGefysLwmu 'gawGudk
xm;awmh vQyfppfypönf;av; yJ em;vnf y gw,f /
awGjzpfwJh transistor, capaci- oknqd&k ifvQypf pf"mwf
tor, resistor pwJh ypönf;av; udk ydwfr,f/ wpfqdk&if
awGeJY wnfaqmufxm;w,f/ zGifhay;r,f/ 'DtwGJawG
aemufqHk;rSm tJ'Dypönf;av; &JU ckdif;wJhtwkdif; vkyf
awGudk tao;qHk;jzpfatmifvkyfjyD; uni- ay;ygw,f / 'gu tD v uf x &G e f e pf ay;ygw,f/ pmawG? t½kyfawG? toHawG
croching tjzpf xkwfvkyfjyD; wyfqif tykdif;ygyJ/ udk byte toGifajymif;jyD; pufxJrSm
wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/ vQyfppfudk aemuf digital tyk d i f ; ajym&rS m ckdif;wJhtwkdif; vkyfaqmif(processing
toH;k jyKw,f/ 'Dypön;f av;awGukd semi- jzpfygw,f/ vQyfppfjzpfay:wJhae&mrSm vkyfay;w,fvdkY ac:w,fAsm) ay;jyD;
conductor awG wnfaqmufawmh aps; ESpfrsKd;&Sdygw,f/ tm;vHk;odygw,f/ AC output tjzpfeJY xkwfay;ygw,f/ tajz
EIef;oufomw,f/ Mum&SnfcHEkdifpGrf;&Sd ESifh DC ygyJ/ AC udkawmh analog vdkY uvnf; byte toGifeJYyJjzpfawmh jyefjyD;
w,f / tyl x k w f a y;wm enf ; w,f / ac:ygw,f/ vQyfppfu wpfqufwnf; toGifajymif;ay;jyD;rS screen ay:rSm ay:
(vQyfppf jzpfay:vm&if tylu jzpfay: pD;qif;vdkYjzpfygw,f/ DC udak wmh digi- vmrS uRefawmfwdkYu em;vnf&ygw,f/
vmygw,f) qdkwJh *kPfowdåawG &Sdaeyg tal vd k Y a c:ygw,f / jywf a wmuf j ywf pufuawmh oknESifh wpfyJodw,f/ em;
w,f/ awmuf pD;qif;vdkYygyJ/ ydwfvkduf? zGifh vnfw,f/ tJ'gawGudk aygif;ay;r,f/

2009 atmufw
f b
kd m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 47
uGefysLwmtufaq;

ae&ma&GUay;r,f/ 'Dvdk tqifhawG a&;om;


ay;&w,f/ Algorithm vdYkac:w,f/ Program
a&;wJhtxJrSm ygygw,f/ pufu tJ'Daqmhzf0J
&SdrS tvkyfvkyfay;ygw,f/ aqmhzf0JtrsKd;rsKd;
a&;jyD; uRefawmfwdkYu ckdif;w,f/ pufudk awmh
hardware ac:wmaygh/ 'Dawmh uRefawmfwdkY
uGefysLwmudk trsKd;rsKd;oHk;Ekdifwm[m aqmhzf0J
aMumifhyg/ aqmhzf0Jr&Sd&if pufu tvkyf rvkyf
Ekdifygbl;/
uGefysLwmqdkwm 'gygyJ/ vQyfppfynmudk
oHk;w,f/ ocsFmynmudk oHk;w,f/ 'Dynm&yf
ESpfckudk aygif;jyD; uRefawmfwdkYu jyóem&yf
awGudk wifjy? wGufcsuf? ajz&Sif;ckdif;w,f/ ol
u wGufcsufjyD; tajz&Smay;ygw,f/ uGefysL
wmu pOf;pm;ÓPf&o dS vm;/ uReaf wmfwYkdxuf
twwfynm omvGeo f vm;/ cifAsm;wdYk pOf;pm;
Munfhyg/ aMumufaep&mvnf; rvdkygbl;/
uRefawmfwYkd u ckid ;f pm;zdYk uRefawmfwYkd u zefw;D
xm;wmyg/
uJ 'Dawmh 'DaeY? 'Dtcsdeftcgudk uGef
ysLwmacwfyJac:ac:? enf;ynmacwfyJ ajym
ajym? owif ; acwf y J atmf a eatmf a eAsm
cifAsm;wdkY? uRefawmfwdkYu bmvdkY ukd,fhudk,fudk
odrif ,fwt hJ awG; awG;aerSmvJ/ uReaf wmfwYkdu
zefwD;xm;wJh ukd,fjyKorQ Ekae&r,fht&myg/
uRefawmfwdkY ckdif;wmudk ckdif;wJhtwkdif; rSefrSef
uefuef jrefjrefqefqef trdefYemcHjyD; vkyfay;
r,fhpufypönf; wpfckygyJ/ tJ wpfckawmh &Sd
w,f/ ckid ;f wwfzYdk awmh vdyk gw,f/ 'Dvq kd akd wmh
vnf; urÇmMuD;aeaysmfygw,faemf/
uRefawmfom tpykdif;u a&vkduf vGJjyD;
ravhvmwwfvYkd armyef;cJ&h w,f/ b,fupjyD;
avhvm&r,fqdkwm odoGm;&if uGefysLwmynm
u tvG,fav;yg/ Algorithm a&;ovdkyJ/
wpfqifhcsif; avhvmwwfzdkYyJ vdkygw,f/
tckawmh uRrf;aeygjyD/ cifAsm;wdkYxJrSma&m
uGeyf sLwmudk a&SmifuiG ;f aewJv h ?l aMumufaewJh
vl &Sdaeao;ovm;/ &ifqkdifvkdufyg/ csKdryg
ygbl;/ tvG,fav;yg/ 'gayrJh uGefysLwmu
vnf; oleYJ twl aezefrsm;&if pGv J rf;wwfoAs/
tJ'gawmh cifAsm;wdkY owdxm;/
OD;rsKd; (tkid w
f -D tef;wdw)f

2009 atmufw
f b
kd m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 49
News and Reviews

Management

tcsuftvufazmif;yGru
I kd pDru
H ikd w
f ,
G jf cif;
odcsifp&mawGu rsm;rSrsm; awmh xdo k Ykdazmif;yGaeaom tcsut
f vuf Information overload udk wdwu
d s
owif;tcsuftvufawGudk oif awGudk b,fvdk pDrHtoHk;csrvJqdkonfu us t"dymÜ ,f zGi&hf vQifawmh rdrd vufwpf
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acwfrmS awmh owif;tcsuftvuf oef; overload udk aocsmudkifwG,fpDrHEdkifol vsuf vdktyfonfh wu,fhtcsuftvuf
aygif;rsm;pGmu Google rSwpfqifh uvpf tzdkY tvkyfydkwGifus,fvmrnf/ tifwm u &Sm;yg;aejcif;? vdkoavmuf &SmazGr&
wpfcsufEydS vf u kd o f nfEiS hf wpfcPtwGi;f eufaMumifh pdwftaESmifht,Suf jzpf& jcif;[k qdk&rnf/
wef;pD ay:aygufvmEdik af ejyD/ odYk aomf xdk jcif;rsKd;rS umuG,fEdkifrnfom jzpfonf/ xdkodkY tcsuftvufawG w&m;vGef
wef;pD ay:vmorQawGonf rdrdtwGuf azmif;yGaejcif;aMumifh pdwfu ½Iyf? acgif;
wu,f toHk;wnfh? rwnfh? vdkcsifonfh u udkufESifh tvGefpdwfysufp&maumif;
tcsuftvuf [kwf? r[kwf qdkonfudk onf/ owdxm;oifw h m bm&So d vJ? oif
awmh &SmazGzl;olwdkif; odMuonf/ rMum bmawG cHpm;vm&EdkifovJ qdkvQif -
cPvnf; &Smcsifwmu wpfrsKd;? &SmawGU
wmu wpfrsK;d jzpfum pdwt f aESmift
h ,Suf pdwzf pd ;D aomua&mufjcif;
MuHKzl;cJhMujyDyJ/ tvk y f a wG r sm;? wif p &mpmwrf ;
Information overload odkYr[kwf twGuf vdktyfwmawG wdwdusus csuf
tcsuftvufawGu A&yG? vdkcsifwm &Sm csif; xGufrvmvdkY acgif;ylum pdwfawG
r&jcif;rsKd; uRefawmfwdkY tawmfrsm;rsm; t&rf;aomua&mufvmEdkifonf/ Goo-
MuHKzl;Muonf/ bmaMumifhrsm; þodkY gle rSm tMudrfMudrf&Smaeygvsuf jyvm
jzpf&ygoenf;/ uRefawmfwdkYonfyif &Sm orQawGu udk,ftoHk;wnfhzdkYudk wpfckck
azG rwwfívm;? keyword ½dkufonfh vdktyfaeovdk cHpm;&wm tawmfqdk;
twwfynm vdkaevdkYyJvm;/ trSefrSm onf/ Georgetown wuúodkvfrS ppf

50 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
News And Reviews

wrf; avhvmrIwpfckt& þvdk tjrJwrf;


zdpD;aomua&mufrIaMumifh oifhÓPf&nf
IQ pGr;f &nf&rSwu
f kd 10 rSwaf vmuftxd
avsmhusoGm;apaMumif; owday;xm;
onf/

tvG,fwul arhavsmhwwfjcif;
ajrmufjrm;vSpmG aom tcsut
f vuf
rsm;jyaeonfh uGefysLwm screen udk
Munfhum tm½Hkaemufjcif;u a&&SnfwGif
oifh rSwfÓPfpGrf;&nfudkyg xdyg;um
ta&;MuD;aom zkef;eHygwfrsm;? vlemrnf
rsm;? tjcm; ta&;MuD;aom tao;pdwf
tcsuftvufrsm;udkyg arhavsmhoGm;ap ovdk &SmazGrnf[v k nf; qH;k jzwfxm;& jzpfapEdkifrnfhudpaö wG a&Smif&Sm;&rnf/
wwfygonf/ rnf/ tcsuftvufawG Mum;ü tcsdefvk
- vky&f ef&odS nfh tvkyaf wGukd pepfwus vkyfae&ygvsuf chatting awG pGwf
pdwfysufvufavQmhjcif; OD;pm;ay; pDpOfwwf&rnf/ odkYrSom 0ifjcif;? tusKd;r&Sd twif;tzsif;awG
vdktyfonfhtcsuftvufu vuf tvkyfwpfckpDtwGuf oufqdkifaom vdkufzwfaejcif;? bmvkyf&rSef; rod
wpfurf;ü aysmufaeaomtcg pd;k &dryf yl ef tcsuftvufawG vdt k yfí &SmazGvykd g awmhbJ [dk[dkonfonf avQmuf0if
rIu MuD;pdk;um vdkwmjrefjref&vdkufvQif u ydkrdkxda&mufum tcsuftvufawG Munfah erdjcif;ponfwYkd ukd a&Smif&mS ;Edik f
aumif;avpGqdkjyD; pdwful;yg ,Ofvmrd udk aocsm udkifwG,fEdkifygrnf/ &ygrnf/
wwfonf/ tusK;d qufuawmh vky&f rnfh - rdrda&SU tifwmeufu csjyorQ tcsuf - vdt k yfvQifvt kd yfovdk owif; tcsuf
tvkyt f wGuf vufprowfEikd af wmhjcif;? tvufwdkif;udk cGJjcm;pdppfEdkif&rnf/ tvufawGudk wjcm;olawGESifh rQa0
tcsdefqGJ a&TUqdkif;rdjcif;? tm½HkaxGjym;um t&m&mwdkif;udk vdkufzwfEdkif rnfawmh wwf&rnf/ tcsif;csif; þtavhtx
tvkyrf wGiaf wmhjcif;wdYk MuHKawGUvm&Edik f r[kwaf y/ wpfcu k &kd mS &if; aemufwpfck rsKd; &Sdaeum wpfyg;ol vdktyfEdkifrnfh
ygonf/ uvnf ; od y f r ouf q d k i f o nf h w d k i f tcsuftvufawGudk ukd,fu rQa0Edkif
odYkjzpf&m tcsut f vuf azmif;yGru
I kd enf;enf;awmh pdwf0ifpm;p&m aumif; ygrSvnf; ud, k v f okd nfh tcsuftvuf
pDrHcefYcGJEdkifzdkYqdkvQif atmufygtcsuf onfqdkjyD; prf;w0g;0g; vdkufzwfjcif; awGudk tcuftcJr&Sd &vmEdkifzdkY tcGifh
awGudk owdjyKzdkY vdktyfygonf/ rsKd ; rjyKoif h / rqd k i f a om tcsuf tvrf; rsm;Edkifyg\/
- rdr&d mS azGaomtcsut f vufukd b,fvkd tvufwdkif;udk z,fxkwf? vdkwmudkyJ - wpfcsdefwGif wpfckom tjywf vkyf
toHk;csrvJ? bmudk &nf&G,f OD;wnf OD;wnfq;kH jzwfxm;onft h wdik ;f &SmazG aqmifwwfonfhtavhudk arG;jrLum
ovJqdkonfudk aocsmpGm uGJuGJjym; ,liif&ygrnf/ onfudprö jyD;rcsif; aemufwpfck quf
jym; odjrif&rnf/ þ OD;wnf &nfrSef; - tifwmeufü tcsdefukefjyD; tusKd;r&Sd vkyf&ef tm½Hkrjym;zdkYvdkonf/
tcsuftvufawG azmif;yGaerI in-
formation overload udk pDrHwwfjcif;
onf þrQESifhrjyD;ao;yg/ uGefysLwm
screen rSm wufvmaom vdktyfonfh
ta&;MuD; tcsuftvufawGudk aocsm
tm½Hpk u kd rf w
S rf Ed ikd af om &Tiv f ef;onfph wd ?f
xufjrufaomrSwÓ f PfrsKd; avhusifxh m;
zdkYvnf; txdkuftavsmuf vdktyfonf/
pnf;csufrSefrSef? om,mjidrfhanmif;
aom aw;oDcsif;oHonf cE¨mudk,fudk

