Professional Documents
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V900R011C00
Technical Description
Issue
09
Date
2011-12-30
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations
of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Website:
http://www.huawei.com
Email:
support@huawei.com
Issue 09 (2011-12-30)
BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
Product Version
The following table lists the product version related to the document.
Product Name
Product Version
BSC6900
V900R011C00
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
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Network planners
System engineers
Field engineers
Organization
1 Changes in the BSC6900 GSM Technical Description
This chapter describes the changes in the BSC6900 GSM Technical Description between
different versions.
2 Hardware Configuration Modes
The BSC6900 supports flexible hardware configuration modes. The hardware configuration
mode varies according to the scenario.
3 Overall Structure
This chapter describes the interactions between the modules in the BSC6900.
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Technical Description
4 Working Principles
This chapter describes the working principles of the BSC6900 in the following ways: power
supply, environment monitoring, clock synchronization, and OM.
5 Signal Flow
The BSC6900 signal flow consists of the user-plane signal flow, control-plane signal flow, and
OM signal flow.
6 Transmission and Networking
The transmission and networking between the BSC6900 and other NEs can be classified into
the following types: transmission and networking on the A/Gb interface, on the Abis interface,
on the Ater interface, and on the Pb interface.
7 Parts Reliability
The BSC6900 guarantees its operation reliability by means of board redundancy and port
redundancy.
Conventions
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol
Description
Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not
avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which
if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not
avoided, could result in equipment damage, data loss,
performance degradation, or unexpected results.
Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save
time.
Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement
important points of the main text.
General Conventions
The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
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Convention
Description
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BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
Convention
Description
Boldface
Italic
Courier New
Command Conventions
The command conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention
Description
Boldface
Italic
[]
{ x | y | ... }
[ x | y | ... ]
{ x | y | ... }*
[ x | y | ... ]*
GUI Conventions
The GUI conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention
Description
Boldface
>
Keyboard Operations
The keyboard operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
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Format
Description
Key
Press the key. For example, press Enter and press Tab.
Key 1+Key 2
Key 1, Key 2
Mouse Operations
The mouse operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Issue 09 (2011-12-30)
Action
Description
Click
Double-click
Drag
Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the
pointer to a certain position.
BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
Contents
Contents
About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii
1 Changes in the BSC6900 GSM Technical Description...........................................................1
2 Hardware Configuration Modes................................................................................................5
3 Overall Structure...........................................................................................................................7
3.1 Switching Subsystem........................................................................................................................................11
3.2 Service Processing Subsystem..........................................................................................................................15
3.3 Interface Processing Subsystem.......................................................................................................................16
3.4 Clock Synchronization Subsystem...................................................................................................................18
3.5 OM Subsystem.................................................................................................................................................19
4 Working Principles.....................................................................................................................21
4.1 Power Supply Principle....................................................................................................................................22
4.2 Environment Monitoring Principle...................................................................................................................23
4.3 Clock Synchronization Principle......................................................................................................................26
4.3.1 Clock Sources..........................................................................................................................................26
4.3.2 Structure of the Clock Synchronization Subsystem................................................................................27
4.3.3 Clock Synchronization Process...............................................................................................................29
4.4 OM Principle....................................................................................................................................................30
4.4.1 Dual OM Plane........................................................................................................................................31
4.4.2 OM Network............................................................................................................................................32
4.4.3 Active/Standby Workspaces....................................................................................................................33
4.4.4 Data Configuration Management............................................................................................................35
4.4.5 Security Management..............................................................................................................................39
4.4.6 Performance Management.......................................................................................................................42
4.4.7 Alarm Management.................................................................................................................................44
4.4.8 Loading Management..............................................................................................................................45
4.4.9 Upgrade Management..............................................................................................................................49
4.4.10 BTS Loading Management....................................................................................................................51
4.4.11 BTS Upgrade Management...................................................................................................................52
5 Signal Flow...................................................................................................................................54
5.1 User-Plane Signal Flow....................................................................................................................................55
5.1.1 GSM CS Signal Flow..............................................................................................................................55
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Contents
7 Parts Reliability...........................................................................................................................79
7.1 Concepts Related to Parts Reliability...............................................................................................................80
7.1.1 Backup.....................................................................................................................................................80
7.1.2 Resource Pool..........................................................................................................................................81
7.1.3 Port Trunking...........................................................................................................................................81
7.1.4 Port Load Sharing....................................................................................................................................81
7.2 Board Redundancy...........................................................................................................................................82
7.2.1 Backup of EIUa Boards...........................................................................................................................82
7.2.2 Backup of OIUa Boards..........................................................................................................................82
7.2.3 Backup of PEUa Boards..........................................................................................................................83
7.2.4 Backup of SCUa Boards..........................................................................................................................84
7.2.5 Backup of TNUa Boards.........................................................................................................................84
7.2.6 Backup of FG2a/FG2c Boards................................................................................................................85
7.2.7 Backup of GCUa/GCGa Boards..............................................................................................................86
7.2.8 Backup of GOUa/GOUc/GOUd Boards..................................................................................................87
7.2.9 Backup of OMUa/OMUb Boards............................................................................................................88
7.2.10 Backup of POUc Boards........................................................................................................................89
7.2.11 Backup of XPUa/XPUb Boards............................................................................................................89
7.2.12 Resource Pool of DPUa/DPUc/DPUd Boards.......................................................................................90
7.3 Port Redundancy...............................................................................................................................................91
7.3.1 Optical Port Backup.................................................................................................................................91
7.3.2 FE/GE Port Backup.................................................................................................................................91
7.3.3 Port Load Sharing....................................................................................................................................92
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Contents
Issue 09 (2011-12-30)
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Technical Description
09 (2011-12-30)
This is the ninth commercial release.
Compared with issue 08 (2011-07-25) of V900R011C00, this issue does not include any new
topics.
Compared with issue 08 (2011-07-25) of V900R011C00, this issue incorporates the following
changes:
Topic
Change Description
Compared with issue 08 (2011-07-25) of V900R011C00, this issue does not exclude any topics.
08 (2011-07-25)
This is the eighth commercial release.
Compared with issue 07 (2011-05-25) of V900R011C00, this issue does not include any new
topics.
Issue 09 (2011-12-30)
BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
Compared with issue 07 (2011-05-25) of V900R011C00, this issue incorporates the following
changes:
Topic
Change Description
Compared with issue 07 (2011-05-25) of V900R011C00, this issue does not exclude any topics.
07 (2011-05-25)
This is the seventh commercial release.
Compared with issue 06 (2011-01-30) of V900R011C00, this issue does not include any new
topics.
Compared with issue 06 (2011-01-30) of V900R011C00, this issue incorporates the following
changes:
Topic
Change Description
Compared with issue 06 (2011-01-30) of V900R011C00, this issue does not exclude any topics.
06 (2011-01-30)
This is the sixth commercial release.
Compared with issue 05 (2010-09-15) of V900R011C00, this issue does not include any new
topics.
Issue 09 (2011-12-30)
BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
Compared with issue 05 (2010-09-15) of V900R011C00, this issue incorporates the following
changes:
Topic
Change Description
3 Overall Structure
Compared with issue 05 (2010-09-15) of V900R011C00, this issue does not exclude any topics.
05 (2010-09-15)
This is the fifth commercial release.
Compared with issue 04 (2010-05-31) of V900R011C00, this issue does not include any new
topics.
Compared with issue 04 (2010-05-31) of V900R011C00, this issue incorporates the following
changes:
Topic
Change Description
Compared with issue 04 (2010-05-31) of V900R011C00, this issue does not exclude any topics.
04 (2010-05-31)
This is the fourth commercial release.
Compared with issue 03 (2009-12-05) of V900R011C00, this issue includes the following new
topics:
l
7 Parts Reliability
Compared with issue 03 (2009-12-05) of V900R011C00, this issue incorporates the following
changes:
Topic
Change Description
3 Overall Structure
Compared with issue 03 (2009-12-05) of V900R011C00, this issue does not exclude any topics.
Issue 09 (2011-12-30)
BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
03 (2009-12-05)
This is the third commercial release.
Compared with issue 02 (2009-10-30) of V900R011C00, this issue does not include any new
topics.
Compared with issue 02 (2009-10-30) of V900R011C00, this issue incorporates the following
changes:
Topic
Change Description
Compared with issue 02 (2009-10-30) of V900R011C00, this issue does not exclude any topics.
02 (2009-10-30)
This is the second commercial release.
Compared with issue 01 (2009-07-30) of V900R011C00, this issue does not include any new
topics.
Compared with issue 01 (2009-07-30) of V900R011C00, this issue incorporates the following
changes:
Topic
Change Description
3 Overall Structure
Compared with issue 01 (2009-07-30) of V900R011C00, this issue does not exclude any topics.
01 (2009-07-30)
This is the first commercial release.
Issue 09 (2011-12-30)
BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
The BSC6900 supports flexible hardware configuration modes. The hardware configuration
mode varies according to the scenario.
Learn the following concepts for a better understanding of the BSC6900.
BM/TC
The main processing subrack (MPS) and extended processing subrack (EPS) are collectively
known as basic module (BM) subrack. The transcoder subrack (TCS) is known as TC subrack.
Main TCS
The TCS that forwards the OM signals to other TCSs is called the main TCS. All other TCSs
are called extension TCSs.
The main TCS is determined by both the cable connections and the data configuration. For details
of the cable connections, see switching subsystem.
