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Introduction to Gender Studies Text

The field is struggling for the meaning of gender in this society. There are many
societal factors that may endorse the study and even some elements negate them.
The supporters of the gender studies pursuit it for the sake of general interest and the

elements who negates it are doing so at individual basis. There is only one subject,
introduced by the societal thinkers, impartial scholars and true learners about the
gender studies, so that students can get familiar with gender at broad perspective.

Under the normal circumstances, the four dimensions of this segment of the society
studied in Gender studies.

Gender Studies
Firstly, the historical foundations of the gender studies and the origin of this subject.
The time bounded techniques had been used in this exploration. For example,

Theories of Womens Studies by Gloria Bowles basically pursuits for the historical

bindings of the studies and demonstrates the foots of this study as the proper
discipline in many aspects.

Secondly, the subject matter covers the grounds of economic way and the action

needed for the economic part in terms of gender studies. For example, the study
initiated by Micaela Di Leonardo, proposed the linkage of Gender studies with the

materialist approach and the approach that shows that the meaning and the hidden

knowledge behind the meaning is not the only requirement of this literature.
Oppositely, the political economy and the dimensions of political economy is also a

way of thinking in all aspects. There is known linkage between the political economy
and the gender studies. the subject matter also showed that the globalization is

pursuit for this change because the nature of the studies is highly depending upon

the female character of this world more than male. The study of BF Reskin proposed

the reality of the male occupations and the same occupations are consistently
adopting by female with the same pace.

Thirdly, the history is also something that is non changeable and constitutes

importance because of endorsement by the historian of sociology and anthropology.

There is strong link between these two different mindset and there is new subject
comes with the new idea and the mindset to think about the gender. Cristina

Bacchilega in his book Postmodern Fairy Tale: Gender and Narrative Strategies

proposed about the same idea. The initial ideas presented by him in the book told a

old story with the modern language in justified way about historical background of
the gender studies with new look. The acts that was doing repeatedly by the gender
is actually inherited in him for long.

Fourthly, while the introductory material presented here said about the gender and

the studies directly related with the gender in best possible way showed that the
Feminism and are acts as both the private and the public one. The idea boosted while
the JB Landes studied about the linkage of philosophy with this subject. The same

writer proposed that the cultural studies are also closely related with the gender
studies because the culture is also amalgamation of both sex with different

proportions. The same gender study in philosophical paradigm constitutes some


roots in epistemology as well. The developmental studies endorse its usage and take

as good in all aspects. K Lennon and M Whiford also initiates the study about in
1994 about the feminist view, feminist thinking and the Feminist schools of thoughts
about the epistemology in well-mannered way.

Overview of Difference Between Gender


and Womens Studies
The Gender studies is the new subject to academics across the world because

the world and elements of the culture are tending to achieve the realistic

approach towards the exploration of ills in society. The basic motive behind

the exploration of ill is to confronts the challenges in human life. The subject
is not ancient one and oppositely it is new to the society. The society that is

showing some endorsements towards the reality approach so that gender


differentiation can come forward as truth. (Cotterill, 1992)

Gender studies is the paradigm shift in academics and this shift is being
obtained through the consistent behavior of women in women struggle against

freedom. Realistically speaking, the subject matter debate is not end till date
because of different viewpoints of the society about the gender studies at the

same platform. It is known fact that the women studies are always considered

the major elements related with the women only. Those elements that are

highly considerable in the way and should be done with the immediate
improvement in the timeline at womens perspective. The women issue is the
one of the main elements among those that considered the women at first place

in society and should be molded in the sense that may endorse the way of
society towards the women.

The women issues may be same as the society said and may be highly

integrated as the Hillary Clinton thinks. The women issues may be same as

the urban women said during her daily life and may be same as the women
issues buzzed up by the rural living life. The main element in which the
women can think, ponder and initiates the discourse analysis is being

understandable and discussed in the women studies in this society. (Cotterill,

1992) The women issues are not a static form in which the women can thinks

and responds in the static form, it is the flexible paradigm that show that how
the women confront the challenges in her life. The challenges that issues of
friendship, he challenges of vulnerability in the society and the challenges that
is confronted by the women against the power distribution in the same society.
The challenges are itself creating various issues in the women life and women

can think that people of society are still unaware the methods that show that
how these issues can be resolved. The women researchers and the women
responded are the two ways to think about the issues of the same community

in which the both exist with almost the same mindset but in the different way.