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 51
News and Reviews

oufaomifhoufom jzpfapjcif;? tm½Hkudk


vef ; qef ; apjcif ; paom ok a woe
taxmuftxm;&Sdonfh tusKd;jyKrIrsm; &Sd
jcif;aMumifh xdEk pS o f ufz,
G f aw;*DwrsK;d udk
em;qifcHpm;Munfhoifhonf/
vdktyfwmawG vQyfwpfjyuf rSwfrd
EdkifzdkY? rsm;rsm; rSwfom;EdkifzdkYqdkvQif pm
tjrefzwfEdkifonfh tavhtxrsKd; avh
usizfh Ykdvo kd nf/ omrefvw l pfa,mufonf
wpfrdepfvQif pmvHk;a& 200 rS 250 txd
zwfEikd o f nf/ ukvor*¾\ ppfwrf;xkwf
csuf t&qdkvQif pmwwfaywwf vlwpf
a,mufonf wpfred pf pmvH;k a& 400 zwf
EdkifpGrf; &Sdonf/
wu,fawmh pmudk jrefjrefzwfEdkif
pGrf;&Sdav? tcsuftvufawG ydkrdk pk
aqmif;Edkifavjzpfum vdktyfonfudk jref
jref qGJxkwf&,lEdkifygonf/ pmzwfaES;
jcif;udk ppfwrf;aumuf? taMumif;&if; - pmudk wpfvHk;csif; r[kwfbJ pmpk jrefjrefzwfEdkifonf[k ,HkMunfxm;
&SmazGrIt& vlwdkY pmzwfaES;&jcif;onf tvdkuf zwfjcif;? jcif;?
(1) pmudk wpfvHk;csif; zwfaomaMumifh - wwfEdkiforQ toHxGuf rzwfrdatmif - udk,fpdwfyifyef;? idkufrsOf;csdefwdkYwGif
(2) zwfae&if; yg;pyfu toHwdk;wdk; *½kjyKjcif;? tcsut f vufawG azG&mS zwf½zI Ykd rMudK;
vdkuf&Gwfaejcif;aMumifh? (3) zwfjyD;aom - zwfjyD;onfukd jyef jyefrzwfbJ jrefjref pm;bJ oefY&iS ;f aom tvkypf m;yG?J Munf
pmaMumif;udk jyef jyefzwfaejcif;aMumif[ h k jyD;atmif zwfzdkY udk,fhudk,fudk,f owd vifaom pdww f Ykd jzifo
h m zwf½o I ifjh cif;
awGU&Sdxm;Muonf/ odkYjzpf&m pmtjref ay;jcif;? ponfwdkYudk owdjyK&ygrnf/
zwfEdkifpGrf;&SdzdkYqdkvQifawmh - tm½Huk kd taumif;qH;k pkpnf;jyD;zwfum aemufqHk;taeESifhuawmh azmif;
yGaeonfh tcsuftvufawGMum;ü
repfrGef;bJ wpfMudrf&SmazGvdkufjyD;
wd k i f ; wpf c k c k toH k ; csEd k i f o nf h
tcsuftvufawmh awGUvdrfhrnf
[k taumif;bufu ½Ijrifxm;&
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52 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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News And Reviews

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dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 53
News and Reviews

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54 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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News And Reviews

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dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 55
News and Reviews

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56 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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News And Reviews

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News and Reviews

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(HTTP) uJo h Ykd aom Internet standards rSeforQ[m IP ay:rSm tajccH run aeMu
awGudk vdkufemaqmif&GufwJh private wm/ Private IP-base network awG jzpf

60 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
News And Reviews

toH;k jyKwJhprivate network udk &nfneT ;f bust ae&mrSm ASP &,fvdkY vlodrsm;vm
ygw,f/ Extranet [m X .12 standard ayrJh aemufyikd ;f rSm SaaS vdYk vlord sm;vm
vdkY vlodrsm;wJh point-to-point electro- w,f/ tm;vHk;[m cloud computing
nic data interchange (EDI) udk tpm; yJ/ tckqdk cloud computing taMumif;
xd;k vmcJw
h ,f/ 'DuaeYrmS awmh ukrP Ü aD wG awmif odyfjyD; rajymMuawmhbl;/
taeeJY olY&JU supply chain rSm yg0ifwJh
ypön;f oGi;f ol (suppliers) jyefa&mif;oleYJ 6. Personal Digital Assistant
wjcm; wjcm;aom member awGtaeeJY (PDA)
rdrdukrÜPDodkY access vkyfEdkifzdkY VPNs Apple ukrÜPD CEO a[mif; John
wpfck xlaxmifay;xm;avh &Sdygw,f/ service awG ay:xGef;vmw,f/ olwdkY Sculley u 1992 ckESpf Apple New-
toHk;jyKwJhenf;vrf;udk push technol- ton trnf&Sd handheld computer udk
3. Web Surfing ogy vdkY ac:w,f/ 'gayrJh 'Dvdk ydkYvTwfzdkY yGJxkwfwkef;u wDxGif oHk;pGJcJhwJh trnf
'DtoH;k tEIe;f udk b,fwek ;f u aemuf bandwidth awG trsm;MuD; ,lxm;& opfyg/ 'g aMumifh personal digital as-
qHk; oHk;rdygvdrfhvdkY oifudk,fwdkifaum w,f/ aemufydkif;rSm RSS feeds tjzpf sistant (PDA) qdkwm handheld com-
owd&&JUvm;/ aocsmwmuawmh 'DuaeY ajymif;vJoGm;w,f/ Internet ay:uae puter udk &nfnTef;ygw,f/ PDA qdkwJh
acwf uav;awGtaeeJY 'DtoHk;tEIef;udk publishing information awGudk sub- toHk;tEIef;udk 1996 ckESpf0ef;usiftxd
scriber awGqD ay;ydkY&mrSm toHk;jyKaeMu wGifus,fpGm toHk;jyKcJhw,f/ Palm Pi-
qJyJ/ RSS qdkwm Really Simple Syn- lot qdw
k m tar&duefEikd if w
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dication udk &nfnTef;ygw,f/ yJ a&yef;pm;cJhao;w,f/ aemufydkif;rSm
Blackberry eJY iPhone vdk t&mawGu
5. Application Service
Provider (ASP)
'Dbufydkif; 10 ESpftwGif;rSmyJ Ap-
plication Service Provider (ASP) [m
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) vd k Y
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bmqdkvdkrSef; rodawmhwm trSefygyJ/ aMu; odkYr[kwf ESpfpOfaMu; ay;oGif;xm;
q,fausmfoufeJY 20 pGef;pt&G,fawG ½Hek YJ rdrt
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taeeJY internet eJY World Wide Web trnf rsm;pGmaom software awGudk
[m twl w l y J v d k Y od x m;Muw,f / tcsed t f cgra&G; web ay:u qGcJ s toH;k jyK tpm;xdk;vmw,f/ PDA vdkY roHk;awmh
'gaMumifh web awGudk vSnfhvnfMunfh½I vmEdkifapw,f/ Software awG udk,fydkif bJ smartphone vdkYom oHk;pGJawmhw,f/
wmudk browsing vdYk oH;k rS olwYkd oabm 0,fxm;p&m rvdkawmhbl;/ Dot-com
ayguf y gvd r f h r ,f / 'grS r [k w f v nf ; 7. Internet Telephony
Google vdkY oHk;EIef;Edkifygw,f/ Google Internet telephony qdkwJh toHk;
[m 'DuaeYacwfrSm verb pum;vHk; tEIef;udk oifh a0g[m&pm&if;xJu xkwf
wpfvHk; jzpfvmjyD/ ypfvdkufygawmh/ oltpm; voice over
IP (VoIP) vdYk yJ oH;k EIe;f ygawmhw,f/ ajym
4. Push Technology r,fo h m ajym&w,f/ VoIP awmifrS enf;
1996 ckESpf0ef;usifrSm tcaMu;aiG enf; armf',fusvmjyD/ 'DuaeY tel-
ay;oGif;ol (subscriber) awGqD steady ephone call tawmfrsm;rsm;[m inter-
stream of news awG yHr
k eS yf Ykd jyD; 0efaqmif net ay:uyJ run zdkY wmplaeMujyD/ ½dk;½dk;
rIay;wJh Point Cast Network vdk Web zkef;vdkif; Public Switched Telephone

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 61
News and Reviews

&SmazG azmfxkwf jyifqifay;cJhwm[m


wu,f aus;Zl;wifp&myg/ Thin Cli-
ent qdkwmuawmh Oracle &JU uGef&uf
qdkif&mcsOf;uyfrIwpfckygyJ/ 1993 ckESpf
0ef;usifavmufrSm vkyfief;tzGJUtpnf;
MuD;awGtwGuf network vHkjcHKa&;eJY
pDrHcefYcGJrI ydkaumif;vmzdkY thin client udk
yGx
J wk cf yhJ gw,f/ 'gayrJh PCs awGukd vH;k 0
Oyrm GTE Competitive Local Ex-
tpm;rxdk;EdkifcJhygbl;/ Thin client &JU
change Carrier (CLEC), Oyrm MFS
oabmw&m;uawmh 'DuaeY mobile
Network (PSTN) awGuawmh xdkifidk& tp&SdwJh t&mawGvnf; acwfaqG;pm&if;
worker awGtMum; acwfpm;aewJh Vir-
r,fhudef; qdkufawmhr,f/ PSTN qdkwm xJ a&mufoGm;cJh&w,f/
tual desktop eJY vkyfaqmifrIcsif; qifwl
&mZ0ifxJrSm xm;&pf&awmhr,f/ 'DuaeY
ygw,f/
tcsdefrSm voice, data eJY video traffic 11. Long Distance Call
rsKd;pHk[m internet ay:rSmyJ run aeMujyD/ tck zkef;0efaqmifrIay;aewJh car-
10. RBOC
riers ukrÜPDawGtaeeJY zkef;ac:qdkrIawG
1984 ckESpf0ef;usifu tar&duef
8. Weblog twGuf tcEIef;xm;udk tenf;qHk; 5 ESpf
tpdk;&taeeJY AT& T w,fvDzkef;ukrÜPD
Online ay:rSm rdrd&JU oabmxm; wmumvtwGuf yHkaoEIef;xm;eJY owf
&JU vuf0g;MuD;tkyfrIudk jzdKcGJwJhtaeeJY lo-
xif[yfcsufawGukd azmfjycGijhf yK? ae&may; rSwaf umufcrH ,fh flat-rate calling plans
xm;wJh Web site awG[m 1990 jynfhESpf awG usifhoHk;vmwmaMumifh aemufaemif
0ef;usifrSm topfay:xGef;vmcJhw,f/ rSm local call eJY long-distance calls
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Weblog &JU twdak umufy/J Blogger wdYk ? jyD/ 'DuaeYacwfrSm ae&mwum wire-
blogosphere wdYk vkd a0g[m&awGuawmh less services oHk;aecsdefrSm terrestrials
'D tcsed x
f d acwfpm;wke;f yJ/ 'DuaeY tcsed f calls eJY wireless call udk cGJjcm;zdkY rvdk
rSmawmh vlawGrSm blog &Snf&SnfMuD;awG awmh ovdkyJaygh/ Pay phone awGrmS vdyk J
a&;zdkY tcsdefodyfray;EdkifMuawmhbl;/ ac:qdkwJhEdkifiHudkvdkufjyD; zkef;cudk cGJjcm;
'gaMumifh vdk&if;wdk&Sif;yJ azmfjywJh mi- owfrw S af wmhrmS r[kww f t
hJ wGuf long-
croblogging awG acwfpm;vmw,f/ cal service awGtwGuf vkyy f ikd cf iG u
hf kd Re- distance calls qdkwm tar&duefEdkifiH
pmvHk;a& 140 0ef;usifeJYyJ uefYowf gional Bell Operating Companies twGufuawmh &mZ0ifxJrSm usef&pfcJhyg
a&;om;vmMuw,f/ (RBOCs) 7 ckpD cGaJ y;vdu
k w
f ,f/ olwYkdukd jyDvdkYyJ qdkvdkufyg&ap/
Baby Bells vdkYvnf;ac:w,f/ Custo-
9. Thin Client mer awGtaeeJY local service awGudk 12. World Wide Web
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taeeJY client/server computing archi- tance service awGudkawmh AT&T qDu &,fvdkY wul;wuMuD; &nfnTef;oHk;pGJol
tecture &JU jypfcsuf (flaws) rsm;pGmudk 0,f,l&w,f/ vGefcJhwJh 15 ESpfu pjyD; r&SdawmhoavmufyJ/ xdkYenf;wlyJ Infor-
Telecom industry awGrSm ukrÜPDcsif; mation Superhighway, Infobahn eJY
yl;aygif;rIawG pwifcJhjyD; integrated lo- electronic highway awGudkvnf; roHk;
cal-and-long-distance carries ukrÜPD Muawmhbl;/ tm;vHk;u internet vdkYyJ
awG jzpfvmMuw,f/ Oyrm AT&T, Veri- oHk;awmhw,f/ tJ'Dpum;vHk;awG wcrf;
zon eJY Awest wdkYaygh/ 'gaMumifh RBOC wem; oGm;oHk;rd&ifawmh acwfaqG;MuD;
[m acwfaqG;a0g[m& wpfck jzpfoGm;& jzpfoGm;vdrfhr,f/ owdjyK/
w,f/ olwif b,fuvdrfhrvJ/ Incum-
bent Local Exchange Carrier (ILEC)

62 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
History

Entertainment

tdwaf qmif oDcsif;zGiphf ufawG jzwfoef;vmwJch &D;


qdek &D UJ rlvyxr Walkman pwif yGx J wk cf w
hJ hJ tESpf 30 jynft
h aeeJY portable music revolution
ordkif;pOfwpfavQmufrSm trSwfw&tjzpf&qHk; tcsdefav;awGudk jyefajymif; owd&&if; portable music awG&JU
ordkif;rSwfwdkif 10 ckudk rSwfwrf;wifazmfjyp&m jzpfvmcJh&w,f/

1972 ckESpf- xkwfvkyfa&mif;cszdkY pdwf0if txm;awGeJY w&m;½Hk;udk wif avmuf t xd &S n f M umcJ h j yD ;
Stereobelt wpm; r&SMd ubl;/ 'First Port- qdkcJhw,f/ 'Dw&m; ta&; aemuf Pavel &JU Stereo-belt
able Cassette Player That tcif;udpu
ö q,fpkESpf ESpfck uom urÇmay:rSm yxrqHk;
w&m;pG J q d k r I ud p ö a wG You Could Actually Buy'
awmfawmfrsm;rsm; &ifqdkif ajz qdkwJh acgif;pOfrsKd;eJY Walk-
&Sif;cJhMu&jyD;aemuf Andreas man qdkwmudk vdkvdkvm;vm;
Pavel &J U Stereobelt ud k azmfxw k cf o
hJ rl &Sad o;wJo
h abm
Sony u urÇmay:rSm yxr jzpfw,f/ Pavel u 'Dvdk ud&d
qHk; ay:xGef;vmwJh portable ,mrsKd;u olY&JU patent jzpfjyD;
cassette player tjzpf Sony u xkwfvkyfa&mif;cs
vufcH todtrSwfjyKay;cJh& cJw
h hJ Walkman &JUa&SUydik ;f ckepf
w,f/ b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf tJ'D ESpaf vmufuwnf;u OD;cJw h m
tcsdefwkef;u b,fvdk ukrÜPD ygvdkY olY&JUa&SUaeawGu ,Hk
MuD;awGurS 'Dvu kd &d ,d mrsK;d udk MunfavmufwJh taxmuf