BM/TC separated
In BM/TC separated mode, the BSC6900 is configured with the MPS, EPS, and TCS (local
or remote).
Characteristics: In this mode, the installation location of the TCS is flexible. The TCS can
be installed in the transcoder rack (TCR) and be placed on the CN side, thus saving the
transmission resources between the BSC6900 and the CN. Alternatively, the TCS can be
installed in the same cabinet as the MPS or EPS and be placed on the BSC6900 side.
BM/TC combined
In BM/TC combined mode, the boards of the TCS are installed in the MPS or in the EPS,
with the subrack names unchanged.
Characteristics: The BSC6900 in this mode has higher hardware integration than in BM/
TC separated mode, When the capacity is the same, the BSC6900 in this mode has fewer
cabinets and subracks.
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A over IP
Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
In A over IP mode, layer 3 (network layer) of the protocol stack on the A interface adopts
the IP protocol. In this case, the BSC6900 is configured with the MPS and EPS but not
with the TCS. The TC function is performed by the Media Gateway (MGW).
Characteristics: In this mode, the BSC6900 has fewer cabinets and subracks. The
BSC6900 must be interconnected with a specific MGW.
One BSC6900 uses only one configuration mode.
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BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
3 Overall Structure
Overall Structure
Physical Structure
The BSC6900 cabinet consists of power distribution boxes and subracks, as listed in Table
3-1.
Table 3-1 Components of the BSC6900 cabinet
Component
Configuration
MPS
EPS
TCS
NOTE
If the customer purchase the Nastar product of Huawei, the customer needs to install the SAU board in the MPS
or EPS of the BSC6900 cabinet (the SAU board occupies two slots that work in active/standby mode). For details
on how to install the SAU board, how to install the software on the SAU board, and how to maintain the SAU
board, see the SAU User Guide of Nastar documents.
Software Structure
The software of the BSC6900 has a distributed architecture. It is classified into the host software
and OMU software.
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3 Overall Structure
Host software
The host software is distributed on the service boards. It consists of the operating system,
middleware, and application software. See Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 Structure of the host software
Operating system
The VxWorks real-time embedded operating system runs on each service board.
Middleware
The Versatile Protocol Platform (VPP) and the Virtual Operating System (VOS)
function as the middleware. The middleware enables the upper-layer application
software to be independent from the lower-layer operating system so that software
functions can be transplanted between different platforms.
Application software
Boards of different types can be installed with different application software. The
application software is classified into radio resource processing software, resource
control-plane processing software, base station management software, and
configuration maintenance management software.
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OMU software
The Operation and Maintenance Unit (OMU) software runs on the OMUa board, OMUb
board, and GBAM. The OMU is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the
BSC6900. The OMU software consists of the operating system and the OMU application
software. See Figure 3-2.
Figure 3-2 Structure of the OMU software
Operating system
The Dopra Linux, Suse Linux, or Windows Server 2003 operating system is used.
OMU application software
The OMU application software runs on the lower-level operating system and provides
various service processes, including the LMT process, fault diagnosis process, and
authentication process.
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Technical Description
3 Overall Structure
Logical Structure
Figure 3-3 and Figure 3-4 show the logical structure of the BSC6900.
Figure 3-3 Logical structure of MPS/EPS
The TCS that forwards the OM signals to other TCSs is called the main TCS.
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3 Overall Structure
The channel for the TCS and the MPS to exchange information varies according to the location
of the TCS: local or remote.
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In local TCS mode, the SCUa board in the main TCS is connected to the SCUa board in
the MPS through the crossover cable.
In remote TCS mode, the TCS is located in the TCR, which is separate from the cabinet
that houses the MPS/EPS. The main TCS and the MPS are connected through the cable
between the Ater interface boards.
Subsystems
Logically, the BSC6900 consists of the following five subsystems:
3.1 Switching Subsystem
The switching subsystem performs switching of traffic data, signaling, and OM signals.
3.2 Service Processing Subsystem
The BSC6900 service processing subsystem performs the control functions defined in the 3GPP
protocols and processes services of the BSC6900.
3.3 Interface Processing Subsystem
The interface processing subsystem provides transmission ports and resources, processes
transport network messages, and enables interaction between the BSC6900 internal data and
external data.
3.4 Clock Synchronization Subsystem
The clock synchronization subsystem provides clock signals for the BSC6900 and provides
reference clock signals for base stations.
3.5 OM Subsystem
The OM subsystem enables the management and maintenance of the BSC6900 in the following
scenarios: routine maintenance, emergency maintenance, upgrade, and capacity expansion.
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3 Overall Structure
Functions
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Hardware Involved
The switching subsystem consists of the SCUa boards, TNUa boards, high-speed backplane
channels in each subrack, crossover cables between SCUa boards, and inter-TNUa cables.
Star topology
One node functions as the center node and it is connected to each of the other nodes. The
communication between the other nodes must be switched by the center node.
Mesh topology
There is a connection between every two nodes. When any node is out of service, the
communication between other nodes is not affected.
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3 Overall Structure
In the switching subsystem of the BSC6900, the star topology is established among the MAC
switching logical modules, and the mesh topology is established among the TDM switching
logical modules.
Inter-Subrack Connection
The MAC switching logical modules switch the IP-based traffic data, OM signals, and signaling.
The switching is performed by the SCUa boards and the Ethernet cables between the SCUa
boards. The inter-subrack connections related to MAC switching can be classified into the
following types:
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Figure 3-8 Interconnections between subracks through the crossover cables between the SCUa
boards (MPS/EPS)
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3 Overall Structure
Figure 3-9 Interconnections between subracks through the crossover cables between the SCUa
boards (TCS)
The TDM switching logical modules switch the TDM-based traffic data. The switching is
performed by the TNUa boards and the inter-TNUa cables. The inter-subrack connections related
to TDM switching can be classified into the following types:
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Figure 3-10 Interconnections between subracks through the inter-TNUa cables (MPS/EPS)
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Figure 3-11 Interconnections between subracks through the inter-TNUa cables (TCS)
For details about the definitions of CP and UP, see 5 Signal Flow.
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3 Overall Structure
Functions
The service processing subsystem performs the following functions:
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Mobility management
CS service processing
PS service processing
Service processing subsystems communicate with each other through the switching subsystem
to form a resource pool and perform tasks cooperatively. They can be increased as required,
according to the linear superposition principle, thereby improving the service processing
capability of the BSC6900.
Hardware Involved
The service processing subsystem consists of the XPUa, XPUb, DPUc, and DPUd boards. The
XPUa and XPUb boards process signaling. The DPUc and DPUd boards process services.
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3 Overall Structure
Functions
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The interface processing subsystem provides the following types of IP and TDM interfaces.
E1/T1 electrical ports
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3 Overall Structure
The interface processing subsystem processes transport network messages and, also hides
differences between them within the BSC6900.
On the uplink, the interface processing subsystem terminates transport network messages
at the interface boards. It also transmits the user plane, control plane, and management
plane datagrams to the corresponding service processing boards. The processing of the
signal flow on the downlink is the reverse of the processing of the signal flow on the uplink.
Hardware Involved
The interface processing subsystem consists of the Abis, A, Ater, Gb, and Pb interface boards.
Functions
The clock synchronization subsystem provides the following clock sources for the BSC6900
and ensures the reliability of the clock signals:
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3 Overall Structure
LINE clock
The BSC6900 provides reference clock sources for base stations. Clock signals are transmitted
from the BSC6900 to base stations over the Abis interface.
Hardware Involved
The clock synchronization subsystem consists of the GCUa/GCGa board.
3.5 OM Subsystem
The OM subsystem enables the management and maintenance of the BSC6900 in the following
scenarios: routine maintenance, emergency maintenance, upgrade, and capacity expansion.
Functions
The OM subsystem provides:
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3 Overall Structure
Hardware Involved
The OM subsystem consists of the OMUa board, OMUb board, or GBAM.
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Technical Description
4 Working Principles
Working Principles
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4 Working Principles
NOTE
The DC PDF distribution panel is not regarded as the components of the BSC6900.
The DC PDF provides each cabinet with dual two-route -48 V DC inputs and one route for
PGND connection.
Typically, the two power inputs work concurrently. If one power input is faulty, the other
power input continues to supply power to the system to ensure stable operation. You can
rectify the faulty power input without interrupting the services, thereby ensuring the
optimum reliability and availability of the power supply subsystem.
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4 Working Principles
The PDB performs lightning protection and overcurrent protection on the dual two-route
-48 V DC inputs. Then, it supplies power to all the components in the cabinet.
The PDB monitors each input in real time. After the PDB detects abnormal power supply,
it reports the relevant alarms to the OMU. The OMU, then, forwards the alarms to the LMT
or M2000.
The power distribution varies according to the type of cabinet. For details, see Connections
of Power Cables and PGND Cables in the Cabinet.
The physical entity of the OMU can be the OMUa board, OMUb board, or GBAM. The following takes the
OMUa board as an example to describe environment monitoring.
Power Monitoring
Power monitoring involves monitoring the power subsystem in real time, reporting the operating
status of the power supply, and generating alarms when faults occur.
Figure 4-2 shows the working principle of power monitoring.
Figure 4-2 Working principle of power monitoring
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BSC6900 GSM
Technical Description
4 Working Principles
1.
The PAMU in the power distribution box monitors the operating status of the power
distribution box and sends the monitoring signals to the signal transfer board through the
serial port.
2.
The signal transfer board transmits the power monitoring signals to the independent fan
subrack at the bottom of the cabinet through the monitoring signal cable of the power
distribution box. Then, the fan subrack forwards the power monitoring signals to the active
SCUa board in the power monitoring subrack.
