OBERMEYER

PLANEN + BERATEN GmbH

Airports
Planning. Approval. Construction.

Overall Planning for Airports

As globalisation continues to
increase, society is becoming more
and more mobile, thus leading to an
increase in air traffic as well. This
means that existing airports have to
expand their capacity. The present
low-cost carrier boom confirms this
phenomenon, especially in the case
of regional airports.
Airports are traffic nodal points, connecting air traffic with private and public transport. They are also used to
tranship cargo.
The technical planning of airports
combines the architecturally demanding and economically rigorous planning of a passenger terminal with the
planning of landside traffic development and airside flight operation
areas.
The different interests of operator, air
passengers, airlines, local residents,
employees and entrepreneurs all
have to be taken into account.
OBERMEYER, with its proven competence in overall planning from a
single source, can accomplish the
technical planning of airports as well
as any other planning required for air
traffic facilities.
Services:
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Master planning
Planning of flight operation areas
Engineering structures
Competitions
Passenger terminals
Technical building services
Landside traffic development
Overall planning of building structures
Environmental planning
Expert opinions on noise abatement
Surveying
Accompanying permission procedures

Novosibirsk Airport, Russia

Master Planning

The master plan for the extension of

Tolmachevo airport in Novosibirsk
envisages the staged development of
the entire facility as well as the construction of a new international passenger terminal for 5 million passengers per year. While the former
involves the adaptation of the airside
infrastructure and creation of an airport city including landside traffic
development, the planning of the latter
focuses on the commercial use of the
building in addition to the optimum
organization of the airport functions.
The building's interior is characterized
by an extensive, three-storey public
area with shops, restaurants and observation terraces offering views of the
activities on the apron.
On the basis of a traffic forecast prepared by Munich Airport International a
feasibility study was jointly conducted
with the German airport operator
which included both a retail utilization
concept and a profitability analysis.

Top:
Perspective
Left:
Internal perspective of retail area
Bottom:
Master plan with construction phases

Vnukovo International Airport Moscow, Russia

Master Planning

The aim of the urban development

visions elaborated on behalf of the airport operator was to revitalize the
entire existing facility and to create a
completely new aero-city. Hitherto spatially isolated functions and buildings
are to be concentrated and reorganized.
A multi-phased implementation plan
takes account of the airport's requirements in respect of accommodating
increasing passenger traffic. The traffic
forecast prepared by Lufthansa Consulting GmbH estimates 20 million passengers for the year 2020.

Top:
Perspective
Right:
Master plan for aero - city
Bottom:
Master plan with construction phases

A historical terminal building protected

as a monument constitutes the centre
of an imaginary symmetrical axis and
will in future serve as an imposing
entrance to the new metro station. In
the final development stage a midfield
dock with additional waiting areas and
retail outlets will be constructed on the
apron.

Kassel-Calden Commercial Airfield, Germany

Planning of Flight Operation Areas

A new 2,500 m long runway with parallel taxiway and adjoining apron is to
be constructed as part of the planned
extension of the Kassel-Calden commercial airfield.
A particular requirement of the overall
planning performed in the course of the
plan approval procedure was to optimise the earth quantities (5 million m
earthmoving) so as to achieve an earth
quantity balance. The planner was
faced with difficult subsoil in terms of
topography and geology alike.
The planning was carried out with the
aid of a CAD-based program system
for traffic and infrastructure planning
(ProVI); developed in-house in close
contact with planning practice, this proprietary software tool is continuously
being updated.