64 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
History

ay:xGef;wJh portable cas- 1991 ckEpS -f


sette player tjzpf tod MiniDisc
trSwf jyKcJhMuwm jzpfw,f/
aiGaMu; yrmP twdik ;f twm Sony u Discman udk
&,l v d k r I t wG u f w&m;a&; rsK;d qufopfwpfct k jzpf xyfrH
udpö jzpfcJhMuwm r[kwfyg zefw;D wJt
h aeeJY MiniDisc udk
bl;/ *kPfyk'f wpfcktwGuf rdwf quf ay; cJh jyef w,f/
&nfneT ;f pGq J jkd cif; jzpfygw,f/ aomwtm½HkcHpm;rIqdkif&mudk
bmjzpfvdkYvJ qdkawmh Pavel tvGefpdwf0ifpm;olawG tae
u csrf;om <u,f0olwpfOD; eJY aomwtm½HkcH ud&d,m
jzpfaevdkYygyJ/ tqifhjrifhjrifhudk awmifhwae
csdefrSm MiniDisc xGufay:
1979 ckESpf- vmwJhtwGuf csufcsif;qdko
Walkman TPS-L2 vdk ay:jyLvm jzpfomG ;cJwh ,f/
tem*wf audio system
yxrqH k ; Walkman awGtwGufvnf; vrf;cif;
cassette player tjzpf a0g[m&udk qufvuf xdef; w,f/ Sony &JU portable CD ay;wJ h taetxm;rsKd ; eJ Y
Walkman TPS-L2 udk Zlvi
kd f odr;f toH;k jyKvmcJw
h ,f/ urÇmh player awG tajrmuftjrm; t&G,ftpm;ao;ao;eJY ae&m
v 1 &ufrSm yGJOD;xGuf pwif aps;uGufrSmawmh tm;vHk;u xkwfvkyfcJhwJhtxJrSm D-50 csxm;cJhw,f/ 'gayrJh pD'Dvdk
xkwfvkyf a&mif;csjzpfw,f/ Walkman vdYk yJ ac:qdc k MhJ uyg Discman u yxrqHk; ay: t&nftaoG;&SdwJh audio rsKd;
'Dud&d,mav;u tar&duef w,f/
EdkifiHrSm 1980 jynfhESpftwGif;
a&yef;tpm;qHk; ud&d,mav; 1984 ckESpf-
wpfckjzpfcJhjyD; ta&mif;oGufcJh Discman D-50
w,f/ 'Du&d , d mav;udk ae&m
wum o,f oGm; vdkY & wJh Walkman awGudk armf
twG u f tar&d u ef a wG u ',ftrsKd;rsKd;? yHkpH'DZdkif;trsKd;
Stowaway vdkY ajymif;ac:cJh rsKd;eJY xkwfvkyfvmcJhMujyD; ig;
Muao;w,f/ 'gayrJh sony ESpftMumrSm Sony u port-
taeeJY rlvuowfrSwf ac: able line up rSm pD'DawGudk
qd k c J h w J h Walkman qd k w J h yg0ifapzdYk csUJ xGif MudK;pm;cJjh yef

xGufvmwJh pD'DeJYzGifhwJh port- awmh r&cJhygbl;/ Sony tae


able player av; jzpfw,f/ eJY toH t&nftaoG;xuf
Walk-man CD pla-yer qdk portability udk OD;pm; ay;
wm 'DuaeYacwftxd xkwf aqmif&GufcJhvdkYyJ jzpfygw,f/
vkyf a&mif;csaeqJ&Sdwmudk trS e f w u,f v nf ; Mini-
awGUjrifEdkifygvdrhfr,f/ Disc av; awG&JU yHkpHu por-
ta-bility &Sc
d w
hJ t
hJ wGuf ordik ;f

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 65
History

rSwfwrf;wpfck jzpfcJh&w,f/ 2001 ckEpS -f


Sony &JU Concept u aemuf Samsung Uproar
18 ESpMf umwJt
h cg tvGeaf o;
i,fwJh iPod nano wdkY? iPod Device convergence
shuffle wdkY xGufay:vmap rsufpdrsKd; p&SdvmapcJhwJh ud&d
w,fvdkYqdk&if rrSm;ygbl;/ ,mvdYk todtrSwjf yKEdik w f ,f/
2001 ckESpfrSm Samsung u
1998 ckESpf- yxrqH;k music phonetjzpf
MPMan F10 Samsung Uproar eJY rdwf (PMP) tjzpf Jukebox Mul-
qufjzpfcw hJ ,f/ MP3 player timedia udk xkwfvkyfcJhw,f/
Diamond Multimedia eJY cell phone wdkY aygif;pyf Media Player vdkY ac:qdkwJh
Rio PMP300 udk urÇmay:rSm xkwfvkyfay;wJhyHkpH jzpfw,f/ tac:ta0:udk poHk;jzpfwm
yxrqH k ; ay:xG u f v mwJ h 'DtcsdefrSm 'Dvdk portable de- vdkY ajymEdkifw,f/ Music wpf
MP3 player tjzpf udk;um; 2001 ckEpS -f vice ESpfrsKd;udk aygif;pyf xkwf ckwnf; r[kwfawmhbJ/ "mwf
avh&SdMuw,f/ 'gayrJh 'D*kPf Apple iPod vk y f j cif ; uvnf ; ord k i f ; yHkawG? AD'D,dkawGyg MunfhEdkif
yk'u
f kd wu,fwrf; ydik q f ikd af p (1st generation) aMumif;rSm rSww f ikd jf zpfomG ;ap apw,f/ olY&JU qef;opfcsuf
wmu MPMan F10 jzpf w,f / tJ ' D a emuf y d k i f ; rS m udk trSoD [JjyKjyD; iPod video
w,f/ Eiger Labs u xkwf Steve Jobs Apple udk Sony Erisson u qufvkyf qdkwm xGufay:jyD; tvm;wl
vk y f c J h j yD ; tar&d u ef E d k i f i H jyefa&mufvmcJjh yD; iMac tae vmjyD; yxrqHk; Walkman- media player yHkpHjyK ud&d
twGuf jzefYcsd a&mif;cscw hJ ,f/ eJY personal computer &JU branded cell phone W 800i ,mav;awGudk Creative wdkY?
a':vm 250 eJYa&mif;wm jzpf vrf;c&D;rSm qef;opfrIjzpf qdkwmudk 2005 ckESpfrSm Samsung wdkY? SanDisk wdkY?
w,f/ 0ifqHhrIyrmPu 32 oG m ;apcJ h w ,f / aemuf j yD ; xkwfvkyfcJhygw,f/ Sony wdkYuvnf; vdkufxkwf
MB &Sdw,f/ tvHkydwf udk,f ukrÜPDtaeeJY ydkjyD; wdk;wuf vmMuw,f/ Sony uawmh
aumif;rGefwJh portable mu- AD'D,dkeJY "mwfyHktjyif slide
sic player xkwfjzpfcJhw,f/ udkyg xnhfoGif;cJhw,f/
iPod udk pGefYpm;rIwpf&yfvdkY
ajym&if 'Dvw kd xD iG x
f wk v
f yk rf I 2007 ckESpf-
udkvnf; enf;ynmoHk; axG Apple iPhone
axG&m&m ud&d,mav;awG&JU (1st generation)
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vmcJh wmudv k nf; vufc&H rSm Apple &JU oauFw
jzpw,f/ iMac atmifjrif wpfckjzpfwJh scroll
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jyD; monochrome display tvsif t jref wpf [ k e f x d k ; vdu
k vf yk v
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ao;ao;av;ygvmw,f / emrnfMuD;um iPod qdkwJh Apple u wpfrsKd;wpfzHk qef;
'DaeYacwfydkif;rSmawmh a':vm trnfukd rodorl &So d avmuf opfwJh zefwD;rIwpfckudk vkyf
230 avmufeJY 8 GB iPod jzpfoGm;cJh&w,f/ iPod rSm 2002 ckESpf- vmcJ h j yef w ,f / iconic
Touch udk ydkifqdkifcGihf&wmeJY navigation tool wpfcktjzpf Archos Jukebox iPhone qdkwmudk jyKvkyfvm
EIid ;f ,SOf rSe;f qMunfEh ikd w
f ,f/ toHk;jyKcJhwJh scroll wheel Multimedia wm jzpf w,f/ Navigation
ckawmh MP3 technology uvnf; jydKifbuf 'DZdkif;awG vkyif ef;pOfukd wheel udk toH;k
avQmufvSrf;vmcJhwm 11 ESpf xuf xifay:odomapcJhyg Archos u yxrqH k ; csr,fhtpm; rSefom;jyifudk wdkY
&SdcJhygjyD/ w,f/ portable media player xd j yD ; vrf ; nT e f a y;apwJ h

66 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
History

touch sensitive panel udk awG? social networking app


toHk;cs,lw,f/ aps;EIef; MuD; awG? productivity program
jrifhvSjyD; tuefYtowfawG? awGpovdk trsK;d tpm;eJY ta&
taetxm;awG &S d a eayrJ h twGuf ydkydkjyD; rsm;rsm;vmcJh
vnf; iPhone u smart- w,f/ 'DtxJu apps awmf
phone avmu&JUtoGiu f kd yHpk H awmfrsm;rsm;udk tcrJh xkwf
ajymif;ay;vdkufovdk jzpfoGm; ay;w,f/ 1979 ckESpfu So-
&w,f / aemuf w pf E S p f r S m ny u xkwfvkyfcJhwJh 0efxkyf
iPhone obm0rygbJ Ap- 0efydk;rsm;pGmeJY cassette play-
ple u iPod Touch qdw k mudk er toHk;jyK&rIeJY vHk;0 uGmjcm;
quf xkwfvmw,f/ tJ'DrSm oGm;apw,f/ 'gudkMunfhjcif;
internet functionality awG xyfjyD; awmfvSef ajymif;vJ tm;jzifh Apple u Sony &JU
ygvmjyD; music collection oGm;apjyefw,f/ zefwD;csufawGudk *drf;upm;
awGukd vufacsmif;av;eJY nTef ovdk ,SOfjydKifoGm;w,fvdkY
Mum;jyD; toHk;jyKcGifh&vmwJh 2008 ckESpf- rSwcf sufjyK&ygvdrrfh ,f/ avm
twG u f portable music iTunes Apple Store avmq,fumvrSmawmh iPod
player avmuudk wpfMudrf awGukd tysHpm;awGvYkd oabm
jyD; cJh wJh ESpfuyJ Apple u xm;Edkifw,f/ 'gayrJh ckvdkyJ
App Store qdkwmudk pzGifh cJh aemufxyfESpf 30 avmuf
w,f/ iPhone eJY iPod touch MumwJhtcg b,folu pdk;rdk;
awGeJUtwl handheld com- Edik w
f o hJ l jzpfvmrSmyJ qdw k mudk
puter avmuudk xdk;ESufvm awmh b,folrS cefYrSef;EdkifMu
w,f / wpf E S p f w mumv vd r h f r ,f r[k w f y gaMumif ;
twGif; acgif;pOfaygif; 500 portable music awG&UJ ordi k ;f
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taetxm; &SdoGm;w,f/ *drf; OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,f&)D

Notebook uHxl;&Sif a&G;cs,f


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a&G;cs,fay;cJhygw,f/ uHxl;olrsm;rSm oHk;odef;qktwGuf Technoland rS 0,f,lol
armifcefYpnfolatmif? wpfodef;qktwGuf Citicom Computer rS 0,f,lol
rauZifxufeJY wpfodef;qktwGuf ICE rS 0,f,lol rif;ausmf0if;OD;
wdkYjzpfMuygw,f/ a&Tvrif;e*g;ukrÜPDrS wifoGif;wJh Acer xkwfukefrsm;onf
aemufqHk;ay:enf;ynmrsm;udk EdkifiHwumeJYwef;wl tcsdefeJYwajy;nD
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0,f,lwJhqdkifwGifomru SLN Service Centre rSmvnf; 0efaqmifrI &Edkifygw,f/

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 67
News and Review

Technology

Transistor acwf ukeq f ;kH awmhrmS vm;/


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tajccHwJhenf;ynm azmfxkwfzdkY okawoejyKaejcif;jzpfygw,f/

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atmif ao;i,fvSwJh tDvuf uGefysLwmodyÜHynm&Sif &dSaeygw,f/ tajymif;tvJ vkyfzdkYyg/ Computer revo-
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wmvdk cvkwf tzGifh? tydwf t&G,ftpm;u twdkif;twm tzGifhonf 1 udk ukd,fpm; awG ydkjyD; ao;i,fvmw,f/

68 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
News and Review

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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 69
News and Review

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70 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
News and Review

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72 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
News and Review

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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 73
News and Review

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74 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
News and Review

Life Style

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76 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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News and Review

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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 77
News and Review

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86 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
Software Review

tion udkvnf; yHhydk; aqmif&Guf aewJhtwGuf rvdkvm;tyfwJh


ay;w,f/ Mailshell uae message awGeJY a&;MuD;cGif
antispam protection ud k us,f vkyrf aeawmhwm awGU&
vkyfvmapw,f/ AVG u ygvdrfhr,f/
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malware awG u d k 98.9%


BitDefender Internet Security 2009 txd aumuf,lay;cJhw,f/
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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 87
Software Review

Zilla FTP y ½dk * &rf tay: twl IM chat awGudk jiif;


odem;vnfrI enf;yg;aMumif; qefzdkYvnf; pDpOftoHk;csEdkif
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88 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
Software Review

udk cGJjcrf; pdwfjzmwJh ae&mrSm


Comodo Internet Security Pro Comodo &JU score u ysrf;rQ
39 a':vm (comodo.com) tqifhatmufrSm &Sdaeayr,fh
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vkyfief;tqifh awmfawmfrsm; vSw,f/ pkaqmif;xm;vdYk &wJh Malware 5ç000 rS 57 ckudk AV-Test t& us,f
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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 89
aMumfjim
Software Review

update xkwfEdkifzdkY 24 em&D


ausmf vdktyfaew,f/ 2009
G-Data Internet Security 2010
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92 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
Software Review

G-data u all-round web


secuirty suite taeeJY
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udk a&G;cs,fzdkY toifhawmfqHk;


Norton Internet Security 2009 jzpfaevdrhfr,f/
48 a':vm (symantec.co.uk) Malware trsKd ; rsKd ;
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cdkifrmawmifhwif;ovdk aps; Interface &JU odem;vnfrIu
EI e f ; uvnf ; MuD ; ygw,f / vnf; aumif;w,f/ Feature
rESpfjrdKUzG,f&m aqmhzf0JawGudk awGuvnf; awmfawmfav;
wm;qD;wJhae&mrSm aumif;rGef jynf h p H k w ,f / 'D p rf ; oyf w J h
oavmuf toH;k jyK&mrSmvnf; tkyfpkxJrSm xdyfqHk;rSm &Sdrae
vG,fulw,f/ tvHk;pHktae ayrJh rdrdyDpDudk tumtuG,f
txm;eJYMunfh&if G-data jyD; ay;zdkY solid product udk vdk
&if Norton u xdyfqHk;u
jzpfaewm awGU&w,f/ Mal- Norton udk cdik rf m awmifw
h if;wJh
ware detection tvG e f security suite tjzpf
aumif;w,f/ &Sif;xkwf&mrSm owfrw
S Ef ikd w
f ,f/