3.
The SCUa board processes the monitoring signals. If faults occur, the SCUa board generates
alarms and reports the alarms to the OMUa board. The OMUa board then forwards the
alarms to the LMT or M2000.
Fan Monitoring
Fan monitoring involves monitoring the operating status of the fans in real time and adjusting
the speed of the fans based on the temperature in the subrack.
Each subrack is configured with a built-in fan box. The temperature sensor next to the air outlet
can detect the temperature in the subrack.
Besides the built-in fan box in the subrack, there is an independent fan subrack at the bottom of
the cabinet. This improves the heat dissipation capability of the cabinet.
Figure 4-3 shows the working principle of fan monitoring.
Figure 4-3 Working principle of fan monitoring
The built-in fan box in the subrack and the fan monitoring unit PFCU in the independent
fan subrack monitor the operating status of the fans in real time and reports the monitoring
signals to the signal transfer board through the serial port.
2.
The signal transfer board transmits the monitoring signals to the active SCUa board.
l In the case of built-in fan box in the subrack, the signal transfer board transmits the
monitoring signals to the active SCUa board through the backplane of the subrack.
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4 Working Principles
l In the case of independent fan subrack, the signal transfer board transmits the monitoring
signals to the active SCUa board in the fan monitoring subrack through the monitoring
signal cable.
3.
The SCUa board processes the monitoring signals. If faults occur, the SCUa board generates
alarms and reports them to the OMUa board. The OMUa board then forwards the alarms
to the LMT or M2000.
Environment Monitoring
Environment monitoring involves monitoring the temperature, humidity, operating voltage, door
status, water damage, smoke, and infrared. The environment monitoring function is performed
by the Environment Monitor Units (EMUs).
Figure 4-4 shows the working principle of environment monitoring.
Figure 4-4 Working principle of environment monitoring
If the power distribution box can transfer signals, the environment monitoring process is as
follows:
1.
The sensors monitor the environment in real time and send the monitoring signals to the
EMU.
2.
The EMU sends the monitoring signals to the power distribution box through the serial
cable.
3.
The signal transfer board in the power distribution box transmits the monitoring signals to
the active SCUa board in the power monitoring subrack through the monitoring signal cable
of the power distribution box.
4.
The active SCUa board in the power monitoring subrack transmits the monitoring signals
to the SCUa board in the MPS through the Ethernet cables between the SCUa boards.
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5.
4 Working Principles
The SCUa board in the MPS processes the monitoring signals. If faults occur, the SCUa
board generates alarms and reports the alarms to the OMUa board. The OMUa board then
forwards the alarms to the LMT or M2000.
If the power distribution box cannot transfer signals, the environment monitoring process is as
follows:
1.
The sensors monitor the environment in real time and send the monitoring signals to the
EMU.
2.
The EMU sends the monitoring signals to the active SCUa board in the lowest subrack
through the serial cable.
3.
The active SCUa board in the lowest subrack transmits the monitoring signals to the SCUa
board in the MPS through the Ethernet cables between the SCUa boards.
4.
The SCUa board in the MPS processes the monitoring signals. If faults occur, the SCUa
board generates alarms and reports the alarms to the OMUa board. The OMUa board then
forwards the alarms to the LMT or M2000.
External Clocks
The external clocks of the BSC6900 are of two types:
l
BITS Clock
The BITS clock signals are of three types: 2 MHz, 2 Mbit/s, and 1.5 Mbit/s. The 2 MHz
and 2 Mbit/s clock signals are E1 clock signals, and the 1.5 Mbit/s clock signals are T1
clock signals.
The BITS clock has two input modes: BITS0 and BITS1. BITS0 and BITS1 correspond
to the CLKIN0 and CLKIN1 ports on the GCUa board respectively. The BSC6900
obtains the BITS clock signals through the CLKIN0 or CLKIN1 port on the GCUa/
GCGa board.
LINE Clock
The LINE clock is an 8 kHz clock that is transmitted from an interface board in the MPS to the
GCUa board through the backplane channel. The LINE clock has two input modes: LINE0 and
LINE1.
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4 Working Principles
NOTE
LINE0 and LINE1 correspond to backplane channel 1 and backplane channel 2 respectively.
Local Oscillator
If the BSC6900 fails to obtain any external clock, the BSC6900 can obtain its working clock
signals from the local oscillator.
If the MPS extracts the clock signals, the clock signals enter the MPS in any of the following
ways:
The clock signals enter the port on the panel of the GCUa board.
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The clock signals enter the port on the panel of an interface board that can extract line
clock signals, include EIUa/OIUa/PEUa/POUc board. The clock signals are then
switched to the GCUa board through the backplane.
The GCUa board generates oscillator clock signals.
l
If the EPS extracts the clock signals, the interface board that extracts clock signals must be
the EIUa/OIUa/PEUa board.
If the BSC6900 is configured with the Gb interface board, the Gb interface board extracts
clock signals either from the backplane or from the CN. The Gb interface board, however,
cannot extract clock signals from them simultaneously. If the PS services and CS services
use different clock sources and the clock signals are extracted from the CN, the Gb interface
board serves only the Gb interface.
Figure 4-6 shows the connections of the clock cables between the clock boards in the MPS and
the SCUa boards in the EPS when the BSC6900 is configured with active and standby clock
boards and SCUa boards.
Figure 4-6 Structure of the clock synchronization subsystem
The active and standby clock boards in the MPS are connected to the active and standby SCUa
boards in the EPS through the Y-shaped clock signal cables. This connection mode ensures that
the system clock of the BSC6900 works properly in the case of a single-point failure of the clock
board, Y-shaped clock signal cable, or SCUa board. In addition, the Y-shaped clock signal cable
ensures the proper working of the SCUa boards during the switchover of the active and standby
clock boards.
NOTE
In the MPS, the clock board sends clock signals to the SCUa board in the same subrack through the backplane
channel. Therefore, a Y-shaped clock signal cable is not required.
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Figure 4-7 shows the process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS when the clock
board extracts clock signals from an external device or from the GPS.
Figure 4-8 shows the process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS when the clock
board extracts LINE clock signals from the A interface.
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As shown in Figure 4-7 and Figure 4-8, the process of clock synchronization in the MPS/EPS
is as follows:
1.
If an external clock is used, external clock signals travel to the clock board through the port
on the panel of the clock board. If the GPS clock is used, clock signals travel to the clock
board through the GPS antenna port. If the LINE clock is used, clock signals travel to the
clock board through the backplane.
2.
The clock source is phase-locked in the clock board to generate clock signals. The clock
signals, then, are sent to the SCUa board in the MPS through the backplane and to the SCUa
board in each EPS through the clock signal output ports.
3.
The SCUa board in the MPS/EPS transmits the clock signals to the other boards in the same
subrack through the backplane.
NOTE
The Abis interface boards transmit the clock signals to the base stations.
1.
The TCS extracts LINE clock signals from the A interface. Then, the LINE clock signals
are processed by the A interface board to obtain the required clock signals.
2.
In the TCS, the A interface board transmits the clock signals to the SCUa board through
the backplane. Then, the SCUa board transmits the clock signals to the other boards in the
TCS.
NOTE
l In A over IP over Ethernet mode, the BSC6900 can extract only external clock signals.
l In A over IP over E1/T1 mode, the BSC6900 can extract only LINE clock signals.
4.4 OM Principle
OM is performed in the following scenarios: routine maintenance, emergency maintenance,
troubleshooting, device upgrade, and capacity expansion. In addition, OM can be performed to
rapidly adjust device status.
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NOTE
If the internal network and external network are on different network segments, ensure that the two networks
are isolated.
The physical entity of the OMU can be the OMUa board, OMUb board, or GBAM. Both the OMUa board and
the OMUb board can work in active/standby mode. The following takes the OMUa board as example to describe
the dual OM plane.
The dual OM plane design is implemented by the hardware that works in active/standby mode.
When an active component is faulty but the standby component works properly, a switchover
is automatically performed between the active and standby components, to ensure that the OM
channel works properly.
The active/standby OMUa boards use the same external virtual IP address to communicate with
the LMT or M2000 and use the same internal virtual IP address to communicate with the SCUa
board.
l
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When a single-point failure occurs on the switching network, the active/standby SCUa
boards in each subrack are switched over automatically to ensure that the OM channel
works properly.
4.4.2 OM Network
The OM network of the BSC6900 consists of the M2000, LMT, OMU, SCUa boards, and OM
modules in other boards.
NOTE
The physical entity of the OMU can be the OMUa board, OMUb board, or GBAM. The following takes the
OMUa board as example to describe environment monitoring.
NOTE
M2000
The M2000 is a centralized network management system. The M2000 is connected to the
BSC6900 through Ethernet cables. One M2000 can remotely manage multiple BSC6900s.
LMT
The LMT is connected to the OMUa board of the BSC6900 and works on the Windows XP
Professional or Windows Vista operating system. One or more LMTs can be connected to the
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OMUa board directly or through networks. The maintenance of the BSC6900 can be performed
locally or remotely through the LMT. The LMT is connected to an alarm box through a serial
cable.
OMUa Board
The OMUa board is the back administration module of the BSC6900. It is connected to an
external device through the Ethernet cable. The BSC6900 can be configured with one OMUa
board in independent mode or with two OMUa boards in active/standby mode.