Ironically, the women study endorsed the same mindset at different levels so
that the community show some integration at large scale. (Cotterill, 1992) The
women researchers are doing well under the way that is highly considerable
but constitutes less power than the women responded in introspective way. The

community sets a mindset that the women issues are the core purpose of both
platforms so that the issues could meet the pragmatic strategies at vast range.
The power is unequally divide between the power responded and power
researchers in the manner that is very useful in the manner.

The women issues cant meet the solutions in any case because the society acts

differently. The Gender studies is entirely a different concept and the


conceptual framework of gender needs the ways in which the respondent

behaves with the researchers but in both men and women perspective.
(Cotterill, 1992) The gender studies are always considered the issues at front

desk in which the both male and female are considerable for the discourse

analysis. The women studies considered the women history and Gender studies
considered the men role in the women history. The women studies initiate the

analysis at women literature and gender studies draws attention towards the
role of men in articulation and even creating it.

In the end, one can say that the women studies pondered upon the women
studies, history of women at this universe and women struggle for freedom so

that the issues could meet the debate desk as soon as possible. The gender
studies are the paradigm shift that show that how the studies of men and
women or interrelated activities during discourse analysis.

Overview About Multidisciplinary Nature


of Gender Studies
The gender studies as the name gives taste of the thematic meaning in
meaningful manner to ponder that how the studies of gender in this consistent
widening population endorse the way that is highly centralized with the studies

of both sexes currently in this universe. When the gender studies decided to do

the relative measures with the immediate study as the research paradigm in

which the studies in this manner is very descriptive it arises as the tool to make
assumptions and expectation. This analysis toll provides the way through the
further research is being carried out with the effective decision making.

The decision making is not so easy because the gender studies is at stake. The

assumption that are providing the glaring way to make assumption about the

gender at first level and influence of sex difference at other. The gender studies

can not only consider the cultural difference in further way but also two other
aspects that are exactly deals with the things in this manner. The social ideas

that show that how the community is going to do the justification is another
way to think about the course material in detail. The ideas of political mindset

with the ideas of social mindset endorsed the way in which the clear difference

is being considered at first level and the difference is about the men and
women.

The same material of gender studies show that how the studies incorporated
the ways in which the scholars thinks and the thinkers reacts. The both

elements of society; masculinity and femininity are always dealing with the
ways in which the society is the only way to show that every aspect in society

behaves with these elements by considering the differences that are always
there and being there forever. The both elements that are integrated with the

way that social constructed platform is the way to get the real maxim in the

beautiful way. After the social constructed element, the other aspect is the
historical touch with the manner that are highly sensitive in the history and
show the struggle of later said in above text.

Particularly, the gender studies are the multidisciplinary nature in the course
because the studies always considered the and even encourage the students
who always a perfect match with different courses. The first course that is

natural science and the students of natural science can accept and even do
better while studying the gender studies. The other students who may done the

health care degree before the study but can do better with the same gender
study. The Students who may got excellence even in education and business
may show that the same interest in the gender studies. In the end, one can say
that knowledge of almost every field can do the indirect support so that
excellence could be achieved even in the sender studies.

Autonomy vs Integration Debate in Gender


Studies

The Concept of autonomy is same in feminist mindset as scholars of moral


psychology have their own. The moral psychology means that self-direction in

ones life is explicit in person life. The self-direction means rules, values,
norms and traditions are being met ideally with way of life.

Autonomy means that personally successfully act exactly according to norms


and values in self-directive mode. For example, in autonomous attitude, person
exactly do according to his already decided motive. This is not wrong to say

that autonomy was considered by early feminist not more than a suspicious

activity. The only reason that was floated over there at that time, unattractive
masculinity rising at society level.