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 93
Software Review

&Sdw,f/ (adware ryg 98 rSm taxmuftul jzpfEikd af pcJh


'or 3% &w,f) yxr w,f/ ½kwfw&uf jzefYMuuf
tMudrf 2009 ckEpS rf mS prf;oyf vmwJh malware wdkufcdkufrI
pOfu 98 'or 7% &cJhwm topfukd wHYk jyef aqmif&u G &f m
udk jyefMunfv h u kd &f if avsmhus rSm 2 em&DrjynfhrD today;Edkif
oGm;ovdk &Sdw,f/ (adware w,f/
ryg 98 'or 8%) b,fvykd J aemuf feature wpfcku
jzpfjzpf tvHk;pHk EdIif;,SOfrI awmh Norton insight jzpf
taeeJY Munfhr,fqdk&if G- w,f/ Scan vkyfp&mrvdkbJ
data eJ Y BitDefender &J U ,HMk unf&wJh application jzpf
aemufrSm a&mufaew,f/ rjzpf jyqdzk Ykd web-based ele-
Malware aMumifh xdcu kd f ment udk oH;k xm;w,f/ Anti-
oGm;csufawGudk &Sif;xkwfwJh spam feature uvnf; Out-
ae&mrSmawmh jynfph rkH &I w dS ,fvYkd look Express rSm xnfhay;
rqd k E d k i f a yrJ h Norton ud k y J xm;w,f/ Norton &JU de-
*kPfjyK&rSmjzpfw,f/ Mal- fault setting u prf;oyfrI
ware csxm;cJhwJh file awGeJY rSm rSerf eS u
f efuefjyqdjk yD; vkyf
Registry changes awGudk udkifay;aewm awGU&w,f/
z,f x k w f a y;&mrS m 85% edrfhedrfhvdkY ajymEdkifw,f/ wpf EdIif;,SOfMunfh&if avsmhusae Antiphishing eJY ywfoufvYkd
atmifjrifcJhjyD; scrub vkyfcdkif; zuf jyefMunfh&ifawmh 'Dtkyfpk wm awGU&w,f) 'gaMumifh 'D vnf; ydkaumif;vmygw,f/
MunfhwJhtcg infection test xJrSm false positive wpfck udpörSmvnf; 'DtkyfpkxJrSm
10 ckrSm 2 ck us½HI;cJhw,f/ wavrS rxkwfay;wJh wpfck wwd , ae&mrS m yJ &S d a eap oHk;oyfcsuf
Rootkit awGudk detect vkyf wnf;aom product jzpfae w,f/ Norton Internet Secu-
cdkif;wmwdkY? z,fxkwfcdkif;wm jyefw,f/ rodao;wJh mal- b,fvydk jJ zpfjzpf 'D suite rity 2009 'kw,
d tMurd xf w
k f
wdkYrSm tm;&p&maumif;w,f/ ware &SmazG azmfxkwf&mrSm rSm new pulse update fea- taeeJY cdik rf m awmifw
h if;rI &Syd g
Active rootkits 9 ck cdkif; vnf; ysrf;rQtqifhatmuf ture ygvmwJhtwGuf mal- w,f/ Security suite up-
Munf&h m tm;vH;k atmifjrifpmG eJY a&mufaew,f/ 2 ywfMum ware signature udk 5 rdepf grade taetxm; ydkaumif;
z,fxkwfay;Edkifw,f/ signature file awG u d k 44 'grS r [k w f 15 rd e pf w d k i f ; vmw,f/ Backup function
Adware eJY udkifwG,f 'or 6% yJ azmfxkwfay;Edkif xkwaf y;avh&w dS maMumifh pro- xnfhay;vdkufwJh twGufvnf;
ajz &Sif;rI detection rate 85 w,f/ (yxr version wkef; active performance aES ; toHk;jyKolawG ydkjyD; tqifajy
'or 6% yJ &wJhtwGuf cyf u 48 'or 2% &cJhwmeJY auG; av;vHru I kd ckErdS w
f ahJ e&m oGm;apw,f/

Panda's suite taeeJY


Panda Internet Security 2009 wjcm; prf;oyftkyfpk0ifawGeJY
a':vm 60 (pandasecurity.com) EdiI ;f pmMunf&h if tifrwef aps;
MuD;w,fvdkY ajym&rSm jzpf
w,f/ erlemtjzpf toHk;jyK
Panda Internet Secu- w,f/ 'Dprf;oyftkyfpkrSmawmh qD;zdkY t&nftcsif; vHk;0OóHk xm;wJh Trojan horses wdkY?
rity 2009 rSm feature awG pwkw¬ae&mrSm &Sdaeapw,f/ ,HkMunf&wJhtqifh r&Sday/ bots wdkY? password stealer
xyfxnfhjyD; oHk;& vG,fulwJh rvd k v m;tyf w J h taES m if h Web-based scanning fea- wdkYeJY wjcm; malware awGudk
interface xnfo
h iG ;f yg0ifvm t,Sufaqmhzf0JawGudk wm; ture uawmh aumif;ygw,f/ xnfhoGif;prf;oyf&mrSm 97

94 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
Software Review

Panda u interface
tvGefaumif;w,f/ On-access
scan speed tjrefq;kH jzpfw,f/

jzpfapw,f/ [muGuf? aysmh


uGuf &Smay;wJh vulnerabil-
ity scanner uvnf; miss-
ing patche awGudk ppfaq;
ay;EdkifwJhudpöu 'Dprf;oyf
tkyfpkxJrSm wpfckwnf;aom
suite jzpf a ejyef w ,f / 'D
tcsufu rdrdyDpDtwGuf pat-
che awG jynfhpHk uHkvHkaeapzdkY
tpOftjrJ jznfhwif;ay;ae
ovdk jzpf&w,f/ 'gayrJh scan
vkyfzdkYudpöuawmh udk,fwdkif
aqmif&Gufay;&rSm jzpfw,f/

u 95% ausmf taumif;qH;k taetxm;&Sad e oHk;oyfcsuf


ausmf & atmif wJt
h wGuf yDpu D kd zGi,
hf w
l t
hJ cg Interface aumif;aumif;
'DZikd ;f vkyx
f m;wm aESmifhaES;MuefYMumrI r&Sdawmh ygvmjyD; on-access speed
awGU&jyefw,f/ ay/ aumif;aumif;eJY tvkyfvkyfay;
jyD;cJhwJh version Parental contents/ Edkifw,f/ Mal-ware detec-
prf ; oyf p Of u backups/ antispam/ anti- tion eJY ywfoufjy;D rSwaf usmuf
69% yJ &cJhyg phishing pwJh feature tydk wifavmufatmif r&Sad yrJh pdwf
w,f/ Behav- aqmif;awG xnfhoGif;ygvm auseyfrIjzpfatmif pGrf;aqmif
ioural detec- wJhtwGufawmh auseyfp&m Edik pf rG ;f &Syd gw,f/
tion test rS m
malware erlem
15 ck teuf 9
ck aumufjyEdkifcJh
'or 8% azmfxkwfay;Edkif w,f/
w,f / ( adware ryg 98 Web-based addition
'or 1%) yxr 2009 ver- xnfhoGif;yg&SdvmjyD; Collec-
sion rSm 93 'or 6% (ad- tion Intelligence vdYk ac:wGif
ware ryg 94 'or 8%) apw,f/ 'D Collection In-
&cJwh t
hJ wGuf wd;k wufaumif; telligence aMumifh app &JU
rGefvmw,fvdkY qdk&ygvdrfh scanning pGrf;&nfudk jr§ifhwif
r,f/ Heuristic test rSm &Sm ay;oGm;Edik w
f t
hJ jyif malware
azGazmfxkwfEdkifrIu 36% yJ topfawGukd &SmazG&mrSmvnf;
&Sdw,f/ 'gayrJh password eJY EIef;xm;jrifhjrifh &&SdoGm;ap
financial information awG w,f / On-access scan-
cdk;,lrIudk pHkprf;axmufvSrf;rI ning speed ud k v nf ;
uGeyf sLwmAdik ;f &yfpu
f wjznf;jznf; Mu;D vmovdyk J

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 95
Software Review

Zone Alarm Extreme Security 8.0


a':vm 100 (zonealarm.com)
ZoneAlarm rSm feature
tjynfhpHkqHk; xnfhay;xm;w,f/
ZoneAlarm ud k wef tjcm; enf;wl pkaqmif;
aMu;MuD;MuD;eJY 0,f,t l oH;k jyK xm;wJ h Trojan horses/
&ovdk toHk;0ifvSwJh secu- worms/ password-stealer
rity feature awG u vnf ; eJY wjcm; malware aygif;
wpfyHkwpfyif ygvmw,f/ ID 722ç372 udk prf;oyfppfaq;
theft udpe ö JY recovery serv- MunfhwJhtcg tqifhjrifhjrifh
ice udpöawGrSm jydKifpH&Sm;wJh &cJhygw,f/ 'gayrJh av;av;
tqifh&Sdw,f/ Online data vHvH &SdwmaMumifh ranking
storage udk pdwfcsvufcs oHk; cswJ h t cg tv,f t vwf
Edkifw,f/ 'DESpftwGif; xGuf&Sd tqifhyJ jzpfoGm;apw,f/
orQ security suite awGxrJ mS txl ; ojzif h Zone-
idendify fraud udk ydkifydkifEdkif Alarm taeeJY rootkits awG
Edkif nTefjyEdkifrIt&SdqHk; suite z,fxkwfay;wJh ae&meJY de-
6 em&Dtxdom MumwJt h wGuf MailFrontier eJY phishing
vdkYvnf; qdkEdkifygw,f/ tect vkywf hJ ae&mrSm tjrifq h ;kH
tvGefjrefqefpGm azmfxkwfEdkif attack awGudk ppfxkwfay;
Antivirus protection score &oGm;w,f/ rodao;
w,fvdkY qdk&ygvdrfhr,f/ Up- w,f/ Netcraft eJY web anti-
eJYywfoufvdkY kaspersky u wJh malware &SmazGrIeJY ywf
date issue eJY ywfoufvdkY phishing udk aqmif&Gufay;
ae vdkifpif,ljyD; xnfhoGif; oufjyD; ysrf;rQtqifhtxuf
Zefe0g&Dvu 636? azazmf0g w,f / Web twG i f ; u
xk w f v k y f c J h w ,f / On-de- rSm &Sdygw,f/ ESpfywfMum
&Dvu 732 eJY rwfvu 723 oHo,jzpfp&mawGudk owd
mand eJY on-access ESpfckvHk; signature file udk owfrSwf
xkwf ay;aecJhwmaMumifh wpf ay;raeawmhbJ tjywf um
udk ,HkMunfvufcHEdkifavmuf jy|mef;ay;rI 42% &Sjd yD; 4 ywf
&ufudk update 23 MudrfEIef; uG , f r I u d k aqmif & G u f a y;
wJh tqifheJY aqmif&Gufay;Edkif Mum signature file awG
xm;eJY xkwfay;EdkifcJhw,f/ w,f/
w,f/ tqdkyg malware file twGufawmh 38% &w,f/
b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf 741 ZoneAlarm interface
awGudk &mEIef;jynfh score &&Sd Widespread malware at-
MB file wpfcktay: on-de- u Lefthand navigation
ayr,fh macro virus twGuf tacts topfawGtwGuf pl;
mand taeeJY 179 puúefY pane udk toH;k csaqmif&u
G ,f l
81% yJ &cJhw,f/ prf; wHkYjyefrIrSm 4 em&Duae
MumjyD; on-access taeeJY w,f/ nmbufjcrf;rSmawmh
103 puúefYMumaew,f/ An- Parental Control eJY online
tivirus wifrxm;wJh pufrSm storage i Drive udk xnfxh m;
'D file udkyJ scan vkyf&if 41 ay;w,f/
puúefYyJ Mumygw,f/
ZoneAlarm taeeJY 0if oHk;oyfcsuf
vmwJh tD;ar;vfeJY IM awGudk Security feature awGeYJ
oD;jcm; scan rvkyfawmhbJ ywfoufvYkd tjynfph qkH ;kH secu-
0ifa&mufvmaeqJrmS yJ wpfcg rity suite wpf c k j zpf w ,f /
wnf; scan vkyfay;avh &Sd Malware aygi;f pHk wm;qD;ay;rIeYJ
w,f/ OyrmtaeeJY Zone- rootkits z,fxkwfrIpGrf;tm;
Alarm u SonicWall udk aumif ; w,f / Behaviour-
toHk;jyKjyD; antispam pro- based protection vnf; ydk
tection udk aqmif&GufapjyD; aumif;vmygw,f/

96 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
Software Review

rouFmp&mjzpfwJh apps eJY


Kaspersky Internet Security 2010 links awGudk a&mufoGm;ap
a':vm 60 (kaspersky.com) w,f/ oifhjrwfwJh logical
choice &apzdkY safe run u
tvdktavsmuf IE udk sand-
KIS 2010 rSm ½d;k &Si;f wJh box xJ xnfhay;w,f/ KIS
interface uae toH;k 0ifapr,fh 2010 xJrSm IE udk vnfywf
security feature awG apzdkY icon av;udk click vkyf
awmfawmfrsm;rsm; cGifhjyKxm;w,f/ ½HkygyJ/ 'DtwGuf zero-day
threats ud k taumif ; qH k ;
(IM) twGuf tumtuG,f tumtuG,af y;oGm;Edik w f ,f/
opfwpfckygvmovdk phish- 'gayrJ h CPU utilisation
ing eJY dodgy website awG taeeJY zwfzwfarmjzpfomG ;ap
eJY jyefwdkuf,lzdkY URL Ad- w,f/ yDpDudkyif av;vH aES;
visor wpfck ygvmwJhtjyif auG;oGm;apw,f/ KIS &JU
gaming profile twG u f antispam u ydkrdk wdk;wuf
£a`E´&SdwJh tumtuG,frsKd; aumif;rGefvmw,f/ aqmhzf0J
2009 ck E S p f 'k w d , paint&JU tjrnf;av;awG awG xnfhoGif;yg&Sdvmw,f/ u tvdktavsmuf spam e-
ajcmufvywfqD ul;ajymif; ay;vmw,f/ Complex pro- KIS 2010 rSm Safe Run mails aygif; 4ç900 avmuf
cgpyJ &Sdao;w,f/ Kasper- duct qd k w mxuf tvG , f rdwfquf ygvmwJhtwGuf udk ajz&Sif; vkyfudkifay;Edkif
sky u 2010 products udk wul toHk;jyKEdkifapr,fh por- Windows uae woD ; w,f / mis-indentifying
pxkwfvdkufw,f/ Kasper- tal wpf c k t jzpf &S d a eao; wjcm; jzpfaeapr,fh virtual taeeJY 1 'or 5 &mcdkifEIef;
sky Internet Security w,f/ Instant messaging 'sandbox' wpfcktwGif;udk avmufom &SdEdkifw,f/
(KIS) 2010 rSm backup uti-
lity wpfcktwGuf >cif;csufrS
wpfyg; jydKifbufrsm;rSm awGU&
wJh xH;k pHtwdik ;f &S&d r,fh tum
tuG,fawG tm;vHk;ygw,f/
Files awG ? tD ; ar;vf a wG ?
web browsing ud p ö a wG ?
application eJY process vkyf
ief;pOfawGtwGuf virus pro-
tection awG jynfhjynfhpHkpHkyg
w,f/ Bi-directional fire-
wall wdkY? antispam wdkYeJY
antiphishing wdkYtjyif plus
ad blocking wdkYudkvnf; &&Sd
aprSm jzpfw,f/
Version topftaeeJY
yg&SdvmwJh tajymif;tvJu
yg;yg;eyf e yf e J Y tusKd ; &S d & S d
toHk;csEdkifr,fhyHkpHawG yg&Sd prf;oyfrtI m;vk;H ukd Windows XP SP3 uGeyf sLwmrSm ûyvkyw f mjzpfygw,f/ vufvt D a&mif;xuf oufomwJh
vmw,f / Interface rS m Amazon.com.uk okrYd [kwf Play.com u tGev f idk ;f aps;EIe;f awG tajccHjy;D &rSwrf sm; jyxm;ygw,f/