The OMUa board functions as a bridge between the BSC6900 and the LMT/M2000. The OM
network of the BSC6900 is classified into the following networks:
l
Internal network: implements the communication between the OMUa board and the host
boards of the BSC6900.
External network: implements the communication between the OMUa board and external
devices, such as the LMT or M2000.
SCUa Board
The SCUa board is the switching and control board of the BSC6900. It is responsible for the
OM of the subrack where it is located. If a subrack is configured with two SCUa boards, then
the two boards work in active/standby mode.
The SCUa board performs OM on other boards in the same subrack through the backplane
channels. The SCUa boards in different subracks are connected through crossover cables.
2.
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3.
A switchover is performed between the active and standby workspaces of the active OMU.
The standby workspace that stores the new version of files becomes active, and the other
workspace becomes standby.
4.
5.
A switchover is performed between the active and standby workspaces of the standby OMU
to ensure that the versions of the workspaces are consistent with those of the active OMU.
6.
After the OMU version upgrade, the standby workspaces of the active and standby OMUs store
the files of the old version. In this case, version rollback can be performed as required.
The working principles of the OMU active/standby workspaces in the case of version rollback
are as follows:
1.
A switchover is performed between the active and standby workspaces of the active OMU.
The running version of the active OMU is rolled back to the pre-upgrade version.
2.
3.
A switchover is performed between the active and standby workspaces of the standby OMU
to ensure that the versions of the workspaces are consistent with those of the active OMU.
4.
Relation Between the Active/Standby Workspaces of Host Boards and the Active/
Standby Workspaces of the OMU
On the active workspaces of the host boards, files can be loaded only from the active workspace
of the OMU. On the standby workspaces of the host boards, files can be loaded only from the
standby workspace of the OMU.
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Relation Between the Active/Standby Workspaces of Host Boards and the Active/
Standby Workspaces of the OMU
On the active workspaces of the host boards, files can be loaded only from the active workspace
of the OMU. On the standby workspaces of the host boards, files can be loaded only from the
standby workspace of the OMU.
Effective mode
If data configuration is performed on the BSC6900 in effective mode, then the relevant
configuration data takes effect on the host boards in real time.
Ineffective mode
If data configuration is performed on the BSC6900 in ineffective mode, then the relevant
configuration data takes effect only after the BSC6900 is reset or is switched to the effective
mode.
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2.
The configuration console (LMT or M2000) sends MML commands to the configuration
management module of the OMU.
3.
The configuration management module of the OMU sends the configuration data to the
database of the related host board and writes the data to the OMU database.
2.
The configuration console (LMT or M2000) sends MML commands to the configuration
management module of the OMU.
3.
The configuration management module sends only the configuration data to the OMU
database.
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4 Working Principles
When a subrack or the BSC6900 is reset, the OMU formats the configuration data in the
database into a .dat file, loads the file onto the related host boards, and then activates the
configuration data.
WARNING
Data configuration rollback cannot be performed when the CM control enable switch is set to
ON, when the fast configuration mode is selected, or when batch configuration is performed.
Data configuration rollback consists of the following types of operation:
l
The data configuration rights management enables only one user to perform data
configuration on the BSC6900 through the LMT or M2000 at a time.
With the data configuration rights management, users cannot configure data for the BSC6900
at the same time.
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Check of the data consistency between the active and standby OMUs
If the BSC6900 is configured with the active and standby OMUs, the data on the active
OMU must be the same as that on the standby OMU, thus ensuring the reliability of the
BSC6900. If the active OMU is faulty, the standby OMU takes over the tasks after an active/
standby switchover.
Check of the data consistency between the OMU and the host boards
The data on the host boards must be the same as that on the OMU. Otherwise, the system
cannot run stably. In addition, some data modified by users cannot take effect. Figure
4-14 shows the procedure for the data consistency check.
Figure 4-14 Check of the data consistency between the OMU and the host boards
The procedure for checking the data consistency between the OMU and the host boards is as
follows:
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1.
On the LMT, a data consistency check command is sent to the OMU automatically on a
regular basis or manually.
2.
The OMU analyzes the parameters of the command and checks whether the data in the
board databases is the same as that in the OMU database.
3.
Rights Management
The rights management is performed to identify a user and define the rights of the user.
The BSC6900 supports multi-user operations. It performs hierarchical rights management for
users to ensure security. The BSC6900 authorizes users at multiple levels and assigns certain
rights to the users at each level. To log in to the LMT of the BSC6900, a user must enter the
registered user name and password, through which the BSC6900 identifies the user.
l
User types
Local users: refer to the accounts (including the default local account admin) managed
by only the BSC6900 LMT. This type of LMT users can log in to the LMT during the
BSC6900 installation and during the disconnection from the M2000.
Domain users: refer to the accounts that are created, changed, authenticated, and
authorized on the M2000. Domain users can manage the BSC6900 after logging in to
the LMT or after logging in to the M2000 server through the M2000 client.
User rights
Table 4-1 Definitions of the user rights
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Class
Rights
Com
mand
Grou
p
Description
Guest
G_0
G_2
G_4
G_6
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Class
User
Operator
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Rights
In addition to
the rights
granted to the
Guest, User
can perform
system OM.
In addition to
the rights
granted to the
User, the
Operator can
perform data
configuration
on the
equipment.
Com
mand
Grou
p
Description
G_8
G_13
G_7
G_9
G_10
G_11
G_12
G_14
G_3
G_5
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Class
Rights
Com
mand
Grou
p
Description
Adminis
trator
Administrator
has the highest
operation
rights. It can
manage all the
other users.
G_1
Custom
Log Management
Log management records the operation history and saves the related logs about the BSC6900.
Thus, it helps analyze and identify faults.
Table 4-2 lists the types of logs that are recorded when the BSC6900 is running.
Table 4-2 Types of logs
Type
Description
Running log
Operation log
Security log
Records the information on the operations that may affect the system
security, for example, the information on the change of user
password.
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NOTE
The OMU saves the log information in the buffer. When the log information reaches the specified limit
or the current time reaches the log record period, the OMU records the log file.
Inventory Management
The inventory management refers to the efficient and centralized management of the primary
configuration information about the equipment in the network.
By exporting and uploading the inventory information files on the M2000, you can learn the
physical and logical configurations of NEs. The inventory management system is deployed on
the M2000. It obtains the required inventory information from NEs through the related interfaces.
NEs report inventory information to the M2000 in the form of files, which contain the
information on the following aspects:
l
Equipment
Connection
Modules
Configurations
Peer equipment
Host version
Cabinets
Subracks
Slots
Ports
Antennas
If the M2000 reconnects to the BSC6900 within the maximum BSC buffering duration, the original performance
measurement data transmitted during the disconnection can be restored.
Figure 4-15 shows the process of collecting performance measurement data periodically by the
BSC6900.
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The user registers a performance measurement task and specifies the object, time, and item
attributes of the task on the M2000 client.
2.
Based on the performance measurement task, the M2000 server modifies the measurement
task file, sends it to the OMU, and issues a command to activate the modified measurement
task file.
3.
Based on the modified measurement task file, the OMU requests host boards to collect data
according to the new requirements. The OMU receives the measurement results from the
host boards and saves them as files.
4.
The OMU notifies the M2000 server of the measurement results and uploads the files into
the M2000 server. The M2000 server processes the files and saves them into the database.
5.
Based on the performance measurement task registered by the M2000 client, the M2000
server obtains the relevant results from the database, performs certain calculation on them,
and then sends the result to the M2000 client.
Measurement Types
Performance measurement objects are of three types: default measurement objects, optional
measurement objects, and real-time measurement objects.
l
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Setting the storage capacity and time limit for alarm logs
The BSC6900 can store the information of the alarms generated in the latest 90 days and
a maximum of 100,000 alarm logs. You can set the storage capacity and time limit as
required.
Alarm shielding
You can shield an alarm by alarm ID. Alternatively, you can shield a specific alarm or all
alarms of a BTS, cell, board, port, or DSP by setting alarm shielding conditions, thus
reducing the number of reported derivative alarms.
Alarm alert
When a fault alarm occurs, the BSC6900 can notify you by Email, icon flash, short message,
terminal sound, and audible and visual indication of alarm box.
Each board detects alarms and reports them to the OMU automatically. The OMU then classifies
these alarms into different severity levels and sends them to the LMT or the M2000 server. You
can view and manage alarm information on the LMT or M2000 client.
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The alarm management module of the OMU provides the following functions:
l
Alarm storage
The alarm management module stores the alarms in the database of the OMU.
Alarm processing
The alarm management module processes the operation commands from the LMT or
M2000 client and then returns the operation results to the LMT or M2000 client. These
commands include querying active alarms, querying alarm logs, and modifying alarm
configuration items.
Alarm triggering
If the generation of an alarm triggers another alarm, the alarm management module reports
the two alarms to the LMT or M2000 client.
Alarm recovery
After an alarm is handled, the system automatically clears the alarm. At the same time, the
alarm management module clears the alarm information from the LMT or M2000.
Alarm Box
The alarm box generates audible and visual alarms. The red, orange, yellow, and green alarm
indicators on the alarm box indicate the critical, major, minor, and warning alarms respectively.
Different alarm severity levels have different alarm sounds. Figure 4-17 shows the working
principle of the alarm box.
Figure 4-17 Working principle of the alarm box
The alarm box is connected to the LMT through a serial cable. When an alarm is reported, the
LMT forwards it to the alarm box. The alarm box then generates an audible and visual alarm.
You can stop alarm sounds, turn off alarm indicators, and reset the alarm box through the LMT.