At that time personhood was halted for sake of mild approach towards

masculinist. Oppositely, there are scholars who specifically view feminist in


details and have their own interpretation about autonomy. They argue that

autonomous attitude is necessary to measures exactly oppression of gender in

society. As gender oppression is adopting new ways so feminist thinking are


exactly doing same in today environment.

Feminist thinkers believe that objectification is still there in this world and
should remove. There is still an open challenge exist at feminist forums that
either they should continue with previous though about autonomy or new one.

In the way, re-conceptualization of autonomy is seeming practicably viable at


broad perspective. The concept of relational autonomy is new one and mostly

deals with alteration of feminist view about autonomy. Some thought that
autonomous and self-government is acceptable only when someone declares
as normal.

Internationally speaking, there is lots of difference between discourse of man

about feminist overview and discourse of women in same society. Many

feminists pondered upon way of man thinking. Some western based minds that
have liberal point of view see some positives in masculinity. Western culture

that has generated this mindset also considered it to name as autonomy. The

example of gender studies according to autonomy concepts is glaring in Indian


context.

India is real times example that has shown that gender attitude was changed
after arrival of western based television. The status of women has been

changed since arrival of autonomy because it was more than just feminist view.

Patriarchy is main element to discuss that cannot stop debate between


autonomy and integration. Male-based cultural structure is never acceptable

for feminists because they exactly want its opposition. The concept of
Patriarchy has enhanced gender inequality that was ill of society in previous
era and still a pinching debate.

Status of Gender Studies in Pakistan


The emerging changes in women studies is consider able for evaluating status

of gender studies in Pakistan. Ironically, this is same determinant that can


decide status in Pakistan and same in whole world.

Status of Gender Studies in Pakistan


That approach is always in trend that can provide facilitation towards women

studies. The facilitation that can lower gap between men and women. It is pure
outcome that women studies wants to achieve.Year when women started to

grow was 1989. It was year when Center of Excellence in Womens studies
established by ministry of Women Development.

After establishment, the first step taken towards goal of government to boast

women role in society. The center was initial step and now there are many
steps that has been taking by government since 1989. The center is liable to

conducts research in women studies, gathers information about gender gap and
suggests initial step to lower that identified gap.

Further, center is conducting various sample tests so that real time problem of
women can explore. In June 1997, center was involved in its full operations
towards objective as it set. That research institute has taken three years to gain
title of only research institute of women.

The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has been working since
the perception inculcated in the Pakistan about Gender Studies. Historically,

the 1999 observed the way in which Country WID Profile-Pakistan was the
biggest platform.

After the policies formulation for the gender in Pakistan, the subject matter
goes with the proper implementation for those polices. The policy
implementation is Pakistan is the way that show which policy was highly
beneficial in rising the status of gender or else.

The society is changing and this paradigm shift endorsed changes during the
development of individual. This subject matter was consistent in change
specifically from 1999 to 2007. This is the principle in which the policy

environment was penetrating at platform of gender studies. The socio-cultural


context is the other mindset that was developed in the same manner so that
gender equality could monitor. The customary practices are also monitored
during the change from one level of study to another level. In the end, one can

say that status of gender studies in Pakistan that was initiated with boasted
behavior is still continue with the same pace.

Overview About the Social Construction of


Gender
The debate of men and women could not end in any sense unless or until a
biggest paradigm shift could be observed in this times as it was in recent times.

The gender studies showed some signs in biological fact while considering the

men and women in large base but all needs of biological fact are not a merely
role in studying the reckless conditions of women status in this world. The
simple biological fact is not the way to endorse the women and negates the
men just upon the facts that has been found in the biological sense.

The biological fact that has been incorporated as the way to deal with

numerous issues is not sufficient unless or until it is amalgamated with the

social implications. (oneonta.edu, 2011) The society in which human creature


lives and feel agile moments in different perspective are highly considerable

at large scale. The women who is almost at the verge of gender inequality are
belongs to the different social group and these social groups after the biological

fact is entirely different from the social group of men in introspective manner.
(oneonta.edu, 2011)

The Social Construction of Gender


The character of social group penetrates in women and after the penetration it

consider the numerous facts in the women as men is unable to even consider
them. The gender is now being used as the term in which the whole successful

way to consider these different social groups in no time is regarded as the way

to deal with. This is the fact of nature that are being used widely as the society
endorse the various ways and methods in different mindset.