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 97
Software Review

Audio CD eJY MP3 tjyeftvSeaf jymif;Edik w


f hJ
at-acgif;avQmf&nf trfyDo&D;aqmhzf0J
Ashampoo MP3 Audio Center udk ]at-acgif;avQmf&nf trfyDo&D;aqmhzf0J}vdkY wdkuf½dkuf bmomjyef
vdu
k w
f myg/ Karaoke VCD uae ajymif;,lwhJ MP3 awG[m toHumG vwD raumif;yg/ em;MuyfeYJ
em;axmifwt hJ cg qdo
k w
H pfzuf? wD;vH;k oHwpfzuf xGuyf gw,f/ toHaumif;aumif; em;axmifcsif&if
Audio CD uae ajymif;,lyg/

MP3 oDcsif;awGudk MP3/4 puf Ä Burn an Audio CD or MP3 CD


awGrSmomru GSM Phone eJY ADpD'DzGifh toHzikd af wGuae Audio CD or MP3
pufawGrmS yg zGiv hf mMuwmrdYk Audio CD CD vkyfzdkYyg/ udk,fhpdwfMudKuf MP3
eJY MP3 tjyeftvSef ajymif;oHk;&mrSm oDcsif;awGudkpkjyD; Selection jyefvkyf
oH k ; vd k Y aumif ; wJ h Software wpf c k vdkY&ygw,f/
taMumif; wifjyygr,f/ Ashampoo
MP3 Audio Center udk ]]at -acgif; Ä Convert Files
avQm&f nf trfyo D &D;aqmhz0f }J }vdYk wdu
k ½f u
kd f Wave file eJY MP3 file tjyeftvSef
bmomjyefvdkufwmyg/ Karaoke VCD ajymif;vdYk &ovdk toHumG vwDavQmjh yD;
uae ajymif;,lwJh MP3 awG[m toH tMudrf pzGifhuwnf;u Normal Mode File size i,foGm;atmif csKHUvdkY&yg
uGmvwD raumif;yg/ em;MuyfeJY em; tpm; Expert Mode udk a&G;xm;&yg w,f/
axmifwJhtcg qdkoHwpfzuf? wD;vHk;oH r,f/ uRrf;usifol&JU enf;vrf;qdkawmh
wpf z uf xG u f y gw,f / toH a umif ; aumif;jyD;om;ayghAsm/ 'D Software eJY Ä Normalize file volume
aumif; em;axmifcsi&f ifAudio CD uae vkyfvdkY&wmawGu... toHtwdk;tus,frnDwJh toHzdkifawG
ajymif;,lyg/ Ä Extract audio files from an Audio udk wpfajy;nD jzpfomG ;atmif vkyzf Ykdyg/
Ashampoo MP3 Audio Center CD
udk zGifhvdkuf&if yHk (1) rSmvdk jrif&ygr,f/ Audio CD uae toHzdkif (MP3 or MP3 ajymif;&ef
'DvdkrsKd;jrif&atmif Program udk yxr Wave) awG xkwf,lzdkYyg/ CD\DVD drive xJrmS Audio CD

98 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


kd m
Software Review

xnfhjyD; Ashampoo Center udk zGifhyg/ Audio CD\MP3 CD jyKvyk f &ef -


Abstract audio files from an Audio toHt&nftaoG;aumif;aumif;eJY
CD udk Click vkyfyg/ oDcsif;em;axmifcsif&if oDcsif; 15 yk'f
Next udk qufwdkuf ESpfcgavmuf avmuf y J q H h w J h Audio CD awG u
click vkyfvdkuf&if yHk (2) rSm jyxm;ovdk taumif;qHk;yg/ pD'DwpfcsyfxJrSm oDcsif;
jrif&ygr,f/ CD xJu oDcsif;eHygwf yk'fa& 100 ausmf xnfhcsif&ifawmh MP3
Track awGxJu prf;zGifhMunfhcsifwJhtyk'f CD vkyf&ygr,f/
rSm Play udk click vkyfjyD; em;axmifEdkif Ashampoo Program xJu Burn
ygw,f/ MP3 ajymif;r,fh Track awG an Audio CD or MP3 CD udk a&G;yg/
udk Select vkyjf yD; Next udk click vkyyf g/ Burn qdkwJhpum;vHk;u CD udk rD;½dIUzdkY
yHk (3)tuGufxJu Output format ajymwmr[kwfyg/ uGefysLwm ynm&Sif
awG[m wpfcgwav cyfaMumifaMumif
yg/ tacGul;wmudk Copy vdkYajym&if
&&JUom;eJY bmaMumifh Burn vdYk ajymovJ
qdwk m vduk pf Of;pm;ae&if ud,
k yf g aMumif
oGm;Edkifygw,f/ tacGul;wJhaqmhzf0Judk emrnfajymif;csif&if Rename udk Click
vnf; Burning Software vdkY ac:yg vkyfjyD; trnf½dkufxnfhyg/ jyD;&if Next
w,f/ CD rD;avmifaewJh yHk(4) xJu udka&G;yg/
Create an Audio CD or Create an
MP3 CD wpfckck a&G;yg/

rSm MP3 udk a&G;yg/ Output quality


rSm yHkrSeftm;jzifh Good quality udk a&G;
ygw,f/ Normalize Volume udk a&G;xm;
&if oDcsif;awGudk toHtwdk;tus,fnD
atmif csdefay;ygw,f/ Output location
rSm Normal folder udka&G;jyD; ab;u yHk(7)rSmvdk pD'Dxnfhay;zdkY awmif;wJh
Browse udkzGifhyg/ MP3 zdkifawG odrf; tuGufay:vmygr,f/Change Options
r,fh Folder udk a&G;yg/ Folder topf yHk(5)xJu tuGufrSm Add udk udkzGifhjyD; Write-speed udk 24x avmuf
Click vkyfjyD; uGefysLwmxJrSm odrf;xm; yJxm;yg/ jrefEIef;jrifheJY tvkyfvkyf&if
vkyfcsif&if Make new folder udk click
vkyfjyD; trnf½dkufxnfhyg/ aemufqHk; wJh MP3 zdkifawGudk ac:wifyg/ jyD;&if jrefjrefjyD;ayrJh wpfcgwav wpf0uf
Finish udk Click vkyfyg/ yHk (6) vdkrsKd; wpfysufeJY &yfoGm;wwfygw,f/
tqifhtaeeJY Start udk click vkyfyg/
ay:vmygr,f/ oDcsif;awGtm;vH;k zGi&hf if ul;jyD;wJt h acG xGuv f mwJt h cg 'gudk
Mumr,fhtcsdefudk atmufrSm tjyma&mif yJ aemufwpfacGxyful;csif&if acGvGwf
wef;eJY jyxm;ygr,f/ tJ'Dtcsdef[m teD xyfxnfhjyD; Write same CD again udk
a&miftwef;udk ausmfvdkYr&yg/ a&G;xm; click vkyfyg/
wJh oDcsif;awGu CD eJY rqHhvdkYjzpfyg ynmud k ao&G m ,l r oG m ;csif w J h
w,f/ 0ifqo hH avmufyJ xnfw h maumif; twGuf ud, k v
f yk pf m;aewJt
h uGuu f av;
ygw,f/ zsufr,fhtyk'fawGudk Select awGudk 'gejyKvdkufwmyg/ þodkYjyK&
vkyfjyD; Remove udk Click vkyfyg/ ukovaMumifh wynfah wmf\ uGeyf sLwm
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hf Pf (arm&)

2009 atmufwb
kd m ? uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 99
Software Review

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pmpDpm½dkufavmueJY ½Hk;oHk;? tdrfoHk;? ausmif;oHk;awGrSm toHk;trsm;qHk;u (Adobe PageMaker) yg/
wu,fvnf; aumif;ygw,f/ Microsoft Office Publisher udk oH;k wwfomG ;&if olu Y v kd nf; vufrvTwb
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scape wdkYudk a&G;yg/ b,f? nm? tay:? atmuf rm*sif 0.4"

100 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


kd m
Software Review

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b,fbufu Tool Bar xJrSm Auto
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2009 atmufwb
kd m ? uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 101
Interview

Interview
iPhone jzpfay:vmrI tajc
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Moavmufp&m aumif;vSyg
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102 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
Interview

okH;pGJrIu t&rf;udk rsm;jym; awG ; ac:Mu? jiif ; ck H M ueJ Y y J


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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 103
Interview

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a&G;cs,frI jyKvkyfxm;cJhwm &Sdaeygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYu

104 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
Interview

w,f/ xdak cgif;aqmifawGxrJ S cufcJvSygw,f/ uRefawmf


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vnf; iPod qdkwmav; jzpf

2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 105
Interview

udk,fykdif operating system wdkYrSm ukd,fykdif operating wuf v mw,f / tp&S d w J h story crisis vkdY ac:cJhw,f/
wpfck&JUtusKd;tjrwfudk odyg& system wpfckr&Sd&if tckvdk taMumif;t&mawGudk tpnf; aemufxyfvnf; olYvdk vkyf
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uRef a wmf w d k Y taeeJ Y tao;pdwfwkdifyif aqG;aEG;rI rarQmfvifhawmhygbl;/ tcsdef
Microsoft wdkY? Dell wdkY? HP tywfpOf wevFmaeY tpnf; jyK&ygw,f/ tJ't D pnf;ta0; awG ukefjyD; tvkyfrjzpfwJh
wd k Y tygt0if tjcm;aom ta0;twGuf b,fvdkjyifqifrI rSm 0efxrf;awG tm;vHk;u t&mayrJ h tawG U tMuH K u
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udk ajymjywmyg/

106 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
Interview

qHk;rSmawmh Mac udk vl ynmawGudk vkyfvkdY &w,fvdkY txl;a&G;cs,fjyD; zGifhvSpfxm;


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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 107
Interview

ygw,f/ vuf&SdrSmu tajccH onfhhandset xkwfvkyfolrS


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108 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

ESpf 40 jynfh tifwmeuf


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TOP 5 Smartphones












Nokia N95 RIM BlackBerry RIM BlackBerry RIM BlackBerry Palm Centro



549 a':vm Curve 8300 8820 8830 aps;EIef;r&ao;


Editor Rating 8.0 Editor Rating 7.0


220 a':vm 279 a':vm aps;EIef;r&ao;


Editor Rating 8.0 Editor Rating 7.7 Editor Rating 7.7


Specs: Specs:


AT & T/T-Mobile Sprint


Specs: Specs: Specs:


GSM 850/900/1800/ AT & T AT & T Verizon/Sprint CDMA 850/1900


1900 GSM 850/900/1800/ EVDO


GSM 850/900/1800/ dual-mode CDMA
HSDPA 64 MB memory


1900 1900 850/1900/GSM 900/


128 MB memory EDGE EDGE 1800 Palm OS


Symbian OS


Intel Xscale CPU 64 MB memory Intel Xscale CPU


64 MB memory BlackBerry handheld 64 MB memory ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf


BlackBerry handheld software BlackBerry handheld


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○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

112 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
TOP 5 Cell Phones













Nokia 5300 Motorola Razr 2 Sony Ericsson Apple iPhone LG Chocolate




Xpress Music V9m W580i 399 a':vm VX 8550



aps;EIef;r&ao; aps;EIef;r&ao; Editor Rating 7.9



aps;EIef;r&ao; aps;EIef;r&ao;



Editor Rating 8.3 Edition Rating 8.0 Editor Rating 8.0 Editor Rating 7.7



Specs



AT & T Wireless



Specs Specs Specs Specs



T-Mobile Sprint AT & T wireless GSM 850/1800/1900 Verizon Wireless



GS M 850/900/1800/ CDMA 2000 1X EDGE


GSM 850/1800/1900 CDMA 2000 1X


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1900 1900/800 EDGE 1900/800



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2009 atmufwb
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Art of Game

CALL OF JUAREZ: BOUND IN BLOOD


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awGeJYtwl a&mufoGm;vdrfh nDtpfudkESpfa,mufudk EdkifiH Price : Rs 999
r,f/ awmf opömazmufolawGvdkY Publisher : Ubisoft
Call of Juarez: Bound owfrSwfjyD; tjywf&Sif;ypfzdkY Developer : Techland
in Blood (BiB) *d r f ; [m trd e f Y ay;xm;w,f / *d r f ; Distributor : Express Interactive
2007 ckESpfu jzefYcsdcJhwJh Call upm;pOftwGif;rSm nDtpfudk Phone : 022-29661017
of Juarez *drf;&JU aemufquf ESpfa,muf[m olwdkY&JU vkyf Email : info@expressgames.in
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2009 atmufwb
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Art of Game

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2009 atmufwb
kd m ? uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 121
Art of Game

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122 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


kd m
Art of Game

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2009 atmufwb
kd m ? uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 123
Art of Game

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124 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


kd m
Photoshop

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126 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


kd m
Photoshop

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128 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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Microsoft Excel

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2009 atmufwb
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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

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aygif;udk Ekwfay;vdrfhr,f/ Formula udk
zwfMunfhwJhtcg "=C2-D2" vdkY awGU&
vdrfhr,f/ pm&if;rS item awG xyfxnfh
vnf; pm&if;wpfckvHk;MuD; taetxm;
uae jyefwGufjyD; formula twdkif;
vkyfay;rSmjzpfw,f/