The physical entity of the OMU can be the OMUa board, OMUb board, or GBAM. The following takes the
OMUa board as example to describe environment monitoring.
Principle of Loading
The OMUa board and the active SCUa board in each subrack play important roles during the
BSC6900 loading process.
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The OMUa board functions as the first-level center of the entire BSC6900 loading
management process. The loading and power-on of the OMUa board are independent of
other boards. The OMUa board processes the loading control requests of other boards.
The active SCUa board functions as the second-level center of the loading management
process. If the OMUa board is not in position, the active SCUa board in a subrack processes
the loading control requests from the other boards in the same subrack. If the SCUa boards
in an extension subrack are not started, the active SCUa board in the main subrack processes
the loading control requests from the boards in the extension subrack.
The SCUa board in the main TCS functions as the file transfer server during the TCS loading
process. If a board in a TCS needs to load files from the OMUa board, the SCUa board in
the main TCS downloads the files from the OMUa board and then processes the file
download request from the board.
Loading Process
The BSC6900 loading process varies according to the configuration mode of subracks and the
location of TCS.
l
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1.
2.
After receiving the BOOTP request message from the board, the OMUa board
generates a BOOTP response message and sends it to the board. The response
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3.
4.
If the OMUa board is not started or is in ineffective mode, the loading process is as
follows:
1.
2.
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2.
After receiving the BOOTP request message from the board, the OMUa board
generates a BOOTP response message and sends it to the board. The response
message contains the loading control parameter, IP address, and version
information.
3.
After receiving the BOOTP response message, the board in the MPS or EPS loads
the program files and data files according to the loading control parameter.
4.
After the Ater interface board in the MPS loads the program files and data files, it
functions as the loading proxy of the Ater interface board in the main TCS and
forwards the BOOTP request and response messages.
5.
After the Ater interface board in the main TCS loads the program files and data
files, it functions as the loading proxy of the other boards in the TCS and forwards
the BOOTP request and response messages.
6.
After receiving the response messages, the other boards in the TCS load program
files and data files according to the loading control parameter.
7.
If the OMUa board is not started or is in ineffective mode, the loading process is as
follows:
1.
2.
If the board does not receive any response 30 seconds after the request is sent, the
SCUa board loads the program files and data files from its flash memory.
3.
After the SCUa board in the MPS loads the program files and data files, it processes
the BOOTP requests from the other boards in the MPS and from the SCUa board
in the EPS.
4.
After the SCUa board in the EPS loads the program files and data files, it processes
the BOOTP requests from the other boards in the same subrack.
5.
After receiving the response messages, the other boards in the EPS load program
files and data files according to the loading control parameter.
6.
After the Ater interface board in the MPS loads the program files and data files, it
functions as the loading proxy of the Ater interface board in the main TCS and
forwards the BOOTP request and response messages.
7.
After the Ater interface board in the main TCS loads the program files and data
files, it functions as the loading proxy of the other boards in the TCS and forwards
the BOOTP request and response messages.
8.
After receiving the response messages, the other boards in the TCS load program
files and data files from their flash memories.
9.
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2.
After receiving the BOOTP request message from the board, the OMUa board
generates a BOOTP response message and sends it to the board. The response
message contains the loading control parameter, IP address, and version
information.
3.
After receiving the response message, the board loads the program files and data
files according to the loading control parameter.
4.
If the OMUa board is not started or is in ineffective mode, the loading process is as
follows:
1.
2.
If the board does not receive any response 30 seconds after the request is sent, the
SCUa board loads the program files and data files from its flash memory.
3.
After the SCUa board in the MPS loads the program files and data files, it processes
the BOOTP requests from the other boards in the MPS and from the SCUa board
in the EPS.
4.
After the SCUa board in the EPS loads the program files and data files, it processes
the BOOTP requests from the other boards in the same subrack.
5.
After receiving the response messages, the other boards in the MPS/EPS load
program files and data files from their flash memories.
6.
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Upgrade Scenarios
The BSC6900 needs to be upgraded to rectify the existing defects and to support new functions,
higher specifications, and later protocol standards. The upgraded version can provide better QoS.
Upgrade Mode
You can use the dedicated upgrade tool to upgrade the BSC6900 through the OM network of
the BSC6900. See Figure 4-21.
Figure 4-21 Upgrade through the OM network
NOTE
Upgrade Process
The BSC6900 is upgraded remotely by using the dedicated upgrade tool, which consists of the
upgrade client and the upgrade server. Figure 4-22 shows the upgrade process.
Figure 4-22 Upgrade process
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NOTE
1.
The user sends the upgrade version files and the upgrade server program to the specified
directories of the active OMU through the network.
2.
The user connects the client PC to the active OMU and then starts the upgrade client on
the client PC and the upgrade server on the active OMU to set up the connection between
the upgrade client and the upgrade server.
3.
The upgrade server synchronizes the version files of the standby OMU with those of the
active OMU.
4.
The user starts the upgrade server on the standby OMU and sets up the connection between
the upgrade server on the standby OMU and the upgrade server on the active OMU.
5.
The upgrade server on the active OMU performs health check on the data and files in the
active workspace of the active OMU and then backs them up before the upgrade.
6.
The upgrade server of the active OMU upgrades the software in the standby workspace of
the active OMU. At the same time, the upgrade server of the standby OMU upgrades the
software in the standby workspace of the standby OMU.
7.
The upgrade server of the active OMU upgrades the data in the standby workspace of the
active OMU.
8.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues a command to load the host program, DSP,
BOOTROM, and data files in the standby workspace of the active OMU onto the standby
workspaces of the host boards so that the standby workspaces of the boards are
synchronized with the standby workspace of the active OMU.
9.
The upgrade server of the active OMU issues a command to switch over the active and
standby workspaces of the active OMU to upgrade the active OMU.
10. The upgrade server of the active OMU issues a command to reset all the standby boards of
the BSC6900.
11. After the reset, all the standby boards of the BSC6900 automatically load the program files
and data files from the standby workspaces of their flash memories to upgrade the boards.
12. After the upgrade server of the active OMU detects that all the standby boards are started,
it issues a command to reset all the active boards of the BSC6900.
13. When the active boards are being reset, the original standby boards become active.
Similarly, after the reset, all the original active boards automatically load the program files
and data files from the standby workspaces of their flash memories to upgrade themselves.
14. After the service verification is successful, the upgrade server of the active OMU issues a
command to switch over the active and standby workspaces of the standby OMU so as to
upgrade the standby OMU. After the switchover, the standby OMU automatically
synchronizes with the active OMU.
The upgrade is complete.
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For the BTS connected to an IP Abis interface board, the loading management process is
as follows:
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1.
After the BTS is started, it attempts to establish the OML and then broadcasts a DHCP
request over the OML.
2.
After receiving the DHCP request, the SCUa board in the subrack, in which the Abis
interface board connected to the BTS is located, processes the request and sends a
DHCP response to the BTS. Through this response, the SCUa board notifies the BTS
of the IP address of the BTS board and the IP address of the OMUa board.
3.
Based on the version number of the BTS, the BSC6900 reads the version configuration
file from the corresponding BTS version directory on the hard disk of the OMUa board,
obtains the information about the software version numbers of all the BTS boards,
and then sends the information to the BTS.
4.
After obtaining the software version numbers, the BTS automatically checks whether
the number of the version running on each board is the same as the obtained number.
If there is any inconsistency, the BTS requests the BSC6900 to load and activate the
version software.
5.
After running the version software, the BTS requests the BSC6900 for configuration
data.
6.
The OMUa board obtains the BTS configuration data from its database and sends it
to the BTS through messages. Then, the BTS is initialized.
For the BTS connected to a non-IP Abis interface board, the loading management process
is as follows:
1.
2.
The BSC6900 sends a version check request to the BTS. Then, the BTS reports its
version information to the BSC6900.
3.
The BSC6900 checks the BTS version number. If the BTS version does not match the
BSC6900 version, the BSC6900 sends a version loading request to the BTS,
instructing the BTS boards to obtain and load program files from the OMUa board.
4.
After receiving a loading completion indication message from the BTS, the
BSC6900 sends a version activation request to the BTS, instructing the BTS boards
to run the new version.
5.
After running the version software, the BTS requests the BSC6900 for configuration
data.
6.
The OMUa board obtains the BTS configuration data from its database and sends it
to the BTS through messages. Then, the BTS is initialized.
The physical entity of the OMU can be the OMUa board, OMUb board, or GBAM. The following takes the
OMUa board as example to describe environment monitoring.
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b.
The OMUa board responds to the request. The LMT or M2000 downloads the BTS
software to the specified directory on the OMUa board through FTP.
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2.
3.
4.
4 Working Principles
The LMT or M2000 sends a loading command to the OMUa board. The OMUa board
then sends the loading command to the BTS.
b.
The BTS responds to the command. The OMUa board and the SCUa board perform
the BTS loading management and load the software from the OMUa board to the
BTS.
b.
The OMUa board checks the activation command and then forwards it to the BTS.
c.
You should verify services to ensure that the BTS is successfully upgraded.
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Signal Flow
Definitions
l
User plane
User plane refers to the set of logical functions of the BSC6900 that process the service
data, including the speech data and packet data.
Control plane
Control plane refers to the set of logical functions of the BSC6900 that process the control
signaling, including the call control signaling and the connection control signaling.
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l The Abis, Ater, and A interface boards can be the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board. The boards shown in Figure
5-1, Figure 5-2, and Figure 5-3 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Abis interface board. Each CS signal uses a 64
Kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the TNUa board and then to the Ater interface board.