The biological sexes transformed from one phase of life to other with some
certain changes that are necessary to occur when the culture allows and unable

to keep constant when the culture negates them. The gender constructions are
based upon the set of interrelated activities and changes that are highly
definable in the way that is being referred as the basic change agent.
(oneonta.edu, 2011)

The biological sexuality is being transformed as the only way to consider the
internal tools that have been used as the initiators of major change in both

gender life. In women perspective the whole biological sexuality is

considerable in the manner that endorse that either every human activity in
which the women lies is really exist or not. The masculine gaze is the important

aspect that shaped the minds of women to think differently because women
consider the gaze seriously and they think that how the men think while gazing
them. In the end, one can say that the whole thinking that has been shifted from
men to women is solely considerable in social construction of gender.

Problematizing the category of Sex:


Queer Theory
The origin of uncomfortable conversations draws attention of individuals
towards the real myth behind the Queer theory that has been a glaring topic in

the community since its inception. The conceptual framework is not only stuck
with the issues as per the required plan of action in the way. The anthology

that focuses on the various debates are the best by product with other concepts

as society needs. Many debates and topics has been introduced in the manner
that exactly required to initiate the way in respective manner.

The important issues that has been a debate regarding the elements as the
intimacy, privacy and even as the sex harassment that has been a normal topic

to discuss with all formalities. The concept initialization regarding the sex and

even the other elements in the gender studies are not the product of abrupt

decision in gender studies. Oppositely, it has been an issue since the inception
of gender and conception of gender linkage with the society. There are possible

four major institutions in the society and these institutions always handles the

matter of gender that has been using as the Queer theory with the same pace
as the gender understand.

Queer Theory
The critical perspective provides the way to give the meaningful intervention
to show that how the community going to consider the legal terms and

regulation in the way that is highly integrated with the queer mindset. The

social aspects that has been discussed since the historical background provides
the way as per the relevancy endorsed the need. Later the Queer way to deal
with the gender studies are highly relevant with the political and cultural

institutions. The only need here to think about the sex as the traditional way to
deal with the different sexes in the same paradigm shift. The same mindset that
has been endorsing the queer and feminist as the main factors to evaluates the

gender deeply show that the both mindsets have been in debate since the wordy
war f sex, gender and sexuality is increased.

The social norms are almost away from the real thinking that directly and

indirectly relate with the subject matter as the Queer theory has been asking.
Therefore, the queer and the feminist way of handling the gender are almost

interlinked in several fronts but in sex front at extra ordinary level. The larger

goals of empowerment and the equality show that the material approach of
society towards the real meaning as the queer theory wants to give in open
society.

The Situation Analysis of Masculinities and


Feminism
The public debate is the only way that always considered behind the success
of any topic in any paradigm with descriptive manner. The public hearings and

views that always endorsed the reality of gender in this culture. The research

material is being increased in the manner that always consider the image of
gender mindset in the cultural framework. The other thing that always behaves
in the society with the introspective manner exactly deals with the policy

making strategies. One can say that the study explore the Masculinity mindset

has been start with the starts of intervention of women moments against for
freedom. (Connell & Connell, 2005)

Masculinities and Feminism


For example, the womens Liberation movement was the toughest way to deal
with the elements in the society. The society that show either the political

discussions about the men and women, it ultimately disturbs the masculinity

mindset with the same thematic expression as possible as it could. The


interrelated values that has been discussed as the meaningful intervention are
being challenged during the debate between men and women.

The men libration moment that has started in the 1970s explores that the

masculinities mindset was started with that event. The male sex role is another

facet in the life of men with the way that was highly important and is highly

considerable in the development of gender in the society. The two elements


that has been in debate since the inception of mindset are power and change.