6
rd r d & J U spreadsheet xJ r S m
&SdaejyD;wJh row &Spfckxufausmf

4
Cell D2 xJ u d k AutoSum jyD; data wcsKdUudk qufxnfhvdk
function udk ul;,lzYkd Fill Han- ao;w,fqdk&if tqifh 1 vkyfcJhpOfu
dle udk toH;k jyKEdi
k jf yD jzpfw,f/ olY&JU range udk uefYowfxm;vdkufwJh
Cell C2 &JU nmbufatmufaxmifhuae twGufaMumifh SUM function xJrSm
click vkyjf yD; D2 qDukd qG, J o l mG ;&w,f/ tusKH;r0ifapay/ Formula udk xyfrH
Excel u function ul;,lvu kd jf yD; oH;k aiG wnf;jzwfjyKjyifzdkY cell C2 ay:udk click
xJudk xyfjznfhay;vdkufw,f/ pkpkaygif; ESpfcsufvkyfyg/ C4 uae C8 txd tjym
udkawmh cell D2 rSm jyay;vdrfhr,f/ a&mif abmifvdkif;av; ay:vmvdrfhr,f/
Formula Bar udk Munfhvdkufr,fqdk&if av;axmifhuGufav;&JU axmifhudk click
awmh = SUM (D4:D8) vdkY awGU&yg vky&f if; drag vkyu f m formula &JU range
vdrfhr,f/ udk csJU,lEdkifw,f/ tqifh 4 rSm vkyfcJhwJh
twdik ;f formula topfukd cell D2 qDukd
aumfyDvkyf&ygr,f/

Quick Printing
Key Word rdrd spreadsheet &JU a&G;cs,fxm;jyD;wJhtydkif; udk tvsiftjref
Radio y&ifhxkwf,lcsifw,fqdk&if rdrd y&ifhxkwfvdkwJh cell
button qdkwm awG&JUtwdkif;twmudk clicking eJY drag-
dialogue box ging vkyf,ljyD; highlight vkyfay;&w,f/
wpfcktwGif;u jyD;&if Office cvkwfudk a&G;vdkufjyD; Print
option wpf c k udk ESdyf½HkygyJ/ "Print what" atmufu
qDudkoGm;zdkY puf0dkif;ao;ao;av;jzpf Selection option udka&G;? Preview button
w,f/ 'D option udka&G;zdkY puf0dkif;av;udk udk click vkyfjcif; tm;jzifh rdrdy&ifhxkwfr,fh
click vkyfvdkuf&if dot av;awG ay:vm twdkif;twmudk ppfaq;Edkifao;w,f/
vdrfhr,f/ 'D option udk jyefydwfvdk&if pdwfMudKufjzpfjyDqdk&ifawmh Print cvkwfudk
xyfjyD; click vkyfvdkuf½HkygyJ/ ESdyfvdkuf½HkygyJ/

130 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

Print Your Work


Excel taeeJY cell awG&JU axmifvdkuf? tvsm;vdkuf grid MuD;udk jyqdkxm;csuf&JU t"dyÜm,fu rdrd y&ifhvkyfvdkwJh {&d,mvdkY
owfrSwfay;xm;wmr[kwf? page wpfcktjzpf layout b,fvdkvkyfrvJqdkwmyJ nTef;ygw,f/ 'DtwGuf a&G;cs,fxm;wJh puúL
t&G,ftpm;rSm rdrd&JU data awG xnfh,lEdkifapzdkY tultnDay;r,fh built- in tool awG wpfyHkwpfyifygwJh Print Preview
0if;'dk;udk toHk;cs&ygw,f/

rpwifrD
Excel taeeJY rdrd y&ifx
h w
k vf w
kd hJ rdr&d UJ spreadsheet &JU bits twdik ;f twmudk odvw kd ,f/ 'gaMumifh tvGwf
spreadsheet wpfct k wGi;f data wcsKdu U kd xnfo
h iG ;f jy;D wmeJY rdryd &ifx
h w
k v
f w
kd hJ twdik ;f twmudk a&G;cs,fay;&w,f/

2
Page Setup dialogue box udk
zGifh,lzdkY Page Setup cvkwfudk
click vkyfyg/ 'Dae&mrSm rdrd y&ifh

1
Page Layout tab ud k click

3
vkyf,lr,fh twdkif;twm a&G;cs,fcsufudk Column awG t rsm; MuD; eJY
vkyfjyD; Page Setup xJu Print
ajymif;vJ&mrSm toHk;jyKEdkifw,f/ Page cif;usif;xm;wJh data awGqdk&if
Area qdw k mudk xyfEydS yf g/ jyD;&if
tab ay:ESdyfjyD; puúLt&G,ftpm; a&G;cs,f Landscape udk click vkyfjyD;
Set Print Area udk a&G;,l&w,f/ aemuf
zdYkjyifqif&w,f/ usvmwJh menu av;xJ Orientation tyd k i f ; twG i f ; u radio
Office cvkwfudk xyfESdyfjyD; Print Pre-
u Paper size udk a&G;cs,fzdkYjzpfw,f/ button udk option taeeJYxnfhoHk;Edkif
view udkac:,lyg/ 'DtcgrSm rdrdy&ifh
omreftm;jzifh A4 t&G,t f pm;udk a&G;Mu w,f/ tvsm;vdkuf taetxm; us,f
vkyf,lvdkwJh twdkif;twmudk Munfh½I
rSmjzpfw,f/ wjcm;t&G,t f pm;udk a&G;vdk oGm;jyD; column awG ydkjyD; 0ifqHhoGm;ap
ppfaq;Edkifw,f/ vdktyf&if Zoom udk
uvnf; ajymif;a&G;,lEdkifw,f/ w,f/ jyD;&if OK udEk ydS jf yD;Print Preview
ESdyfjyD; teD;uyfMunfhvdkY&ao;w,f/
qDudk jyefoGm;&w,f/ 'DtcgrSm rdrd&JU
vuf&SdjrifawGUae&wJh page &JU atmuf
y&ifhxkwfr,fh taetxm;auseyfrI &Sd?
bufudkjzpfjzpf? Page &JU nmbufudkjzpf
r&Sd ppfaq;Edik w
f ,f/ qufajymif;csifao;
jzpf page awGudk qufvufMunfhvdkao;
w,fqdk&ifawmh Page Setup udk click
w,fqdk&if Next Page udk ESdyfvdkufjcif;
vkyfjyD; xyfcsdef,lEdkifw,f/
tm;jzifh default u jyoay;vdrfhr,f/
Page awGudk yxrqHk; cif;jyygr,f/
jyD;aemuf tm;vH;k udk Munf½h pI pfaq;Edik yf g
jyD/

2009 atmufwb
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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

5
wu,fvYkd rrd t d aeeJY y&ifx h wk vf kd
wJh {&d,mudk page &JU tv,f
wnfhwnfhtjzpf owfrSwfvdk
w,fqdk&if Print Preview xJu Page
Setup ay:udk click vkyfjyD; Margins
tab udk a&G;,lvu kd &f w,f/ Horizontally
eJY Vertically udk tick trSwftom;jyjyD;
csdef wG,, f El ikd w
f ,f/ 'DtcgrSm y&ifx h wk f
r,fhtae b,fvdk&Sdw,fqdkwm odEdkif
w,f/ ywfvnftaetxm;awGukad rrow

4
Excel rSm tvdt k avsmuf a&G;cs,f
xm;wJhdata awGudk 0ifqHhatmif av;awG txuf? atmufa&TU&if; wpfck
vkyaf y;Edik w
f hJ tvGet f oH;k 0ifvw S hJ csi;f csed w
f ,G jf yD; OK udEk ydS yf g/ jyD;&if Print

6
Preview 0if;'dk;qDudk jyefoGm;,l&w,f/
Print Preview rSm jrifawGU&wJh
tool wpf c k y gw,f / Print Preview
tajctaeudk auseyfjyDqdkwmeJY
0if;'dk;twGif;u page &JU tus,ftwdkif;
Print button udk ESy d ,
f ½l ykH &J w
dS ,f/
data awGukd 0ifqr hH ,fq&kd if Page Setup
'DtcgrSm Print Dialogue box ay:vm
ay: click vky?f Scaling abmifxu J Fit
jyD; rdrx
d wk rf ,fph mrsuEf mS ta&twGuu f kd
to rS page(s) wide by rSm 1 udka&G;,l&
a&G;ay;yg/ jyD;&if OK ESdyfyg/ rdrd y&ifh
w,f/ 'Dvykd J rdrd data awGu axmifvu kd f
xkwf,lr,fh 0if;'dk;qDudk jyefa&mufoGm;
taetxm;eJY trsm;pk 0ifqHhr,fqdk&if 1
ygvdrfhr,f/
udkyJ a&G;jyD; "tall" udk qufoGm;&ygr,f/
rSefuefwJh layout &zdkY setting vkyfwJh
ae&mrSm tavhtusi?hf tawGUtMuHK enf;
enf;awmhvdkw,f/

The Print Manager


Print button ESdyfjyD;rS y&ifhrxkwfawmhbl;vdkY pdwfajymif;oGm;cJh&if y&ifwmuae pjyD; rxkwfrcsif; command udk
zsufvdkY&w,f/Desktop ay:u System Tray xJrSm printer icon ay:aeygvdrfhr,f/ tJ'gudk click ESpfcsufqufwdkuf ESdyf,ljyD;
rdrdrxkwfvdkwJh page udka&G;um Document menu uae Cancel udk a&G;ESdyf ay;vdkuf&w,f/ wcsKdUy&ifwmawGrSm
udk,fydkifaqmhzf0J &Sdwwfw,f/ tJ'Daqmhzf0J&JU tao;pdwf vrf;nTeftwdkif; aqmif&GufvkyfudkifEdkifw,f/

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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

Cut, Copy and Paste


Excel &JU Cut, Copy eJY Paste tool awGeJY Office Clipboard udk toHk;jyKjcif;tm;jzifh rdrd spreadsheet rSm&SdaewJh ta&
twGufjy blocks jzpfjzpf? text jzpfjzpfudk tvG,fwul tvsiftjref a&TUajymif;,lEdkifw,f/ Formula wpfckudk aumfyDul;,ljyD;
cell awmfawmfrsm;rsm;xJudk paste vkyf,ljcif;tm;jzifh tvdktavsmuf reference taetxm; ajymif;oGm;apw,f/ Multiple
cell awGrSm wlnDwJh formula eJY xnfhoGif;vdkwJhtcg tcsdefukef oufomoGm;apw,f/

rpwifrD
Cell B3, C3, D3 awGrmS Jan, Feb, March vtrnfawG xnf,
h yl g/ jy;D &if column acgi;f pOfwpfcpk aD tmufrS
prf;oyfjyD; data awGudk ½dkufoGif;MunfhEdkifw,f/

2
aumfyDvkyfr,fhtpm; data awGudk
a&TU,lcsifw,fqdk&if"Cut" com-
mand eJY oHk;Edkifygw,f/ rdrdu
data udk Cut command vkyfwJhtcg
spreadsheet ay:u rlvae&mrSm rdrd
taeeJY Paste ay: rSm click rvkyfrcsif;
wnf&adS eygvdrhf r,f/ Paste vkyjf yD;wmeJY
rlvae&mrSm tjyD;tydkif z,fxkwfjyD; jzpf
oGm;apw,f/ rdrd spreadsheet xJu

1
Cell B2 udk a&G;jyD; B4 uae
row wpfcc k x
k u
J data tm;vH;k udk a&TUr,f

3
twdkif;twmtwGif; pkpkaygif;udk Cut yJ vkyv
f yk ?f copy yJ vkyv
f yk ?f
xnfhoGif;EdkifzdkY AutoSum fun- qdk&ifawmh B2 uae D6 twdkif;twm Microsoft Office xJ r S m
ction wpfckudk xnfh&w,f/ Editing txd select vkyf? Clipboard group Clipboard ay:&Sdaewwfw,f/
group twGif;u AutoSum cvkwfudk xJu Cut ay:udk click vkyf&w,f/ rdrdwdkYtaeeJY tJ'Dae&mrSm items aygif;
click vkyfjyD;&if cell B4 uae B6 udk tJ'Daemuf cell B3 udk select vkyfjyD; 24 ck txd xm;&SdEdkifw,f/ wu,fvdkY
select vkyfay;zdkY click and drag udk Paste ay: click vkyf& r,f/ Copy data 24 xufydk&if a&SUtusqHk; item u
toHk;cs&w,f/ jyD;&if Return udk ESdyf& jzpfjzpf? Cut data jzpfjzpf Paste udk click tvdkvdkaysmufoGm;rSmjzpfw,f/ Clip-
r,f/ tajzu cell B2 twGif; ay:vm vkyw f t
hJ cg a&G;xm;cJw
h hJ cell udyk J ud;k um; board udkMunfhzdkY Clipboard tkyfpk&JU
apw,f/ tJ'Daemuf Clipboard group jyD; paste vkyfwwfw,fqdkwmudk rSwf nmbufaxmifhrSm&SdwJh Clipboard laun-
xJu Copy button udk ESdyfay;yg/ Cell om;xm;&ygr,f/ 'DvkyfcsufrSmawmh cher udk click vkyf&w,f/ 'Dtcg 0if;'dk;
B2 ywfvnfrmS tpufvi kd ;f wpfcv
k kd jrif& a&G;xm;wJh cell u B3 jzpfw,f/ &JU b,fbufjcrf;ay:u Task Pane xJrmS
ygvdrfhr,f/ Cell C2 uae D2 txd ay:vmvdrrhf ,f/ wjcm; Office program
select vkyf? Paste button udk ESdyfvdkuf& awGu t&mawGtygt0if copy vkyx f m;
w,f/ Excel u tvsm;vdkufjzwfjyD; rdrd csuf a wG ? cut vk y f x m;csuf a wG u d k
function udk paste vkyaf y;? n§ad y;w,f/ review vkyfEdkifw,f/ jyD;&if MudKufwJh
'gaMumifh oufqdkifwJh column awG ae&mrSm paste vkyf,l&w,f/ Spread-
twGif;rSm cell awGudk xyfjznfhay;vdkuf sheet xJu cell ud k select vk y f j yD ;
w,f/ Clipboard uae click vkyx f m;wJh item
awGtay: paste vkyf,lapw,f/

2009 atmufwb
kd m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 133
uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

Contextual menu
Clipboard tkyfpkxJu button awG
udk toHk;jyKr,fhtpm; cut, copy, paste
vkyfief;pOfawGudk contextual menu
ay:u option awGeJY toHk;csEdkifw,f/
armufpfudk right-click ESdyfvdkufwJhtcg
usvmwJh drop-down menu xJu rdrd
toHk;jyKvdkwJh option udk toHk;cs,lEdkif
w,f/ aemufwpfenf;uawmh Ctrl key
eJYwGJjyD; X key udkESdyf&if cut taeeJY
oHk;EdkifjyD; C key eJYwGJjyD; copy taeeJY
oHk;Edkifw,f/ Paste twGufvnf; Ctrl
key eJY V udk wGJESdyfjyD; oHk;Edkifw,f/