3.
The CS signals are multiplexed in the Ater interface board. Each full-rate CS signal uses a
16 Kbit/s sub-timeslot, and each half-rate CS signal uses an 8 Kbit/s sub-timeslot. The CS
signals are then transmitted to the Ater interface board in the TCS over the Ater interface.
4.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Ater interface board of the TCS. Each CS signal
uses a 64 Kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the TNUa board and then to the DPUc board.
5.
The DPUc board performs speech codec and rate adaptation on the CS signals, which are
converted to 64 Kbit/s PCM frames. The 64 Kbit/s PCM frames are transmitted to the TNUa
board, to the A interface board, and then to the MSS over the A interface.
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Figure 5-2 shows the CS signal flow in Abis over TDM, Ater over IP, A over TDM, and BM/
TC separated mode.
Figure 5-2 GSM CS signal flow (2)
The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Abis interface board. Each CS signal uses a 64
Kbit/s timeslot. The CS signals are transmitted to the TNUa board and then to the DPUc
board.
3.
The CS signals are converted from TRAU frames to PTRAU frames in the DPUc board.
4.
The CS signals are transmitted to the SCUa board and then to the Ater interface board.
5.
The CS signals are multiplexed in the Ater interface board. Each full-rate CS signal uses a
16 Kbit/s sub-timeslot, and each half-rate CS signal uses an 8 Kbit/s sub-timeslot. The CS
signals are then transmitted to the Ater interface board in the TCS over the Ater interface.
6.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Ater interface board of the TCS. Each CS signal
uses a 64 Kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the SCUa board and then to the DPUc board.
7.
The DPUc board adjusts the order of PTRAU frames, eliminates jitter, and performs speech
codec and rate adaptation on CS signals, which are converted to 64 Kbit/s PCM frames.
The 64 Kbit/s PCM frames are transmitted to the TNUa board, to the A interface board,
and then to the MSS over the A interface.
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The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Abis interface board. Each CS signal uses a 64
Kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the TNUa board and then to the DPUc board.
3.
The DPUc board performs speech codec and rate adaptation on the CS signals, which are
converted to 64 Kbit/s PCM frames. The 64 Kbit/s PCM frames are transmitted to the TNUa
board, to the A interface board, and then to the MSS over the A interface.
l The Abis interface board can be the PEUa/FG2a/GOUa/POUc/FG2c/GOUc board, and the Ater and A
interface boards can be the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board. The boards shown in Figure 5-4, Figure 5-5, and
Figure 5-6 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The CS signals are transmitted from the Abis interface board to the SCUa board and then
to the DPUc board.
3.
The DPUc board reorders PTRAU frames, eliminates jitter, and converts PTRAU frames
into TRAU frames. Then, the TRAU frames are transmitted to the TNUa board and then
to the Ater interface board.
4.
The CS signals are multiplexed in the Ater interface board in the MPS/EPS, and then are
transmitted to the Ater interface board in the TCS.
5.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Ater interface board of the TCS. Each CS signal
uses a 64 Kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the TNUa board and then to the DPUc board.
6.
The DPUc board performs speech codec and rate adaptation on the CS signals, which are
converted to 64 Kbit/s PCM frames. The 64 Kbit/s PCM frames are transmitted to the TNUa
board, to the A interface board, and then to the MSS over the A interface.
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The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Abis interface board. Each CS signal uses a 64
Kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the SCUa board and then to the Ater interface board.
3.
The CS signals are multiplexed in the Ater interface board. Each full-rate CS signal uses a
16 Kbit/s sub-timeslot, and each half-rate CS signal uses an 8 Kbit/s sub-timeslot. The CS
signals are then transmitted to the Ater interface board in the TCS over the Ater interface.
4.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Ater interface board of the TCS. Each CS signal
uses a 64 Kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the SCUa board and then to the DPUc board.
5.
The DPUc board adjusts the order of PTRAU frames, eliminates jitter, and performs speech
codec and rate adaptation on CS signals, which are converted to 64 Kbit/s PCM frames.
The 64 Kbit/s PCM frames are transmitted to the TNUa board, to the A interface board,
and then to the MSS over the A interface.
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The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The CS signals are transmitted to the SCUa board and then to the DPUc board.
3.
The DPUc board reorders PTRAU frames, eliminates jitter, and performs speech codec and
rate adaptation on the PTRAU frames, which are converted into 64 Kbit/s PCM frames.
4.
The 64 Kbit/s PCM frames are transmitted to the TNUa board, to the A interface board,
and then to the MSS over the A interface.
l The Abis interface board can be the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board, and the A interface board can be the FG2a/
GOUa/FG2c/GOUc/POUc board. The boards shown in Figure 5-7 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The CS signals are demultiplexed in the Abis interface board. Each CS signal uses a 64
Kbit/s timeslot and is transmitted to the TNUa board and then to the DPUc board.
3.
The DPUc board converts TRAU frames into RTP frames, adjusts the order of RTP frames,
and eliminates jitter.
4.
The SCUa board transmits the CS signals to the A interface board, which then transmits
the signals to the MSS over the A interface.
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NOTE
l The Abis interface board can be the PEUa/FG2a/GOUa/POUc/FG2c/GOUc board, and the A interface board
can be the FG2a/GOUa/PEUa/FG2c/GOUc/POUc board. The boards shown in Figure 5-8 are only
examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
The uplink CS signals are sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The Abis interface board encapsulates the CS signals in PTRAU frames, which are
transmitted to the SCUa board and then to the DPUc board.
3.
The DPUc board converts PTRAU frames into RTP frames, reorders RTP frames, and
eliminates jitter.
4.
The SCUa board transmits the CS signals to the A interface board, and then the A interface
board transmits the signals to the MSS over the A interface.
l The Abis interface board can be the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board, and the Gb interface board can be the PEUa/
FG2a/POUc/FG2c/GOUc board. The boards shown in Figure 5-9 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
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The packet data is sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS. The data
uses one to four 16 kbit/s sub-timeslots on the Abis interface, depending on the modulation
and coding scheme, for example, CS1-CS4 or MCS1-MCS9.
2.
The Abis interface board transmits the packet data to the TNUa board, which then transmits
the data to the DPUd board.
3.
The DPUd board converts the frame format and then transmits the data to the Gb interface
board through the SCUa board.
4.
The Gb interface board processes the packet data according to the IP or FR protocol and
then transmits it to the SGSN over the Gb interface.
Abis over IP
Figure 5-10 shows the PS signal flow in Abis over IP transmission mode.
NOTE
l The Abis interface board can be the PEUa/FG2a/GOUa/POUc/FG2c/GOUc board, and the Gb interface
board can be the PEUa/FG2a/POUc/FG2c/GOUc board. The boards shown in Figure 5-10 are only
examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
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The packet data is sent from the BTS to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS.
2.
The SCUa board transmits the packet data to the DPUd board.
3.
The DPUd board converts the frame format and then transmits the data to the Gb interface
board through the SCUa board.
4.
The Gb interface board processes the packet data according to the IP or FR protocol and
then transmits it to the SGSN over the Gb interface.
NOTE
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
l The boards shown in Figure 5-11 are only examples.
The CBC sends the broadcast data to the XPUa board of the BSC6900 over the CBC-BSC
interface. The XPUa board processes the data according to the related protocols and then
sends it to the Abis interface board.
NOTE
If the XPUa board in a subrack cannot process the data, the data is switched by the MPS to the XPUa
board in another subrack.
2.
The Abis interface board processes the data and then sends it to the BTS.
3.
The BTS broadcasts the data to the MSs in the cells served by the base station.
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5 Signal Flow
A over TDM
In A over TDM mode, the signaling flow on the A interface varies according to the configuration
mode of BSC6900 subracks.
l
Figure 5-12 shows the signaling flow on the A interface in BM/TC separated mode.
Figure 5-13 shows the signaling flow on the A interface in BM/TC combined mode.
NOTE
l The A interface board can be the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board, and the XPUa/XPUb board processes signaling.
The boards shown in Figure 5-12 and Figure 5-13 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
Figure 5-12 Signaling flow on the A interface in A over TDM mode (BM/TC separated)
As shown in Figure 5-12, the uplink signaling flow on the A interface is as follows:
1.
In the MPS/EPS, the XPUa board processes the signaling according to the MTP3, SCCP,
and BSSAP protocols. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the Ater interface board through
the SCUa board.
2.
The Ater interface board processes the signaling according to the MTP2 protocol. Then,
the signaling is transmitted to the Ater interface board in the TCS.
3.
In the TCS, the Ater interface board transparently transmits the signaling to the TNUa board
and then to the A interface board. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the MSS over the A
interface.
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Figure 5-13 Signaling flow on the A interface in A over TDM mode (BM/TC combined)
As shown in Figure 5-13, the uplink signaling flow on the A interface is as follows:
1.
In the MPS/EPS, the XPUa board processes the signaling according to the MTP3, SCCP,
and BSSAP protocols. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the A interface board through
the SCUa board.
2.
The A interface board processes the signaling according to the MTP2 protocol. Then, the
signaling is transmitted to the MSS over the A interface.
A over IP
Figure 5-14 shows the signaling flow on the A interface in A over IP mode.
NOTE
l The A interface board can be the FG2a/GOUa/FG2c/GOUc/POUc board, and the XPUa/XPUb board
processes signaling. The boards shown in Figure 5-14 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
As shown in Figure 5-14, the uplink signaling flow on the A interface is as follows:
1.
