CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Kishan Kumar

Dash a bona fide student of class XII
sci B, has done project on STUDY OF
PRESENCE OF FATS, CARBOHYDRATES
AND PROTEINS IN DIFFERENT FOOD
SAMPLES in his practical pursuance
of AISSCE for the year 2015-16 and
has completed the same satisfactorily.
Dept. of science
Delhi Public School
School

Principal
Delhi Public

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to express
my deepest gratitude and indebted
to my project supervisor Mr.
and Ms. , Lab Assistant, Delhi
Public School,. Without their
inspiration, guidance, supervision
and keen interest this piece of
investigatory project would not
have been possible.
Lastly, I thank all those who have
encouraged and helped me directly
or indirectly to go ahead with the
project and to complete the same
in time.
Kishan Kumar Dash

PREFACE
This is an attempt to study the
presence of carbohydrates, fats
and proteins in various fruit
samples. We have put in our best
efforts preparing this project .With
the nutritional values of fruits in
mind, one can plan a balanced diet,
in order to keep healthy.

AIM:
The main objective of this project is
to find out the various constituents
of fruits in order to plan a balanced
diet that can provide proper
nutrition and help us to stay
healthy.

THEORY:
The sample of carbohydrate,
proteins
And fats in the food is detected by
Performing test tube like Molish
reagent test, Fehling test, Tollens

test, Ninhydrine test, Millons test

etc.

TEST FOR
CARBOHYDRATES:
Carbohydrates are polyhydroxyl
aldehydes or Ketones or the
compound which yield polyhydroxyl
aldehydes or ketones on
Hydrolysis.

MOLISHS TEST:
Molish reagent is 10% alcoholic
solution of Naphthalene.
Conc.H2SO4 converts the
carbohydrate into the derivative

which further react with Molishs

reagent to give a coloured
compound. To the sample few
drops of Molishs reagent are
added and then conc. Sulphuric
acid is added along the walls of the
test tube .Formation of red violet
ppt. confirms carbohydrate.

IODINE TEST:
This is performed to the test the
presence of starch. To the sample
2-3 drops of iodine solution is
added. Formation of violet blue
precipitate Confirms presence of
starch.

Fehlings test:

Fehling solution is a mixture of

Fehling A (Copper sulphate
solution) and Fehling B (Rochelles
salt dissolved in NAOH). 1ml of
Fehling solution is taken in a test
tube. To this the sample was added
and the
test tube was warmed
in a hot water bath for about 2
minutes. Appearance of red
precipitate confirms the presence
of carbohydrates due to formation
of CU2O .

Tollens test:
Tollens reagent is ammonical silver
nitrate solution. The given sample
was taken in a test tube and 2-3

drops of reagent was added to the

sample with a few drops of NaOH.
A brown precipitate is formed and
then NH3 solution slowly fades
away, then it is kept in a water
bath. Formation of silver mirror
along the walls of the test tube
confirms the presence of
carbohydrates.

BENEDICTS TEST:
The given sample was taken in a
test tube and reagent is added

to the sample. Formation of

reddish precipitate confirms the
presence of carbohydrates.
All the carbohydrates which
correspond to Tollens,
Benedicts, and Fehling test are
called reducing sugar.

TEST FOR PROTEINS:

Xanthoproteic Test:
A little sample was taken in a test
tube
and then conc.H2SO4 is added to it.
Appearance of yellow crystals
confirms
The presence of proteins.

BIURET TEST:
The sample was taken in a test
tube and NaOH was added to it and
a drop of CuSO4 was added to
it.Appearance of bluish precipitate
confirms presence of proteins.

TEST FOR FATS:

SOLUBILITY TEST:
The sample was taken in a test
tube and
Few drops were added to it.
Formation of water insoluble mass
and miscible with organic solvents
confirms the presence of fats.

TRANSLUCENT SPOT TEST:

The sample was taken in a piece of
Paper and was rubbed. Formation of
translucent spot confirms the presence of
fats.

OBSERVATION TABLE:
TEST

TEST
PERFORMED

OBSERVATION

INFERENCE

APPLE

SOLUBITY TEST
BIURET TEST
MOLISH TEST

INSOLUBLE
MASS
BLUE PPT
VIOLET PPT

FATS ARE PRESENT

PROTIENS ARE PRESENT
CARBOHYDRATES ARE
PRESENT

BANANA

SOLUBITY TEST
BIURET TEST
MOLISH TEST

INSOLUBLE
MASS
BLUE PPT
VIOLET PPT

FATS ARE PRESENT

PROTIENS ARE PRESENT
CARBOHYDRATES ARE
PRESENT

GRAPES

SOLUBILITY
TEST
BIURET TEST
MOLISH TEST

INSOLUBLE
MASS
BLUE PPT
VIOLET PPT

FATS ARE PRESENT

PROTIENS ARE PRESENT
CARBOHYDRATES ARE
PRESENT

LEMON

SOLUBITY TEST
BIURET TEST
MOLISH TEST

INSOLUBLE
MASS
BLUE PPT
VIOLET PPT

FATS ARE PRESENT

PROTIENS ARE PRESENT
CARBOHYDRATES ARE
PRESENT