The social relations that has been incorporated as the main element in

developing the gender and social status in reality through the procedural
change. (Connell & Connell, 2005)

These multiple patterns that are comfortably used as the way to deal with the
confusion during the gender development. The gender practices are the ways
through the masculinities are being judged as per the requirement of society.
The lacking of social with the scientific linkage is the main aspect that has

been used as the main source of information with different ways. The relations
among the gender is the way that are being considered as the main aspect
relevant with the gender and the power. (Connell & Connell, 2005)

The feminism is another way to think at gender perspective. The whole

framework that has been used as the material bindings so that social action
could give the relevant material for different intervention. The need to ready
the contemporary feminism was originated when the understandability among

the two different aspects of gender was evaluated and also consider the combat
violence. In the end, one can say that the political and critical debates over the
topics still not ended yet in any case.

Nature Versus Culture: A Debate in Gender


Development

The debate across the nature identified as the best way to create the linkage
between the biological platform with the gender. The debate draw attention

that the gender is biological in complete sense. The strong relationship that
endorsed the reality that has been given here with the way as amalgamated in

the further combination of gender and sex at broad perspective. The innate
element show that gender have it at great extent. (Jensen, 2015)

The evolutionary mechanisms as per the discussion starts always be a


procreation in the first priority that has been in debate since the inception of

cultural aspect in this society. The nature debates always considered the gender
and the gender related issues at the first priority in which the sex specification

cannot ignore. The biological sense of the gender is always considerable


because the nature is always deals with the biological aspects. The relationship

between the persons sex and gender is definable in exploitative way. (Jensen,
2015)

Nature Versus Culture


Evolutionary mechanisms in two ways are exploitative in nature in terms of
studies, one is procreation that is highly instinctive and the meaningful debate

show that gender is innate as well under this paradigm shift. There are two

major cross-cultural studies named as the Buss in 1994 and Mead in 1935. The

former studies the heterosexual preferences in males and not only in males it
also spreads in females. The later explains the cultural variations in gender role
that is vary according to procedural changes. (Jensen, 2015)

The latter is also known as the Berdache as per the research pondered seriously.
According to Best et al in 1994, he proposed that activities are confronted by

both males and females are exist in this world naturally. The debate was not

just ends there, these challenges and issues are different according to parenting

roles of both and the distinguishes from one another. After the 3 years of this
remarkable debate another researchers comes up with some hypothesis about
the same debate in new paradigms. (Jensen, 2015)

The researcher names as the Pontius in 1997 who believed that males up to

some or may be sometimes at great extent constitutes the superior spatial skills
while discourse analysis could be done through the defined procedure. Nature

always considered that the socialization provides the background to the males

and even females so that they can show that gender is another thing and need
to be discussed deeply. The Gender is also a result after the product creation
comes in to being after socialization. (Jensen, 2015)

The socialization is highly depending upon the family upbringing as well as

societal expectation in the definition of role. It can be justified in this sense

that sometimes the people can show something other than expected from that
particular type of gender. At that sense or one can say at nature argument, the

cultural variations are explicit in defining the gender roles. The agent of

socialization such as the parents, peers and even the education system in
society takes part in the gender development. In the end, one can say that the
culture versus nature is an everlasting debate generally but specifically it has
no limits while considering the gender development in contemporary society.

Feminist Theories and Practice as


Contemporary Perspective

The only vision that should be considered as one of the best way to deal with
the intersections of Feminist theory with the profit intervention at large scale.
The investigation in such a big way cannot possible without the updated

knowledge penetration in this field. There are many discourse analysis ways

that may endorse the research in the way that may benefits the feminist mindset
in this modern society. One can say that the Feminist thinkers are available in

vast range because these thinkers always thinks according to the rationale
thinking that is necessary for the theoretical background of Feminist.