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In the MPS/EPS, the XPUa board processes the signaling according to the BSSAP, SCCP,
SCTP, and M3UA protocols. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the A interface board
through the SCUa board.
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2.
5 Signal Flow
The A interface board processes the signaling according to the IP protocol. Then, the
signaling is transmitted to the MSS server.
l The Abis interface board can be the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board, and the XPUa/XPUb board performs signaling
processing. The boards shown in Figure 5-15 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
Figure 5-15 Signaling flow on the Abis interface in Abis over TDM mode
As shown in Figure 5-15, the uplink signaling flow on the Abis interface is as follows:
1.
The signaling from the BTS is transmitted to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS over
the Abis interface and is then transmitted to the SCUa board.
2.
The SCUa board transmits the signaling to the signaling processing board.
Abis over IP
Figure 5-16 shows the signaling flow on the Abis interface in Abis over IP mode.
NOTE
l The Abis interface board can be the FG2a/GOUa/PEUa/FG2c/GOUc/POUc board, and the XPUa/XPUb
board performs signaling processing. The boards shown in Figure 5-16 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
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Figure 5-16 Signaling flow on the Abis interface in Abis over IP mode
As shown in Figure 5-16, the uplink signaling flow on the Abis interface is as follows:
1.
The signaling from the BTS is transmitted to the Abis interface board in the MPS/EPS over
the Abis interface.
2.
The Abis interface board processes the signaling according to the MAC, IP, and UDP
protocols. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the signaling processing board through the
SCUa board.
l The Gb interface board can be the PEUa/FG2a/POUc/FG2c board, and the XPUa/XPUb board performs
signaling processing. The boards shown in Figure 5-17 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
As shown in Figure 5-17, the uplink signaling flow on the Gb interface is as follows:
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1.
In the MPS/EPS, the signaling processing board processes the signaling according to the
NS and BSSGP protocols. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the Gb interface board
through the SCUa board.
2.
The Gb interface board processes the signaling according to the IP or FR protocol. Then,
the signaling is transmitted to the SGSN over the Gb interface.
l The Pb interface board can be the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board, and the XPUa board performs signaling
processing. The boards shown in Figure 5-18 are only examples.
l The INT in the figure stands for the interface board. You can use different interface boards as required.
As shown in Figure 5-18, the uplink signaling flow on the Pb interface is as follows:
1.
In the MPS/EPS, the signaling processing board processes the signaling according to the
IP and RR protocols. Then, the signaling is transmitted to the Pb interface board through
the SCUa board.
2.
The Pb interface board processes the signaling according to the LAPD protocol. Then, the
signaling is transmitted to the PCU over the Pb interface.
The physical entity of the OMU can be the OMUa board, OMUb board, or GBAM. The following takes the
OMUa board as example to describe environment monitoring.
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5 Signal Flow
The OM signal is transmitted from the LMT or M2000 to the OMUa board in the
MPS.
2.
After the OM signal is processed by the OMUa board, it is transmitted to the SCUa
board through the backplane of the MPS.
3.
The SCUa board then transmits the OM signal to the service boards to be maintained.
The OM signal is transmitted from the LMT or M2000 to the OMUa board in the
MPS.
2.
After the OM signal is processed by the OMUa board, it is transmitted to the SCUa
board through the backplane of the MPS.
3.
The SCUa board in the MPS transmits the OM signal to the SCUa board in the EPS
through the Ethernet cable between the SCUa boards.
4.
In the EPS, the SCUa board transmits the OM signal to the service boards to be
maintained.
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The OM signal is transmitted from the LMT or M2000 to the OMUa board in the
MPS.
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2.
After being processed by the OMUa board, the OM signal is transmitted to the SCUa
and Ater interface boards through the backplane of the MPS.
3.
The OM signal is transmitted from the Ater interface board in the MPS to the Ater
interface board in the main TCS through the E1/T1 or optical cable between the Ater
interface boards. In the main TCS, the OM signal is transmitted from the Ater interface
board to the SCUa board through the backplane.
4.
In the main TCS, the backplane switches the signal from the SCUa board to the service
boards to be maintained. The OM signal is transmitted from the SCUa board in the
main TCS to the SCUa board in the extension TCS through the Ethernet cable between
the SCUa boards. In the extension TCS, the backplane switches the signal from the
SCUa board to the service boards to be maintained.
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The OM signal is transmitted from the LMT or M2000 to the OMUa board in the
MPS.
2.
After the OM signal is processed by the OMUa board, it is transmitted to the SCUa
board in the MPS through the backplane of the MPS.
3.
The SCUa board then transmits the OM signal to the service boards to be maintained.
The OM signal is transmitted from the LMT or M2000 to the OMUa board in the
MPS.
2.
After the OM signal is processed by the OMUa board, it is transmitted to the SCUa
board in the MPS through the backplane of the MPS.
3.
The SCUa board in the MPS transmits the OM signal to the SCUa board in the EPS
through the Ethernet cable between the SCUa boards.
4.
In the EPS, the SCUa board transmits the OM signal to the service boards to be
maintained.
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5 Signal Flow
Scenario 3: A over IP
In BM/TC combined mode, no TCS is configured, and the TC function is performed by the
media gateway (MGW). The OM signal flow in A over IP mode is the same as that in BM/TC
combined mode.
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Figure 6-1 shows the networking on the A interface in local TCS mode.
Figure 6-2 shows the networking on the A interface in remote TCS mode.
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IP over E1 Networking
In this networking mode, the PEUa/POUc board of the BSC6900 functions as the A interface
board. The PEUa board provides E1/T1 ports, and the POUc board provides channelized STM-1
ports and OC-3 ports. Figure 6-4 shows the IP over E1 networking on the A interface. The Gb
interface does not support the IP over E1 networking mode.
Figure 6-4 IP over E1 networking on the A interface
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optical ports. The GOUc board functions as the Gb interface board and provides GE optical
ports. See Figure 6-5.
Figure 6-5 IP over Ethernet networking on the A/Gb interface
TDM-Based Networking
In this networking mode, the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board of the BSC6900 functions as the Abis
interface board. The EIUa board provides E1/T1 ports, the OIUa board provides channelized
STM-1 ports, and the POUc board provides channelized STM-1 ports and OC-3 ports. Figure
6-6 shows the TDM-based networking on the Abis interface.
Figure 6-6 TDM-based networking on the Abis interface
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IP over E1 Networking
In this networking mode, the BSC6900 and the base station communicate with each other through
the SDH/PDH network. The PEUa/POUc board functions as the Abis interface board. The PEUa
board provides E1/T1 ports, and the POUc board provides STM-1 ports and OC-3 ports. See
Figure 6-7.
Figure 6-7 IP over E1 Networking
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IP over E1 Networking
Telecom operators can make full use of the SDH/PDH transmission network resources.
The networking is mature, QoS-assured, safe, and reliable.
Disadvantages:
l
IP over E1 Networking
This networking mode does not meet the requirements of the evolution from the telecom
network to the IP network.
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and IP-based networking on the Ater interface, can be adopted between the BM subrack and the
TC subrack.
TDM-Based Networking
In this networking mode, the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board of the BSC6900 functions as the Ater
interface board. The EIUa board provides E1/T1 ports, the OIUa board provides channelized
STM-1 ports, and the POUc board provides channelized STM-1 ports and OC-3 ports. Figure
6-10 shows the TDM-based networking on the Ater interface.
Figure 6-10 TDM-based networking on the Ater interface
IP-Based Networking
In this networking mode, the POUc board of the BSC6900 functions as the Ater interface board
and provides channelized STM-1 ports and OC-3 ports. Figure 6-11 shows the IP-based
networking on the Ater interface.
Figure 6-11 IP-based networking on the Ater interface
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TDM-Based Networking
In this networking mode, the EIUa/OIUa/POUc board of the BSC6900 functions as the Pb
interface board. The EIUa board provides E1/T1 ports, the OIUa board provides channelized
STM-1 ports, and the POUc board provides channelized STM-1 ports and OC-3 ports. Figure
6-12 shows the TDM-based networking on the Pb interface.
Figure 6-12 TDM-based networking on the Pb interface
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7 Parts Reliability
Parts Reliability
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7 Parts Reliability
7.1.1 Backup
Backup is a process of synchronization between the active and standby units. In backup mode,
two units of the same type work in active/standby mode, with one working as the active unit and
the other working as the standby unit. When the active unit is faulty, the active and standby units
are switched over, and the standby unit takes over the tasks from the active unit. In this manner,
the impact of unit failure on services is minimized.
Backup Types
l
Board Backup
In board backup mode, two boards work in active/standby mode, with one working as the
active board and the other working as the standby board. Services can be processed by
either the active board only or both the active and standby boards. If the active board is
faulty, the BSC6900 automatically switches over the active and standby boards.
Port Backup
In port backup mode, two ports work in active/standby mode, with one working as the
active port and the other working as the standby port. Data is transmitted through either the
active port only or both the active and standby ports. If the active port is faulty, the
BSC6900 automatically switches over the active and standby ports.
1:1 Backup
The active and standby units work simultaneously. The normal operation of the system is
ensured as long as one unit works properly.
When the active and standby units working in 1+1 warm backup mode are switched over, the established
services may or may not be disrupted. If the established services are not disrupted and the impact on the
services is acceptable, the impact on the services in 1+1 warm backup mode is equivalent to that in hot
backup mode.
