DISTRIBUTION GRID TRANSFORMERS

MONITORING USING GSM WITH FORCED

COOLING CONTROL SYSTEM

Abstract:
The aim of this project is to measure the parameters like voltage, current, power factor,
temperature of a distribution transformer.
A distribution transformer meter, also referred to as a distribution transformer monitor
(DTM), is a device that monitors and measures specific parameters of information directly from
the transformer. The DTM is integral when building a smart grid as it allows electric utility
operators to create valuable reconciliation points throughout their distribution grid. Only with a
DTM can a utility obtain critical data from within the heart of their grid. It is this information
that allows operators to sectionalize their grid to dramatically enhance management capabilities,
and to proactively achieve vision into the health of the transformer assets.
By monitoring parameters such as energy, current, voltage, and ambient temperature
directly associated with each targeted distribution transformer, utilities vastly broaden their
management capabilities. Key value propositions include reducing costly outages, pinpointing
technical and non-technical losses, analyzing power quality delivery, and identifying capacity
contribution per end users thereby setting the stage for effective, targeted Demand Response
programs.
In this project the controller will gather all the information from the adc and send this
data to the GSM module. This data is received at the substation where the data loggers will be
used to store the data.
To measure the current we are using current transformers, here 230v/6-0-6 transformer is
used as current transformers and this transformer will give output n the form of voltage depends
upon the load. The voltage is measured by voltage divider network. Power factor is measured by
measuring the time period between current and voltage waves.

COASTAL PROSOFT PVT. LTD.

15D, IDA Phase II, ADB Road, Peddapuram 533 437, India
8-1-329/1/O/307 O. B., Toli chowki, Hyderabad 500 008, India
Mobile- +91-9866181101, E-Mail - info@cprosoft.com

All these values are analog values and we are using ADC to convert them in digital
values .We are using micro controller to control this ADC and calculate the power from the
digital values that are converted using ADC. In this we are using ADC0808, it is an 8 channel
ADC and operating voltage is 5V only. Controller will show the data in the lcd and it will also
send the data to the gsm module.
Advantages:
1. Line can be operated in optimal load condition
2. Fault clearance time will reduced as particular module at each of the distribution
transformer will give the data of the type of the fault that has been occurred neat to it.
3. We get develop a data base of each of the transformer which is used in future to draw the
performance characteristics of the transformer.
Applications:
1. Can be used as a data logger.
2. Can be used near distribution transformer for optimal load flow studies.
SOFTWARE TOOLS USED:
1. Embedded C programming language
2. KEIL IDE for writing the program for micro controller
3. PROLOAD for dumping
4. ORCAD to draw the schematic diagram
HARDWARE USED:
1. AT89s52 Micro Controller
2. Power supply
3. LCD Display
4. GSM module

COASTAL PROSOFT PVT. LTD.

15D, IDA Phase II, ADB Road, Peddapuram 533 437, India
8-1-329/1/O/307 O. B., Toli chowki, Hyderabad 500 008, India
Mobile- +91-9866181101, E-Mail - info@cprosoft.com

5. Potential transformer and current transformers

Block diagram:

COASTAL PROSOFT PVT. LTD.

15D, IDA Phase II, ADB Road, Peddapuram 533 437, India
8-1-329/1/O/307 O. B., Toli chowki, Hyderabad 500 008, India
Mobile- +91-9866181101, E-Mail - info@cprosoft.com