Top:
Perspective (projection superelevated 5 times)
Cutting brown, filling green
Bottom:
Site plan with geotechnical measures

Terminal 2 Tunnel Structures, Munich International Airport, Germany

Engineering Structures

As a result of the construction of the

new Terminal 2 at Munich International
Airport it was necessary to extend the
mass rapid transit (MRT) tunnel structure by 530 m towards the east (carcass) as a structural prerequisite for
the completion of the Erding circular
link and to build over the existing MRT
tunnel beneath Terminal 2 over a
length of 200 m.
Constructed parallel with the MRT tunnel were a tunnel for baggage transport (carcass) and a tunnel for a people mover including stations (carcass).
The latter is intended to accommodate
a cabin rail system to transport passengers beneath the aprons to and
from a future planned satellite.
In preparation for the planned magnetic levitation (maglev) connection
between the airport and Munich central
station it was necessary to investigate
the viability of all the engineering structures. A tunnel will pass below the
existing airport facilities and terminate
in an underground station located in
the airport's central zone.

Top :
Carcass work of people mover tunnel
Below:
Typical cross section of tunnel using
cut-and-cover method
Bottom:
Longitudinal section of central zone,
maglev tunnel

MRT tunnel

Northern precinct / Central building

Baggage transport tunnel

MAC

People mover tunnel

Terminal 2

Wuhan Tianhe Airport, P. R. China

Competitions

The design of the two-storey terminal

building for 12 million passengers per
year at Wuhan Tianhe airport puts the
departure area on the first floor and
arrivals on the ground floor. Two inner
courts on either side afford oases of
tranquillity in the setting of a Chinese
water-garden. Passengers and visitors
can relax on the islands.
Viewed from above the large, ellipsoidal roof with its spectacular classical
shape offers a clearly visible landmark
as well as forming the terminal building's fifth facade. Its glistening metallic
look, coupled with its doubly arched
structure, will make it a symbol of
Wuhan, capital of the province of Hubei
in southern China.
The design in question was ranked
equal first together with one other
entry in an international competition
with eight participants.

Top:
Inner court with Chinese water-garden
Left:
Forecourt curbside at departures level
Bottom:
Ground plan of arrivals level

Shenyang Taoxian International Airport, P. R. China

Passenger Terminals

The terminal building at Shenyang

Taoxian International Airport in the capital of Liaoning province in northern
China consists of two concave steel
roofs whose apexes are staggered
towards one another in imitation of Chinese pictography. The extensive
glazed faades serve to generate a
light and airy sense of space. This
ensures that the earth-bound structure
enters a symbiosis with the element
air.
Out of eleven entries to the design
competition this idea was awarded 1st
prize by the jury, which in turn led to a
commission for the preliminary planning of the terminal building for 10 million passengers per year in association with the Chinese airport planning
authority.
Top:
Perspective
Right:
Departures hall
Below:
Section showing passenger processing
Bottom:
Airside view

Rostock-Laage Airport, Germany

Passenger Terminals

Rostock-Laage-Gstrow airport serves

a catchment area which is steadily
growing in importance for the region
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania as a
whole. In view of this trend the operator commissioned the overall planning
of a new passenger terminal.
Thanks to its consistent transparency
from the airside entrance through to
the landside exit, both with regard to
the faade design and the floor plan
layout, the building facilitates passenger orientation. The geometrically
shaped structure is given an impressive silhouette by an expansive arched
roof and, together with the external
V-shaped columns, thus assumes the
appearance of a distinctively innovative and modern-day terminal for
250,000 passengers per year.

Top:
Perspective
Left:
Internal perspective of public area
Bottom:
Floor plan of ground floor

Fire Protection Upgrading, Frankfurt Main Airport, Germany

Technical Building Services

The baggage handling system at the

Rhine-Main airport are located in a socalled Robertson intermediate ceiling
between the floors for arrivals and
departures in Terminal 1. After 30
years of operation neither the building
itself nor the technical installations
complied with the latest fire protection
requirements.
Within the baggage handling system it
was therefore necessary to upgrade
the entire sprinkler network, install a
new smoke extraction system (including smoke extraction simulations), construct a new redundant radio circuit for
the emergency services and completely modernize the safety lighting
system.
Fire bulkheads also had to be inserted
for all the technical installations and
combustible materials replaced by
non-combustible materials, especially
in the case of the heat insulators and
pipes.

