21

()
(1)(N)
(2)
a,b,cN
a+bNabN
()
a+b=b+aab=b a
()
a+(b+c)=(a+b)+c(ab)c=a(bc) ()
(a+b)c=ac+bc
()

()

(3)
a,b,c
(a)a+ba bab ()ab
(b)a+b=b+aa b=b a
(c)a+(b+c)=(a+b)+c(ab)c=a(bc)
(d)(a+b)c=ac+b c
(e)a+c=b+c a=b ()
(f)a c=b c (c0) a=b ()
(g)a+0=0+a=aa0=0a=0a1=1a=a
(4)
a,b q,r a=bq+r 0r<|b|
a b q r
235=. 23=54+3
135=. 1 3=5(3)+2
(5)()
a,b,c
(a)a> ba<ba=b
(b) a>b b>c a>c
(c)a>b a+c>b+c
(d)c>0 a>b ac>bc c<0 a>b ac<bc

()
~211~

(1)
a,b q,r a=bq+r 0r<|b|
17=51+12
17=52+7
17=53+2
17=54+(3)
17 5 qr
0r<|b| qr
a=b q+r 0r<|b| ()
17=5 3+2 02<5
13=52+3 9 =5(2)+1 7 =33+2
r=0 a=bq b a a b a b
b|a
(2)
(a)a|a ()
(b)a|b b|c a|c
(c)a|b a|c a|mb+ncm,n
Pf

~212~


a 0
(3)
(a) a,b b|a b a a b
(b) p 1 p 1 p
p
(a) 2
(b)
(c) p ______________
(d)p k _______________________________
(c) b|a b b a
12 1,2,3,4,6,12 2,3 12
(d)
2 0,2,4,6,8
5 0 5
3 3 9 9
4 4
8 8
11 11

(e)()
a,b,c a=b cb>1,c>1
b,c
[] b,c
~213~

a=bc>=a
aNa>1 a a
[]
a a=bc b,c 1
b,c
b pp|b
bp
p|b b|a p|a
a p
313
()=17.
()2,3,5,7,11,13,17
() 2,3,5,7,11,13,17

407

(f)

nNn>1 n p1 1 p 2 2 ... pk k p 1 ,p 2 ,p k

1 , 2 , 3 ., k n
1. a (2a1)|(5a+1)(a+2)|(52a) a
Ansa=1 3

2. x,y N,x 7 6y 7 5(1)xy 7

(2)x+2y 7 Ans(1)2 (2)2

~214~

3. 504=233271
(1)a N,a|504,a =
a =
(2)a Z,a|504,a =
a =
(3)a N,a|504,a 3 a 7
a =
a =
(4)504 =
=
=
(5)=
=
(6) 2 3 =
=

1. 23ab421 99 a,bAnsa=2,b=4
2. (1) a=1260 a
(2) xN 1260x x
Ans1260=2 2 3 2 57x=35
3. 5292 (1)(2)(3)(4)
(5) (6)
3 Ans (1)2 2 3 3 7 2 (2)36,15960(3)72,0(4)3 (5)8,2
(6)27

~215~

4. a,b,c Z a|bc a|b a|c

5. a|b+c a|b a|c

()
6. m,n m>1 m|35n+28m|7n+3 m=
Ansm=13

7. a (2a+1)|(3a3)(a+3)|(5a+3) a
Ansa=5,2,1,0 1
8. k k
Ansk=1,0,3,12 [2k3|k15]
1 2
10
......
n n
n
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5
(92 ) Ans(D)

9. n

()
(1)()()
(a) a,b,c a|ba|c a b,c b,c
(b,c)
(b,c)=1 b,c
(b) a,b,c b|ac|a a b,c b,c
[b,c]
(c) a b,c a|(b,c)
(d) a b,c [b,c]|a
(2)
38254 60466

~216~

60466=382541+22212
a=(60466,38254)b=(38254,22212)
a|60466a|38254 a|60466382541=22212 a|b
b|38254b|22212 b|382541+22212=60466 b|a
a=b
(60466)(38254)
=(38254)(22212)
(60466,38254)=(38254,22212)

38254 60466

38254=222121+16042 (38254,22212)=(22212,16042)
22212=160421+6170 (22212,16042)=(16042,6170)
16042=61702+3702 (16042,6170)=(6170,3702)
6170=37021+2468 (6170,3702)=(3702,2468)
3702=24681+1234 (3702,2468)=(2468,1234)
2468=12342+0
(2468,1234)=(1234,0)=1234

1 60466
38254
1 22212
16042
1 6170
3702
2 2468
2468
0

38254 1
22212
16042 2
12340
3702 1
2468
3702
2468
1234

a,b b0 b a q r
a=bq+r(a,b)=(b,r)
=
Pf

~217~

a bq1 4098
4. a,b,q1,q2,q3 b 4098q 2 582 a,b
4098 582q 24
3

(86 ) Ans6

5. 3431 2397
Ans47174981

a,b N,(a,b)=d,
(1)a=dh,b=dk (h,k)=1 [a,b]=dhk
(2)(a,b)[a,b]=ab (a,b,c) [a,b,c]=abc
6. a,b a,b (a,b)=36[a,b]=540 a,b
Ansa=108b=180