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units are switched over, the established services are disrupted. When the active unit is faulty,
the standby unit takes over the tasks from the active unit.
l
l The active and standby XPUa/XPUb boards of the BSC6900 work in 1:1 backup or 1+1 warm backup mode.
l The DPUa/DPUc/DPUd boards of the BSC6900 work in resource pool mode.
l Other active and standby boards of the BSC6900 work in 1+1 warm backup mode.
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Switchover Modes
The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and standby EIUa boards.
The active EIUa board is reset, but the standby EIUa board works properly.
The active EIUa board is faulty, but the standby EIUa board works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby EIUa boards are switched over, the active EIUa board becomes
standby after being reset, and the other EIUa board becomes active.
Switchover Modes
The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and standby OIUa boards.
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The active OIUa board is reset, and the standby OIUa board works properly.
The active OIUa board is faulty, but the standby OIUa board works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby OIUa boards are switched over, the active OIUa board becomes
standby after being reset, and the other OIUa board becomes active.
Switchover Modes
The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and standby PEUa boards.
The active PEUa board is reset, but the standby PEUa board works properly.
The active PEUa board is faulty, but the standby PEUa board works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby PEUa boards are switched over, the active PEUa board becomes
standby after being reset, and the other PEUa board becomes active.
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Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby SCUa boards perform a switchover
automatically.
Manual switchover: The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and
standby SCUa boards.
The active SCUa board is reset, but the standby SCUa board works properly.
The active SCUa board is faulty, but the standby SCUa board works properly.
The clock source of the active SCUa board is faulty, but that of the standby SCUa board
works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby SCUa boards are switched over, the active SCUa board becomes
standby after being reset, and the other SCUa board becomes active.
Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby TNUa boards perform a switchover
automatically.
Manual switchover: The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and
standby TNUa boards.
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The active TNUa board is reset, but the standby TNUa board works properly.
The active TNUa board is faulty, but the standby TNUa board works properly.
The clock source of the active TNUa board is faulty, but that of the standby TNUa board
works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby TNUa boards are switched over, the active TNUa board becomes
standby after being reset, and the other TNUa board becomes active.
Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards perform a switchover
automatically.
Manual switchover: The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and
standby FG2a/FG2c boards.
The active FG2a/FG2c board is reset, but the standby FG2a/FG2c board works properly.
The active FG2a/FG2c board is faulty, but the standby FG2a/FG2c board works properly.
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Switchover Process
When the active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards are switched over, the active FG2a/FG2c board
becomes standby after being reset, and the other FG2a/FG2c board becomes active.
NOTE
If the FG2a/FG2c boards work in board backup with port backup mode, after an active/standby switchover,
the BSC6900 determines the active and standby ports and defines the port load sharing strategy.
When the FG2a/FG2c boards work in board backup with no port backup mode, The
switchover between the active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards does not affect ongoing
services.
When the FG2a/FG2c boards work in board backup with port backup mode, the switchover
between the active and standby FG2a/FG2c boards slightly affects data transmission but
does not disrupt ongoing services.
Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby GCUa/GCGa boards perform a switchover
automatically.
Manual switchover: The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and
standby GCUa/GCGa boards.
The active GCUa/GCGa board is reset, but the standby GCUa/GCGa board works properly.
The active GCUa/GCGa board is faulty, but the standby GCUa/GCGa board works
properly.
The clock source of the active GCUa/GCGa board is faulty, but that of the standby GCUa/
GCGa board works properly.
NOTE
The GCGa board supports the GPS clock. If the satellite card in the active GCGa board is faulty but that
in the standby GCGa board works properly, the active and standby GCGa boards are switched over.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby GCUa/GCGa boards are switched over, the active GCUa/GCGa
board becomes standby after being reset, and the other GCUa/GCGa board becomes active.
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Switchover Modes
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Manual switchover: The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and
standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUd boards.
The active GOUa/GOUc/GOUd board is reset, but the standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUd board
works properly.
The active GOUa/GOUc/GOUd board is faulty, but the standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUd board
works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUd boards are switched over, the active GOUa/
GOUc/GOUd board becomes standby after being reset, and the other GOUa/GOUc/GOUd board
becomes active.
NOTE
If the GOUa/GOUc/GOUd boards work in board backup with port backup mode, the BSC6900 determines
the active and standby ports and defines the port load sharing strategy after an active/standby switchover.
When the GOUa/GOUc/GOUd boards work in board backup with no port backup mode,
the switchover between the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUd boards does not affect
ongoing services.
When the GOUa/GOUc/GOUd boards work in board backup with port backup mode, the
switchover between the active and standby GOUa/GOUc/GOUd boards slightly affects
data transmission but does not disrupt ongoing services.
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Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby OMUa/OMUb boards perform a switchover
automatically.
Manual switchover: The SWP OMU command can be used to switch over the active and
standby OMUa/OMUb boards.
The active and standby OMUa/OMUb boards automatically perform a switchover only
when one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
The standby OMUa/OMUb board fails to detect the heartbeat information from the
active OMUa/OMUb board for five consecutive minutes.
The active OMUa/OMUb board fails to detect the virtual IP address for three
consecutive minutes, but the standby OMUa/OMUb board works properly.
Both the active and standby OMUa/OMUb boards work properly for one period, and
no switchover occurs during the period.
NOTE
By default, the period for automatic switchover between the active and standby OMUa/OMUb
boards is 90 days. You can also use the SET ASWPARA command to set the period for automatic
switchover.
Manual switchover can be performed only when the standby OMUa/OMUb board works
properly and the state of data synchronization between the active and standby OMUa/
OMUb boards is Data synchronization is successful.
NOTE
You can use the DSP OMU command to query the state of data synchronization between the active
and standby OMUa/OMUb boards.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby OMUa/OMUb boards are switched over, the active OMUa/
OMUb board becomes standby, and the other OMUa/OMUb board becomes active.
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Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby POUc boards perform a switchover
automatically.
Manual switchover: The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and
standby POUc boards.
The active POUc board is reset, but the standby POUc board works properly.
The active POUc board is faulty, but the standby POUc board works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby POUc boards are switched over, the active POUc board becomes
standby after being reset, and the other POUc board becomes active.
NOTE
After an active/standby switchover, the BSC6900 determines the active and standby ports according to the
MSP protocol strategy.
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When two XPUa/XPUb boards are configured to work in backup mode, one XPUa/XPUb board
is active and the other is standby. The active board processes services. The standby board
synchronizes its data with that on the active board in real time.
Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby XPUa/XPUb boards perform a switchover
automatically.
Manual switchover: The SWP BRD command can be used to switch over the active and
standby XPUa/XPUb boards.
The active XPUa/XPUb board is reset, but the standby XPUa/XPUb board works properly.
The active XPUa/XPUb board is faulty, but the standby XPUa/XPUb board works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby XPUa/XPUb boards are switched over, the active XPUa/XPUb
board becomes standby after being reset, and the other XPUa/XPUb board becomes active.
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Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby optical ports perform a switchover
automatically.
Manual switchover: The SET MSPCMD command can be used to switch over the active
and standby optical ports.
The active optical port is faulty, but the standby optical port works properly.
The active board is faulty, but the standby board works properly.
The optical transmission device connected to the active optical port is faulty, but the optical
transmission device connected to the standby optical port works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby optical ports are switched over, the active optical port stops
receiving data and becomes standby, and the original standby optical port starts to receive data
and becomes active.
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In FE/GE port backup mode, one port is active and the other is standby. The active port transmits
and receives data.
When the boards work in active/standby mode, you can use the ADD ETHREDPORT
command to configure the FE/GE ports on the active and standby boards to work in port backup
mode.
Switchover Modes
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Automatic switchover: The active and standby ports on the active and standby FG2a/GOUa/
FG2c/GOUc boards perform a switchover automatically.
Manual switchover: The SWP ETHPORT command can be used to switch over the active
and standby ports on the FG2a/GOUa/FG2c/GOUc boards.
The active port is faulty, but the standby port works properly.
The active board is faulty, but the standby board works properly.
Switchover Process
When the active and standby ports are switched over, the active port stops receiving and sending
data and becomes standby, and the original standby port starts to receive and send data and
becomes active.
Prerequisites
The BSC6900 supports load sharing between FE/GE ports that are located either on the same
board or on active and standby boards.
NOTE
The BSC6900 does not support load sharing between the FE/GE ports on non-active/standby boards.
The BSC6900 does not support load sharing between active and standby ports.
Working Principles
Load sharing between FE/GE ports is based on the user type. That is the data of a type of user
is carried on one FE/GE port, and that of another type of user is carried on another FE/GE port.
NOTE
The data of one user is transmitted through only one FE/GE port.
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Application Scenario
When the FE/GE ports of the BSC6900 work in load sharing mode, the data towards the same
IP address may be transmitted through different ports, and thus different IP routes must be
configured. For example, load sharing between two FE/GE ports requires two IP routes. The IP
routes must have the same destination IP address, subnet mask, and priority, but different nexthop IP addresses.
NOTE
Benefits
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Data traffic is shared by the ports to avoid the condition where some ports are busy whereas
others are idle.
In the same subrack, the ports serving the communication between the SCUa and the other
boards work as a trunk group to implement port trunking.
The ports serving the communication between the SCUa boards in different subracks work
as a trunk group to implement port trunking.
In a trunk group, the bandwidth is evenly allocated to the GE/FE ports, thus fulfilling load
balancing.
If a GE/FE link in a trunk group is faulty, the data stream on the link is automatically
switched to other GE/FE links.
Benefits
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