4
Excel xJu copying eJY pasting wdkY&JUtusKd;qufawGu formatting tm;
vHk;eJY cell content awG ul;xnfhxm;wJh format awGtwGufyg toHk;cs
Edkifapw,f/ b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf Paste Special feature udk toHk;csjyD; vdktyfwJh
data udk twdtus a&G;cs,fvkyfudkifEdkifw,f/ OyrmtaeeJY format awG twGufom
paste vkyfzdkY a&G;cs,fcGifh&Sdw,f/ Paste atmufu arrow av;ay: click vkyfjyD;
Paste Special udk a&G;,l&w,f/ tJ'Daemuf radio button eJY tick box awG oHk;jyD;
paste vkyf,lapr,fh rdrd data udk formatting vkyfp&mrvdkbJ formulas pastes
eJYwif vkyfudkif&w,f/ 'Value' paste uawmh formulas u&wJh result omjzpfw,f/
Comments paste awGu cell comment wpfckudk jzpfapw,f/ Transpose u
column wpfcu k ae row wpfcu k kd ajymif;,lovdk tjyeftvSev
f nf; ajymif;vdYk &w,f/

uRrf;usifolawG&JUtMuHjyKcsuf
Excel taeeJY cell awG&JU range udk ajymif;vJjcif; rjyKapbJ paste vkyfzdkY for-
mula wpfckudk oHk;vdkMuygvdrfhr,f/ Oyrmtm;jzifh toHk;jyKoltaeeJY vuf&Sd VAT
rate yg0ifaecJh&if cell A1 udk tjrJvdkvdk refer vkyfvdkMurSmjzpfw,f/ Formula rSm
pmeJY *Pef;awG ESpfckvHk;&JUa&SUrSm $ oauFwudk xnfhavh&Sdw,f/ $A$1 yHkpH jzpfw,f/
'Dvdkvkyfay;vdkufwJhtwGuf b,fae&mrSmrqdk formula udk paste vkyf,lEdkifw,f/
'DvdkowfrSwfwJh cell udk wGufcsufay;apwJhoabmjzpfw,f/

qufvufazmfjyygOD;r,f/
0if;pH

134 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

Adding Transitions
,ckv oifcef;pmwGivf ideo file odYkr[kwf 6. Video 1 track rS file tpae&mwGif
image wpfckESifhwpfckMum; yHkpHajymif;vJ Edit line udkxm;yg/ Program view
jcif; (Transition) effect toHk;jyKyHkrsm; rS Set In point button wGif click
udk tao;pdwfavhvm&rSmjzpfygw,f/ ESdyfyg/ ae&mwpfcktaejzifh owfrSwf
1. Adobe premiere pro xJodkY0ifí jcif;jzpfygw,f/ Video 2 track rS file
project topfwpfck ,lay;yg/ Tran- tqHk;wGif Edit line xm;í program
sition vkyfief;udk pwifavhvmMunfh view ü set out point button wGif
ygr,f/ yxrOD;qHk;taejzifh toHk;jyK click ESyd yf g/
vdkaom Transition udk Default tae 4. Transition Duration udk pdwfwkdif;us
jzifh owfrSwfMunfhygr,f/ owfrw S Mf unfyh gr,f/ Edit > Prefer-
ences> General udka&G;yg/ Transi-
2. Effects window r&Sdygu Window tion Default Duration wGi3f 0 frames
> Effects udk a&G;yg/ Video Transi- udk jrifawGU&ygr,f/ Transition Du-
tions udk zGifhcsay;yg/ Transition ration wGif 2 puúefYMumcsifygu 60
folder rsm;xJrS effect wpfckudk se- frames owfrw S af y;&ygr,f/ 1 puúeYf
lect vkyfay; Ekdifygw,f/ Dissolve wGif Frame aygif; 30 &Sdygw,f/ 3
folder rS Cross Dissolve udk select puúefYjzpfcsifygu frames 90 jzpf&yg
vkyfyg/ Effects window rS menu r,f/ 60 ½dkufxnfhí OK wGif click
wGif "set selected as Default Tran- ESdyfyg/
sition" udak &G;yg/ teDa&miftuGujf zifh
owfrSwfoGm;ygr,f/

3. owfrSwfxm;aom Cross Dissolve


effect udk toHk;jyKMunfhygr,f/ File
> Import jzifh toHk;jyKvdkaom video 5.Timeline xJrS video 2 track &JU tqH;k 7.Timeline xJrS owfrw S x
f m;aomae&m
file odkYr[kwf image file ESpfckudk em;ESihf video 1 track &JU tprSwaf e&m wGif Edit line udkxm;í Sequence >
project panel xJodkY ac:xnfhay;yg/ wGif ajymif;vJjcif; (Transition) owf Apply video Transition udka&G;yg/
File ESpfckudk azmfjyygtwkdif; video 1 rSwf&eftwGuf In point ESifh out File ESpfckMum;wGif Cross Dissolve
ESifh 2 track xJodkY qGJxnfhay;yg/ point owfrSwfMunfhygr,f/ Transition udk xnfhay;oGm;ygr,f/
Transition ae&mwG i f Edit line

2009 atmufwb
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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

ud k a &T U í preview Munf h a y;yg/


yxryHkrSdefí 'kwd,yHk vif;vmaom
ajymif;vJrIudk jrifawGU&ygr,f/

10.xnfhxm;aom Transition &JU Du-


12.Transition setting rsm;eJYywfouf
ration udk jyifMunfhygr,f/ nmbuf
jyD; qufvufavhvmMunfhyg/ yxr
8. Transition effect rsm;udk aemufxyf wGif&Sdaom Tools panel rS Selection
qH;k taejzifh Transition effect rsm;udk
yHkpHwpfrsKd;jzifh xnfhoGif;toHk;jyKMunhf Tool udk a&G;xm;yg/ Roll way .Tran-
vJv, S í
f xnfMh unfyh gr,f/Effects>
ygr,f/ Timeline xJrS Cross Dis- sition a&SUem;wGif mouse pointer
video Transitions > Iris rS Iris Box
solve Transition udk select vkyfyg/ wifay;yg/ E yHkpH jrm;acgif;jrif&yg
effect udk zdqíJG Timeline xJrS Tran-
Delete key ESdyfí zsufay;yg/ Video rnf/ Mouse udzk í d Drag qGMJ unfyh g/
sition ay:odkY qGJxnfhay;yg/ Pre-
Transition folder atmufrS Page qGxJ m;wJah e&may:rlwnfí Duration
view Munfhay;yg/
Pael udk zGifhcs ay;yg/ Center Peel rSm vkdufajymif;aeygvdrhfr,f/ Tran-
effect ud k video 2 track rS file sition tqHk;em;wGifxm;ívnf; Du-
aemuf e m;wG i f mouse pointer ration udk jrifEkdifygw,f/
a&mufwJhtxd Drag qGJxnfhay; yg/
Preview Munfhay;yg/

13.Iris Box Transition ay:wGif ESpc f suf


ES d y f a y;yg/ Effect controls wG i f
Transition setting rsm; jrif&ygr,f/
11.Roll Away Transition ESifhywfouf Alignment ab;rS down arrow wGif
jyD; setting rsm;udk jyifMunfhygr,f/ click ESdyfMunfhyg/ Center at Cut/
Timeline rS Roll Away ay:wGif Start at Cut/ End at Cut okH;rsKd;
ESpfcsufESdyfay;yg/ Effect controls jrifawGU&ygr,f/ Start at Cut udk
wGif setting rsm;udk jrif&ygr,f/ Pre- a&G;yg/ Timeline xJrS Transition
view MunfhwJhtwkdif; e*dk file rsm; ae&mudk MunfhMunfhyg/ 'kwd,yHktp
jrifcsifygu show Actual Sources wGif Iris Box Transion ae&m ajymif;
ae&mwGif trSejf cpfxm;ay;yg/ atmuf oGm;ygrnf/ End at Cut udk a&G;yg/
9.aemufxyfyHkpHwpfrsKd; jyKvkyfMunfhyg azmf j yygyH k t wk d i f ; setting rsm;ud k yxryH&k UJ tqH;k wGif Transition udk jrif
r,f/ Center Peel effect udk zsufay; avhvmay;yg/ awGU&ygrnf/ Center at Cut qdkvQif
yg/ Video 1 track rS file udk video 2 A. Preview button B. Transition yHkESpfcktv,fwGif jrifawGU&ygrnf/
track file aemufodkY a&TUay;yg/ Page Preview C.Edge selector D. Pre-
pael xJrS Roll Away udk video 2 views E.Start/ end frames sliders
track rS file ESpc
f Mk um;odYk qGx
J nfah y;yg/ F.Options
Preview Munfhay;yg/

136 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

14. Iris Box Transition &JUae&mudk 16.Image Mask transition udk video
ajymif;Munfhygr,f/ Effect Controls 2 track &Sd yHkaemufwGif xnfhay;yg/
panel rS A ae&mwGif&Sdaom puf0kdif; Image Mask setting box usvm
trSwfudk nmbuftay:odkY qGJa&TUay; ygvdrfhr,f/ OK wGif click ESdyfyg/
yg/ Preview Munfhay;yg/ Iris Box Transition ae&mudk preview Munfh
Transistion rS m tay:nmbuf r S ay;yg/ Video 2 rS yHkrSm video 1
ay:vmygvdrfhr,f/ txufygtwkdif; yHt
k wGi;f wGif jrifawGU&ygr,f/ jrifcsif
Transistion &JUae&mudk vdo k vdak jymif; wJh shape yHkpHudkvnf; ajymif;vJowf
a&TUEkdifjyD; Border color ESifh width rSwfEkdifygw,f/ Image mask tran-
wdkYudkvnf; toHk;jyKEkdifygw,f/ sition wGif ESpc f sufEydS af y;yg/ Effects
panel rS custom button wGif ESdyfyg/
Select Image wGifESdyfí vdkcsifaom
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rsm;udk toHk;jyKí Photo Album
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yHkrsm;udk video 2 ESifh 1 wGif tay:
atmufpDxm;í xnfhEkdifovdk ab;
csif;,SOfívnf; transition rsm;udk
vdo k vdk toH;k jyKMunfyh g/ File > Save
15. Image A rSyu kH kd image B twGi;f ay: jzifh odrf;ay;yg/
ap&eftwGuf Mask transition udk rsK;d rif;xGe;f
toH k ; jyKEk d i f y gw,f / Transition
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yHkrsm;udk pDxm;yg/ Effect panel rS
Video edit aqmhz0 fv
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kd u
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f meJY Adobe Premiere udyk J rsupf x
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w,f/ Video edit eJY txl;jyKvkyfcsufrsm;twGuf vdktyfr,fxifvdkY emrnf&xm;wJh
ukd jrifawGU&ygr,f/
aqmhzf0J 10 rsKd;udk rdwfqufay;vdkygw,f/
1. CyberLink PowerDirector $69.95
2. Corel VideoStudio $69.95
3. Adobe Premiere Elements $79.99
4. Magix Movie Edit Pro $89.99
5. Sony Vegas Movie Studio Platinum $73.99
6. Pinnacle Studio $79.99
7. ShowBiz DVD $99.99
8. Roxio Creator 2009 $79.99
9. Corel DVD Movie Factory $59.99
10. Nero $43.49
¤if;wdYk onf wefz;kd csif; odyrf uGmovdk vkyaf qmifcsufrsm;vnf; ruGmjcm;vSyg/
Video Capture/Playback, Editing Tools, Export/Production, Editing Effects/
Transistions, Disc Creation, Audio and Photo Editing, View Specification
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oyfoHk;Munhfoifhygw,f/

2009 atmufwb
kd m ? uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 137
Q &A

uGeyf sLwm tar;? tajz


zdv
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tjref wnfaqmuf&atmif ½dkufEdkifygw,f/ md onf make di-
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zdkvf'gwpfck wnfaqmuf&wmudk r[kwf zdkvf'gjyKvkyfjcif;udk qdkvdkyg
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zdkvf'gta&twGuf 50 avmufudk wnf trnfrsm; jzpfygw,f/ rdrday;csifwJh
aqmufzdkY&m New\Folder uae wpfck trnfukd ay;Edik jf yD; zdv
k 'f gta&twGuf
csif; vkyfae&&if tcsdefukefjyD; tvkyfrsm; udk MudKufoavmuf ½du k x f nfyh g/ 'gqdk
three vdYk ½du
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orQ enf;vrf;rsm;udk a&;vdkufygw,f/ folder odkY a&muf&if md one two

enf;vrf; (2)
enf;vrf; (1)
- Notepad udk zGifhyg/
- Start\Run (box) rSm cmd vdkY ½dkuf
@echo off.
xnfhyg/
set p name="Type folder
- Command Prompt ay:vmygr,f/
name(s)"
md %1\%name%
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Oyrmtm;jzifh make_dir.cmd vdkY ay;
jyD; save vkyfvdkufyg/ zdkif extension
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138 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
uG e f y sLwmtar;tajz

view 4. For more troubleshooting


tips, visit the help center vdkY pmawG
jyaeygw,f/ Gmail yGifhjyef&ifvnf;
error box ay:ygw,f/

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view udk uvpfvkyfjyD; zGifhMunhfyg/ ¤if; cap (box) jyefzi
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taeeJY zdkvf'grsm;udk aumif;pGm wnf b,fvv kd yk &f r,fqw
kd m rodvYkd azmfjyay; - Apply, OK cvkwfrsm;udk EdSyfjyD; jyef
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- aemuf aqmhzf0Jwpfcku New Folder - My Computer udk zGifhjyD; C:\ xJu
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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 139
uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

display udk ajymif;jyD; oHk;aeygw,f/ uvpfEdSyfjyD; Personalize udk a&G;cs,f


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solution udEk rSd jhf yD;oH;k &if pmvH;k awG ydMk uD; 'Custom DPI' cvkwfudk oHk;jyD; t&G,f
vmwwfwmodvYkd ajymif;&mrSm CRT rSmvdk tpm;udk ajymif;Edik yf gw,f/ OK udk EdyS jf yD;
r[k w f b J tqif r ajyjzpf a eygw,f / uGefysLwmudk restart jyefvkyfvdkufyg/
zGifhyg/ Local Settings\Application Windows Clear-Type udkvnf; zGifhyg
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140 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


dk m
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2009 atmufwb
dk m ?uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 141
uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

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,ck tqif h (3) od k Y
a&mufaeygrnf/ 'Use an
existing list' udk a&G;cs,fyg/
¤if;atmufrS Browse (link)
udk uvpfvkyfyg/
'Select Data Source'