The scholars and student who wants to get the knowledge about the Feminist
way of thinking always have a question in his mind that what is Feminism.
This question is not so easy to answer in several aspects. The encouragement,

endorsement and mindset about the womens rights on three aspects is being
considered as the who mindset about the feminism. This mindset is being
established as the way in which three grounds is being selected and show that

women are entirely equal to men. The first aspect is the political aspect, the

second is the social and third one is economic aspect gives the whole plot of
Feminism. (Baumgardne & Richards)

Feminist Theories and Practice


The other mindset that has been increasing in popularity since the inception of

Feminism mindset in society also considered theLiberal feminism as the

creative way of thinking. The Liberal Feminism is the particular way of


thinking with the defined criterion through the equality between the men and

women is not a big issue anymore. There are some sorts of discriminatory
practices always exists in the society when individual exploit them to collect
the arguments against the equality and at the same time there are some

individuals who believes in alteration of existed forms of arguments about the

inequality. One can say that the Liberal feminism is form of feminist theory

but that form of feminist theory believes in individualistic thinking more than
collective one. (stanford., 2007)

The philosophical form of radical feminism pondered upon society in the way
that is directly related with the Patriarchal roots in the identification of mindset

in composite form. This philosophical roots considered the roots of inequality


that has been existed between the men and women. As the name of depicts that

the women dominance is the clear message of identification of this form of


feminism so that another element of society can explore explicitly. Socially

speaking. in this way, the social form is being considered as the main element
for making a huge difference between the women and men. (Lewis)

The other way that has been very glaring since the conceptual framework of
Feminists mindset rises up show that the Marxist Feminism is another tool to

think about the ways in which society could get benefit. The theory of Karl
Marx that has been using as the best argument about the societal factors in the

society endorse that the society is essentially discoverable according to the


economic laws and regulations. The root of this type of feminism exactly

linked with the work of Marx and Frederick Engels in the complete sense. This
mindset is against the capitalist drive for purpose of profits and profit sharing

in different aspects. The women are being considered as the matter of second

class and less prioritized in this society. The women insocialistic feminism has
been facing the racism as the most common evil in society along with the
homophobia in the worst stage. (Gilbert)

The Feminism and feminist mindset is not a tangible thing in the society and

Psychoanalytic Feminism is the way that also depends upon the unconscious
moves

in

different

way.

This

unconscious

motives

show

that

the Psychoanalytic feminismensures the linkage between the sexuality and

subjectivity in further discourse analysis way to deal with different methods in

reality. The basic problem starts when the strong link strengthened with the

different aspects of society. The link that considered the sexuality and the
subjectivity as the same thing. (stanford, 2011)

Sometimes it happened that the mens feminism can gain the popularity with

the different ways in doing the reality as the major factor. This is a mindset

that is trendy in nature now a day with the different ways and responsible
thinking is being introduced as the major fact according to this discourse
analysis. According to Ben Agger in 1998 the biggest war comes in end when

the sex and gender is being democratized for the hidden agendas to accomplish

in society. The oppression understanding is not incorporated as the main figure


to discuss the but the political agenda of sex and gender consider it in the same
manner. It is not bad to consider the men as the pro-feminist but it is very
essential for men that they should speak as the anti-racism. (Klocke)

The last couple of decades are being considering the Feminist as the current

issues and ultimately scholars are diverting itself towards the postmodern
Feminism by their immediate will sometimes and sometimes indirectly. This
kind of Feminists theory is considering another way to discuss with the people

that Feminism was the modern but it is now postmodern issue to be discussed

under several aspects. The postmodern knowledge in general iOS very

essential to acquire because the literature about postmodern way is highly


centralized with the new minds in society. After the complete realization the

postmodern knowledge should be test at feminist perspective to deal with men,


women and equality between them. (ancestry)

What Is Feminism with Start of Feminist


Mindset
The Complexity while understanding the Feminism can be understood by the
various elements in the society. The society have many aspects and one of the

most important aspect is to gain the Feminism as the major paradigm shift in
discussing the gender in this world. The simple explanation about different

aspects discusses the way that is highly related with the genders perspective
through the complete discourse analysis. (Beasley, 1999)

What Is Feminism?
The literature of feminism is so confusing and complex that the layperson

cannot gain the knowledge as the contemporary western feminism constitutes

in it. The society is concerned with two major and contrasting schools of
thought. One school of thought deals with the social aspect and feminism have
some behavior of attachment from this school. The other aspect is the political

aspect and in the same way the feminism encourages the political myth of
society. (Beasley, 1999)