Top:
Baggage handling system on 3 levels
Right:
Geometrical model of baggage handling system
and technical equipment
Bottom:
Simulation of smoke propagation in baggage
distributor, isometric drawing and floor plan

Smoke propagation after 3 minutes

Smoke propagation after 3 minutes

Smoke propagation after 5 minutes

Smoke propagation after 5 minutes

Smoke propagation after 10 minutes

Smoke propagation after 10 minutes

Munich International Airport / Dsseldorf Airport, Germany

Landside Traffic Development

When formulating traffic development

principles, today's traffic planner
clearly separates the various transport
modes in order to ensure as conflictfree, smooth and efficient a flow of traffic as possible. Relevant modes
include motorized private transport,
public transport, passenger, delivery
and other traffic. On the basis of this
underlying premise the Zone West at
Munich International Airport consisting
of cargo area, parking centres, city
airport and administration was planned
in association with the Architects von
Gerkan, Marg und Partner. The landside traffic development concept prepared as part of a design competition
was awarded 1st prize.
When configuring the approach to
airports, it is particularly important to
achieve an equitable and at the same
time functional division of the available
space for public transport (buses,
taxis, etc.) on the one hand and private vehicles on the other. Traffic control systems allow this space to be
used to maximum benefit. At Dsseldorf airport not only was a dynamic
control system for the public development network designed from a traffic
and system engineering point of view,
but also linked by means of a dynamic
and static destination guiding system
from the superior traffic network.

Top:
Forecourt curbside, Dsseldorf Airport
Left:
Perspective Zone West,
Munich International Airport
Bottom:
Development concept Zone West,
Munich International Airport

Magnetic Levitation Connection Munich Central Station - Airport, Germany

Landside Traffic Development

Airport

Munich International Airport expects

the number of annual passenger movements to increase from the current figure of 23 million to 54 million by the
year 2020. Against this background
the airport's present rail-bound transport connection with the city-centre
(journey time about 40 minutes) will
not have the capacity to meet this
traffic demand in the long term.
To improve this situation, a maglev
connection with a service running
every 10 minutes and a journey time
of 10 minutes is therefore planned.
The design speed is 250 km/h in the
urban area and reaches 350 km/h outside town.
The 37 km long route mainly follows
the alignment of the A92 motorway. A
tunnel structure passes below the existing airport facilities. The maglev terminates in an underground station in
the airport's central zone.

Central Station

Top:
Route alignment from central station to airport
Right:
Maglev entrance to airport station
Bottom:
Maglev entrance to airport station

Border Inspection Post, Munich International Airport, Germany

Overall Planning of Building Structures

The existing border inspection post at

Munich International Airport cannot
accommodate the expected growth in
goods traffic; it is predicted that the
volume of goods handled (above all
perishable goods like fish, meat, fruit,
vegetables and plants) will increase
significantly. Moreover the inspection
post's present site is already earmarked for an extension of the cargo
terminal.
The new facility will be in a separate
building which, by dint of its modular
construction, can readily be expanded
and, on account of its proximity to the
cargo terminal, will permit easy access
from airside and landside areas alike.
The border inspection post with integrated perishables centre and small
animal station was designed taking
due account of the applicable EU
phyto-sanitary and veterinary directives.

Top:
Perspective / Airside view
Bottom:
Floor plan of ground floor

Energy Centre, Munich International Airport, Germany

Overall Planning of Building Structures

To meet the increasing demand for

energy at Munich International Airport,
a combined structure incorporating
transformer station and refrigeration
centre has to be built. Since electric
current and cold energy are neither
required suddenly nor simultaneously,
it was decided to plan and construct
the building in two stages according to
actual demand.
Architecturally, the objective was to
accentuate the building's highly technical character. By means of a transparent curtain wall, or screen, it was possible to contain the volume (gross built
volume 24,500 m) and yet also provide a glimpse of the concentrated
technology behind.
Top:
Visualization
Bottom:
Longitudinal section