~218~

7. m,n 3431m+2397n=47Ansm=7n=10

a,b (a,b)=d m,n d=am+bn

8. 3 3 6 9
1 2 4
5 8
1 2 3

9.
(1) a,b p p|ab p|a p|b
(2) a,b,c a|bc(a,b)=1 a|c

~219~

10. a 1000 465 30 a 465

______Ans15
11. (1)(5814,6018)= [5814,6018]= Ans34,1716018
(2)(4176,1566,1856)= Ans58
12. (1),(7982,11359)=___________
(2)(1) , 7982+11359=(7982,11359)
Ans(1)307 (2) =3,=2
13. 5 7
1 13
Ans 4 5 3 7
14. a,b (a,b)=1(a+b,ab)=1(ab,ab)=1
15. a,b a<b a+b=1092[a,b]=3528 a,b
Ansa=504b=588

()
(1)

~2110~

 n 3 1 5 2 7 3 n
[]
(a) m 1 m 2 m 3
m 1 3 1 5 0 7 0 m 1 =
m 2 3 0 5 1 7 0 m 2 =
m 3 3 0 5 0 7 1 m 3 =

(b)
n=[3,5,7]t+(1m 1 +2m 2 +3m 3 ) t
n 3 1 5 2 7 3
[]

(2)
n r
1.(2k+1)(2k)
2.3k+13k+23k
3.4k+14k+24k+34k

10. (1) n 4 0 1
(2) a2+b2=c2 a,b,c 4

~2111~

11. 2002 2039

Ans

12.
320
280 ________

Ans320 (88 )

16. n 7,6,5 5,1,2

Ans187
17. 40 255 13 (A)1 (B)2 (C)4 (D)6 (E)8 Ans(A) (85 )
18. 5 _____
Ans{0,1,4}
6 ______
Ans{0,1,3,4}
7 _____
Ans{0,1,2,4}
8 _____
Ans{0,1,4}
19. (1) 3n+2
(2) a 2 +b 2 =c 2 a,b,c 3

20. n n 2 3 n 3
21.
,
89 7 3 , 90 1 1

Ans (89 )
~2112~

22. 1987 1942

Ans

13. n n46n2+25 Ans17

14. n n= Ansn=26 10

23. x x=Ansx=11
24. a,b a(b+2)=b a>1(a,b)=
Ans(a,b)=(2,4)(3,3)
25. p=(a 2 22a+121)(a 2 2a+137) a p
p= Ansp=257

(1) 3
(A)313283 (B)113+163 (C)74234 (D)998866 (E)345678945
(2) 9
(A)247023846(B)6457329(C)3101(D)9863+8143(E)1090+1 (79 )
(3) 12a49b 36 (a,b)=
(4) 2100 10 (A)0(B)2(C)4(D)6(E)8 (88 )
(5) (234793)126 7

~2113~

(6) (a) (14963)5270 (b) (1990)100 7

(7) 4 4 1 5
513,226,216,154,145
(A)513 (B)226 (C)216 (D)154 (E)145 (87 )
(8) 16
6
(A) 26 (B) 28 (C) 82 (D) 103 (E) 284 (90 )
(9) a 2a1|5a+1a+2|52a a
(10) a an+1 a n
(11) 2160

(12) m m

(13) a,b,q,r a= bq +r (a,b) a b

(A) (a,b)=(b,r) (B) (a,b)=(q,r) (C) (a,q)=(b,r) (D) (a,q)=(q,r) (E) (a,r)=(b,q)
(90 )
(14) (a) (7242,3195)= (b) [693,45,77]=
(15) 1134 918
(16) (a) 4176 1566
(b) x,y 1566x+4176y=(4176,1566)
(c) 1566 4176
(17) 2 00 0 1 1 1 1
(89 )
(18) a,b a>b ab=30 [a,b]=225(a,b)=
(19) a,b a>ba+b=1092a,b 3528 a,b
(20) 105 28

(21) 1800
90 100 120

~2114~

(22) ,
,
, 27
,

(A) (B)
(C) (D) (E) x
(89 )

(23) xy=6(yx) x,y
(24) x,y

(25) 100n500n 7 2 n
2

(26) n n4+4n2+11 16
(27) k 2k1 k
( 2111=2389)
(28) n n46n2+25 n
(29) a a|9900025|a 9 a a
(30) n 9|23n+7 n=
(31) a,b,c 6a+21b=20c3a7b+4c=0(a,b,c)+[a,b,c]=3025
a,b,c
(32) 12

...1
(33) 11,111,1111,, 11
n 1

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

(A)(B)(E)
(A)(B)(C)(D)
(0,2)(9,2)(5,6)
(D)
1
(a)9 (b)2
(A)(C)(E)
(B)(C)(E)
a=1,3

403837440
24
(A)(D)
(a)213,(b)3465
8
~2115~

16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.

(a)522 (b)x=3y=1() (c)12

2005
(a,b)=(75,45)
a=588,b=504
760
180
(B)
18
(2,8)(3,3)(5,2)
115

n=2k+1

4
2
2
2
2
n +4n +11=(n +2) +7=[4k(k+1)+3] +7
n=pq p,q 1
2 n 1
2,2 (n 4 6n 2 +25=(n 2 +5) 2 16n 2 =(n 2 +5+4n)(n 2 +54n)
32
5
a=200,b=300,c=375 ( abc)
60 ()
4 11 )

~2116~