Professional Documents
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Technique
Mohit Kumar Goel *, Dr. Neelu Jain #
*
Abstract With development in technologies, the amount of data being exchanged on internet is increasing exponentially. The security
of information can be achieved by cryptography and steganography. Cryptography hides the contents of message by converting it to an
unreadable cipher. Steganography hides the existence of message by embedding data in some other digital media like image or audio
files. The paper proposes a security system which is combination of both the techniques. In proposed system data is firstly encrypted
using RSA encryption algorithm and then embedded in an image using DCT based steganographic method. The experimental result
shows that proposed system has better PSNR value in comparison to other techniques like LSB, Modulus arithmetic steganography. It
also maintainstaisfactory security as secret message cant be extracted without knowing the decoding algorithm.
Keywords- steganography; RSA encryption; data hiding; discrete cosine transform.
I.
INTRODUCTION
equal or less than four (i.e., 4) [16]. The 4th bit was chosen
because it satisfies that changing of 4 units in the channel
color value is imperceptible to human eyes, and it is the
most significant bit which provides the minimum change in
the pixel values. Modulus arithmetic steganography
proposed by Sayuthi Jaafar and Azizah A Manaf has
calculated last four bits of each pixel by mod-16 operation.
Then these bits are replaced with data bits [8]. In this the
amount of the data that can be embedded is more but stego
image has less PSNR value than LSB and SSB-4
techniques.
LSB-DCT STEGANOGRAPHY
1 / 2 for k 0
where C (k )
otherwise
1
(3)
14
14
Q
18
24
49
72
11 10 16
24
40
51
12 14 19
26
58
60
13 16 24
17 22 29
40
51
57
87
69
80
22 37 56
35 55 64
68 109 103
81 104 113
61
55
56
62
77
92
101
99
PROPOSED METHOD
B. Extraction algorithm
Steps for extraction algorithm are given as follows:
Input: An MN size Stego image.
Output: Secret message.
1)
2)
3)
4)
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
1 m 1 n 1
I (i, j ) K (i, j )
mn i 0 j 0
( 4)
Image
MAX i
20. log10
MSE
(5)
LSB
Modulus
(mod-16)
Human.jpg
52.10
49.23
55.87
Flower.jpg
53.54
50.53
56.36
Building.jpg
52.43
48.77
54.59
Tree.jpg
53.46
50.46
55.57
V.
CONCLUSION
In this paper we used mixed approach cryptography and
steganography is used for data security. By using RSA
encryption, ASCII codes corresponding to characters of
plain text are converted into 16 bits encrypted codes. Hence
it becomes difficult to get original text without knowing
decryption keys. Then cipher data is hided into cover image.
Average PSNR value of 55 is obtained for 100 images using
proposed method. The obtained experimental results
indicate that, the proposed method is a good and acceptable
scheme for data security. Furthermore, by embedding
information in the least significant bits of the DCT domain,
the hidden message resides in more robust areas, spread
across the entire stego image, and provides better resistance
against statistical attacks than other techniques. The future
work may focus on the improvement and further
development in this technique.
VI.
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
REFERENCES
2007.
[9]
(g) Original Tree.jpg
[18] Chung, K.L., Shen, C.H. and Chang, A novel SVDand VQ-based
image hiding scheme.Pattern Recognition Letters, 22, pp. 1051
1058, 2001.
[19] Iwata M., Miyake K. and Shiozaki, Digital Steganography Utilizing
Features of JPEG Images, IEICE Transfusion Fundamentals, E87-A,
4, pp. 929 936, 2004.