Kiel-Holtenau Commercial Airfield, Germany

Environmental Planning

For the planned extension of KielHoltenau commercial airfield it is necessary to lengthen the runway and, as
a corollary measure, re-route the B503
main road.
During the preparation for the plan
approval procedure the environmental
interventions caused by the development project are determined,
described and evaluated in an environmental impact assessment (EIA).
The necessary compensatory and
remedial measures will be defined in a
landscape conservation plan.
An essential basis for assessing the
impairment of the ecosystem is provided by the separately prepared
maps of the biotope types, land-use
types, fauna-flora-habitat (FFH) etc.

Top:
Area of investigation for EIA
Left:
Amphibia mapping
Bottom:
Biotope mapping

Leipzig-Halle Airport, Germany

Expert Opinions on Noise Abatement

The permission procedure for the

extension of Leipzig-Halle airport
involved the construction of a second
runway with a length of 3,600 m. The
environmental issue which the general
public was most concerned about was
aircraft noise.

Richtwirkungsmae fr Strahltriebwerke bei unterschiedlichen Lastpunkten (A- bewertet in dB(A))

Referenzmuster A 321- 2* V2500-A5

0
15

10

15

30

30
5

45

45
0

60

60
-5

75

75

Apart from determining the noise emitted by planes actually taking off and
landing, the so-called ground operation noise also had to be investigated particularly as this affected local residents: e.g. aircraft moving on taxiways
or engine test runs.

-10
90

90

-15

105

105

120

120

135

135
150
165

The effect of these various types of

noise in combination could be
assessed by means of an overall
noise investigation depicting the loudness contours in the overall surroundings of the airport.

Idle/Rollen
Teillast (gering)
Teillast (hoch)
Volllast

150
165
180

100

Top:
Ground operation noise investigation
(engine test runs)

90
80

Hufigkeit

70

Right:
Aircraft noise investigation
(peak level and frequency statistics)

60
50
40
30

Bottom:
Overall noise investigation

20
10
0
65

70

75

80

Pegel [dB(A)]

85

90

Contact persons

Illustrations

Dipl.-Ing. Dietrich Petzoldt

Managing Director Engineering Technology

Visualizations, plans, photographs and drawings have mostly been

provided by the staff of OBERMEYER, who are herewith thanked for
their contributions.

Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Baumgartner

Airport Department
Hansastr. 40
80686 Mnchen
Germany
Postfach 12 11 29
80035 Mnchen
Telephon:
Fax:
Email:

+49 89 57 99-210, -237

+49 89 57 99-205
dietrich.petzoldt@opb.de
klaus.baumgartner@opb.de

Internet: www.opb.de

Imprint
2004
OBERMEYER PLANEN+BERATEN GmbH
Munich
Editor responsible: Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Baumgartner
Conception:

Helle Wortmann

Printed:

Seibold Drucktechnik

Brochure:Nr.

OPB-92240-02-200408-D

Status:

August 2004

Page 9 Centre: Hr. Kirgis

Page 9 Bottom: Hr. Kirgis
Page 12 Top:
Flughafen Dsseldorf
Page 12 Centre: von Gerkan, Marg und Partner, Architects
Page 13 Right: Bayerische Magnetbahnvorbereitungsgesellschaft mbH
Page 13 Bottom: Bayerische Magnetbahnvorbereitungsgesellschaft mbH
Page 16:
Basis: Deutsche Grundkarte 1:25000,
Landesvermessungsamt Schleswig-Holstein

OBERMEYER PLANEN+BERATEN GmbH

Mnchen

Hansastrae 40
80686 Mnchen
Postfach 20 15 42
80015 Mnchen
GERMANY

Telefon:
Telefax:
Internet:
E-Mail:

+49(0)89 57 99 -0
+49(0)89 57 99 -910
http://www.opb.de
info@opb.de

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