Teknologi Proses Pengolahan

Sawit (Bagian 1)
TKS 2168 Teknologi Pengolahan Sawit
Semester I 2015/2016
Zulfansyah
Laboratorium Pengendalian dan Perancangan Proses

Palm oil processing method

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing
Mechanized/Modern Palm Oil Processing
Wet Process
Dry Process

Palm oil processing method

Wet processes use water to sterilize the fruit
by either steaming or boiling the fruit,
producing wastewater as a byproduct.
Dry processes sterilize the fruit by smoking or
roasting it.

Palm oil processing method

Wet Process
CPO grade A
Produced wastewater
Fiber burned to
generate electricity
(power generation)
Nut sold or processed
into kernel oil

Dry Process
CPO grade B
No wastewater
Fiber sold as animal
feed
Nut crushed during
processing

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Skala kecil.
Peralatan sederhana atau kapasitas alat kecil.
Rangkaian sistem sederhana.
Alat dibuat sendiri (artisanal) atau dengan
disain yang tidak terlalu rumit.
Kualitas minyak (CPO) yang dihasilkan rendah
(asam lemak bebas, FFA > 5%)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Summary of Unit operations

No.

Unit operation

Purpose

1.

Fruit fermentation

To loosen fruit base from spikelets and to allow ripening

processes to abate

2.

Bunch chopping

To facilitate manual removal of fruit

3.

Fruit sorting

To remove and sort fruit from spikelets

4.

Fruit boiling

To sterilize and stop enzymatic spoilage, coagulate protein

and expose microscopic oil cells

Fruit digestion

To rupture oil-bearing cells to allow oil flow during

extraction while separating fibre from nuts

Mash pressing

To release fluid palm oil using applied pressure on

ruptured cellular contents

Oil purification

To boil mixture of oil and water to remove water-soluble

gums and resins in the oil, dry decanted oil by further
heating

Fibre-nut separation

To separate de-oiled fibre from palm nuts.

Second Pressing

To recover residual oil for use as soap stock

10

Nut drying

To sun dry nuts for later cracking

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Bunch thresher
(Centre de Formation Technique Steinmetz-Benin)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Fruit sterilizer
(Centre de Formation Technique Steinmetz-Benin)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Spindle press (Luapula, Zambia)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Another model of spindle press

(Nova Technologies Ltd., Nigeria)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Hydraulic press (manual)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Manual vertical press (O.P.C., Cameroon)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Motorised horizontal screw press

(Centre Songhai, Benin)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Combined digester and motorised hydraulic press

(Technoserve/Cort Engineering, Ghana)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Flushing extractor
(Cort Engineering Services, Ghana)

Manual/Traditional Palm Oil Processing

Pabrik CPO skala kecil di Indonesia

Skema proses produksi CPO skala kecil

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala

kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala

kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala

kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala

kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala

kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala

kecil di Indonesia

Beberapa Gambar pada pabrik CPO skala

kecil di Indonesia

Tugas (kumpul tgl 30/10/15)

Buatlah deskripsi proses yang lengkap untuk
pengolahan sawit/TBS menjadi CPO pada
skala kecil [1, 2, 5 atau 10 ton/jam].
Lengkapi dengan Gambar atau Diagram yang
sesuai [setiap gambar atau diagram yg bukan
dibuat sendiri, harus menyebutkan sumbernya
sebagai rujukan].