The widely use of different approach as the past concerns that the complexity
of feminism is highly concerns with the equality in the society. The academic

background and knowledge about the Feminism is still endorsing the reality
that the feminism is the alive conceptual framework and the working is still

required to execute the decision about the feminism. The study that is being
considered as the way of guidance since the previous two decades is now starts

to grasp the attention of staff, students, researchers and scholars from other
studies because all fields endorsing the phenomenon that feminists views are
present in the whole society secretly. (Beasley, 1999)

Even the students are now showing their interest to write about the women and

gender issues in big platform. Another aspect cannot ignore in this field and
that aspect is about the complexities of different trends in Feminism. The

researchers want to explore the material under the Feminism but first they have
to decode the complex information. The students are ready to write about the

students issues but the material is not so satisfactory in developing the


justified material about the understanding of Feminism from the start.
(Beasley, 1999)

To overcome the issues in the literature, the field is required to initiate the such

painless way and straightforward material that could get the writing down with
the vast range of material about the feminism agreeably. The feminism is not
so easy to consider as the field of study because many scholars are doing the
research under the concept that modernist view of contemporary8 feminist is

the basic source and summary of ancient one is sufficient to grasp the overview
about the maxim that what is feminism. (Beasley, 1999)

Liberal Feminism a Collective Thought


The liberal Feminism is the mindset that always considered the factors of

equality between men and women totally against the original feminist
philosophers in this world and acts differently. The political agenda of equality

of women and men is so vast now a day that it could be dangerous for various

aspects. Liberal feminism, inversely, believed as there is no innate


psychological difference that can change the view of men about the women
and women about the men. (Stanford, 2007)

Liberal Feminism
The liberal feminist believed the that the formal equality between men and

women is only considered as the equality not less than that and even no more

than that. The state of affairs is the matter of things that considered as the much

important rather than the other ways and tools to considered the women. One
can say that the state of affairs can meet with its real intervention with the
consideration of women as the main factor in society. The womens interest is

the best served thing that has been considered under the state of affairs so that

the female maxim could be enhanced with the procedural way.

The standards under the interest of women segment, the expectations of the
womens interest and the opportunities that are ready to exploit according to

the womens interest are best served under the conceptual framework of
Liberal feminism. The best interventions that has shown by the many
researchers and even the epistemology of feminist show that there is difference
between the men and women at social grounds, there is difference between

men and women at biological ground and there is difference between men and
women, most importantly, at psychological perspectives. (Stanford, 2007)

Above all there is only one think that logically appeals the thinkers of women
and men equally to consider the individual liberty in selecting the equality
factors between the men and women is the way to show that the society is free
in terms of thinking for the women and even sometimes against the women as

well. The American mindset that appeal about the equality between men and
women in large scale that can give the benefits as needed to considered in this
complex world. (Stanford, 2007)

The American see feminist views and theories as the liberal one rather than
radical and socialist. The concept of formal equality was given by the liberal

feminism but as the matter of fact, this formal equality did not deal the
difference between jobs, hiring, recruitment and promotion criteria at
workplace between men and women. Liberals even proposed that it is totally
a market that did not endorse the phenomenon of formal equality between men
and women. (Stanford, 2007)

Radical Feminism a Contemporary View of


Feminist
The oppression that has started from the last two decades still prevails in some

minds according to some extent and the only reason behind the conceptual

framework is to endorse the reality that the women was the first group of
people who were being enslaved. When the radical mindset at that time

considered and implement that the women sector could be enslaved. Then they
shifted towards the other group of gender that was men. (Thompson, 2001)

There are many arguments about the reality of this manifesto that the women

should be considered as the part of humanity in any sense. When the culture
believed that the women can enslaved practically than the cultural key

performers endorse that men should be enslaved in the same manner. That was
a crucial time for different schools of thought. Male supremacy is the oldest

phenomenon and this phenomenon was established when the men considered

its image at the first stage and negates the women dominance according to the
radical feminist view. The power structure was also establishing at that time
just upon the men-central view rather than women-concise view in society.
(Thompson, 2001)

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