2009 atmufwb
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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

merge template ud k jyif ab;rS Mwd * H yH k w H k ; av;ud k


&efjzpfonf/ Template wGif uvpfEySd yf gu jyu©'ed af y:vm
Address Block ESifh Greet- ygrnf/ ¤if;rS aeYpGJudk ,lEdkif
ing Line (fields) wdYk ukd xnfh onf/ tawGUtMuHK rsm;vm
&ygrnf/ ¤if;twGuf oif\
pmrsufESmwGif jyifEdkifovdk
pane xJ&dS Address Block
ESifh Greeting Line wdkYudk
uvpfvyk jf cif;jzifv h nf; xnfh
Edkifonf/ tjcm; item rsm;udk
vnf; awGUEdik yf gonf/ Mail-
ings (ribbon) &dS Write &
Insert Fields tkyp f w
k iG v
f nf;
awGUEdkifonf/
Template wGif vdktyf
onfrsm;udk jyifqifyg/ uGif;
cwfxm;aom ae&mrsm;onf
mail merge (link) twGuf
jzpfjyD; ¤if;ae&mudk high-
light vkyjf yD; xnfv h okd nfh pm
om;udk a&;xnfhEdkifonf/
aumfyu D ;l xnfEh ikd o
f nf/ Date
ae&mudk high-light vkyfjyD;

(box) ay:vmygrnf/ oif\ xdktcg rnfonfh table


tcsuftvufrsm; odrf;xm; oH k ; rnf q d k o nf u d k Select
onfh ae&modkY nTefvdkufyg/ Table (dialog box) ay:vm
,ck oifcef;pmtwGuf vdypf m ygrnf/ ¤if;wGif OK udk EdSyf
pm&if;udk excel jzifh wnf yg/
aqmufjyD; toHk;jyKxm;yg Mail Merge Reci-
onf/ ¤if;wGif Title, First pients (box) ay:vmygrnf/
Name, Last Name, Street, ¤if;wGif tm;vHk;udk zdwfrSm
City, State, Zip qdkjyD; qJvf vm;? rnfoludk rzdwfbJxm;
uGufrsm;eJY trnf? vdyfpmudk rnf ponfjzifh check box
zGJUpnf;a&;om;xm;ygonf/ udk trSwfjcpfay;jcif;jzifh a&G;
¤if;udk mail merge reci- cs,fEikd o
f nf/ xdYk twl vdypf m
pients [k qdkygonf/ pm&if;udk sort vkyfEdkifonf/
oifhtaeESifh ¤if;yHkpHrsKd; ppfaq;MunfEh ikd o f nf/ trnf
ygonfh vdyfpm pm&if;zdkifudk wl &S m Ed k i f y gonf / Next:
MudKwifa&;xm;&ygrnf/ Write your letter cvkwfudk
,ck Excel (Mail EdSyfyg/
MergeList.xls) zdik &f w
Sd hJ ae&m ,ck tqif h (4) od k Y
udk nTef;ay;vdkufyg/ a&mufygjyD/ ¤if;wGif mail

148 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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onfESifhtrQ vsifjrefpGm jyK tqHk; owf Edkif yg onf/


vkyfEdkifygvdrfhrnf/ Next: tm;vHk; tqifhajcmufqifh
Preview your letter udk EdSyf awGU& ygrnf/ tqifh 6 wGif
yg/ pmwpfapmifcsif;udk jyifEdkifjyD;
Preview wGif oif ydkY y&ifhxkwf,lEdkifonf/
rnfh vdyfpm&Sifrsm;twGuf pm
tm;vHk;udk awGUEdkifygonf/ Field rsm;udk rSeu
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Pane xJ & d S Recipient \ a&G;cs,fjcif;
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xm;onfh vdypf m&Sit f m;vH;k udk uvpfvkyfzGifhonfhtcg In-
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jyD;pD;onfhtcg Next: Com- a&;rSmvm; ponfjzpfonf/
plete the merge udkEdSyfjyD; ¤if;wGif format wpfrsKd;udk

Mail Merge Wizard aemufq;kH tqifw h iG f oifonf y&ifwmodYk


ydrYk nfvm; odrYk [kwf tjcm; Word document tjzpf
ajymif;jy;D odr;f rnfvm;qdo
k nfukd a&G;cs,fEikd o
f nf/

a&G;cs,fjcif;jzifh tjcm; vdypf m cvkwfudk zGifhjyD; yHkrSeftwdkif;


tm;vH;k wGif twlwal jymif;ay; Save As ud k a&G ; cs,f j yD ;
ygvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;wGif Match trnfay;odrf;&ef jzpfonf/
Fields cvkwu f kd EdyS Mf unhyf g/ Default file format onf
Match Fields (box) ay:vm .docx jzpfonf/ tjcm; for-
ygrnf/ ¤if;wGif trnfESifh mat topf wpfckrSm XML
vdyfpmudk a&;om;&mü yHkpHus? formats jzpfonf/ vdktyf
rusudk ppfaq;EdkifjyD; mail vQif Word 97-2003 odYkvnf;
merge ESihf qufo, G rf I &d?S r&dS ajymif;jyD; odrf;Edkifygonf/
udk MunhfEdkifonf/

Save vkyo
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tqdyk g mail merge vkyf
ief;pOfudk save vkyfodrf;xm;
Ed k i f o nf / Office button

2009 atmufwb
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Java

Java Developer Guide


8.6 WRITE A JAVA PROGRAM CODE_LINE AND DELETE DATA TO DATABASE SOURCE FILE

jyD;cJhwJh ta&SUoifcef;pmawGrSmawmh DataBase System * FROM Record");


awGudk a&;om;NyD;awmhrS? vufawGU zefwD; a&;om;NyD;awmhrS 15:
csdwq f uftvkyv f yk cf MhJ uNyD;ygNyD/ DataBase File udk t&ifwnf 16: System.out.println("\n\tEntry Record is Deleted
aqmufNyD;awmhrS xnfhoGif;xm;wJh Record awGudk jyefvnf ...........\n\n");
zwf½IEdkifatmiftwGuf Read Data vkyfEdkifatmifjzpfap? 'grS 17:
r[kwf Record topfawGudk xyfrHjznfhpGufEdkifzdkYtwGuf qdk&if 18:
awmh Insert Data vkyfEdkifatmifjzpfap Program a&;om;jyD; 19:
awmhrS zefwD; wnfaqmufjycJhNyD;ygjyD/ tckoifcef;pmrSmawmh 20: r.absolute(3);
wnfaqmufxm;wJh Record_ Table xJuaeNyD;awmhrS rvdkcsif 21: r.deleteRow(8,3);
awmhwJh Data awGudk zsufypfcsif w,fqdk&ifa&m jzpfEdkifrvm;/ 22:
odyu f kd jzpfEikd w
f mayghaemf/ 'Dawmh odyNf yD;awmhrS taxGtxl; 23:
&Sif;jyraeawmhygbl;/ atmufrSma&;jyxm;wJh Listing 8.4 udkyJ 24:
avhvmMunfhvdkufygvm;/ 25:
26: System.out.println("\tRecord Table Row
Listing 8.4 Deleting DATA from the Record.mdb After Delete\n\n");
DataBase System 27:
1: import java.sql.*; 28: while(r.previous())
2: public class DeleteDATA{ 29: {
3: 30: String Name = r.getString(1);
4: public static void main(String args[])throws SQL- 31: String Phone = r.getString(2);
Exception{ 32: String Comments = r.getString(3);
5: 33: System.out.print(Name + "\t\t" +
6: String url="jdbc:odbc:PhoneRecord"; Phone + "\t" + Comments);
7: Connection c; 34: System.out.println("\n");
8: Statement s; 35:
9: 36: }
10: DriverManager.registerDriver(new sun.jdbc.odbc. 37: r.close();
JdbcOdbcDriver()); 38:
11: c = DriverManager.getConnection(url); 39: s.close();
12: s = c .createStatement (ResultSet.TYPE_ SCROLL_ 40:
SENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE); 41: c.close();
13: 42: }
14: ResultSet r = s.executeQuery( "SELECT 43: }

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Analysis w,fqdk&ifawmh trnfay;p&m rvdkygbl;/ pmzwfoludk,fwdkif


1/ 'D Program uawmh xnfhoGif;xm;wJh Data awGudk tck zefwD; wnfaqmufw,fqdk&ifawmh ay;&rJh File_Name u
vuf&Sd Program Code_Line udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmhrS zsuf DeleteDATA.java vdkY ay;&rSmygyJ/
ypfrSm jzpfygw,f/ 'Dawmh toHk;jyKaewJh Package File tJ'DhvdkrsKd; DeleteDATA.java vdkY trnfay;NyD;awmhrS
uawmh t&ifoifcef;pmrSm toHk;jyKcJhwJh Package File wnfaqmufxm;yHkudk Figure 8.35 taeeJY a&;om; azmfjyay;
awGyJjzpfwmrdkY odyfNyD;awmhrS &Sif;jyp&m rvdkawmhygbl;/ xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhvdkufygOD;/
toHk;jyKaewJh method awGuvnf; ta&SUoifcef;pmawG NyD;&ifawmh pmzwfoltaeeJU Command Prompt xJudk
rSm ydkYcsay;NyD;om;jzpfwJhtwGufaMumifh jyefvnfNyD;awmhrS 0ifNyD;awmhrS atmufyg Command udk toHk;jyKNyD;rS Direc-
r&Sif;jyay;awmhygbl;/ ta&;MuD;wJh tcsuftvufawGudk tory udk ajymif;vdkufyg/
yJ &Sif;jyay;ygawmhr,f/ tJ'guawmh vdkif;eHygwf (20)rSm
CD C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin>
a&;om;xm;cJhwJh r.absolute(3); qdkwJh method( ) &,f
vdkif;eHygwf (21) rSm a&;om;cJhwJh t"duuswJh method() uJ tJ'DhvdkrsKd; ajymif;vdkufNyDqdkwmeJY Command Prompt
jzpfwJh r.deleteRow(8,3); qdkwJh method( ) av;uom xJrmS ay:aewJh Command Prompt [m atmufygtwdik ;f ajymif;
trSefwu,f DataBase Record awGudk trSefwu,f oGm;NyDaygh/
zsufay;EdkifwJh method( ) yJ jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh pmzwf
C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin>
oltaeeJY 'D Code_Line awGuo kd m trSew
f u,f xyfMudrf
wvJvJ avhvmNyD;awmhrS bmaMumifh Data awG ysufukef 'Dawmh pmzwfoltaeeJU atmufyg Command udk ½dkuf
&wmvJqdkwmudk avhvmapcsifygw,f/ uRefawmfhtaeeJY oGif;NyD;awmhrS Compile vkyfvdkufyg/
uawmh &Sif;rjycsifawmhygbl;/
javac DeleteDATA.java
tck oifcef;pmtNyD;rSmawmh Chapter (8) rSm toHk;cscJhwJh
method( ) awGeJY ywfoufNyD;awmhrS aqG;aEG; avhvmcsifyg tJ'Dhvdk Compile vkyfvdkufvdkU Error r&Sdbl;qdkMuygpdkY/
w,f/ r&Si;f vif;cJw h t
hJ csut f vufawG&rdS ,fq&kd if tqifajyajy atmufyg Command udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmhrS Run vkyfvdkufyg/
jyefvnf avhvmEdkifr,fvdkY uRefawmfhbufu arQmfvifhygw,f/ java DeleteDATA
uJ tckawmh tay:rSm a&;jycJw h hJ Code_Line awGukd vufawGU
a&;om;NyD;awmhrS Compile & Run MunfhMu&atmifvm;/ uJ Compile & Run vkyfxm;yHkudk atmufrSm azmfjyay;
uRefawmfh&JU pmtkyfxJrSm ygvmwJh Code_File CD acGxJuyJ xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunfhyg/
Copy ul;,ljyD;awmhry S jJ zpfjzpfayghaemf C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin>
qdkwJh pmzwfol&JU Computer xJrSm&SdwJh Java Directory
atmufxJudk ae&mcsvdkufyg/ Code_File CD acGxJu ul;,l

Figure 8.36 Compile & Run of the DeleteDATA.


java program

'DtcgrSmawmh tay:rSm azmfjyxm;wJhtwdkif; Program


Code_Line a&;pOfu owfrSwf xnfhoGif;ay;vdkufwJh delete
Row( )method udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmhrS a&;om;xm;wmaMumifh
PhoneRecord DataBase System xJrSm&SdwJh Record Data_
Table &JU tcsKdUaom Data awG[m ysufukefygNyD/ usefwJh Data
Figure 8.35 Write the program Code_Line, Delete awGudk Program Compile & Run pOfrSm atmufygtwdkif;
-DATA.java program vma&mufNyD;awmh azmfjyay;aeygNyD/ usefwJh Data awGuawmh

2009 atmufwb
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Zar Zar Oo. 02 - 89423 Supervisor tck oifMum; ydkYcsay;cJhwJh Chapter (8) [mqdk&if Data-
Kyaw Zayar Lay. 075 - 25550 IT-Engineering. Base eJY ywfoufNyD;awmhrS zefwD;a&;om; ydkYcsay;cJhwmyJ jzpf
qdkNyD;awmh awGUjrif&rSmygyJ/ wu,fvdkY pmzwfoltaeeJY C:\ ygw,f/ vdt k yfwt hJ csut
f vufawGukd xyfrjH znfph u G Nf yD; ydYkcsay;
j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin> qdw k hJ Directory xJrmS wnfaqmufcw hJ hJ yghr,f/
PhoneRecord.mdb qdw k hJ DataBase System udk oGm;NyD;awmh tck qufvufNyD;rS Java Language &JU tqifjh rifh Feature
rS zGifhvdkufyg/ tJ'DhxJurS Record qdkwJh Data_Table udk oGm; awGyg0ifwJh Chapter (9) udk qufvuf ydkYcsay;yghr,f/
NyD;awmhrS zGiNhf yD;awmh avhvmMunfrh ,fq&kd if tay:rSm azmfjyay;cJh uRefawmf av;pm;&wJh q&mausmfaZ,s (Modula 2) &JU
wJh Data awGudkyJ jrifawGU&rSmyg/ tMuHÓPfay;wJhtwdkif; Java IDE Tool awG toHk;jyKíjzpfap?
'gqdk&ifawmh pmzwfoltaeeJY zefwD;xm;wJh DataBase Java Beans eJY ywfoufwmawGukd xnfo h iG ;f toH;k csí jzpfap?
System xJrSm yg0ifwJh Data awGudk tvG,fwul xnfhoGif; Java Applet Creation ydi k ;f eJY ywfoufwmawGujkd zpfap twwf
zefw;D &ifyjJ zpfjzpf? 'grSr[kwf &SNd yD;om; Data awGukd zsufcsifvYkd Edik q
f ;kH MudK;pm;NyD;awmhrS oifMum; ydYk csay;ygawmhr,f/ pmzwfol
yJjzpfjzpf tvG,fwul vkyfaqmifEdkifMuNyDyJ jzpfygw,f/ 'g[m awGtaeeJU tvG,fwul em;vnf oabmaygufEdkifMuvdrfhr,f
JAVA Language udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmhrS DataBase System vdkY arQmfvifhygw,f/ qufvufavhvmMunfhyg/
udk zefwD;a&;om;r,f/ NyD;awmhrS ac:,ltoHk;jyKNyD;awmhrS User
Environment t& Use vkyfwmygyJ/ KYAW ZAYAR LAY [ IT ENGINEERING ]

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152 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? 2009 atmufwb


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